WO2020252933A1 - Appareil de projection laser - Google Patents

Appareil de projection laser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020252933A1
WO2020252933A1 PCT/CN2019/103676 CN2019103676W WO2020252933A1 WO 2020252933 A1 WO2020252933 A1 WO 2020252933A1 CN 2019103676 W CN2019103676 W CN 2019103676W WO 2020252933 A1 WO2020252933 A1 WO 2020252933A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
laser
green
light source
blue
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/103676
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
颜珂
田有良
Original Assignee
青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020252933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020252933A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3158—Modulator illumination systems for controlling the spectrum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3161—Modulator illumination systems using laser light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3164—Modulator illumination systems using multiple light sources

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of laser projection display, and in particular to a laser projection device.
  • the laser light source has the advantages of good monochromaticity, high brightness and long life span, making it an ideal light source.
  • lasers are gradually being used as light sources.
  • the use of lasers in projection equipment as the projection light source has gradually replaced mercury lamp lighting, and compared to LED light sources, lasers also have the advantages of small optical extension and high brightness.
  • Lasers are classified into blue lasers, red lasers and green lasers according to their light-emitting types, which emit blue lasers, red lasers and green lasers respectively.
  • the present disclosure provides a laser projection device, including a three-color laser light source, which can present a projection picture with high brightness and good color.
  • the present disclosure provides a laser projection equipment: a complete machine housing, a light source, an optical machine and a lens;
  • the light source includes a red laser component and a green laser component installed side by side, and a blue laser component perpendicular to the red and green laser components; a first combining mirror and a first combining mirror are arranged at the intersection of the blue laser and the green laser The blue laser is transmitted, the green laser is reflected, and a second combining mirror is provided at the intersection of the combined blue laser, green laser and red laser. The second combining mirror reflects the red laser and transmits the blue and green lasers. Output the three-color laser to the light outlet of the light source.
  • more implementation scenarios can be clearly obtained. It should be understood that many implementation situations of the present disclosure can be implemented individually, or a combination of one or more implementation situations. The description of the implementation situation given in the present disclosure is to better describe the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser projection device in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DLP projection architecture in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • 3A is a schematic diagram of an ultra-short throw projection imaging optical path in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of an ultra-short throw projection system in the implementation of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4A is a structural diagram of an ultra-short throw projection screen in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 4B is a graph showing the change in reflectivity of the projection screen to the projection beam in FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a light source structure of a laser projection device in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5B is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of FIG. 5A;
  • 5C-1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a laser assembly in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 5C-2 is a schematic diagram of another assembly of laser components in the disclosed embodiment.
  • 5D is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a laser assembly in the disclosed embodiment
  • 5E-1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another laser assembly in the disclosed embodiment
  • 5E-2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another laser assembly in the disclosed embodiment
  • Figure 5F-1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an MCL laser
  • Fig. 5F-2 is a schematic diagram of the laser circuit package structure in Fig. 5F-1;
  • FIG. 5G is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of a light source in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 5H is a schematic diagram of the optical path of another light source in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5I is a schematic diagram of another angle light source structure in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 6A is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system of a red laser assembly in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • 6B is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the heat dissipation system of the blue or green laser component in the embodiment of the disclosure
  • 6C is an exploded schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system of the blue or green laser assembly in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a red laser chip structure
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of a laser projection system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 8B is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of another laser projection system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of a structure of a diffusion sheet according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of the laser beam after passing through the diffuser shown in FIG. 9A according to the embodiment of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a light spot in a light path in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 11A is a schematic diagram of the optical axis of a wave plate
  • FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of the principle of a 90-degree change of linearly polarized light
  • 11C is a schematic diagram of the polarization directions of P light and S light
  • Figure 11D is a schematic diagram of wave plate rotation setting
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of an optical path principle in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram of another optical path principle in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12C is a schematic diagram of another optical path principle in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12D is a schematic diagram of another optical path principle in the embodiments of the disclosure.
  • 1101-collimating lens group 1102-metal substrate, 1103-laser pin, 1104a, 1104b-PCB board;
  • 200-optical machine 201-second light entrance, 202-third light outlet, 210-illumination light path, 220-DMD digital micro-mirror array, 230-galvanometer, 250-receiving part, 260-diffusion wheel;
  • 400-projection screen 401-base material layer, 402-diffusion layer, 403-uniform medium layer, 404-Fresnel lens layer, 405-reflective layer;
  • 601-heat dissipation fins 602-heat pipe, 603-heat conduction block, 604-first fan, 605-second fan, 606-third fan, 607-fourth fan, 610-cold head, cold exhaust-611, fluid supplement ⁇ -612, 613- thermal block.
  • the red laser light-emitting chip has two light-emitting points, but one light-emitting chip corresponds to one collimating lens. Therefore, one collimating lens emits light to two The effect of point collimation is worse than that of a collimating lens collimating a light-emitting point.
  • the optical path system is shared by the three-color laser. In the process of beam transmission, the optical lens experienced usually has its own light collection range or higher light processing efficiency within a certain angle range. For red lasers, due to divergence The faster the degree makes it easy to lose the beam of a large angle range, so the light loss of the red laser is usually large, and this loss rate is difficult to estimate and difficult to solve with power compensation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection device.
  • the laser projection device 10 includes a complete housing 101. According to the optical function parts, it also includes a light source 100, an optical engine 200, and a lens 300. These optical parts have corresponding housings. Wrap and meet certain sealing or airtight requirements.
  • the light source 100 is airtightly sealed, which can better prevent the light attenuation problem of the light source 100.
  • the light source 100, the optical engine 200, and the lens 300 are installed in the housing 101 of the complete machine. Among them, the optical machine 200 and the lens 300 are connected and arranged along the first direction of the housing 101 of the whole machine. As shown in FIG.
  • the first direction may be the width direction of the whole machine, or according to the usage mode, the first direction is related to the user's viewing The direction is opposite.
  • a light source 100 is provided in the space enclosed by the optical engine 200, the lens 300 and a part of the whole housing 101.
  • the light source 100 is a pure three-color laser light source, emitting red laser, blue laser and green laser.
  • the light source 100 has a first light outlet 103
  • the optical engine 200 has a second light inlet 201 and a third light outlet 202.
  • the second light inlet 201 and the third light outlet 202 They are located on different sides of the optical machine in a vertical relationship, where the vertical is vertical in the spatial position relationship, and the different sides may be different sides of the cuboid optical machine housing, or different sides of an irregular three-dimensional structure.
  • the first light outlet 102 of the light source 100 is connected to the second light entrance 201 of the optical engine 200.
  • the light beam of the light source 100 enters the inside of the optical engine 200, passes through the illumination light path inside the optical engine 200, and reaches the light modulating device, and the light modulating device will illuminate the light beam Output to lens 300.
  • the optical engine 200 contains a light modulation device, which is a core component of the system.
  • Light modulation devices also called light valves
  • LCD liquid crystal light valve LCD
  • LCD liquid crystal on silicon LCOS
  • DMD digital micromirror chip DMD chip is used in DLP projection architecture.
  • FIG. 2A shows a DLP (Digital Light Processing) projection architecture, in which the DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) digital micromirror array is the core device of the entire projection architecture.
  • DMD220 is a reflective light valve device.
  • the illumination beam output from the light source usually needs to pass through the illumination optical path 210 at the front end of the DMD220. After passing the illumination optical path 210, the illumination beam meets the illumination size and incident angle required by the DMD220.
  • the surface of the DMD220 includes thousands of tiny mirrors, each of which can be driven independently for deflection. For example, in the DMD chip provided by TI, it can be deflected by plus or minus 12 degrees or plus or minus 17 degrees.
  • the light reflected by a positive deflection angle is called ON light
  • the light reflected by a negative deflection angle is called OFF light.
  • OFF light is invalid light, which is usually hit on the housing or absorbed by a light-absorbing device.
  • the ON light is an effective light beam that is irradiated by the illuminating light beam by the tiny reflector on the surface of the DMD light valve and enters the lens part 300 through a positive deflection angle, and is used for projection imaging.
  • the optical engine 200 applies a DLP projection architecture, and uses a DMD reflective light valve as a light modulation device.
  • the lens 300 is connected to the optical machine 200 through the third light outlet 202.
  • the specific connection can be fixed by screws through the end faces of the respective housings.
  • Part of the lens group of the lens 300 also extends into the optical machine 200.
  • the lens part 300 includes a combination of multiple lenses, which are usually divided into groups, divided into three-stage front group, middle group, and rear group, or two-stage front group and rear group.
  • the front group is the lens near the light emitting side of the projection device.
  • the group, the rear group is the lens group close to the light emitting side of the light modulation device.
  • the lens unit 300 may also be a zoom lens, a fixed focus adjustable focus lens, or a fixed focus lens.
  • the laser projection device in this example is an ultra short throw projection device, so the lens part 300 is an ultra short throw projection lens, and its projection ratio is usually less than 0.3, such as 0.24.
  • the ultra-short throw projection lens may be one of the examples shown in FIG. 3A, including a refractive lens group 310 and a mirror group 320.
  • the mirror group 320 may be a curved mirror. As shown in FIG. It is projected obliquely upwards on the projection screen 400, which is different from the traditional telephoto projection in which the projection beam optical axis is located at the vertical line of the projection screen.
  • the ultra-short throw projection lens usually has 120% ⁇ 150% of the projection screen. The offset.
  • the current DMD chip sizes provided by TI are 0.66 inches, 0.65 inches, and 0.47 inches, and the projection screen size is usually above 70 inches, such as between 80 inches and 150 inches, so for the lens
  • the design difficulty of an ultra-short-focus projection lens is much greater than that of a long-focus projection lens.
  • the center perpendicular of the light exit surface of the DMD light valve is usually parallel to the optical axis of the lens, but does not coincide, that is, the DMD is offset from the lens part 300, and the light beam emerging from the DMD light exit surface is incident obliquely at a certain angle In the lens portion 300, after partial area transmission and reflection of the multiple lenses, the projected light beam finally exits the lens portion 300 obliquely upward.
  • DMD is driven by an electric signal to modulate the light, so that the light beam carries image information, which is finally enlarged by the lens to form a projected image.
  • a galvanometer 230 can also be provided in the light path from the DMD exit light path to the lens. It is a transmission type flat sheet structure. Through one-dimensional vibration, the galvanometer will angularly shift the successively transmitted image beams, so that two adjacent images will be misaligned and superimposed and then imaged on the projection screen. Using the persistence effect of human vision, the information of the two images is superimposed As a piece of image information, the details of the image perceived by the human eye increase, and the resolution of the image is also improved.
  • the galvanometer can also perform two-dimensional movement, such as moving in four positions, up, down, left, and right, so that four images can be misaligned and superimposed together. Using the principle of superimposing the amount of information described above, the resolution improvement effect perceived by the human eye can be realized. Regardless of the superposition of two images or four images, the two sub-images or four sub-images need to be decomposed by a high-resolution image in advance, and the decomposition method needs to be matched with the movement of the galvanometer In order to correctly overlay without image confusion.
  • the galvanometer is usually set between the DMD light valve and the lens.
  • the beam transmitted between the DMD and the lens can be regarded as a parallel beam.
  • the parallel beam can still maintain good parallelism after being refracted by the flat plate, but if the divergence angle is relatively large After a large light beam is refracted by a flat plate, the angle of the refraction changes greatly, which may cause uneven brightness or chromaticity when the two image light beams passing through the galvanometer are superimposed.
  • a plurality of circuit boards 500 are arranged in the space enclosed by the optical engine 200, the lens 300 and another part of the complete machine housing 101.
  • the plurality of circuit boards 500 include a power supply board, a TV board, a control board, a display board, etc.
  • a plurality of circuit boards 500 are usually arranged in a stack, or a plurality of circuit boards 500 may also be placed partly along the bottom surface of the housing 101 and partly arranged along the side surface of the housing.
  • the optical engine 200 and the lens 300 are arranged along the first direction of the equipment housing 101, and the complete equipment is divided into two parts.
  • One part can accommodate the light source and the other part can accommodate the circuit board.
  • These two parts are the left and right parts as shown in Figure 1.
  • This division can be regarded as separating the optical and electrical parts.
  • the optical part is also usually provided with a drive circuit, but compared to the display board, signal board, power board and other circuit parts, the volume is smaller and the complexity is also lower, so the left half of the main body can be considered as optical Part, the main body of the right half is the circuit part. Separating the different main bodies in this way not only facilitates the assembly and debugging of the whole machine, but also facilitates the respective design requirements of the optical and electrical parts, such as heat dissipation, wiring, and electromagnetic testing.
  • the optical engine 200 and the lens 300 are arranged in the same direction, and part of the lens group of the lens 300 extends into the optical engine 200, which is beneficial to reduce the volume of the assembled optical engine and the lens.
  • the light beam of the light source 100 may undergo multiple turns and finally enter the lens 300, but the direction of the light beam emitted from the first light outlet 103 of the light source 100 and the lens Compared with the light beam direction of the light incident surface of 300, it can be considered that the optical axis direction of the light source 100 and the optical axis direction of the lens 300 have a vertical relationship in space.
  • the light source 100, the optical engine 200, and the lens 300 are connected and assembled to form an L shape, which provides a structural basis for the turning of the optical axis of the light beam, and not only reduces the design difficulty of the optical engine 200 entering the optical path of the lens 300.
  • the overall layout of the above-mentioned laser projection equipment is relatively compact, and the optical path structure is also simpler.
  • the light source 100 is used to provide light source illumination for the light engine 200.
  • the light source 100 provides illumination light beams for the light engine 200 by sequentially and synchronously outputting the three primary color illumination light beams.
  • the light source 100 can also output non-sequentially, and there are superimposed output periods of different primary colors. For example, there are superimposed output periods for red and green. Increasing the proportion of yellow in the beam cycle is beneficial to increase the brightness of the image, or red, green, and blue are simultaneously Part of the time is lit, and the three colors are superimposed to form white, which can increase the brightness of the white field.
  • the three-color primary color light in the light source part can be simultaneously lit and output mixed white light.
  • the light source unit 100 outputs three-color primary color light in a sequential manner, according to the principle of three-color light mixing, the human eye cannot distinguish the color of light at a certain moment, and it still perceives mixed white light. Therefore, the output of the light source unit 100 is generally called mixed white light.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the light source 100 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of FIG. 5A.
  • An example of a three-color laser light source will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.
  • the light source 100 includes a light source housing 102, and a blue laser assembly 110, a green laser assembly 120, and a red laser assembly 130 mounted on different sides of the light source housing 102, which emit blue laser and green laser respectively. And red laser.
  • the green laser component 120 and the red laser component 130 are installed side by side on the same side, and are perpendicular to the blue laser component 110 in space, that is, the light source housing where the green laser component 120 and the red laser component 130 are located
  • the side surface is perpendicular to the side surface of the light source housing where the blue laser assembly 110 is located, and the two side surfaces are both perpendicular to the bottom surface of the light source housing 102 or the bottom surface of the complete machine housing 101.
  • FIG. 5G for a schematic diagram of a light path principle of the light source 100.
  • the green laser assembly 120 and the red laser assembly 130 are arranged side by side, and the light exit surface of the blue laser assembly 110 faces the light exit of the light source.
  • the light beam emitted by the blue laser assembly 110 is transmitted and output to the light outlet of the light source 100 without the need for light path turning.
  • the light beam emitted by the red laser component is emitted from the light outlet after one reflection, and the light beam emitted by the green laser component is emitted from the light outlet after one reflection and one transmission. It can be seen that in the above-mentioned schematic diagram of the optical path principle, the red laser has the shortest optical path and the least number of reflections.
  • the laser components of any of the above colors output rectangular light spots, and the laser components of any color are installed vertically on the side surface of the light source housing 102 along the long sides of the respective rectangular light spots.
  • the laser spot output by the three-color laser assembly will not form a "cross"-shaped spot when the light is combined, which is conducive to the reduction of the combined light spot size and higher uniformity.
  • the light source housing 102 includes multiple side surfaces, a bottom surface and a top cover, and multiple optical lenses in the light source 100 are all arranged on the bottom surface of the light source housing 102.
  • the top cover of the light source housing 102 is fin-shaped.
  • a plurality of windows 1021 are opened on the side of the light source housing 102 to install the above-mentioned multiple laser components.
  • the light beams emitted by the above-mentioned laser components of any color are incident on the internal cavity of the light source 100 from the corresponding installation windows and pass through the multiple
  • the optical lens forms a light transmission path.
  • control circuit boards are also installed on the top cover of the light source housing 102, and, as shown in FIG. 5I, a schematic structural view from the bottom surface of the light source housing is also reserved on the bottom surface.
  • optical lens adjustment structure installation position 1023 There is an optical lens adjustment structure installation position 1023.
  • an air pressure balance device 1022 is also provided on the bottom surface or top cover of the light source housing 102.
  • the air pressure balance device 1022 can be a filter valve, which can be used to connect the inner cavity of the light source with the outside to realize the exchange of airflow.
  • the filter valve can be set as an airtight and waterproof membrane, it can filter particles, dust, dust, etc. within a certain diameter range from the outside, block it out, and keep the inner cavity of the light source clean.
  • the air pressure balance device is a retractable airbag, which can be made of elastic rubber, and is used to increase the volume of the cavity of the light source when the air pressure increases to relieve the air pressure of the light source cavity.
  • the above-mentioned air pressure balance device can be used as a pressure relief device. When the temperature of the cavity of the light source rises too high, the pressure can be relieved outwards through communication or by forming a gas containing structure to increase the volume of the sealed space in the cavity of the light source. The air pressure of the cavity is balanced to improve the reliability of the operation of each optical device in the cavity of the light source.
  • an MCL laser shown in Figure 5F-2 includes a metal substrate 1102.
  • the metal substrate 1102 is packaged with multiple light-emitting chips (not shown in the figure).
  • the multiple light-emitting chips can be connected in series or It can be driven in parallel in rows or columns.
  • Multiple light-emitting chips can be arranged in a 4X6 array or other array arrangements, such as a 3X5 array, or a 2X7 array, or a 2X6 array, or a 4X5 array.
  • the lasers with different array numbers have different overall light-emitting power.
  • Pins 1103 extend from both sides of the metal substrate 1102, and by connecting these pins with electrical signals, the light-emitting chip can be driven to emit light. Covering the light-emitting surface of the MCL laser, a collimating lens group 1101 is also provided, and the collimating lens group 1101 is usually fixed by glue.
  • the collimating lens group 1101 includes a plurality of collimating lenses, which usually correspond to the light-emitting positions of the light-emitting chips one-to-one to collimate the laser beam.
  • the MCL laser assembly also includes PCB boards 1104a, 1104b arranged on the outer peripheral side of the MCL laser.
  • the PCB boards 1104a, 1104b are parallel to the light-emitting surface of the laser or lie in the same plane to drive the laser pin 1103 , Provide drive signal for the laser.
  • the circuit board has a flat structure, and the laser has pins 1103 on both sides. The pins 1103 are respectively welded or inserted on the side circuit boards 1104a and 1104b that are almost parallel to the plane where the laser is located.
  • 1104a and 1104b It can be integrally formed to surround the outside of the laser assembly substrate 1102, or 1104a and 1104b can also be two independent circuit boards, which enclose the laser assembly, so that the packaged laser assembly is basically a flat plate structure, which is convenient Installation and space saving are also conducive to miniaturization of light source equipment.
  • 5C-1 and 5D are respectively a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of any color laser component and a fixing bracket, and a schematic diagram of an exploded structure.
  • any color laser assembly is installed at the window 1021 of the corresponding light source housing through the fixing bracket 104, and the fixing bracket 104 and the light source housing 102 are locked by screws to fix the laser assembly at the position of the window 1021 .
  • Any color laser assembly includes MCL type laser assembly and fixed bracket.
  • the metal substrate of the MCL laser is provided with assembly holes, which can be locked with the fixing bracket.
  • the fixing bracket 104 is a sheet metal part with a light-transmitting window 1041.
  • the front of the fixing bracket 104 light-transmitting window 1041 is installed close to the window 1021 of the light source housing 102, and the laser components of any color are installed in the fixed
  • the bracket is installed on the back of the transparent window 1041.
  • a third sealing member 1042 is provided at the mounting position on the back of the light-transmitting window 1041 of the fixing bracket.
  • the third sealing member 1042 has a frame-shaped rubber member with a folded edge and can be sleeved on the MCL On the front side of the laser, fix the MCL laser assembly at the installation position.
  • the third sealing member 1042 can also serve as a buffer to prevent the collimating lens group on the surface of the MCL laser from being damaged due to hard contact with the sheet metal.
  • the MCL laser assembly is composed of an MCL laser and a corresponding PCB board 1104.
  • the MCL laser assembly is fixed to the fixing bracket 104 and becomes an assembly unit, which is installed together at the position of the window 1021 corresponding to the light source housing 102.
  • a sealing glass 105 is also provided at the window 1021, and the sealing glass 105 isolates the inner cavity of the light source from the laser assembly installed at the window 1021, so as to prevent external dust and the like.
  • the sealing glass 105 can be arranged on the surface of the inner cavity of the light source, such as by bonding, or on the side of the light source housing close to the laser assembly, for example, by setting an installation position on the outer surface of the light source housing, and then the laser assembly , The sealing glass is installed on the outside of the light source housing window.
  • the sealing glass 105 is installed on the side of the window 1021 close to the laser assembly. There is also a first receiving groove on the front surface of the fixing bracket 104 for receiving the first sealing member 1051, and a second receiving groove for receiving the second sealing member 1052 at the window 1021 of the light source housing.
  • the sealing glass 105 is located between the first sealing member 1051 and the second sealing member 1052.
  • the second sealing member 1052 is placed in the second accommodating groove at the window 1021, and the second sealing member 1052 is provided with a fixed groove that matches the sealing glass 105, and the sealing glass 105 is placed in the In the fixed slot, and install the first sealing member 1051 into the first receiving slot of the light-transmitting window 1041 of the fixed bracket through interference fit, and then install any color laser assembly composed of the fixed bracket and the MCL laser assembly to the light source housing
  • the first sealing member 1051 is in contact with the sealing glass 105.
  • the sealing glass 105 is also sandwiched between the first sealing member 1051 and the second sealing member 1052 for fixing .
  • the MCL laser assembly of any color is fixed to the fixed bracket by the shoulder screw, and a shock absorber is also arranged between the shoulder screw and the fixed bracket, which can reduce the laser's high frequency Transmission of noise generated during driving.
  • the assembly structure of the laser assembly and the light source housing has been described above.
  • the above-mentioned laser assembly is installed on the housing of the light source, emits a laser beam under the control of a driving signal, forms a light path output inside, and cooperates with an optical machine and a lens to perform projection imaging.
  • the light source is the main heat source, and the high-density energy beam of the laser irradiates the surface of the optical lens to generate heat.
  • the DMD chip has an area of a few tenths of an inch, but it needs to bear the beam energy required for the entire projected image, and its heat generation is also very high.
  • the laser has a set working temperature to form a stable light output, taking into account the service life and performance.
  • the device contains multiple precision optical lenses, especially the ultra-short focal lens contains multiple lenses, if the entire device Excessive temperature and heat accumulation will cause "warm drift" of the lens in the lens, and the image quality will be seriously reduced.
  • components such as circuit board devices are driven by electrical signals and generate a certain amount of heat, and each electronic device also has a set operating temperature. Therefore, good heat dissipation and temperature control are very important guarantees for the normal operation of laser projection equipment.
  • the heat conduction block 603 is in contact with the heat sink of the green or blue laser assembly to conduct heat, the outer surface of the heat pipe 602 contacts the heat conduction block to achieve heat transfer, and the heat pipe 602 and the heat conduction block 603 One end of the contact is the hot end, and the other end is in contact with the radiating fins, which is the cold end.
  • the heat pipe is a closed system with liquid inside, and heat conduction is realized through the change of liquid gas and liquid.
  • the radiating fins in contact with the cold end of the heat pipe are usually cooled by air cooling, so that the cold end of the heat pipe is also cooled, and the gas is liquefied and returned to the hot end of the heat pipe.
  • the red laser assembly is connected to the cold head 610, and the heat is dissipated through liquid cooling.
  • the cold head takes away the heat of the heat source components and returns it to the cold row, the cold row is cooled, and the cooled coolant, such as water, which is commonly used, flows back to the cold head, and circulates to the heat source in turn Conduct heat conduction.
  • a pump is also included to drive the coolant in the liquid-cooled circulation system to keep flowing.
  • the pump and the cold head are integrated to reduce the volume of the components.
  • the liquid-cooled circulation system of the laser projection device of this example also includes a fluid replacement device for replenishing the liquid-cooled circulation system, so that the liquid pressure in the entire liquid-cooled circulation system is greater than the external pressure of the system, so that external air will not Because of the volatilization of the coolant or the poor sealing of the pipe joints, it enters the circulation system, causing internal noise in the circulation system, and even causing cavitation to damage the device.
  • the liquid-cooled circulation system is more flexible in that the volume of the cold head and the cold row is smaller than the volume of the traditional heat sink fins, and the choice of its own shape and structural position is more diverse. Since the cold head and the cold row are connected through the pipeline, it is always a circulatory system, so the cold row can be arranged close to the cold head, or there may be other relative position relationships, which are determined by the space of the laser projection equipment.
  • a plurality of circuit boards 500 and a second fan are also arranged in the space enclosed by the optical engine, the lens and another part of the housing of the whole machine.
  • the second fans are arranged close to the housing of the whole machine. There may be multiple second fans.
  • the light source 100 is a laser light source, and the included laser components of different colors have different operating temperature requirements.
  • the working temperature of the red laser component is less than 50°C
  • the working temperature of the blue laser component and the green laser component is less than 65°C.
  • the working temperature of the DMD chip in the optical machine is usually controlled at about 70°C
  • the temperature of the lens part is usually controlled below 85°C.
  • the temperature control of different electronic devices is different, usually between 80°C and 120°C. It can be seen that due to the different temperature tolerances of the optical components and circuit parts in the equipment, the operating temperature tolerance of the optical part is generally lower than that of the circuit part. Therefore, the air flow is blown from the optical part to the circuit part, so that both parts can achieve the purpose of heat dissipation. And maintain their normal work.
  • the working temperature of the red laser component is less than 50°C, for example, when it is controlled below 45°C, liquid cooling is used, and the difference between the surface temperature of the cold row and the surface temperature of the cold head is controlled within the range of 1 to 2°C.
  • the surface temperature of the cold row is 43°C to 44°C, where the surface temperature of the cold head refers to the temperature of the contact surface between the cold head and the heat sink of the laser assembly.
  • the first fan sucks in air of ambient temperature, which is usually 20-25°C, and cools the cold row to dissipate heat, reducing the surface temperature of the cold row to 43°C.
  • the working temperature of the blue laser component and the green laser component is below 65°C
  • the temperature of the heat dissipation fin needs to be 62°C to 63°C
  • the temperature difference between the temperature of the heat dissipation fin and the heat sink of the laser assembly is in the range of 2 to 3°C Inside. It can be seen that the temperature of the cold row is lower than the temperature of the heat dissipation fins. Therefore, the cold row is arranged at the front end of the heat dissipation path, and is also located before the heat dissipation fins in the heat dissipation path. The airflow formed by the rotation of the fan dissipates the heat of the cold row and then blows to the radiating fins again, and the radiating fins can still be dissipated.
  • the working temperature of the lens is controlled at 85°C and the temperature of the heat dissipation fins is at 63°C, which is still lower than the working temperature of the lens, the second airflow flowing through the heat dissipation fins is still cold airflow compared to the lens.
  • the operating temperature of the circuit board is generally higher than the operating control temperature of the lens. Therefore, the airflow after dissipating heat from the lens is still cold airflow compared to most circuit boards, and it can continue to flow through multiple circuit boards for heat dissipation.
  • the cold exhaust, heat dissipation fins, lenses, and circuit boards have gradually increased operating temperature thresholds.
  • the above-mentioned structural layout also facilitates the design of heat dissipation paths.
  • the heat dissipation airflow can flow from components with lower operating temperature thresholds to operating temperature thresholds.
  • Higher components can dissipate heat for multiple heat source components in sequence in a heat dissipation path, which not only meets the working heat dissipation requirements of multiple heat source components, but also has high heat dissipation efficiency of the whole machine.
  • the surface of the heat dissipation fins can be improved by improving the heat dissipation area, or increasing the wind velocity, so as to increase the heat dissipation capacity.
  • the luminous power range of the red laser component can be 24W ⁇ 56W
  • the luminous power range of the blue laser component can be 48W ⁇ 115W
  • the luminous power range of the green laser component can be 12W ⁇ 28W
  • the luminous power of the red laser component is 48W
  • the luminous power of the blue laser component is 82W
  • the luminous power of the green laser component is 24W.
  • the above-mentioned three-color lasers all use MCL-type laser components. Compared with BANK-type lasers, the volume is greatly reduced under the same output power.
  • the heat dissipation requirement of the light source 100 is the most stringent, which is a relatively low temperature control part of the entire equipment.
  • the working temperature of the red laser component is lower than the working temperature of the blue laser component and the green laser component, which is determined by the light-emitting principle of the red laser.
  • the blue laser and the green laser are generated using gallium arsenide luminescent material, and the red laser is generated using gallium nitride luminescent material.
  • the luminous efficiency of the red laser is low and the heat generation is high.
  • the temperature requirements of red laser luminescent materials are also more stringent.
  • the air-cooled heat dissipation method can control the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the heat source at about 3°C, while the temperature difference control for liquid cooling can be more precise and smaller, such as 1 to 2°C.
  • the temperature difference control for liquid cooling can be more precise and smaller, such as 1 to 2°C.
  • red laser components with a lower operating temperature threshold liquid-cooled heat dissipation is used, while blue laser components and red laser components with relatively high operating temperature thresholds are air-cooled to dissipate heat, which can meet the operating temperature requirements of red lasers.
  • It can be dissipated with a lower heat dissipation cost, and only need to meet a smaller temperature difference control, so that the fan speed requirement can be reduced.
  • the component cost of liquid cooling is higher than that of air cooling.
  • a mixed heat dissipation method of liquid cooling and air cooling is adopted for the heat dissipation of the light source, which can satisfy the operating temperature control of different laser components and is economical and reasonable.
  • the metal substrate on the back of the red laser assembly 110 is connected to the cold head through a first heat conducting block 613.
  • the area of the first heat conducting block 613 is larger than the area of the heat conducting surface of the cold head. It is also larger than the area of the heat conducting surface of the heat sink on the back of the red laser component 110. In this way, the heat of the heat sink of the laser assembly can be quickly concentrated and transferred to the cold head, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
  • the outlet of the cold head 610 is connected to the inlet of the cold row 611 through a pipe, and the outlet of the cold row 611 is connected to the inlet of the cold head 610 through a pipe.
  • a liquid supplement 612 is also provided in the liquid-cooled circulation system composed of cold head 610, cold row 611 and pipelines.
  • the liquid supplement 612 is used to supplement the system circulation with coolant, so the liquid supplement can be equipped with the entire circulation system According to the system structure space and other factors, there can be one or more fluid replacement devices, which can be connected with the pump or be located close to the cold exhaust.
  • the blue laser component and the green laser component have the same operating temperature control and share a heat dissipation fin structure.
  • the heat sink on the back of the blue laser assembly 120 and the green laser assembly 130 is in contact with the heat pipe 602 through the heat conducting block 603, and the heat pipe 602 extends into the heat dissipation fin 601.
  • the heat conducting block 603 is the second heat conducting block, corresponding to the green laser component, and the heat conducting block 603 is the third heat conducting block.
  • the second heat conduction block and the third heat conduction block can be two independent components that conduct heat conduction for different laser components, or can be a whole structure, which is easy to install, and when the heat dissipation requirements of the two colors of laser components are the same, Easy to control temperature.
  • the aforementioned heat pipes are multiple heat pipes, and preferably, the number of heat pipes corresponding to the blue and green laser components is the same.
  • the heat pipe is a straight heat pipe, there are multiple heat pipes, and multiple through holes are opened in the heat dissipation fins for inserting multiple heat pipes.
  • the heat dissipation fins 601 are arranged close to the blue and green laser components. Multiple heat pipes can be directly inserted into the heat dissipation fins without bending.
  • the straight heat pipe is beneficial to reduce the transmission resistance during the gas-liquid change in the heat pipe and is beneficial to improve the heat transfer efficiency.
  • the light source component can be radiated, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the three-color laser light source component.
  • the light source emits three-color lasers to provide high-quality illuminating light beams, which can be projected to form projection images with high brightness and good colors. Since the three-color laser components are arranged in different spatial positions, multiple optical lenses are needed in the cavity of the light source to combine and homogenize the laser beams in different directions.
  • a first light combining mirror 106 is provided at the intersection of the blue laser and the green laser, and the first combining mirror transmits the blue laser.
  • Reflecting the green laser and a second combining mirror is provided at the intersection of the combined blue laser, green laser and red laser. The second combining mirror reflects the red laser and transmits the blue and green lasers to combine the three-color laser Output to the light outlet of the light source.
  • the light-emitting surface of the blue laser assembly 110 is disposed facing the light outlet of the light source.
  • the green laser light emitted by the green laser component 120 is reflected by the first light combining mirror 106 and then incident on the second light combining mirror 107.
  • the blue laser light emitted by the blue laser component 110 is transmitted through the first light combining mirror 106 and passes through the first combining mirror 106.
  • the mirror 107 can combine the blue laser and the green laser to output.
  • the output direction of the blue laser and the green laser output through the first combining mirror 106 is perpendicular to the output direction of the red laser emitted by the red laser assembly 130, and has an intersection.
  • a second combination is provided at the intersection of the three beams.
  • the light mirror 107 and the second light combining mirror 107 reflect red laser light and transmit green laser light and blue laser light.
  • the three-color laser beams are combined to form a beam that is incident to the homogenization element 109, and is emitted from the light outlet of the light source after the spot is reduced by the condenser lens group 111.
  • the green laser assembly 120 and the red laser assembly 130 are installed side by side on one side of the light source housing, and the blue laser assembly 110 is on the other side of the light source housing 102.
  • the sides of the two light source housings are in a vertical relationship.
  • the three-color laser components all output rectangular light spots, and they are all installed vertically on the sides of the light source housing along the long side direction of the respective rectangular light spots.
  • the red laser assembly 130 is arranged close to the light exit of the light source.
  • the first light combining mirror 106 is located between the blue laser assembly 110 and the green laser assembly 120, at the intersection of the two.
  • the second light combining mirror 107 is arranged obliquely toward the light emitting surface of the red laser assembly 130, reflects the red laser light, and transmits the blue laser light and the green laser light.
  • the above-mentioned first light combining mirror 106 and the second light combining mirror 107 are arranged approximately in parallel, and are arranged at 45 degrees to the light-emitting surface of the corresponding laser assembly.
  • the first light combining lens 106 and the second light combining lens 107 can be fixed on the bottom surface of the light source housing 102 through the base, and considering the assembly tolerance, the angles of the first light combining lens and the second light combining lens It can also be fine-tuned, such as within plus or minus 3 degrees.
  • the second light combining mirror 107 is arranged close to the converging lens group 111 and combines the three-color laser beams to output to the converging lens group 111.
  • the first light combining mirror and the second light combining mirror are both dichroic plates.
  • the light reflectivity of the first light combining mirror and the second light combining mirror are both greater than their light transmittance.
  • the light reflectivity of the two light combining mirrors can reach 99%, and the transmittance is usually 95%-97%.
  • the three-color laser components provided in this example are all MCL lasers.
  • the MCL laser includes multiple light-emitting chips packaged on a metal substrate. Due to the different light-emitting principles, the light-emitting chips of different colors The luminous power is also different. For example, the luminous power of the green chip is about 1W per chip, while the luminous power of the blue chip is more than 4W per chip.
  • the above-mentioned three-color lasers are arranged with the same number of chips, for example, they all use the package type of 4X6 arrangement, and the overall luminous power is also different.
  • the luminous power of the green laser component is less than that of the red laser component, and it is also less than The luminous power of the blue laser component, the luminous power of the red laser component is less than the luminous power of the blue laser component.
  • the red laser assembly, the blue laser assembly and the green laser assembly adopt the same array of light-emitting chip packages, for example, both are 4 ⁇ 6 arrays.
  • the red laser due to the different emission principles of the red laser, as shown in Figure 7, there will be two light-emitting points at a light-emitting chip, which makes the divergence angle of the red laser in the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction compared to the blue laser and the green laser.
  • the laser must be large.
  • the red laser In the optical transmission process, for the same optical lens, the red laser has a large divergence angle, and the optical lens has a certain light receiving range or has better light processing performance in a certain angle range, so the red laser passes through The longer the optical path or optical path, the more serious the divergence, resulting in the lower the optical processing efficiency of the red laser on the rear optical lens.
  • the luminous power of the red laser component is greater than the luminous power of the green laser
  • the optical loss rate of the red laser is greater than the optical loss rate of the green laser and the blue laser after passing through the same length of light path.
  • the light-emitting surface of the blue laser assembly 110 faces the first light outlet 103 of the light source.
  • the blue laser is output along the light-emitting surface of the blue laser assembly, it passes through twice and passes through the homogenization element. 109 and the condensing lens group 111 then emit from the first light outlet 103.
  • the green laser it will be reflected once, and then transmitted once, and then enter the homogenization element 109 and the converging lens group 111 and exit from the first light outlet 103.
  • the red laser light enters the homogenization element 109 and the condensing lens group 111 after one reflection, and exits the first light outlet 103.
  • the luminous power of the blue laser can be higher, and the human eye's visual function of blue is relatively low. Therefore, the red laser has the shortest path and the lowest transmittance loss through the lens, but the red laser has the largest divergence angle in the transmission optical path, which is easy to lose.
  • the loss of each color laser beam during transmission can be better balanced, so that the power ratio of the three-color laser is close to the preset value, and no obvious imbalance will occur. , It is also conducive to achieve the color ratio and the desired white balance in line with the theoretical design.
  • the three-color laser beams are combined and output from the third light combiner, the light paths experienced by the three lasers are the same, and it is easy to achieve uniform light loss.
  • the above-mentioned lasers are arranged in a flat and long strip shape, which is relatively regular, which is conducive to structural design, and can reserve a regular space for the housing to facilitate the installation of the heat sink.
  • the above-mentioned laser components all use MCL type laser components. Compared with the traditional BANK type laser components, the MCL type laser components have a significantly smaller volume. Therefore, in this embodiment, the light source of the laser projection device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5A , Its structural volume is significantly reduced compared to the traditional BANK-type laser components, so that more space can be reserved near the light source, which provides convenience for heat dissipation design. For example, the placement of radiators and fans will be more convenient. For flexibility, and it is also possible to set up structures such as circuit boards, which is also beneficial to reduce the length of the whole structure in a certain direction, or the volume of the whole machine.
  • the positions of the blue laser assembly and the green laser assembly can also be exchanged.
  • the green laser assembly 120 transmits through the first light combining mirror. 106.
  • the blue laser component 110 is reflected by the first light combining mirror 106.
  • the red laser assembly by placing the red laser assembly close to the light outlet of the light source, and the blue and green lasers respectively pass through the turning light path and merge with the red laser, the light path of the red laser is the shortest, which can reduce the light path of the red laser.
  • Transmission light loss, and the red laser only passes through the reflection of the optical element once, and the blue laser and the green laser pass through multiple transmission and reflection treatments respectively.
  • the blue laser light passes through twice transmission, and the green laser light passes through one transmission and one reflection before output from the light outlet of the light source. Therefore, the red laser has the lowest transmittance loss in optical components.
  • the light source in the above-mentioned laser projection device application embodiment after the three-color laser light is combined by the light combiner, it also passes through the homogenization element and the condensing lens group to homogenize and shrink the beam to facilitate The light collection efficiency and homogenization efficiency of the light receiving element in the rear light machine are improved.
  • the light source 100 further includes a homogenizing element 109 and a converging lens group 111.
  • the homogenization element 109 is disposed between the second light combining lens 107 and the converging lens group 111.
  • the homogenization element may be a diffusion sheet with regularly arranged microstructures, as shown in FIG. 9A.
  • the microstructure of the commonly used diffuser is random and irregular.
  • the homogenization diffuser used in the light source structure uses the regularly arranged microstructure, similar to the principle of the fly-eye lens for beam homogenization, which can reduce the energy of the laser beam The distribution changes from Gaussian to the shape shown in Fig. 9B. As shown in Fig.
  • the energy near the center optical axis of the laser is greatly weakened and becomes gentler, and the divergence angle of the laser beam is also increased, so that the energy is homogenized.
  • the effect is much better than the commonly used diffuser with irregular arrangement of microstructures.
  • the above-mentioned homogenization diffusion sheet can be provided with regularly arranged microstructures on one side or on both sides.
  • the laser beam passes through the condenser lens group to reduce the spot size.
  • the high-energy laser beam is homogenized first, which can reduce the impact on the uneven energy distribution of the back-end components.
  • the homogenization is performed first, and the beam contraction can also reduce the beam spot after contraction. Difficulty of homogenization again.
  • the above-mentioned homogenization element 109 may also be a two-dimensional diffractive element, which can also achieve a better homogenization effect.
  • the convergent lens group includes two convex lenses, such as a biconvex lens and a convex-concave lens combination.
  • the above two lenses are spherical lenses.
  • both aspheric lenses can also be used.
  • the spherical lens has both molding and precision control. It is easier than an aspheric lens, and the cost can also be reduced.
  • the condensing lens group is used to converge the light beam, and the focus of the condensing lens group is set at the light receiving port of the rear light receiving element, that is, the focal plane of the converging lens group is located at the light incident surface of the light receiving element. Improve the light collection efficiency of the light collection element.
  • the converging lens group is located at the first light outlet 103 of the light source housing.
  • the rear lens in the converging lens group or the entire lens group can be installed at the first light outlet 103, and the converging lens group 111 and the housing around the first light outlet 103 are filled with seals, such as sealing rubber band.
  • seals such as sealing rubber band.
  • the light receiving component 250 is a light pipe.
  • the light pipe has a rectangular light entrance surface and a light exit surface.
  • the light pipe serves as both a light receiving part and a homogenizing part.
  • the light incident surface of the light pipe is the focal plane of the convergent lens group 111.
  • the convergent lens group 111 inputs the condensed light beam into the light pipe 250.
  • the light beam undergoes multiple reflections inside the light pipe and emerges from the light exit surface. Since a homogenization diffuser is arranged in the front light path, the homogenization of the light pipe can achieve a better homogenization effect of the three-color mixing and improve the quality of the illumination beam.
  • a diffusion wheel 260 that is, a rotating diffusion sheet, is also provided between the converging lens group 111 and the light receiving part 250.
  • the diffuser wheel 260 is located in the converging light path of the converging lens group 111, and the distance from the wheel surface of the diffuser wheel 260 to the light-incident surface of the light-collecting part 250-light pipe is about 1.5-3 mm.
  • the diffuser wheel can diffuse the convergent beam, increase the divergence angle of the beam, and increase the random phase.
  • the diffuser wheel can be divided into zones, such as the first zone and the second zone.
  • the first zone is used to transmit the red laser
  • the second zone is used to transmit the blue laser.
  • the divergence angle of the first zone is slightly larger than that of the second zone.
  • it can be divided into three regions, corresponding to red laser, green laser, and blue laser respectively.
  • the relationship between the divergence angle of the red laser region is that the red laser region has the largest divergence angle, and the blue laser region diverges The angle is the smallest.
  • the rotation period of the diffuser wheel can be consistent with the period of the light source.
  • the diffuser wheel is a diffuser, its rotation period is not particularly limited.
  • the light pipe has a certain light-receiving angle range. For example, light beams within the range of plus or minus 23 degrees can enter the light pipe and be used by the rear-end illumination light path, while other large-angle light beams become stray light and are blocked, causing light loss.
  • the light exit surface of the diffusion wheel is arranged close to the light entrance surface of the light pipe, which can increase the amount of light that the laser beam is collected into the light pipe after diffusion and improve the light utilization rate.
  • the above-mentioned light receiving member may also be a fly-eye lens member.
  • the homogenization diffuser 109 since the homogenization diffuser 109 is provided in the front optical path, the light source beam is homogenized, is condensed by the condensing lens group 111, and enters the diffuser 260.
  • the laser beam passes through a stationary diffuser and then a moving diffuser. In this way, based on the homogenization of the beam by the stationary diffuser, the laser beam is diffused and homogenized again to enhance the homogenization of the laser beam.
  • the effect is to reduce the energy ratio of the beam near the optical axis of the laser beam, thereby reducing the degree of coherence of the laser beam, and the speckle phenomenon of the projection screen can be greatly improved.
  • the light source beam is incident on the light pipe to receive and homogenize the light.
  • the applicant measured the light spot distribution on the light entrance surface of the light pipe to show a relatively obvious color boundary phenomenon between the inner and outer circles.
  • the convergent spot is circular
  • the outermost circle is red
  • the inward is purple, blue and other concentric circles.
  • Figure 10 Through research, it is found that, as mentioned above, the divergence angle of the fast and slow axis of the red laser assembly is larger than the divergence angle of the blue laser and the green laser due to the different light emitting principles.
  • the three-color laser components are arranged in an array with the same number of chips, and the size is consistent in terms of volume appearance, but due to the characteristics of the red laser itself, this makes the red laser beam's spot size during the transmission process larger than the blue The spot size of laser and green laser.
  • This kind of three-color combined light already exists, and as the transmission distance of the light path increases, its divergence angle increases faster than other lasers of other colors, so that although the three-color combined light will be homogenized, The beam is reduced and may be diffused and homogenized again by the rotating diffuser, but there will always be a larger spot size of the red laser.
  • the test spot on the light entrance surface of the light pipe also showed this phenomenon.
  • the length of the light pipe can be increased to improve the homogenization effect of light mixing, but this will increase the length of the light path and increase the structural volume.
  • a diffuser 108 is provided in the combined light path of the blue laser and the green laser.
  • the blue laser and the green laser are first diverged and then combined with the red laser beam.
  • the diffuser 108 is arranged to enter the optical path between the first light combining mirror 106 and the second light combining mirror 107.
  • stationary diffusers can also be provided for the blue laser and the green laser respectively, for example, in the light paths between the light-emitting surfaces of the two-color laser components and the corresponding light combining mirrors.
  • the blue laser and the green laser can be expanded, for example, set to a diffusion angle of 1 degree to 3 degrees. After passing through the diffuser, the beam expands The blue laser and green laser are combined with the red laser. At this time, the spot size of the three-color laser is the same, and the spot overlap is improved.
  • the three-color spot with a higher degree of coincidence is also conducive to the homogenization and speckle reduction of the subsequent optical path, and the beam quality is improved.
  • the laser light emitted by the laser is linearly polarized light.
  • the red laser, blue laser, and green laser emit in different directions during the resonant cavity oscillation, resulting in linearly polarized red laser, blue laser linearly polarized light, and green laser linearly polarized light.
  • the polarization direction is 90 degrees
  • the red laser is P-ray polarized light
  • the blue laser and green laser are S-ray polarized light.
  • the light source shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5B adopts a red laser component and a blue laser component, and the polarization direction of the green laser component is 90 degrees.
  • the red laser is P light
  • the green laser is S light.
  • the three-color light beam projected and imaged by the laser projection device has different polarization directions.
  • laser projection equipment in order to better restore color and contrast, laser projection equipment usually needs to be matched with a projection screen with higher gain and contrast, such as an optical screen, which can better restore high brightness and high contrast projection images.
  • FIG. 4A is a Fresnel optical screen.
  • the substrate layer 401 Along the incident direction of the projection beam, it includes a substrate layer 401, a diffusion layer 402, a homogeneous medium layer 403, a Fresnel lens layer 404 and a reflection layer 405.
  • the thickness of the Fresnel optical screen is usually between 1 and 2 mm, and the substrate layer 401 occupies the largest proportion of the thickness.
  • the substrate layer also serves as the support layer structure of the entire screen, with a certain light transmittance and hardness.
  • the projection light beam first transmits through the substrate layer 401, then enters the diffusion layer 402, is diffused, and then enters the uniform medium layer 403.
  • the uniform medium layer is a uniform light-transmitting medium, such as the same material as the substrate layer 401.
  • the light beam transmits through the uniform medium layer 403 and enters the Fresnel lens layer 404.
  • the Fresnel lens layer 404 converges and collimates the light beam.
  • the collimated light beam is reflected by the reflective layer and then folds back through the Fresnel lens 404.
  • the uniform medium The layer 403, the diffusion layer 402, and the substrate layer 401 are incident on the eyes of the user.
  • the ultra-short-focus projection screen using the above-mentioned three-color laser light source would have partial color cast, causing "color spots", “color blocks” and other chromaticity unevenness.
  • the reason for this phenomenon is that in the currently used three-color lasers, the polarization directions of the laser beams of different colors are different.
  • the ultra-short-throw projection screen due to the structure of the screen material, it varies With the change of the incident angle of the ultra-short-throw projection beam, the ultra-short-throw projection screen itself will show obvious changes in the transmittance and reflectivity of the beams with different polarization directions.
  • the reflectivity of the projection screen to the red projection beam of the P light type and the reflectivity of the red projection beam of the S light type are different by more than 10%, that is, the ultra-short throw projection screen to the P light
  • the reflectivity is greater than the reflectivity of S light, which will cause more P light to be reflected by the screen and enter the human eye, while the S light reflected by the screen and enter the human eye is relatively reduced.
  • the blue laser assembly and the green laser assembly are arranged adjacent to each other, and a phase retarder is arranged in the output path of the blue laser and the green laser before being incident on the third light combiner, and the blue laser and the green laser are changed.
  • the polarization direction of the red laser is the same as the polarization direction of the red laser, which can solve the color cast phenomenon of the projected image due to the different polarization direction.
  • the phase retarder corresponds to the wavelength of a certain color.
  • the thickness of the crystal growth affects the degree of phase change of the transmitted light beam.
  • the phase retarder is a half-wave plate, also called a ⁇ 1/2 wave plate, which can change the corresponding color
  • the phase of the light beam of the wavelength changes by ⁇ , that is, 180 degrees, and the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees, such as changing P light to S light, or changing S light to P light.
  • the wave plate is a crystal.
  • the crystal has its own optical axis W, which is located in the plane of the wave plate.
  • the wave plate is arranged in the optical path and is perpendicular to the optical axis O of the light source. Therefore, the optical axis W of the wave plate and the light source
  • the optical axes O are perpendicular to each other.
  • a coordinate system is established with the optical axis W of the wave plate, and the coordinate system formed by the P-polarized light along the optical axis W and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis W has components Ex, Ey, where both Ex and Ey can use light waves Formula to express.
  • P light can be regarded as a spatial synthesis of two-dimensional waves of components Ex and Ey.
  • the phase changes by ⁇ , that is, 180 degrees.
  • the phase constants of Ex and Ey all have a change of ⁇ .
  • b0, c0, a0 go through 180 degrees
  • the light waves of the two direction components are superimposed, and the polarization position of the spatial position changes, forming b1, c1, and a1, which become light in the S polarization direction.
  • the above-mentioned changes in the spatial positions of b0, c0, a0 and b1, c1, a1 are only examples.
  • the light originally in the P polarization direction becomes the light in the S polarization direction.
  • the two polarization directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • phase retarders of corresponding wavelengths are respectively arranged in the light exit paths of the blue laser component and the green laser component, and the phase retarder is a half-wave plate.
  • the center wavelength of the blue laser is about 465 nm
  • the center wavelength of the green laser is about 525 nm.
  • the half-wave plate 121 is located in the light path of the blue laser.
  • the half-wave plate 131 is located in the light path of the green laser, which corresponds to the center wavelength setting of the green laser, so that the polarization directions of both the green laser and the blue laser can be changed by 90 degrees. Become P light.
  • the above half-wave plate may be arranged in the cavity of the light source, between the inner side of the light source housing and the light combining lens corresponding to the laser assembly, by arranging a lens on the bottom surface of the light source housing Base to fix the half-wave plate.
  • the half-wave plate may be arranged on the inside of the window opened for the laser assembly on the light source housing, for example, fixed on the inside of the window by means of gluing or a fixing bracket.
  • the half-wave plate can be arranged between the laser assembly and the outside of the window of the light source housing, for example, the half-wave plate is mounted or fixed on the outside of the window, and the laser assembly (including the fixing bracket) is then installed on the outside of the window through the fixing bracket. Bit up.
  • the half-wave plate may be located between the sealing glass and the light-emitting surface of the laser assembly.
  • a supporting table (not shown in the figure) on the front of the transparent window 10211 of the fixing bracket of the laser assembly, and the half-wave plate 140 can be fixed on the supporting table by glue
  • On the platform there is a receiving groove around the supporting platform for receiving the first sealing member 1051.
  • 5C-2 shows a schematic diagram of the half-wave plate installed on the front side of the fixed bracket, where the half-wave plate 140 is installed at the position of the light-transmitting window 10211 of the fixed bracket, and is fixed by dispensing glue around the glue groove.
  • the length and width ranges of the half-wave plate 140 are 25-30 mm and 21-28 mm, respectively; the length and width ranges of the light-transmitting window of the fixing bracket are 20-24 mm and 18-20 mm, respectively.
  • the half-wave plate is selected 30mm*28mm, the size of the light transmission window is 24mm*20mm.
  • the MCL laser assembly installed on the fixing bracket, together with the fixing bracket 104, are installed on the installation position of the window 1021 of the light source housing 102.
  • the light source The installation position of the window 1021 of the housing is also provided with a second receiving groove for receiving the second sealing member 1052, and the sealing glass 105 is sandwiched by the first sealing member 1051 and the second sealing member 1052 on the laser assembly.
  • half-wave plates of corresponding colors are installed on the fixing brackets of the blue laser assembly and the green laser assembly, so that after passing through the corresponding half-wave plates, the polarization of the light beam changes by 90 degrees.
  • the green laser light is already P light when it enters the first light combining mirror
  • the blue laser light is already P light when it enters the first light combining mirror, so the blue laser and green laser light are combined through the first light combining mirror and output
  • the light beams are all P-light polarized light, which is the same as the polarization direction of the red laser.
  • the second light combiner combines the three-color light beams with the same polarization direction to output the light, and then after homogenization, beam reduction, etc., enter the light path of the optical machine illumination , It enters the lens through the DMD reflection, and is projected on the screen by the lens to form an image. Due to the same polarization direction of the three colors, the phenomenon of uneven chromaticity such as "color spots" and "color blocks” in the projected image can be eliminated or greatly alleviated.
  • the blue laser and the green laser are combined first and then combined with the red laser.
  • the half-wave plate can also be set after the blue laser and the green laser are combined and In the optical path before combining with the red laser.
  • FIG. 12B another schematic diagram of the principle of the optical path of the light source is provided.
  • the half-wave plate 141 may be arranged between the first light combining lens 106 and the second light combining lens 107, and the transmission is from the first combining lens.
  • the combined light beam of the blue laser light and the green laser light emitted from the light mirror 106.
  • the green laser and the blue laser respectively output S polarized light
  • the green S light enters the first light combining mirror 106 and is reflected
  • the blue S light enters the first light combining mirror 106 and is transmitted.
  • a light combining mirror 106 combines the blue laser and the green laser, which are both S light, through the half-wave plate 141.
  • the half-wave plate 141 changes the polarization direction of the green laser and the blue laser, and then enters the second light combining mirror. 107.
  • the half-wave plate 141 can be set for the wavelength of one of the colors, for example, for the wavelength of the green laser. After the green laser passes through the half-wave plate, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees, changing from the original S light to P Light. After the blue laser passes through the half-wave plate, since the wavelength of the half-wave plate does not correspond to the blue wavelength, the polarization direction of the blue laser is not 90 degrees, but it is close to the P polarization direction, because the human eye has a relatively high visual function for blue. Low, low sensitivity to blue, visual discomfort when there is a color cast, such as red and green more obvious.
  • the half-wave plate 141 can also be set for the middle value of the blue and green center wavelengths, so that the polarization direction of the green laser and the blue laser are not 90 degrees, but both are close to 90 degrees, although the blue laser and the green laser
  • the laser is not deflected from S light to P light, but it is not the original S light polarization state. It can also improve the consistency of the light processing process of the three primary colors of red, green and blue in the entire system, and improve the appearance of local areas on the projection screen. Technical problems of uneven chromaticity such as "color spots" and "color blocks" are not repeated here.
  • the half-wave plate 141 may be fixed by a fixing base provided on the bottom surface of the light source housing.
  • FIG. 12D Based on the schematic diagram of the optical path of the light source shown in FIG. 12B, a schematic diagram of the optical principle of a laser projection device can be shown in FIG. 12D, and its working process is referred to the foregoing, and will not be repeated. It should be noted that, in the optical principle diagram shown in FIG. 12D, a half-wave plate 141 is provided in the combined light path of the blue laser and the green laser. Here, a diffuser 108 may be provided, or the diffuser 108 may not be provided. . And, in the example in this figure, the arrangement relationship of the blue laser components and the green laser components is not limited.
  • half-wave plate arrangement shown in FIGS. 12B and 12D is also applicable to the optical path architecture provided by the optical path schematic diagrams shown in FIGS. 5G, 5H, 8A or 8B. Its working principle is the same as above and will not be repeated.
  • the same optical lens has the same transmittance for P light and S light of different wavelengths, and the reflectance for P light and S light is also equivalent.
  • the optical lens here includes various optical lenses in the entire laser projection device, such as a convergent lens group, a lens group in the illumination light path in the optical machine part, and a refractive lens group in the lens part. Therefore, when the light beam emitted by the laser light source passes through the entire projection optical system, this difference in transmission and reflection is the result of the superposition of the entire system and will be more obvious.
  • the primary color light is polarized light of P light and S light, whether it is the optical lens of the optical system or the projection screen
  • their selective transmission of P light and S light is more obvious.
  • the transmittance of the projection screen to P light red light
  • S light green and blue light
  • the problem of uneven chroma is the phenomenon of "color spots" and "color blocks” on the screen.
  • the blue laser and the green laser can be targeted.
  • the polarization direction of both the color laser and the green laser can be changed by 90 degrees.
  • the polarization direction of the S light is changed to the polarization direction of the P light, which is consistent with the polarization direction of the red laser.
  • the transmittance of the blue laser and green laser that become P-polarized light in the optical lens is equivalent to the transmittance of the red laser that is P light, and the consistency of the light processing process is close , And the difference in reflectivity of the projection screen to the three-color laser is also reduced, and the entire projection system has improved the consistency of the light processing process of the three-color primary light, which can fundamentally eliminate the "color spots" and "colors" in the local area on the projection screen.
  • the color cast phenomenon of “block” improves the display quality of the projection screen.
  • the polarization direction of either the green laser or the blue laser can be changed by 90 degrees, or the polarization direction of the two colors of laser All changes are not 90 degrees, but they are all close to 90 degrees. It can also reduce the polarization difference with the red laser P light. Based on the above principle, it can also improve the consistency of the light processing process of the three primary colors of red, green and blue in the entire system, and can improve the "color" in the local area on the projection screen. Technical problems such as uneven chromaticity, such as “spots” and “color blocks”.
  • the transmittance of the optical lens to P-polarized light in the optical system is generally greater than the transmittance of S-polarized light
  • the projection screen used in this example also has a greater reflectivity for P-polarized light than for S-polarized light. Reflectivity, therefore, by converting the S-polarized blue laser and green laser into P-polarized light, so that the red, green, and blue lasers are all P light, and the light transmission efficiency of the projection beam in the entire system can be improved. It can increase the brightness of the entire projection screen and improve the quality of the projection screen.
  • the present embodiment provides a laser projection device that uses the light source unit as shown in FIG. 12C.
  • a half-wave plate corresponding to the red wavelength is provided before the red laser beam is combined with the blue and green laser beams.
  • the half-wave plate 151 is arranged between the red laser assembly 110 and the second light combining mirror 107.
  • the half-wave plate can be arranged in the inner cavity of the light source, in the light path between the inner side of the light source housing and the third light combining mirror, and the half-wave plate can be fixed by setting a lens base on the bottom surface of the light source housing.
  • the half-wave plate can be arranged on the inside of the window opened for the red laser assembly on the light source housing, for example, fixed on the inside of the window by means of glue or a fixing bracket.
  • the half-wave plate can be arranged between the red laser assembly and the outside of the window of the light source housing, for example, the half-wave plate is mounted or fixed on the outside of the window, and the laser assembly (including the fixing bracket) is then installed on the outside of the window through the fixing bracket. Installation position.
  • the half-wave plate may be located between the sealing glass and the light-emitting surface of the laser assembly.
  • the specific installation method can also refer to the introduction of FIG. 5E-2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the half-wave plate 151 corresponds to the wavelength setting of the red laser. Similarly, the polarization direction of the red laser can be rotated by 90 degrees through the half-wave plate, and the red laser changes from P-polarized light to S-polarized light.
  • the red laser that was originally P-polarized light is converted into S-polarized light, which is consistent with the polarization directions of the blue laser and green laser, so that the three-color light of the system is
  • the polarization direction is the same, referring to the principle description of the foregoing embodiment, the transmittance of the projection optical system to the red laser, blue laser, and green laser of the same S-polarized light is smaller than that of polarized light in different polarization directions, and the difference is very short.
  • the reflectivity of the focal projection screen to the three-color light of the same S-polarized light is also basically the same, so that the light processing consistency of each primary color is improved, and the "color spots" and "color blocks” in the projection screen can be eliminated or improved. Homogeneous phenomenon.
  • the laser light-emitting surface is rectangular.
  • the phase retarder is correspondingly arranged in the light output path of one color or two colors, and its shape is also rectangular, wherein the laser rectangular light-emitting area The long side and the short side are respectively parallel to the long side and the short side of the rectangular light-receiving area of the phase retarder.
  • optical lenses such as lenses and prisms
  • Optical lenses form internal stress during the manufacturing process. This internal stress is released with temperature changes, resulting in stress double Refraction, and this kind of stress birefringence will cause different phase delays for beams of different wavelengths, which can be regarded as secondary phase delays. Therefore, in the actual optical path, the phase change of the beam is based on the superimposed effect of the stress birefringence of the half-wave plate and the optical lens, and the inherent retardation caused by this optical lens will vary according to the system design.
  • the half-wave plate has an optical axis in the plane where the flat plate is located.
  • the optical axis W of the half-wave plate is spatially perpendicular to the optical axis O of the system, and the optical axis of the half-wave plate is parallel to the length of the half-wave plate. Side or short side.
  • the half-wave plate is set as follows: along the long or short side of the rectangular half-wave plate, the half-wave plate is rotated at a preset angle, such as C degrees, such as The dotted line in the figure shows.
  • the optical axis of the half-wave plate is also deflected by plus or minus C degrees, so that the phase of the beam is changed to about 180 degrees ⁇ 2C degrees, and then superimposed with the secondary phase delay of the system optical lens , Finally make the polarization direction of the beam change about 90 degrees, which is close to the theoretical design value.
  • C may take the value 10.
  • the corresponding transmission is changed.
  • the polarization direction of the light of the past one or two colors is consistent with the polarization direction of other colors.
  • the polarization of the three primary colors output by the laser projection device is the same, so that the laser beam emitted by the light source of the laser projection device passes through the same.
  • the red laser is used as P light
  • blue and green lasers are examples of S light, and are not limited to this combination of P light and S light.
  • Those skilled in the art can combine the color and polarization direction of the actual light beam with the embodiment of the application.
  • the core principles of the company are adaptively changed, and the above-mentioned changes should also be within the scope of protection of this application.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de projection laser, comprenant un boîtier de machine complet, une source de lumière, une machine optique et une lentille, la source de lumière comprenant un ensemble dispositif laser rouge et un ensemble dispositif laser vert qui sont installés en parallèle, et un ensemble dispositif laser bleu disposé de façon perpendiculaire à l'ensemble dispositif laser rouge et à l'ensemble dispositif laser vert ; un premier miroir de combinaison de lumière est disposé à une position où la lumière laser bleue croise la lumière laser verte, et le premier miroir de combinaison de lumière transmet la lumière laser bleue et réfléchit la lumière laser verte ; et un second miroir de combinaison de lumière est disposé à une position où les lumières laser bleue et laser verte combinées croisent la lumière laser rouge, et le second miroir de combinaison de lumière réfléchit la lumière laser rouge et transmet la lumière laser bleue et la lumière laser verte, et il délivre la lumière laser à trois couleurs vers une sortie de lumière de la source de lumière. L'appareil de projection laser présente une faible perte de lumière en ce qui concerne la lumière laser rouge, ce qui permet de maintenir le rapport de puissance ou le rapport de couleur du faisceau laser à trois couleurs. L'appareil de projection laser peut présenter une image de projection avec une luminosité élevée et une bonne couleur.
PCT/CN2019/103676 2019-06-20 2019-08-30 Appareil de projection laser WO2020252933A1 (fr)

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CN113075843B (zh) * 2020-12-23 2022-12-27 深圳市安华光电技术有限公司 一种投影光机及投影仪
CN113359379B (zh) * 2021-06-18 2023-11-21 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 光源组件及投影设备
CN113485065A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-08 合肥全色光显科技有限公司 一种投影系统
CN113568264A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-10-29 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 光源组件和投影设备
WO2023020595A1 (fr) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 Dispositif laser et dispositif de projection laser
CN113625523B (zh) * 2021-08-18 2022-11-04 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 一种激光器和激光投影系统
CN117882004A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2024-04-12 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 光源及激光投影设备
TWI823539B (zh) * 2022-08-29 2023-11-21 中強光電股份有限公司 投影裝置

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