WO2020252850A1

WO2020252850A1 - Power battery pack and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2020252850A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/097519
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孙华军; 朱燕; 任正华; 唐江龙
Original assignee: 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-06-21
Filing date: 2019-07-24
Publication date: 2020-12-24
Also published as: CN110190228A; CN213026305U

Abstract

The present application discloses a power battery pack and a vehicle. The power battery pack comprises: a tray and an upper cover, the upper cover being connected to the tray so as to define a cell accommodation cavity; and a plurality of cells, the cells being mounted within the cell accommodation cavity, and a heat-conducting and electrically-insulating layer being provided between the cells and the upper cover. The upper cover comprises a heat-conducting plate. The power battery pack in the present application has a simple structure, a low assembly cost, a high energy density, and a strong heat dissipation capability, and does not need to consume the cooling capacity of the entire vehicle during heat dissipation.

Description

Power battery pack and vehicle

Cross references to related applications

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application number "201910544987.6" filed by BYD Co., Ltd. on June 21, 2019, entitled "Power Battery Packs and Vehicles".

Technical field

This application belongs to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing, and in particular relates to a power battery pack and a vehicle.

Background technique

The temperature distribution of the power battery pack has a great influence on its life and endurance. In related technologies, the thermal management system of the power battery pack usually includes air-cooled and liquid-cooled.

For the air-cooled thermal management system, due to the need to add fans, air ducts and other equipment, the design difficulty is also increased, so it is not conducive to light weight and compactness, and the operation of the fan consumes the power of the power battery pack, which affects the endurance of the vehicle.

For the liquid-cooled thermal management system, due to the coolant circulating in the thermal management system, once the coolant leaks, it will harm the battery inside the battery pack, thereby affecting the performance of the battery, and due to the need to add liquid cooling pipes and other components, Not only does it increase the difficulty of the process, it is also not conducive to lightweight and compactness. At the same time, the liquid-cooled thermal management system itself has a certain energy consumption, which increases the burden on the power battery and affects the battery life.

Summary of the invention

The power battery pack in the related art, because multiple single cells are first assembled on the module frame to form a battery module, and then installed in the battery pack shell, the module frame occupies a lot of installation space in the battery pack shell Partly, it reduces the utilization efficiency of the installation space included in the battery pack, reduces the number of single cells in the battery pack, and affects the battery capacity of the battery pack. In addition, due to the unevenness of the outer shape of the module frame, it is difficult for the single cells to be closely arranged in the battery pack, which reduces the utilization of the installation space in the battery pack.

This application proposes a power battery pack in which a plurality of single cells are directly installed in the battery pack shell, which reduces the use of the module frame. Therefore, the utilization of the installation space in the battery pack shell is improved, the number of single batteries installed in the battery pack shell increases, the battery capacity of the power battery pack is increased, and the endurance capability is improved.

Since the use of the module frame is reduced, the number of components and the assembly process are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

This application proposes a power battery pack, including: a tray and an upper cover, the upper cover is connected with the tray to define a single battery accommodating cavity; a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries are installed in the single In the body battery accommodating cavity, a thermally conductive insulating layer is provided between the single battery and the upper cover; the upper cover includes a thermally conductive plate.

The power battery pack of the present application has a simple structure, low assembly cost, high energy density, and strong heat dissipation capacity, and does not need to consume the cooling capacity of the entire vehicle during heat dissipation.

The application also proposes a vehicle with the above-mentioned power battery pack.

The vehicle and the aforementioned power battery pack have the same advantages over the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, and some will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a top view of the power battery pack on the upper cover side according to an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view at C-C in Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of D in Figure 5;

7 is a schematic diagram of the cooling principle when the power battery pack is installed in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the single cells in the power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the single cells in the power battery pack arranged on the tray according to the embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs:

Vehicle 1000,

Power battery pack 100,

Battery pack housing 110, tray 111, upper cover 112, heat conduction plate 1121, heat conduction fins 1122, air passage 1123, single battery 120, heat conduction insulation layer 130, end plate 140, chassis 200, fixed surface 210, ventilation duct 220 .

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the application, but should not be understood as a limitation to the application.

The power battery pack 100 according to the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

Unless otherwise specified, the front-rear direction in this application is the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1000, that is, the X direction; the left-right direction is the lateral direction of the vehicle 1000, that is, the Y direction; and the vertical direction is the vertical direction of the vehicle 1000, that is, the Z direction.

The power battery pack 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a tray 111, an upper cover 112, and a plurality of single batteries 120.

Wherein, the upper cover 112 is connected with the tray 111 to define a single battery accommodating cavity, a plurality of single batteries 120 are installed in the single battery accommodating cavity, and a thermally conductive insulating layer 130 is provided between the single battery 120 and the upper cover 112, The upper cover 112 includes a heat conducting plate 1121.

It should be noted that in the power battery pack 100 proposed in this application, a plurality of single batteries 120 are directly installed in the single battery accommodating cavity, which reduces the use of the module frame.

Since the single battery 120 is directly installed in the battery pack housing 110, the use of the module frame is reduced. Therefore, the installation space utilization in the battery pack housing 110 is improved, and the number of the single batteries 120 installed in the battery pack housing 110 is increased. The battery capacity of the power battery pack 100 is increased, and the endurance is improved.

In addition, due to the reduction in the use of the module frame, the single cells 120 can be more closely arranged in the battery pack housing 110, which improves the installation space utilization in the battery pack housing 110 and increases the number of single batteries 120.

As the use frame of the module frame is reduced, the number of components and the assembly process are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The tray 111 and the upper cover 112 are used to protect the internal single battery 120, and the upper cover 112 can also have a heat dissipation effect. The battery pack shell 110 can be made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, including but not limited to aluminum, Copper and its alloys.

After the power battery pack 100 is installed in the entire vehicle, the upper cover 112 can be directly cooled by natural wind during the running of the vehicle 1000, so as to realize natural convection to cool the internal single battery 120. The thermally conductive insulating layer 130 may be disposed on the surface of the single battery 120 close to the upper cover 112, so as to increase the effective heat dissipation area between the single battery 120 and the upper cover 112.

In the power battery pack 100 described in this application, the heat conduction path from the single battery 120 to the upper cover 112 is short, so that the upper cover 112 can be used for thermal management, and the upper cover 112 is away from the road surface, which can prevent stones and bumps on the road surface. The upper cover 112 for heat dissipation is damaged.

That is to say, by combining the structure of the power battery pack 100 with the direct cooling type thermal management structure of the upper cover 112 in the present application, high battery capacity and strong heat dissipation capacity of the power battery pack 100 can be realized, and the structure of the entire power battery pack 100 is simple. , No need to add additional thermal management structure and no energy consumption to cooperate with the whole vehicle.

The power battery pack 100 of the present application has a simple structure, low assembly cost, high energy density, and strong heat dissipation capacity, and does not need to consume the cooling capacity of the entire vehicle during heat dissipation.

As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the single battery 120 is a rectangular battery with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and has a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D. The thickness of the battery is arranged in the D direction. In this way, a high-density single battery arrangement can be realized in the single battery accommodating cavity, and each single battery has a surface for dissipating heat from the upper cover 112. As shown in FIG. 8, the outermost two single cells 120 along the thickness D direction of the single cell 120 may be equipped with end plates 140, and the single cells 120 may be connected to the tray 111 through the end plates 140.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the power battery pack 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a battery pack housing 110 and a plurality of single cells 120.

The battery pack shell 110 is made of metal material, and the single cells 120 are installed in the battery pack shell 110. Each single cell 120 has a battery shell, a battery cell arranged in the battery shell, and a battery connected to the battery core and extending The lead-out terminal of the casing, the battery pack casing 110 is filled with a thermally conductive insulating layer 130, and the thermally conductive insulating layer 130 wraps the single battery 120.

It should be noted that in the power battery pack 100 proposed in the present application, a plurality of single batteries 120 are directly installed in the battery pack housing 110, which reduces the use of the module frame.

In the power battery pack 100 proposed in this application, a plurality of single cells 120 are arranged side by side along the thickness direction of the single cells 120.

The battery pack housing 110 of metal material is used to protect the internal single cells 120 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can achieve the effect of heat dissipation. The battery pack housing 110 can be made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, including but not Limited to aluminum, copper and their alloys.

In actual implementation, the battery pack housing 110 may be made of aluminum alloy material, which has good thermal conductivity, low density, light weight, and low price.

The thermally conductive insulating layer 130 filled in the battery pack housing 110 can prevent the single battery 120 from being connected to the battery pack housing 110, and can also increase the contact area between the single battery 120 and the battery pack housing 110, and play a role in heat conduction.

In actual implementation, the thermally conductive insulating layer 130 may be thermally conductive silica gel. The thermally conductive silica gel has good insulation and thermal conductivity. The thermally conductive silica gel can conduct the heat of the single battery 120 to the battery pack housing 110 in time, and the thermally conductive silica gel is also With a certain degree of viscosity, the single battery 120 can be bonded to the battery pack housing 110 through thermally conductive silica gel, so that the single battery 120 is fixed by the thermally conductive insulating layer 130.

After the power battery pack 100 is installed in the entire vehicle, the battery pack housing 110 can be directly cooled by the natural wind during the running of the vehicle 1000, so as to realize natural convection to cool the internal single battery 120.

On the other hand, in the power battery pack 100 described in the present application, the heat conduction path from the single battery 120 to the battery pack housing 110 is short, so that thermal management can be performed by the battery pack housing 110 itself.

That is to say, by combining the structure of the power battery pack 100 described in the present application with the direct-cooling thermal management structure of the battery pack housing 110, the high battery capacity and strong heat dissipation capacity of the power battery pack 100 can be realized, and the entire power battery pack The structure of the 100 is simple, no additional thermal management structure is required to cooperate with the vehicle, and no energy consumption.

The power battery pack 100 of the present application has a simple structure, low assembly cost, high energy density, and strong heat dissipation capacity, and does not need to consume the cooling capacity of the entire vehicle when dissipating heat.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack housing 110 includes a tray 111 and an upper cover 112.

The tray 111 includes a side frame and a bottom plate. In actual implementation, the side frame is a square frame, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the side frame. In some embodiments, the bottom plate and the bottom surface of the side frame are fixedly connected by welding. A thermally conductive insulating layer 130 may be disposed between the single battery 120 and the bottom plate, and the thermally conductive insulating layer 130 is disposed on a surface of the single battery 120 close to the bottom plate. In this way, the actual heat conduction area between the lower surface of the single battery 120 and the bottom plate can be increased, and the bottom plate can also have a heat dissipation effect.

The upper cover 112 and the bottom plate may both be made of aluminum alloy materials. Aluminum alloy material has good thermal conductivity, low density, light weight, and low price.

In actual implementation, the single battery 120 can be supported on the side frame of the tray 111, and the lower surface of the single battery 120 is spaced apart from the bottom plate of the tray 111, so that the rigidity and strength are far greater than the side frame of the bottom plate. And the thermally conductive insulating layer 130 may be sandwiched between the single cell 120 and the bottom plate.

The upper cover 112 is connected with the tray 111 to define a single battery accommodating cavity, and the single battery 120 is installed in the single battery accommodating cavity. In actual implementation, the upper cover 112 is connected with the upper end of the side frame to seal the recessed cavity of the tray 111.

The tray 111 and the upper cover 112 are connected by a screw connection, or the tray 111 and the upper cover 112 are connected by glue, or the tray 111 and the upper cover 112 are connected by a screw connection and glue. In actual implementation, glue is sandwiched between the upper end of the tray 111 and the lower surface of the upper cover 112 to achieve sealing and preliminary connection. The threaded connector is arranged on the outer ring of the glue to reinforce the tray 111 and the upper cover 112. the connection between.

As shown in Figures 2, 4 and 6, the upper cover 112 includes a thermally conductive plate 1121 and a thermally conductive fin 1122. The thermally conductive plate 1121 is connected to the tray 111 to define a single battery accommodating cavity. The thermal conductive plate 1121 and the single battery 120 A thermally conductive insulating layer 130 is interposed therebetween, and the thermally conductive fin 1122 is provided on the surface of the thermally conductive plate 1121 that faces away from the single cell 120.

The heat conduction plate 1121 is used to seal the single cell accommodating cavity, and the heat of the single cell 120 can be conducted to the heat conduction plate 1121 through the heat conduction insulating layer 130, and the heat conduction fins 1122 are used to increase the heat dissipation area of the upper cover 112 to increase the heat conduction plate 1121 The efficiency of heat transfer with the single cell 120.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, there are multiple thermally conductive fins 1122, and the multiple thermally conductive fins 1122 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, and an air passage 1123 is defined between two adjacent thermally conductive fins 1122. After the power battery pack 100 is installed in the entire vehicle, the extension direction of the heat conducting fins 1122 is the X direction, so that during the formation of the vehicle 1000, the cooling air along the X direction can pass through the air passage 1123 between the heat conducting fins 1122, Realize efficient heat dissipation.

The application also discloses a vehicle 1000.

The vehicle 1000 of the embodiment of the present application has the power battery pack 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments.

The vehicle 1000 in the embodiment of the present application may be an electric vehicle 1000, including an electric passenger car or an electric bus.

In some embodiments, at least part of the surface of the power battery pack 100 is exposed to the outside of the vehicle 1000. In this way, the power battery pack 100 has a large contact area with the external natural wind, and the overall heat dissipation effect is good.

In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the chassis 200 of the vehicle 1000 has a U-shaped bottom plate, the front and rear ends of the bottom plate are open, the power battery pack 100 is installed on the bottom plate, and the upper surface of the power battery pack 100 is The fixed surfaces 210 are spaced apart to form an air passage 220.

In actual implementation, the bottom plate, the power battery pack 100, and the upper fixing surface 210 may be connected by threaded fasteners. There is no baffle at both ends of the bottom plate in the X direction, so that natural wind will blow through the ventilation duct 220 above the power battery pack 100 during the running of the vehicle 1000, and forced convection is used to reduce the temperature of the battery pack.

In this way, the lower bottom plate can protect the power battery pack 100, prevent hard objects on the road or splashing stones from damaging the power battery pack 100, and the upper natural wind can form good heat dissipation for the upper cover 112.

In this embodiment, the upper cover 112 of the power battery pack 100 includes a thermally conductive plate 1121 and a thermally conductive fin 1122. The thermally conductive plate 1121 is connected to the tray 111 to define a single battery accommodating cavity, and the thermal conductive plate 1121 and the single battery 120 are between A thermally conductive insulating layer 130 is sandwiched, and the thermally conductive fin 1122 is provided on the surface of the thermally conductive plate 1121 away from the single cell 120.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " "Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply the pointed device or element It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In this application, unless expressly stipulated and defined otherwise, the “on” or “under” of the first feature on the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirectly through an intermediary. contact. Moreover, the "above", "above" and "above" of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature. The "below", "below" and "beneath" the first feature of the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean specific features described in conjunction with the embodiment or example , The structure, materials, or characteristics are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples and the features of the different embodiments or examples described in this specification without contradicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can comment on the foregoing within the scope of the present application. The embodiment undergoes changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications.

Claims

A power battery pack (100), characterized in that it comprises:

A tray (111) and an upper cover (112), the upper cover (112) is connected with the tray (111) to define a single battery accommodating cavity;

A plurality of single batteries (120), the single battery (120) is installed in the single battery accommodating cavity, and a thermally conductive insulation is provided between the single battery (120) and the upper cover (112) Layer (130);

The upper cover (112) includes a heat conducting plate (1121).
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 1, wherein the single battery (120) is a rectangular battery with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and has a length, a thickness, and a height between the length and the thickness. A plurality of the single cells (120) are arranged along the thickness direction of the single cells.
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive insulating layer (130) is disposed on a surface of the single battery (120) close to the upper cover (112).
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the heat conducting plate (1121) facing away from the single battery (120) is provided with a heat conducting fin (1122).
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that there are a plurality of said thermally conductive fins (1122), and the plurality of said thermally conductive fins (1122) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, adjacent An air passage (1123) is defined between the two heat conducting fins (1122).
The power battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the tray (111) comprises a bottom plate and a side frame, between the single battery (120) and the bottom plate A thermally conductive insulating layer (130) is provided.
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 6, wherein the thermally conductive insulating layer (130) is disposed on a surface of the single cell (120) close to the bottom plate.
The power battery pack (100) according to claim 6, wherein the upper cover (112) and the bottom plate are both made of aluminum alloy material.
The power battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the tray (111) and the upper cover (112) are connected by a threaded connection, or the tray (111) ) And the upper cover (112) are connected by glue, or the tray (111) and the upper cover (112) are connected by a screw connection and glue.
The power battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermally conductive insulating layer (130) is thermally conductive silica gel.
A vehicle (1000), characterized by having the power battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 1-10.
The vehicle (1000) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least part of the surface of the power battery pack (100) is exposed to the outside of the vehicle (1000).
The vehicle (1000) according to claim 12, characterized in that the chassis (200) of the vehicle (1000) has a U-shaped bottom plate, the front and rear ends of the bottom plate are open, and the power battery pack (100) ) Is installed on the bottom plate, and the upper surface of the power battery pack (100) is spaced from the upper fixing surface (210) to form a ventilation duct (220).