WO2020249793A1

WO2020249793A1 - Device for monitoring the condition of a substrate and associated systems and methods

Info

Publication number: WO2020249793A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/066393
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rémo STELLA; Michael BALZAN DEMAJO
Original assignee: M3S Industry Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-12
Filing date: 2020-06-12
Publication date: 2020-12-17
Also published as: FR3097324B1; FR3097324A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (10) for monitoring the condition of a substrate, the device being suitable for being attached to a surface of the substrate, the device comprising a detection layer (101) comprising a pattern (102) printed in an electrically conductive ink, the pattern being suitable for being connected to a measuring means in order to detect a change in the pattern resulting from a change in the surface of the substrate.

Description

SUPPORT STATUS CONTROL DEVICE AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of a medium and an associated system. The invention further relates to a method of monitoring the condition of a medium, a method of manufacturing such a device or such a system, and an associated manufacturing element and manufacturing system.

STATE OF THE ART

Supports, such as walls or pillars or others, are used in structures or infrastructures with multiple uses and are susceptible to deterioration leading to defects, incidents, which can affect the function of the supports and / or structures. associated and / or associated infrastructures.

The support is for example the wall of a reservoir of liquid, for example water, for example drinking water, waste water, or chemicals, such as petroleum products.

From the state of the art, devices and system for detecting a defect or indicating a support that can harm the function of the support and / or the associated structure and / or the associated infrastructure are known.

A system for detecting a defect in a tank is thus known in which two walls are separated by an interstitial space occupied by a gas, for example air, and / or a vacuum. The system can measure and / or control the pressure within the interstitial space, for example a pressure gauge. When the inner wall leaks, the value of the pressure of the interstitial space changes. This is particularly the case when liquid is flowing into the interstitial space, which involves an increase in pressure that can be detected by the system. However, such a system does not make it possible to locate the leak precisely and potentially involves pollution of the interstitial space, and therefore the need for reconstruction of the walls in the event of a leak.

Another system for detecting a defect in a tank is also known which differs from the previous one in that the space between the two walls is filled with liquid. A leak then implies that the liquid in question escapes and can be detected as such, and / or a decrease in internal pressure which can also be measured. Another system is also known for detecting a defect in a tank in which two walls are separated by an interstitial space. The system comprises a sensor, for example an electrical detector in a lower part of the space, so as to detect the possible presence of a liquid. This system has the same flaws.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

One aim of the invention is to overcome at least one of these shortcomings. One aim of the invention is in particular to allow localization of a defect in a wall.

To this end, there is proposed a device for monitoring the state of a support, the device being adapted to be fixed to a surface of the support, the device comprising a detection layer comprising a pattern printed in an electrically conductive ink, the pattern being adapted to be connected to a measuring means for detecting a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

The device may include the following characteristics, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combinations:

- the ink is a dispersible ink,

- the support is a wall of a liquid storage container, the modification of the surface includes a defect in the wall, and the ink is dispersible in the liquid,

- the pattern comprises a series of sinuosities forming a conductive electric loop,

- the ink comprises a dispersant and conductive pigments, the conductive pigments comprising, for example, lamellar particles of glass coated with silver,

- the detection layer comprises a support layer at which the pattern is printed, the support layer comprising a textile, for example polyester, the support layer being for example embedded in a resin,

the device forms a plate adapted to be assembled with other plates formed by such devices, so as to cover at least part of the surface of the support, the detection layer comprising for example a plurality of patterns printed in an ink electrically conductive, each pattern being for example adapted to be connected to an electrical sensor, for example electronic, dedicated to detect a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

The invention also relates to a system for monitoring the condition of a medium (20), the system comprising:

- a plurality of such devices, the devices being fixed on a surface of the support, - detection means, the pattern of each device being connected to the detection means, the detection means being adapted to detect a modification of one of the patterns resulting from a modification of the surface of the support, and to identify the pattern modified among the reasons.

The system may include the following characteristics, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combinations:

the detection means comprise measuring means, for example electrical, for example sensors, the pattern of each device being connected to one of the measuring means, the measuring means being combined in groups, the measuring means d 'a same group being electrically connected in series with each other,

- each device forms a strip, the strips being assembled to each other, so as to cover at least part of the surface of the support, the detection layer of each strip comprising a plurality of patterns printed in an electrically conductive ink, each pattern being adapted to be connected to a dedicated measuring means for detecting a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

The invention also relates to a method for monitoring the state of a support, the method being implemented by means of such a system, the method comprising the steps of:

- modification of the surface of the support so as to modify one of the patterns,

detection of the modification of the modified pattern by the detection means.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a device or such a system, comprising a step of forming a pattern (s) on a support layer, comprising a step of printing by at least one roller of a plurality of identical impressions, and a step of removing one or more part (s) of the impressions, so as to form the pattern, the pattern forming a conductive electric loop.

The manufacturing process may include the following characteristics, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combinations:

- the series of prints includes at least one or more pairs of tracks, each pair of tracks being electrically connected by a section, the removal step includes removing at least one of the section (s),

- each print is arranged around a central print trench, each print comprising connection sections interrupting the central print trench, the central print trenches being separated from each other by one or more of the connection sections, the step of removing comprising the removal of the connection section or sections separating at least two of the central trenches from each other, so as to form at least one central pattern trench comprising at least two of the central printing trenches, and so that, for each central pattern trench, at the end of the step of forming the pattern (s), one of the pattern (s) forms around of the central pattern trench an electric loop, - the prints comprise one or more connecting sections electrically connecting the prints together, the step of removing comprising the removal of one or more of the connecting sections, so as to form several separate electrical loops.

The invention also relates to an element or system for manufacturing such a device, for implementing such a manufacturing process, comprising or being formed by a roll having a shape on its periphery adapted to allow the printing of the plurality of 'identical impressions, so as to form, after removing one or more part (s) of the impressions, the pattern, the pattern forming a conductive electric loop.

DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

Other characteristics, aims and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely illustrative and not limiting, and which should be read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a device according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an example of a detection layer of the device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an example of a system according to one embodiment of the invention.

Figure 4 schematically illustrates an example of a system according to another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an example of a device of the system of FIG. 3 or 4.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates another example of a device of the system of FIG. 3 or 4. Figure 7 schematically illustrates yet another one example of a device of the system of Figure 3 or 4.

Figure 8 schematically illustrates yet another example of a device of the system of Figure 3 or 4.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates yet another example of a device of the system of FIG. 3 or 4.

Figure 10 schematically illustrates yet another exemplary device of the system of Figure 3 or 4.

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates yet another example of a device of the system of FIG. 3 or 4.

FIG. 12 schematically illustrates an example of a shape according to one embodiment of the invention.

Figure 13a schematically illustrates an example of prints corresponding to the shape of Figure 12.

Figure 13b schematically illustrates connection sections of the print of Figure 13a.

Figure 13c schematically illustrates a pole of the print of Figure 13a.

Figure 14a schematically illustrates an example of a pattern corresponding to the print of Figure 13.

Figure 14b schematically illustrates connection sections of the pattern of Figure 14a.

Figure 14c schematically illustrates other connection sections of the pattern of Figure 14a.

Figure 14d schematically illustrates a pole of the pattern of Figure 14a.

Fig. 15 is a flowchart of steps of an example of a device manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 16 is a flowchart of steps in an example of a system manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of steps of an example of a defect detection method according to an embodiment of the invention. In all of the figures, similar elements bear identical references.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Device

General description of the device

With reference to FIG. 1, a device 10 for monitoring the state of a support 20 is described. The device is for example a device for detecting a change of state, for example for detecting a defect and / or d. evolution and / or incident of a support 20. The device 10 is adapted to be fixed at a surface 200 of the support 20, for example on the surface 200.

The device 10 comprises a detection layer 101. The detection layer 101 comprises a pattern 102. The pattern 102 is electrically conductive. Pattern 102 may be formed, for example printed, in an electrically conductive ink. The pattern 102 is adapted to be connected to an electrical sensor 103 to detect, for example in real time, a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface 200 of the support 20.

Such a device therefore allows effective control of the support, for example effective detection of changes in the wall, for example changes and / or incidents and / or defects. In particular, a plurality of such devices can be arranged on the support to allow localized detection of the modification of the surface of the support, for example of the defect. Indeed, each device is then able to detect a change in a given area of the surface of the wall, and by identifying the device that detects a defect, it is possible to locate the defect with precision. This makes it possible to react effectively to the situation, and in particular it is not necessary to probe the entire wall to find the location of the modification. It is thus possible to avoid or limit pollution or losses in the environment of a stored product, or to limit the risks to the security of an infrastructure.

Such a device also has the advantage of being modular and of being easy to assemble at the level of a support. Such devices can be made to detect different types of modifications, for example defects.

The support 20 can be an element of an infrastructure. The support 20 can be a wall, for example a wall of a container, for example a reservoir. The support 20 can be an element of an engineering structure, for example a wall of a dam and / or part of a bridge, for example a supporting pillar. The support 20 can be a wall, for example a wall of a building. The wall 20 is for example a metal wall, comprising for example steel.

The modification of the surface 200 of the support 20 can be a defect and / or an evolution and / or an incident. The defect in the support, for example in the wall, may be a crack, for example a microcrack, in the support and / or a perforation, for example due to corroded metal, and / or an impact. The fault may be due to bad weather and / or a rise in groundwater. The corroded metal can be a ferrous metal, for example the through corrosion of which leads to a leak, and therefore forming a non-structural defect which can potentially result in pollution of the environment and / or of the stored liquid. The microcrack can be a microcrack in a concrete of a dam and / or of a bearing pillar and / or of a container, for example a reservoir, and / or a basin, and therefore forming a structural defect allowing a technical assessment and action planning. of maintenance. The defect may be due to a localized incident, that is to say corresponding to an isolated part of the support, for example superficial, that is to say that it does not affect the support throughout its thickness, or structural, that is to say capable of affecting the support or the infrastructure of which the support as a whole is a part. The device 10 can be adapted to form a coating, for example a composite coating, for example waterproof.

Detection layer

With reference to FIG. 2, the detection layer 101 can comprise a support layer 104. The pattern 102 can be printed at the level of the support layer 104, for example on and / or in the support layer 104.

The support layer 104 may comprise a material, for example natural or synthetic and / or be formed of a material, for example natural or synthetic. The synthetic material is for example a synthetic polymer, for example polyester. The material is for example a recycled material.

The support layer 104 comprises for example a textile, for example a nonwoven fabric, for example of felt type, for example material. The felt comprises, for example, a non-woven fabric obtained by pressure and scalding of synthetic fibers, and for example a chemical treatment. The textile can comprise or be made of polyester, for example polyester fibers, for example of the TS60 type. The polyester textile can be produced by thermal bonding (thermobonding in English terminology). The support layer 104, for example the felt or the textile, for example the polyester fibers, little (ven) t have a strength to the dry break included, for example machine direction (machine direction in English terminology) included between 200 and 400 N / 5cm, for example between 250 and 350 N / 5cm, for example 300 N / 5cm.

The support layer 104, for example the felt or the textile, for example the polyester fibers, little (ven) t present an elongation at the dry break, for example machine direction (machine direction in English terminology) of between 10 and 20%, for example between 13 and 17%, for example 15.5%.

The support layer 104, for example felt or textile, for example polyester fibers, can have an air porosity at 196Pa-20cm ² of between 50 and 100 l / m ² / s, for example between 70 and 90 l / m ² / s, for example 80 l / m ² / s.

The support layer 104, for example felt or textile, for example polyester fibers, can have a surface weight of less than 100 g / m ² , for example between 30 and 100 g / m ² , for example between 40 and 90 g / m ² , for example between 50 and 75 g / m ² , for example 60 g / m ² .

The support layer 104 can be embedded in a resin 105 and / or saturated with resin 105. The device or the system as described below can comprise the resin 105. The resin 105 can for example cover the face 1041 of the layer. of support 104 at the level of which the pattern 102 is located. In addition, the resin 105 can for example cover the face 1042 of the support layer 104 opposite to the face at which the pattern 102 is located. Alternatively or in addition , the support layer 104 can be impregnated with resin. Alternatively, the device may not include such a resin 105, or the resin 105 may be formed during the manufacture of the system as described below, for example during the fixing of the device 10 on the surface 200.

The support layer 104, for example the felt or the textile, has for example a thickness between 50 and 100 µm, for example between 70 and 80 µm. The backing layer 104 and the printed pattern 102 can have a thickness between 100 and 250 µm. The detection layer 101, for example including the resin 105, for example and / or the fixing layer 106 and / or the protective layer 107 as (s) as described below, has (have) by example a thickness between 400 and 500 μm.

Ink

The ink can be a dispersible ink, for example soluble, for example in an aqueous and / or organic medium. Thus, if the modification of the surface, for example the defect, involves a leak and a liquid in which the ink is dispersible comes into contact with it, the ink disperses therein and locally modifies the pattern 102.

The support 20 may be a wall 20 of a container, for example of a reservoir, for storing a liquid. The change of state, the fault, may be a leak in the wall 20. The ink may be dispersible, in the liquid stored in the container, for example the reservoir, for storage. The wall 20 can be a concrete wall.

The ink used for printing the pattern 102 may include a dispersant, for example conductive pigments, for example metallic pigments. The dispersant can be or include a base glue (base glue in English terminology). The dispersant can form or include an adhesive or a binder.

The dispersant comprises for example one or more polymer (s), for example synthetic polymer (s). The dispersant is for example soluble, for example soluble in the liquid stored in the container, for example the reservoir, for storage, and / or biodegradable (s). Thus, when the pattern comes into contact with the liquid stored in the container, for example the storage tank, and / or when the pattern comes into contact with an aqueous liquid, for example groundwater, or hydroalcoholic or a hydrocarbon solvent, in particular a petrochemical compound, the ink mixes, for example disperses, for example dissolves.

The dispersant may comprise one or more polymer (s), for example nonionic (s), for example one or more polyvinyl (s), for example one or more polymer (s) based on vinyl acetate, for example in a dry extract of between 20 and 50%, for example between 25 and 45%, for example between 30 and 40%, for example 34 or 37 or 38% of the weight of the dry ink. The dispersant can comprise a latex, ie a polymer dispersed in water, for example in an aqueous solution. The dispersant is, for example, of the Rheosol 25 type.

Alternatively or in addition, the polymer (s) of the dispersant can comprise one or more soluble epoxy, for example soluble in the liquid stored in the container, for example the reservoir, for storage, and / or biodegradable ( s).

The conductive pigments can comprise a metal, for example silver. The conductive pigments can comprise or be lamellar particles. The conductive pigments can comprise, besides such a metal, for example silver, glass. The conductive pigments are for example glass pigments, for example lamellar particles (“flakes” in English terminology) of glass, for example coated with silver. It is thus possible to reduce the quantity of metal, and in particular of silver, used. Indeed, silver has low electrical conductance and its use on lamellar particles makes it possible to minimize the quantity of lamellar particles and therefore of silver, necessary, the presence of silver on the surface making it possible to reduce the quantity of metal, and lamellar particles having a tendency to settle flat during printing, maximizing the contacts between lamellar particles and therefore the electrical conductivity. The silver coated lamellar particles used for the manufacture of the ink can have a density between 0.2 to 0.5 g / cm ³ . The lamellar particles coated with silver may have a percentage by weight of metal, for example silver, of between 15 and 25%, for example between 19.0 and 21.0%, relative to the weight of the lamellar particles coated with silver. . The lamellar particles coated with silver can be of the ECKA Sil-Shield Ag / Glass 50/20 fl type. The lamellar particles coated with silver can have a size distribution measured by a laser position sensitive device (PSD) such that they have a D50 value of between 40 and 60 μm, for example. example a D50 value between 40 and 60 pm and a D90 value between 90 and 120 pm, for example a D10 value between 10 and 30 pm, a D50 value between 40 and 60 pm and a D90 value between 90 and 120 pm. The ink may comprise a percentage by mass of conductive pigments, for example of conductive pigments comprising silver, for example of lamellar particles coated with silver from 0 to 40% of the weight of dry ink, for example from 1 to 40 %, for example 10 to 40%, for example 10 to 20% or 30 to 40%, for example 14 or 38%.

Alternatively or in addition to the lamellar particles of glass coated with silver, the ink may comprise graphite, for example graphite pigments, for example lamellar particles of graphite. The graphite pigments have, for example, a size distribution measured by laser diffraction such that they have a D90 value of between 44.0 and 53.0 μm. The lamellar particles of graphite have, for example, an inter-layer distance of between 0.3350 and 0.3360 nm, for example between 0.3354 and 0.3358 nm. The lamellar particles of graphite have, for example, a minimum crystallite height of between 180 and 220 nm, for example 200 nm. The ink may comprise a percentage by mass of conductive pigments, for example of conductive pigments comprising graphite, for example of lamellar particles of graphite, from 0 to 40% of the weight of dry ink, for example from 20 to 40%, for example example 30 to 40%, for example 34 or 37%. The graphite pigments used for the manufacture of the ink are, for example, high purity graphite pigments. The graphite purity is for example greater than 80% by weight of the graphite pigments, for example 85%, for example greater than or equal to 90%, for example by metric ravi thermog analysis. The lamellar particles of graphite are for example of the TIMREX SFG44 type.

The ink can comprise carbon black ("carbon black" in English terminology), for example carbon black pigments, for example carbon black nanoparticles. The ink may comprise a percentage by weight of carbon black of 0 to 10% of the weight of dry ink, for example 1 to 10%, for example 1 to 5%, for example 3 to 4%. The carbon black is, for example, of the ENSACO 250P type.

The ink can comprise nanotubes, for example carbon, for example single-walled or multi-walled, for example double-walled. The carbon nanotubes have for example an average diameter of between 9 and 10 nm, for example between 9.2 and 9.7 nm, for example 9.5 nm, for example measured by transmission electron microscopy. The carbon nanotubes have, for example, an average length of between 1 and 2 μm, for example between 1.2 and 1.7 μm, for example 1.5 μm, for example measured by transmission electron microscopy. The carbon purity is for example greater than 80% by mass of the carbon nanotubes, for example 85%, for example greater than or equal to 90%, for example by thermogravi metric analysis. The carbon is, for example, amorphous carbon as measured by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The carbon nanotubes can have a specific surface area of between 250 and 300 m ² / g, for example measured by BET specific surface analysis (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller). The ink may comprise a percentage by mass of nanotubes, for example carbon, of 0 to 20% of the weight of dry ink, for example 1 to 20%, for example 5 to 20%.

The ink can comprise graphene, for example a powder and / or nanoparticles and / or lamellar particles and / or nanotubes of graphene, for example multi-walled, for example double-walled. The graphene nanotubes have for example an average diameter of between 9 and 10 nm, for example between 9.2 and 9.7 nm, for example 9.5 nm, for example measured by transmission electron microscopy. The graphene nanotubes have, for example, an average length of between 1 and 2 μm, for example between 1.2 and 1.7 μm, for example 1.5 μm, for example measured by transmission electron microscopy. The graphene purity is for example greater than 80% by mass of the carbon nanotubes, for example 85%, for example greater than or equal to 90%, for example by thermogravi metric analysis. The ink may comprise a percentage by weight of graphene of 0 to 20% of the weight of dry ink, for example from 1 to 20%, for example from 5 to 20%. The ink can comprise one or more thixotropic agent (s), for example in the form of a thixotropic liquid, for example of the BYK 028 type. The ink can comprise a percentage by weight of agent from 0 to 10%. of the dry ink weight, for example from 1 to 10%, for example from 2 to 6%, for example from 4 to 5%.

The ink can include one or more plasticizer (s). The plasticizer (s) can comprise or be one or more polyvinyl (s), in particular one or more polyvinyl (s) soluble or dispersible in alcoholic or organic solvents, for example a polymer of vinylbutyrale, for example of the Mowital B60H type. The ink can comprise a percentage by mass of plasticizing agent (s) of 0 to 20% of the weight of dry ink, for example from 1 to 20%, for example from 10 to 20%, for example 14, 18 or 19%.

The ink can be ink without money. The ink can comprise or consist of the dispersant in an aqueous solution of vinyl acetate in a solids content of 37.04% by weight of dry ink, for example of the Rheosol 25 type, and lamellar particles of graphite at a percentage. mass of 37.04% of the weight of dry ink, for example of TIMREX SFG44 type, carbon black at a percentage by mass of 3.70% of the weight of dry ink, for example of ENSACO 250P type, thixotropic liquid at a percentage by weight of 4.44% of the weight of dry ink, for example of the BYK 028 type, of the plasticizing agent (s) at a percentage by weight of 17.78% of the weight of dry ink, for example of the Mowital B60H type. Such ink has the advantages of low cost of raw materials and flexibility of the resulting pattern.

The ink is for example an ink with silver and without graphite pigment. The ink may comprise or consist of the dispersant in an aqueous solution of vinyl acetate in a solids content of 38.46% by weight of dry ink, for example of the Rheosol 25 type, of the lamellar particles of glass coated with silver at a mass percentage of 38.46% by weight of dry ink, for example of the type ECKA Sil-Shield Ag / Glass 50/20 fl, thixotropic liquid at a percentage by mass of 4.62% by weight of ink dries, for example of the BYK 028 type, of the plasticizing agent (s) at a percentage by weight of 18.46% of the weight of dry ink, for example of the Mowital B60H type. Such an ink has the advantage of a low linear conductance of the pattern, for example between 10 and 50 W / cm, for example of the order of 10 W / cm.

The ink is for example an ink with silver and graphite pigments. The ink can comprise or consist of the dispersant in an aqueous solution of vinyl acetate in a solids content of 34.48% by weight of dry ink, for example of the Rheosol 25 type, of the lamellar particles of glass coated with silver at a mass percentage of 13.79% the weight of dry ink, for example of ECKA Sil-Shield Ag / Glass 50/20 fl type, lamellar particles of graphite at a percentage by mass of 34.48% of the weight of dry ink, for example of TIMREX SFG44 type , carbon black at a percentage by weight of 3.45% by weight of dry ink, for example of the ENSACO 250P type, of the plasticizing agent (s) at a percentage by weight of 13.79% by weight dry ink, for example of the Mowital B60H type. Such a hybrid ink offers relatively low conductance while maintaining a relatively low raw material cost.

Means of measurement

The device 10, or the system as described below, can comprise a measuring means 103, for example a sensor, for example an electrical sensor, for example electronic. The pattern 102 is for example connected to the measuring means 103 to detect a modification of the pattern resulting from the formation of a defect in the support 20.

The measuring means 103 can be adapted to measure the electrical resistance of the pattern 102. The measuring means 103 can be adapted to measure an ambient temperature. The same sensor can be adapted to measure the electrical resistance of the pattern 102 and to measure an ambient temperature. Alternatively, the measuring means 103 may comprise a first sensor of electrical resistance of the pattern 102 and / or a second sensor for measuring ambient temperature, the first sensor and the second sensor being separate.

The measuring means 103 can be mounted, for example directly, on the detection layer 101, for example on the support layer 104. Alternatively, the measuring means 103 can be connected to the detection layer 101, for example to the support layer 104, via one or more cable (s).

The measuring means 103 can be connected, for example connected, electrically to the pattern 102, for example directly or through the cable (s).

The measuring means 103 can have an identifier, for example specific, for example different from the identifiers of the other measuring means of the system as described below.

The measuring means 103 can be adapted to be connected, for example connected, electrically to a concentrator 302 as described below. The measuring means 103 can be adapted to transmit data to the concentrator, for example on request, for example in response to a request from the concentrator 302, for example to transmit data of electrical resistance and / or of measured temperature and / or l 'username. The measuring means 103 can comprise a printed circuit. The printed circuit has for example a width comprised between 1 and 3 cm, for example 2 cm, and a length comprised between 2 and 7 cm, for example 2 and 4 cm, for example 3 cm, for example between 5 and 7 cm, for example 6 cm. The printed circuit is for example a flexible printed circuit, for example glued to the support layer 104.

The measuring means 103 may comprise a localization chip, for example a chip comprising a radio-identification antenna (RFID, radio frequency identification in English terminology). It is thus possible to facilitate its physical location.

The measuring means 103 may include a memory. The memory can store the identifier and / or measurement data, for example electrical resistance and / or measured temperature. The measuring means 103 may comprise data processing means, for example a processor, for example configured to allow the measurement (s) and / or reception (s) and / or transmission (s) of data described below. before.

Fixation

The device 10 or the system as described below may comprise means for fixing to the support 20, for example to the wall 100, for example an fixing layer 106. The fixing layer 106 comprises for example an adhesive.

The fixing means are for example arranged at the level of the face of the detection layer 101 opposite to the face at which the pattern 102 is located and / or face of the detection layer 101 opposite to the face at which the protective layer 107 is arranged as described below.

The fixing layer 106 is or comprises for example a resin layer, for example an epoxy type resin.

The fixing means may further comprise the resin 105, for example applied by roller on the face of the detection layer 101 at which the pattern 102 is located.

The fixing layer 106 can be formed beforehand, or be formed at the time of fixing the device to the surface 200 during the manufacture of the system, for example just before and / or just after and / or during the application of the device. 10 on the surface 200.

Protective layer

The device 10 or the system as described below may comprise a protective layer 107. The protective layer 107 is for example arranged at the level of the face. of the detection layer 101 at the level of which the pattern 102 is located and / or face of the detection layer 101 opposite the face intended to be fixed to the surface 200. The protective layer may comprise epoxy, for example example of epoxy without solvent. The protective layer 107 can be formed of successive sub-layers, for example of resin, for example of epoxy resin, for example of epoxy resin without solvent, called 100% solid.

Pattern

The pattern 102 forms or comprises for example a series of sinuosities, in particular meanders, and / or is meandering, for example forming a conductive electric loop. The conductive electric loop formed by the pattern is for example open, for example adapted to be closed by the measuring means 103, for example closed by the measuring means 103.

The pattern 102, for example the series of sinuosities, can comprise one or more series (s) of lines 1021, for example parallel to each other, the lines being for example connected to each other at their ends. The pattern 102, for example the series of sinuosities, can comprise one or more series (s) of connection sections 1022, for example parallel to each other, the connection sections connecting the ends of two successive lines 1021 two by two. The pattern 102, for example the series of sinuosities, can be arranged around a space forming a central trench 1026, called a pattern. In particular, the pattern can form the electrical loop around the central pattern trench 1026. The lines 1021 and / or the connection sections 1022 have for example a width of between 400 and 1500 µm, for example between 500 and 750 µm, for example 690 µm. The lines 1021 can comprise one or more series (s) of segments of length, for example parallel, the segments being for example spaced by the same distance, for example between 0.5 and 1 mm, for example 0.7 mm , and having for example the same length, for example between 0.5 and 1 m, for example 0.7 m.

The pattern can thus comprise a first series of lines 1021, called a pattern, for example length segments, parallel separated by spaces, the spaces forming for example an alternation of spaces 1025 open towards the outside of the pattern and of spaces 1024 open towards the interior of the pattern, for example towards the space forming the central trench 1026. The pattern can comprise a second series of lines 1021, called a pattern, for example length segments, arranged for example opposite the first series of lines, for example on the other hand, for example symmetrical, of the first series of lines, for example with respect to the central trench 1026. Each series of lines comprises, for example, a first and a second end line between which intermediate lines extend. Each line has for example a distal end and a proximal end, for example with respect to the central trench 1026. The end lines of the first series of pattern lines are for example electrically connected to the end lines of the second series of pattern lines , for example by means of connection sections 1154 coming to interrupt the central trench 1026. Each pole 113 as described below can be connected to the lines 1021, for example of the first series, for example to the ends of the lines 1021. The two connectors, for example the two pads 1131 and 1132, as described below, are for example each connected to one end of the line of the first series, for example a distal end relative to the central trench 1026, the lines being for example successive lines. The intermediate lines thus have, among their distal end and their proximal end, one end connected to the preceding line and one end connected to the following line, for example the end connected to the preceding line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, for example the end connected to the following line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, so as to form the sinuosity, the ends of the successive lines being connected by one of the connection sections or the section 114 described below or the two connectors, for example pads 1132 1131, of one of the poles connected to a means of measure 103.

Pattern 102 may comprise connectors forming poles of the electrical loop formed by pattern 102, for example at least connectors, for example at least three connectors, for example areas 113 (pad in English terminology), for example forming the connectors or poles of the electrical loop formed by the pattern 102, for example pads joined together in pairs, the pairs forming the connectors or the poles. The pads are for example connected, for example connected, electrically and / or adapted to be connected, for example connected, electrically to the associated measuring means 103. The pads are for example connected, for example connected, electrically to the series of sinuosity, for example of meanders and / or the lines. Each pole is for example formed by two areas 1132 and 1131, which makes it possible to facilitate the connection to the measuring means. The areas for example each have a rectangular shape, for example square. The beaches are for example arranged, for example extending, out of or projecting from the series of sinuosities or meanders. It is thus possible to more easily connect the measuring means. In the case where the pattern 102 is formed of several impressions, the pattern may comprise a pole not intended to be electrically connected to a measuring means 103 as described above, the pole comprising for example one or more section (s) connecting the pads of the pole so as to form a shunt. For example, the two areas 1131 and 1132 of the pole not intended to be electrically connected to a measuring means 103 can be physically electrically connected by a section 114 forming a shunt. The section 114 is for example arranged at the level of a part of the areas distal with respect to the series of sinuosities, in particular of meanders.

The pattern 102, for example the series of sinuosities, for example of meanders and / or of lines, can form an electrically conductive loop, for example a single loop. The two ranges form for example two terminals of the loop.

The pattern 102 can extend over an area between 0.2 and 1.5 m ² , for example between 0.30 and 0.40 m ² or between 0.60 and 0.70 m ² , or between 0 , 95 and 1, 05 m ² .

The ink and the pattern 102 are for example such that the pattern 102 has a higher conductance of between 10 and 80 W / linear cm, for example greater than 40 W / linear cm, for example greater than 50 W / linear cm, for example example less than 80 W / linear cm. The ink and the pattern 102 are for example such that a zone of 1 m ² and / or a pattern 102 before modification corresponds to a conductance of 1 to 30 MW, for example from 10 to 30 MW, for example between 10 and 20 MW.

Pattern 102 can be printed by continuous rolls. The pattern can be adapted to be continuously printed without cutting or overlaying a continuous strip of backing layer 104. Pattern 102 can be screen printed.

Plate and / or strip

The device 10 can form a plate and / or a strip. The plate and / or strip is for example adapted to be assembled with other such plates and / or strips, for example so as to cover at least part of the surface 200 of the support 20. The detection layer 101 may comprise a plurality of patterns 102, for example each pattern being as described above, printed in one or in electrically conductive ink, each pattern 102 being adapted to be connected to a dedicated measuring means 103, for example as described below before, for example to a dedicated electrical sensor, to detect a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface 200 of the support 20.

System

General description of the system With reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 4, there is described a system for monitoring the state of at least one support, for example of one or more support (s), for example of detection, for example in time. real, default of at least one support. The system comprises a plurality of such devices 10. The devices 10 are for example fixed at a surface of the support 20, for example on a surface of the support 20.

The system comprises detection means 30. The pattern 102 of each device 10 can be connected to the detection means 30. The detection means 30 are suitable for detecting a modification of one of the patterns 102 resulting from the formation of a defect. at the support level, and to identify the modified pattern among the patterns 102.

Bands

The devices 10 form, for example, bands as described above. Thus, each device 10 can form a plate and / or a strip adapted to be assembled with other plates and / or strips formed by other devices, the plates and / or strips being able to be assembled with each other, so covering at least part of the surface of the support. The detection layer of each strip and / or plate may comprise a plurality of patterns printed in an electrically conductive ink, each pattern being adapted to be connected to dedicated measuring means for detecting a change in the pattern resulting from a change in the support surface.

Several of the bands may have the same or different widths from one band to another.

Several of the bands may overlap each other.

Layers

The support layer 104 can be embedded in a resin 105 and / or saturated with resin. The resin 105 can for example cover the face 1041 of the support layer 104 at the level of which the pattern 102 is located. In addition, the resin 105 can for example cover the face 1042 of the support layer 104 opposite to the opposite side. level of which the pattern 102 is located. Alternatively or in addition, the support layer 104 can be impregnated with resin. Alternatively, the device may not include such a resin 105, or the resin 105 may be formed during the manufacture of the system as described below, for example during the fixing of the device 10 on the surface 200.

Means of measurement

The detection means 30 can comprise at least one measuring means 103 as described above, for example one or more measuring means 103 such as described above. The pattern 102 of each device 10 is connected, for example connected, electrically to at least one measuring means 103, for example to one of the sensors. Each measuring means 103, for example each sensor, is for example connected to a single device 10 or pattern 102. Alternatively, several devices 10 or patterns 102 are for example connected to the same measuring means 103.

The measuring means 103, for example the sensors, can be combined into groups 301, the measuring means 103 of the same group 301 being arranged, for example connected, electrically in series. Each group may for example include up to more than 50 sensors, for example up to more than 100 sensors, for example 125 or 128 or 175 sensors. The measuring means 103 of the same group 301 are for example connected to the same cable 3011, for example a multipoint cable (multidrop cable in English terminology).

The measuring means 103 can be embedded in and / or saturated in and / or integrated into the resin 105 as described above.

Concentrators

The detection means 30 can comprise one or more concentrator (s) 302 (hub in English terminology). The concentrator (s) 302 can each form a logic unit. Each concentrator is for example connected, for example connected, electrically to one or more measuring means 103, for example sensor (s), for example to one or more group (s) 301. Each group 301 forms for example a channel, each concentrator being for example adapted to be connected to several channels in parallel, for example between 1 and 4 channels, for example two channels. Each concentrator 302 can be connected in this way to between 100 and 1000 measuring means 103, for example between 500 and 1000 measuring means, for example 750 measuring means 103.

The concentrator (s) 302 are for example suitable for analyzing measurement data coming from the connected measuring means (s) 103, for example data for measuring the electrical resistance of the pattern (s). connected and / or ambient temperature data.

Each measuring means 103 is for example in permanent communication with the concentrator 302 to which it is connected.

Each measuring means has for example a unique identifier, different from that of the other measuring means of the system. The identifier is or includes for example a code numeric or alphanumeric. The identifier is for example provided in response to a request for data transmitted by the concentrator 302.

Referring to Figure 4, the concentrators 302 can be combined into groups 306, the concentrators 302 of the same group 306 being arranged, for example connected, electrically in series. Each group 306 can for example comprise up to between 2 and 500 concentrators 302, for example at least 250 concentrators 302. The concentrators 302 of the same group 306 are for example connected to the same cable 3061. The system is for example installed at the level of a plurality of infrastructures on the same site as described below, each group 306 corresponding to an infrastructure, for example the concentrators 302 of the same group 306 being associated with the devices placed. at the level of one or more support (s) of the same infrastructure. At least one of the infrastructures can be a container, for example a reservoir, for storing liquid, for example the infrastructures being containers, for example reservoirs, for storing liquid.

The concentrator (s) 302 can comprise a printed circuit and / or a memory, for example a memory card, for example a removable memory card. The concentrator (s) 302 can be adapted to operate on a domestic electrical network and / or on an electrical network, for example alternating, having a voltage between 100 and 300 V, for example 110 or 230 or 240 V.

The or each concentrator 302 can be placed in a dedicated enclosure, for example a metal enclosure, for example a metal enclosure, for example treated against parasitic currents.

Bridge

The system can include a gateway 303. The measuring means 103 and / or the concentrators 302 can be connected to the gateway 303 (gateway in English terminology). The system can include a single gateway 303. The gateway 303 can form a central location for the concentrators 302 of the system.

The connection is for example a wired connection, for example by means of a cable, for example a LAN cable, or wireless, for example by means of a wifi or radio type network or by satellite link, for example according to the GSM standard ("Global System for Mobile Communications" in Anglo-Saxon terminology).

The gateway 303 is for example suitable for connecting the measuring means 103 and / or the concentrators 301 to a network 304, for example a remote network, for example a Internet network, for example directly or via at least one other network 308, the other network being for example a remote network and / or a cloud-type network (cloud in English terminology). The connection is for example a wireless connection for example by means of a wifi type network or by satellite link.

The network 304 can comprise or be connected to means of monitoring and / or control 305 remotely. The monitoring and / or control means comprise, for example, one terminal or several terminals. The monitoring and / or control means 305 are for example configured to allow access to the location of the gateway 303, and / or to the display of each concentrator 302 and / or to configuration parameters of each concentrator 302 and / or measuring means 103, for example so as to be able to modify said parameters, and / or to measurements of measuring means 103, for example to electrical resistance and / or temperature data, for example in real time, and / or to a status history and / or to system control means.

The gateway 303 can be placed in an enclosure, for example an enclosure made of insulating material, for example of plastic material, the enclosure being for example provided with a transparent door. The enclosure can thus be adapted to allow a user to see the gateway 303 from outside the enclosure.

The system can comprise the network 304 and / or the monitoring and / or control means 305. Alternatively the system is a local detection system, and a detection assembly comprises the local detection system, and / or the network 304 and / or the monitoring and / or control means 305.

The gateway 303 can comprise a printed circuit and / or a terminal, for example a screen, for example a touch screen, and / or a memory, for example a memory card, for example a removable memory card. Gateway 303 can be adapted to operate on a domestic electrical network and / or on an electrical network, for example alternating, having a voltage between 100 and 300 V, for example 110 or 230 or 240 V.

Display unit

The detection means 30 may comprise one or more local status display unit (s) 307. Each concentrator is for example connected, for example connected, electrically to one or more concentrator (s) 302, for example to a group 306. The or each display unit 307 may comprise a display suitable for providing information as a function of the detection or not of a fault, the display comprising for example a light and / or sound display, the light display comprising for example an LED, the sound display comprising for example a loudspeaker adapted to emit an alarm.

The display unit (s) 307 can be adapted to operate on a domestic electrical network and / or on an electrical network, for example AC, having a voltage between 100 and 300 V, for example 110 or 230 V.

Site

The system is, for example, a system for monitoring the condition, for example of fault detection, of a support, for example of a wall, of a site. The site includes for example one or more infrastructure (s), the support (s) being one or more support (s) of the infrastructure (s). The at least one infrastructure is for example one or more container (s), for example reservoir (s), each container, for example reservoir, being adapted to contain, or containing, a fluid, for example a liquid, the stored fluids in the different containers which may be identical or different. The support (s) comprises one or more internal support (s) and / or external (s) of the container (s). The container may include an enclosure and / or a tank and / or a basin. Alternatively or in addition, one or more infrastructure can be an engineering structure, for example a bridge and / or a dam and / or a tunnel and / or a support pillar, and / or a building. Alternatively or in addition, one or more infrastructures can be or comprise a structure, for example a flat roof and / or one or more support pillar (s), for example a concrete structure. The liquid can be water, for example drinking water, and / or waste water and / or water from an industrial process, for example from a nuclear power plant, an alcohol, a solvent, chemicals and petrochemicals. The site can be a storage area or an installation suitable for implementing an industrial process, for example a nuclear power station.

The site may include the device 10 and / or the detection system and / or the detection assembly.

The measuring means (s) 103 may be arranged at the level of one or more internal wall (s) of the container (s), for example of the reservoir (s). The concentrator (s) 302 and / or gateway 303 can be placed outside the container (s). The gateway 303 can be configured to display and / or provide the status of each concentrator 302, for example the detection or not of a fault at the level of the devices 10 associated with the concentrator 302.

Device

Referring to Figures 5-1 1, one or more device (s) 10 of the system, the device (s) being fixed at a surface 200 of the support 20, is described.

Device 10 can be attached to surface 200 via attachment layer 106, with attachment layer 106 disposed between sensing layer 101 and surface 200. The device

10 can be protected by means of the protective layer 107, the device 10 being disposed between the protective layer 107 and the fixing layer 106 or the surface 200.

FIG. 6 illustrates a device 10 for example arranged at the level of a part of the support 20 where a tube 201 opens. The fixing layer 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 covers (s) a portion of the tube 201 extending along the support 20. The device 10 or the system may comprise a layer of mortar 108, for example made of resin, for example epoxy resin. The layer of mortar 108 can be placed at the level of the zone where the tube 201 opens out of the support 20, for example so as to attenuate the angle formed between the tube 201 and the surface 200. It is thus possible to fix the layer. fixing 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 against the support 200 effectively. The layer of mortar 108 has for example a substantially triangular section.

FIG. 7 illustrates a part of the system where, for example, a measuring means 103, for example a sensor, is arranged. The measuring means 103 may be disposed between the detection layer 101 and the protective layer 107. The detection layer 101 may be disposed between the measuring means 103 and the fixing layer 106. The device 10 or the system may comprise a layer of mortar 109, for example of resin, for example of epoxy resin. The layer of mortar 109 can be arranged around the measuring means 103, so as to attenuate the angle formed between the measuring means 103 and the detection layer 101.

It is thus possible to fix the protective layer 107 against the detection layer 101 and the measuring means 103 in an efficient manner. The layer of mortar 109 has for example a substantially triangular section.

FIG. 8 illustrates a part of the system where, for example, a cable 3011 is arranged to which the measuring means 103 of the same group 301 are connected. The cable 3011 can be disposed between the detection layer 101 and the protective layer 107. The detection layer 101 can be disposed between the cable 3011 and the fixing layer 106. The device 10 or the system may comprise a layer of mortar 110, for example of resin, for example of epoxy resin. The layer of mortar 110 can be arranged around the cable 3011, so as to attenuate the angle formed between the cable 3011 and the detection layer 101. It is thus possible to fix the protective layer 107 against the detection layer 101 and cable 3011 efficiently. The layer of mortar 110 has for example a substantially triangular section.

FIG. 9 illustrates a device 10 for example disposed at the level of a part of the support 20 where there is a weld 202 protruding and / or recessed with respect to the surface 200 of the support 20. The fixing layer 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 cover (s) the weld 202. The device 10 or the system may comprise a layer of mortar 111, for example made of resin, for example epoxy resin. The layer of mortar 111 may be placed around the weld 202, for example so as to attenuate the angle formed between the weld 202 and the surface 200, for example the angle formed between the top of the weld 202 and the surface 200 It is thus possible to fix the fixing layer 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 against the surface 200 effectively. The layer of mortar 111 has for example a substantially triangular section.

FIG. 10 illustrates a device 10 for example disposed at the level of a part of the support 20 comprising two surfaces 203 and 204 forming an angle or corner, for example at the level of the interface between a substantially horizontal surface 203 and a substantially horizontal surface 204 vertical. The fixing layer 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 covers (s) the corner. The device 10 or the system may comprise a layer of mortar 112, for example of resin, for example of epoxy resin. The layer of mortar 112 can be arranged at the angle, for example so as to attenuate said angle, for example so as to form a bevel. It is thus possible to fix the fixing layer 106 and / or the detection layer 101 and / or the protective layer 107 against the surface 200 effectively. The layer of mortar 112 has, for example, a section that is substantially arcuate and / or frustoconical.

FIG. 11 illustrates a device 10, for example disposed at the level of a part of the support 20 having an orifice 205, for example a look, for example an access orifice ("manhole" in English terminology). The fixing layer 106 and / the protective layer 107 may extend as far as a wall 206 delimiting the orifice 205, for example up to a ledge of the wall 206 protruding from the surface 200. The layer of detection 101 can be interrupted at a given non-zero distance from the wall 206 delimiting the opening 205, for example from the edge of the wall 206 protruding from the surface 200, the given distance being for example between 5 and 20 cm, for example between 5 and 15 cm, for example equal to 10 cm. It is thus possible to interrupt the monitoring at a given distance from the orifice 205 while ensuring the structural maintenance of the device or the system.

Device manufacturing process

With reference to FIG. 15, a method for manufacturing the device 10 is described. The method for manufacturing the device is for example implemented by means of the device manufacturing system as described below.

The method may include a step of forming pattern (s) 102 at, for example on, the support layer 104, for example by one or more continuous roll (s), for example on a continuous web, for example by screen printing, or for example by screen printing plate.

The forming step may comprise a step 1501 of printing (s) 102, for example by one or more continuous roll (s), for example on a continuous strip, for example by one or more continuous roll (s) (s), for example on a continuous strip, or for example by screen printing, of a print or of several prints, for example identical, for example so as to form, after removal of one or more part (s) of the prints , the pattern, for example the pattern forming a conductive electric loop. The printing step is for example carried out by means of a printing element and / or device as described below.

Referring to Figures 13a, 13b and 13c, it is thus possible to print a plurality of prints, the plurality of prints comprising series of prints, for example three prints, each series being intended to form a pattern.

The series of impressions, for example of three impressions, intended to form a pattern forms or comprises for example a series of sinuosities, in particular of meanders, and / or is in a meander. The series of sinuosities can comprise, for each impression of the series of impressions, one or more sub-series (s) of lines 1021, called printing lines, for example parallel to each other, the lines being for example connected to each other at their ends. The series of sinuosities can comprise, for each impression of the series of impressions, one or more sub-series (s) of connection sections 1022, for example parallel to each other, the connection sections connecting the ends of two successive lines 1021 two by two. Each impression, for example the sinuosities of each impression, can be arranged around a space forming a central trench 1026, called printing. Each print can include connection sections 1152 and 1154, for example interrupting the central print trench 1026. The central trenches 1026 of the prints are for example adjacent, for example aligned, for example separated from each other by one or more of the connection sections 1152 and 1154. The lines 1021 and / or the connection sections 1022 have for example a width included between 400 and 1500 pm, for example between 500 and 750 pm, for example 690 pm. The lines 1021 can comprise, for each impression of the series of impressions, one or more sub-series (s) of segments of length, for example parallel, the segments being for example spaced by the same distance, for example between 0.5 and 1 mm, for example 0.7 mm, and having for example the same length, for example between 0.5 and 1 m, for example 0.7 m. Each print can thus comprise a first sub-series of parallel lines 1021 separated by spaces, the spaces forming for example an alternation of spaces 1025 open towards the outside of the print and spaces 1024 open towards the inside of the print. printing, for example to the space forming the central printing trench 1026. Each print can comprise a second sub-series of lines 1021, arranged for example opposite the first sub-series of lines, for example on the other hand, for example symmetrical, of the first sub-series of lines, for example by relative to the central trench 1026. Each sub-series of printing lines comprises for example a first and a second end lines between which intermediate lines extend. Each line has for example a distal end and a proximal end, for example with respect to the central printing trench 1026. With particular reference to FIG. 13b, the end lines of the first sub-series of printing lines are for example electrically connected to the end lines of the second sub-series of printing lines, for example at the level of a connection area 115, for example by means of connection sections 1152 and 1154 interrupting the central printing trench 1026.

The prints can include one or more connecting sections 1151 and 1153, for example parallel to each other, electrically connecting the prints to each other. For example, each print may comprise one or more connection sections 1151 and 1153, for example parallel to each other, electrically connecting said print with at least one other print of the series of prints. The connection section (s) 1151 and 1153 is or are for example arranged at the level of the connection zone 115. The first end line, for example the proximal end of the first end line, at at least one of the first, respectively second, sub-series is for example further connected by a connection section 1151, respectively 1153, to the last end line, for example to the proximal end of the last end line, of a first , respectively second, sub-series of a another impression of the series of impressions, for example at the level of the connection zone 115. The last extremal line, for example the proximal end of the last extremal line, of at least one of the first, respectively second, sub- series is for example further connected by a connection section 1151, respectively 1153, to the first end line, for example to the proximal end of the first end line, of a first, respectively second, sub-series of a another print of the series of prints, for example at the connection area 115. The connection sections 1151, 1152, 1153, and 1154 may form a rectangle, in particular a square.

The series of impressions can include tracks 113 (pad in English terminology), for example tracks joined together in pairs. The pads are for example connected, for example connected (s), electrically to the series of sinuosity, for example of meanders and / or the lines. Each pair of areas 113 is for example formed by two areas 1132 and 1131. The areas for example each have a rectangular shape, for example square. The beaches are, for example, arranged, for example extending, out of or projecting from the series of sinuosities or meanders. Each print can include areas, for example a pair of areas 113, for example as described above. For each print, the areas 113 can be connected to lines 1021, for example of the first sub-series, for example to ends of lines 1021. The two areas 1131 and 1132 are for example each connected to one end of the line of the first sub-series, for example an end distal with respect to the central trench 1026, the lines being for example successive lines. The two pads 1131 and 1132 can be connected physically electrically by a section 114, the section 114 being able to form a shunt. The section 114 is for example disposed at a part of the distal areas with respect to the series of sinuosities, in particular of meanders.

The intermediate lines thus have, among their distal end and their proximal end, one end connected to the preceding line and one end connected to the following line, for example the end connected to the preceding line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, for example the end connected to the following line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, so as to form the sinuosity, the ends of the successive lines being connected by one of the connection sections or the section 1 14 described above. With particular reference to Figure 13c, each print may include such a section 114. The forming step may comprise, after the printing step 1501, a step 1502 of removing one or more printing part (s), for example so as to form the pattern, for example the pattern forming a conductive electric loop. It is thus possible to print several series of prints continuously, and to remove certain elements to form the patterns, for example to isolate the series of prints from each other and / or to remove connections in order to avoid formation. several electrical loops or short circuits within the pattern and / or limit the pattern to an electric loop, and / or remove an electrical connection between two of the pads, intended to be connected (e) s at one pole of the measuring means 103. It is thus possible, using, on the basis of the same repeated printing, to form several patterns.

With particular reference to Figure 14d, step 1502 may include deleting at least one section 114, for example one of the sections 114 from the print run.

With particular reference to FIG. 14c, step 1502 may comprise the deletion of one or more connection section (s) connecting the series of prints to one or more other print (s) and / or series (s) printing, for example to other impressions, so as to electrically separate at least one of the impressions from at least one other of the impressions, for example so as to form several distinct electrical loops, for example the removal of sections of connection 1151 and 1153, for example of the two connection sections 1151 and 1153 connecting the printing series to the previous printing series, and / or for example of the two connection sections 1151 and 1153 connecting the printing series to the next print series.

Referring in particular to Figure 14b, step 1502 may comprise removing one or more connection section (s) interrupting central trench 1026 within the series of prints, for example removing the one or more prints. connecting sections separating at least two of the central trenches of the prints of the print series from each other, for example connecting the first line sub-series and the second line sub-series at the end lines of the sub-series of lines facing the end lines of sub-series of lines of the same series of prints, for example the removal of the connection sections 1152 and 1154, for example so as to form the at least one central pattern trench comprising at at least two of the central printing trenches, and so that, for each central pattern trench, at the end of the step of forming the pattern (s), one of the pattern (s) forms around the central word trench if the electrical loop.

With reference to FIGS. 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d, the pattern obtained after deletion step 1502 is described. The removal is for example carried out by laser cutting, by for example by a computerized numerical control laser cutting tool (CNC laser cutting tool in English terminology). Alternatively or in addition, the removal is for example carried out by punching, for example manual or automatic punching.

After the forming step and / or the printing step 1501 and / or the removing step 1502, the method may comprise a step 1503 of cutting the strip to form support layers 104, for example having the pattern 102 printed. Alternatively, the tape may not be cut.

After the forming step and / or after the cutting step 1503, the method can comprise, for example for each pattern formed, a step 1504 of connecting the measuring means 103 to the pattern 102, for example of directly mounting. , on the detection layer 101, for example on the support layer 104, or for example for connection to the support layer 104, by means of one or more cable (s). Each measuring means 103 is for example connected to the two poles 113 of the same pattern.

After the formation step and / or after the cutting step 1503 and / or the connection step 1504, the method may comprise a step 1505 of forming the protective layer 107 and / or the resin 105. Alternatively, or in addition, all or part of step 1503 can be carried out subsequently, during the manufacture of the control system.

Device manufacturing element and system

With reference to FIG. 12, there is described a device for printing the impression (s) adapted to implement the printing step 1501, and / or a device manufacturing system adapted to implement the device manufacturing method, the device manufacturing system including the printing device.

The printing device may comprise a printing element, for example a printing roller, having a shape according to FIG. 12, for example on its periphery. The shape may include a shape corresponding to that of the pattern or part of the pattern, for example a symmetrical shape, for example a shape comprising at least the symmetrical elements of the pattern or of the part of the pattern, for example and additional elements , for example intended to be selectively deleted. The shape may include a plurality of areas corresponding to the plurality of areas 113, for example one or more section (s) corresponding to section 114. The shape forms or comprises for example a series of sinuosities, in particular meanders, and / or is meandering. The shape, for example the series of sinuosities, may comprise one or more sub-series (s) of so-called shaped lines 1021, for example parallel to each other, the lines being for example connected to each other at their ends . The shape, for example the series of sinuosities, may comprise one or more sub-series (s) of connection sections 1022, for example parallel to each other, the connection sections connecting the ends of two successive lines 1021 two by two. The shape, for example the sinuosities, can be arranged around a space forming a central trench 1026, called shape. Each shape may include connection sections 1152 and 1154, for example interrupting the central shape trench 1026. The lines 1021 and / or the connection sections 1022 have for example a width of between 400 and 1500 µm, for example between 500 and 750 µm, for example 690 µm. The lines 1021 can comprise one or more sub-series (s) of segments of length, for example parallel, the segments being for example spaced by the same distance, for example between 0.5 and 1 mm, for example 0, 7 mm, and having for example the same length, for example between 0.5 and 1 m, for example 0.7 m. The shape can thus comprise a first sub-series of parallel lines 1021 separated by spaces, the spaces forming for example an alternation of spaces 1025 open towards the outside of the shape and spaces 1024 open towards the inside of the shape. , for example towards the space forming the central trench 1026 of form. The shape may comprise a second sub-series of lines 1021, arranged for example opposite the first sub-series of lines, for example on the other hand, for example symmetrical, of the first sub-series of lines, for example by relative to the central trench 1026. Each sub-series of form lines comprises, for example, a first and a second end lines between which intermediate lines extend. Each line has for example a distal end and a proximal end, for example with respect to the central trench 1026 of shape. The end lines of the first sub-series of form lines are for example electrically connected to the end lines of the second sub-series of form lines, for example at a connection area 115, for example by means of sections connection 1152 and / or 1154 interrupting the central printing trench 1026.

The form may include one or more connection sections 1151 and 1153, for example parallel to each other, adapted to form, after printing, the connection section (s) electrically connecting the impressions to one another. The connection section (s) 1151 and 1153 is or are for example arranged at the connection zone 115. From one of the end lines of the first, respectively second, sub-series extends for example by projecting the connection section 1151, respectively 1153, for example at the level of the connection zone 115, intended to allow, once the printing has been carried out, an electrical connection to the last line extremal of a first, respectively second, sub-series of another impression. In the case of a shape occupying the periphery of a roller, the first end line, for example the proximal end of the first end line, of the first, respectively second, sub-series is for example also connected by the connection section 1151, respectively 1153, at the last extremal line, for example at the proximal end of the last extremal line, of the first, respectively second, sub-series. The connection sections 1151, 1152, 1153, and 1154 may form a rectangle, in particular a square.

The form can include ranges 113 (pad in English terminology), for example a pair of ranges. The pads are for example connected, for example connected, electrically to the series of sinuosity, for example of meanders and / or the lines. The pair of areas 113 is for example formed by two areas 1132 and 1131. The areas for example each have a rectangular shape, for example square. The beaches are, for example, arranged, for example extending, out of or projecting from the series of sinuosities or meanders. Each shape can include areas, for example a pair of areas 113, for example as described above. For each shape, the pads 113 can be connected to lines 1021, for example of the first sub-series, for example to ends of lines 1021. The two areas 1131 and 1132 are for example each connected to one end of the line of the first sub-series, for example an end distal with respect to the central trench 1026, the lines being for example successive lines. The two pads 1131 and 1132 can be connected physically electrically by a section 114, the section 114 being intended to form a shunt after printing. The section 114 is for example disposed at a part of the distal areas with respect to the series of sinuosities, in particular of meanders.

The intermediate lines thus have, among their distal end and their proximal end, one end connected to the preceding line and one end connected to the following line, for example the end connected to the preceding line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, for example the end connected to the following line being alternately the proximal end and the distal end of an intermediate line to the successive intermediate line, so as to form the sinuosity, the ends of the successive lines being connected by one of the connection sections or the section 114 described above. It is thus possible to print a plurality of prints on the same strip. The or certain prints are for example adapted to remain electrically connected to one another so as to form a pattern, optionally after the step 1502 of elimination, for example a plurality of successive prints, for example three, thus being adapted to form a pattern. Alternatively or in addition, the or certain impressions are for example adapted so as not to be electrically connected, for example after the elimination step 1502, for example so as to form or form part of distinct pattern (s) 102.

Referring to Figure 14, it is thus possible to print a plurality of prints, the plurality of prints comprising series of prints, for example three prints, each series being intended to form a pattern.

The roll may have a peripheral surface extending over an area between 0.2 and 1.5 m ² , for example between 0.30 and 0.40 m ² or between 0.60 and 0.70 m ² , or between 0.95 and 1.05 m ² . The shape can extend over an area between 0.2 and 1.5 m ² , for example between 0.30 and 0.40 m ² or between 0.60 and 0.70 m ² , or between 0, 95 and 1, 05 m ² .

The element and / or the manufacturing system is or are for example adapted to make it possible, from the same shape and / or a series of the same impressions, to produce using the manufacturing process of device described above different patterns from different numbers of prints, for example patterns from one print and / or patterns from several prints, for example a first number of prints greater than or equal to two and a second number of prints greater than or equal to two, for example two prints and / or patterns from three prints and / or patterns from four and / or five and / or six prints, and / or more than six prints. The same strip as described above can thus comprise, after printing identical prints, patterns of different sizes.

System manufacturing process

Referring to Figure 16, there is described a method of manufacturing the system.

The method of manufacturing the system can comprise a step 1601 of manufacturing the device (s) 10, for example according to the manufacturing process of the device described above.

The method of manufacturing the system may include a step 1602 of fixing the device (s) 10 on the surface 200 of the support 20 and / or forming a protection. The fixing is for example carried out by means of a fixing layer 106, and / or a resin 105 and / or a protective layer 107 as described above. Step 1602 may comprise a step 16021 of forming the fixing layer 106, for example by applying a resin layer, for example epoxy resin, to the support surface 200 and applying the device 10 to the surface. resin layer thus formed. Step 1602 may comprise, for example after step 16021, a step 16022 of forming the resin 105, for example applying a layer of resin, for example epoxy resin, on the device 10, for example on the surface of the device opposite to that facing the surface 200 of the support 20, for example so as to impregnate and / or saturate all or part of the device 10 with resin. Step 1602 can comprise, for example after step 16021 and / or in step 16022, a step 16023 of forming the protective layer 107, for example by applying a resin layer, for example epoxy resin, on the device 10, for example on the surface of the device opposite to that facing the surface 200 of the support 20. For one or more of steps 16021, 16022, 16023, the epoxy resin is for example a solvent-free epoxy resin, called 100% solid.

The system manufacturing process can include a step 1603 for installing and / or connecting the other elements of the system. Step 1603 may include the installation of the measuring means 103 and / or of the concentrator (s) 302 and / or of the gateway 303 and / or of the network 304 and / or of the monitoring and / or control means. 305 from a distance. Step 1603 may comprise the connection of the devices 10 to the measuring means 103 and / or the measuring means 103 to the concentrator (s) 302 and / or of the concentrator (s) to the gateway 303 and / or of the gateway 303 to the network 304 and / or from the network 304 to the remote monitoring and / or control means 305.

Condition monitoring process

Referring to Figure 17, there is described a method of monitoring the state of a medium, for example detecting a defect in a medium. The control method can be implemented by means of the control system. The control method can include a step 1701 of modifying the surface of the support, for example forming a defect in the wall, so as to modify one of the patterns.

The control method can comprise a step of detecting the modification of the pattern modified by the detection means. The detection step may for example comprise a step 1702 of measurement by the measuring means 103 associated with the pattern 102. The detection step may for example comprise, for example after step 1702, a step of transmitting data. measured by the measuring means at the associated concentrator 302, for example at the request of the concentrator 302. The control method can comprise, after the detection of the modification, for example after step 1702, and / or step 1703, a step of analyzing the measured data received by the concentrator 302, and / or if applicable, emission of an alarm message corresponding to the detection of the modification, and / or transmission of an alarm message to the gateway 304 and / or to the network 304 and / or to the monitoring means and / or remote control 305, the alarm message comprising the identifier of the measuring means 103.

Claims

1. Device (10) for monitoring the condition of a support (20), the device being adapted to be fixed to a surface (200) of the support, the device comprising a detection layer (101) comprising a pattern ( 102) printed in an electrically conductive ink, the pattern being adapted to be connected to measuring means (103) for detecting a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

The device of claim 1, wherein the support is a wall of a liquid storage container, the surface modification includes a defect in the wall, and the ink is dispersible in the liquid.

3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pattern comprises a series of sinuosities forming a conductive electrical loop.

4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ink comprises a dispersant and conductive pigments,

5. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the conductive pigments comprise lamellar particles of glass coated with silver.

Device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the device (10) forms a plate and / or a strip adapted to be assembled with other plates and / or strips formed by devices according to any one of the preceding claims, so as to cover at least a portion of the surface of the support, the detection layer comprising a plurality of patterns printed in an electrically conductive ink, each pattern being adapted to be connected to dedicated measurement means for detecting a modification the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

7. A support condition monitoring system (20), the system comprising:

- a plurality of devices (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, the devices being fixed on a surface (200) of the support,

- detection means (30), the pattern (102) of each device being connected to the detection means,

the detection means being adapted to detect a modification of one of the patterns resulting from a modification of the surface of the support, and to identify the modified pattern among the patterns.

8. System according to the preceding claim, wherein the detection means (30) comprise measuring means (103), the pattern of each device being connected to one of the measuring means, the measuring means being united in groups, the measuring means of the same group being electrically connected in series with each other.

9. System according to claim 7 or 8, wherein each device (10) forms a strip, the strips being assembled to each other, so as to cover at least part of the surface of the support, the detection layer of each. A strip comprising a plurality of patterns printed in an electrically conductive ink, each pattern being adapted to be connected to a dedicated measuring means for detecting a modification of the pattern resulting from a modification of the surface of the support.

10. A method of monitoring the state of a support (20), the method being implemented by means of a system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, the method comprising the steps of:

- modification of the surface (200) of the support so as to modify one of the patterns (102),

- detection of the modification of the modified pattern by the detection means (30).

11. A method of manufacturing a device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or a system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising a step of forming pattern (s) (102) on a support layer (104), comprising a step (1501) of printing by at least one roller of a plurality of identical impressions, and a step (1502) of removing one or more part (s) of the impressions, so as to form the pattern, the pattern forming a conductive electric loop.

12. The manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein the series of prints comprises at least one or more pairs of pads (1131, 1132), each pair of pads being electrically connected by a section (114), step ( 1502) deletion includes the deletion of at least one of the section (s).

13. The manufacturing method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein each print is arranged around a central trench (1026) of the print, each print comprising connection sections (1152, 1154) interrupting the central trench ( 1026) of the print, the central trenches (1026) of the prints being separated from each other by one or more of the connecting sections (1152, 1154), the step (1502) of removing comprising the removal of the one or more connecting sections separating at least two of the central trenches from each other, so as to form at least one central pattern trench comprising at least two of the central printing trenches, and so that, for each central pattern trench, to after the step of forming the pattern (s), one or the pattern (s) forms an electric loop around the central pattern trench.

14. The manufacturing method according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the prints comprise one or more connection sections (1151, 1153) electrically connecting the prints together, the step (1502) of removing comprising the removal of 'one or more of the connection sections, so as to form several distinct electrical loops.

15. Element of a system for manufacturing a device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, for implementing the method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, comprising or being formed by a roller having a shape on its periphery adapted to allow the printing of the plurality of identical impressions, so as to form, after removal of one or more part (s) of the impressions, the pattern, the pattern forming a conductive electric loop.

16. A system for manufacturing a device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, for implementing the method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, comprising an element according to claim 15.