WO2020248952A1 - Anti-stealing electric energy meter - Google Patents

Anti-stealing electric energy meter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248952A1
WO2020248952A1 PCT/CN2020/095015 CN2020095015W WO2020248952A1 WO 2020248952 A1 WO2020248952 A1 WO 2020248952A1 CN 2020095015 W CN2020095015 W CN 2020095015W WO 2020248952 A1 WO2020248952 A1 WO 2020248952A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
electric energy
energy meter
cover
module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/095015
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑哲
唐健
张宇航
山峰
明晋平
甘宏伟
周伟光
魏章波
林国庆
孟遥
易玲
颜如斌
Original Assignee
宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201920873104.1U external-priority patent/CN209823505U/en
Priority claimed from CN201920957149.7U external-priority patent/CN210225271U/en
Priority claimed from CN201921004556.2U external-priority patent/CN209822449U/en
Priority claimed from CN201922194646.9U external-priority patent/CN212433228U/en
Priority claimed from CN201922208551.8U external-priority patent/CN212433229U/en
Priority claimed from CN201922229055.0U external-priority patent/CN211348550U/en
Priority claimed from CN201922442531.7U external-priority patent/CN211352071U/en
Priority claimed from CN202021024265.2U external-priority patent/CN213750049U/en
Application filed by 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020248952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248952A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R11/00—Electromechanical arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. of consumption
    • G01R11/02—Constructional details
    • G01R11/24—Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of power terminals, in particular to an anti-theft electric energy meter.
  • the power terminal is also expanding in scale.
  • Electric energy meter is a very important power terminal.
  • the power supply of traditional electric energy meter is divided into resistance-capacitance step-down power supply, linear transformer power supply, switching power supply and so on.
  • domestic electric energy meter companies are under the pressure of product cost, and most of them use cost-effective resistance-capacitance step-down power supplies.
  • Traditional resistance-capacitance The step-down power supply cannot meet the requirements of wide voltage and large load.
  • Linear transformer and switching power supply solutions can meet the requirements of wide voltage and large load, but their high cost, large volume, weak anti-magnetic ability, no competitive advantage, and cannot be applied to all product structures.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an anti-stealing electric energy meter in view of the above existing problems in the prior art, which can resist strong magnetic and electrostatic attacks and improve the anti-stealing capability.
  • an anti-theft electric energy meter comprising a meter cover and a base arranged in sequence from front to back, the meter cover is arranged on the base, and the meter
  • the space enclosed by the cover and the base is provided with a circuit board, characterized in that: the watch cover is at least partially enclosed with a conductive element used to conduct the outside of the watch to the outside of the watch, and the conductive element is connected to the circuit
  • the metal contacts on the board are electrically connected.
  • the conductive member is a conductive protective cover partially covered on the circuit board, and the circuit board is partially located between the conductive protective cover and the base.
  • the conductive protective cover has an extension plate extending downward, the extension plate is provided with an elastic piece connected with the elastic piece, and the elastic piece has a bent portion extending in the direction of the circuit board, and the bent portion is connected to the
  • the metal contacts on the circuit board are electrically connected to the elastic contacts, and when the conductive protective cover is in the installed state, the elastic contacts abut against the metal contacts on the circuit board.
  • the front wall plate of the meter cover is provided with a button, the button has a key post extending toward the base, and the conductive protection The cover forms a connecting ring on the outer periphery of the key column.
  • the conductive element is a conductive protective wall
  • the conductive protective wall is ring-shaped
  • the outer circumference of the circuit board is at least partially surrounded by the conductive protective wall, the conductive protective wall and the circuit board
  • the conductive parts on the upper part are electrically connected.
  • the watch cover and the base are arranged in sequence from front to back, the conductive protective wall is installed in the watch cover, and the lower ends of the two first protective plates are connected to the back of the accommodating cavity.
  • the second protective plate At least partially in contact with a second protective plate, the second protective plate is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity, the second protective plate is connected with an elastic sheet, and the elastic sheet has a direction extending toward the circuit board
  • the bent portion is an elastic contact electrically connected to the conductive portion on the circuit board, and when the conductive protective wall is in the installed state, the elastic contact is connected to the circuit board
  • the conductive part is offset.
  • part of the watch cover is recessed in the direction of the base to form a containing cavity, and a communication module is arranged in the containing cavity.
  • the opening of the accommodating cavity is covered with a cover, the outer circumference of the accommodating cavity is formed with a first groove recessed from the side away from the base toward the base, and the peripheral wall of the cover is formed with The second groove is recessed toward the side of the base in a direction away from the base, and the first groove and the second groove are interlocked.
  • an antenna is also arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the antenna is welded to the module.
  • a first conductive hole is opened on the meter cover and adjacent to the accommodating cavity.
  • the protective cover corresponds and can conduct strong electricity to the conductive protective cover.
  • a second conductive is provided on the meter cover and adjacent to the accommodating cavity.
  • the meter cover and the cover plate are connected and fixed by a nut, and the second conductive hole is opened at the screw hole for setting the nut.
  • part of the watch cover is recessed in the direction of the base to form a accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity is provided with a module for communication, and the opening of the accommodating cavity is covered with a cover plate
  • the module includes a PCB board, and a buckle is formed on one side of the cover plate extending toward the accommodating cavity, and the buckle fixes the PCB board by clamping, and the PCB board is provided with a SIM slot.
  • the base is facing the space
  • a detachable anti-magnetic iron plate is arranged on one side
  • a magnetic latching relay is arranged in the space formed by the cover and the base
  • a shielding cover is arranged around the magnetic latching relay.
  • ribs are provided on the side of the base facing the space.
  • a power management system is provided on the circuit board, and the power management system includes an AC-DC module, a first A step-down circuit, a second step-down circuit, a third step-down circuit, a first super capacitor, and a step-up circuit.
  • the input end of the AC-DC module is connected to the mains and the output end is used as the driving power supply of the magnetic latching relay;
  • the output of the AC-DC module is also connected to the first step-down circuit and the second step-down circuit respectively, the output of the first step-down circuit is used to charge the first super capacitor;
  • the output of the second step-down circuit As the power supply of the module;
  • the output of the second step-down circuit is also connected to the third step-down circuit, and the output of the third step-down circuit is used as the MCU and system power;
  • the AC-DC module is constructed based on a power management chip High-voltage BUCK power supply.
  • the AC-DC module includes:
  • the EMC protection part is composed of protective devices to protect against lightning surges
  • Rectifier filter circuit used to convert alternating current into direct current
  • the control part can turn on the frequency multiplication function when the strong magnetic interference of the external environment is detected
  • the rectifier output part is used to convert the pulse voltage into a stable DC voltage
  • the feedback part is used to compare the output voltage of the collected and rectified output part with the target voltage to control the duty cycle of the control circuit of the part;
  • the high-voltage startup part is used to supply power to the power management chip during startup.
  • the circuit board is provided with a power management system, so
  • the power management system includes an AC-DC module, and the input end of the AC-DC module is connected to the city power for converting alternating current into direct current, and is characterized in that it also includes a dual-channel DC connected to the output end of the AC-DC module -DC module, the first output of the dual-channel DC-DC module is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system, and the other is connected to the communication module power supply of the electric energy meter through a control circuit.
  • the second output end of the DC-DC module is respectively connected with a first super capacitor and a second super capacitor.
  • the second super capacitor is connected to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, and is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system during a power failure.
  • the first super capacitor is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module through a boost circuit, and the boost circuit and the control circuit are respectively provided with a first control terminal and a second control terminal, the first control terminal Both the second control terminal and the second control terminal are connected to the port of the MCU, and are used for controlling the first super capacitor to supply power to the communication module through the MCU.
  • the power meter includes a communication module, a power supply, and a power supply circuit.
  • the power supply is electrically connected to the communication module, and the power supply circuit includes a storage battery.
  • the energy module, the boost control circuit and the boost circuit; the power supply, the energy storage module, the boost control circuit, the boost circuit, and the communication module are electrically connected in sequence, and the energy storage module is electrically connected with the boost circuit
  • the power supply is used to supply power to the communication module when the electric energy meter is not powered off, and to charge the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used to sequentially pass through when the electric energy meter is powered off
  • the boost control circuit and the boost circuit supply power to the communication module.
  • the electric energy meter includes a power conversion circuit, a switching device of the power conversion circuit and an inductor, and the inductor includes an inductor body, a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin ,
  • the inductor body includes at least two layers of windings, the first pin is connected with the innermost winding of the inductor body, the second pin is connected with the outermost winding of the inductor body, and the The first pin, the second pin, and the third pin form a first triangle.
  • the distance between the first pin and the second pin, the second pin and the third pin At least two of the distance between and the distance between the first pin and the third pin are not equal.
  • the electric energy meter includes a detection circuit, including a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a processor.
  • the first detection unit includes A first switching device and a first diode.
  • the second detection unit includes a second switching device and a second diode. The first input terminal of the first switching device is connected to the first switch of the electric energy meter.
  • the second input terminal of the first switching device is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch of the electric energy meter through the first diode, and the first input terminal of the second switching device Is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch, and the second input terminal of the second switch device is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch through the second diode, and the first switch
  • the output terminal of the device and the output terminal of the second switching device are both electrically connected to the processor; the first switching device is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the second switch and send it to the processor
  • the processor the second switch device is used to generate a second detection signal under the action of the first switch and send it to the processor;
  • the processor is used to generate a second detection signal according to the first detection signal and the The second detection signal determines the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch.
  • the utility model has the advantage that by providing a conductive element, when external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the cover, the conductive element is closer to the gap, and the static electricity is preferentially transferred to the nearest conductive element.
  • the conductive parts are electrically connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board, and the metal contacts lead to the live wire, and finally the static electricity is exported to the outside of the electric energy meter.
  • the electric components in the electric energy meter will not be damaged by static electricity;
  • the parts are in the form of a conductive cover placed on the circuit board. When static electricity hits the front wall plate of the meter cover or the side wall plate of the meter cover, the static electricity can be conducted away.
  • the structure design of the electric energy meter is more reasonable ; Through the double groove design between the cover plate and the watch cover, and by setting the built-in antenna, the antenna can be prevented from being exposed, and the external arc can be isolated from the structure; the isolation distance can be increased, and the internal module components can be effectively prevented from electric shock damage, while enhancing dust resistance Waterproof level; in order to make the strong electricity outside the electric energy meter pass to the conductive protective wall and then be exported to the earth; the cover plate is connected with the module through the buckle, which can reduce the cost of the device and the installation cost; by adopting the power management chip as AC- The DC circuit can make the structure simple, low cost, and can effectively protect against strong magnetic interference.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the hidden part of the cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the hidden part of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a part I of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the conductive protective wall of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the electric energy meter of the first embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the base of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the cover plate and the module of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the table cover and the base of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view (front and rear cross-section) of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a block diagram of the circuit principle of the AC-DC module of the power management system of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model;
  • FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model.
  • 16 is a cross-sectional view of the electric energy meter of the second embodiment of the utility model from another angle;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view of the structure in Figure 15 with the conductive protective wall removed;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 18;
  • Fig. 20 is a partial structural diagram of Fig. 18;
  • FIG. 21 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a part of the structure of FIG. 18;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive protective wall of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model;
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 24;
  • 26 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view from another angle of the electric energy meter of the third embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 26;
  • Fig. 29 is a partial structural diagram of Fig. 26;
  • FIG. 30 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of FIG. 29;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 29;
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 31;
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 35 is a schematic structural view of the conductive protective cover of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 36 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of Fig. 35;
  • Figure 37 is a functional block diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter in the fourth embodiment of the utility model
  • Fig. 38 is a circuit diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter in the fourth embodiment of the utility model.
  • Fig. 39 shows the first block diagram of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 40 shows a second block diagram of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 41 shows a schematic block diagram of the energy storage module of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 42 shows a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 43 shows a block diagram of the boost circuit of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 44 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 45 is a schematic structural diagram of an inductor provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 46 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductor body provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric energy meter provided by the seventh embodiment of the utility model.
  • Fig. 48 is a circuit schematic diagram of a detection circuit provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 49 is a circuit schematic diagram of another detection circuit provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • an anti-theft electric energy meter the direction described below is subject to the arrow shown in Figure 1. It includes a watch cover 1 and a base 2 arranged from front to back. The watch cover 1 is placed on the base 2, and the space 4 enclosed by the watch cover 1 and the base 2 is provided with a circuit board 3, which can be detached A conductive protective cover 7 used to conduct the external electricity entering the watch to the outside of the watch is installed in a type, and the outer circumference of the circuit board 3 is at least partially surrounded by the conductive protective cover 7.
  • the part of the watch cover 1 is recessed toward the base 2 to form an accommodating cavity 11 for accommodating the module 81.
  • the circuit board 3 is partially located behind the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the accommodating cavity 11 is also provided with a wire 82, the antenna 82 adopts a built-in antenna, and the antenna 82 is wave-soldered on the module 81 to prevent the antenna 82 from being exposed to the outside of the electric energy meter, thereby isolating the external arc from the structure.
  • the antenna 82 is a pifa antenna, that is, the ground pin and the feed pin of the antenna 82 are connected together, and when the body of the antenna 82 encounters a large current, it can be directly led to the ground of the main board.
  • the opening of the accommodating cavity 11 is covered with a cover plate 16 to enclose the module 81 and the antenna 82 in the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the watch cover 1 is formed with a first groove 113 recessed in the direction of the base 2 on the outer periphery of the accommodating cavity 11, and the peripheral wall of the cover 16 is formed with a first groove 113 recessed from the side toward the base 2 in the direction away from the base 2.
  • the two grooves 161, the first groove 113 and the second groove 161 are interlocked, that is, the wall of one of the grooves is inserted into the other groove, thereby forming a matching structure of double-layer grooves, which can increase the number of components of module 81 Creepage distance outside the energy meter.
  • When strong electricity enters the electric energy meter it is necessary to bypass the second groove 161 in the first groove 113, which increases the isolation distance, effectively avoids electric shock damage to internal components, and enhances the dust and waterproof level.
  • the conductive protective cover 7 is made of aluminum (aluminum nameplate), which mainly protects against 35KV electrostatic attack from the outside.
  • the conductive protective cover 7 is in contact with the metal contacts on the circuit board 3.
  • the contact leads to the live wire.
  • the left and right sides of the conductive shield 7 have extension plates 733 extending downwards.
  • the extension plates 733 have elastic pieces 734 connected to them.
  • the elastic pieces 734 have bent portions 7341 extending in the direction of the circuit board 3, and the bent portions 7341 are connected to the circuit board.
  • the metal contacts on the 3 are electrically connected to the elastic contacts.
  • the above-mentioned circuit board 3 is a PCB board.
  • the elastic contacts of the conductive protective cover 7 are connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board 3, and the metal contacts on the circuit board 3 are lead to the live wire, and the conductive protective cover 7
  • the static electricity is led away.
  • the presence of the elastic sheet and the elastic contact can pre-press the hand at the elastic contact, so that the contact between the conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit board is more stable and reliable.
  • This concave bending method can make the contact point elastic, and make the contact point have a pre-stressed state, making the contact better and more stable and reliable.
  • a first conductive hole 171 is opened on the watch cover 1 adjacent to the accommodating cavity 11 and above the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the position of the first conductive hole 171 corresponds to the conductive protective cover 7.
  • the strong electricity outside the electric energy meter is transmitted to the conductive protective cover 7 through the first conductive hole 171 on the meter cover 1, and finally is led out to the ground.
  • the watch cover 1 and the cover 16 are connected and fixed by a nut, and the second conductive The hole 172 is opened at a screw hole 173 for setting a nut.
  • the strong current passes through the double groove between the meter cover 1 and the module 81, the distance is relatively long, so by opening the second conductive hole 172, the strong current is led from the second conductive hole 172 to the conductive protective cover 7, and finally the meter is exported external.
  • the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 described above is provided with a button 6 whose position corresponds to the conductive protective cover 7, and the button 6 has a button column 61 extending in the direction of the base 2. Since the button 6 extends from the outside of the watch cover 1 to the inside of the watch cover 1 there will be a gap, by making the conductive protective cover 7 form a connecting ring 75 on the outer periphery of the key column 61, it can be used to prevent external strong electricity (35KV) static electricity Attack, destroy the internal components of the electric energy meter from button 6. In the event of an external strong electric attack, when the static electricity is transmitted to the inside of the electric energy meter through the air medium, it will be introduced into the conductive protective cover 7 due to the blocking of the connecting ring 75, and finally exported to the ground.
  • 35KV external strong electricity
  • the base 2 is provided with an anti-magnetic iron plate 25 on the side facing the space 4, which can be replaced.
  • the iron plate on the base 2 can be added or removed according to the requirements of different markets for static magnetic field protection. Board 2 to achieve the cost advantage.
  • the base 2 is provided with ribs 26 on the side facing the outside of the space 4.
  • the ribs 26 may have multiple, extending from top to bottom, and the ribs 26 are arranged side by side and spaced apart.
  • the module 81 includes a PCB board 811, the cover 16 extends toward one side of the accommodating cavity 11 to form a buckle 162, the buckle 162 preferably has two, respectively provided on the left and right sides, through the card
  • the buckle 162 can clamp and fix the PCB board 811 so as to cancel the cover of the module base.
  • the PCB board 811 is provided with a SIM slot 812, and the SIM slot 812 is used to set a SIM card 813.
  • the cover plate 16 is pulled out, when the cover plate 16 is pulled out of the teeth, the SIM slot 812 is directly exposed, the card insertion action is more convenient and quick, and the experience is improved.
  • the solution of the present application reduces the cost of the device and reduces the installation cost.
  • the double groove design on the periphery can effectively ensure that the original dustproof and waterproof functions are not affected.
  • the turn buckle assembly 18 includes a downwardly protruding buckle portion 181 provided on the base 2 and a turn buckle 182 provided on the watch cover 1.
  • the turn buckle 182 is formed with a downwardly recessed clip that cooperates with the buckle portion 181. When the groove is connected, after the turnbuckle 182 is elastically deformed, the buckle portion 181 is snapped into the turnbuckle 182 to complete the connection.
  • the watch cover 1 is transparent, and vertical stripes can be arranged on the left and right sides of the watch cover at the position corresponding to the circuit board 3, so that the internal component information can be blocked and the internal information can be protected.
  • the shape and size of the ultrasonic wire are designed between the watch cover 1 and the base 2, which can be compatible with both ultrasonic and non-ultrasonic forms, and can achieve obvious damage requirements when opening the case.
  • Base 2 is compatible with plastic hooks and metal hooks.
  • the wiring port 19 of the electric energy meter is designed with a pull-out port, and the size of the wiring port 19 can be selectively opened according to actual wiring requirements.
  • a magnetic latching relay K1 is also provided in the space formed by the watch cover 1 and the base 2, and a shielding cover 27 is provided around the relay K1.
  • the shielding cover 27 is made of pure iron and is connected to the iron plate 25 on the base 2. Cooperate to ensure that under 500mT strong magnetic interference, the magnetic latching relay K1 will not malfunction.
  • a power management system is provided on the circuit board 3, and a non-isolation solution is adopted as a whole, which has a lower cost.
  • the power supply GND adopts the floating wire scheme;
  • the AC-DC power supply adopts the high-voltage BUCK power scheme constructed with HF920, which has a simple structure, low cost, and can effectively protect against strong magnetic interference; the live wire ground and the PCB with open window pads will interfere
  • the conductive protective cover 7 is used for 35KV electrostatic protection measures.
  • the power management system includes an AC-DC module N1, a first step-down circuit N2, a second step-down circuit N3, a third step-down circuit N4, a first super capacitor C5, and a step-up circuit N5.
  • the mains power is converted into 15V direct current through the AC-DC module N1, which can be directly used as the driving power supply of the magnetic latching relay K1; the output of the AC-DC module N1 is also connected to the first step-down circuit N2 and the second step-down circuit N3, respectively ,
  • One of them uses the first step-down circuit N2 (LDO) to convert 15V to 5V, and the 5V power supply is used to charge the first super capacitor C5;
  • the other uses the second step-down circuit N3 (DC-DC) to convert 15V to 3.9 V, as the power supply of the communication module (3G, module 81); the output of the second step-down circuit N3 is also connected to the third step-down circuit N4, and the third step-down circuit N4 (LDO) converts 3.9
  • the system has a backup power supply, including an external battery N6, a clock battery N7 and a second super capacitor C6, which are all used for the MCU and system power supply of the electric energy meter.
  • the clock battery N7 and the second super capacitor C6 can choose one, and they are directly soldered on the PCB.
  • the backup power supply is used to maintain the electric energy meter in the case of a power failure; the clock battery N7 and the second super capacitor C6 are used as a secondary backup power supply to maintain the external battery N6 when the external battery N6 is damaged or unplugged.
  • the electric energy meter works; so as to protect some special ways of stealing electricity.
  • the first super capacitor C5 is used as the power supply for the data reported by the module 81 when the power fails.
  • the 5V power supply of the first super capacitor C5 is increased to 10V through the boost circuit N5, and then reduced to 3.9V to supply power to the module 81.
  • the minimum input voltage of N5 can be 2V, which can make more use of the stored energy of the first super capacitor C5.
  • the AC-DC module N1 is a high-voltage BUCK power supply based on the power management chip HF920. Compared with the traditional flyback power supply, its cost is lower, EMC protection is more comprehensive, strong magnetic interference protection is better, and it can protect against 35KV electrostatic attacks.
  • the AC-DC module N1 includes six parts: EMC protection part N11, rectification filter circuit N12, control part N13, rectification output part N14, feedback part N15 and high voltage start part N16.
  • the EMC protection part N11 is mainly composed of protective devices, including lightning surge protection devices-varistor RV1 and magnetic beads FB1, which can effectively protect the impact of lightning surges on the electric energy meter.
  • the first inductor L1 and the safety capacitor C4 form an EMI filter circuit to improve electromagnetic compatibility.
  • 35KV electrostatic protection discharge pad P1 which is in contact with the conductive protective cover 7, effectively protects against 35KV electrostatic attack.
  • the safety capacitor C4 is connected in parallel to both ends of the varistor RV1.
  • One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the safety capacitor C4, the other end is connected to the first resistor R1, and the other end of the safety capacitor C4 is connected to the first magnetic bead FB1.
  • the first resistor R1 and the first magnetic bead FB1 are respectively connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit N12.
  • the rectifier filter circuit N12 uses half-wave rectification to convert the AC power of the grid into DC power. It includes a first diode VD1 connected to the winding resistor R1, a second diode VD2 connected to the first diode VD1, and six resistors connected in series-the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth The resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2.
  • the anode of the first diode VD1 is connected to the first resistor R1
  • the cathode is connected to the anode of the second diode VD2
  • the cathode of the second diode VD2 is connected to one end of the six series resistors
  • the magnetic bead FB1 is connected to The other ends of the six series resistors are connected.
  • the cathode of the second diode VD2 outputs the voltage V_BUS.
  • the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2 are both high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which are used for smoothing and transform the AC power of the grid into a relatively stable DC voltage (V_BUS).
  • Both ends of the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 are respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2, the common end of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and both ends of the second electrolytic capacitor CE5 are respectively connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the first The common end of the five resistors R5, the magnetic bead FB1, and the end connected to the magnetic bead FB1 are grounded.
  • the control part N13 takes the power management chip U1 as the core.
  • the power management chip U1 is HF920, which controls the on and off of the internal MOS tube of the chip through the PWM control method, thereby converting the voltage on the front end V_BUS into a pulse Voltage.
  • the output of the rectifying and filtering part N12 (that is, the V_BUS terminal) is connected to the input terminal of the power management chip U1.
  • An eighth resistor R8 is connected to the FSET pin of the power management chip U1, the other end of the resistor is grounded, and the eighth resistor R8 is used to control the operating frequency of the power supply.
  • a first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with both ends of the eighth resistor R8 for enabling the frequency multiplication function of the power management chip U1.
  • the frequency multiplication function is turned on to ensure the normal operation of the power supply.
  • the rectifying output part N14 includes a third diode VD3, a fourth diode VD4, a second magnetic bead FB2, a second inductor L2, a second capacitor C2, and a third electrolytic capacitor C3 connected in parallel.
  • the cathodes of the third diode VD3 and the fourth diode VD5 are connected to the output terminal of the control part N13, and the anodes are both grounded.
  • the output end of the control part N13 is also connected to the second magnetic bead FB2 and the second inductor L2 in sequence.
  • One end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the second magnetic bead FB2, the second capacitor C2 and the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 are connected in parallel, and both ends Connect the other end of the second inductor L2 to the ground respectively.
  • the second inductor L2 and the filtering effect of the capacitor convert the pulse voltage into a stable DC voltage, and the fourth diode VD4 is used to provide a freewheeling loop.
  • the output voltage of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 is 15V.
  • the feedback part N15 collects the output voltage, compares the output voltage with the target voltage, and transmits the comparison result to the control part N13 to control the duty cycle of the circuit. It includes a Zener diode VD8, a transistor Q1, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and an eleventh resistor R11.
  • the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD8 serves as a reference for the feedback voltage, and the output voltage of the fourth diode VD4 is stabilized at the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD8.
  • the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to an input terminal (FB pin) of the control part N13, the emitter is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded, and one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the transistor Q1
  • the base and the other end of the zener diode VD8 are connected to the anode of the Zener diode VD8, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode VD8, the other end is grounded, and the cathode of the Zener diode VD8 is connected to the high voltage start part N16.
  • the breakdown voltage of the zener diode VD8 is used as the reference for the feedback voltage.
  • the zener diode VD8 breaks down, and a current is generated on the base of the transistor Q1 through the transistor Q1 The amplifying effect of, the current signal is transmitted to the control part N13, and the duty cycle is reduced.
  • the tertiary tube Q1 does not act, and controls to increase the duty cycle.
  • the high-voltage startup part N16 is used to turn on the internal MOS tube of the power management chip U1 when the system is started, and supply power to the power management chip U1 through the output loop to make it work. It includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4, a twelfth resistor R12, and a fifth diode VD5. Among them, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode VD8, the other end is grounded, and the cathode of the Zener diode VD8 is also connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the twelfth resistor R12. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode VD5, and the anode of the fifth diode VD5 is connected to the output voltage of 15V.
  • the electric energy meter can work normally under 500mT strong magnetic interference.
  • the magnetic field detection uses a low sensitivity Hall chip (AH1815-W-7) to ensure that magnetic field interference within 67mT is not detected, and magnetic field interference above 500mT can be detected.
  • the electric energy meter will not arbitrarily determine that strong magnetic power theft occurs. It is more accurate to judge electricity stealing in complex environments.
  • the metering part on the circuit board 3 adopts a double loop metering method, the live wire adopts a manganese-bronze shunt, and the neutral wire adopts a current transformer to measure the current, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of theft.
  • the manganese-copper sampling line uses twisted-pair wires (even-numbered turns), and the principle of mutual cancellation of the magnetic flux area of the twisted-pair wire is used to prevent the influence of the 10mT power frequency electromagnetic field on the manganese-copper sampling line.
  • Part of the wiring on the circuit board 3 (the wiring between the manganese-copper sampling point and the MCU interface) adopts the figure 8 wiring method, and also uses the principle of mutual cancellation of the magnetic flux area to prevent the 10mT power frequency electromagnetic field from affecting the circuit board 3 The influence of the trace.
  • the conductive member is a conductive protective wall 5
  • the conductive protective wall 5 is ring-shaped
  • the conductive protective wall 5 includes two first protective plates 51 arranged side by side on the left and right, two The first protective plates 51 are vertically arranged and extend forward and backward, a second protective plate 52 is connected between the lower ends of the two first protective plates 51, and the upper ends of the two first protective plates 51 are connected by a third protective plate 53 .
  • the left and right inner side walls of the watch cover 1 have second pressing plates 13 extending in the direction of the base 2, correspondingly .
  • the first protective plate 51 is provided with a first strip hole 511 for avoiding the second pressure plate 13, and the second pressure plate 13 is provided with a second limiting slot 131 for the first strip hole 511 to be inserted. 51 is partially inserted into the corresponding second limiting slot 131 and limited on the inner side of the watch cover 1, as shown in FIG. 20 for details.
  • the base 2 has a second support plate 22 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the circuit board 3.
  • the second support plate 22 is arranged adjacent to the inner side wall of the base 2.
  • the second supporting plate 22 has a connecting plate 23 connected to the corresponding inner side wall of the base 2 to support the first protective plate 51.
  • the first protective plate 51 is partially located on the second pressing plate Between 13 and the connecting plate 23, see FIG. 16 for details.
  • one side of the second support plate 22 is provided with an extension plate 221.
  • the extension plate 221 is provided with a buckle 222 on the side wall facing the circuit board 3.
  • the circuit board 3 is provided with a card
  • the buckle 222 is snap-fitted to the bayonet 31.
  • the circuit board 3 is mounted on the base 2 through the snap-fit of the buckle 222 and the bayonet 31. Refer to FIGS. 16 and 21 for details.
  • the second protective plate 52 of the conductive protective wall 5 is located between the circuit board 3 and the accommodating cavity 11, and is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the upper part of the second protective plate 52 has a folding plate 521 that is bent and extended forward and is in contact with the top surface of the back of the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the foldable plate 521 is provided with a button hole 5211.
  • the accommodating cavity 11 A clamping portion 112 is provided on the top surface of the, and the folded plate 521 is installed on the top surface of the accommodating cavity 11 through the clamping and fitting of the clamping portion 112 and the corresponding buckle hole 5211.
  • the second guard plate 52 includes a middle guard plate 520 extending laterally from the left and right, and extension arms 5201 that are bent and extended downward from the left and right ends of the middle guard plate 520.
  • the back of the accommodating cavity 11 has a positioning column 111 extending in the direction of the base 2.
  • the two extension arms 5201 of the second shield 52 are both provided with the positioning columns 111.
  • the second guard plate 52 is positioned on the back of the accommodating cavity 11 through the insertion and mating of the positioning post 111 and the positioning hole 5212, as shown in FIG. 20 for details.
  • the above-mentioned extension arm 5201 is connected with an elastic piece 522.
  • the elastic piece 522 has a bending portion 5221 extending in the direction of the circuit board 3, and the bending portion 5221 is connected to the circuit board 3.
  • the elastic contacts electrically connected with the conductive parts, when the conductive protective wall 5 is installed, the elastic contacts abut against the conductive parts on the circuit board 3, thus realizing the electrical connection between the conductive protective wall 5 and the conductive parts on the circuit board 3 .
  • the above-mentioned conductive part is a metal contact
  • the circuit board 3 is a PCB board.
  • the elastic contact of the conductive protective wall 5 is connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3, and the metal contact on the circuit board 3 leads to the live wire, and Conduct the static electricity on the conductive protective wall 5 away.
  • the presence of springs and elastic contacts can pre-press the hands at the elastic contacts, making the contact between the conductive protective wall and the circuit board more stable and reliable.
  • the above-mentioned third guard plate 53 includes a middle plate 531 arranged side by side with the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1, and both ends of the middle plate 531 in the longitudinal direction pass through the bending plate 532 and the corresponding side respectively.
  • the front edges of the first guard plate 51 are connected.
  • the inner side wall of the top plate 15 of the watch cover has a first pressure plate 12 extending in the direction of the base 2, and a first limiting groove 121 is opened on the front end of the first pressure plate 12, and the third guard
  • the plate 53 is inserted into the first limiting slot 121 and limited on the top plate 15 of the watch cover.
  • the base 2 has a first support plate 21 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the third guard plate 53.
  • the first support plate 21 is connected to the third support plate 24 used to support the circuit board 3.
  • the front edge of the supporting plate 24 is located in front of the first supporting plate 21, and the third supporting plate 24, the first supporting plate 21 and the cover top plate 15 are enclosed to form the rear edge of the third guard plate 53 to be inserted therein
  • the third protective plate 53 is located between the first pressing plate 12 and the first supporting plate 21, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 17 for details.
  • the watch cover 1 is provided with a mounting hole 141 for inserting the key post 61, the end of the key post 61 is covered with a key cover 611, and the key cover 611 faces the circuit board 3
  • the conductive protective wall 5 has a connecting ring 54 for the key column 61 to pass through.
  • the connecting ring 54 is located between the watch cover 1 and the key cover 611
  • the inner side of the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 has a protruding column 14 extending in the direction of the base 2.
  • a mounting hole 141 penetrates the protruding column 14 along its length direction, and a limiting rib 142 is protruding on the peripheral wall of the protruding column 14 ,
  • the connecting ring is located between the limiting rib 142 and the button sleeve 611, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 22 for details.
  • the conductive protective wall When external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the watch cover, the conductive protective wall is closer to the gap. In this way, the static electricity is preferentially transmitted to the corresponding position of the nearest conductive protective wall.
  • the conductive protective wall is electrically connected to the conductive part on the circuit board. The part leads to the live wire, and finally leads the static electricity to the outside of the electric energy meter. Then, the electric components in the electric energy meter will not be damaged by static electricity, and the above conductive protective wall can prevent 35kV static electricity.
  • the conductive element is in the form of an aluminum plate, and the conductive element is electrically connected with the metal contacts on the circuit board 3.
  • the conductive element is a conductive protective cover 7 partially covered on the circuit board 3.
  • the circuit board 3 is partially located between the conductive protective cover 7 and the base 2.
  • the conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit Electrical components are arranged in the enclosed area between the plates 3.
  • the conductive protective cover 7 includes a front guard plate 71 arranged side by side with the front wall plate of the watch cover 1.
  • the left and right sides of the front guard plate 71 have sides bent in the direction of the base 2.
  • the guard plate 72, the side guard plates 72 and the left and right sides of the watch cover 1 are arranged side by side; the upper edge of the front guard plate 71 has an upper guard plate 74 extending in the direction of the base 2, and the lower edge of the side guard plate 72 has a rearward and Bent plate 73 extending downward.
  • both the left and right inner side walls of the watch cover 1 have a second pressure plate 13 extending in the direction of the base 2.
  • the side guard plate 72 is provided with a second escape hole 721 for avoiding the second pressure plate 13.
  • the second pressing plate 13 is provided with a second limiting slot 131 for inserting the side guard plate 72 in the corresponding position, and the side guard plate 72 is partially inserted in the corresponding second limiting slot 131 and is limited in
  • the inside of the watch cover 1 is shown in Figure 31 and Figure 32 for details.
  • the base 2 has a second support plate 22 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the circuit board 3.
  • the second support plate 22 is disposed adjacent to the inner side wall of the base 2.
  • the second support plate 22 has a connecting plate 23 connected to the corresponding inner side wall of the base 2 to support the side guard plate 72.
  • the side guard plate 72 is partially located on the second pressing plate 13 And the connecting plate 23, see FIG. 27 for details.
  • an extension plate 221 is provided on one side of the second support plate 22, and the extension plate 221 is provided with a buckle 222 on the side wall facing the circuit board 3, correspondingly ,
  • the circuit board 3 is provided with a bayonet 31 that engages with the buckle 222. In this way, the circuit board 3 is mounted on the base 2 through the buckle 222 and the bayonet 31.
  • the upper guard plate 74 and the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1 are arranged side by side. In order to insert the upper guard plate, as shown in Fig.
  • the inner side wall of the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1 has a first pressing plate 12 extending in the direction of the base 2.
  • the upper guard plate 74 is provided with a avoidance section.
  • a first escape hole 741 of the pressure plate 12 is provided with a first limit slot 121 into which the corresponding position of the upper guard plate 74 is inserted.
  • the upper guard plate 74 is partially inserted into the corresponding first limit slot.
  • the position groove 121 is limited to the inner side of the watch cover 1, as shown in FIG. 31; and the base 2 has a first support plate extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the upper shield 74 of the conductive protective cover 7 21.
  • the conductive protective cover 7 is partially located between the first supporting plate 21 and the first pressing plate 12.
  • a third support plate 24 for supporting the circuit board 3 is connected to the first support plate 21, the front edge of the third support plate 24 is located in front of the first support plate 21, the third support plate 24, the first support plate 21 and the watch
  • the top cover plate 15 is enclosed to form a slot into which the rear edge of the upper guard plate 74 is inserted.
  • the upper guard plate 74 is located between the first pressing plate 12 and the first supporting plate. Between 21, see Figure 27 and Figure 29 for details.
  • the outer surface of the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 has an accommodation cavity 11 recessed in the direction of the base 2 for accommodating modules.
  • the circuit board 3 is partially located behind the accommodation cavity 11 and a conductive protective cover
  • the bending plate 73 of 7 is located between the circuit board 3 and the accommodating cavity 11, and is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11, as shown in FIG. 29 for details.
  • the longitudinal section of the bent plate 73 is L-shaped, and includes a horizontal plate 731 and a vertical plate 732.
  • the horizontal plate 731 of the bent plate 73 is provided with a button hole 7311.
  • the top surface of the containing cavity 11 is provided with The snap-in portion 112 and the bent plate 73 are installed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11 through snap-fitting of the snap-in portion 112 and the corresponding buckle hole 7311, as shown in FIG. 32 for details.
  • the upper opening of the vertical plate 732 is provided with a plug-in fitting with the positioning post 111
  • the positioning hole 7321 and the bending plate 73 are positioned on the back surface of the accommodating cavity 11 through the insertion and fit of the positioning post 111 and the positioning hole 7321, as shown in FIG. 27 for details.
  • both the left and right ends of the vertical plate 732 have extension plates 733 extending downward.
  • the extension plates 733 have elastic pieces 734 connected to them, and the elastic pieces 734 have extension plates extending in the direction of the circuit board 3.
  • the bent portion 7341, the bent portion 7341 is an elastic contact electrically connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3.
  • the elastic contact is connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3. Point out.
  • the above-mentioned circuit board 3 is a PCB board.
  • the elastic contacts of the conductive protective cover 7 are connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board 3, and the metal contacts on the circuit board 3 are lead to the live wire, and the conductive protective cover 7 The static electricity is led away.
  • the presence of the elastic sheet and the elastic contact can pre-press the hand at the elastic contact, so that the contact between the conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit board is more stable and reliable.
  • the conductive protective cover when external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the watch cover, the conductive protective cover is placed on the circuit board, so that the conductive protective cover is closer to the gap, so that the static electricity is preferentially transferred to the nearest conductive protection
  • the conductive protective cover is electrically connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board, and the metal contacts lead to the live wire, and finally the static electricity is exported to the outside of the electric energy meter. Then, the electric components in the electric energy meter will not Damaged by static electricity, the above-mentioned conductive protective cover can prevent 35kV static electricity.
  • the power management system includes an AC-DC module N1, a DC-DC module N2, a first super capacitor C5 and a second super capacitor C6.
  • the input end of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the mains for The AC power is converted into DC power.
  • the output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module N2.
  • the first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the MCU and The main power supply of the system, the other is connected to the communication module power supply of the electric energy meter through the control circuit N6, the second output terminal Vout2 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is respectively connected to the first super capacitor C5 and the second super capacitor C6, the second super capacitor C6 is connected to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, and is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system in the event of a power failure.
  • the first super capacitor C5 is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module N2 through the boost circuit N5, and the boost circuit N5 and control circuit N6 are respectively provided with a first control terminal EN1 and a second control terminal EN2. Both the first control terminal EN1 and the second control terminal EN2 are connected to the ports of the MCU for controlling the first super capacitor C5 to give Communication module power supply.
  • the AC-DC module N1 is a rectifier filter circuit
  • the output voltage of the AC-DC module N1 is 13.5V
  • the dual-channel DC-DC module N2 uses the ISL6227 chip, which is stepped down by the dual-channel DC-DC module N2 Later, the output voltage of the first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is 3.8V, and the output voltage of the second output terminal Vout2 is 5V.
  • the output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is also divided into one channel.
  • the output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the anode of the first diode VD1, and the cathode of the first diode VD1 is the first output terminal OUTPUT1.
  • the terminal OUTPUT1 is connected to the relay, which is used to drive the relay in the electric energy meter.
  • the output voltage of 13.5V at the output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is isolated by the first diode VD1, and the output voltage of the first output terminal OUTPUT1 obtained is 13V, which is used to supply power to the relay in the electric energy meter.
  • One of the first output terminals Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is connected to the anode of the eighth diode VD8, and the cathode of the eighth diode VD8 is connected to the anode of the second electrolytic capacitor CE2.
  • the negative pole is grounded.
  • the connection between the eighth diode VD8 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2 is the third output terminal OUTPUT3.
  • the third output terminal OUTPUT3 is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system. Power supply.
  • control circuit N6 for controlling the power supply of the communication module includes a third electrolytic capacitor CE3, a fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a MOS transistor Q1, a transistor V1, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6.
  • the seventh resistor R7 the other one of the first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is connected to the positive electrode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3, the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3, the negative electrode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 and The other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected and grounded, the anode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 and the connection end of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the fifth resistor R5 and the source of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the MOS transistor
  • the gate of Q1, the connection end of the fifth resistor R5 and the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor V1
  • the base of the transistor V1 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7
  • the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is The second control terminal EN2, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of the first triode V1 and grounded, the drain of the
  • the positive electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.
  • the connection between the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 and the fourth capacitor C4 is the fourth output terminal OUTPUT4, and the fourth output terminal OUTPUT4 is connected to communication
  • the module power supply is used to supply power to the communication module.
  • the MOS tube Q1 is a PMOS tube
  • the transistor V1 is an NPN tube.
  • the second output terminal Vout2 of the dual DC-DC module is respectively connected to the first dual diode
  • the second two-way diode is a forward parallel connection of the fourth diode VD4 and the fifth diode VD5
  • the second two-way diode is the sixth diode VD6 and the seventh diode VD7 is connected in parallel in the forward direction.
  • the cathodes of the fourth diode VD4 and the fifth diode VD5 are both connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the first supercapacitor C5.
  • the cathodes of the pole tube VD6 and the seventh diode VD7 are both connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the anode of the second super capacitor C6, the cathode of the first super capacitor C5 and the second super capacitor C6
  • the cathode of the fourth resistor R4 and the second super capacitor C6 are also connected to the anode of the third diode VD3.
  • the cathode of the third diode VD3 is the second output terminal OUTPUT2, and the second output terminal OUTPUT2 Connect the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system.
  • the second super capacitor C6 is used to store electric energy when the mains power is working, and in the case of a power failure, the electric energy in the second super capacitor C6 is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, which can effectively solve the power failure
  • the power outage of the meter can still be used in the event of a power outage.
  • a second capacitor C2 is also connected between the connection end of the third resistor R3 and the first super capacitor C5, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the second capacitor C2 is connected to the boost circuit N5, wherein the boost circuit N5 includes an inductor L1 , Boost chip N3, second diode VD2, first electrolytic capacitor CE1, first capacitor C1, first resistor R1 and second resistor R2, second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the other end of inductor L1 is connected The anode of the second diode VD2 and the cathode of the second diode VD2 are connected to the connection terminal of the AC-DC module N1 and the dual DC-DC module N2.
  • the fifth pin of the boost chip N3 is connected to the second capacitor C2
  • the fourth pin of the boost chip N3 is the first control terminal EN1
  • the first pin of the boost chip N3 is connected to the connection terminal of the second diode VD2 and the inductor L1
  • the second pin of N3 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1
  • the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2
  • the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first electrolytic capacitor CE1.
  • the boost chip N3 adopts the LN2220 chip, and the first control terminal EN1 of the boost chip N3 and the second control terminal EN2 in the control circuit are connected through the MCU.
  • the MCU controls the boost circuit to not work. After a power failure, the MCU controls the boost circuit to power the communication module.
  • the dual DC-DC module is used to output two different voltage systems, and the other is used to
  • the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main system power supply and communication module provide power, and the other is to charge the super capacitor, which is used for discharging the two super capacitors separately when the power fails, and is used by the MCU and the main system power supply and communication module.
  • the power management system uses fewer boost and step-down circuits, which reduces the possibility of failure and can meet different voltage systems and power supply to the entire system in the event of a power outage. Therefore, the circuit of the energy meter is simple, low-cost and stable Good performance, not easy to damage, can ensure the normal use of the electric energy meter.
  • the electric energy meter 10 includes a power supply 100, a power supply circuit 200, and a communication module 300.
  • the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300, and the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300 through the power supply circuit 200, that is, the power supply circuit 200 and the power supply 100 ,
  • the communication modules 300 are electrically connected.
  • the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300 and the power supply circuit 200, and is used to supply power to the communication module 300 and charge the power supply circuit 200 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, so that the electric energy meter 10 When the power is off, the power supply circuit 200 can supply power to the communication module 300.
  • the power supply 100 can be a battery pack composed of multiple batteries connected in series to provide a DC power supply 100 for the communication module 300 and the power supply circuit 200, or it can be a power supply 100 adapter that converts AC power to DC power and provides DC power for the communication module 300 and the communication module 300 100.
  • the power supply circuit 200 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the communication module 300, and is used to store the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered off, and to provide the The communication module 300 supplies power.
  • the power supply circuit 200 includes an energy storage module 210, a boost control circuit N620, and a boost circuit 230.
  • the power supply 100, the energy storage module 210, the boost control circuit N620, the boost circuit 230, and the communication module 300 are electrically connected in sequence, and the energy storage module 210 is electrically connected with the boost circuit 230.
  • the power supply circuit 200 may further include a protection circuit 240, which is electrically connected to the boost circuit 230 and the communication Between the modules 300 and electrically connected between the power supply 100 and the communication module 300.
  • the energy storage module 210 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, the boost control circuit N620, and the boost circuit 230, and is used to store the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, and to When the power meter 10 is powered off, the communication module 300 is supplied with power through the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 in sequence.
  • the energy storage module 210 includes a voltage conversion circuit 211 and an energy storage capacitor 212.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, and the voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the boost control circuit N620.
  • the energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the boost control circuit N620. Both the voltage control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 are electrically connected.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, the energy storage capacitor 212, and the boost control circuit N620, and is used for voltage conversion of the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 to charge the energy storage capacitor 212.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 211 includes a voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 and a step-down circuit 2112.
  • the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 and the step-down circuit 2112 are electrically connected, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the step-up control circuit N620.
  • the voltage circuit 2112 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212.
  • the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 is used for stabilizing the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 and then transmitting it to the step-down circuit 2112 so that the step-down circuit 2112 steps down the voltage and then charges the energy storage capacitor 212.
  • the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a voltage stabilizing chip N1, and the step-down circuit 2112 includes a first diode VD1 and a first resistor R1.
  • the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip N1 is connected to the power supply 100 and is grounded through the first capacitor C1; the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip N1 is electrically connected to the boost control circuit N620, and is grounded through the second capacitor C2, and is connected to the first diode
  • the anode of the tube VD1 is electrically connected; the cathode of the first diode VD1 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212 through the first resistor R1.
  • the voltage regulator chip N1 may be a 78L05 voltage regulator chip N1.
  • the first resistor R1 can be an adjustable resistor. By adjusting the resistance of the adjustable resistor, the charging voltage and current can be changed, and then the charging time can be changed to suit the operation requirements; and the first diode VD1 is unidirectional It can avoid the phenomenon of voltage back irrigation after the electric energy meter 10 is powered off.
  • the energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the step-down circuit 2112, the step-up control circuit N620, and the step-up circuit 230, and is used to store the electrical energy transmitted by the step-down circuit 2112 when the electrical energy meter 10 is not powered down, and store it in the electrical energy meter 10.
  • power is supplied to the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230, and power is supplied to the communication module 300 through the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 in turn.
  • One end of the energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the step-down circuit 2112, the step-up control circuit N620, and the step-up circuit 230, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor 212 is grounded.
  • the energy storage capacitor 212 may be a super capacitor.
  • the boost control circuit N620 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111, and the boost circuit 230, and is used to automatically turn on when the electric energy meter 10 is powered off, so that the boost circuit 230 can Boost the electric energy transferred from the energy storage capacitor 212, and then supply power to the communication module 300. That is to say, when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, the boost control circuit N620 is not turned on, and the boost circuit 230 cannot supply power to the storage capacitor. The electric energy transferred from the capacitor 212 can be boosted, and the communication module 300 cannot be supplied with power.
  • the boost control circuit N620 includes a second diode VD2, a transistor Q1, a second resistor R2, and a third capacitor C3.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2.
  • the anode is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212; the base of the transistor Q1 is grounded through the second resistor R2, and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator chip N1; the collector of the transistor Q1 is grounded through the third capacitor C3, and is connected to the boost circuit 230 electrical connections.
  • the transistor Q1 may be a 2SA1037 type transistor
  • the boost circuit 230 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, the collector of the transistor Q1, and the protection circuit 240, and is used to boost the electric energy transmitted by the energy storage capacitor 212 when the transistor Q1 is turned on. After being pressed, it is transmitted to the communication module 300 through the protection circuit 240 to supply power to the communication module 300.
  • the boost circuit 230 includes a fourth capacitor C4, a boost unit 231, a filter circuit 232, and a voltage divider circuit 233, an energy storage capacitor 212, a fourth capacitor C4, a boost unit 231, a filter circuit 232, and a protection circuit 240 is electrically connected in sequence, the voltage divider circuit 233 is electrically connected to the filter circuit 232 and the boost unit 231, and the boost unit 231 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q1.
  • the boost unit 231 includes a boost chip N2, an inductor L and a third diode VD3, the filter circuit 232 includes a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth capacitor C6, and the voltage divider circuit 233 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4;
  • the input terminal (VIN) of the boost chip N2 is grounded through the fourth capacitor C4, and is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, and is electrically connected to the control terminal (SW) of the boost chip N2 through the inductor L;
  • the control terminal of the boost chip N2 (SW) is electrically connected to the anode of the third diode VD3, the cathode of the third diode VD3 is grounded through the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 is connected in parallel to both ends of the fifth capacitor C5, and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the
  • the protection circuit 240 is electrically connected; the enable terminal (EN) of the boost chip N2 is electrically connected with the collector of the transistor Q1; the feedback terminal
  • the protection circuit 240 is electrically connected to the sixth capacitor C6, the power supply 100, and the communication module 300.
  • the protection circuit 240 includes a fourth diode VD4, the anode of the fourth diode VD4 and the sixth capacitor C6,
  • the power supplies 100 are all electrically connected, and the cathode of the fourth diode VD4 is electrically connected to the communication module 300.
  • the protection circuit 240 may further include a fourth diode VD4 and a fifth diode VD5, the anode of the fourth diode VD4 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, and the fourth diode VD4
  • the cathode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the communication module 300; the anode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the sixth capacitor C6, and the cathode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the communication module 300.
  • the communication module 300 is electrically connected to the protection circuit 240 and electrically connected to the main control chip of the electric energy meter 10 for communicating with the server.
  • the main control chip When the electric energy meter 10 is powered off, the main control chip generates the power down time
  • the information is sent to the server through the communication module 300.
  • the communication module 300 may be, but is not limited to, a DSP chip and a semiconductor chip. Communication can be through optical fiber, wired broadband or dedicated 4G channels.
  • this embodiment also has the following beneficial effects:
  • the maximum charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor can be limited to prevent overcharging and damage the energy storage capacitor.
  • the first resistor can To limit the charging current, the first diode and the first resistor are beneficial to increase the charging life of the energy storage capacitor. If the charging speed of the energy storage capacitor needs to be increased, the first resistor can be adaptively reduced.
  • the working principle of the power supply circuit provided by the utility model is:
  • the power supply supplies power to the communication module through the protection circuit, and also charges the energy storage capacitor through the voltage conversion circuit, which stores electrical energy; when the energy meter is powered off, the energy stored by the energy storage capacitor Power is supplied to the communication module through the boost control circuit, the boost circuit and the protection circuit in sequence, so that the power meter can still send the power failure event information to the server in the case of a power failure.
  • the utility model provides a power supply circuit and an electric energy meter.
  • the power supply charges the energy storage module of the power supply circuit and supplies power to the communication module.
  • the electric energy meter is powered off, it has been charged.
  • the energy storage module in turn supplies power to the communication module through the boost control circuit and the boost circuit, which effectively solves the situation that the power meter cannot send the power failure event information to the server after the power meter is powered off, thereby realizing the power failure of the power meter
  • the incident information is reported so that the staff can repair as soon as possible and reduce losses.
  • the electric energy meter is provided with a power conversion circuit, generally LDO (Low Dropout Regulator, low dropout linear regulator) circuit and DC/DC (Direct current-Direct current converter, voltage conversion ) Circuit.
  • LDO Low Dropout Regulator, low dropout linear regulator
  • DC/DC Direct current-Direct current converter, voltage conversion
  • Buck circuit When the Buck circuit is in CCM mode, that is, when the inductor current is continuous, if the switch is turned on, the voltage at point A is Vin and the voltage at point B is Vout. ; If the switch is off, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage, and the voltage at point B is Vout; when the Buck circuit is in DCM operating mode, that is, when the inductor current is intermittent, if the switch is turned on, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage.
  • CCM mode that is, when the inductor current is continuous
  • the switch If the switch is off, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage, and the voltage at point B is Vout
  • DCM operating mode that is, when the inductor current is intermittent, if the switch is turned on, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage.
  • the voltage at point B is Vout; if the switch is off and the inductor current is not zero, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage; if the switch is off and the inductor current is zero, the voltage at point A is Vout and the voltage at point B is also Vout.
  • inductors generally include multilayer windings, which are arranged layer by layer, and inductors generally include a beginning and an end. The beginning of the inductor is connected to the innermost winding of the inductor, and the end of the inductor is connected to the outermost winding of the inductor.
  • the starting end of the inductor When installing the inductor, if the starting end of the inductor is connected to point A, the starting end of the inductor is the "moving point". Because the "moving point" is located in the innermost layer of the inductor, the rest of the winding is surrounded by the outside, so the outer layer The winding forms a shield, which can suppress the energy radiated from the "moving point". However, if the end of the inductor is connected to point A, the "moving point" is exposed on the outermost side. Since there is no shielding effect, stronger energy is radiated outward. Therefore, during the installation process, the starting end of the inductor should be installed at point A of the circuit.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an inductor 100.
  • the inductor 100 includes an inductor body 110, a first pin 120, a second pin 130, and a third pin 140.
  • the inductor body 110 includes at least two layers of windings, the first pin 120 is connected to the innermost winding of the inductor body 110, the second pin 130 is connected to the outermost winding of the inductor body 110, and the first pin 120 ,
  • the second pin 130 and the third pin 140 form a first triangle, the distance between the first pin 120 and the second pin 130, the distance between the second pin 130 and the third pin 140 And at least two of the distances between the first pin 120 and the third pin 140 are not equal.
  • the inductor 100 provided in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the inductor 100 will not be reversed when the inductor 100 is installed, and thus no large radiation interference will be generated.
  • the first pin 120 is connected to the beginning of the inductor 100, and the second inductor 100 is connected to the end of the inductor 100. That is, in the installation circuit, it should be ensured that the first pin 120 is connected to the circuit.
  • the second pin 130 is connected to point B of the circuit.
  • the effect of making the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 form a first triangle can be achieved, and the first triangle is a non-equlateral triangle, so that A mounting hole is provided on the mounting board, and the shape of the mounting hole is consistent with the shape of the first triangle, and the user can insert the inductor 100 into the mounting hole at a fixed angle during the installation process, and the first pin 120
  • the inserted target mounting hole is positioned at point A of the circuit, so that after inserting the inductor 100 into the mounting hole, the first pin 120 must be connected to the position of point A of the circuit, thereby ensuring that the inductor 100 will not be The impact is small.
  • the user can only insert the inductor 100 when the first pin 120 is aligned with the mounting hole, even if the installer does not pay attention to the start and end of the inductor 100, he can ensure that the start of the inductor 100 is connected to point A. position.
  • the inductor 100 further includes a shell, the shell is wrapped around the inductor body 110, and the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 Pass through the shell and expose. At the same time, for ease of installation, the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 all pass through the same side of the housing.
  • the housing provided in this embodiment adopts an insulating housing.
  • the housing provided in this application is made of plastic
  • the third pin 140 provided in this embodiment is only used for positioning the mounting position of the inductor 100, this embodiment does not make any limitation on the fixing of the third pin 140.
  • the third pin 140 does not have any electrical connection.
  • the third pin 140 is connected to the housing for fixing, or the third pin 140 is suspended.
  • the third pin 140 is connected to the inductor body 110, where the third pin 140 can be connected to any layer of winding in the inductor body 110, which is not limited in this embodiment. Moreover, since the third pin 140 is not connected to any device or circuit after being inserted into the mounting hole, the normal use of the inductor 100 will not be affected.
  • a power conversion circuit using the above-mentioned inductor includes a switching device and the above-mentioned inductor 100, and the first pin 120 is electrically connected to the switching device.
  • the power conversion circuit takes a Buck circuit as an example.
  • the power conversion circuit can also be a Boost circuit or a Buck-Boost circuit. Take the Boost circuit as an example below.
  • the power conversion circuit further includes a power source, a diode, and a capacitor.
  • the anode of the power source is electrically connected to one end of the switching device, the other end of the switching device is electrically connected to the cathode of the diode and one end of the inductor 100, and the other end of the inductor 100 is electrically connected to the capacitor.
  • One end of the inductor 100 is electrically connected, and the other end of the inductor 100 is also used to electrically connect to a load.
  • the anode of the diode and the other end of the capacitor are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply and grounded.
  • the switching device described in this embodiment may be a switching device such as a triode or a MOS tube.
  • the Boost circuit provided by this embodiment, it is possible to realize that when the switching device is closed and the load is supplied by the power supply, while the inductor 100 stores a part of electric energy, when the switching device is off, the load is supplied by the inductor 100. At the same time, it is ensured that the first pin 120 of the inductor 100 is connected to point A in the circuit, so that excessive energy will not be radiated to the outside, thereby improving the radio frequency transceiver performance of the mobile power module in the electric energy meter.
  • the power conversion circuit assembly includes a mounting board and the power conversion circuit described in the second embodiment.
  • the mounting board is provided with at least a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a third mounting hole.
  • the mounting hole wherein the first mounting hole corresponds to the switch device, the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole and the third mounting hole enclose a second triangle, and the shape of the first triangle is the same as the shape of the second triangle,
  • the first pin 120 is inserted into the first mounting hole, the second pin 130 is inserted into the second mounting hole, and the third pin 140 is inserted into the third mounting hole.
  • the first pin 120 can be connected to point A in the circuit.
  • This embodiment also provides an electric energy meter, which includes the inductor 100 described in the first embodiment. It can be understood that the electric energy meter also includes a mobile communication module, and in the process of circuit design, the position of the inductor 100 is close to the position of the mobile communication module.
  • the electric energy meter also includes a mobile communication module, and in the process of circuit design, the position of the inductor 100 is close to the position of the mobile communication module.
  • FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram of an implementable structure of the electric energy meter 100 provided in this embodiment.
  • the electric energy meter 100 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a detection circuit 110, and both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are electrically connected to the detection circuit 110.
  • the detection circuit 110 can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2.
  • the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be used, but are not limited to relays.
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram of an implementable circuit of the detection circuit 110 provided in this embodiment.
  • the detection circuit 110 includes a first detection unit 111, a second detection unit 112, and a processor 113.
  • the unit 111 includes a first switching device E1 and a first diode D1.
  • the second detection unit 112 includes a second switching device E2 and a second diode D2.
  • the first input terminal of the first switching device E1 is connected to the power meter 100.
  • the first terminal of the first switch K1 is electrically connected
  • the second input terminal of the first switch device E1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch K2 of the electric energy meter 100 through the first diode D1
  • the second terminal of the second switch device E2 The first input terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch K2
  • the second input terminal of the second switch device E2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch K1 through the second diode D2
  • the first switch device E1 Both the output terminal of and the output terminal of the second switching device E2 are electrically connected to the processor 113.
  • the first switching device E1 is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the second switch K2, and sent to the processor 113;
  • the second switching device E2 is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the first switch K1
  • the second detection signal is sent to the processor 113;
  • the processor 113 is configured to determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
  • one end of the load R is electrically connected between the second end of the first switch K1 and the second diode D2, and the other end of the load R is electrically connected between the second end of the second switch K2 and the first diode D2.
  • the first end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the live line of the power grid
  • the first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the neutral line of the power grid.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second input end of the first switch device E1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch K2.
  • the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second input end of the second switch device E2, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch K1.
  • the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are used to control whether the 220V city power of the power grid is provided to the load R.
  • the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the off state, the 220V city power of the power grid It cannot be provided to the load R; when the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the conducting state, the 220V city power of the grid is provided to the load R.
  • the second switch device E2 is periodically turned on and off, and the second detection signal generated is a periodic high and low level; when the first switch K1 is off In the on state, the second switching device E2 is always in the off state, and the second detection signal generated is a continuous high level.
  • the first switch device E1 When the second switch K2 is in the on state, the first switch device E1 is periodically turned on and off, and the first detection signal generated is a periodic high and low level; when the second switch K2 is in the off state At this time, the first switching device E1 is always in the off state, and the generated first detection signal is a continuous high level.
  • first diode D1 and the second diode D2 have a single-phase conduction function, they can prevent the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the second switch K2 when the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the off state.
  • a path is formed between the first switching device E1 and the second switching device E2 and the load R, so that the processor 113 can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal .
  • both the first switching device E1 and the second switching device E2 can be used, but are not limited to optocouplers.
  • the processor 113 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit), and the processor 113 may be the processor 113 of the electric energy meter 100 itself, or it may be used to detect the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2. Increased processor 113.
  • FIG. 49 is another circuit schematic diagram of the detection circuit 110 provided in this embodiment.
  • the detection circuit 110 shown in FIG. 49 is based on the detection circuit 110 shown in FIG. 48, and the first detection unit 111 further includes a first resistor R1, and the first input terminal of the first switch device E1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1 through the first resistor R1.
  • the first resistor R1 is used to perform voltage dividing and current limiting, which can divide the input mains voltage and limit the current, thereby preventing the first switching device E1 from being broken down.
  • the first resistor R1 may be multiple resistors connected in series.
  • the first detection unit 111 further includes a third diode D3, the anode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the first switching device E1, and the third diode The cathode of D3 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the first switching device E1.
  • the third diode D3 is used to prevent the mains power from breaking down the first switching device E1 during the negative half cycle.
  • the first detection unit 111 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3.
  • the output terminal of the first switching device E1 is electrically connected to the processor 113 through the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 One end of is electrically connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected between the second resistor R2 and the processor 113.
  • the third resistor R3 is a pull-up resistor, and the function of the third resistor R3 is to clamp an uncertain signal to a high level and limit current.
  • the second resistor R2 is a current limiting resistor, and the function of the second resistor R2 is to absorb burrs in the first detection signal.
  • the second detection unit 112 further includes a fourth resistor R4, and the first input end of the second switch device E2 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch K2 through the fourth resistor R4.
  • the fourth resistor R4 is used to perform voltage dividing and current limiting, which can divide the input mains voltage and limit the current, thereby protecting the second switching device E2.
  • the fourth resistor R4 may be multiple resistors connected in series.
  • the second detection unit 112 further includes a fourth diode D4, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the second switching device E2, and the fourth diode D4 The cathode of the pole tube D4 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the second switching device E2.
  • the fourth diode D4 is used to prevent the mains power from breaking down the second switching device E2 during the negative half cycle.
  • the second detection unit 112 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6.
  • the output terminal of the second switching device E2 is electrically connected to the processor 113 through the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 One end of is electrically connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected between the fifth resistor R5 and the processor 113.
  • the sixth resistor R6 is a pull-up resistor, and the function of the sixth resistor R6 is to clamp an uncertain signal to a high level and limit current.
  • the fifth resistor R5 is a current limiting resistor, and the function of the fifth resistor R5 is to absorb glitches in the second detection signal.
  • this embodiment provides a detection circuit and an electric energy meter.
  • the detection circuit includes a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a processor.
  • the first detection unit includes a first switching device and a first diode.
  • the second detection unit includes a second switching device and a second diode, the first input terminal of the first switching device is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch of the electric energy meter, and the second input terminal of the first switching device passes
  • the first diode is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch of the electric energy meter, the first input end of the second switch device is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch, and the second input end of the second switch device passes through the
  • the two diodes are electrically connected to the second end of the first switch, and the output end of the first switch device and the output end of the second switch device are both electrically connected to the processor;
  • the first switch device is used for under the action of the second switch Generate a first detection signal and send it to the processor;
  • the first diode and the second diode can prevent the first switch, the second switch, the first switching device, and the second switching device from interacting with each other when the first switch and the second switch are in the off state.
  • a path is formed between the user loads, so that the processor can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
  • the above-mentioned power supply circuit, power conversion circuit and detection circuit can all be located on the circuit board 3.

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Abstract

The present utility model relates to an anti-stealing electric energy meter, comprising a meter cover and a base arranged in sequence from front to back, the meter cover is arranged on the base, and a circuit board is arranged in the space enclosed by the meter cover and the base, the circuit board has metal contacts connected to the live wire, characterized in that: the meter cover is at least partially surrounded by a conductive element used to conduct external electricity entering the meter to the outside of the meter, the conductive element is electrically connected with the metal contacts on the circuit board. When external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the meter cover, the conductive element is closer to the gap, the static electricity is preferentially transferred to the corresponding position of the closest conductive element, the conductive element is electrically connected with the metal contacts on the circuit board, the metal contacts lead to the live wire, and finally lead the static electricity to the outside of the electric energy meter, preventing the electric elements in the electric energy meter from being damaged by static electricity.

Description

一种防窃电电能表An anti-stealing electric energy meter 技术领域Technical field
本实用新型涉及电力终端领域，尤其是一种防窃电电能表。The utility model relates to the field of power terminals, in particular to an anti-theft electric energy meter.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济的快速发展，生产生活的自动化智能化越来越被人们依赖，而这些都离不开对电力的需求。电力终端作为电网终端的一环，规模也在不断扩大。With the rapid economic development, people rely more and more on the automation and intelligence of production and life, and these are inseparable from the demand for electricity. As a part of the grid terminal, the power terminal is also expanding in scale.
电能表是一种非常重要的电力终端，传统电能表的电源分为阻容降压式电源、线性变压器电源、开关电源等。目前国内电能表企业受产品成本的压力，大多采用性价比较高的阻容降压电源，但由于电网环境比较复杂，部分市场要求的电源工作范围较宽，负载越来越大，传统的阻容降压电源无法满足宽电压和大负载要求。线性变压器和开关电源方案可满足宽电压和大负载要求，但是其成本高，体积大，抗强磁能力弱，无竞争优势，且无法适用于所有产品结构。Electric energy meter is a very important power terminal. The power supply of traditional electric energy meter is divided into resistance-capacitance step-down power supply, linear transformer power supply, switching power supply and so on. At present, domestic electric energy meter companies are under the pressure of product cost, and most of them use cost-effective resistance-capacitance step-down power supplies. However, due to the complex power grid environment, some markets require a wide range of power supplies and larger loads. Traditional resistance-capacitance The step-down power supply cannot meet the requirements of wide voltage and large load. Linear transformer and switching power supply solutions can meet the requirements of wide voltage and large load, but their high cost, large volume, weak anti-magnetic ability, no competitive advantage, and cannot be applied to all product structures.
随着人们生活水平的改善，人们用电量也越来越高，而电费也就越来越多，很多人铤而走险，通过各种方式进行偷电，以减少个人的电费缴纳数目，其中改造电能表的现象尤其突出，给供电行业造成了极大的经济损失，也严重扰乱了国家正常的供电秩序。With the improvement of people’s living standards, people use more electricity, and electricity bills are also increasing. Many people take risks and steal electricity through various methods to reduce the number of personal electricity bills. The phenomenon of the watch is particularly prominent, causing great economic losses to the power supply industry and seriously disrupting the normal power supply order of the country.
有效的防止窃电，对节约能源，保护供电部门的权益都有很重要的意义，不断完善电能表的防窃电技术也是供电部门和大众所关心的问题。电子式电能表的防窃电技术在电能表行业中的地位越来越重要，不同国家、地区的电能表市场都在不同程度上要求电能表的防窃电计量。传统的电能表在结构上对抗强磁能力以及静电攻击防护能力较弱，无法支持防护东南亚/南亚的一些窃电方式。Effectively preventing electricity theft is of great significance to saving energy and protecting the rights and interests of the power supply department. Constantly improving the anti-theft technology of electric energy meters is also a concern of the power supply department and the public. The anti-theft technology of electronic electric energy meters is becoming more and more important in the electric energy meter industry. The electric energy meter market of different countries and regions requires the anti-theft measurement of electric energy meters to varying degrees. Traditional electric energy meters are structurally weak against strong magnetic and electrostatic attacks, and cannot support some electricity theft methods in Southeast Asia/South Asia.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术存在的问题，提供一种防窃电电能表，能够对抗强磁和静电攻击，提高防窃电能力。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an anti-stealing electric energy meter in view of the above existing problems in the prior art, which can resist strong magnetic and electrostatic attacks and improve the anti-stealing capability.
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：一种防窃电电能表，包括自前向后依次布置的表盖和底座，所述表盖盖设在所述底座上，且所述表盖和底座所围合的空间内设置有电路板，其特征在于：所述表盖内至少局部包围有用来将进入表内的外部电导至表外的导电件，所述导电件与所述电路板上的金属触点相电连接。The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve the above technical problems is: an anti-theft electric energy meter, comprising a meter cover and a base arranged in sequence from front to back, the meter cover is arranged on the base, and the meter The space enclosed by the cover and the base is provided with a circuit board, characterized in that: the watch cover is at least partially enclosed with a conductive element used to conduct the outside of the watch to the outside of the watch, and the conductive element is connected to the circuit The metal contacts on the board are electrically connected.
根据本实用新型的一个方面，所述导电件为局部罩设在所述电路板上的导电保护罩，所述电路板局部位于所述导电保护罩和底座之间。According to one aspect of the present invention, the conductive member is a conductive protective cover partially covered on the circuit board, and the circuit board is partially located between the conductive protective cover and the base.
优选的，所述导电保护罩具有向下延伸的延伸板，所述延伸板上具有连接有弹片， 所述弹片上具有向电路板方向延伸的折弯部，所述折弯部为与所述电路板上的金属触点相电连接的弹性触点，在所述导电保护罩处于安装完毕状态下，所述弹性触点与所述电路板上的金属触点相抵。Preferably, the conductive protective cover has an extension plate extending downward, the extension plate is provided with an elastic piece connected with the elastic piece, and the elastic piece has a bent portion extending in the direction of the circuit board, and the bent portion is connected to the The metal contacts on the circuit board are electrically connected to the elastic contacts, and when the conductive protective cover is in the installed state, the elastic contacts abut against the metal contacts on the circuit board.
为用于防止外界强电静电攻击，从按钮处破坏电能表内部的元器件，所述表盖的前壁板上设有按钮，所述按钮具有向底座方向延伸的按键柱，所述导电防护罩在按键柱的外周形成连接环。In order to prevent the external strong electric static attack from destroying the internal components of the electric energy meter from the button, the front wall plate of the meter cover is provided with a button, the button has a key post extending toward the base, and the conductive protection The cover forms a connecting ring on the outer periphery of the key column.
根据本实用新型的另一个方面，所述导电件为导电护壁，所述导电护壁呈环状，所述电路板的外周至少局部被所述导电护壁所包围，所述导电护壁与所述电路板上的导电部相电连接。According to another aspect of the present invention, the conductive element is a conductive protective wall, the conductive protective wall is ring-shaped, the outer circumference of the circuit board is at least partially surrounded by the conductive protective wall, the conductive protective wall and the circuit board The conductive parts on the upper part are electrically connected.
优选的，所述表盖和底座自前向后依次布置，所述导电护壁安装在所述表盖内，两个所述第一护板的下端之间连接有用来与所述容置腔背面的至少局部相接触的第二护板，所述第二护板卡接固定在所述容置腔的背面上，所述第二护板上连接有弹片，所述弹片上具有向电路板方向延伸的折弯部，所述折弯部为与所述电路板上的导电部相电连接的弹性触点，在所述导电护壁处于安装完毕状态下，所述弹性触点与所述电路板上的导电部相抵。Preferably, the watch cover and the base are arranged in sequence from front to back, the conductive protective wall is installed in the watch cover, and the lower ends of the two first protective plates are connected to the back of the accommodating cavity. At least partially in contact with a second protective plate, the second protective plate is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity, the second protective plate is connected with an elastic sheet, and the elastic sheet has a direction extending toward the circuit board The bent portion is an elastic contact electrically connected to the conductive portion on the circuit board, and when the conductive protective wall is in the installed state, the elastic contact is connected to the circuit board The conductive part is offset.
为增加隔离距离，有效避免内部模块器件电击受损，同时增强防尘防水等级，部分表盖向底座的方向凹陷而形成容置腔，所述容置腔内设置有用于通讯的模块，所述容置腔的开口处盖设有盖板，所述表盖在容置腔的外周形成有从远离底座的一侧向底座的方向凹陷的第一沟槽，所述盖板的周壁形成有由朝向底座的一侧向远离底座的方向凹陷的第二沟槽，第一沟槽和第二沟槽交错咬合。In order to increase the isolation distance, effectively avoid electric shock damage to the internal module components, and at the same time enhance the dust and waterproof level, part of the watch cover is recessed in the direction of the base to form a containing cavity, and a communication module is arranged in the containing cavity. The opening of the accommodating cavity is covered with a cover, the outer circumference of the accommodating cavity is formed with a first groove recessed from the side away from the base toward the base, and the peripheral wall of the cover is formed with The second groove is recessed toward the side of the base in a direction away from the base, and the first groove and the second groove are interlocked.
为能避免天线外露，从结构上隔绝外部电弧，所述容置腔内还设置有天线，所述天线与模块焊接。In order to prevent the antenna from being exposed and structurally isolate the external arc, an antenna is also arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the antenna is welded to the module.
为使得电能表外部的强电，传到导电防护罩上后导出至大地，所述表盖上、与容置腔相邻处开设有第一导电孔，所述第一导电孔的位置与导电防护罩对应而能将强电导到导电防护罩上。In order to cause the strong electricity outside the electric energy meter to be transmitted to the conductive protective cover and then led out to the ground, a first conductive hole is opened on the meter cover and adjacent to the accommodating cavity. The protective cover corresponds and can conduct strong electricity to the conductive protective cover.
因强电通过表盖与模块之间的双沟槽，距离较远，为便于由此爬过的强电导出表外部，所述表盖上、与容置腔相邻处开设有第二导电孔，所述表盖和盖板通过螺母连接固定，所述第二导电孔开设在用于设置螺母的螺孔处。Because the strong electricity passes through the double groove between the meter cover and the module, the distance is relatively long. In order to facilitate the strong electricity that climbs through it to be discharged to the outside of the meter, a second conductive is provided on the meter cover and adjacent to the accommodating cavity. The meter cover and the cover plate are connected and fixed by a nut, and the second conductive hole is opened at the screw hole for setting the nut.
为便于降低器件成本，减少安装成本，部分表盖向底座的方向凹陷而形成容置腔，所述容置腔内设置有用于通讯的模块，所述容置腔的开口处盖设有盖板，所述模块包括PCB板，所述盖板朝向容置腔内的一侧延伸形成有卡扣，所述卡扣将PCB板卡接固定，所述PCB板上设有SIM槽。In order to reduce device cost and installation cost, part of the watch cover is recessed in the direction of the base to form a accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity is provided with a module for communication, and the opening of the accommodating cavity is covered with a cover plate The module includes a PCB board, and a buckle is formed on one side of the cover plate extending toward the accommodating cavity, and the buckle fixes the PCB board by clamping, and the PCB board is provided with a SIM slot.
为便于可根据不同市场对静磁场防护的要求进行随时更换，以达到成本上的优势，并且保证在500mT强磁干扰下，磁保持继电器K1不发生误动作，所述底座上、朝向空 间内的一侧设置有能拆卸的防强磁的铁板，所述表盖和底座构成的空间内还设置有磁保持继电器，所述磁保持继电器的周围设置有屏蔽罩。In order to facilitate the replacement of static magnetic field protection according to the requirements of different markets at any time, to achieve cost advantages, and to ensure that the magnetic latching relay K1 does not malfunction under 500mT strong magnetic interference, the base is facing the space A detachable anti-magnetic iron plate is arranged on one side, a magnetic latching relay is arranged in the space formed by the cover and the base, and a shielding cover is arranged around the magnetic latching relay.
为改善大电流时电能表的温升，增加散热面积，且有效地增加抗强磁距离，所述底座朝向空间外的一侧设置有筋条。In order to improve the temperature rise of the electric energy meter under high current, increase the heat dissipation area, and effectively increase the anti-magnetic distance, ribs are provided on the side of the base facing the space.
为使得结构简单，成本较低，且能有效防护防强磁干扰，根据本实用新型的一个方面，所述电路板上设置有电源管理系统，所述电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块、第一降压电路、第二降压电路、第三降压电路、第一超级电容和升压电路，所述AC-DC模块的输入端连接市电、输出端作为磁保持继电器的驱动电源；同时所述AC-DC模块的输出还分别连接到第一降压电路和第二降压电路，所述第一降压电路的输出用于给第一超级电容充电；所述第二降压电路的输出作为模块的电源；所述第二降压电路的输出还连接到第三降压电路，所述第三降压电路输出作为MCU及系统电源；所述AC-DC模块是基于电源管理芯片构建的高压BUCK电源。In order to make the structure simple, lower cost, and effectively protect against strong magnetic interference, according to one aspect of the present invention, a power management system is provided on the circuit board, and the power management system includes an AC-DC module, a first A step-down circuit, a second step-down circuit, a third step-down circuit, a first super capacitor, and a step-up circuit. The input end of the AC-DC module is connected to the mains and the output end is used as the driving power supply of the magnetic latching relay; The output of the AC-DC module is also connected to the first step-down circuit and the second step-down circuit respectively, the output of the first step-down circuit is used to charge the first super capacitor; the output of the second step-down circuit As the power supply of the module; the output of the second step-down circuit is also connected to the third step-down circuit, and the output of the third step-down circuit is used as the MCU and system power; the AC-DC module is constructed based on a power management chip High-voltage BUCK power supply.
优选的，所述AC-DC模块包括：Preferably, the AC-DC module includes:
EMC防护部分，由防护器件构成，用于防护雷击浪涌；The EMC protection part is composed of protective devices to protect against lightning surges;
整流滤波电路，用于将交流电转化为直流电；Rectifier filter circuit, used to convert alternating current into direct current;
控制部分，能够在检测到外界环境强磁干扰时，开启倍频功能；The control part can turn on the frequency multiplication function when the strong magnetic interference of the external environment is detected;
整流输出部分，用于将脉冲电压转化为稳定的直流电压；The rectifier output part is used to convert the pulse voltage into a stable DC voltage;
反馈部分，用于将采集整流输出部分的输出电压和目标电压进行比较，供控制部分控制电路的占空比；The feedback part is used to compare the output voltage of the collected and rectified output part with the target voltage to control the duty cycle of the control circuit of the part;
高压启动部分，用于在启动时，为电源管理芯片供电。The high-voltage startup part is used to supply power to the power management chip during startup.
为使得结构简单，成本较低，且能有效防护防强磁干扰，在停电时也能保证电能表正常使用，根据本实用新型的另一个方面，所述电路板上设置有电源管理系统，所述电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块，所述AC-DC模块的输入端连接市电，用于将交流电转换成直流电，其特征在于：还包括与AC-DC模块输出端相连接的双路DC-DC模块，所述双路DC-DC模块的第一输出端分成两路，其中一路连接电能表的MCU及系统主电源，另一路通过控制电路连接电能表的通讯模块电源，所述双路DC-DC模块的第二输出端分别连接有第一超级电容和第二超级电容，所述第二超级电容与MCU及系统主电源相连接，用于停电时为MCU及系统主电源供电，所述第一超级电容通过升压电路与双路DC-DC模块的输入端相连接，且所述升压电路和控制电路分别设有第一控制端和第二控制端，所述第一控制端和第二控制端均连接在MCU的端口上，用于通过MCU控制第一超级电容给通讯模块供电。In order to make the structure simple, the cost is low, and it can effectively protect against strong magnetic interference, and can ensure the normal use of the electric energy meter when the power is cut off. According to another aspect of the present invention, the circuit board is provided with a power management system, so The power management system includes an AC-DC module, and the input end of the AC-DC module is connected to the city power for converting alternating current into direct current, and is characterized in that it also includes a dual-channel DC connected to the output end of the AC-DC module -DC module, the first output of the dual-channel DC-DC module is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system, and the other is connected to the communication module power supply of the electric energy meter through a control circuit. The second output end of the DC-DC module is respectively connected with a first super capacitor and a second super capacitor. The second super capacitor is connected to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, and is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system during a power failure. The first super capacitor is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module through a boost circuit, and the boost circuit and the control circuit are respectively provided with a first control terminal and a second control terminal, the first control terminal Both the second control terminal and the second control terminal are connected to the port of the MCU, and are used for controlling the first super capacitor to supply power to the communication module through the MCU.
为解决电能表掉电后，掉电事件信息无法及时发送至服务器的情况，所述电能表包括通信模块、电源和供电电路，所述电源与所述通信模块电连接，所述供电电路包括储能模块、升压控制电路及升压电路；所述电源、储能模块、升压控制电路、升压电路及 所述通信模块依次电连接，所述储能模块与所述升压电路电连接；所述电源用于当所述电能表未掉电时，为所述通信模块供电，且为所述储能模块充电；所述储能模块用于当所述电能表掉电时，依次通过所述升压控制电路、升压电路为所述通信模块供电。In order to solve the situation that the power-down event information cannot be sent to the server in time after the power meter is powered off, the power meter includes a communication module, a power supply, and a power supply circuit. The power supply is electrically connected to the communication module, and the power supply circuit includes a storage battery. The energy module, the boost control circuit and the boost circuit; the power supply, the energy storage module, the boost control circuit, the boost circuit, and the communication module are electrically connected in sequence, and the energy storage module is electrically connected with the boost circuit The power supply is used to supply power to the communication module when the electric energy meter is not powered off, and to charge the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used to sequentially pass through when the electric energy meter is powered off The boost control circuit and the boost circuit supply power to the communication module.
为避免在安装过程中电感装反，所述电能表包括电源转换电路，所述电源转换电路开关器件和电感，所述电感包括电感本体、第一引脚、第二引脚以及第三引脚，所述电感本体包括至少两层绕组，所述第一引脚与所述电感本体的最内层绕组连接，所述第二引脚与所述电感本体的最外层绕组连接，且所述第一引脚、所述第二引脚以及所述第三引脚围成一第一三角形，所述第一引脚与第二引脚之间的距离、第二引脚与第三引脚之间的距离以及第一引脚与第三引脚之间的距离中至少两个不相等。In order to prevent the inductance from being reversed during the installation process, the electric energy meter includes a power conversion circuit, a switching device of the power conversion circuit and an inductor, and the inductor includes an inductor body, a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin , The inductor body includes at least two layers of windings, the first pin is connected with the innermost winding of the inductor body, the second pin is connected with the outermost winding of the inductor body, and the The first pin, the second pin, and the third pin form a first triangle. The distance between the first pin and the second pin, the second pin and the third pin At least two of the distance between and the distance between the first pin and the third pin are not equal.
为能够能够准确检测出电能表的第一开关和第二开关的通断状态，所述电能表包括检测电路，包括第一检测单元、第二检测单元和处理器，所述第一检测单元包括第一开关器件和第一二极管，所述第二检测单元包括第二开关器件和第二二极管，所述第一开关器件的第一输入端与电能表的第一开关的第一端电连接，所述第一开关器件的第二输入端通过所述第一二极管与所述电能表的第二开关的第二端电连接，所述第二开关器件的第一输入端与所述第二开关的第一端电连接，所述第二开关器件的第二输入端通过所述第二二极管与所述第一开关的第二端电连接，所述第一开关器件的输出端和所述第二开关器件的输出端均与所述处理器电连接；所述第一开关器件用于在所述第二开关的作用下产生第一检测信号，并发送至所述处理器；所述第二开关器件用于在所述第一开关的作用下产生第二检测信号，并发送至所述处理器；所述处理器用于根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述第一开关和所述第二开关的通断状态。In order to be able to accurately detect the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch of the electric energy meter, the electric energy meter includes a detection circuit, including a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a processor. The first detection unit includes A first switching device and a first diode. The second detection unit includes a second switching device and a second diode. The first input terminal of the first switching device is connected to the first switch of the electric energy meter. The second input terminal of the first switching device is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch of the electric energy meter through the first diode, and the first input terminal of the second switching device Is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch, and the second input terminal of the second switch device is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch through the second diode, and the first switch The output terminal of the device and the output terminal of the second switching device are both electrically connected to the processor; the first switching device is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the second switch and send it to the processor The processor; the second switch device is used to generate a second detection signal under the action of the first switch and send it to the processor; the processor is used to generate a second detection signal according to the first detection signal and the The second detection signal determines the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型的优点在于：通过设置导电件，当外部静电经底座和表盖之间的缝隙进入后，导电件距离缝隙较近，静电优先传递到最近的导电件的对应位置，导电件通过与电路板上的金属触点电连接，金属触点引线到火线上，最终将静电导出至电能表的外部，电能表内的电元件将不会被静电击坏；导电件采用罩设在电路板上的导电罩的形式，当静电击到表盖的前壁板或者表盖的侧壁板上时，均能将静电导走，其电能表的结构设计更加地合理；通过盖板和表盖之间的双沟槽设计，通过设置内置天线，能避免天线外露，从结构上隔绝外部电弧；能够增加隔离距离，有效避免内部模块器件电击受损，同时增强防尘防水等级；为使得电能表外部的强电，传到导电护壁上后导出至大地；盖板通过卡扣与模块连接，能够便于降低器件成本，减少安装成本；通过采用以电源管理芯片为AC-DC电路，能够使得结构简单，成本较低，且能有效防护防强磁干扰。Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantage that by providing a conductive element, when external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the cover, the conductive element is closer to the gap, and the static electricity is preferentially transferred to the nearest conductive element. Corresponding positions, the conductive parts are electrically connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board, and the metal contacts lead to the live wire, and finally the static electricity is exported to the outside of the electric energy meter. The electric components in the electric energy meter will not be damaged by static electricity; The parts are in the form of a conductive cover placed on the circuit board. When static electricity hits the front wall plate of the meter cover or the side wall plate of the meter cover, the static electricity can be conducted away. The structure design of the electric energy meter is more reasonable ; Through the double groove design between the cover plate and the watch cover, and by setting the built-in antenna, the antenna can be prevented from being exposed, and the external arc can be isolated from the structure; the isolation distance can be increased, and the internal module components can be effectively prevented from electric shock damage, while enhancing dust resistance Waterproof level; in order to make the strong electricity outside the electric energy meter pass to the conductive protective wall and then be exported to the earth; the cover plate is connected with the module through the buckle, which can reduce the cost of the device and the installation cost; by adopting the power management chip as AC- The DC circuit can make the structure simple, low cost, and can effectively protect against strong magnetic interference.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model;
图2为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表隐藏部分表盖的正面示意图；2 is a front view of the hidden part of the cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表隐藏部分表盖的侧面示意图；3 is a schematic side view of the hidden part of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图4为图3的局部Ⅰ放大示意图；Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a part I of Figure 3;
图5为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的导电护壁的示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the conductive protective wall of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的剖视图；Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the electric energy meter of the first embodiment of the utility model;
图7为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的表盖的示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的底座的示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of the base of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的盖板和模块配合的示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the cover plate and the module of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的表盖和底座的配合剖视图；Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the table cover and the base of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图11为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的剖视图(前后向剖面)；Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view (front and rear cross-section) of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model;
图12为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的电源管理系统示意图；12 is a schematic diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图13为本实用新型第一个实施例的电能表的电源管理系统的AC-DC模块的电路原理框图；Figure 13 is a block diagram of the circuit principle of the AC-DC module of the power management system of the electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the utility model;
图14为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的立体分解的结构示意图；FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model;
图15为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的剖视图；15 is a cross-sectional view of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model;
图16为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的另一角度的剖视图；16 is a cross-sectional view of the electric energy meter of the second embodiment of the utility model from another angle;
图17为图15中去掉导电护壁的结构示意图；Figure 17 is a schematic view of the structure in Figure 15 with the conductive protective wall removed;
图18为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的部分结构示意图；18 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model;
图19为图18的剖视图；Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 18;
图20为图18的部分结构示意图；Fig. 20 is a partial structural diagram of Fig. 18;
图21为图18的部分结构的立体分解结构示意图；FIG. 21 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a part of the structure of FIG. 18;
图22为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的表盖的结构示意图；22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
图23为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的底座的结构示意图；23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
图24为本实用新型第二个实施例的电能表的导电护壁的结构示意图；24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive protective wall of the electric energy meter according to the second embodiment of the utility model;
图25为图24的另一角度的结构示意图；FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 24;
图26为本实用新型第三个实施例的电能表的部分结构的剖视图；26 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the utility model;
图27为本实用新型第三个实施例的电能表的另一角度的的剖视图；Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view from another angle of the electric energy meter of the third embodiment of the utility model;
图28为图26的另一角度的结构示意图；FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 26;
图29为图26的部分结构示意图；Fig. 29 is a partial structural diagram of Fig. 26;
图30为图29的立体分解结构示意图；FIG. 30 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of FIG. 29;
图31为图29的另一角度的结构示意图；FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 29;
图32为图31的另一角度的结构示意图；FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of FIG. 31;
图33为本实用新型第三个实施例的电能表的表盖的结构示意图；33 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the meter cover of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
图34为本实用新型第三个实施例的电能表的底座的结构示意图；34 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
图35为本实用新型第三个实施例的电能表的导电保护罩的结构示意图；35 is a schematic structural view of the conductive protective cover of the electric energy meter according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
图36为图35的另一角度的结构示意图；Fig. 36 is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of Fig. 35;
图37为本实用新型第四个实施例中电能表的电源管理系统的原理框图；Figure 37 is a functional block diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter in the fourth embodiment of the utility model;
图38为本实用新型第四个实施例中电能表的电源管理系统的电路图。Fig. 38 is a circuit diagram of the power management system of the electric energy meter in the fourth embodiment of the utility model.
图39示出了本实用新型第五个实施例所提供的电能表的第一方框示意图。Fig. 39 shows the first block diagram of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
图40示出了本实用新型第五个实施例所提供的电能表的第二方框示意图。Fig. 40 shows a second block diagram of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
图41示出了本实用新型第五个实施例所提供的电能表的储能模块的方框示意图。Fig. 41 shows a schematic block diagram of the energy storage module of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
图42示出了本实用新型第五个实施例所提供的供电电路的电路图。Fig. 42 shows a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
图43示出了本实用新型第五个实施例所提供的电能表的升压电路的方框示意图。Fig. 43 shows a block diagram of the boost circuit of the electric energy meter provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
图44为本实用新型第六个实施例提供的电源转换电路的电路图。FIG. 44 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
图45为本实用新型第六个实施例提供的电感的结构示意图。FIG. 45 is a schematic structural diagram of an inductor provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
图46为本实用新型第六个实施例提供的电感本体的结构示意图46 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductor body provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention
图47为本实用新型第七个实施例提供的电能表的结构示意图；FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric energy meter provided by the seventh embodiment of the utility model;
图48为本实用新型第七个实施例提供的一种检测电路的电路原理图；Fig. 48 is a circuit schematic diagram of a detection circuit provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
图49为本实用新型第七个实施例提供的另一种检测电路的电路原理图。Fig. 49 is a circuit schematic diagram of another detection circuit provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本实用新型的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.
在本实用新型的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，由于本实用新型所公开的实施例可以按照不同的方向设置，所以这些表示方向的术语只是作为说明而不应视作为限制，比如“上”、“下”并不一定被限定为与重力方向相反或一致的方向。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial" , "Radial", "Circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the pointed device Or components must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Since the disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be arranged in different directions, these terms indicating directions are only for illustration and should not be regarded as limitations, such as " "Up" and "down" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite or consistent with the direction of gravity. In addition, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
实施例一Example one
参见图1、图2、图6和图11，一种防窃电电能表，下文所述的方向以图1中箭头所示为准。包括自前向后依次布置的表盖1和底座2，表盖1盖设在底座2上，且表盖1与底座2所围合的空间4内设置有电路板3，该空间4内能脱卸式安装有用来将进入表内的外部电导至表外的导电防护罩7，电路板3的外周至少局部被导电防护罩7所包围。Refer to Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 6 and Figure 11, an anti-theft electric energy meter, the direction described below is subject to the arrow shown in Figure 1. It includes a watch cover 1 and a base 2 arranged from front to back. The watch cover 1 is placed on the base 2, and the space 4 enclosed by the watch cover 1 and the base 2 is provided with a circuit board 3, which can be detached A conductive protective cover 7 used to conduct the external electricity entering the watch to the outside of the watch is installed in a type, and the outer circumference of the circuit board 3 is at least partially surrounded by the conductive protective cover 7.
表盖1部分向底座2方向凹陷而形成容置腔11，用于容置模块81，电路板3局部位于容置腔11的后方。该容置腔11内还设置有线82，天线82采用内置天线，天线82波峰焊接在模块81上，避免天线82外露在电能表外部，从而从结构上隔绝外部电弧。优选的，天线82为pifa天线，即天线82的地脚和馈脚连接到一起，当天线82本体遇到大电流时可以直接导到主板的地上。The part of the watch cover 1 is recessed toward the base 2 to form an accommodating cavity 11 for accommodating the module 81. The circuit board 3 is partially located behind the accommodating cavity 11. The accommodating cavity 11 is also provided with a wire 82, the antenna 82 adopts a built-in antenna, and the antenna 82 is wave-soldered on the module 81 to prevent the antenna 82 from being exposed to the outside of the electric energy meter, thereby isolating the external arc from the structure. Preferably, the antenna 82 is a pifa antenna, that is, the ground pin and the feed pin of the antenna 82 are connected together, and when the body of the antenna 82 encounters a large current, it can be directly led to the ground of the main board.
容置腔11的开口处盖设有盖板16，以将模块81和天线82封闭在容置腔11内。表盖1在容置腔11的外周形成有向底座2的方向凹陷的第一沟槽113，所述盖板16的周壁形成有由朝向底座2的一侧向远离底座2的方向凹陷的第二沟槽161，第一沟槽113和第二沟槽161交错咬合，即其中一个沟槽的壁插入另一个沟槽中，由此形成双层沟槽的配合结构，能够增加模块81器件到电能表外部的爬电距离。当有强电进入电能表时，需要在第一沟槽113内绕过第二沟槽161，增加了隔离距离，有效避免内部器件电击受损，同时增强防尘防水等级。The opening of the accommodating cavity 11 is covered with a cover plate 16 to enclose the module 81 and the antenna 82 in the accommodating cavity 11. The watch cover 1 is formed with a first groove 113 recessed in the direction of the base 2 on the outer periphery of the accommodating cavity 11, and the peripheral wall of the cover 16 is formed with a first groove 113 recessed from the side toward the base 2 in the direction away from the base 2. The two grooves 161, the first groove 113 and the second groove 161 are interlocked, that is, the wall of one of the grooves is inserted into the other groove, thereby forming a matching structure of double-layer grooves, which can increase the number of components of module 81 Creepage distance outside the energy meter. When strong electricity enters the electric energy meter, it is necessary to bypass the second groove 161 in the first groove 113, which increases the isolation distance, effectively avoids electric shock damage to internal components, and enhances the dust and waterproof level.
参见图3～图5，导电防护罩7由铝制成(铝制铭牌)，其主要起到对外界35KV静电攻击的防护作用，导电防护罩7与电路板3上的金属触点相抵，金属触点引线到火线上。导电防护罩7左右两侧具有向下延伸的延伸板733，延伸板733上具有连接有弹片734，弹片734上具有向电路板3方向延伸的折弯部7341，折弯部7341为与电路板3上的金属触点相电连接的弹性触点，在导电保护罩7处于安装完毕状态下，弹性触点与电路板3上的金属触点相抵。上述的电路板3为PCB板，如此，导电保护罩7的弹性触点与电路板3上的金属触点连接，电路板3上的金属触点引线到火线上，而将导电保护罩7上的静电导走。此外，弹片和弹性触点的存在，能够在弹性触点处预压手里，让导电保护罩7和电路板的接触更加地稳定可靠。这种凹陷折弯的方式，能够使得接触点具有弹性，让接触点存在预压受力状态，让接触更良好更稳定可靠。Referring to Figures 3 to 5, the conductive protective cover 7 is made of aluminum (aluminum nameplate), which mainly protects against 35KV electrostatic attack from the outside. The conductive protective cover 7 is in contact with the metal contacts on the circuit board 3. The contact leads to the live wire. The left and right sides of the conductive shield 7 have extension plates 733 extending downwards. The extension plates 733 have elastic pieces 734 connected to them. The elastic pieces 734 have bent portions 7341 extending in the direction of the circuit board 3, and the bent portions 7341 are connected to the circuit board. The metal contacts on the 3 are electrically connected to the elastic contacts. When the conductive protective cover 7 is in the installed state, the elastic contacts abut against the metal contacts on the circuit board 3. The above-mentioned circuit board 3 is a PCB board. Thus, the elastic contacts of the conductive protective cover 7 are connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board 3, and the metal contacts on the circuit board 3 are lead to the live wire, and the conductive protective cover 7 The static electricity is led away. In addition, the presence of the elastic sheet and the elastic contact can pre-press the hand at the elastic contact, so that the contact between the conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit board is more stable and reliable. This concave bending method can make the contact point elastic, and make the contact point have a pre-stressed state, making the contact better and more stable and reliable.
在外部35KV静电攻击时，通过静电的拉弧效应，将静电导入导电防护罩7上，再通过弹性触点传到电路板3上的金属触点，即将强电导出至大地，从而避免电能表内部器件不被强电击坏。When an external 35KV static electricity is attacked, the static electricity is introduced into the conductive protective cover 7 through the arcing effect of static electricity, and then transmitted to the metal contacts on the circuit board 3 through the elastic contacts, which will lead the strong electricity to the earth, thereby avoiding the electric energy meter The internal components are not damaged by strong electric shock.
参见图7，表盖1上、与容置腔11相邻处、位于容置腔11的上方开设有第一导电孔171，第一导电孔171的位置与导电防护罩7对应。电能表外部的强电，通过表盖1上的第一导电孔171，传到导电防护罩7上，最后导出至大地。表盖1上、与容置腔11相邻处、位于容置腔11的左右两侧分别开设有第二导电孔172，优选的，表盖1和盖板16通过螺母连接固定，第二导电孔172开设在用于设置螺母的螺孔173处。因强电通过表盖1与模块81之间的双沟槽，距离较远，因此通过开设第二导电孔172，让强电从第二导电孔172导至导电防护罩7上，最后导出表外部。Referring to FIG. 7, a first conductive hole 171 is opened on the watch cover 1 adjacent to the accommodating cavity 11 and above the accommodating cavity 11. The position of the first conductive hole 171 corresponds to the conductive protective cover 7. The strong electricity outside the electric energy meter is transmitted to the conductive protective cover 7 through the first conductive hole 171 on the meter cover 1, and finally is led out to the ground. There are second conductive holes 172 on the watch cover 1, adjacent to the accommodating cavity 11, on the left and right sides of the accommodating cavity 11. Preferably, the watch cover 1 and the cover 16 are connected and fixed by a nut, and the second conductive The hole 172 is opened at a screw hole 173 for setting a nut. Because the strong current passes through the double groove between the meter cover 1 and the module 81, the distance is relatively long, so by opening the second conductive hole 172, the strong current is led from the second conductive hole 172 to the conductive protective cover 7, and finally the meter is exported external.
参见图4和图5，上述的表盖1的前壁板上设有按钮6，按钮6的位置与导电防护罩7对应，按钮6具有向底座2方向延伸的按键柱61。由于按钮6从表盖1外到表盖1 内的延伸路径上会形成有缝隙，通过使得导电防护罩7在按键柱61的外周形成连接环75，可以用于防止外界强电(35KV)静电攻击，从按钮6处破坏电能表内部的元器件。外部强电攻击时，通过空气介质将静电传递至电能表内部时，因有连接环75的阻挡，会导入到导电防护罩7上，最终导出至大地。4 and 5, the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 described above is provided with a button 6 whose position corresponds to the conductive protective cover 7, and the button 6 has a button column 61 extending in the direction of the base 2. Since the button 6 extends from the outside of the watch cover 1 to the inside of the watch cover 1 there will be a gap, by making the conductive protective cover 7 form a connecting ring 75 on the outer periphery of the key column 61, it can be used to prevent external strong electricity (35KV) static electricity Attack, destroy the internal components of the electric energy meter from button 6. In the event of an external strong electric attack, when the static electricity is transmitted to the inside of the electric energy meter through the air medium, it will be introduced into the conductive protective cover 7 due to the blocking of the connecting ring 75, and finally exported to the ground.
参见图6和图8，底座2上、朝向空间4内的一侧设置有防强磁的铁板25，其可更换，可根据不同市场对静磁场防护的要求增加或取消底座2上的铁板2，以达到成本上的优势。底座2上、朝向空间4外的一侧设置有筋条26，筋条26可具有多个，由上至下延伸，并且各筋条26并列间隔布置。通过设置筋条26，可有效改善大电流时电能表的温升，增加散热面积，且有效地增加了抗强磁距离。6 and 8, the base 2 is provided with an anti-magnetic iron plate 25 on the side facing the space 4, which can be replaced. The iron plate on the base 2 can be added or removed according to the requirements of different markets for static magnetic field protection. Board 2 to achieve the cost advantage. The base 2 is provided with ribs 26 on the side facing the outside of the space 4. The ribs 26 may have multiple, extending from top to bottom, and the ribs 26 are arranged side by side and spaced apart. By arranging the ribs 26, the temperature rise of the electric energy meter under high current can be effectively improved, the heat dissipation area is increased, and the anti-magnetic distance is effectively increased.
参见图2和9，模块81包括PCB板811，盖板16朝向容置腔11内的一侧延伸形成有卡扣162，卡扣162优选的具有两个，分别设置有左右两侧，通过卡扣162可将PCB板811卡接固定，从而可取消模块底座覆盖。PCB板811上设有SIM槽812，SIM槽812内用于设置SIM卡813。当拔出盖板16时，当将盖板16拔出齿，直接露出SIM槽812，插卡动作更方便快捷，提升体验度。而且更换模块81的PCB板811时也很方便。相比于现有的需要设置模块底座的方案，本申请的方案降低器件成本，减少了安装成本。而且通过周边的双沟槽设计，能有效保证原有的防尘防水功能不影响。2 and 9, the module 81 includes a PCB board 811, the cover 16 extends toward one side of the accommodating cavity 11 to form a buckle 162, the buckle 162 preferably has two, respectively provided on the left and right sides, through the card The buckle 162 can clamp and fix the PCB board 811 so as to cancel the cover of the module base. The PCB board 811 is provided with a SIM slot 812, and the SIM slot 812 is used to set a SIM card 813. When the cover plate 16 is pulled out, when the cover plate 16 is pulled out of the teeth, the SIM slot 812 is directly exposed, the card insertion action is more convenient and quick, and the experience is improved. Moreover, it is convenient to replace the PCB board 811 of the module 81. Compared with the existing solution that requires a module base, the solution of the present application reduces the cost of the device and reduces the installation cost. Moreover, the double groove design on the periphery can effectively ensure that the original dustproof and waterproof functions are not affected.
参加图10，表盖1和底座2的左右两侧通过旋扣组件18连接，由此可省两个安装螺钉。旋扣组件18包括设置在底座2上的向下凸起的扣合部181和设置在表盖1上的旋扣182，旋扣182上形成有与扣合部181配合的向下凹陷的卡槽，连接时，可使得旋扣182弹性形变后，将扣合部181卡入旋扣182内完成连接。As shown in Figure 10, the left and right sides of the watch cover 1 and the base 2 are connected by the turnbuckle assembly 18, which saves two mounting screws. The turn buckle assembly 18 includes a downwardly protruding buckle portion 181 provided on the base 2 and a turn buckle 182 provided on the watch cover 1. The turn buckle 182 is formed with a downwardly recessed clip that cooperates with the buckle portion 181. When the groove is connected, after the turnbuckle 182 is elastically deformed, the buckle portion 181 is snapped into the turnbuckle 182 to complete the connection.
此外，表盖1为透明，其左右两侧、与电路板3对应的位置可以设置竖条纹，由此可以遮挡内部元器件信息，起到内部信息保护作用。In addition, the watch cover 1 is transparent, and vertical stripes can be arranged on the left and right sides of the watch cover at the position corresponding to the circuit board 3, so that the internal component information can be blocked and the internal information can be protected.
表盖1和底座2之间通过超声线的形状和尺寸的设计，能够兼容超声波和非超声波两种的形式，能达到撬开壳子有明显破坏要求。底座2兼容塑料挂钩和金属挂钩。The shape and size of the ultrasonic wire are designed between the watch cover 1 and the base 2, which can be compatible with both ultrasonic and non-ultrasonic forms, and can achieve obvious damage requirements when opening the case. Base 2 is compatible with plastic hooks and metal hooks.
参见图1和图6，电能表的接线端口19为可扳口设计，可根据实际接线需求，选择性地打开接线端口19大小。Referring to Figures 1 and 6, the wiring port 19 of the electric energy meter is designed with a pull-out port, and the size of the wiring port 19 can be selectively opened according to actual wiring requirements.
参见图11，表盖1和底座2构成的空间内还设置有磁保持继电器K1，继电器K1的周围设置有屏蔽罩27，屏蔽罩27由纯铁制成，同时与底座2上的铁板25配合，保证在500mT强磁干扰下，磁保持继电器K1不发生误动作。Referring to Figure 11, a magnetic latching relay K1 is also provided in the space formed by the watch cover 1 and the base 2, and a shielding cover 27 is provided around the relay K1. The shielding cover 27 is made of pure iron and is connected to the iron plate 25 on the base 2. Cooperate to ensure that under 500mT strong magnetic interference, the magnetic latching relay K1 will not malfunction.
参见图12，电路板3上设置有电源管理系统，整体采用不隔离方案，方案成本较低。电源GND采用浮火线方案；AC-DC电源采用以HF920构建的高压BUCK电源方案，结构简单，成本较低，且能有效防护防强磁干扰；火线地与PCB上留开窗焊盘，抵触到导电防护罩7上，用于35KV静电防护措施。Referring to FIG. 12, a power management system is provided on the circuit board 3, and a non-isolation solution is adopted as a whole, which has a lower cost. The power supply GND adopts the floating wire scheme; the AC-DC power supply adopts the high-voltage BUCK power scheme constructed with HF920, which has a simple structure, low cost, and can effectively protect against strong magnetic interference; the live wire ground and the PCB with open window pads will interfere The conductive protective cover 7 is used for 35KV electrostatic protection measures.
电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块N1、第一降压电路N2、第二降压电路N3、第三降 压电路N4、第一超级电容C5和升压电路N5。市电通过AC-DC模块N1转化为15V的直流电，其可直接作为磁保持继电器K1的驱动电源；AC-DC模块N1的输出还分别连接到第一降压电路N2和第二降压电路N3，其中一路通过第一降压电路N2(LDO)将15V转换为5V，5V电源用于给第一超级电容C5充电；另一路通过第二降压电路N3(DC-DC)将15V转换为3.9V，作为通讯模块(3G、即模块81)的电源；第二降压电路N3的输出还连接到第三降压电路N4，通过第三降压电路N4(LDO)将3.9V转为3.3V，用于电能表的MCU及系统电源。The power management system includes an AC-DC module N1, a first step-down circuit N2, a second step-down circuit N3, a third step-down circuit N4, a first super capacitor C5, and a step-up circuit N5. The mains power is converted into 15V direct current through the AC-DC module N1, which can be directly used as the driving power supply of the magnetic latching relay K1; the output of the AC-DC module N1 is also connected to the first step-down circuit N2 and the second step-down circuit N3, respectively , One of them uses the first step-down circuit N2 (LDO) to convert 15V to 5V, and the 5V power supply is used to charge the first super capacitor C5; the other uses the second step-down circuit N3 (DC-DC) to convert 15V to 3.9 V, as the power supply of the communication module (3G, module 81); the output of the second step-down circuit N3 is also connected to the third step-down circuit N4, and the third step-down circuit N4 (LDO) converts 3.9V to 3.3V , MCU and system power supply for electric energy meters.
系统具有备用电源，包括外置电池N6、时钟电池N7和第二超级电容C6，均用于电能表的MCU及系统电源。其中时钟电池N7与第二路超级电容C6二选一，直接焊接在PCB上。备用电源用于在电网停电的情况下，维持电能表工作；其中时钟电池N7与第二超级电容C6作为一种二级备用电源，用于外置电池N6被损坏或拔掉的情况下，维持电能表工作；从而做到对一些特殊的窃电方式起到的防护的作用。第一超级电容C5用于停电时，模块81上报数据的电源，其通过升压电路N5，将第一超级电容C5的5V电源升到10V，再降到3.9V给模块81供电，升压电路N5的最低输入电压可做到2V，这样可以使第一超级电容C5的储能的更多的利用。The system has a backup power supply, including an external battery N6, a clock battery N7 and a second super capacitor C6, which are all used for the MCU and system power supply of the electric energy meter. Among them, the clock battery N7 and the second super capacitor C6 can choose one, and they are directly soldered on the PCB. The backup power supply is used to maintain the electric energy meter in the case of a power failure; the clock battery N7 and the second super capacitor C6 are used as a secondary backup power supply to maintain the external battery N6 when the external battery N6 is damaged or unplugged. The electric energy meter works; so as to protect some special ways of stealing electricity. The first super capacitor C5 is used as the power supply for the data reported by the module 81 when the power fails. The 5V power supply of the first super capacitor C5 is increased to 10V through the boost circuit N5, and then reduced to 3.9V to supply power to the module 81. The boost circuit The minimum input voltage of N5 can be 2V, which can make more use of the stored energy of the first super capacitor C5.
参见图13，AC-DC模块N1是基于电源管理芯片HF920构建的高压BUCK电源。相对于传统的反激电源其成本更低，EMC防护更全面，强磁干扰防护更优并能防护35KV静电攻击。Referring to Figure 13, the AC-DC module N1 is a high-voltage BUCK power supply based on the power management chip HF920. Compared with the traditional flyback power supply, its cost is lower, EMC protection is more comprehensive, strong magnetic interference protection is better, and it can protect against 35KV electrostatic attacks.
AC-DC模块N1共包括六个部分：EMC防护部分N11、整流滤波电路N12、控制部分N13、整流输出部分N14、反馈部分N15和高压启动部分N16。The AC-DC module N1 includes six parts: EMC protection part N11, rectification filter circuit N12, control part N13, rectification output part N14, feedback part N15 and high voltage start part N16.
其中，EMC防护部分N11主要有由防护器件构成，包含防雷击浪涌器件-压敏电阻RV1和磁珠FB1，能够有效防护雷击浪涌对电能表的影响。第一电感L1和安规电容C4组成EMI滤波电路，提高电磁兼容能力。35KV静电防护放电焊盘P1，其与导电防护罩7接触，有效防护35KV静电攻击。安规电容C4并联在压敏电阻RV1的两端，第一电感L1的一端与安规电容C4的一端连接、另一端连接有第一电阻R1，安规电容C4的另一端连接第一磁珠FB1。第一电阻R1和第一磁珠FB1分别连接到整流滤波电路N12。Among them, the EMC protection part N11 is mainly composed of protective devices, including lightning surge protection devices-varistor RV1 and magnetic beads FB1, which can effectively protect the impact of lightning surges on the electric energy meter. The first inductor L1 and the safety capacitor C4 form an EMI filter circuit to improve electromagnetic compatibility. 35KV electrostatic protection discharge pad P1, which is in contact with the conductive protective cover 7, effectively protects against 35KV electrostatic attack. The safety capacitor C4 is connected in parallel to both ends of the varistor RV1. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the safety capacitor C4, the other end is connected to the first resistor R1, and the other end of the safety capacitor C4 is connected to the first magnetic bead FB1. The first resistor R1 and the first magnetic bead FB1 are respectively connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit N12.
整流滤波电路N12采用半波整流方式，将电网交流电转化为直流电。包括与绕线电阻R1连接的第一二极管VD1、与第一二极管VD1连接的第二二极管VD2、依次串联的六个电阻-第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7，以及第一电解电容CE1和第二电解电容CE2。其中，第一二极管VD1的正极与第一电阻R1连接、负极与第二二极管VD2的正极连接，第二二极管VD2的负极与六个串联电阻的一端连接，磁珠FB1与六个串联电阻的另一端连接。第二二极管VD2的负极输出电压V_BUS。第一电解电容CE1和第二电解电容CE2均为高压铝电解 电容，用于进行平波，使电网交流电转化为较为稳定的直流电压(V_BUS)。第一电解电容CE1的两端分别连接到第二二极管VD2的负极、第四电阻R4和第五电阻R5的公共端，第二电解电容CE5的两端分别连接到第四电阻R4和第五电阻R5的公共端、磁珠FB1，并且在连接磁珠FB1的一端接地。The rectifier filter circuit N12 uses half-wave rectification to convert the AC power of the grid into DC power. It includes a first diode VD1 connected to the winding resistor R1, a second diode VD2 connected to the first diode VD1, and six resistors connected in series-the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth The resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2. Among them, the anode of the first diode VD1 is connected to the first resistor R1, the cathode is connected to the anode of the second diode VD2, the cathode of the second diode VD2 is connected to one end of the six series resistors, and the magnetic bead FB1 is connected to The other ends of the six series resistors are connected. The cathode of the second diode VD2 outputs the voltage V_BUS. The first electrolytic capacitor CE1 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2 are both high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which are used for smoothing and transform the AC power of the grid into a relatively stable DC voltage (V_BUS). Both ends of the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 are respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2, the common end of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and both ends of the second electrolytic capacitor CE5 are respectively connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the first The common end of the five resistors R5, the magnetic bead FB1, and the end connected to the magnetic bead FB1 are grounded.
控制部分N13以电源管理芯片U1为核心，在本实施例中，电源管理芯片U1为HF920，其通过PWM控制方式控制芯片内部MOS管导通及关断，从而将前端V_BUS上电压进行转变为脉冲电压。整流滤波部分N12的输出(即V_BUS端)连接到电源管理芯片U1的输入端。电源管理芯片U1的FSET引脚上连接有第八电阻R8，该电阻另一端接地，利用第八电阻R8控制电源工作频率。第八电阻R8的两端并联有第一电容C1，用于开启电源管理芯片U1有的倍频功能。当接检测到外界环境强磁干扰时，开启倍频功能，保证电源正常工作。The control part N13 takes the power management chip U1 as the core. In this embodiment, the power management chip U1 is HF920, which controls the on and off of the internal MOS tube of the chip through the PWM control method, thereby converting the voltage on the front end V_BUS into a pulse Voltage. The output of the rectifying and filtering part N12 (that is, the V_BUS terminal) is connected to the input terminal of the power management chip U1. An eighth resistor R8 is connected to the FSET pin of the power management chip U1, the other end of the resistor is grounded, and the eighth resistor R8 is used to control the operating frequency of the power supply. A first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with both ends of the eighth resistor R8 for enabling the frequency multiplication function of the power management chip U1. When the strong magnetic interference of the external environment is detected, the frequency multiplication function is turned on to ensure the normal operation of the power supply.
整流输出部分N14包括并联的第三二极管VD3、第四二极管VD4、第二磁珠FB2、第二电感L2、第二电容C2和第三电解电容C3。其中，第三二极管VD3和第四二极管VD5的负极与控制部分N13的输出端连接、正极则均接地。控制部分N13的输出端还依次连接第二磁珠FB2、第二电感L2，第二电感L2的一端与第二磁珠FB2连接，第二电容C2、第三电解电容CE3并联连接，并且两端分别连接第二电感L2的另一端和接地。通过第二电感L2，以及电容的滤波效应将脉冲电压转变为需要稳定的直流电压，第四二极管VD4用于提供续流回路。第三电解电容CE3的两端输出电压15V。The rectifying output part N14 includes a third diode VD3, a fourth diode VD4, a second magnetic bead FB2, a second inductor L2, a second capacitor C2, and a third electrolytic capacitor C3 connected in parallel. Among them, the cathodes of the third diode VD3 and the fourth diode VD5 are connected to the output terminal of the control part N13, and the anodes are both grounded. The output end of the control part N13 is also connected to the second magnetic bead FB2 and the second inductor L2 in sequence. One end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the second magnetic bead FB2, the second capacitor C2 and the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 are connected in parallel, and both ends Connect the other end of the second inductor L2 to the ground respectively. The second inductor L2 and the filtering effect of the capacitor convert the pulse voltage into a stable DC voltage, and the fourth diode VD4 is used to provide a freewheeling loop. The output voltage of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 is 15V.
反馈部分N15通过对输出电压的采集，将输出电压与目标电压进行比对，将比对结果传递给控制部分N13，对电路的占空比进行控制。包括稳压二极管VD8、三极管Q1、第九电阻R9、第十电阻R10和第十一电阻R11。该稳压二极管VD8的击穿电压作为反馈电压的基准，第四二极管VD4的输出电压稳定在稳压二极管VD8的击穿电压。三极管Q1的集电极与控制部分N13的一个输入端(FB引脚)连接、发射极连接到第九电阻R9的一端，第九电阻R9的另一端接地，第十电阻R10的一端连接到三极管Q1的基极、另一端连接到稳压二极管VD8的正极，第十一电阻R11的一端连接到稳压二极管VD8的正极、另一端接地，稳压二极管VD8的负极连接到高压启动部分N16。The feedback part N15 collects the output voltage, compares the output voltage with the target voltage, and transmits the comparison result to the control part N13 to control the duty cycle of the circuit. It includes a Zener diode VD8, a transistor Q1, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and an eleventh resistor R11. The breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD8 serves as a reference for the feedback voltage, and the output voltage of the fourth diode VD4 is stabilized at the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD8. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to an input terminal (FB pin) of the control part N13, the emitter is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded, and one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the transistor Q1 The base and the other end of the zener diode VD8 are connected to the anode of the Zener diode VD8, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode VD8, the other end is grounded, and the cathode of the Zener diode VD8 is connected to the high voltage start part N16.
稳压二极管VD8的击穿电压作为反馈电压的基准，当输出电压高于稳压二级管的击穿电压时，稳压二级管VD8击穿，三极管Q1基极上产生电流，通过三极管Q1的放大作用，将电流信号传递给控制部分N13，控制减小占空比。当输出电压低于稳压二级管VD8的击穿电压时，三级管Q1不动作，控制增大占空比。The breakdown voltage of the zener diode VD8 is used as the reference for the feedback voltage. When the output voltage is higher than the breakdown voltage of the zener diode, the zener diode VD8 breaks down, and a current is generated on the base of the transistor Q1 through the transistor Q1 The amplifying effect of, the current signal is transmitted to the control part N13, and the duty cycle is reduced. When the output voltage is lower than the breakdown voltage of the stabilized diode VD8, the tertiary tube Q1 does not act, and controls to increase the duty cycle.
高压启动部分N16用于在系统开机启动时，电源管理芯片U1内部MOS管打开，通过输出回路给电源管理芯片U1进行供电，使其开始工作。包括第三电容C3、第四电解电容CE4、第十二电阻R12和第五二极管VD5。其中，第三电容C3和第四电解电容CE4并联连接，其中一端与稳压二极管VD8的负极连接、另一端接地，稳压二极管VD8 的负极还连接到第十二电阻R12的一端、第十二电阻R12的另一端则连接到第五二极管VD5的负极，第五二极管VD5的正极连接到输出电压15V。The high-voltage startup part N16 is used to turn on the internal MOS tube of the power management chip U1 when the system is started, and supply power to the power management chip U1 through the output loop to make it work. It includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4, a twelfth resistor R12, and a fifth diode VD5. Among them, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode VD8, the other end is grounded, and the cathode of the Zener diode VD8 is also connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the twelfth resistor R12. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode VD5, and the anode of the fifth diode VD5 is connected to the output voltage of 15V.
通过采用以电源管理芯片HF920为核心搭建的高压BUCK电源系统，利用其独有的倍频功能，保证500mT强磁干扰时，电能表能正常工作。磁场检测采用低灵敏度霍尔芯片(AH1815-W-7)，保证67mT以内磁场干扰不被检测到，500mT以上磁场干扰可检测到。在表计可以免疫外界强磁干扰情况下(磁场干扰不强时)，电能表不会随意判定发生强磁窃电。对复杂环境下窃电判定更精准。By adopting the high-voltage BUCK power supply system built with the power management chip HF920 as the core, and using its unique frequency multiplication function, it can ensure that the electric energy meter can work normally under 500mT strong magnetic interference. The magnetic field detection uses a low sensitivity Hall chip (AH1815-W-7) to ensure that magnetic field interference within 67mT is not detected, and magnetic field interference above 500mT can be detected. When the meter can be immune to strong magnetic interference from the outside (when the magnetic field interference is not strong), the electric energy meter will not arbitrarily determine that strong magnetic power theft occurs. It is more accurate to judge electricity stealing in complex environments.
电路板3上的计量部分采用双回路计量方式，火线采用锰铜分流器，零线采用电流互感器对电流进行计量，可有效防治防窃发生。The metering part on the circuit board 3 adopts a double loop metering method, the live wire adopts a manganese-bronze shunt, and the neutral wire adopts a current transformer to measure the current, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of theft.
锰铜采样线采用双绞线(偶数圈)，利用双绞线磁通面积相互抵消的原理，防止10mT工频电磁场对锰铜采样线的影响。在电路板3上部分走线(锰铜采样点到MCU接口之间的走线)，采用8字走线的方式，同样利用其磁通面积相互抵消的原理，防止10mT工频电磁场对电路板3走线上的影响。The manganese-copper sampling line uses twisted-pair wires (even-numbered turns), and the principle of mutual cancellation of the magnetic flux area of the twisted-pair wire is used to prevent the influence of the 10mT power frequency electromagnetic field on the manganese-copper sampling line. Part of the wiring on the circuit board 3 (the wiring between the manganese-copper sampling point and the MCU interface) adopts the figure 8 wiring method, and also uses the principle of mutual cancellation of the magnetic flux area to prevent the 10mT power frequency electromagnetic field from affecting the circuit board 3 The influence of the trace.
通过上述结构和硬件上的改进，以满足东南亚/南亚市场的一些外部攻击防护以及窃电防护的需求，如：35kV静电攻击防护、500mT静磁场干扰防护、10mT工频电磁场干扰防护、断零线等窃电手段防护。Through the improvement of the above structure and hardware, to meet some external attack protection and electricity theft protection needs in Southeast Asia/South Asia markets, such as: 35kV electrostatic attack protection, 500mT static magnetic field interference protection, 10mT power frequency electromagnetic field interference protection, and disconnection of neutral wires Protection against electricity theft.
实施例二Example two
如图21、图23和图24所示，在本实施例中，导电件为导电护壁5，导电护壁5呈环状，该导电护壁5包括左右并排布置的两个第一护板51，两个第一护板51竖向设置、且前后延伸，两个第一护板51的下端之间连接有第二护板52，两个第一护板51的上端通过第三护板53相连接。为了方便将导电护壁安装在表盖的内侧，如图20、图21及图24和图25所示，表盖1的左右两内侧壁均具有向底座2方向延伸的第二压板13，对应地，第一护板51上开设有避让第二压板13的第一条形孔511，第二压板13上开设有供第一条形孔511插设的第二限位槽131，第一护板51局部插设于对应第二限位槽131内而限位在表盖1的内侧，具体参见图20所示。As shown in Figure 21, Figure 23 and Figure 24, in this embodiment, the conductive member is a conductive protective wall 5, the conductive protective wall 5 is ring-shaped, the conductive protective wall 5 includes two first protective plates 51 arranged side by side on the left and right, two The first protective plates 51 are vertically arranged and extend forward and backward, a second protective plate 52 is connected between the lower ends of the two first protective plates 51, and the upper ends of the two first protective plates 51 are connected by a third protective plate 53 . In order to facilitate the installation of the conductive protective wall on the inside of the watch cover, as shown in Figures 20, 21, 24 and 25, the left and right inner side walls of the watch cover 1 have second pressing plates 13 extending in the direction of the base 2, correspondingly , The first protective plate 51 is provided with a first strip hole 511 for avoiding the second pressure plate 13, and the second pressure plate 13 is provided with a second limiting slot 131 for the first strip hole 511 to be inserted. 51 is partially inserted into the corresponding second limiting slot 131 and limited on the inner side of the watch cover 1, as shown in FIG. 20 for details.
此外，如图14至图17及图23所示，底座2上具有朝表盖1方向延伸、用来支撑电路板3的第二支撑板22，第二支撑板22邻近底座2的内侧壁设置，且该第二支撑板22具有与底座2对应内侧壁相连、用来支撑第一护板51的连接板23，在导电护壁5处于安装完毕状态下，第一护板51局部位于第二压板13和连接板23之间，具体参见图16所示。为了方便卡接电路板，第二支撑板22的一侧设置有延伸板221，延伸板221在朝向电路板3的侧壁上设置有卡扣222，对应地，电路板3上开设有与卡扣222相卡接配合的卡口31，如此，电路板3通过卡扣222和卡口31的卡接配合而安装在底座2上，具体参见图16和图21所示。In addition, as shown in Figures 14 to 17 and Figure 23, the base 2 has a second support plate 22 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the circuit board 3. The second support plate 22 is arranged adjacent to the inner side wall of the base 2. , And the second supporting plate 22 has a connecting plate 23 connected to the corresponding inner side wall of the base 2 to support the first protective plate 51. When the conductive protective wall 5 is installed, the first protective plate 51 is partially located on the second pressing plate Between 13 and the connecting plate 23, see FIG. 16 for details. In order to facilitate the clamping of the circuit board, one side of the second support plate 22 is provided with an extension plate 221. The extension plate 221 is provided with a buckle 222 on the side wall facing the circuit board 3. Correspondingly, the circuit board 3 is provided with a card The buckle 222 is snap-fitted to the bayonet 31. In this way, the circuit board 3 is mounted on the base 2 through the snap-fit of the buckle 222 and the bayonet 31. Refer to FIGS. 16 and 21 for details.
如图15至图20所示，导电护壁5的第二护板52位于电路板3和容置腔11之间、且卡接固定在容置腔11的背面上。具体地，第二护板52的上部具有向前弯折延伸、且与容置腔11背部的顶面相接触的折板521，折板521上开设有扣孔5211，对应地，容置腔11的顶面上设置有卡入部112，折板521通过卡入部112与对应扣孔5211的卡接配合而安装在容置腔11的顶面上。为了更好地将扣孔与对应的卡入部对接，此外，第二护板52包括左右横向延伸的中间护板520及自中间护板520的左右两端均向下弯折延伸的延伸臂5201，容置腔11的背面上具有向底座2方向延伸的定位柱111，定位柱111有两个，对应地，第二护板52的两个延伸臂5201上均开设有与定位柱111相插接配合的定位孔5212，第二护板52通过定位柱111与定位孔5212的插接配合而定位在容置腔11的背面上，具体参见图20所示。As shown in FIGS. 15 to 20, the second protective plate 52 of the conductive protective wall 5 is located between the circuit board 3 and the accommodating cavity 11, and is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11. Specifically, the upper part of the second protective plate 52 has a folding plate 521 that is bent and extended forward and is in contact with the top surface of the back of the accommodating cavity 11. The foldable plate 521 is provided with a button hole 5211. Correspondingly, the accommodating cavity 11 A clamping portion 112 is provided on the top surface of the, and the folded plate 521 is installed on the top surface of the accommodating cavity 11 through the clamping and fitting of the clamping portion 112 and the corresponding buckle hole 5211. In order to better connect the button holes with the corresponding snap-in parts, in addition, the second guard plate 52 includes a middle guard plate 520 extending laterally from the left and right, and extension arms 5201 that are bent and extended downward from the left and right ends of the middle guard plate 520. , The back of the accommodating cavity 11 has a positioning column 111 extending in the direction of the base 2. There are two positioning columns 111. Correspondingly, the two extension arms 5201 of the second shield 52 are both provided with the positioning columns 111. The second guard plate 52 is positioned on the back of the accommodating cavity 11 through the insertion and mating of the positioning post 111 and the positioning hole 5212, as shown in FIG. 20 for details.
如图20、图24和图25所示，上述的延伸臂5201上连接有弹片522，弹片522上具有向电路板3方向延伸的折弯部5221，折弯部5221为与电路板3上的导电部相电连接的弹性触点，在导电护壁5处于安装完毕状态下，弹性触点与电路板3上的导电部相抵，如此，实现导电护壁5与电路板3上的导电部的电连接。上述的导电部为金属触点，电路板3为PCB板，如此，导电护壁5的弹性触点与电路板3上的金属触点连接，电路板3上的金属触点引线到火线上，而将导电护壁5上的静电导走。此外，弹片和弹性触点的存在，能够在弹性触点处预压手里，让导电护壁和电路板的接触更加地稳定可靠。As shown in Figure 20, Figure 24 and Figure 25, the above-mentioned extension arm 5201 is connected with an elastic piece 522. The elastic piece 522 has a bending portion 5221 extending in the direction of the circuit board 3, and the bending portion 5221 is connected to the circuit board 3. The elastic contacts electrically connected with the conductive parts, when the conductive protective wall 5 is installed, the elastic contacts abut against the conductive parts on the circuit board 3, thus realizing the electrical connection between the conductive protective wall 5 and the conductive parts on the circuit board 3 . The above-mentioned conductive part is a metal contact, and the circuit board 3 is a PCB board. In this way, the elastic contact of the conductive protective wall 5 is connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3, and the metal contact on the circuit board 3 leads to the live wire, and Conduct the static electricity on the conductive protective wall 5 away. In addition, the presence of springs and elastic contacts can pre-press the hands at the elastic contacts, making the contact between the conductive protective wall and the circuit board more stable and reliable.
如图24和图25所示，上述的第三护板53包括与表盖1的顶板15相并排布置的中间板531，中间板531的长度方向的两端分别通过折弯板532与对应侧的第一护板51的前边沿相连接。为了实现对第三护板的插设，表盖顶板15的内侧壁上具有向底座2方向延伸的第一压板12，第一压板12的前端上开设有第一限位槽121，第三护板53插设于第一限位槽121内而限位在表盖顶板15上。此外，底座2上具有朝表盖1方向延伸、用来支撑第三护板53的第一支撑板21，第一支撑板21上连接有用来支撑电路板3的第三支撑板24，第三支撑板24的前边沿位于第一支撑板21的前方，第三支撑板24、第一支撑板21及表盖顶板15之间围合形成供第三护板53的后边沿插设于其内的插槽200，在导电护壁5处于安装完毕状态下，第三护板53位于第一压板12和第一支撑板21之间，具体参见图15和图17所示。As shown in Figures 24 and 25, the above-mentioned third guard plate 53 includes a middle plate 531 arranged side by side with the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1, and both ends of the middle plate 531 in the longitudinal direction pass through the bending plate 532 and the corresponding side respectively. The front edges of the first guard plate 51 are connected. In order to realize the insertion of the third guard plate, the inner side wall of the top plate 15 of the watch cover has a first pressure plate 12 extending in the direction of the base 2, and a first limiting groove 121 is opened on the front end of the first pressure plate 12, and the third guard The plate 53 is inserted into the first limiting slot 121 and limited on the top plate 15 of the watch cover. In addition, the base 2 has a first support plate 21 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the third guard plate 53. The first support plate 21 is connected to the third support plate 24 used to support the circuit board 3. The front edge of the supporting plate 24 is located in front of the first supporting plate 21, and the third supporting plate 24, the first supporting plate 21 and the cover top plate 15 are enclosed to form the rear edge of the third guard plate 53 to be inserted therein In the slot 200, when the conductive protective wall 5 is in the installed state, the third protective plate 53 is located between the first pressing plate 12 and the first supporting plate 21, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 17 for details.
如图14、图16及图22所示，表盖1上开设有供按键柱61插设的安装孔141，按键柱61的末端套设有按键套611，按键套611在朝向电路板3面上设置有与电路板3上的开关位置的导电膜相接触导通的碳膜，导电护壁5上具有供按键柱61穿过的连接环54，连接环54位于表盖1和按键套611之间，具体参见图16所示。具体地，表盖1的前壁板的内侧具有向底座2方向延伸的凸柱14，凸柱14沿其长度方向贯穿有的安装孔141，凸柱14的周壁上凸设有限位凸筋142，连接环位于限位凸筋142和按键套611之间，具体参见图16和图22所示。As shown in Figure 14, Figure 16, and Figure 22, the watch cover 1 is provided with a mounting hole 141 for inserting the key post 61, the end of the key post 61 is covered with a key cover 611, and the key cover 611 faces the circuit board 3 There is a carbon film that is in contact with the conductive film at the switch position on the circuit board 3, and the conductive protective wall 5 has a connecting ring 54 for the key column 61 to pass through. The connecting ring 54 is located between the watch cover 1 and the key cover 611 Please refer to Figure 16 for details. Specifically, the inner side of the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 has a protruding column 14 extending in the direction of the base 2. A mounting hole 141 penetrates the protruding column 14 along its length direction, and a limiting rib 142 is protruding on the peripheral wall of the protruding column 14 , The connecting ring is located between the limiting rib 142 and the button sleeve 611, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 22 for details.
当外部静电经底座和表盖之间的缝隙进入后，导电护壁距离缝隙较近，如此，静电优先传递到最近的导电护壁的对应位置，导电护壁通过与电路板上的导电部电连接，导电部引线到火线上，最终将静电导出至电能表的外部，那么，电能表内的电元件将不会被静电击坏，上述导电护壁可以达到防止35kV的静电。When external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the watch cover, the conductive protective wall is closer to the gap. In this way, the static electricity is preferentially transmitted to the corresponding position of the nearest conductive protective wall. The conductive protective wall is electrically connected to the conductive part on the circuit board. The part leads to the live wire, and finally leads the static electricity to the outside of the electric energy meter. Then, the electric components in the electric energy meter will not be damaged by static electricity, and the above conductive protective wall can prevent 35kV static electricity.
实施例三Example three
在本实施例中，导电件采用铝板的形式，导电件与电路板3上的金属触点相电连接。In this embodiment, the conductive element is in the form of an aluminum plate, and the conductive element is electrically connected with the metal contacts on the circuit board 3.
如图27、图29及图30所示，导电件为局部罩设在电路板3上的导电保护罩7，电路板3局部位于导电保护罩7和底座2之间，导电保护罩7和电路板3之间围合的区域内设置有电元件(未标出)。如图35和图36所示，导电保护罩7包括与表盖1的前壁板相并排布置的前护板71，前护板71的左右两侧边沿均具有向底座2方向弯折的侧护板72，侧护板72与表盖1的左右两侧板并排布置；前护板71的上边沿具有向底座2方向延伸的上护板74，侧护板72的下边沿具有向后且向下延伸的弯折板73。As shown in Figure 27, Figure 29 and Figure 30, the conductive element is a conductive protective cover 7 partially covered on the circuit board 3. The circuit board 3 is partially located between the conductive protective cover 7 and the base 2. The conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit Electrical components (not shown) are arranged in the enclosed area between the plates 3. As shown in Figures 35 and 36, the conductive protective cover 7 includes a front guard plate 71 arranged side by side with the front wall plate of the watch cover 1. The left and right sides of the front guard plate 71 have sides bent in the direction of the base 2. The guard plate 72, the side guard plates 72 and the left and right sides of the watch cover 1 are arranged side by side; the upper edge of the front guard plate 71 has an upper guard plate 74 extending in the direction of the base 2, and the lower edge of the side guard plate 72 has a rearward and Bent plate 73 extending downward.
为了方便安装侧护板，表盖1的左右两内侧壁均具有向底座2方向延伸的第二压板13，对应地，侧护板72上开设有避让第二压板13的第二避让孔721，如图33所示，第二压板13上开设有供侧护板72对应位置插设的第二限位槽131，侧护板72局部插设于对应第二限位槽131内而限位在表盖1的内侧，具体参见图31和图32所示。In order to facilitate the installation of the side guard plate, both the left and right inner side walls of the watch cover 1 have a second pressure plate 13 extending in the direction of the base 2. Correspondingly, the side guard plate 72 is provided with a second escape hole 721 for avoiding the second pressure plate 13. As shown in FIG. 33, the second pressing plate 13 is provided with a second limiting slot 131 for inserting the side guard plate 72 in the corresponding position, and the side guard plate 72 is partially inserted in the corresponding second limiting slot 131 and is limited in The inside of the watch cover 1 is shown in Figure 31 and Figure 32 for details.
此外，如图26至图29及图35所示，底座2上具有朝表盖1方向延伸、用来支撑电路板3的第二支撑板22，第二支撑板22邻近底座2的内侧壁设置，且该第二支撑板22具有与底座2对应内侧壁相连、用来支撑侧护板72的连接板23，在导电保护罩7处于安装完毕状态下，侧护板72局部位于第二压板13和连接板23之间，具体参见图27所示。为了方便卡接电路板，如图29和图34所示，第二支撑板22的一侧设置有延伸板221，延伸板221在朝向电路板3的侧壁上设置有卡扣222，对应地，电路板3上开设有与卡扣222相卡接配合的卡口31，如此，电路板3通过卡扣222和卡口31的卡接配合而安装在底座2上，具体参见图27和图34所示。为了方便安装上护板，如图28和图29所示，上护板74与表盖1的顶板15相并排布置。为了上护板的插装，如图30所示，表盖1顶板15的内侧壁上具有向底座2方向延伸的第一压板12，如图35所示，上护板74上开设有避让第一压板12的第一避让孔741，第一压板12上开设有供上护板74的对应位置插设于其内的第一限位槽121，上护板74局部插设于对应第一限位槽121内而限位在表盖1的内侧，具体参见图31所示；而底座2上具有朝表盖1方向延伸、用来支撑导电保护罩7的上护板74的第一支撑板21，导电保护罩7局部位于第一支撑板21和第一压板12之间。第一支撑板21上连接有用来支撑电路板3的第三支撑板24，第三支撑板24的前边沿位于第一支撑板21的前方，第三支撑板24、第一支撑板21及表盖顶板15之间围合形成供上护板74的后边沿插设于其内的插槽，在导电保护罩7处 于安装完毕状态下，上护板74位于第一压板12和第一支撑板21之间，具体参见图27和图29所示。In addition, as shown in FIGS. 26-29 and 35, the base 2 has a second support plate 22 extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the circuit board 3. The second support plate 22 is disposed adjacent to the inner side wall of the base 2. , And the second support plate 22 has a connecting plate 23 connected to the corresponding inner side wall of the base 2 to support the side guard plate 72. When the conductive protective cover 7 is installed, the side guard plate 72 is partially located on the second pressing plate 13 And the connecting plate 23, see FIG. 27 for details. In order to facilitate the clamping of the circuit board, as shown in FIGS. 29 and 34, an extension plate 221 is provided on one side of the second support plate 22, and the extension plate 221 is provided with a buckle 222 on the side wall facing the circuit board 3, correspondingly , The circuit board 3 is provided with a bayonet 31 that engages with the buckle 222. In this way, the circuit board 3 is mounted on the base 2 through the buckle 222 and the bayonet 31. For details, see FIG. 27 and FIG. 34 shown. In order to facilitate the installation of the upper guard plate, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the upper guard plate 74 and the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1 are arranged side by side. In order to insert the upper guard plate, as shown in Fig. 30, the inner side wall of the top plate 15 of the watch cover 1 has a first pressing plate 12 extending in the direction of the base 2. As shown in Fig. 35, the upper guard plate 74 is provided with a avoidance section. A first escape hole 741 of the pressure plate 12 is provided with a first limit slot 121 into which the corresponding position of the upper guard plate 74 is inserted. The upper guard plate 74 is partially inserted into the corresponding first limit slot. The position groove 121 is limited to the inner side of the watch cover 1, as shown in FIG. 31; and the base 2 has a first support plate extending toward the watch cover 1 and used to support the upper shield 74 of the conductive protective cover 7 21. The conductive protective cover 7 is partially located between the first supporting plate 21 and the first pressing plate 12. A third support plate 24 for supporting the circuit board 3 is connected to the first support plate 21, the front edge of the third support plate 24 is located in front of the first support plate 21, the third support plate 24, the first support plate 21 and the watch The top cover plate 15 is enclosed to form a slot into which the rear edge of the upper guard plate 74 is inserted. When the conductive protective cover 7 is installed, the upper guard plate 74 is located between the first pressing plate 12 and the first supporting plate. Between 21, see Figure 27 and Figure 29 for details.
为了方便安装弯折板，表盖1前壁板的外表面上具有向底座2方向凹陷、用来容置模块的容置腔11，电路板3局部位于容置腔11的后方，导电保护罩7的弯折板73位于电路板3和容置腔11之间、且卡接固定在容置腔11的背面上，具体参见图29所示。具体地，弯折板73的纵截面呈L形，包括横板731和竖板732，弯折板73的横板731上开设扣孔7311，对应地，容置腔11的顶面上设置有卡入部112，弯折板73通过卡入部112与对应扣孔7311的卡接配合而安装在容置腔11的背面上，具体参见图32所示。此外，为了使得卡入部和扣孔对位准确，容置腔11的背面上具有向底座2方向延伸的定位柱111，对应地，竖板732的上开设有与定位柱111相插接配合的定位孔7321，弯折板73通过定位柱111与定位孔7321的插接配合而定位在容置腔11的背面上，具体参见图27所示。In order to facilitate the installation of the bent plate, the outer surface of the front wall plate of the watch cover 1 has an accommodation cavity 11 recessed in the direction of the base 2 for accommodating modules. The circuit board 3 is partially located behind the accommodation cavity 11 and a conductive protective cover The bending plate 73 of 7 is located between the circuit board 3 and the accommodating cavity 11, and is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11, as shown in FIG. 29 for details. Specifically, the longitudinal section of the bent plate 73 is L-shaped, and includes a horizontal plate 731 and a vertical plate 732. The horizontal plate 731 of the bent plate 73 is provided with a button hole 7311. Correspondingly, the top surface of the containing cavity 11 is provided with The snap-in portion 112 and the bent plate 73 are installed on the back of the accommodating cavity 11 through snap-fitting of the snap-in portion 112 and the corresponding buckle hole 7311, as shown in FIG. 32 for details. In addition, in order to accurately align the snap-in part and the button hole, there is a positioning post 111 extending toward the base 2 on the back of the accommodating cavity 11. Correspondingly, the upper opening of the vertical plate 732 is provided with a plug-in fitting with the positioning post 111 The positioning hole 7321 and the bending plate 73 are positioned on the back surface of the accommodating cavity 11 through the insertion and fit of the positioning post 111 and the positioning hole 7321, as shown in FIG. 27 for details.
如图32所示，与实施例一相同的，竖板732的左右两端均具有向下延伸的延伸板733，延伸板733上具有连接有弹片734，弹片734上具有向电路板3方向延伸的折弯部7341，折弯部7341为与电路板3上的金属触点相电连接的弹性触点，在导电保护罩7处于安装完毕状态下，弹性触点与电路板3上的金属触点相抵。上述的电路板3为PCB板，如此，导电保护罩7的弹性触点与电路板3上的金属触点连接，电路板3上的金属触点引线到火线上，而将导电保护罩7上的静电导走。此外，弹片和弹性触点的存在，能够在弹性触点处预压手里，让导电保护罩7和电路板的接触更加地稳定可靠。As shown in FIG. 32, as in the first embodiment, both the left and right ends of the vertical plate 732 have extension plates 733 extending downward. The extension plates 733 have elastic pieces 734 connected to them, and the elastic pieces 734 have extension plates extending in the direction of the circuit board 3. The bent portion 7341, the bent portion 7341 is an elastic contact electrically connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3. When the conductive protective cover 7 is installed, the elastic contact is connected to the metal contact on the circuit board 3. Point out. The above-mentioned circuit board 3 is a PCB board. Thus, the elastic contacts of the conductive protective cover 7 are connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board 3, and the metal contacts on the circuit board 3 are lead to the live wire, and the conductive protective cover 7 The static electricity is led away. In addition, the presence of the elastic sheet and the elastic contact can pre-press the hand at the elastic contact, so that the contact between the conductive protective cover 7 and the circuit board is more stable and reliable.
在本实施例中，当外部静电经底座和表盖之间的缝隙进入后，导电保护罩罩设在电路板上，如此导电保护罩距离缝隙较近，如此，静电优先传递到最近的导电保护罩的对应位置上，导电保护罩通过与电路板上的金属触点电连接，金属触点引线到火线上，最终将静电导出至电能表的外部，那么，电能表内的电元件将不会被静电击坏，上述导电保护罩可以达到防止35kV的静电。In this embodiment, when external static electricity enters through the gap between the base and the watch cover, the conductive protective cover is placed on the circuit board, so that the conductive protective cover is closer to the gap, so that the static electricity is preferentially transferred to the nearest conductive protection At the corresponding position of the cover, the conductive protective cover is electrically connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board, and the metal contacts lead to the live wire, and finally the static electricity is exported to the outside of the electric energy meter. Then, the electric components in the electric energy meter will not Damaged by static electricity, the above-mentioned conductive protective cover can prevent 35kV static electricity.
实施例四Example four
参见图37和图38，电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块N1、DC-DC模块N2、第一超级电容C5和第二超级电容C6，AC-DC模块N1的输入端连接市电，用于将交流电转换成直流电，AC-DC模块N1的输出端连接双路DC-DC模块N2的输入端，双路DC-DC模块N2的第一输出端Vout1分成两路，其中一路连接电能表的MCU及系统主电源，另一路通过控制电路N6连接电能表的通讯模块电源，双路DC-DC模块N2的第二输出端Vout2分别连接有第一超级电容C5和第二超级电容C6，第二超级电容C6与MCU及系统主电源相连接，用于停电时为MCU及系统主电源供电，第一超级电容C5通过 升压电路N5与双路DC-DC模块N2的输入端相连接，且升压电路N5和控制电路N6分别设有第一控制端EN1和第二控制端EN2，第一控制端EN1和第二控制端EN2均连接在MCU的端口上，用于通过MCU控制第一超级电容C5给通讯模块供电。本实施例中，AC-DC模块N1为整流滤波电路，AC-DC模块N1的输出端输出电压为13.5V，双路DC-DC模块N2采用ISL6227芯片，经过双路DC-DC模块N2降压后，双路DC-DC模块N2的第一输出端Vout1输出电压为3.8V，第二输出端Vout2输出电压为5V。Referring to Figure 37 and Figure 38, the power management system includes an AC-DC module N1, a DC-DC module N2, a first super capacitor C5 and a second super capacitor C6. The input end of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the mains for The AC power is converted into DC power. The output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module N2. The first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the MCU and The main power supply of the system, the other is connected to the communication module power supply of the electric energy meter through the control circuit N6, the second output terminal Vout2 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is respectively connected to the first super capacitor C5 and the second super capacitor C6, the second super capacitor C6 is connected to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, and is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system in the event of a power failure. The first super capacitor C5 is connected to the input terminal of the dual DC-DC module N2 through the boost circuit N5, and the boost circuit N5 and control circuit N6 are respectively provided with a first control terminal EN1 and a second control terminal EN2. Both the first control terminal EN1 and the second control terminal EN2 are connected to the ports of the MCU for controlling the first super capacitor C5 to give Communication module power supply. In this embodiment, the AC-DC module N1 is a rectifier filter circuit, the output voltage of the AC-DC module N1 is 13.5V, and the dual-channel DC-DC module N2 uses the ISL6227 chip, which is stepped down by the dual-channel DC-DC module N2 Later, the output voltage of the first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is 3.8V, and the output voltage of the second output terminal Vout2 is 5V.
AC-DC模块N1的输出端还分出一路，AC-DC模块N1的输出端连接第一二极管VD1的正极，第一二极管VD1的负极为第一输出端OUTPUT1，该第一输出端OUTPUT1连接继电器，用于对电能表内的继电器进行驱动。本实施例中，AC-DC模块N1的输出端输出电压13.5V通过第一二极管VD1隔离，得到的第一输出端OUTPUT1输出电压为13V，用于给电能表内的继电器供电。The output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is also divided into one channel. The output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is connected to the anode of the first diode VD1, and the cathode of the first diode VD1 is the first output terminal OUTPUT1. The terminal OUTPUT1 is connected to the relay, which is used to drive the relay in the electric energy meter. In this embodiment, the output voltage of 13.5V at the output terminal of the AC-DC module N1 is isolated by the first diode VD1, and the output voltage of the first output terminal OUTPUT1 obtained is 13V, which is used to supply power to the relay in the electric energy meter.
双路DC-DC模块N2的第一输出端Vout1中的其中一路连接第八二极管VD8的正极，第八二极管VD8的负极连接第二电解电容CE2的正极，第二电解电容CE2的负极接地，第八二极管VD8和第二电解电容CE2的连接处为第三输出端OUTPUT3，第三输出端OUTPUT3连接电能表的MCU及系统主电源，用于为电能表的MCU及系统主电源供电。One of the first output terminals Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is connected to the anode of the eighth diode VD8, and the cathode of the eighth diode VD8 is connected to the anode of the second electrolytic capacitor CE2. The negative pole is grounded. The connection between the eighth diode VD8 and the second electrolytic capacitor CE2 is the third output terminal OUTPUT3. The third output terminal OUTPUT3 is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system. Power supply.
其中，控制通讯模块电源供电的控制电路N6包括第三电解电容CE3、第四电解电容CE4、第三电容C3、第四电容C4、MOS管Q1、三极管V1、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6和第七电阻R7，双路DC-DC模块N2的第一输出端Vout1的另外一路连接第三电解电容CE3的正极，第三电解电容CE3并联第三电容C3，第三电解电容CE3的负极和第三电容C3的另一端连接并接地，第三电解电容CE3的正极和第三电容C3的连接端分别连接第五电阻R5和MOS管Q1的源极，第五电阻R5的另一端连接MOS管Q1的栅极，第五电阻R5和MOS管Q1的连接端连接三极管V1的集电极，三极管V1的基极分别连接第六电阻R6和第七电阻R7的一端，第六电阻R6的另一端为第二控制端EN2，第七电阻R7的另一端连接第一三极管V1的发射极并接地，MOS管Q1的漏极连接第四电解电容CE4的正极，第四电解电容CE4的负极接地，第四电解电容CE4的正极连接第四电容C4的一端，第四电容C4的另一端接地，第四电解电容CE4和第四电容C4连接处为第四输出端OUTPUT4，第四输出端OUTPUT4连接通讯模块电源，用于给通讯模块供电。本实施例中，MOS管Q1为PMOS管，三极管V1为NPN管。Among them, the control circuit N6 for controlling the power supply of the communication module includes a third electrolytic capacitor CE3, a fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a MOS transistor Q1, a transistor V1, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. And the seventh resistor R7, the other one of the first output terminal Vout1 of the dual DC-DC module N2 is connected to the positive electrode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3, the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3, the negative electrode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 and The other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected and grounded, the anode of the third electrolytic capacitor CE3 and the connection end of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the fifth resistor R5 and the source of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the MOS transistor The gate of Q1, the connection end of the fifth resistor R5 and the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor V1, the base of the transistor V1 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is The second control terminal EN2, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of the first triode V1 and grounded, the drain of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4, and the negative electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 is grounded. The positive electrode of the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded. The connection between the fourth electrolytic capacitor CE4 and the fourth capacitor C4 is the fourth output terminal OUTPUT4, and the fourth output terminal OUTPUT4 is connected to communication The module power supply is used to supply power to the communication module. In this embodiment, the MOS tube Q1 is a PMOS tube, and the transistor V1 is an NPN tube.
还包括第一双路二极管、第二双路二极管、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4和第三二极管VD3，双路DC-DC模块的第二输出端Vout2分别连接第一双路二极管和第二双路二极管，第一双路二极管为第四二极管VD4和第五二极管VD5正向并联而成，第二双路二极管为第六二极管VD6和第七二极管VD7正向并联而成，第四二极管VD4和第五二极管VD5的负极均连接第三电阻R3的一端，第三电阻R3的另一端连接第一超级 电容C5的正极，第六二极管VD6和第七二极管VD7的负极均连接第四电阻R4的一端，第四电阻R4的另一端连接第二超级电容C6的正极，第一超级电容C5的负极和第二超级电容C6的负极相连接并接地，第四电阻R4和第二超级电容C6连接端还连接第三二极管VD3的正极，第三二极管VD3的负极为第二输出端OUTPUT2，第二输出端OUTPUT2连接电能表的MCU及系统主电源。该第二超级电容C6在市电工作下，用于存储电能，且在停电的情况下，使用第二超级电容C6内的电能对电能表的MCU及系统主电源供电，能有效解决停电时电能表的断电情况，在停电时电能表仍能使用。It also includes a first dual diode, a second dual diode, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a third diode VD3. The second output terminal Vout2 of the dual DC-DC module is respectively connected to the first dual diode And the second two-way diode, the first two-way diode is a forward parallel connection of the fourth diode VD4 and the fifth diode VD5, and the second two-way diode is the sixth diode VD6 and the seventh diode VD7 is connected in parallel in the forward direction. The cathodes of the fourth diode VD4 and the fifth diode VD5 are both connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the first supercapacitor C5. The cathodes of the pole tube VD6 and the seventh diode VD7 are both connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the anode of the second super capacitor C6, the cathode of the first super capacitor C5 and the second super capacitor C6 The cathode of the fourth resistor R4 and the second super capacitor C6 are also connected to the anode of the third diode VD3. The cathode of the third diode VD3 is the second output terminal OUTPUT2, and the second output terminal OUTPUT2 Connect the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system. The second super capacitor C6 is used to store electric energy when the mains power is working, and in the case of a power failure, the electric energy in the second super capacitor C6 is used to supply power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system, which can effectively solve the power failure The power outage of the meter can still be used in the event of a power outage.
第三电阻R3和第一超级电容C5连接端之间还连接有第二电容C2，第二电容C2的另一端接地，第二电容C2连接升压电路N5，其中，升压电路N5包括电感L1、升压芯片N3、第二二极管VD2、第一电解电容CE1、第一电容C1、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，第二电容C2连接电感L1的一端，电感L1的另一端连接第二二极管VD2的正极，第二二极管VD2的负极连接在AC-DC模块N1与双路DC-DC模块N2连接端，升压芯片N3的第5引脚连接在第二电容C2和电感L1的连接端，升压芯片N3的第4引脚为第一控制端EN1，升压芯片N3的第1引脚连接在第二二极管VD2和电感L1的连接端，升压芯片N3的第2引脚连接第一电容C1的一端，第一电容C1的另一端连接第二二极管VD2的负极，且第一电容C1与第一电解电容CE1相并联，所述第一电容C1和第一电解电容CE1的负极相连接并接地，升压芯片N3的第3引脚分别连接第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2的一端，第一电阻R1的另一端连接第一电压VCC，第二电阻R2的另一端接地。本实施例中，升压芯片N3采用LN2220芯片，通过MCU连接该升压芯片N3的第一控制端EN1和控制电路中的第二控制端EN2，在市电正常情况下，第一超级电容C5充电，存储电能，MCU控制升压电路不工作，在停电后，通过MCU控制升压电路工作为通讯模块电源供电。A second capacitor C2 is also connected between the connection end of the third resistor R3 and the first super capacitor C5, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the second capacitor C2 is connected to the boost circuit N5, wherein the boost circuit N5 includes an inductor L1 , Boost chip N3, second diode VD2, first electrolytic capacitor CE1, first capacitor C1, first resistor R1 and second resistor R2, second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the other end of inductor L1 is connected The anode of the second diode VD2 and the cathode of the second diode VD2 are connected to the connection terminal of the AC-DC module N1 and the dual DC-DC module N2. The fifth pin of the boost chip N3 is connected to the second capacitor C2 The terminal connected to the inductor L1, the fourth pin of the boost chip N3 is the first control terminal EN1, the first pin of the boost chip N3 is connected to the connection terminal of the second diode VD2 and the inductor L1, the boost chip The second pin of N3 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2, and the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first electrolytic capacitor CE1. C1 and the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor CE1 are connected and grounded, the third pin of the boost chip N3 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first voltage VCC, The other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. In this embodiment, the boost chip N3 adopts the LN2220 chip, and the first control terminal EN1 of the boost chip N3 and the second control terminal EN2 in the control circuit are connected through the MCU. Under normal mains power conditions, the first super capacitor C5 To charge and store electric energy, the MCU controls the boost circuit to not work. After a power failure, the MCU controls the boost circuit to power the communication module.
通过将市电整流降压后得到的电压分成两路，一路用于对继电器进行驱动，另一路用于继续降压，使用双路DC-DC模块输出两路不同的电压系统，一路用于对电能表的MCU及主系统电源和通讯模块进行供电，另一路则是对超级电容进行充电，用于停电时两路超级电容分别进行放电，供MCU及主系统电源和通讯模块使用，该电能表的电源管理系统所使用的升压和降压电路少，减少了出现故障的可能性且能满足不同的电压系统和停电时对整个系统的供电，因此该电能表的电路简单、成本低且稳定性好，不易损坏，能保证电能表的正常使用。By dividing the voltage obtained after the mains rectification and step-down, one is used to drive the relay, the other is used to continue to step down, and the dual DC-DC module is used to output two different voltage systems, and the other is used to The MCU of the electric energy meter and the main system power supply and communication module provide power, and the other is to charge the super capacitor, which is used for discharging the two super capacitors separately when the power fails, and is used by the MCU and the main system power supply and communication module. The power management system uses fewer boost and step-down circuits, which reduces the possibility of failure and can meet different voltage systems and power supply to the entire system in the event of a power outage. Therefore, the circuit of the energy meter is simple, low-cost and stable Good performance, not easy to damage, can ensure the normal use of the electric energy meter.
实施例五Example five
请参阅图39，电能表10包括电源100、供电电路200及通信模块300，电源100与通信模块300电连接，且电源100通过供电电路200与通信模块300电连接，即供电电路200与电源100、通信模块300均电连接。Referring to FIG. 39, the electric energy meter 10 includes a power supply 100, a power supply circuit 200, and a communication module 300. The power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300, and the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300 through the power supply circuit 200, that is, the power supply circuit 200 and the power supply 100 , The communication modules 300 are electrically connected.
在实施例中，电源100与通信模块300、供电电路200均电连接，用于在电能表10未掉电时，给通信模块300供电，且给供电电路200进行充电，以使在电能表10掉电时，供电电路200能够给通信模块300供电。电源100可以是多个串联电池组成的电池组，为通信模块300和供电电路200提供直流电源100，也可以是电源100适配器，将交流电转换为直流电并给通信模块300和通信模块300提供直流电源100。In the embodiment, the power supply 100 is electrically connected to the communication module 300 and the power supply circuit 200, and is used to supply power to the communication module 300 and charge the power supply circuit 200 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, so that the electric energy meter 10 When the power is off, the power supply circuit 200 can supply power to the communication module 300. The power supply 100 can be a battery pack composed of multiple batteries connected in series to provide a DC power supply 100 for the communication module 300 and the power supply circuit 200, or it can be a power supply 100 adapter that converts AC power to DC power and provides DC power for the communication module 300 and the communication module 300 100.
在实施例中，供电电路200与电源100、通信模块300均电连接，用于在电能表10未掉电时，将电源100传输过来的电能进行存储，并在电能表10掉电时，给通信模块300供电。供电电路200包括储能模块210、升压控制电路N620及升压电路230。电源100、储能模块210、升压控制电路N620、升压电路230及通信模块300依次电连接，且储能模块210与升压电路230电连接。In the embodiment, the power supply circuit 200 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the communication module 300, and is used to store the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered off, and to provide the The communication module 300 supplies power. The power supply circuit 200 includes an energy storage module 210, a boost control circuit N620, and a boost circuit 230. The power supply 100, the energy storage module 210, the boost control circuit N620, the boost circuit 230, and the communication module 300 are electrically connected in sequence, and the energy storage module 210 is electrically connected with the boost circuit 230.
请参阅图40，于本实用新型的其他实施例中，为了隔离来自电源100和通信模块300的电压影响，供电电路200还可以包括防护电路240，防护电路240电连接于升压电路230与通信模块300之间，且电连接于电源100与通信模块300之间。Referring to FIG. 40, in other embodiments of the present invention, in order to isolate the voltage influence from the power supply 100 and the communication module 300, the power supply circuit 200 may further include a protection circuit 240, which is electrically connected to the boost circuit 230 and the communication Between the modules 300 and electrically connected between the power supply 100 and the communication module 300.
在实施例中，储能模块210与电源100、升压控制电路N620、升压电路230均电连接，用于在电能表10未掉电时，将电源100传输过来的电能进行存储，并在电能表10掉电时，依次通过升压控制电路N620、升压电路230给通信模块300供电。In the embodiment, the energy storage module 210 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, the boost control circuit N620, and the boost circuit 230, and is used to store the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, and to When the power meter 10 is powered off, the communication module 300 is supplied with power through the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 in sequence.
储能模块210包括电压转换电路211和储能电容212，电压转换电路211与储能电容212电连接，且电压转换电路211与电源100、升压控制电路N620电连接，储能电容212与升压控制电路N620、升压电路230均电连接。The energy storage module 210 includes a voltage conversion circuit 211 and an energy storage capacitor 212. The voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, and the voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the boost control circuit N620. The energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the boost control circuit N620. Both the voltage control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 are electrically connected.
电压转换电路211与电源100、储能电容212、升压控制电路N620均电连接，用于将电源100传输过来的电能进行电压转换，以给储能电容212充电。The voltage conversion circuit 211 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, the energy storage capacitor 212, and the boost control circuit N620, and is used for voltage conversion of the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 to charge the energy storage capacitor 212.
请参阅图41，电压转换电路211包括稳压电路2111和降压电路2112，稳压电路2111和降压电路2112电连接，且稳压电路2111与电源100、升压控制电路N620电连接，降压电路2112与储能电容212电连接。稳压电路2111用于将电源100传输过来的电能进行稳压后，传输至降压电路2112，以使降压电路2112对其进行降压后给储能电容212进行充电。41, the voltage conversion circuit 211 includes a voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 and a step-down circuit 2112. The voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 and the step-down circuit 2112 are electrically connected, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 is electrically connected to the power supply 100 and the step-up control circuit N620. The voltage circuit 2112 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212. The voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 is used for stabilizing the electric energy transferred from the power supply 100 and then transmitting it to the step-down circuit 2112 so that the step-down circuit 2112 steps down the voltage and then charges the energy storage capacitor 212.
请参阅图42，稳压电路2111包括第一电容C1、第二电容C2和稳压芯片N1，降压电路2112包括第一二极管VD1和第一电阻R1。稳压芯片N1的输入端与电源100连接，且通过第一电容C1接地；稳压芯片N1的输出端与升压控制电路N620电连接，且通过第二电容C2接地，并与第一二极管VD1的正极电连接；第一二极管VD1的负极通过第一电阻R1与储能电容212电连接。稳压芯片N1可以是78L05稳压芯片N1。Referring to FIG. 42, the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111 includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a voltage stabilizing chip N1, and the step-down circuit 2112 includes a first diode VD1 and a first resistor R1. The input end of the voltage stabilizing chip N1 is connected to the power supply 100 and is grounded through the first capacitor C1; the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip N1 is electrically connected to the boost control circuit N620, and is grounded through the second capacitor C2, and is connected to the first diode The anode of the tube VD1 is electrically connected; the cathode of the first diode VD1 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212 through the first resistor R1. The voltage regulator chip N1 may be a 78L05 voltage regulator chip N1.
需要说明的是，第一电阻R1可以是可调电阻，通过调节可调电阻的阻值，可以改变充电电压电流，进而改变充电时间，以适配作业需求；并且第一二极管VD1单向导通，可以避免在电能表10掉电后出现电压反灌现象。It should be noted that the first resistor R1 can be an adjustable resistor. By adjusting the resistance of the adjustable resistor, the charging voltage and current can be changed, and then the charging time can be changed to suit the operation requirements; and the first diode VD1 is unidirectional It can avoid the phenomenon of voltage back irrigation after the electric energy meter 10 is powered off.
储能电容212与降压电路2112、升压控制电路N620及升压电路230均电连接，用于在电能表10未掉电时，存储降压电路2112传输过来的电能，并在电能表10掉电时，给升压控制电路N620及升压电路230供电，并依次通过升压控制电路N620及升压电路230给通信模块300供电。储能电容212的一端与降压电路2112、升压控制电路N620、升压电路230电连接，储能电容212的另一端接地。具体地，储能电容212可以是超级电容。The energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the step-down circuit 2112, the step-up control circuit N620, and the step-up circuit 230, and is used to store the electrical energy transmitted by the step-down circuit 2112 when the electrical energy meter 10 is not powered down, and store it in the electrical energy meter 10. When the power is off, power is supplied to the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230, and power is supplied to the communication module 300 through the boost control circuit N620 and the boost circuit 230 in turn. One end of the energy storage capacitor 212 is electrically connected to the step-down circuit 2112, the step-up control circuit N620, and the step-up circuit 230, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor 212 is grounded. Specifically, the energy storage capacitor 212 may be a super capacitor.
在本实施例中，升压控制电路N620与储能电容212、稳压电路2111及升压电路230均电连接，用于在电能表10掉电时自动导通，以使升压电路230能够对储能电容212传输过来的电能进行升压，进而给通信模块300进行供电，也就是说，在电能表10未掉电时，升压控制电路N620未导通，升压电路230不能对储能电容212传输过来的电能进行升压，也就不能给通信模块300供电。In this embodiment, the boost control circuit N620 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, the voltage stabilizing circuit 2111, and the boost circuit 230, and is used to automatically turn on when the electric energy meter 10 is powered off, so that the boost circuit 230 can Boost the electric energy transferred from the energy storage capacitor 212, and then supply power to the communication module 300. That is to say, when the electric energy meter 10 is not powered down, the boost control circuit N620 is not turned on, and the boost circuit 230 cannot supply power to the storage capacitor. The electric energy transferred from the capacitor 212 can be boosted, and the communication module 300 cannot be supplied with power.
升压控制电路N620包括第二二极管VD2、三极管Q1、第二电阻R2及第三电容C3，三极管Q1的发射极与第二二极管VD2的负极电连接，第二二极管VD2的正极与储能电容212电连接；三极管Q1的基极通过第二电阻R2接地，且与稳压芯片N1的输出端电连接；三极管Q1的集电极通过第三电容C3接地，且与升压电路230电连接。具体地，三极管Q1可以是2SA1037型三极管The boost control circuit N620 includes a second diode VD2, a transistor Q1, a second resistor R2, and a third capacitor C3. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode VD2. The anode is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212; the base of the transistor Q1 is grounded through the second resistor R2, and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator chip N1; the collector of the transistor Q1 is grounded through the third capacitor C3, and is connected to the boost circuit 230 electrical connections. Specifically, the transistor Q1 may be a 2SA1037 type transistor
在本实施例中，升压电路230与储能电容212、三极管Q1的集电极、防护电路240均电连接，用于在三极管Q1导通的情况下，将储能电容212传输的电能进行升压后，通过防护电路240传输至通信模块300，以给通信模块300供电。In this embodiment, the boost circuit 230 is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, the collector of the transistor Q1, and the protection circuit 240, and is used to boost the electric energy transmitted by the energy storage capacitor 212 when the transistor Q1 is turned on. After being pressed, it is transmitted to the communication module 300 through the protection circuit 240 to supply power to the communication module 300.
请参阅图43，升压电路230包括第四电容C4、升压单元231、滤波电路232及分压电路233，储能电容212、第四电容C4、升压单元231、滤波电路232及防护电路240依次电连接，分压电路233分别与滤波电路232、升压单元231电连接，且升压单元231与三极管Q1的集电极电连接。Please refer to FIG. 43, the boost circuit 230 includes a fourth capacitor C4, a boost unit 231, a filter circuit 232, and a voltage divider circuit 233, an energy storage capacitor 212, a fourth capacitor C4, a boost unit 231, a filter circuit 232, and a protection circuit 240 is electrically connected in sequence, the voltage divider circuit 233 is electrically connected to the filter circuit 232 and the boost unit 231, and the boost unit 231 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q1.
升压单元231包括升压芯片N2、电感L及第三二极管VD3，滤波电路232包括第五电容C5和第六电容C6，分压电路233包括第三电阻R3和第四电阻R4；升压芯片N2的输入端(VIN)通过第四电容C4接地，且与储能电容212电连接，并通过电感L与升压芯片N2的控制端(SW)电连接；升压芯片N2的控制端(SW)与第三二极管VD3的正极电连接，第三二极管VD3的负极通过第五电容C5接地，第六电容C6并联至第五电容C5的两端，且第六电容C6与防护电路240电连接；升压芯片N2的使能端(EN)与三极管Q1的集电极电连接；升压芯片N2的反馈端(FB)通过第四电阻R4接地，且通过第三电阻R3与第六电容C6电连接。升压芯片N2可以是型号为LN2220的升压芯片。The boost unit 231 includes a boost chip N2, an inductor L and a third diode VD3, the filter circuit 232 includes a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth capacitor C6, and the voltage divider circuit 233 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; The input terminal (VIN) of the boost chip N2 is grounded through the fourth capacitor C4, and is electrically connected to the energy storage capacitor 212, and is electrically connected to the control terminal (SW) of the boost chip N2 through the inductor L; the control terminal of the boost chip N2 (SW) is electrically connected to the anode of the third diode VD3, the cathode of the third diode VD3 is grounded through the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6 is connected in parallel to both ends of the fifth capacitor C5, and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the The protection circuit 240 is electrically connected; the enable terminal (EN) of the boost chip N2 is electrically connected with the collector of the transistor Q1; the feedback terminal (FB) of the boost chip N2 is grounded through the fourth resistor R4, and is connected to the ground through the third resistor R3 The sixth capacitor C6 is electrically connected. The boost chip N2 may be a boost chip with the model number LN2220.
在本实施例中，防护电路240与第六电容C6、电源100及通信模块300均电连接，防护电路240包括第四二极管VD4，第四二极管VD4的正极与第六电容C6、电源100 均电连接，第四二极管VD4的负极与通信模块300电连接。In this embodiment, the protection circuit 240 is electrically connected to the sixth capacitor C6, the power supply 100, and the communication module 300. The protection circuit 240 includes a fourth diode VD4, the anode of the fourth diode VD4 and the sixth capacitor C6, The power supplies 100 are all electrically connected, and the cathode of the fourth diode VD4 is electrically connected to the communication module 300.
于本实用新型的其它实施例中，防护电路240还可以包括第四二极管VD4和第五二极管VD5，第四二极管VD4的正极与电源100电连接，第四二极管VD4的负极与通信模块300电连接；第五二极管VD5的正极与第六电容C6电连接，第五二极管VD5的负极与通信模块300电连接。In other embodiments of the present invention, the protection circuit 240 may further include a fourth diode VD4 and a fifth diode VD5, the anode of the fourth diode VD4 is electrically connected to the power supply 100, and the fourth diode VD4 The cathode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the communication module 300; the anode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the sixth capacitor C6, and the cathode of the fifth diode VD5 is electrically connected to the communication module 300.
在本实施例中，通信模块300与防护电路240电连接，且与电能表10的主控芯片电连接，用于与服务器进行通信，当电能表10掉电时，主控芯片生成掉电时间信息，并通过通信模块300发送至服务器。通信模块300可以是，但不限于DSP芯片和半导体芯片。通信可通过光纤、有线宽带或专属4G通道等方式。In this embodiment, the communication module 300 is electrically connected to the protection circuit 240 and electrically connected to the main control chip of the electric energy meter 10 for communicating with the server. When the electric energy meter 10 is powered off, the main control chip generates the power down time The information is sent to the server through the communication module 300. The communication module 300 may be, but is not limited to, a DSP chip and a semiconductor chip. Communication can be through optical fiber, wired broadband or dedicated 4G channels.
与现有技术相比，本实施例还具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, this embodiment also has the following beneficial effects:
1.通过在储能电容前设置包含第一二极管和第一电阻的降压电路，可以将储能电容的最大充电电压进行限制，以防止过充，损坏储能电容，第一电阻可以限制充电电流，第一二极管和第一电阻都有利于提升储能电容的充电寿命，若需提升储能电容充电速度，可将第一电阻适应性减小。1. By setting the step-down circuit including the first diode and the first resistor in front of the energy storage capacitor, the maximum charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor can be limited to prevent overcharging and damage the energy storage capacitor. The first resistor can To limit the charging current, the first diode and the first resistor are beneficial to increase the charging life of the energy storage capacitor. If the charging speed of the energy storage capacitor needs to be increased, the first resistor can be adaptively reduced.
2.体积小，布局灵活，电路可靠性、通用性高；低成本，高性能，输出稳定，寿命长。2. Small size, flexible layout, high circuit reliability and versatility; low cost, high performance, stable output and long life.
本实用新型提供的供电电路的工作原理是：The working principle of the power supply circuit provided by the utility model is:
电源在电能表未掉电时，通过防护电路给通信模块进行供电，还通过电压转换电路给储能电容进行充电，储能电容存储电能；在电能表掉电时，储能电容将存储的电能依次通过升压控制电路、升压电路及防护电路给通信模块供电，以使电能表在掉电的情况下，仍旧可以将掉电事件信息发送至服务器。When the power meter is not powered off, the power supply supplies power to the communication module through the protection circuit, and also charges the energy storage capacitor through the voltage conversion circuit, which stores electrical energy; when the energy meter is powered off, the energy stored by the energy storage capacitor Power is supplied to the communication module through the boost control circuit, the boost circuit and the protection circuit in sequence, so that the power meter can still send the power failure event information to the server in the case of a power failure.
综上所述，本实用新型提供一种供电电路及电能表，在电能表未掉电时，电源为供电电路的储能模块充电及为通信模块进行供电，在电能表掉电时，已经充电的储能模块依次通过升压控制电路及升压电路为通信模块进行供电，有效解决了电能表掉电后，无法将掉电事件信息发送至服务器的情况，从而实现掉电电能表的掉电事件信息上报，以使工作人员尽快维修，减少损失。In summary, the utility model provides a power supply circuit and an electric energy meter. When the electric energy meter is not powered off, the power supply charges the energy storage module of the power supply circuit and supplies power to the communication module. When the electric energy meter is powered off, it has been charged. The energy storage module in turn supplies power to the communication module through the boost control circuit and the boost circuit, which effectively solves the situation that the power meter cannot send the power failure event information to the server after the power meter is powered off, thereby realizing the power failure of the power meter The incident information is reported so that the staff can repair as soon as possible and reduce losses.
实施例六Example Six
在上述实施例一和实施例四中，电能表中设置有电源转换电路，一般为LDO(Low Dropout Regulator，低压差线性稳压器)电路与DC/DC(Direct current-Direct current converter，电压转换)电路。以Buck电路为例进行说明，其开关频率普遍在400kHz-2MHz之间，导致其辐射能量较强，但其电源转换效率一般能够达到90％以上。In the first and fourth embodiments above, the electric energy meter is provided with a power conversion circuit, generally LDO (Low Dropout Regulator, low dropout linear regulator) circuit and DC/DC (Direct current-Direct current converter, voltage conversion ) Circuit. Take the Buck circuit as an example to illustrate, its switching frequency is generally between 400kHz-2MHz, resulting in strong radiation energy, but its power conversion efficiency can generally reach more than 90%.
请参阅图44，下面以具体的Buck电路为例进行说明，在Buck电路处于CCM工作模式下时，即电感电流连续不断时，若开关导通，则A点电压为Vin，B点电压为Vout； 若开关断开，则A点电压为接地电压，B点电压为Vout；在Buck电路处于DCM工作模式下时，即电感电流断续时，若开关导通，则A点电压为接地电压，B点电压为Vout；若开关断开，且电感电流不为零时，则A点电压为接地电压，若开关断开，且电感电流为零时，A点电压为Vout，B点电压也为Vout。Please refer to Figure 44. The following takes a specific Buck circuit as an example. When the Buck circuit is in CCM mode, that is, when the inductor current is continuous, if the switch is turned on, the voltage at point A is Vin and the voltage at point B is Vout. ; If the switch is off, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage, and the voltage at point B is Vout; when the Buck circuit is in DCM operating mode, that is, when the inductor current is intermittent, if the switch is turned on, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage. The voltage at point B is Vout; if the switch is off and the inductor current is not zero, the voltage at point A is the ground voltage; if the switch is off and the inductor current is zero, the voltage at point A is Vout and the voltage at point B is also Vout.
可以理解地，A点电压存在高频率的大幅度的跳变，会产生大量的噪声，并向外辐射，因此A点为“动点”；而B点电压稳定，因此B点为“静点”。即当电感接入电路中时，电感位于“动点”的一端后产生大量辐射，电感位于“静点”的一端则不会存在辐射。目前，电感一般包括多层绕组，多层绕组逐层排列，且电感一般包括始端与末端，其中，电感的始端与电感最内层绕组连接，而电感的末端与电感最外层绕组连接。Understandably, the voltage at point A has high frequency and large jumps, which will generate a lot of noise and radiate outwards, so point A is the "moving point"; while the voltage at point B is stable, so point B is the "static point" ". That is, when the inductor is connected to the circuit, a large amount of radiation is generated after the inductor is located at one end of the "moving point", and there is no radiation if the inductor is located at the end of the "static point". At present, inductors generally include multilayer windings, which are arranged layer by layer, and inductors generally include a beginning and an end. The beginning of the inductor is connected to the innermost winding of the inductor, and the end of the inductor is connected to the outermost winding of the inductor.
在安装电感时，若电感的始端连接于A点时，则电感的始端为“动点”，由于“动点”位于电感的最内层，其外部还有绕组的其余部分包围，因此外层的绕组形成屏蔽，可以抑制“动点”向外辐射的能量。然而，若电感的末端连接于A点时，则“动点”暴露在最外侧，由于没有屏蔽的作用，因此较强的能量向外辐射。因此，在安装过程中，应当将电感始端安装于电路的A点。When installing the inductor, if the starting end of the inductor is connected to point A, the starting end of the inductor is the "moving point". Because the "moving point" is located in the innermost layer of the inductor, the rest of the winding is surrounded by the outside, so the outer layer The winding forms a shield, which can suppress the energy radiated from the "moving point". However, if the end of the inductor is connected to point A, the "moving point" is exposed on the outermost side. Since there is no shielding effect, stronger energy is radiated outward. Therefore, during the installation process, the starting end of the inductor should be installed at point A of the circuit.
为了解决上述问题，请参阅图45与图46，本实用新型实施例提供了一种电感100，该电感100包括电感本体110、第一引脚120、第二引脚130以及第三引脚140，其中，电感本体110包括至少两层绕组，第一引脚120与电感本体110的最内层绕组连接，第二引脚130与电感本体110的最外层绕组连接，且第一引脚120、第二引脚130以及第三引脚140围成一第一三角形，第一引脚120与第二引脚130之间的距离、第二引脚130与第三引脚140之间的距离以及第一引脚120与第三引脚140之间的距离中至少两个不相等。In order to solve the above problem, please refer to FIGS. 45 and 46. An embodiment of the present invention provides an inductor 100. The inductor 100 includes an inductor body 110, a first pin 120, a second pin 130, and a third pin 140. , Wherein the inductor body 110 includes at least two layers of windings, the first pin 120 is connected to the innermost winding of the inductor body 110, the second pin 130 is connected to the outermost winding of the inductor body 110, and the first pin 120 , The second pin 130 and the third pin 140 form a first triangle, the distance between the first pin 120 and the second pin 130, the distance between the second pin 130 and the third pin 140 And at least two of the distances between the first pin 120 and the third pin 140 are not equal.
通过本实施例提供的电感100，能够在安装电感100时保证电感100不会反接，进而不会产生较大的辐射干扰。Through the inductor 100 provided in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the inductor 100 will not be reversed when the inductor 100 is installed, and thus no large radiation interference will be generated.
具体地，在本实施例中，第一引脚120即连接于电感100的始端，第二电感100连接于电感100的末端，即在安装电路中，应当保证第一引脚120连接于电路的A点，第二引脚130连接于电路的B点。Specifically, in this embodiment, the first pin 120 is connected to the beginning of the inductor 100, and the second inductor 100 is connected to the end of the inductor 100. That is, in the installation circuit, it should be ensured that the first pin 120 is connected to the circuit. At point A, the second pin 130 is connected to point B of the circuit.
通过设置第三引脚140，能够实现使第一引脚120、第二引脚130以及第三引脚140围成一第一三角形的效果，并且该第一三角形为非等边三角形，使得能够在安装板上设置安装孔，且安装孔形成的形状与该第一三角形的形状一致，进而用户在安装过程中，能够将电感100沿固定的角度插入该安装孔内，并且第一引脚120插入的目标安装孔定位于电路的A点，使得在将电感100插入安装孔后，第一引脚120一定连接于电路的A点位置，从而保证了电感100不会反接，对通信模组的影响较小。By providing the third pin 140, the effect of making the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 form a first triangle can be achieved, and the first triangle is a non-equlateral triangle, so that A mounting hole is provided on the mounting board, and the shape of the mounting hole is consistent with the shape of the first triangle, and the user can insert the inductor 100 into the mounting hole at a fixed angle during the installation process, and the first pin 120 The inserted target mounting hole is positioned at point A of the circuit, so that after inserting the inductor 100 into the mounting hole, the first pin 120 must be connected to the position of point A of the circuit, thereby ensuring that the inductor 100 will not be The impact is small.
同时，由于用户只能采用在第一引脚120对准安装孔的角度下才能插入电感100，因此即使安装人员没有留意电感100的始端与末端，也能够确保将电感100的始端连接 至A点位置。At the same time, because the user can only insert the inductor 100 when the first pin 120 is aligned with the mounting hole, even if the installer does not pay attention to the start and end of the inductor 100, he can ensure that the start of the inductor 100 is connected to point A. position.
进一步地，为了起到保护电感100的作用，在本实施例中，电感100还包括外壳，外壳包裹于电感本体110外，且第一引脚120、第二引脚130以及第三引脚140穿过外壳并露出。同时，为了安装方便，第一引脚120、第二引脚130以及第三引脚140均从外壳的同一侧穿出。Further, in order to protect the inductor 100, in this embodiment, the inductor 100 further includes a shell, the shell is wrapped around the inductor body 110, and the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 Pass through the shell and expose. At the same time, for ease of installation, the first pin 120, the second pin 130, and the third pin 140 all pass through the same side of the housing.
需要说明的，为了防止与电感100与其它器件之间想成电接触，本实施例提供的外壳采用绝缘外壳，同时，由于电感100在运行过程中容易产生热量，因此本申请提供的外壳采用塑料外壳，优选的，外壳采用热缩套管。It should be noted that, in order to prevent electrical contact between the inductor 100 and other devices, the housing provided in this embodiment adopts an insulating housing. At the same time, since the inductor 100 is prone to generate heat during operation, the housing provided in this application is made of plastic The shell, preferably, the shell adopts a heat shrinkable tube.
并且，由于本实施例提供的第三引脚140仅用于对电感100安装位置的定位，因此本实施例对于第三引脚140的固定并不做任何限定。Moreover, since the third pin 140 provided in this embodiment is only used for positioning the mounting position of the inductor 100, this embodiment does not make any limitation on the fixing of the third pin 140.
作为本实施例的一种实现方式，第三引脚140没有任何电气连接，例如，第三引脚140与外壳连接，进而实现固定，或者第三引脚140悬空设置。As an implementation of this embodiment, the third pin 140 does not have any electrical connection. For example, the third pin 140 is connected to the housing for fixing, or the third pin 140 is suspended.
作为本实施例的另一种实现方式，第三引脚140与电感本体110连接，其中，第三引脚140可以与电感本体110中的任意一层绕组连接，本实施例对此不做限定。并且，由于第三引脚140在插入安装孔后，不与任何器件或线路连接，因此不会影响电感100的正常使用。As another implementation of this embodiment, the third pin 140 is connected to the inductor body 110, where the third pin 140 can be connected to any layer of winding in the inductor body 110, which is not limited in this embodiment. . Moreover, since the third pin 140 is not connected to any device or circuit after being inserted into the mounting hole, the normal use of the inductor 100 will not be affected.
再参见图44，应用有上述电感的电源转换电路，该电源转换电路包括开关器件与上述电感100，第一引脚120与开关器件电连接。Referring again to FIG. 44, a power conversion circuit using the above-mentioned inductor includes a switching device and the above-mentioned inductor 100, and the first pin 120 is electrically connected to the switching device.
本实施例中，电源转换电路以Buck电路为例进行，当然地，电源转换电路也可以为Boost电路或Buck-Boost电路。下面以Boost电路为例进行说明。In this embodiment, the power conversion circuit takes a Buck circuit as an example. Of course, the power conversion circuit can also be a Boost circuit or a Buck-Boost circuit. Take the Boost circuit as an example below.
具体地，电源转换电路还包括电源、二极管以及电容，电源的正极与开关器件的一端电连接，开关器件的另一端分别与二极管的阴极、电感100的一端电连接，电感100的另一端与电容的一端电连接，且电感100的另一端还用于与一负载电连接，二极管的阳极、电容的另一端均与电源的负极电连接并接地。Specifically, the power conversion circuit further includes a power source, a diode, and a capacitor. The anode of the power source is electrically connected to one end of the switching device, the other end of the switching device is electrically connected to the cathode of the diode and one end of the inductor 100, and the other end of the inductor 100 is electrically connected to the capacitor. One end of the inductor 100 is electrically connected, and the other end of the inductor 100 is also used to electrically connect to a load. The anode of the diode and the other end of the capacitor are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply and grounded.
其中，本实施例所述的开关器件可以为三极管、MOS管等开关器件。Among them, the switching device described in this embodiment may be a switching device such as a triode or a MOS tube.
通过本实施例提供的Boost电路，能够实现在开关器件闭合和，通过电源为负载供电，同时电感100存储一部分电能，当开关器件断开时，通过电感100为负载进行供电。同时，保证了电感100的第一引脚120连接于电路中的A点，进而不会向外辐射过大的能量，进而提升了电能表中移动通电模组中的射频收发性能。Through the Boost circuit provided by this embodiment, it is possible to realize that when the switching device is closed and the load is supplied by the power supply, while the inductor 100 stores a part of electric energy, when the switching device is off, the load is supplied by the inductor 100. At the same time, it is ensured that the first pin 120 of the inductor 100 is connected to point A in the circuit, so that excessive energy will not be radiated to the outside, thereby improving the radio frequency transceiver performance of the mobile power module in the electric energy meter.
本实施例还提供一种电源转换电路组件，该电源转换电路组件包括安装板与第二实施例所述的电源转换电路，安装板上至少设置有第一安装孔、第二安装孔以及第三安装孔，其中，第一安装孔与开关器件对应，第一安装孔、第二安装孔以及第三安装孔围成一第二三角形，且第一三角形的形状与第二三角形的形状相同，以使第一引脚120插入第一安装孔，第二引脚130插入第二安装孔，第三引脚140插入第三安装孔。并且，在 将电感100插入安装孔后，即可使第一引脚120连接于电路中的A点。This embodiment also provides a power conversion circuit assembly. The power conversion circuit assembly includes a mounting board and the power conversion circuit described in the second embodiment. The mounting board is provided with at least a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a third mounting hole. The mounting hole, wherein the first mounting hole corresponds to the switch device, the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole and the third mounting hole enclose a second triangle, and the shape of the first triangle is the same as the shape of the second triangle, The first pin 120 is inserted into the first mounting hole, the second pin 130 is inserted into the second mounting hole, and the third pin 140 is inserted into the third mounting hole. Moreover, after the inductor 100 is inserted into the mounting hole, the first pin 120 can be connected to point A in the circuit.
本实施例还提供一种电能表，该电能表包括第一实施例所述的电感100。可以理解地，电能表中还包括移动通信模块，并且在进行电路设计的过程中，电感100的位置靠近移动通信模块的位置。通过将电感100的第一引脚120连接于电源转换电路中的A点，能够有效降低电感100运行过程中产生的大量辐射，进而使移动通信模块受到的电磁干扰较小，有效提升了其射频收发的性能。This embodiment also provides an electric energy meter, which includes the inductor 100 described in the first embodiment. It can be understood that the electric energy meter also includes a mobile communication module, and in the process of circuit design, the position of the inductor 100 is close to the position of the mobile communication module. By connecting the first pin 120 of the inductor 100 to point A in the power conversion circuit, the large amount of radiation generated during the operation of the inductor 100 can be effectively reduced, so that the mobile communication module suffers less electromagnetic interference and effectively improves its radio frequency. Transceiving performance.
实施例七Example Seven
本实施例提供了一种电能表100，如图47所示，为本实施例提供的电能表100的一种可实施的结构示意图。电能表100包括第一开关K1、第二开关K2和检测电路110，第一开关K1和第二开关K2均与检测电路110电连接。检测电路110能够准确判断第一开关K1和第二开关K2的通断状态。This embodiment provides an electric energy meter 100, as shown in FIG. 47, which is a schematic diagram of an implementable structure of the electric energy meter 100 provided in this embodiment. The electric energy meter 100 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a detection circuit 110, and both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are electrically connected to the detection circuit 110. The detection circuit 110 can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2.
在本实施例中，第一开关K1和第二开关K2可以采用，但不限于继电器。In this embodiment, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be used, but are not limited to relays.
请参照图48所示，为本实施例提供的检测电路110的一种可实施的电路原理图，该检测电路110包括第一检测单元111、第二检测单元112和处理器113，第一检测单元111包括第一开关器件E1和第一二极管D1，第二检测单元112包括第二开关器件E2和第二二极管D2，第一开关器件E1的第一输入端与电能表100的第一开关K1的第一端电连接，第一开关器件E1的第二输入端通过第一二极管D1与电能表100的第二开关K2的第二端电连接，第二开关器件E2的第一输入端与第二开关K2的第一端电连接，第二开关器件E2的第二输入端通过第二二极管D2与第一开关K1的第二端电连接，第一开关器件E1的输出端和第二开关器件E2的输出端均与处理器113电连接。Please refer to FIG. 48, which is a schematic diagram of an implementable circuit of the detection circuit 110 provided in this embodiment. The detection circuit 110 includes a first detection unit 111, a second detection unit 112, and a processor 113. The unit 111 includes a first switching device E1 and a first diode D1. The second detection unit 112 includes a second switching device E2 and a second diode D2. The first input terminal of the first switching device E1 is connected to the power meter 100. The first terminal of the first switch K1 is electrically connected, the second input terminal of the first switch device E1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch K2 of the electric energy meter 100 through the first diode D1, and the second terminal of the second switch device E2 The first input terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch K2, the second input terminal of the second switch device E2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch K1 through the second diode D2, and the first switch device E1 Both the output terminal of and the output terminal of the second switching device E2 are electrically connected to the processor 113.
在本实施例中，第一开关器件E1用于在第二开关K2的作用下产生第一检测信号，并发送至处理器113；第二开关器件E2用于在第一开关K1的作用下产生第二检测信号，并发送至处理器113；处理器113用于根据第一检测信号和第二检测信号确定第一开关K1和第二开关K2的通断状态。In this embodiment, the first switching device E1 is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the second switch K2, and sent to the processor 113; the second switching device E2 is used to generate a first detection signal under the action of the first switch K1 The second detection signal is sent to the processor 113; the processor 113 is configured to determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
可以理解，负载R的一端电连接于第一开关K1的第二端与第二二极管D2之间，负载R的另一端电连接于第二开关K2的第二端与第一二极管D1之间。第一开关K1的第一端与电网的火线电连接，第二开关K2的第一端与电网的零线电连接。第一二极管D1的阳极与第一开关器件E1的第二输入端电连接，第一二极管D1的阴极与第二开关K2的第二端电连接。第二二极管D2的阳极与第二开关器件E2的第二输入端电连接，第二二极管D2的阴极与第一开关K1的第二端电连接。It can be understood that one end of the load R is electrically connected between the second end of the first switch K1 and the second diode D2, and the other end of the load R is electrically connected between the second end of the second switch K2 and the first diode D2. Between D1. The first end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the live line of the power grid, and the first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the neutral line of the power grid. The anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second input end of the first switch device E1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch K2. The anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second input end of the second switch device E2, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch K1.
在本实施例中，第一开关K1和第二开关K2用于控制电网的220V市电是否向负载R提供，当第一开关K1和第二开关K2处于关断状态时，电网的220V市电无法向负载R提供；当第一开关K1和第二开关K2处于导通状态时，电网的220V市电向负载R提 供。同时，当第一开关K1处于导通状态时，第二开关器件E2周期性导通和关断，进而产生的第二检测信号为周期性跳变的高低电平；当第一开关K1处于断开状态时，第二开关器件E2一直处于关断状态，进而产生的第二检测信号为持续的高电平。当第二开关K2处于导通状态时，第一开关器件E1周期性导通和关断，进而产生的第一检测信号为周期性跳变的高低电平；当第二开关K2处于断开状态时，第一开关器件E1一直处于关断状态，进而产生的第一检测信号为持续的高电平。In this embodiment, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are used to control whether the 220V city power of the power grid is provided to the load R. When the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the off state, the 220V city power of the power grid It cannot be provided to the load R; when the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the conducting state, the 220V city power of the grid is provided to the load R. At the same time, when the first switch K1 is in the on state, the second switch device E2 is periodically turned on and off, and the second detection signal generated is a periodic high and low level; when the first switch K1 is off In the on state, the second switching device E2 is always in the off state, and the second detection signal generated is a continuous high level. When the second switch K2 is in the on state, the first switch device E1 is periodically turned on and off, and the first detection signal generated is a periodic high and low level; when the second switch K2 is in the off state At this time, the first switching device E1 is always in the off state, and the generated first detection signal is a continuous high level.
可见，由于第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2具有单相导电作用，能够在第一开关K1和第二开关K2处于断开状态时，阻止第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第一开关器件E1和第二开关器件E2与负载R之间形成通路，进而使得处理器113根据第一检测信号和第二检测信号准确判断出第一开关K1和第二开关K2的通断状态。It can be seen that since the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 have a single-phase conduction function, they can prevent the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the second switch K2 when the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are in the off state. A path is formed between the first switching device E1 and the second switching device E2 and the load R, so that the processor 113 can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal .
在本实施例中，第一开关器件E1和第二开关器件E2均可以采用，但不限于光耦。处理器113可以采用MCU(Microcontroller Unit，微控制单元)，且该处理器113可以为电能表100本身的处理器113，也可以为为了检测第一开关K1和第二开关K2的通断状态而增加的处理器113。In this embodiment, both the first switching device E1 and the second switching device E2 can be used, but are not limited to optocouplers. The processor 113 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit), and the processor 113 may be the processor 113 of the electric energy meter 100 itself, or it may be used to detect the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2. Increased processor 113.
请参照图49，为本实施例提供的检测电路110的另一种可实施的电路原理图，图49所示的检测电路110在图48所示的检测电路110的基础上，第一检测单元111还包括第一电阻R1，第一开关器件E1的第一输入端通过第一电阻R1与第一开关K1的第一端电连接。Please refer to FIG. 49, which is another circuit schematic diagram of the detection circuit 110 provided in this embodiment. The detection circuit 110 shown in FIG. 49 is based on the detection circuit 110 shown in FIG. 48, and the first detection unit 111 further includes a first resistor R1, and the first input terminal of the first switch device E1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1 through the first resistor R1.
在本实施例中，第一电阻R1用于起到分压和限流的作用，能够对输入的市电进行分压和限流，进而能够防止第一开关器件E1被击穿。其中，第一电阻R1可以为多个串联的电阻。In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 is used to perform voltage dividing and current limiting, which can divide the input mains voltage and limit the current, thereby preventing the first switching device E1 from being broken down. Wherein, the first resistor R1 may be multiple resistors connected in series.
进一步地，如图49所示，第一检测单元111还包括第三二极管D3，第三二极管D3的阳极与第一开关器件E1的第二输入端电连接，第三二极管D3的阴极与第一开关器件E1的第一输入端电连接。Further, as shown in FIG. 49, the first detection unit 111 further includes a third diode D3, the anode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the first switching device E1, and the third diode The cathode of D3 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the first switching device E1.
在本实施例中，第三二极管D3用于防止市电在负半周期时击穿第一开关器件E1。In this embodiment, the third diode D3 is used to prevent the mains power from breaking down the first switching device E1 during the negative half cycle.
进一步地，如图49所示，第一检测单元111还包括第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3，第一开关器件E1的输出端通过第二电阻R2与处理器113电连接，第三电阻R3的一端与电源VDD电连接，第三电阻R3的另一端电连接于第二电阻R2与处理器113之间。Further, as shown in FIG. 49, the first detection unit 111 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. The output terminal of the first switching device E1 is electrically connected to the processor 113 through the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 One end of is electrically connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected between the second resistor R2 and the processor 113.
在本实施例中，第三电阻R3为上拉电阻，第三电阻R3的作用是将一个不确定信号钳位到高电平以及限流。第二电阻R2为限流电阻，第二电阻R2的作用是吸收第一检测信号中的毛刺。In this embodiment, the third resistor R3 is a pull-up resistor, and the function of the third resistor R3 is to clamp an uncertain signal to a high level and limit current. The second resistor R2 is a current limiting resistor, and the function of the second resistor R2 is to absorb burrs in the first detection signal.
进一步地，如图49所示，第二检测单元112还包括第四电阻R4，第二开关器件E2的第一输入端通过第四电阻R4与第二开关K2的第一端电连接。Further, as shown in FIG. 49, the second detection unit 112 further includes a fourth resistor R4, and the first input end of the second switch device E2 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch K2 through the fourth resistor R4.
在本实施例中，第四电阻R4用于起到分压和限流的作用，能够对输入的市电进行 分压和限流，进而能够保护第二开关器件E2。其中，第四电阻R4可以为多个串联的电阻。In this embodiment, the fourth resistor R4 is used to perform voltage dividing and current limiting, which can divide the input mains voltage and limit the current, thereby protecting the second switching device E2. Wherein, the fourth resistor R4 may be multiple resistors connected in series.
进一步地，如图49所示，第二检测单元112还包括第四二极管D4，所述第四二极管D4的阳极与第二开关器件E2的第二输入端电连接，第四二极管D4的阴极与第二开关器件E2的第一输入端电连接。Further, as shown in FIG. 49, the second detection unit 112 further includes a fourth diode D4, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the second switching device E2, and the fourth diode D4 The cathode of the pole tube D4 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the second switching device E2.
在本实施例中，第四二极管D4用于防止市电在负半周期时击穿第二开关器件E2。In this embodiment, the fourth diode D4 is used to prevent the mains power from breaking down the second switching device E2 during the negative half cycle.
进一步地，如图49所示，第二检测单元112还包括第五电阻R5和第六电阻R6，第二开关器件E2的输出端通过第五电阻R5与处理器113电连接，第六电阻R6的一端与电源VDD电连接，第六电阻R6的另一端电连接于第五电阻R5与处理器113之间。Further, as shown in FIG. 49, the second detection unit 112 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6. The output terminal of the second switching device E2 is electrically connected to the processor 113 through the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 One end of is electrically connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected between the fifth resistor R5 and the processor 113.
在本实施例中，第六电阻R6为上拉电阻，第六电阻R6的作用是将一个不确定信号钳位到高电平和限流。第五电阻R5为限流电阻，第五电阻R5的作用是吸收第二检测信号中的毛刺。In this embodiment, the sixth resistor R6 is a pull-up resistor, and the function of the sixth resistor R6 is to clamp an uncertain signal to a high level and limit current. The fifth resistor R5 is a current limiting resistor, and the function of the fifth resistor R5 is to absorb glitches in the second detection signal.
综上所述，本实施例提供了一种检测电路和电能表，该检测电路包括第一检测单元、第二检测单元和处理器，第一检测单元包括第一开关器件和第一二极管，第二检测单元包括第二开关器件和第二二极管，第一开关器件的第一输入端与电能表的第一开关的第一端电连接，第一开关器件的第二输入端通过第一二极管与电能表的第二开关的第二端电连接，第二开关器件的第一输入端与第二开关的第一端电连接，第二开关器件的第二输入端通过第二二极管与第一开关的第二端电连接，第一开关器件的输出端和第二开关器件的输出端均与处理器电连接；第一开关器件用于在第二开关的作用下产生第一检测信号，并发送至处理器；第二开关器件用于在第一开关的作用下产生第二检测信号，并发送至处理器；处理器用于根据第一检测信号和第二检测信号确定第一开关和第二开关的通断状态。可见，通过第一二极管和第二二极管，能够在第一开关和第二开关处于断开状态时，可阻止第一开关、第二开关、第一开关器件和第二开关器件与用户负载之间形成通路，进而使得处理器根据第一检测信号和第二检测信号准确判断出第一开关和第二开关的通断状态。In summary, this embodiment provides a detection circuit and an electric energy meter. The detection circuit includes a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a processor. The first detection unit includes a first switching device and a first diode. , The second detection unit includes a second switching device and a second diode, the first input terminal of the first switching device is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch of the electric energy meter, and the second input terminal of the first switching device passes The first diode is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch of the electric energy meter, the first input end of the second switch device is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch, and the second input end of the second switch device passes through the The two diodes are electrically connected to the second end of the first switch, and the output end of the first switch device and the output end of the second switch device are both electrically connected to the processor; the first switch device is used for under the action of the second switch Generate a first detection signal and send it to the processor; the second switch device is used to generate a second detection signal under the action of the first switch and send it to the processor; the processor is used to generate a second detection signal based on the first detection signal and the second detection signal Determine the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch. It can be seen that the first diode and the second diode can prevent the first switch, the second switch, the first switching device, and the second switching device from interacting with each other when the first switch and the second switch are in the off state. A path is formed between the user loads, so that the processor can accurately determine the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal.
上述供电电路、电源转换电路和检测电路都可位于电路板3上。The above-mentioned power supply circuit, power conversion circuit and detection circuit can all be located on the circuit board 3.

Claims (19)

  1. 一种防窃电电能表，包括自前向后依次布置的表盖(1)和底座(2)，所述表盖(1)盖设在所述底座(2)上，且所述表盖(1)和底座(2)所围合的空间内设置有电路板(3)，其特征在于：所述表盖(1)内至少局部包围有用来将进入表内的外部电导至表外的导电件，所述导电件与所述电路板(3)上的金属触点相电连接。An anti-theft electric energy meter, comprising a meter cover (1) and a base (2) arranged in order from front to back, the meter cover (1) is arranged on the base (2), and the meter cover ( 1) A circuit board (3) is arranged in the space enclosed by the base (2), and is characterized in that: the watch cover (1) is at least partially surrounded by a conductive device used to conduct the external electricity entering the watch to the outside of the watch The conductive member is electrically connected with the metal contact on the circuit board (3).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述导电件为局部罩设在所述电路板(3)上的导电保护罩(7)，所述电路板(3)局部位于所述导电保护罩(7)和底座(2)之间。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conductive member is a conductive protective cover (7) partially covered on the circuit board (3), and the circuit board (3) is partially Located between the conductive protective cover (7) and the base (2).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述导电保护罩(7)具有向下延伸的延伸板(733)，所述延伸板(733)上具有连接有弹片(734)，所述弹片(734)上具有向电路板(3)方向延伸的折弯部(7341)，所述折弯部(7341)为与所述电路板(3)上的金属触点相电连接的弹性触点，在所述导电保护罩(7)处于安装完毕状态下，所述弹性触点与所述电路板(3)上的金属触点相抵。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the conductive protective cover (7) has an extension plate (733) extending downward, and the extension plate (733) has an elastic sheet (734) connected to it. ), the elastic piece (734) has a bent portion (7341) extending in the direction of the circuit board (3), and the bent portion (7341) is electrically connected to the metal contacts on the circuit board (3) The connected elastic contact, when the conductive protective cover (7) is in the installed state, the elastic contact abuts against the metal contact on the circuit board (3).
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述表盖(1)的前壁板上设有按钮(6)，所述按钮(6)具有向底座(2)方向延伸的按键柱(61)，所述导电防护罩(7)在按键柱(61)的外周形成连接环(75)。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front wall of the meter cover (1) is provided with a button (6), and the button (6) has a direction extending toward the base (2) The button column (61) of the button, the conductive protective cover (7) forms a connecting ring (75) on the outer periphery of the button column (61).
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述导电件为导电护壁(5)，所述导电护壁(5)呈环状，所述电路板(3)的外周至少局部被所述导电护壁(5)所包围，所述导电护壁(5)与所述电路板(3)上的导电部相电连接。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conductive member is a conductive protective wall (5), the conductive protective wall (5) is ring-shaped, and the outer circumference of the circuit board (3) is at least partially Surrounded by the conductive protective wall (5), the conductive protective wall (5) is electrically connected with the conductive part on the circuit board (3).
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述表盖(1)和底座(2)自前向后依次布置，所述导电护壁(5)安装在所述表盖(1)内，两个所述第一护板(51)的下端之间连接有用来与所述容置腔(11)背面的至少局部相接触的第二护板(52)，所述第二护板(52)卡接固定在所述容置腔(11)的背面上，所述第二护板(52)上连接有弹片(522)，所述弹片(522)上具有向电路板(3)方向延伸的折弯部(5221)，所述折弯部(5221)为与所述电路板(3)上的导电部相电连接的弹性触点，在所述导电护壁(5)处于安装完毕状态下，所述弹性触点与所述电路板(3)上的导电部相抵。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 5, characterized in that: the meter cover (1) and the base (2) are arranged in sequence from front to back, and the conductive protective wall (5) is installed on the meter cover (1). ), the lower ends of the two first shields (51) are connected with a second shield (52) for contacting at least part of the back of the accommodating cavity (11). The board (52) is clamped and fixed on the back of the accommodating cavity (11), the second shield (52) is connected with an elastic sheet (522), and the elastic sheet (522) has a circuit board (3). ) Direction extending bent portion (5221), the bent portion (5221) is an elastic contact electrically connected with the conductive portion on the circuit board (3), and is mounted on the conductive protective wall (5) In the finished state, the elastic contact abuts against the conductive part on the circuit board (3).
  7. [根据细则91更正 22.06.2020]　
    根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：部分表盖(1)向底座(2)的方向凹陷而形成容置腔(11)，所述容置腔(11)内设置有用于通讯的模块(81)，所述容置腔(11)的开口处盖设有盖板(16)，所述表盖(1)在容置腔(11)的外周形成有从远离底座(2)的一侧向底座(2)的方向凹陷的第一沟槽(113)，所述盖板(16)的周壁形成有由朝向底座(2)的一侧向远离底座(2)的方向凹陷的第二沟槽(161)，第一沟槽(113)和第二沟槽(161)交错咬合。     [Corrected according to Rule 91 22.06.2020]
    The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: part of the meter cover (1) is recessed in the direction of the base (2) to form a containing cavity (11), and the containing cavity (11) is arranged There is a communication module (81), the opening of the containing cavity (11) is covered with a cover plate (16), and the watch cover (1) is formed on the outer periphery of the containing cavity (11) away from the base (2) One side of the first groove (113) recessed in the direction of the base (2), the peripheral wall of the cover (16) is formed with a side facing the base (2) away from the base (2) The second groove (161) recessed in the direction, the first groove (113) and the second groove (161) are interlocked.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述容置腔(11)内还设置有天线(82)，所述天线(82)与模块(81)焊接。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 7, characterized in that an antenna (82) is further provided in the containing cavity (11), and the antenna (82) is welded to the module (81).
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述表盖(1)上、与容置腔(11)相邻处开设有第一导电孔(171)，所述第一导电孔(171)的位置与导电防护罩(5)对应而能将强电导到导电防护罩(5)上。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 7, characterized in that: a first conductive hole (171) is opened on the meter cover (1) adjacent to the containing cavity (11), and the first The position of the conductive hole (171) corresponds to the conductive protective cover (5) and can conduct strong electricity to the conductive protective cover (5).
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述表盖(1)上、与容置腔(11)相邻处开设有第二导电孔(172)，所述表盖(1)和盖板(16)通过螺母连接固定，所述第二导电孔(172)开设在用于设置螺母的螺孔(173)处。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 7, characterized in that: a second conductive hole (172) is opened on the meter cover (1) adjacent to the containing cavity (11), and the meter cover (1) The cover plate (16) is connected and fixed by a nut, and the second conductive hole (172) is opened at the screw hole (173) for setting the nut.
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：部分表盖(1)向底座(2)的方向凹陷而形成容置腔(11)，所述容置腔(11)内设置有用于通讯的模块(81)，所述容置腔(11)的开口处盖设有盖板(16)，所述模块(81)包括PCB板(811)，所述盖板(16)朝向容置腔(11)内的一侧延伸形成有卡扣(162)，所述卡扣(162)将PCB板(811)卡接固定，所述PCB板(811)上设有SIM槽(812)。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: part of the meter cover (1) is recessed in the direction of the base (2) to form a containing cavity (11), and the containing cavity (11) is arranged There is a module (81) for communication, the opening of the accommodating cavity (11) is covered with a cover plate (16), the module (81) includes a PCB board (811), and the cover plate (16) faces A buckle (162) is formed on one side of the accommodating cavity (11). The buckle (162) clamps and fixes the PCB board (811). The PCB board (811) is provided with a SIM slot (812). ).
  12. 根据权利要求1～11中任一项所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述底座(2)上、朝向空间(4)内的一侧设置有能拆卸的防强磁的铁板(25)，所述表盖(1)和底座(2)构成的空间(4)内还设置有磁保持继电器(K1)，所述磁保持继电器(K1)的周围设置有屏蔽罩(27)。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: a removable anti-magnetic iron is provided on the side of the base (2) facing the space (4). A magnetic latching relay (K1) is provided in the space (4) formed by the cover (1) and the base (2), and a shielding cover (27) is provided around the magnetic latching relay (K1). ).
  13. 根据权利要求1～11中任一项所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述底座(2)朝向空间(4)外的一侧设置有筋条(26)。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: a rib (26) is provided on the side of the base (2) facing the outside of the space (4).
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述电路板(3)上设置有电源管理系统，所述电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块(N1)、第一降压电路(N2)、第二降压电路(N3)、第三降压电路(N4)、第一超级电容(C5)和升压电路(N5)，所述AC-DC模块(N1)的输入端连接市电、输出端作为磁保持继电器的驱动电源；同时所述AC-DC模块(N1)的输出还分别连接到第一降压电路(N2)和第二降压电路(N3)，所述第一降压电路(N2)的输出用于给第一超级电容(C5)充电；所述第二降压电路(N3)的输出作为模块(81)的电源；所述第二降压电路(N3)的输出还连接到第三降压电路(N4)，所述第三降压电路(N4)输出作为MCU及系统电源；所述AC-DC模块(N1)是基于电源管理芯片(U1)构建的高压BUCK电源。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circuit board (3) is provided with a power management system, and the power management system includes an AC-DC module (N1) and a first step-down circuit (N2), the second step-down circuit (N3), the third step-down circuit (N4), the first super capacitor (C5) and the step-up circuit (N5), the input end of the AC-DC module (N1) is connected The mains and the output end are used as the driving power supply of the magnetic latching relay; at the same time, the output of the AC-DC module (N1) is also connected to the first step-down circuit (N2) and the second step-down circuit (N3) respectively. The output of a step-down circuit (N2) is used to charge the first super capacitor (C5); the output of the second step-down circuit (N3) is used as the power supply of the module (81); the second step-down circuit (N3) The output of) is also connected to the third step-down circuit (N4), the output of the third step-down circuit (N4) is used as MCU and system power; the AC-DC module (N1) is constructed based on the power management chip (U1) The high-voltage BUCK power supply.
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述AC-DC模块(N1)包括：The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 14, characterized in that: the AC-DC module (N1) comprises:
    EMC防护部分(N11)，由防护器件构成，用于防护雷击浪涌；The EMC protection part (N11) is composed of protection devices to protect against lightning surges;
    整流滤波电路(N12)，用于将交流电转化为直流电；Rectifier filter circuit (N12), used to convert alternating current into direct current;
    控制部分(N13)，能够在检测到外界环境强磁干扰时，开启倍频功能；The control part (N13) can turn on the frequency multiplication function when the strong magnetic interference of the external environment is detected;
    整流输出部分(N14)，用于将脉冲电压转化为稳定的直流电压；Rectified output part (N14), used to convert the pulse voltage into a stable DC voltage;
    反馈部分(N15)，用于将采集整流输出部分(N14)的输出电压和目标电压进行比较， 供控制部分(N13)控制电路的占空比；The feedback part (N15) is used to compare the output voltage of the collected and rectified output part (N14) with the target voltage for the control part (N13) to control the duty cycle of the circuit;
    高压启动部分(N16)，用于在启动时，为电源管理芯片(U1)供电。The high-voltage startup part (N16) is used to supply power to the power management chip (U1) during startup.
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述电路板(3)上设置有电源管理系统，所述电源管理系统包括AC-DC模块(N1)，所述AC-DC模块(N1)的输入端连接市电，用于将交流电转换成直流电，所述电源管理系统包括还包括与AC-DC模块(N1)输出端相连接的双路DC-DC模块(N2)，所述双路DC-DC模块(N2)的第一输出端(Vout1)分成两路，其中一路连接电能表的MCU及系统主电源，另一路通过控制电路(2)连接电能表的通讯模块电源，所述双路DC-DC模块(N2)的第二输出端(Vout2)分别连接有第一超级电容(C5)和第二超级电容(C6)，所述第二超级电容(C6)与MCU及系统主电源相连接，用于停电时为MCU及系统主电源供电，所述第一超级电容(C5)通过升压电路(N5)与双路DC-DC模块(N2)的输入端相连接，且所述升压电路(N5)和控制电路(N6)分别设有第一控制端(EN1)和第二控制端(EN2)，所述第一控制端(EN1)和第二控制端(EN2)均连接在MCU的端口上，用于通过MCU控制第一超级电容(C5)给通讯模块供电。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circuit board (3) is provided with a power management system, and the power management system includes an AC-DC module (N1), and the AC-DC The input end of the module (N1) is connected to mains power for converting alternating current into direct current. The power management system further includes a dual DC-DC module (N2) connected to the output end of the AC-DC module (N1), The first output terminal (Vout1) of the dual-channel DC-DC module (N2) is divided into two channels, one of which is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter and the main power supply of the system, and the other is connected to the communication module power supply of the electric energy meter through the control circuit (2) , The second output terminal (Vout2) of the dual-channel DC-DC module (N2) is respectively connected with a first super capacitor (C5) and a second super capacitor (C6), the second super capacitor (C6) and the MCU It is connected to the main power supply of the system for supplying power to the MCU and the main power supply of the system during a power failure. The first super capacitor (C5) is connected to the input end of the dual DC-DC module (N2) through the boost circuit (N5) , And the boost circuit (N5) and the control circuit (N6) are respectively provided with a first control terminal (EN1) and a second control terminal (EN2), the first control terminal (EN1) and the second control terminal ( EN2) are all connected to the ports of the MCU and used to control the first super capacitor (C5) to supply power to the communication module through the MCU.
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述电能表包括通信模块(300)、电源(100)和供电电路，所述电源(100)与所述通信模块(300)电连接，所述供电电路包括储能模块(210)、升压控制电路(220)及升压电路(230)；所述电源(100)、储能模块(210)、升压控制电路(220)、升压电路(230)及所述通信模块(300)依次电连接，所述储能模块(210)与所述升压电路(230)电连接；所述电源(100)用于当所述电能表未掉电时，为所述通信模块(300)供电，且为所述储能模块(210)充电；所述储能模块(210)用于当所述电能表掉电时，依次通过所述升压控制电路(220)、升压电路(230)为所述通信模块(300)供电。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric energy meter comprises a communication module (300), a power supply (100) and a power supply circuit, and the power supply (100) and the communication module (300) Electrically connected, the power supply circuit includes an energy storage module (210), a boost control circuit (220) and a boost circuit (230); the power supply (100), an energy storage module (210), and a boost control circuit (220) ), the boost circuit (230) and the communication module (300) are electrically connected in turn, the energy storage module (210) is electrically connected with the boost circuit (230); the power supply (100) is used for When the electric energy meter is not powered down, it supplies power to the communication module (300) and charges the energy storage module (210); the energy storage module (210) is used to sequentially power down the electric energy meter Power is supplied to the communication module (300) through the boost control circuit (220) and the boost circuit (230).
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述电能表包括电源转换电路，所述电源转换电路开关器件和电感(100)，所述电感(100)包括电感本体(110)、第一引脚(120)、第二引脚(130)以及第三引脚(140)，所述电感本体(110)包括至少两层绕组，所述第一引脚(120)与所述电感本体(100)的最内层绕组连接，所述第二引脚(130)与所述电感本体(100)的最外层绕组连接，且所述第一引脚(120)、所述第二引脚(130)以及所述第三引脚(130)围成一第一三角形，所述第一引脚(120)与第二引脚(130)之间的距离、第二引脚(130)与第三引脚(140)之间的距离以及第一引脚(120)与第三引脚(140)之间的距离中至少两个不相等。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, wherein the electric energy meter comprises a power conversion circuit, the power conversion circuit switching device and an inductor (100), and the inductor (100) includes an inductor body (110). ), a first pin (120), a second pin (130), and a third pin (140), the inductor body (110) includes at least two layers of windings, the first pin (120) and the The innermost winding of the inductor body (100) is connected, the second pin (130) is connected to the outermost winding of the inductor body (100), and the first pin (120), the The second pin (130) and the third pin (130) form a first triangle, the distance between the first pin (120) and the second pin (130), the second pin At least two of the distance between the (130) and the third pin (140) and the distance between the first pin (120) and the third pin (140) are not equal.
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的防窃电电能表，其特征在于：所述电能表包括检测电路，所述检测电路包括第一检测单元(111)、第二检测单元(112)和处理器(113)，所述第一检测单元(111)包括第一开关器件(E1)和第一二极管(D1)，所述第二检测单元(112)包括第二开关器件(E1)和第二二极管(D2)，所述第一开关器件(E1)的第一输入端与电能表的第一 开关(K1)的第一端电连接，所述第一开关器件(E1)的第二输入端通过所述第一二极管(D1)与所述电能表的第二开关(K2)的第二端电连接，所述第二开关器件(E2)的第一输入端与所述第二开关(K2)的第一端电连接，所述第二开关器件(E2)的第二输入端通过所述第二二极管(D2)与所述第一开关(K1)的第二端电连接，所述第一开关器件(E1)的输出端和所述第二开关器件(E2)的输出端均与所述处理器(113)电连接；所述第一开关器件(E1)用于在所述第二开关(K2)的作用下产生第一检测信号，并发送至所述处理器(113)；所述第二开关器件(E2)用于在所述第一开关(K1)的作用下产生第二检测信号，并发送至所述处理器(113)；所述处理器(113)用于根据所述第一检测信号和所述第二检测信号确定所述第一开关(K1)和所述第二开关(K2)的通断状态。The anti-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, wherein the electric energy meter includes a detection circuit, and the detection circuit includes a first detection unit (111), a second detection unit (112), and a processor (113). ), the first detection unit (111) includes a first switching device (E1) and a first diode (D1), and the second detection unit (112) includes a second switching device (E1) and a second switching device (E1). A pole tube (D2), the first input terminal of the first switching device (E1) is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch (K1) of the electric energy meter, and the second input of the first switching device (E1) The terminal is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch (K2) of the electric energy meter through the first diode (D1), and the first input terminal of the second switch device (E2) is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second switch (E2). The first terminal of the switch (K2) is electrically connected, and the second input terminal of the second switching device (E2) is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch (K1) through the second diode (D2). Connected, the output terminal of the first switching device (E1) and the output terminal of the second switching device (E2) are electrically connected to the processor (113); the first switching device (E1) is used for The first detection signal is generated under the action of the second switch (K2) and sent to the processor (113); the second switch device (E2) is used for the first switch (K1) A second detection signal is generated under the action and sent to the processor (113); the processor (113) is used to determine the first switch (K1) according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal ) And the on-off state of the second switch (K2).
PCT/CN2020/095015 2019-06-11 2020-06-09 Anti-stealing electric energy meter WO2020248952A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920873104.1U CN209823505U (en) 2019-06-11 2019-06-11 Power supply circuit and electric energy meter
CN201920873104.1 2019-06-11
CN201920957149.7 2019-06-24
CN201920957149.7U CN210225271U (en) 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Power management system of electric energy meter
CN201921004556.2U CN209822449U (en) 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Inductor, power conversion circuit assembly and electric energy meter
CN201921004556.2 2019-06-28
CN201922208551.8 2019-12-09
CN201922194646.9U CN212433228U (en) 2019-12-09 2019-12-09 Electric energy meter
CN201922194646.9 2019-12-09
CN201922208551.8U CN212433229U (en) 2019-12-09 2019-12-09 Electric meter
CN201922229055.0U CN211348550U (en) 2019-12-12 2019-12-12 Detection circuit and ammeter
CN201922229055.0 2019-12-12
CN201922442531.7 2019-12-26
CN201922442531.7U CN211352071U (en) 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 Power supply circuit and power supply system
CN202021024265.2 2020-06-04
CN202021024265.2U CN213750049U (en) 2020-06-04 2020-06-04 Electric energy meter capable of preventing electricity theft

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