WO2020244252A1 - Organic light-emitting device, display panel and display device - Google Patents

Organic light-emitting device, display panel and display device Download PDF

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WO2020244252A1
WO2020244252A1 PCT/CN2020/075942 CN2020075942W WO2020244252A1 WO 2020244252 A1 WO2020244252 A1 WO 2020244252A1 CN 2020075942 W CN2020075942 W CN 2020075942W WO 2020244252 A1 WO2020244252 A1 WO 2020244252A1
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light
emitting
layer
emitting layer
proportion
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吴海东
李彦松
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H10K50/13OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass

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Abstract

The present disclosure discloses an organic light-emitting device, a display panel and a display device. The organic light-emitting device comprises a cathode layer and an anode layer, which are arranged oppositely, and a light-emitting composite structure located between the cathode layer and the anode layer. The light-emitting composite structure is mixed with a hole-type material, an electronic material and a light-emitting doping material, wherein the proportion of the electronic material in the light-emitting composite structure at the side close to the cathode layer is greater than that of the hole-type material, and the proportion of the hole-type material in the light-emitting composite structure at the side close to the anode layer is greater than that of the electronic material.

Description

有机电致发光器件、显示面板及显示装置Organic electroluminescent device, display panel and display device
相关申请的交叉引用Cross references to related applications
本申请主张在2019年6月5日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201910485873.9的优先权,其全部内容通过引用包含于此。This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 201910485873.9 filed in China on June 5, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及显示技术领域,特别涉及一种有机电致发光器件、显示面板及显示装置。The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to an organic electroluminescent device, a display panel and a display device.
背景技术Background technique
有机电致发光器件(Organic Light Emitting Diode,OLED)由于具有亮度高、色彩饱和、轻薄、可弯曲等优点而受到了平板显示与照明领域的高度重视。然而,相关技术中的有机电致发光器件存在亮度衰减、电流效率低等问题。Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) has received great attention in the field of flat panel display and lighting due to its advantages of high brightness, saturated color, thinness, and flexibility. However, organic electroluminescent devices in the related art have problems such as brightness degradation and low current efficiency.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本公开实施例提供了一种有机电致发光器件,包括:阴极层和阳极层,以及位于所述阴极层和所述阳极层之间的发光复合结构;所述发光复合结构内混合有空穴型材料、电子型材料和发光掺杂材料;其中,所述发光复合结构中靠近所述阴极层一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,所述发光复合结构中靠近所述阳极层一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an organic electroluminescence device, including: a cathode layer and an anode layer, and a light-emitting composite structure located between the cathode layer and the anode layer; holes are mixed in the light-emitting composite structure Type materials, electronic type materials and light-emitting doped materials; wherein the proportion of the electron-type material on the side close to the cathode layer in the light-emitting composite structure is greater than the proportion of the hole-type material, and the light-emitting composite structure is close to The proportion of hole-type materials on one side of the anode layer is greater than that of electron-type materials.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述发光复合结构仅包括一层发光层,沿所述阴极层指向所述阳极层的方向,所述发光层内的电子型材料所占比例逐渐降低,所述发光层内的空穴型材料所占比例逐渐增加。Optionally, in a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting composite structure includes only one light-emitting layer, and the direction along the cathode layer points to the anode layer, so The proportion of electron-type materials in the light-emitting layer gradually decreases, and the proportion of hole-type materials in the light-emitting layer gradually increases.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述发光复合结构包括至少两层发光层,靠近所述阴极层的最外侧发光 层中的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,靠近所述阳极层的最外侧发光层中的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。Optionally, in a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescence device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting composite structure includes at least two light-emitting layers, and the electronic type in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the cathode layer The proportion of the material is greater than the proportion of the hole-type material, and the proportion of the hole-type material in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the anode layer is greater than the proportion of the electron-type material.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述发光复合结构包括第一发光层和第二发光层,所述第一发光层靠近所述阴极层,所述第二发光层靠近所述阳极层。Optionally, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting composite structure includes a first light-emitting layer and a second light-emitting layer, and the first light-emitting layer is close to the cathode. Layer, the second light-emitting layer is close to the anode layer.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述发光复合结构还包括位于所述第一发光层和所述第二发光层之间的第三发光层,所述第三发光层中的电子型材料所占比例等于空穴型材料所占比例。Optionally, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting composite structure further includes a third light-emitting layer located between the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer. For the light-emitting layer, the proportion of the electron-type material in the third light-emitting layer is equal to the proportion of the hole-type material.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述第一发光层的厚度和所述第二发光层的厚度相同,所述第三发光层的厚度小于所述第一发光层的厚度。Optionally, in a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the first light-emitting layer and the thickness of the second light-emitting layer are the same, and the thickness of the third light-emitting layer The thickness is smaller than the thickness of the first light-emitting layer.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,所述第一发光层和所述第二发光层的厚度均为10nm-20nm,所述第三发光层的厚度为10nm-15nm。Optionally, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer are both 10nm-20nm, and the third light-emitting layer The thickness of the layer is 10nm-15nm.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,各所述发光层中的空穴型材料相同或不同,各所述发光层中的电子型材料相同或不同。Optionally, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hole-type material in each light-emitting layer is the same or different, and the electron-type material in each light-emitting layer is the same Or different.
可选地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,各所述发光层中的发光掺杂材料相同。Optionally, during specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting doping material in each light-emitting layer is the same.
相应地,本公开实施例还提供了一种显示面板,包括本公开实施例提供的上述任一项有机电致发光器件。Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display panel, including any one of the organic electroluminescent devices provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
相应地,本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置,包括本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板。Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, including the above-mentioned display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图之一;FIG. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an organic electroluminescent device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure;
图2为本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图之二;2 is the second structural diagram of an organic electroluminescent device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure;
图3为本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图之三;3 is the third structural diagram of the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the disclosure;
图4A和图4B为本公开实施例提供的在制备有机电致发光器件的结构时执行各步骤后的结构示意图。4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of the structure after performing various steps when preparing the structure of the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本公开的目的,技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合附图,对本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件、显示面板及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, specific implementations of the organic electroluminescent device, display panel, and display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图中各层薄膜厚度和形状不反映有机电致发光器件的真实比例,目的只是示意说明本公开内容。The film thickness and shape of each layer in the drawings do not reflect the true ratio of the organic electroluminescent device, and the purpose is only to illustrate the present disclosure schematically.
在有机电致发光器件结构中,电子和空穴分别从阴极和阳极注入,在器件的发光层中复合发光。因此,传输至发光层中的电子和空穴数量对于有机电致发光器件性能有着重要作用。目前有机电致发光器件结构存在一些技术问题,例如由于电子和空穴在发光层传输特性的差异,会导致电子和空穴复合中心偏离发光层的中心位置。当电子和空穴复合中心靠近电子阻挡层或空穴阻挡层界面时,在界面处更容易出现界面老化,造成有机电致发光器件的亮度衰减、电流效率低等问题。In the structure of an organic electroluminescence device, electrons and holes are injected from the cathode and the anode, respectively, and emit light in the light-emitting layer of the device. Therefore, the number of electrons and holes transported to the light-emitting layer plays an important role in the performance of the organic electroluminescent device. At present, there are some technical problems in the structure of organic electroluminescent devices. For example, due to the difference in the transport characteristics of electrons and holes in the light-emitting layer, the recombination center of electrons and holes may deviate from the center of the light-emitting layer. When the recombination center of electrons and holes is close to the interface of the electron blocking layer or the hole blocking layer, interface aging is more likely to occur at the interface, causing problems such as brightness degradation and low current efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device.
本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件,如图1至图3所示,包括:相对设置的阴极层1和阳极层2,以及位于阴极层1和阳极层2之间的发光复合结构3;发光复合结构3内混合有空穴型材料、电子型材料和发光掺杂材料;其中,发光复合结构3中靠近阴极层1一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,发光复合结构3中靠近阳极层2一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。The organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, includes: a cathode layer 1 and an anode layer 2 disposed oppositely, and a light-emitting composite structure 3 located between the cathode layer 1 and the anode layer 2 The light-emitting composite structure 3 is mixed with hole-type materials, electronic-type materials and light-emitting doping materials; among them, the proportion of the electronic-type materials on the side close to the cathode layer 1 in the light-emitting composite structure 3 is greater than the proportion of the hole-type materials The proportion of the hole-type material on the side close to the anode layer 2 in the light-emitting composite structure 3 is greater than the proportion of the electron-type material.
本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件,通过将有机电致发光器件的发光复合结构中靠近阴极层一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,发光复合结构中靠近阳极层一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例,在发光时,可以使阴极层中的电子容易传输到发光复合结构中靠近阴极层的一侧,使阳极层中的空穴容易传输到发光复合结构中靠近阳极层的一侧,从而保证电子和空穴的复合位置控制在发光复合结构内,避免电子和空穴扩散到其它层引起的猝灭,因此通过将发光复合结构中不同位置处的 电子型材料和空穴型材料按不同比例进行设计,可以大大降低电子和空穴复合位置偏向阻挡层界面的几率,减少在阻挡层界面劣化的风险,提高有机电致发光器件中载流子的平衡能力,从而可以降低发光亮度衰减以及提高电流效率。In the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the proportion of the electron-type material on the side close to the cathode layer in the light-emitting composite structure of the organic electroluminescent device is greater than the proportion of the hole-type material. The proportion of hole-type materials on the side of the anode layer is greater than that of electron-type materials. When emitting light, the electrons in the cathode layer can be easily transported to the side of the light-emitting composite structure near the cathode layer, so that the Holes are easily transported to the side of the light-emitting composite structure close to the anode layer, thereby ensuring that the recombination position of electrons and holes is controlled within the light-emitting composite structure, and avoiding the quenching caused by the diffusion of electrons and holes to other layers. The electronic materials and hole materials at different positions in the composite structure are designed in different proportions, which can greatly reduce the probability that the recombination position of electrons and holes will deviate to the barrier layer interface, reduce the risk of deterioration at the barrier layer interface, and improve the organic conductivity The balance ability of carriers in the light-emitting device can reduce the attenuation of luminous brightness and improve the current efficiency.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图1所示,发光复合结构3仅包括一层发光层3’,沿阴极层1指向阳极层2的方向,发光层3’内的电子型材料所占比例逐渐降低,发光层内的空穴型材料所占比例逐渐增加。这样可以使发光层3’中靠近阴极层1一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,发光层3’中靠近阳极层2一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例,在发光时,可以使阴极层1中的电子容易传输到发光层3’中靠近阴极层1的一侧,使阳极层2中的空穴容易传输到发光层3’中靠近阳极层2的一侧,从而保证电子和空穴的复合位置控制在发光层3’内,避免电子和空穴扩散到其它层引起的猝灭,因此通过将发光层3’中不同位置处的电子型材料和空穴型材料按不同比例进行设计,可以大大降低电子和空穴复合位置偏向阻挡层界面的几率,减少在阻挡层界面劣化的风险,提高有机电致发光器件中载流子的平衡能力,从而可以降低发光亮度衰减以及提高电流效率。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, the light-emitting composite structure 3 only includes one light-emitting layer 3', which is directed to the anode layer 2 along the cathode layer 1 The proportion of electronic materials in the light-emitting layer 3'gradually decreases, and the proportion of hole materials in the light-emitting layer gradually increases. In this way, the proportion of the electron-type material on the side close to the cathode layer 1 in the light-emitting layer 3'can be greater than the proportion of the hole-type material, and the proportion of the hole-type material on the side close to the anode layer 2 in the light-emitting layer 3'is greater than The proportion of electronic materials, when emitting light, the electrons in the cathode layer 1 can be easily transported to the side of the light-emitting layer 3'close to the cathode layer 1, and the holes in the anode layer 2 can be easily transported to the light-emitting layer 3' The side close to the anode layer 2 in order to ensure that the recombination position of electrons and holes is controlled in the light-emitting layer 3', and to avoid the quenching caused by the diffusion of electrons and holes to other layers, so by setting different positions in the light-emitting layer 3' The electronic materials and hole-type materials are designed in different proportions, which can greatly reduce the probability that the recombination position of electrons and holes will deviate to the barrier layer interface, reduce the risk of deterioration at the barrier layer interface, and increase the current carrying in the organic electroluminescent device The balance ability of the electronic components can reduce the attenuation of the luminous brightness and improve the current efficiency.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,发光复合结构包括至少两层发光层,靠近阴极层的最外侧发光层中的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,靠近阳极层的最外侧发光层中的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。如图2所示,发光复合结构3包括两层发光层,具体地,发光复合结构3包括第一发光层31和第二发光层32,第一发光层31靠近阴极层1,第二发光层32靠近阳极层2。这样可以将第一发光层31内的电子型材料所占比例设置成大于空穴型材料所占比例,将第二发光层32内的空穴型材料所占比例设置成大于电子型材料所占比例,在发光时,可以使阴极层1中的电子容易传输到第一发光层31内,使阳极层2中的空穴容易传输到第二发光层32内,可以使电子和空穴的复合位置位于第一发光层31和第二发光层32区域,避免电子和空穴扩散到其它层引起的猝灭,大大降低电子和空穴复合位置偏向阻挡层界面的几率,减少 在阻挡层界面劣化的风险,提高有机电致发光器件中载流子的平衡能力,从而可以降低发光亮度衰减以及提高电流效率。如图3所示,发光复合结构3包括三层发光层,具体地,发光复合结构3包括第一发光层31和第二发光层32,第一发光层31靠近阴极层1,第二发光层32靠近阳极层2,发光复合结构3还包括位于第一发光层31和第二发光层32之间的第三发光层33,第三发光层33中的电子型材料所占比例等于空穴型材料所占比例。通过将第三发光层33内的电子型材料所占比例设置成等于空穴型材料所占比例,这样可以进一步使电子和空穴的复合位置位于第三发光层33的区域,避免电子和空穴扩散到其它层引起的猝灭,进一步降低电子和空穴复合位置偏向阻挡层界面的几率,减少在阻挡层界面劣化的风险,提高有机电致发光器件中载流子的平衡能力,从而可以进一步降低发光亮度衰减以及提高电流效率。Further, in a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting composite structure includes at least two light-emitting layers, and the proportion of electronic materials in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the cathode layer is greater than The proportion of hole-type materials is larger than the proportion of electron-type materials in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the anode layer. As shown in FIG. 2, the light-emitting composite structure 3 includes two light-emitting layers. Specifically, the light-emitting composite structure 3 includes a first light-emitting layer 31 and a second light-emitting layer 32. The first light-emitting layer 31 is close to the cathode layer 1, and the second light-emitting layer 32 is close to the anode layer 2. In this way, the proportion of the electronic material in the first light-emitting layer 31 can be set to be greater than the proportion of the hole-type material, and the proportion of the hole-type material in the second light-emitting layer 32 can be set to be greater than the proportion of the electronic material. Proportionally, when emitting light, the electrons in the cathode layer 1 can be easily transported into the first light-emitting layer 31, and the holes in the anode layer 2 can be easily transported into the second light-emitting layer 32, and the electrons and holes can be recombined. The location is located in the area of the first light-emitting layer 31 and the second light-emitting layer 32 to avoid the quenching caused by the diffusion of electrons and holes to other layers, greatly reduce the probability that the recombination position of electrons and holes deviate to the barrier layer interface, and reduce the deterioration at the barrier layer interface The risk of improving the balance of carriers in the organic electroluminescent device can reduce the attenuation of luminous brightness and improve the current efficiency. As shown in FIG. 3, the light-emitting composite structure 3 includes three light-emitting layers. Specifically, the light-emitting composite structure 3 includes a first light-emitting layer 31 and a second light-emitting layer 32. The first light-emitting layer 31 is close to the cathode layer 1, and the second light-emitting layer 32 is close to the anode layer 2. The light-emitting composite structure 3 also includes a third light-emitting layer 33 located between the first light-emitting layer 31 and the second light-emitting layer 32. The proportion of electronic materials in the third light-emitting layer 33 is equal to the hole type. The percentage of materials. By setting the proportion of the electron-type material in the third light-emitting layer 33 equal to the proportion of the hole-type material, the recombination position of electrons and holes can be further located in the area of the third light-emitting layer 33, avoiding electrons and holes. The quenching caused by the diffusion of holes to other layers further reduces the probability that the recombination position of electrons and holes deviates to the barrier layer interface, reduces the risk of deterioration at the barrier layer interface, and improves the balance of carriers in the organic electroluminescent device, which can Further reduce the attenuation of luminous brightness and improve current efficiency.
需要说明的是,本公开图3所示的实施例中所说的第三发光层33中的电子型材料所占比例等于空穴型材料所占比例,其中等于是指近似相等,可以有一定的偏差。It should be noted that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the present disclosure, the proportion of electronic materials in the third light-emitting layer 33 is equal to the proportion of hole materials, where equal means approximately equal, and there may be a certain The deviation.
需要说明的是,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,电子型材料所占比例和空穴型材料所占比例中的比例可以是质量比,各发光层中电子型材料所占比例和空穴型材料所占比例可以根据实际发光需要来进行调节。It should be noted that in the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the ratio of the proportion of the electron type material and the proportion of the hole type material may be a mass ratio, and each light-emitting layer The proportion of electron-type materials and the proportion of hole-type materials can be adjusted according to actual light-emitting needs.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图2和图3所示,第一发光层31的厚度和第二发光层32的厚度可以分别根据电子型材料的电子迁移率和空穴型材料的空穴迁移率来调节。一般迁移率越大,相应地发光层的厚度也应较厚。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the thickness of the first light-emitting layer 31 and the thickness of the second light-emitting layer 32 may be based on The electron mobility of the electronic type material and the hole mobility of the hole type material are adjusted. Generally, the greater the mobility, the correspondingly thicker the thickness of the light-emitting layer.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图2和图3所示,第一发光层31的厚度和第二发光层32的厚度可以相同,第三发光层33的厚度可以小于第一发光层31的厚度。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the thickness of the first light-emitting layer 31 and the thickness of the second light-emitting layer 32 may be the same, The thickness of the third light-emitting layer 33 may be smaller than the thickness of the first light-emitting layer 31.
需要说明的是,本公开图2和图3所示的实施例中所说的第一发光层31的厚度和第二发光层32的厚度相同,其中相同是指近似相同,可以有一定的偏差。It should be noted that the thickness of the first light-emitting layer 31 and the thickness of the second light-emitting layer 32 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 of the present disclosure are the same, where the same refers to approximately the same, and there may be certain deviations. .
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器 件中,如图2和图3所示,第一发光层31和第二发光层32的厚度可以均为10nm-20nm,第三发光层33的厚度可以为10nm-15nm。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the thickness of the first light-emitting layer 31 and the second light-emitting layer 32 may both be 10 nm- 20 nm, the thickness of the third light-emitting layer 33 may be 10 nm-15 nm.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图1至图3所示,各发光层中的空穴型材料相同或不同,即各发光层中的空穴型材料可以为同一种材料,也可以为不同种材料;各发光层中的电子型材料相同或不同,即各发光层中的电子型材料可以为同一种材料,也可以为不同种材料。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the hole-type material in each light-emitting layer is the same or different, that is, in each light-emitting layer The hole-type material can be the same material or different kinds of materials; the electronic materials in each light-emitting layer are the same or different, that is, the electronic materials in each light-emitting layer can be the same material or different kinds of materials. material.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,空穴型材料通常为苯胺类化合物,电子型材料通常为咪唑类化合物。具体地,空穴型材料可以为三苯胺、(联苯)二胺、咔唑等化合物,可选地,空穴型材料可以为:N,N'-二苯基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二胺、苯基-[1,1'-二苯基]-4,4'-二胺、1,3,5-三胺基苯、4,4',4"-三(N,N-二苯基胺基)、N,N'-二(1-萘基)-N,N'-二苯基-1,1'-联苯-4-4'-二胺(NPB)、三苯基二胺衍生物(TPD)、TPTE、1,3,5-三(N-3-甲基苯基-N-苯基氨基)苯(TDAB)等。电子型材料可以为噁二唑、咪唑、吡啶喹啉、亚胺等化合物,可选地,电子型材料可以为:2-(4-二苯基)-5-(4-叔丁苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑、2-(4-联苯基)-5-苯基恶二唑(PBD)、1,3,5-三(N-苯基-2-苯并咪唑-2)苯41、聚(1,2-亚乙烯基吡啶)、苝二亚胺等。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the hole-type material is usually an aniline compound, and the electronic-type material is usually an imidazole compound. Specifically, the hole-type material may be a compound such as triphenylamine, (biphenyl) diamine, carbazole, etc. Alternatively, the hole-type material may be: N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'- Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, phenyl-[1,1'-diphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 4,4' ,4"-Tris(N,N-diphenylamino), N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4-4 '-Diamine (NPB), triphenyldiamine derivative (TPD), TPTE, 1,3,5-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino)benzene (TDAB), etc. The electronic material can be a compound such as oxadiazole, imidazole, pyridinequinoline, imine, etc. Alternatively, the electronic material can be: 2-(4-diphenyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(4-biphenyl)-5-phenyloxadiazole (PBD), 1,3,5-tris(N-phenyl-2-benzimidazole) -2) Benzene 41, poly(1,2-vinylidenepyridine), perylene diimide, etc.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图1至图3所示,各发光层中的发光掺杂材料相同,即各发光层中的发光掺杂材料为同一种材料,从而可以发出单色光,可形成单色发光器件。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the light-emitting doping material in each light-emitting layer is the same, that is, the light-emitting layer in each light-emitting layer The doping material is the same material, so that monochromatic light can be emitted and a monochromatic light-emitting device can be formed.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,如图1至图3所示,还包括位于阴极层1与第一发光层31之间背向阴极层1依次层叠设置的电子注入层4、电子传输层5和空穴阻挡层6,以及位于阳极层2与第二发光层32之间背向阳极层2依次层叠设置的空穴注入层7、空穴传输层8和电子阻挡层9。通过在发光层两侧增加上述电子/空穴注入层、电子/空穴传输层、电子/空穴阻挡层,均是为了调节有机电致发光器件结构中电子和空穴的数量而设计的。通过上述各功能层的设计,有机电致发光器件中各层之间的能级差显著减小,传输至发光层界面的电子和空穴数量显著上升,提高发光效率。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, it further includes a cathode layer located between the cathode layer 1 and the first light-emitting layer 31. 1 The electron injection layer 4, the electron transport layer 5, and the hole blocking layer 6 are stacked in sequence, and the hole injection layer 7 and the hole are stacked between the anode layer 2 and the second light-emitting layer 32 facing away from the anode layer 2. The hole transport layer 8 and the electron blocking layer 9. By adding the above-mentioned electron/hole injection layer, electron/hole transport layer, and electron/hole blocking layer on both sides of the light-emitting layer, all are designed to adjust the number of electrons and holes in the organic electroluminescent device structure. Through the design of the above functional layers, the energy level difference between the layers in the organic electroluminescent device is significantly reduced, the number of electrons and holes transported to the interface of the light-emitting layer is significantly increased, and the luminous efficiency is improved.
综上,本公开实施例通过将传统有机电致发光器件结构的发光层制备成2~3个发光层,每个发光层均包括电子型材料、空穴型材料和发光掺杂材料,每个发光层仅仅是电子型材料和空穴型材料所占比例不同,通过这样的设计,可以避免两个发光层之间存在明显界面导致的器件劣化、寿命变差。另外,通过三层中所占比例不同的电子型材料和空穴型材料设计,可以大大降低电子和空穴的复合发光位置靠近阻挡层界面,减少在阻挡层界面劣化的风险。因此本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件中每个发光层具有不同的电子/空穴传输特性,从而提高有机电致发光器件的发光层中载流子平衡能力,达到最佳的电流效率、减少寿命衰减等特性。In summary, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light-emitting layer of the traditional organic electroluminescent device structure is prepared into 2 to 3 light-emitting layers, each light-emitting layer includes an electronic type material, a hole type material and a light-emitting doped material, each The light-emitting layer only accounts for a different proportion of electron-type materials and hole-type materials. Through such a design, it is possible to avoid device degradation and life deterioration caused by an obvious interface between the two light-emitting layers. In addition, through the design of electronic materials and hole materials with different proportions in the three layers, it is possible to greatly reduce the position of the combined light emission of electrons and holes close to the barrier interface, and reduce the risk of deterioration at the barrier interface. Therefore, each light-emitting layer in the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has different electron/hole transport characteristics, thereby improving the carrier balance ability in the light-emitting layer of the organic electroluminescent device and achieving the best current efficiency. , Reduce life attenuation and other characteristics.
进一步地,在具体实施时,在本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件中,阳极层的材料可以为铟掺杂氧化锡(ITO),阴极层的材料可以为Mg/Ag合金。Further, in specific implementation, in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the material of the anode layer may be indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), and the material of the cathode layer may be Mg/Ag alloy.
进一步地,在具体实施时,本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件的结构可以为正置结构,也可以为倒置结构,不做具体限定。Further, in specific implementation, the structure of the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a upright structure or an inverted structure, which is not specifically limited.
进一步地,在具体实施时,本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件为正置结构,如图1至图3所示,还包括位于阳极层2背向阴极层1一侧依次层叠设置的反射层12,驱动电路11和衬底基板10,以及位于阴极层1背向阳极层2一侧的保护层13。Further, in specific implementation, the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has an upright structure, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and further includes a layer located on the side of the anode layer 2 facing away from the cathode layer 1. The reflective layer 12, the driving circuit 11 and the base substrate 10, and the protective layer 13 on the side of the cathode layer 1 facing away from the anode layer 2.
下面通过具体实施例对本公开实施例图3提供的有机电致发光器件为正置结构时的制备方法进行详细说明。具体地,有机电致发光器件中各膜层的制备方法包括但不限于旋涂法、蒸镀法、化学气相沉积法、物理气相沉积法、磁控溅射法等中的一种或多种。The preparation method of the organic electroluminescent device provided in FIG. 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure with the upright structure will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. Specifically, the preparation methods of each film layer in the organic electroluminescent device include, but are not limited to, one or more of spin coating, vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, etc. .
(1)清洗衬底基板10,在清洗干净的衬底基板10上制作驱动电路11,驱动电路11用于点亮有机电致发光器件的像素区域,如图4A所示;具体地,衬底基板10可以为玻璃基板等。(1) Clean the base substrate 10, and fabricate a drive circuit 11 on the cleaned base substrate 10. The drive circuit 11 is used to light up the pixel area of the organic electroluminescent device, as shown in FIG. 4A; specifically, the substrate The substrate 10 may be a glass substrate or the like.
(2)采用真空蒸镀或喷墨打印等方法在形成有驱动电路11的衬底基板10上依次制作反射层12、阳极层2、空穴注入层7、空穴传输层8、电子阻挡层9、第二发光层32、第三发光层33、第一发光层31、空穴阻挡层6、电子传输层5、电子注入层4、阴极层1和保护层13,如图4B所示。(2) The reflective layer 12, the anode layer 2, the hole injection layer 7, the hole transport layer 8, and the electron blocking layer are sequentially fabricated on the base substrate 10 on which the drive circuit 11 is formed by vacuum evaporation or inkjet printing. 9. The second light-emitting layer 32, the third light-emitting layer 33, the first light-emitting layer 31, the hole blocking layer 6, the electron transport layer 5, the electron injection layer 4, the cathode layer 1, and the protective layer 13, as shown in FIG. 4B.
本公开实施例上述制备得到的图4B所示的有机电致发光器件为正置结构,当然在具体实施时,也可以制备倒置结构的有机电致发光器件,具体地,倒置结构的有机电致发光器件为在衬底基板上依次制作驱动电路、反射层、阴极层、电子注入层、电子传输层、空穴阻挡层、第一发光层、第三发光层、第二发光层、电子阻挡层、空穴传输层、空穴注入层、阳极层和保护层;倒置结构的有机电致发光器件的具体制备流程可以参见上述正置结构的有机电致发光器件的制备方法,仅是各膜层的制备顺序发生改变,在此不做详述。The organic electroluminescent device shown in FIG. 4B prepared in the embodiment of the present disclosure has an upright structure. Of course, in specific implementation, an organic electroluminescent device with an inverted structure can also be prepared, specifically, an organic electroluminescent device with an inverted structure. The light-emitting device is to sequentially fabricate a driving circuit, a reflective layer, a cathode layer, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, a first light-emitting layer, a third light-emitting layer, a second light-emitting layer, and an electron blocking layer on a base substrate. , Hole transport layer, hole injection layer, anode layer and protective layer; the specific preparation process of the inverted structure organic electroluminescent device can refer to the above-mentioned preparation method of the upright structure organic electroluminescent device, only the layers The order of preparation of the product has changed, so I will not elaborate on it here.
本公开对有机电致发光器件的发光类型不做限制,如不限于底出光或顶出光。在具体实施时,阳极层和阴极层中位于有机电致发光器件出光一侧的电极为透明电极。The present disclosure does not limit the light emission type of the organic electroluminescence device, such as not limited to bottom light emission or top light emission. In specific implementation, the electrodes on the light emitting side of the organic electroluminescent device in the anode layer and the cathode layer are transparent electrodes.
具体实施时,本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件还可以包括本领域技术人员熟知的其它功能膜层,在此不做详述。During specific implementation, the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may also include other functional film layers well known to those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail here.
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供了一种显示面板,包括本公开实施例提供的上述有机电致发光器件。该显示面板解决问题的原理与前述有机电致发光器件相似,因此该显示面板的实施可以参见前述有机电致发光器件的实施,重复之处在此不再赘述。Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel, including the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The problem-solving principle of the display panel is similar to that of the aforementioned organic electroluminescence device. Therefore, the implementation of the display panel can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned organic electroluminescence device, and the repetitions are not repeated here.
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置,包括本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板。该显示装置解决问题的原理与前述有机电致发光器件相似,因此该显示装置的实施可以参见前述有机电致发光器件的实施,重复之处在此不再赘述。Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, including the above-mentioned display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The problem-solving principle of the display device is similar to that of the aforementioned organic electroluminescent device. Therefore, the implementation of the display device can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned organic electroluminescent device, and the repetitive parts will not be repeated here.
本公开实施例提供的有机电致发光器件、显示面板及显示装置,通过将有机电致发光器件的发光复合结构中靠近阴极层一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,发光复合结构中靠近阳极层一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例,在发光时,可以使阴极层中的电子容易传输到发光复合结构中靠近阴极层的一侧,使阳极层中的空穴容易传输到发光复合结构中靠近阳极层的一侧,从而保证电子和空穴的复合位置控制在发光复合结构内,避免电子和空穴扩散到其它层引起的猝灭,因此通过将发光复合结构中不同位置处的电子型材料和空穴型材料按不同比例进行设计,可以大大降低电子和空穴复合位置偏向阻挡层界面的几率,减少在阻挡层界面劣 化的风险,提高有机电致发光器件中载流子的平衡能力,从而可以降低发光亮度衰减以及提高电流效率。The organic electroluminescent device, display panel and display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by making the light-emitting composite structure of the organic electroluminescent device the electron type material on the side close to the cathode layer account for greater proportions than the hole type material In the light-emitting composite structure, the proportion of hole-type materials on the side close to the anode layer is greater than the proportion of electron-type materials. When emitting light, the electrons in the cathode layer can be easily transferred to the side of the light-emitting composite structure near the cathode layer. , So that the holes in the anode layer are easily transported to the side of the light-emitting composite structure close to the anode layer, so as to ensure that the recombination position of electrons and holes is controlled within the light-emitting composite structure, and avoid the quenching caused by the diffusion of electrons and holes to other layers. Therefore, by designing the electron-type material and hole-type material at different positions in the light-emitting composite structure in different proportions, the probability that the recombination position of electrons and holes deviates to the barrier layer interface can be greatly reduced, and the deterioration at the barrier layer interface can be reduced. Risk, improve the balance of carriers in the organic electroluminescent device, thereby reducing the attenuation of luminous brightness and improving current efficiency.
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样,倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and equivalent technologies, the present disclosure also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (11)

  1. 一种有机电致发光器件,包括:阴极层和阳极层,以及位于所述阴极层和所述阳极层之间的发光复合结构;所述发光复合结构内混合有空穴型材料、电子型材料和发光掺杂材料;其中,所述发光复合结构中靠近所述阴极层一侧的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,所述发光复合结构中靠近所述阳极层一侧的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。An organic electroluminescence device, comprising: a cathode layer and an anode layer, and a light-emitting composite structure located between the cathode layer and the anode layer; the light-emitting composite structure is mixed with hole-type materials and electron-type materials And light-emitting doped materials; wherein the proportion of the electron-type material on the side close to the cathode layer in the light-emitting composite structure is greater than the proportion of the hole-type material, and the light-emitting composite structure on the side close to the anode layer The proportion of hole-type materials is greater than that of electron-type materials.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述发光复合结构仅包括一层发光层,沿所述阴极层指向所述阳极层的方向,所述发光层内的电子型材料所占比例逐渐降低,所述发光层内的空穴型材料所占比例逐渐增加。The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting composite structure only includes a light-emitting layer, and the direction of the cathode layer pointing to the anode layer is along the direction of the anode layer, and the electronic material in the light-emitting layer is The proportion gradually decreases, and the proportion of the hole-type material in the light-emitting layer gradually increases.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述发光复合结构包括至少两层发光层,靠近所述阴极层的最外侧发光层中的电子型材料所占比例大于空穴型材料所占比例,靠近所述阳极层的最外侧发光层中的空穴型材料所占比例大于电子型材料所占比例。The organic electroluminescence device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting composite structure includes at least two light-emitting layers, and the proportion of electron-type materials in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the cathode layer is greater than that of hole-type materials The proportion of the hole-type material in the outermost light-emitting layer close to the anode layer is greater than the proportion of the electron-type material.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述发光复合结构包括第一发光层和第二发光层,所述第一发光层靠近所述阴极层,所述第二发光层靠近所述阳极层。4. The organic electroluminescent device of claim 3, wherein the light-emitting composite structure comprises a first light-emitting layer and a second light-emitting layer, the first light-emitting layer is close to the cathode layer, and the second light-emitting layer is close to The anode layer.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述发光复合结构还包括位于所述第一发光层和所述第二发光层之间的第三发光层,所述第三发光层中的电子型材料所占比例等于空穴型材料所占比例。8. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 4, wherein the light-emitting composite structure further comprises a third light-emitting layer located between the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer, and the third light-emitting layer The proportion of electron-type materials is equal to the proportion of hole-type materials.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述第一发光层的厚度和所述第二发光层的厚度相同,所述第三发光层的厚度小于所述第一发光层的厚度。The organic electroluminescent device of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the first light-emitting layer is the same as the thickness of the second light-emitting layer, and the thickness of the third light-emitting layer is smaller than that of the first light-emitting layer. thickness.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,所述第一发光层和所述第二发光层的厚度均为10nm-20nm,所述第三发光层的厚度为10nm-15nm。7. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer are both 10nm-20nm, and the thickness of the third light-emitting layer is 10nm-15nm.
  8. 如权利要求3所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,各所述发光层中的空穴型材料相同或不同,各所述发光层中的电子型材料相同或不同。3. The organic electroluminescent device of claim 3, wherein the hole-type materials in each of the light-emitting layers are the same or different, and the electron-type materials in each of the light-emitting layers are the same or different.
  9. 如权利要求3所述的有机电致发光器件,其中,各所述发光层中的发光掺杂材料相同。8. The organic electroluminescence device of claim 3, wherein the light-emitting doping material in each of the light-emitting layers is the same.
  10. 一种显示面板,包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的有机电致发光器件。A display panel comprising the organic electroluminescence device according to any one of claims 1-9.
  11. 一种显示装置,包括如权利要求10所述的显示面板。A display device comprising the display panel as claimed in claim 10.
PCT/CN2020/075942 2019-06-05 2020-02-20 Organic light-emitting device, display panel and display device WO2020244252A1 (en)

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