WO2020239095A1 - 一种电源保护电路及电源 - Google Patents

一种电源保护电路及电源 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020239095A1
WO2020239095A1 PCT/CN2020/093435 CN2020093435W WO2020239095A1 WO 2020239095 A1 WO2020239095 A1 WO 2020239095A1 CN 2020093435 W CN2020093435 W CN 2020093435W WO 2020239095 A1 WO2020239095 A1 WO 2020239095A1
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Prior art keywords
power supply
low
linear regulator
dropout linear
protection circuit
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PCT/CN2020/093435
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦威
郑阳
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Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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Autel Robotics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a power supply protection circuit and a power supply.
  • batteries have the advantages of high energy density, portability, and relatively stable performance.
  • applications in the battery field often encounter requirements that require ultra-low power consumption control. Too low battery voltage will usually cause permanent damage to the battery, so for batteries that are stored for a long time, it is necessary to have a very low static power consumption to maximize the storage time of the battery.
  • the existing conventional method of reducing circuit power consumption is to optimize the hardware circuit and software program to reduce the power consumption to a very low value when it is static.
  • the inventor found that the above related technologies have at least the following problems: if the entire system is not powered off, even if the hardware circuits and software programs are optimized, there will still be some power loss.
  • the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit and a power supply, so as to realize power-off under a low power consumption working state, thereby reducing power consumption of the power supply.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power protection circuit, including:
  • the fuel gauge includes an output terminal of the fuel gauge, and the fuel gauge is used to set the output terminal of the fuel gauge to a low level when acquiring a sleep instruction or a low battery voltage signal;
  • a low-dropout linear regulator for outputting a stable power supply voltage includes a control terminal of a low-dropout linear regulator, the control terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator and the fuel gauge The output terminal is electrically connected, and the low dropout linear regulator is used to set the power supply voltage to zero when receiving the low level.
  • the power supply protection circuit further includes: a microprocessor, configured to output the sleep instruction or low battery voltage signal;
  • Both the microprocessor and the fuel gauge are provided with a communication port, and the communication port of the microprocessor is communicatively connected with the communication port of the fuel gauge, and is used to transmit the sleep instruction or low battery voltage signal;
  • the low-dropout linear regulator further includes an output terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator for outputting the power supply voltage
  • the microprocessor also includes a power input terminal of the microprocessor, and the input terminal of the power supply of the microprocessor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the fuel gauge further includes a power input terminal of the fuel gauge, and the power input terminal of the fuel gauge is used to connect a battery pack and obtain the battery voltage of the battery pack;
  • the low-dropout linear regulator further includes an input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator, and the input terminal of the low-dropout linear regulator is used to connect the battery pack and obtain the battery voltage of the battery pack.
  • the power supply protection circuit further includes: a first filter circuit, and the first filter circuit is connected between the battery pack and the input end of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the first filter circuit includes:
  • a first resistor the first resistor is connected between the battery pack and the input end of the low dropout linear regulator
  • a first capacitor one end of the first capacitor is connected between the first resistor and the input end of the low dropout linear regulator, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
  • the power protection circuit further includes: a second filter circuit connected to the output terminal of the low dropout linear regulator and the power input terminal of the microcontroller between.
  • the second filter circuit includes: a second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is connected to one of the output terminal of the low dropout linear regulator and the power input terminal of the microcontroller Meanwhile, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
  • the power supply protection circuit further includes a voltage divider circuit connected between the output terminal of the fuel gauge and the control terminal of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the voltage divider circuit includes:
  • a second resistor which is connected between the output terminal of the fuel gauge and the control terminal of the low dropout linear regulator
  • a third resistor one end of the third resistor is connected between the second resistor and the control end of the low dropout linear regulator, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
  • the power supply protection circuit further includes: a third filter circuit connected between the voltage divider circuit and the control terminal of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the third filter circuit includes: a third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor is connected between the voltage divider circuit and the control end of the low dropout linear regulator, the third The other end of the capacitor is grounded.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply, comprising: a battery pack and the power supply protection circuit as described in the first aspect, the battery pack provides stability through the power supply protection circuit When entering an ultra-low power consumption mode, the power protection circuit controls the battery pack to power off.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit and a power supply; the power supply protection circuit is configured to output a low level when the fuel gauge receives a sleep command or a low battery voltage signal, so that the low voltage
  • the differential linear regulator can set the output power supply voltage to zero, thereby controlling power failure, protecting the power supply, and reducing power consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power protection circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply protection circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power protection circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit diagram of a power supply protection circuit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit and a power supply.
  • the power supply protection circuit utilizes the function of a specific pin of the fuel gauge chip to turn off the power of the microprocessor when the fuel gauge enters an ultra-low power consumption mode, thereby Minimize the static power consumption of the entire system. Because the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the functional pins of the existing chip, the circuit is relatively simple to implement.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can actively enter low power consumption and can also use a microprocessor The way of sending commands, passively enter into low power consumption, it is flexible and convenient to use. Using the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can not only solve some program faults such as program runaway and microprocessor latching, but also avoid some problems of high static power consumption caused by micro leakage of components.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit 100, including: a fuel gauge U1 and a low dropout linear regulator U2, the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator and the power The output terminal PBI of the meter is connected, and the power protection circuit 100 can cut off the power when a sleep command or a low battery voltage signal is obtained, and set the output power voltage to zero.
  • the power protection circuit 100 can be applied to various products or electronic devices provided with power or batteries, for example, aircraft, automobiles, terminal devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices), household appliances (such as air conditioners, refrigerators) ), etc., to ensure that various products or electronic devices can be powered off under ultra-low power consumption, so as to ensure that the static power consumption of the product or electronic device is at a lower level, and to extend the storage time of the power supply or battery.
  • terminal devices such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices
  • household appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators
  • the protection circuit 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below using the battery pack as a source of electric energy.
  • the fuel gauge U1 includes an output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge, and the fuel gauge U1 is used to set the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge to a low level when a sleep command or a low battery voltage signal is acquired.
  • the fuel gauge U1 can receive control commands, such as sleep commands or start commands.
  • the fuel gauge U1 can also be connected to the battery pack and obtain the level state of the battery pack. Therefore, the corresponding level signal is output according to the corresponding control instruction or according to the level state of the battery pack.
  • the electricity meter U1 can be used to measure the electricity passing through the circuit.
  • the fuel gauge U1 used in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to measure the power passing through the power protection circuit 100, so as to obtain the remaining power of the battery pack through calculation and analysis.
  • the fuel gauge U1 used in the embodiment of the present invention can also be used to obtain a control command or battery voltage and output a corresponding level.
  • the electricity meter U1 when the electricity meter U1 obtains a sleep instruction, it outputs a low level at the output terminal PBI of the electricity meter; or, when the electricity meter U1 acquires a start instruction, it outputs a low level at the output of the electricity meter U1.
  • the terminal PBI outputs a high level.
  • the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge When the fuel gauge U1 is connected to the battery pack to measure the battery voltage of the battery pack, if the obtained battery voltage is lower than a certain threshold, the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge will output a low level; or, if the battery voltage is obtained The received battery voltage is higher than the threshold, but when the fuel gauge U1 obtains the sleep command, it outputs a low level at the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge; or, if the acquired battery voltage is higher than the threshold, When the electricity meter U1 does not acquire a control instruction or a start instruction, it outputs a high level at the output terminal PBI of the electricity meter. That is, as long as the fuel gauge U1 obtains a sleep instruction or detects that the battery voltage is a low battery voltage signal (the battery voltage is lower than a certain threshold), the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge U1 outputs a low level.
  • the electricity meter U1 may be a coulomb meter, a Hoffman electricity meter, a silver electricity meter, a gas electricity meter and other electricity meters commonly available in the market.
  • power management chips with chip models such as BQ40Z50, BQ40Z50-R1, BQ40Z80, etc. can be used as fuel gauges.
  • the specific model of the fuel gauge U1, the specific connection mode with other modules, the setting of the threshold of the low battery voltage signal, etc. can be set according to actual needs, without being bound to the present invention. Limitations of Examples.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 is used to output a stable power supply voltage, the low dropout linear regulator U2 includes a control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator, and a control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator Connected to the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge, the low dropout linear regulator U2 is used to set the power supply voltage to zero when receiving the low level.
  • the low-dropout linear regulator U2 is used to connect to the battery pack, and adjust the output voltage of the battery pack to output a stable power supply voltage.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 is also used to connect to the fuel gauge U1, and is used to control the power supply voltage to be turned on or off according to the level signal output from the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 normally outputs the power supply voltage; when the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge is detected
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 sets the power supply voltage to zero, so that the circuit is in a power-off state.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 adopts a low dropout linear regulator (that is, LDO, Low Drop Output) with a switching function.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 is a type of integrated circuit regulator.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 has low self-consumption and can be used for current main channel control. Integrates a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), Schottky diode, sampling resistor and Voltage divider resistors and other hardware circuits, and have over-current protection, over-temperature protection, precision reference source, differential amplifier, delay, etc..
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the low-dropout linear regulator U2 usually has extremely low self-noise and high Power supply rejection ratio.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 can be a common low dropout linear regulator with switching function on the market.
  • a chip model can be used It is the LDO power supply of TPS70933-Q1.
  • the specific model of the low-dropout linear regulator U2, the specific connection method with other modules, etc. can be set according to actual needs, and there is no need to stick to this Limitations of the embodiments of the invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit 100.
  • the power supply protection circuit 100 sets the fuel gauge U1 to output a low level when receiving a sleep instruction or a low battery voltage signal, thereby controlling the low dropout linear regulator U2 to be able to set the output power supply voltage to zero, thereby controlling all
  • the power protection circuit 100 is powered off.
  • the power supply protection circuit 100 further includes a microprocessor U3.
  • the microprocessor U3 is used to output the sleep instruction or low battery voltage signal.
  • the microprocessor U3 can also be used to control other modules of the power protection circuit 100 and other circuits connected to the output end of the power protection circuit 100.
  • the microprocessor U3 can also be connected to a manual or intelligent control system for receiving control information and converting the control information into a circuit module controlled by the microprocessor U3 to execute control instructions. For example, when the dormancy information is artificially input on the control system, the microprocessor U3 converts the manually input dormancy information into a dormancy instruction or a low battery voltage signal that can be read by the fuel gauge U1 and sends it to the fuel gauge U1 .
  • the microprocessor U3 and the fuel gauge U1 are both provided with communication ports, and the communication port TX of the microprocessor is communicatively connected with the communication port RX of the fuel gauge, and is used to transmit the sleep command or low battery voltage. signal.
  • the communication port TX of the microprocessor and the communication port RX of the fuel gauge may be connected in communication by using an I2C bus, a serial port or other methods.
  • the microprocessor U3 sends a control instruction, such as a start instruction or a sleep instruction, to the fuel gauge U1 through the communication port TX and the communication port RX, so as to control the level state output by the fuel gauge U1.
  • the microprocessor or microcomputer may be a plurality of microprocessors or microcomputers with computing functions arranged in each module of the power supply protection circuit 100, or it may be an independent microprocessor or microcomputer, and the microprocessor A device or a microcomputer is connected to at least the electricity meter U1 to control the electricity meter U1.
  • the microprocessor or microcomputer can be used to set various parameters, obtain various parameters, store various parameters, receive various information, process various information, and send various information and instructions.
  • the microprocessor U3 is also provided with a storage medium, and the storage medium stores multiple executable instructions and programs for data processing by the microprocessor U3.
  • the microprocessor U3 can also be a small single-chip microcomputer.
  • the specific model of the microprocessor or microcomputer in the microprocessor U3 can be set according to the actual needs of the microprocessor U3 for data processing capabilities, and the microprocessor U3
  • the specific circuit structure inside can be set according to actual needs, and does not need to be limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication port TX of the microprocessor and the communication port RX of the fuel gauge can perform bidirectional data transmission.
  • the fuel gauge U1 also includes a power input terminal POWER1 of the fuel gauge, and the power input terminal POWER1 of the fuel gauge is used to connect to the battery pack B+ and obtain the battery voltage of the battery pack B+.
  • the fuel gauge U1 can detect the power flowing through the power protection circuit 100 through the power input terminal POWER1 of the fuel gauge, and send the real-time power information flowing through the communication port RX of the fuel gauge to the
  • the microprocessor U3 can obtain the remaining power of the battery pack B+ after calculation processing, and when the remaining power of the battery pack B+ is lower than a certain threshold, it sends a sleep instruction or a low battery voltage signal to The fuel gauge U1 controls the power supply protection circuit 100 to power off, so that the power supply passively enters a low power consumption state.
  • the fuel gauge U1 can detect the battery voltage state of the battery pack B+ through the power input terminal POWER1 of the fuel gauge, and when the battery voltage is lower than a certain threshold, output a low level to control the power supply protection circuit 100 Power off, so that the power supply actively enters a low power consumption state.
  • the low-dropout linear regulator U2 also includes an input terminal IN of the low-dropout linear regulator, and the input terminal IN of the low-dropout linear regulator is used to connect to the battery pack B+ and obtain electric energy.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 also includes an output terminal OUT of the low dropout linear regulator for outputting the power supply voltage.
  • the microprocessor U3 also includes a power input terminal POWER2 of the microprocessor, and the power input terminal POWER2 of the microprocessor is connected to the output terminal OUT of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the low-dropout linear regulator U2 obtains electrical energy from the input terminal IN of the low-dropout linear regulator, and after rectifying, filtering, and stepping down the input battery voltage, it outputs a stable The power supply voltage is used to supply power to the microprocessor U3 and other circuit modules of the power protection circuit 100.
  • the low dropout linear regulator U2 stably outputs a DC low voltage of 3V to supply power to the microprocessor U3 and other circuit modules of the power protection circuit 100.
  • the step-down capability of the low-dropout linear regulator U2 can be set according to actual conditions, and does not need to be restricted to the limitations of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the power protection circuit 100 further includes: a first filter circuit 110, a second filter circuit 120, a voltage divider circuit 130 and a third filter circuit 140.
  • the first filter circuit 110 is connected between the battery pack B+ and the input terminal IN of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the second filter circuit 120 is connected between the output terminal OUT of the low dropout linear regulator and the power input terminal POWER2 of the microcontroller.
  • the voltage divider circuit 130 is connected between the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge and the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the third filter circuit 140 is connected between the voltage divider circuit 130 and the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the battery voltage output by the battery pack B+ is filtered by the first filter circuit 110 and then enters the low dropout linear regulator U2, and the low dropout linear regulator U2 filters After the battery voltage is stepped down and rectified, it is filtered by the second filter circuit 120 to stably output the power supply voltage to supply power for the microprocessor U3 and other circuit modules of the power supply protection circuit 100.
  • the level signal output by the fuel gauge U1 is regulated by the voltage divider circuit 130 and filtered by the third filter circuit 140, it is input to the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator to control the low dropout voltage regulator.
  • the first filter circuit 110 is used to filter out the clutter in the current, so that the low dropout linear regulator U2 can obtain a stable battery voltage.
  • the second filter circuit 120 is used to filter out the clutter in the current, so that the microprocessor U3 and the power protection circuit 100 require other circuit modules that use electricity to obtain a stable power supply voltage.
  • the third filter circuit 140 is used to filter out the clutter in the current, so that the low dropout linear regulator U2 can detect the accurate level signal/voltage signal.
  • the voltage divider circuit 130 is used to adjust the current, so as to adjust the current signal output from the fuel gauge output terminal PBI to the current signal that can be detected by the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the types of electronic components used in each of the first filter circuit 110, the second filter circuit 120, the voltage divider circuit 130, and the third filter circuit 140 and their respective circuit connection modes and connection relationships The connection mode of the first filter circuit 110 and the low dropout linear regulator U2, and the connection mode of the second filter circuit 120 with the low dropout linear regulator U2 and the microprocessor U3 respectively ,
  • the voltage divider circuit 130 is connected to the fuel gauge U1 and the low dropout linear regulator U2
  • the third filter circuit 140 is connected to the voltage divider circuit 130 and the low dropout linear regulator.
  • the connection mode of the voltage stabilizer U2 can be set according to actual needs, and does not need to be restricted to the limitation of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit diagram of the power supply protection circuit 100 shown in FIG. 3. Specifically:
  • the first filter circuit 110 includes: a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1. Wherein, the first resistor R1 is connected between the battery pack B+ and the input terminal IN of the low dropout linear regulator. One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the input terminal IN of the low dropout linear regulator, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
  • the second filter circuit 120 includes a second capacitor C2, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected between the output terminal OUT of the low dropout linear regulator and the power input terminal POWER2 of the microcontroller, so The other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.
  • the voltage divider circuit 130 includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3.
  • the second resistor R2 is connected between the output terminal PBI of the fuel gauge and the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator.
  • One end of the third resistor R3 is connected between the second resistor R2 and the control end EN of the low dropout linear regulator, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.
  • the third filter circuit 140 includes: a third capacitor C3, one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected between the voltage divider circuit 130 and the control terminal EN of the low dropout linear regulator, the third capacitor The other end of C3 is grounded.
  • the first resistor R1, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the third capacitor C3 Specific model, the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3, the capacitance of the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 The value can be set according to the actual situation, and does not need to be restricted to the limitation of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply 200.
  • the power supply 200 includes a battery pack B+ and the power supply protection circuit 100 as described in Embodiment 1, and the battery pack B+ passes through the power supply protection circuit 100.
  • a stable power supply voltage is provided, and when entering the ultra-low power consumption mode, the power protection circuit 100 controls the battery pack B+ to power off.
  • the power supply 200 may be applicable to various products or electronic devices provided with power supplies or batteries, for example, aircraft, automobiles, terminal devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices), household appliances (such as air conditioners, refrigerators), etc.
  • terminal devices such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices
  • household appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators
  • the power supply protection circuit 100 in this embodiment and the power supply protection circuit 100 provided in the first embodiment are based on the same inventive concept, the corresponding content of the power protection circuit 100 in the first embodiment is also applicable to this embodiment. The corresponding content of the power supply protection circuit 100 will not be detailed here.
  • the battery pack B+ may include one or more batteries, and the batteries used in the battery pack B+ may be any type of batteries, such as lithium batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lead-acid batteries, and so on.
  • the battery is composed of several single cells (cells) connected in series.
  • the battery is made up of several single cells in series in order to meet the power supply requirements of various electrical equipment.
  • the battery includes 4 or more than 4 single batteries, and the 4 or more than 4 single batteries are connected in series to meet different power supply requirements.
  • the battery pack B+ is used as an electric energy source, and after passing through the power protection circuit 100, it supplies power to each power consumption module in the power protection circuit 100, and also provides power to the subsequent electronic equipment in addition to the power protection. Other power-consuming modules outside the circuit 100 supply power.
  • the power supply 200 may not use the battery pack B+ as a power source, and the battery pack B+ may be replaced with a high-voltage AC power supply, a low-voltage AC power supply, a high-voltage DC power supply, or other low-voltage DC power supplies.
  • it can also be mains power, and accordingly, it is necessary to select a low dropout linear regulator U2 that can convert the mains voltage into the power supply voltage.
  • the model, power size, quantity, etc. of the battery pack B+ can be set according to actual conditions, and the power source used by the power supply 200 can be set according to actual conditions, and does not need to be limited to the implementation of the present invention. Limitations of examples.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply; the power supply is configured to output a low level when the power supply protection circuit needs to enter an ultra-low power consumption mode, so that the battery pack is the power output from the power supply protection circuit The voltage is set to zero, so that the control circuit is cut off and the power supply is protected.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit and a power supply; the power supply protection circuit is configured to output a low level when the fuel gauge receives a sleep instruction or a low battery voltage signal, so that the low dropout linear regulator can The output power supply voltage is set to zero, thereby controlling power failure, protecting the power supply, and reducing power consumption.

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Abstract

一种电源保护电路及电源，涉及电源技术领域，电源保护电路（100）包括：电量计（U1）和低压差线性稳压器（U2），该电源保护电路（100）通过设置电量计（U1）在接收到休眠指令或低电池电压信号时输出低电平，从而使得低压差线性稳压器（U2）能够将输出的电源电压置零，进而控制电路断电，保护电源。

Description

一种电源保护电路及电源
本申请要求于2019年5月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910466655.0、申请名称为“一种电源保护电路及电源”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电源技术领域，特别涉及一种电源保护电路及电源。
背景技术
目前，电池作为能源来源，具有高能量密度、便携的优势，且性能较为稳定。而电池应用到电路设计中时，电池领域的应用等经常会遇到需要超低功耗控制的需求。过低的电池电压会通常对电池造成永久的损坏，所以针对长时间放置的电池，势必要有一个很低的静态功耗来尽量延长电池的存储时间。
现有的降低线路功耗的常规做法是：优化硬件线路和软件程序，使之静态的时候降到一个很低的功耗值。
在实现本发明过程中，发明人发现以上相关技术中至少存在如下问题：如果没有给整个系统断电，即使再怎么对硬件线路和软件程序进行优化还是会存在一些电能损耗。
发明内容
本发明提供一种电源保护电路及电源，以实现低功耗工作状态下能够断电，从而减少电源电能损耗。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
为解决上述技术问题，第一方面，本发明实施例中提供了一种电源保护电路，包括：
电量计，包括电量计的输出端，所述电量计用于在获取休眠指令或低电池电压信号时将所述电量计的所述输出端置为低电平；
低压差线性稳压器，用于输出稳定的电源电压，所述低压差线性稳压器包括低压差线性稳压器的控制端，所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端与所述电量计的所述输出端电连接，所述低压差线性稳压器用于在接收所述低电平时将所述电源电压置零。
可选地，所述电源保护电路还包括：微处理器，用于输出所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号；
所述微处理器和所述电量计均设置有通信端口，所述微处理器的通信端口与所述电量计的通信端口通信连接，用于传输所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号；
所述低压差线性稳压器还包括低压差线性稳压器的输出端，用于输出所述电源电压；
所述微处理器还包括微处理器的电源输入端，所述微处理器的电源所述输入端与所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输出端电连接。
可选地，所述电量计还包括电量计的电源输入端，所述电量计的电源输入端用于连接电池组并获取所述电池组的电池电压；
所述低压差线性稳压器还包括低压差线性稳压器的输入端，所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端用于连接所述电池组并获取所述电池组的电池电压。
可选地，所述电源保护电路还包括：第一滤波电路，所述第一滤波电路连接在所述电池组和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间。
可选地，所述第一滤波电路包括：
第一电阻，所述第一电阻连接在所述电池组和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间；
第一电容，所述第一电容一端连接在所述第一电阻和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间，所述第一电容的另一端接地。
可选地，所述电源保护电路还包括：第二滤波电路，所述第二滤波电路连接在所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输出端和所述微控制器的所述电源输入端之间。
可选地，所述第二滤波电路包括：第二电容，所述第二电容一端连接在所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输出端和所述微控制器的所述电源输入端之间，所述第二电容的另一端接地。
可选地，所述电源保护电路还包括：分压电路，所述分压电路连接在所述电量计的所述输出端和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间。
可选地，所述分压电路包括：
第二电阻，所述第二电阻连接在所述电量计的所述输出端和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间；
第三电阻，所述第三电阻一端连接在所述第二电阻和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间，所述第三电阻的另一端接地。
可选地，所述电源保护电路还包括：第三滤波电路，所述第三滤波电路连接在所述分压电路和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间。
可选地，所述第三滤波电路包括：第三电容，所述第三电容一端连接在所述分压电路和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间，所述第三电容的另一端接地。
为解决上述技术问题，第二方面，本发明实施例中提供了一种电源，包括：电池组和如上述第一方面所述的电源保护电路，所述电池组通过所述电源保护电路提供稳定的电源电压，且在进入超低功耗模式时，所述电源保护电路控制所述电池组断电。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例中提供了一种电源保护电路及电源；所述 电源保护电路通过设置电量计在接收到休眠指令或低电池电压信号时输出低电平，从而使得低压差线性稳压器能够将输出的电源电压置零，从而控制断电，保护电源，减少电源电能损耗。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例中通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件/模块和步骤表示为类似的元件/模块和步骤，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本发明实施例一中提供的一种电源保护电路的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一中提供的另一种电源保护电路的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一中提供的另一种电源保护电路的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例一中提供的一种电源保护电路的电路图示意图；
图5是本发明实施例二中提供的一种电源的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，如果不冲突，本发明实施例中的各个特征可以相互结合，均在本申请的保护范围之内。另外，虽然在装置示意图中进行了功能模块划分，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于装置中的模块划分。
此外，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本说明书中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是用于限制本发明。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明实施例提供了一种电源保护电路及电源，该电源保护电路利用了电 量计芯片特定管脚的功能，可以在电量计进入超低功耗模式的时候关掉微处理器的电源，从而使整个系统的静态功耗降到最低。本发明实施例的技术方案由于利用了现有芯片的功能脚，所以线路实现起来相对简单，此外本发明实施例的技术方案电量计除了可以主动地进入低功耗外，也可以通过微处理器发命令的方式，被动进入低功耗，使用起来灵活方便。利用本发明实施例的技术方案不但可以解除一些程序跑飞、微处理器栓锁等程序故障，同时还可以避免一些因元器件的微漏电而导致的静态功耗偏高的问题。
具体地，下面结合附图，对本发明实施例作进一步阐述。
实施例一
请参见图1，本发明的实施例中提供了一种电源保护电路100，包括：电量计U1和低压差线性稳压器U2，所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN与所述电量计的输出端PBI连接，所述电源保护电路100能够在获取到休眠指令或低电池电压信号时断电，将输出的电源电压置零。
所述电源保护电路100可以适用于各种设置有电源或电池的产品或电子设备等，例如，飞行器、汽车、终端设备(如手机、平板、可穿戴设备)、家用电器设备(如空调、冰箱)等等，以保证各种产品或电子设备的超低功耗的情况下能够断电，从而保证产品或电子设备的静态功耗处于较低水平，延长电源或电池的存储时间。
下面以电池组作为电能来源，对本发明实施例提供的保护电路100进行具体描述。
所述电量计U1包括电量计的输出端PBI，所述电量计U1用于在获取休眠指令或低电池电压信号时将所述电量计的输出端PBI置低电平。所述电量计U1能够接收控制指令，如，休眠指令或启动指令。所述电量计U1还能够连接至电池组并获取电池组的电平状态。从而根据相应控制指令或根据电池组的电平状态的电平状态输出相应的电平信号。所述电量计U1能够用于测量电路中所通过电量。本发明实施例采用的电量计U1一方面能够用于测量通过所述电源保护电路100的电量，从而经过计算分析得到电池组的剩余电量。本发明实施例采用的电量计U1另一方面还能够用于获取控制指令或电池电压并输出相应的电平。
具体地，所述电量计U1在获取到休眠指令时，在所述电量计的输出端PBI输出低电平；或者，所述电量计U1在获取到启动指令时，在所述电量计的输出端PBI输出高电平。所述电量计U1连接至电池组测量所述电池组的电池电压时，若获取到的电池电压低于一定的阈值，则在所述电量计的输出端PBI输出低电平；或者，若获取到的电池电压高于所述阈值，但所述电量计U1获取到休眠指令时，在所述电量计的输出端PBI输出低电平；或者，若获取到的电池电压高于所述阈值，所述电量计U1未获取到控制指令或者获取到启动指令时，则在所述电量计的输出端PBI输出高电平。也就是说，只要所述电量计 U1获取到休眠指令或者检测到所述电池电压为低电池电压信号(电池电压低于一定阈值)时，所述电量计的输出端PBI输出低电平。
在本发明实施例中，所述电量计U1可以是市面上常见的库仑计、霍夫曼电量、银电量计、气体电量计等电量计。例如，在本发明实施例中，可以采用芯片型号为BQ40Z50、BQ40Z50-R1、BQ40Z80等型号的电源管理芯片作为电量计。在其他的一些实施例中，所述电量计U1的具体型号，与其他模块的具体连接方式，所述低电池电压信号的阈值的设置等，可根据实际需要进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
所述低压差线性稳压器U2用于输出稳定的电源电压，所述低压差线性稳压器U2包括低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN，所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN与所述电量计的输出端PBI连接，所述低压差线性稳压器U2用于在接收所述低电平时将所述电源电压置零。
具体地，所述低压差线性稳压器U2用于连接至电池组，将电池组的输出电压进行调整后输出稳定的所述电源电压。所述低压差线性稳压器U2还用于和所述电量计U1连接，用于根据所述电量计的输出端PBI输出的电平信号控制所述电源电压的开启或关断。在检测到所述电量计的输出端PBI输出的电平信号为高电平信号时，所述低压差线性稳压器U2正常输出电源电压；在检测到所述电量计的输出端PBI输出的电平信号为低电平信号时，所述低压差线性稳压器U2将所述电源电压置零，使得电路处于断电状态。
在本发明实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2采用具有开关功能的低压差线性稳压器(即LDO，Low Drop Output)。所述低压差线性稳压器U2为一类集成电路稳压器，所述低压差线性稳压器U2的自耗很低，可用于电流主通道控制，所述低压差线性稳压器U2上集成了具有极低线上导通电阻的MOSFET((Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管，简称金氧半场效晶体管)，肖特基二极管、取样电阻和分压电阻等硬件电路，并具有过流保护、过温保护、精密基准源、差分放大器、延迟器等功能。所述低压差线性稳压器U2通常具有极低的自有噪声和较高的电源抑制比。在本发明实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2可以是市面上常见的带开关功能的低压差线性稳压器。例如，在本发明实施例中，可以采用芯片型号为TPS70933-Q1的LDO电源。在其他的一些实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2的具体型号，与其他模块的具体连接方式等，可根据实际需要进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
本发明实施例中提供了一种电源保护电路100。所述电源保护电路100通过设置电量计U1在接收到休眠指令或低电池电压信号时输出低电平，从而控制所述低压差线性稳压器U2能够将输出的电源电压置零，从而控制所述电源保护电路100断电。
在一些实施例中，请参见图2，所述电源保护电路100还包括：微处理器 U3。所述微处理器U3用于输出所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号。
所述微处理器U3还能够用于控制所述电源保护电路100的其他模块，以及连接至所述电源保护电路100输出端的其他电路。所述微处理器U3还能够连接至人工或者智能控制系统，用于接收控制信息并将控制信息转化为所述微处理器U3所控制的电路模块能够执行控制指令。例如，人为在控制系统上输入休眠信息时，所述微处理器U3将人工输入的休眠信息转化为所述电量计U1能够读取的休眠指令或低电池电压信号并发送至所述电量计U1。
所述微处理器U3和所述电量计U1均设置有通信端口，所述微处理器的通信端口TX与所述电量计的通信端口RX通信连接，用于传输所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号。具体地，所述微处理器的通信端口TX与所述电量计的通信端口RX可采用I2C总线、串口或其它方式进行通信连接。所述微处理器U3通过所述通信端口TX和所述通信端口RX向所述电量计U1发送控制指令，例如，启动指令或休眠指令，从而控制所述电量计U1输出的电平状态。
所述微处理器U3内至少需要设置有一具有计算能力的微型处理器或微型计算机。该微型处理器或微型计算机可以是设置在电源保护电路100内各个模块的多个具有计算功能的微型处理器或微型计算机，也可以是一个独立设置的微型处理器或微型计算机，且该微型处理器或微型计算机至少连接至所述电量计U1，从而控制所述电量计U1。所述微型处理器或微型计算机能够用于设定各种参数、获取各种参数、存储各种参数、接收各种信息、处理各种信息以及发送各种信息和指令。所述微处理器U3内还设置有存储介质，该存储介质存储有可执行的多个指令和程序，用于所述微处理器U3的数据处理。所述微处理器U3还可以是一个小型的单片机。在其他的一些实施例中，所述微处理器U3内的微型处理器或微型计算机的具体型号等可根据实际所述微处理器U3对于数据处理能力的需要进行设置，所述微处理器U3内的具体电路结构可根据实际需要进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
此外，所述微处理器的通信端口TX与所述电量计的通信端口RX能够进行双向数据传输。所述电量计U1还包括电量计的电源输入端POWER1，所述电量计的电源输入端POWER1用于与电池组B+连接并获取所述电池组B+的电池电压。所述电量计U1通过电量计的电源输入端POWER1一方面，能够检测流经所述电源保护电路100的电量，并将实时流经的电量信息通过所述电量计的通信端口RX发送至所述微处理器U3，所述微处理器U3经计算处理后能够获得所述电池组B+的剩余电量，在所述电池组B+的剩余电量低于一定阈值时，发送休眠指令或低电池电压信号至所述电量计U1控制电源保护电路100断电，从而使得电源被动进入低功耗状态。所述电量计U1通过电量计的电源输入端POWER1另一方面，能够检测所述电池组B+的电池电压状态，在所述电池电压低于一定阈值时，输出低电平从而控制电源保护电路100断电，从而使得电源主动进入低功耗状态。
所述低压差线性稳压器U2还包括低压差线性稳压器的输入端IN，所述低 压差线性稳压器的输入端IN用于与所述电池组B+连接并获取电能。所述低压差线性稳压器U2还包括低压差线性稳压器的输出端OUT，用于输出所述电源电压。所述微处理器U3还包括微处理器的电源输入端POWER2，所述微处理器的电源输入端POWER2与所述低压差线性稳压器的输出端OUT连接。
在本发明实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2从所述低压差线性稳压器的输入端IN获取电能，并将输入的电池电压进行整流、滤波、降压之后，输出稳定的电源电压，所述电源电压用于为所述微处理器U3和所述电源保护电路100的其他电路模块供电。在本发明实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2稳定输出3V的直流低压为所述微处理器U3和所述电源保护电路100的其他电路模块供电。在其他的一些实施例中，所述低压差线性稳压器U2的降压能力等可根据实际情况进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
在一些实施例中，请参见图3，所述电源保护电路100还包括：第一滤波电路110、第二滤波电路120、分压电路130和第三滤波电路140。
所述第一滤波电路110连接在所述电池组B+和所述低压差线性稳压器的输入端IN之间。所述第二滤波电路120连接在所述低压差线性稳压器的输出端OUT和所述微控制器的电源输入端POWER2之间。所述分压电路130连接在所述电量计的输出端PBI和所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN之间。所述第三滤波电路140连接在所述分压电路130和所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN之间。
在本发明实施例中，所述电池组B+输出的电池电压经所述第一滤波电路110进行滤波后进入所述低压差线性稳压器U2，所述低压差线性稳压器U2将滤波后的电池电压进行降压整流后，再通过所述第二滤波电路120滤波后稳定输出电源电压，为所述微处理器U3和所述电源保护电路100的其他电路模块供电。所述电量计U1输出的电平信号经所述分压电路130调控电流并通过所述第三滤波电路140滤波后，输入所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN，控制所述低压差线性稳压器U2输出的电源电压的状态。
所述第一滤波电路110用于滤除电流中的杂波，从而使得所述低压差线性稳压器U2能够获取到平稳的电池电压。所述第二滤波电路120用于滤除电流中的杂波，从而使得所述微处理器U3和所述电源保护电路100需要其他用电的电路模块能够获取到平稳的电源电压。所述第三滤波电路140用于滤除电流中的杂波，从而使得所述低压差线性稳压器U2能够检测到精确的电平信号/电压信号。所述分压电路130用于调整电流大小，从而将所述电量计输出端PBI输出的电流信号的大小调整为所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN所能够检测的电流信号的大小。
具体地，所述第一滤波电路110、所述第二滤波电路120、所述分压电路130和所述第三滤波电路140各自具体采用的电子元件的型号及各自的电路连接方式、连接关系，所述第一滤波电路110与所述低压差线性稳压器U2的连 接方式，所述第二滤波电路120分别与所述低压差线性稳压器U2和所述微处理器U3的连接方式，所述分压电路130分别与所述电量计U1和所述低压差线性稳压器U2的连接方式，以及所述第三滤波电路140分别与所述分压电路130和所述低压差线性稳压器U2的连接方式可根据实际需要进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
在一些实施例中，请参见图4，图4是图3所示的电源保护电路100的具体电路图示意图。具体有：
所述第一滤波电路110包括：第一电阻R1和第一电容C1。其中，所述第一电阻R1连接在所述电池组B+和所述低压差线性稳压器的输入端IN之间。所述第一电容C1一端连接在所述第一电阻R1和所述低压差线性稳压器的输入端IN之间，所述第一电容C1的另一端接地。
所述第二滤波电路120包括：第二电容C2，所述第二电容C2一端连接在所述低压差线性稳压器的输出端OUT和所述微控制器的电源输入端POWER2之间，所述第二电容C2的另一端接地。
所述分压电路130包括：第二电阻R2和第三电阻R3。其中，所述第二电阻R2连接在所述电量计的输出端PBI和所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN之间。所述第三电阻R3一端连接在所述第二电阻R2和所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN之间，所述第三电阻R3的另一端接地。
所述第三滤波电路140包括：第三电容C3，所述第三电容C3一端连接在所述分压电路130和所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端EN之间，所述第三电容C3的另一端接地。
在其他的一些实施例中，所述第一电阻R1、所述第一电容C1、所述第二电容C2、所述第二电阻R2、所述第三电阻R3和所述第三电容C3的具体型号，所述第一电阻R1、所述第二电阻R2和所述第三电阻R3的电阻值大小，所述第一电容C1、所述第二电容C2和所述第三电容C3的电容值大小，可根据实际情况进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
实施例二
请参见图5，本发明实施例提供了一种电源200，所述电源200包括：电池组B+和如实施例一所述的电源保护电路100，所述电池组B+通过所述电源保护电路100提供稳定的电源电压，且在进入超低功耗模式时，所述电源保护电路100控制所述电池组B+断电。
所述电源200可以适用于各种设置有电源或电池的产品或电子设备等，例如，飞行器、汽车、终端设备(如手机、平板、可穿戴设备)、家用电器设备(如空调、冰箱)等等，以保证各种产品或电子设备的超低功耗的情况下能够断电，从而保证产品或电子设备的静态功耗处于较低水平，延长电源或电池的存储时间。
需要说明的是，由于本实施例中的电源保护电路100与实施例一提供的电源保护电路100基于相同的发明构思，因此，实施例一中电源保护电路100的相应内容同样适用于本实施例中电源保护电路100的相应内容，此处不再详述。
所述电池组B+可以包含一个或多个电池，所述电池组B+采用的电池可以为任何类型的电池，如锂电池、镉镍电池、镍氢电池、铅酸电池等等。并且该电池为由若干个单体电池(电芯)串联而成。电池采用若干个单体电池串联而成以便于满足各种用电设备的供电需求。例如，该电池包括有4个或4个以上的单体电池，该4个或4个以上的单体电池串联连接，以满足不同的供电需求。
在本发明实施例中，所述电池组B+作为电能来源，经过所述电源保护电路100后为所述电源保护电路100中的各个用电模块供电，以及为后续电子设备中除所述电源保护电路100外的其他用电模块供电。在其他的一些实施例中，所述电源200可以不是采用所述电池组B+作为电能来源，所述电池组B+可以替换为高压交流电源、低压交流电源、高压直流电源或者其他低压直流电源等。例如，还可以是市电，相应的，需要选择能够将市电电压转化为所述电源电压的低压差线性稳压器U2。在其他的一些实施例中，所述电池组B+的型号、电量大小、数量等可根据实际情况进行设置，所述电源200采用的电能来源可根据实际情况进行设置，不需要拘泥于本发明实施例的限定。
本发明实施例中提供了一种电源；所述电源通过设置所述电源保护电路在需要进入超低功耗模式时输出低电平，从而使得所述电池组经过所述电源保护电路输出的电源电压置零，从而控制电路断电，保护电源。
本发明实施例中提供了一种电源保护电路及电源；所述电源保护电路通过设置电量计在接收到休眠指令或低电池电压信号时输出低电平，从而使得低压差线性稳压器能够将输出的电源电压置零，从而控制断电，保护电源，减少电源电能损耗。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本发明的思路下，以上实施例或不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例中所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中区域技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例中技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电源保护电路，其特征在于，包括：
    电量计，包括电量计的输出端，所述电量计用于在获取休眠指令或低电池电压信号时将所述电量计的所述输出端置为低电平；
    低压差线性稳压器，用于输出稳定的电源电压，所述低压差线性稳压器包括低压差线性稳压器的控制端，所述低压差线性稳压器的控制端与所述电量计的所述输出端电连接，所述低压差线性稳压器用于在接收到所述低电平时将所述电源电压置零。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电源保护电路还包括：微处理器，用于输出所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号；
    所述微处理器和所述电量计均设置有通信端口，所述微处理器的通信端口与所述电量计的通信端口通信连接，用于传输所述休眠指令或低电池电压信号；
    所述低压差线性稳压器还包括低压差线性稳压器的输出端，用于输出所述电源电压；
    所述微处理器还包括微处理器的电源输入端，所述微处理器的电源所述输入端与所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输出端电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电量计还包括电量计的电源输入端，所述电量计的电源输入端用于连接电池组并获取所述电池组的电池电压；
    所述低压差线性稳压器还包括低压差线性稳压器的输入端，所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端用于连接所述电池组并获取所述电池组的电池电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电源保护电路还包括：第一滤波电路，所述第一滤波电路连接在所述电池组和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述第一滤波电路包括：
    第一电阻，所述第一电阻连接在所述电池组和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间；
    第一电容，所述第一电容一端连接在所述第一电阻和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输入端之间，所述第一电容的另一端接地。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电源保护电路还包括：第二滤波电路，所述第二滤波电路连接在所述低压差线性稳压器的所述输出端和所述微控制器的所述电源输入端之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述第二滤波电路包括：第二电容，所述第二电容一端连接在所述低压差 线性稳压器的所述输出端和所述微控制器的所述电源输入端之间，所述第二电容的另一端接地。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电源保护电路还包括：分压电路，所述分压电路连接在所述电量计的所述输出端和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述分压电路包括：
    第二电阻，所述第二电阻连接在所述电量计的所述输出端和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间；
    第三电阻，所述第三电阻一端连接在所述第二电阻和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间，所述第三电阻的另一端接地。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述电源保护电路还包括：第三滤波电路，所述第三滤波电路连接在所述分压电路和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电源保护电路，其特征在于，
    所述第三滤波电路包括：第三电容，所述第三电容一端连接在所述分压电路和所述低压差线性稳压器的所述控制端之间，所述第三电容的另一端接地。
  12. 一种电源，其特征在于，包括：电池组和如权利要求1-11任一项所述的电源保护电路，所述电池组通过所述电源保护电路提供稳定的电源电压，且在进入超低功耗模式时，所述电源保护电路控制所述电池组断电。
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