WO2020233677A1 - Process for preparing amide-substituted imidazo compounds - Google Patents
Process for preparing amide-substituted imidazo compounds Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020233677A1 WO2020233677A1 PCT/CN2020/091603 CN2020091603W WO2020233677A1 WO 2020233677 A1 WO2020233677 A1 WO 2020233677A1 CN 2020091603 W CN2020091603 W CN 2020091603W WO 2020233677 A1 WO2020233677 A1 WO 2020233677A1
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- 0 C*(C(C1)c2ccccc2CC1P1OC1)=C Chemical compound C*(C(C1)c2ccccc2CC1P1OC1)=C 0.000 description 7
- XDZXXZVCXUTECU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(CC1)CCC1c(c1c2)ccnc1ccc2F)C(O)=O Chemical compound CC(C(CC1)CCC1c(c1c2)ccnc1ccc2F)C(O)=O XDZXXZVCXUTECU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKYFTCYLCCMLIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(CC1)CCC1c1ccnc(cc2)c1cc2F)c1nc(ccc(C(O)=O)c2)c2[nH]1 Chemical compound CC(C(CC1)CCC1c1ccnc(cc2)c1cc2F)c1nc(ccc(C(O)=O)c2)c2[nH]1 LKYFTCYLCCMLIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNCMBOGCZRQFOM-ALOPSCKCSA-N CC([C@H](CC1)CC[C@H]1c(c1c2)ccnc1ccc2F)c1nc(ccc(C(NOC)=O)c2)c2[nH]1 Chemical compound CC([C@H](CC1)CC[C@H]1c(c1c2)ccnc1ccc2F)c1nc(ccc(C(NOC)=O)c2)c2[nH]1 LNCMBOGCZRQFOM-ALOPSCKCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVSMLBGFGKLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CCN(C)CC1 Chemical compound CC1CCN(C)CC1 TVSMLBGFGKLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQFDZAGKONBSOW-AYHJJNSGSA-N CCOC(c(cc1)cc2c1nc(C(C)[C@H](CC1)CC[C@H]1c1c(cc(cc3)F)c3ncc1)[nH]2)=O Chemical compound CCOC(c(cc1)cc2c1nc(C(C)[C@H](CC1)CC[C@H]1c1c(cc(cc3)F)c3ncc1)[nH]2)=O MQFDZAGKONBSOW-AYHJJNSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQLCYMZEJYNRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(c(cc1NC(C(C)C(CC2)CCC2c2ccnc(cc3)c2cc3F)=O)ccc1N)=O Chemical compound CCOC(c(cc1NC(C(C)C(CC2)CCC2c2ccnc(cc3)c2cc3F)=O)ccc1N)=O WQLCYMZEJYNRRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
Definitions
- Disclosed herein is the process for preparing amide-substituted imidazo compounds.
- the process for preparing certain amide-substituted imidazo compounds that are useful for inhibiting indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and for treating diseases or disorders mediated thereby.
- Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1, EC 1.13.11.42, also known as indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway that degrades the essential amino acid L-tryptophan (L-Trp) to N-formal-kynurenine, which can be subsequently metabolized through a series of steps to form NAD.
- IDO1 enzyme is expressed in the placenta, the mucosal and lymphoid tissues, and in inflammatory lesions (Yamazaki F, et. al., Biochem J. 1985; 230: 635-8; Blaschitz A, et. al., PLoS ONE.
- APC antigen-presenting cells
- DC dendritic cells
- IFN ⁇ interferon-gamma
- kynurenines a series of immunoregulatory metabolites
- IDO1 controls and fine-tunes both innate and adaptive immune responses [Grohmann U, et al. (2002) , Nature Immunology 3: 1097-1101] under a variety of conditions, including pregnancy [Munn DH, et al. (1998) , Science 281: 1191-1193] , transplantation [Palafox D, et al. (2010) , Transplantation Reviews 24: 160-165] , infection [Boasso A, et al. (2009) , Amino Acids 37: 89-89] , chronic inflammation [Romani L, et al.
- IDO immunosuppressive effect of IDO1 was demonstrated first in a mouse model of fetal protection against maternal immune rejection.
- IDO activity is shown to suppress T cells [Fallarino F, et. al., (2002) , Cell Death Differ 9: 1069-1077; Frumento G, et. al., (2002) , J Exp Med 196 (4) : 459-468; Terness P, et. al., (2002) , J Exp Med 196 (4) : 447-457] and NK cells [Della Chiesa M, et. al., (2006) , Blood 108 (13) : 4118-4125] , and also that IDO was critical to support the formation and activity of Tregs [Fallarino F, et.
- IDO inhibitor 1-MT
- IDO inhibition may also enhance the anti-tumor activity of conventional cytotoxic therapies [Muller AJ, et. al., Nat Med. 2005 Mar; 11 (3) : 312-9]
- IDO inhibitors can synergize with anti-CTLA-4 antibody or anti-PD L-1 antibody in inhibiting tumor growth in mouse models [Holmgaard RB, et. al., J Exp Med. 2013 Jul 1; 210 (7) : 1389-402; Spranger S, et. al., J Immunother Cancer. 2014, 2: 3] .
- IDO is induced chronically by HIV infection, and is further increased by opportunistic infections, and that the chronic loss of Trp initiates mechanisms responsible for cachexia, dementia and diarrhea and possibly immunosuppression of AIDS patients [Brown, et al., 1991, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 294: 425-35] .
- IDO inhibition can enhance the levels of virus-specific T cells and, concomitantly, reduce the number of virally infected macrophages in a mouse model of HIV [Portula et al., 2005, Blood, 106: 2382-90] .
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus is very similar to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and it is used to study the condition in animal models.
- HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- the level of virus in the blood, or ‘viral load’ is important because when the viral load is high, the disease progress and it depletes the patient’s immune system. This eventually leads to the onset of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) , where the patient cannot fight infections which would be innocuous in healthy individuals.
- AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- IDO Inhibitors of IDO can be used as effective cancer therapy as they could reverse the immunosuppressive effects of tumor microenvironment and activate anti-tumor activity of T cells. IDO inhibitors could also be useful in activation of immune responses in HIV infection. Inhibition of IDO may also be an important treatment strategy for patients with neurological or neuropsychiatric diseases or disorders such as depression.
- the compounds, compositions and methods herein help meet the current need for IDO modulators.
- TDO Tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase
- IDO1 Tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase
- TDO is primarily expressed in the liver in humans, where acts as the main regulator of systemic tryptophan levels. More recently, TDO was also found to be expressed in the brain, where it may regulate the production of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites such as kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid [Kanai M, et. al., Mol Brain 2009; 2: 8] .
- Two recent studies [Opitz CA, et. al., Nature 2011; 478: 197-203; Pilotte L, et. al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
- TDO activity in certain cancers where it is expressed constitutively (particularly malignant glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, and bladder cancer) .
- Functional studies in human tumors indicate that constitutive TDO enzymatic activity is sufficient to sustain biologically relevant tryptophan catabolism that is capable of suppressing antitumor immune responses [Opitz CA, et. al., Nature 2011; 478: 197-203; Pilotte L, et. al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012, 109 (7) : 2497-502] .
- TDO expression by tumors is reported to prevent rejection by immunized mice.
- TDO inhibitor A specific TDO inhibitor is shown to restore the ability of mice to reject TDO-expressing tumors without causing significant toxicity [Pilotte L, et. al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012, 109 (7) : 2497-502] . Therefore, inhibitors of TDO can potentially be used as a single agent or in combination with other anti-cancer therapies to treat a variety of human cancers.
- Small molecule inhibitors of IDO are being developed to treat or prevent IDO-related diseases such as those described above.
- PCT Publication WO 99/29310 reports methods for altering T cell-mediated immunity comprising altering local extracellular concentrations of tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites, using an inhibitor of IDO such as 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan, p- (3-benzofuranyl) -DL-alanine, p- [3-benzo (b) thienyl] -DL-alanine, and 6-nitro-L-tryptophan) (Munn, 1999) .
- an inhibitor of IDO such as 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan, p- (3-benzofuranyl) -DL-alanine, p- [3-benzo (b) thienyl] -DL-alanine, and 6-nitro-L-tryptophan
- IDO inhibitors exhibiting potent inhibitory activity for IDO as well as showing lower human plasma protein binding affinity.
- the inventors of the present invention found that substitution of an amide group at the imidazo compounds imparted potent IDO1 inhibitory activity and significantly lowered human plasma protein binding affinity of the amide-substituted imidazo compounds compared with the non-amide compounds.
- M is CH or N
- X is -CR 5 R 6 -;
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; or (R 5 and R 6 ) , and/or (R 5 and Y) , together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a fused C 3-8 cycloalkyl ring, and said ring is optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl and C 1-4 alkyl;
- Y and Z are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or Z and Y, together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a bridged cyclic or heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with a substituent selected from halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkyl and C 1- 4 alkoxy;
- Ring A is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring, each having 5-to 10-ring members; and Ring A is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 7 as long as valence and stability permit;
- E 1 , E 3 and E 4 are each independently selected from CR 3 ;
- R 3 is each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, -C (O) NR 1 R 2 , nitro, -C (O) OR 1 , -C (O) R 1 , -OR 1 , -SR 1 , -NR 1 R 2 , -SO 2 R 1 , -SO 2 NR 1 R 2 , -SOR 1 , -NR 1 SO 2 R 2 , -NR 1 SOR 2 , -NR 1 C (O) OR 2 or -NR 1 C (O) R 2 , wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1- 8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl,
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 , or R 1 and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a ring comprising 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 additional heteroatoms selected from -NH, -O-, -S-, -SO-or -SO 2 -, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 10 ;
- R 7 is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 ;
- A-1 is converted into the amide A-3a through coupling with A-2;
- ester A-4a can be hydrolyzed into acid A-5a through basic condition
- a or “an” entity refers to one or more of that entity.
- a compound refers to one or more compounds or at least one compound.
- ...substituted with a substituent means that one or more substituents are substituted as long as valence and stability permit.
- the terms “a” (or “an” ) , “one or more” , and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein.
- alkyl herein refers to a hydrocarbon group selected from linear and branched saturated hydrocarbon groups comprising from 1 to 18, such as from 1 to 12, further such as from 1 to 10, more further such as from 1 to 8, or from 1 to 6, or from 1 to 4, carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms include, but not limited to methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl or n-propyl ( “n-Pr” ) , 2-propyl or isopropyl ( “i-Pr” ) , 1-butyl or n-butyl ( “n-Bu” ) , 2-methyl-1-propyl or isobutyl ( “i-Bu” ) , 1-methylpropyl or s-butyl ( “s-Bu” ) , 1, 1-dimethylethyl or t-butyl ( “t-Bu” ) , 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl
- alkyloxy herein refers to an alkyl group as defined above bonded to oxygen, represented by -Oalkyl.
- alkyloxy e.g., C 1-6 alkyloxy or C 1-4 alkyloxy includes, but not limited to, methoxy, ethoxyl, isopropoxy, propoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy and hexoxy and the like.
- haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen is/are replaced by one or more halogen atoms such as fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.
- haloalkyl include C 1-6 haloalkyl or C 1-4 haloalkyl, but not limited to F 3 C-, ClCH 2 -, CF 3 CH 2 -, CF 3 CCl 2 -, and the like.
- alkenyl group e.g., C 2-6 alkenyl
- examples of the alkenyl group, e.g., C 2-6 alkenyl include, but not limited to ethenyl or vinyl, prop-1-enyl, prop-2-enyl, 2-methylprop-1-enyl, but-1-enyl, but-2-enyl, but-3-enyl, buta-1, 3-dienyl, 2-methylbuta-1, 3-dienyl, hex-1-enyl, hex-2-enyl, hex-3-enyl, hex-4-enyl, and hexa-1, 3-dienyl groups.
- alkynyl herein refers to a hydrocarbon group selected from linear and branched hydrocarbon group, comprising at least one C ⁇ C triple bond and from 2 to 18, such as 2 to 8, further such as from 2 to 6, carbon atoms.
- alkynyl group e.g., C 2-6 alkynyl
- examples of the alkynyl group, e.g., C 2-6 alkynyl include, but not limited to ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl (propargyl) , 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, and 3-butynyl groups.
- cycloalkyl refers to a hydrocarbon group selected from saturated and partially unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, comprising monocyclic and polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic and tricyclic) groups.
- the cycloalkyl group may comprise from 3 to 12, such as from 3 to 10, further such as 3 to 8, further such as 3 to 6, 3 to 5, or 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the cycloalkyl group may be selected from monocyclic group comprising from 3 to 12, such as from 3 to 10, further such as 3 to 8, 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the monocyclic cycloalkyl group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, 1-cyclopent-1-enyl, 1-cyclopent-2-enyl, 1-cyclopent-3-enyl, cyclohexyl, 1-cyclohex-1-enyl, 1-cyclohex-2-enyl, 1-cyclohex-3-enyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, cycloundecyl, and cyclododecyl groups.
- saturated monocyclic cycloalkyl group e.g., C 3-8 cycloalkyl
- saturated monocyclic cycloalkyl group include, but not limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl groups.
- bicyclic cycloalkyl groups include those having from 7 to 12 ring atoms arranged as a bicyclic ring selected from [4, 4] , [4, 5] , [5, 5] , [5, 6] and [6, 6] ring systems, or as a bridged bicyclic ring selected from bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, bicyclo [2.2.2] octane, and bicyclo [3.2.2] nonane.
- the bicyclic cycloalkyl groups include those arranged as a bicyclic ring selected from [5, 6] and [6, 6] ring systems, such as wherein the wavy lines indicate the points of attachment.
- the ring may be saturated or have at least one double bond (i.e. partially unsaturated) , but is not fully conjugated, and is not aromatic, as aromatic is defined herein.
- aryl used alone or in combination with other terms refers to a group selected from:
- bicyclic ring systems such as 7 to 12 membered bicyclic ring systems wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, selected, for example, from naphthalene, and indane; and
- tricyclic ring systems such as 10 to 15 membered tricyclic ring systems wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, for example, fluorene.
- a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring has 5 to 10 ring-forming carbon atoms (i.e., C 5-10 aryl) .
- Examples of a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring includes, for example, but not limited to, phenyl, naphth-1-yl, naphth-2-yl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl rings, and the like.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is a naphthalene ring (naphth-1-yl or naphth-2-yl) or phenyl ring.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is a phenyl ring.
- halogen or halo refers to F, Cl, Br or I.
- heteroaryl herein refers to a group selected from:
- 5-to 7-membered aromatic, monocyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, heteroatoms, selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon;
- 8-to 12-membered bicyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, or, in other embodiments, 1 or 2, heteroatoms, selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one ring is aromatic and at least one heteroatom is present in the aromatic ring; and
- 11-to 14-membered tricyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, or, in other embodiments, 1 or 2, heteroatoms, selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one ring is aromatic and at least one heteroatom is present in an aromatic ring.
- the total number of S and O atoms in the heteroaryl group exceeds 1, those heteroatoms are not adjacent to one another. In some embodiments, the total number of S and O atoms in the heteroaryl group is not more than 2. In some embodiments, the total number of S and O atoms in the aromatic heterocycle is not more than 1.
- the heteroaryl group contains more than one heteroatom ring member, the heteroatoms may be the same or different. The nitrogen atoms in the ring (s) of the heteroaryl group can be oxidized to form N-oxides.
- a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring has 5-to 10-ring forming members with 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen and the remaining ring members being carbon.
- the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is a monocyclic or bicyclic ring comprising 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen.
- the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is a 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl ring, which is monocyclic and which has 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. In some embodiments, the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is a 8-to 10-membered heteroaryl ring, which is bicyclic and which has 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen.
- heteroaryl group or the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include, but are not limited to, (as numbered from the linkage position assigned priority 1) pyridyl (such as 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, or 4-pyridyl) , cinnolinyl, pyrazinyl, 2, 4-pyrimidinyl, 3, 5-pyrimidinyl, 2, 4-imidazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl (such as 1, 2, 3-thiadiazolyl, 1, 2, 4-thiadiazolyl, or 1, 3, 4-thiadiazolyl) , tetrazolyl, thienyl (such as thien-2-yl, thien-3-yl) , triazinyl, benzothienyl, furyl or furanyl, benzofuryl, benzoimidazo
- heterocyclic or “heterocycle” or “heterocyclyl” herein refers to a ring selected from 4-to 12-membered monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic, saturated and partially unsaturated rings comprising at least one carbon atoms in addition to at least one heteroatom, such as from 1-4 heteroatoms, further such as from 1-3, or further such as 1 or 2 heteroatoms, selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen.
- a heterocyclyl group is 4-to 7-membered monocyclic ring with one heteroatom selected from N, O and S.
- Heterocycle herein also refers to a 5-to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, and S fused with 5-, 6-, and /or 7-membered cycloalkyl, carbocyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, provided that the point of attachment is at the heterocyclic ring when the heterocyclic ring is fused with a carbocyclic aromatic or a heteroaromatic ring, and that the point of attachment can be at the cycloalkyl or heterocyclic ring when the heterocyclic ring is fused with cycloalkyl.
- Heterocycle herein also refers to an aliphatic spirocyclic ring comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, and S, provided that the point of attachment is at the heterocyclic ring.
- the rings may be saturated or have at least one double bond (i.e. partially unsaturated) .
- the heterocycle may be substituted with oxo.
- the point of the attachment may be carbon or heteroatom in the heterocyclic ring.
- a heterocycle is not a heteroaryl as defined herein.
- heterocycle examples include, but not limited to, (as numbered from the linkage position assigned priority 1) 1-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 2, 4-imidazolidinyl, 2, 3-pyrazolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl, 2, 5-piperazinyl, pyranyl, 2-morpholinyl, 3-morpholinyl, oxiranyl, aziridinyl, thiiranyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, 1, 2-dithietanyl, 1, 3-dithietanyl, dihydropyridinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, homopiperidinyl, azepanyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, 1,
- a substituted heterocycle also includes a ring system substituted with one or more oxo moieties, such as piperidinyl N-oxide, morpholinyl-N-oxide, 1-oxo-1-thiomorpholinyl and 1, 1-dioxo-1-thiomorpholinyl.
- oxo moieties such as piperidinyl N-oxide, morpholinyl-N-oxide, 1-oxo-1-thiomorpholinyl and 1, 1-dioxo-1-thiomorpholinyl.
- fused ring refers to a polycyclic ring system, e.g., a bicyclic or tricyclic ring system, in which two rings share only two ring atoms and one bond in common.
- fused rings may comprise a fused bicyclic cycloalkyl ring such as those having from 7 to 12 ring atoms arranged as a bicyclic ring selected from [4, 4] , [4, 5] , [5, 5] , [5, 6] and [6, 6] ring systems as mentioned above; a fused bicyclic aryl ring such as 7 to 12 membered bicyclic aryl ring systems as mentioned above, a fused tricyclic aryl ring such as 10 to 15 membered tricyclic aryl ring systems mentioned above; a fused bicyclic heteroaryl ring such as 8-to 12-membered bicyclic heteroaryl rings as mentioned above, a fused tricyclic heteroaryl ring such as 11-to 14
- Compounds disclosed herein may contain an asymmetric center and may thus exist as enantiomers. Where the compounds disclosed herein possess two or more asymmetric centers, they may additionally exist as diastereomers. Enantiomers and diastereomers fall within the broader class of stereoisomers. All such possible stereoisomers as substantially pure resolved enantiomers, racemic mixtures thereof, as well as mixtures of diastereomers are intended to be included. All stereoisomers of the compounds disclosed herein and /or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are intended to be included. Unless specifically mentioned otherwise, reference to one isomer applies to any of the possible isomers. Whenever the isomeric composition is unspecified, all possible isomers are included.
- the term “substantially pure” as used herein means that the target stereoisomer contains no more than 35%, such as no more than 30%, further such as no more than 25%, even further such as no more than 20%, by weight of any other stereoisomer (s) . In some embodiments, the term “substantially pure” means that the target stereoisomer contains no more than 10%, for example, no more than 5%, such as no more than 1%, by weight of any other stereoisomer (s) .
- keto and enol forms are also intended to be included where applicable.
- reaction products from one another and /or from starting materials.
- the desired products of each step or series of steps is separated and /or purified (hereinafter separated) to the desired degree of homogeneity by the techniques common in the art.
- separations involve multiphase extraction, crystallization from a solvent or solvent mixture, distillation, sublimation, or chromatography.
- Chromatography can involve any number of methods including, for example: reverse-phase and normal phase; size exclusion; ion exchange; high, medium and low pressure liquid chromatography methods and apparatus; small scale analytical; simulated moving bed ( "SMB” ) and preparative thin or thick layer chromatography, as well as techniques of small scale thin layer and flash chromatography.
- SMB simulated moving bed
- Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as by chromatography and /or fractional crystallization.
- Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or MosheR a s acid chloride) , separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereoisomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers.
- an appropriate optically active compound e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or MosheR a s acid chloride
- Enantiomers can also be separated by use of a chiral HPLC column.
- a single stereoisomer e.g., a substantially pure enantiomer
- Racemic mixtures of chiral compounds of the invention can be separated and isolated by any suitable method, including: (1) formation of ionic, diastereomeric salts with chiral compounds and separation by fractional crystallization or other methods, (2) formation of diastereomeric compounds with chiral derivatizing reagents, separation of the diastereomers, and conversion to the pure stereoisomers, and (3) separation of the substantially pure or enriched stereoisomers directly under chiral conditions. See: Wainer, Irving W., Ed. Drug Stereochemistry: Analytical Methods and Pharmacology. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1993.
- “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to those salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, and are commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds disclosed herein, or separately by reacting the free base function with a suitable organic acid or by reacting the acidic group with a suitable base.
- the free base can be obtained by basifying a solution of the acid salt.
- an addition salt such as a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, may be produced by dissolving the free base in a suitable organic solvent and treating the solution with an acid, in accordance with conventional procedures for preparing acid addition salts from base compounds.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof include salts of at least one compound of Formula (I) , and salts of the stereoisomers of at least one compound of Formula (I) , such as salts of enantiomers, and /or salts of diastereomers.
- Treating refers to administering at least one compound and /or at least one stereoisomer thereof, and /or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof disclosed herein to a subject in recognized need thereof that has, for example, cancer.
- the term "effective amount” refers to an amount of at least one compound and /or at least one stereoisomer thereof, and /or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof disclosed herein effective to "treat” as defined above, a disease or disorder in a subject.
- at least one substituent disclosed herein includes, for example, from 1 to 4, such as from 1 to 3, further as 1 or 2, substituents, provided that valence and stability permit.
- At least one substituent R 7 disclosed herein includes from 1 to 4, such as from 1 to 3, further as 1 or 2, substituents selected from the list of R 7 as disclosed herein; and “at least one substituent R 10 ” disclosed herein includes from 1 to 4, such as from 1 to 3, further as 1 or 2, substituents selected from the list of R 10 as disclosed herein.
- M is CH or N
- X is -CR 5 R 6 -;
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; or (R 5 and R 6 ) , and/or (R 5 and Y) , together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a fused C 3-8 cycloalkyl ring, and said ring is optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl and C 1-4 alkyl;
- Y and Z are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or Z and Y, together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a bridged cyclic or heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with a substituent selected from halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkyl and C 1- 4 alkoxy;
- Ring A is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring, each having 5-to 10-ring members; and Ring A is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 7 as long as valence and stability permit;
- E 1 , E 3 and E 4 are each independently selected from CR 3 ;
- R 3 is each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl , heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, -C (O) NR 1 R 2 , nitro, -C (O) OR 1 , -C (O) R 1 , -OR 1 , -SR 1 , -NR 1 R 2 , -SO 2 R 1 , -SO 2 NR 1 R 2 , -SOR 1 , -NR 1 SO 2 R 2 , -NR 1 SOR 2 , -NR 1 C (O) OR 2 or -NR 1 C (O) R 2 , wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1- 8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 , or R 1 and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a ring comprising 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 additional heteroatoms selected from -NH, -O-, -S-, -SO-or -SO 2 -, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 10 ;
- R 7 is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 ;
- A-1 is converted into the amide A-3a through coupling with A-2;
- ester A-4a can be hydrolyzed into acid A-5a through basic condition
- M is CH.
- Z and Y are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
- Z and Y together with the atoms to which they are attached form a bridged bicyclic ring optionally substituted with a substituent selected from halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkyl and C 1-4 alkoxy.
- Z and Y, together with the atoms to which they are attached form a bridged bicyclic ring selected from bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl (e.g., bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl) , born-2-yl, bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl, bicyclo [3.2.1] octyl, bicyclo [3.3.1] nonyl, or bicyclo [3.3.2. ] decyl. More preferably, the bridged bicyclic ring is bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl or bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl.
- the moiety is wherein *indicates a link to the ring A, and **indicates a link to X.
- R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl
- R 6 is hydrogen
- R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl, and R 6 is hydrogen, and the moiety is wherein *indicates a link to the ring A, and **indicates a link to X.
- R 5 is methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, or cyclopropyl, and R 6 is hydrogen.
- ring A is phenyl or naphthalenyl ring. In some embodiment, ring A is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5-to 10-ring members comprising 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N.
- ring A is a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5-to 6-ring members comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N.
- ring A is pyridinyl, furanyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, triazinyl, or pyrazolyl.
- ring A is pyridinyl or furanyl.
- ring A is a bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring having 8-to 10-ring members comprising 1 or 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N.
- ring A is cinnolinyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, benzoimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, benzodioxolyl, benzoxazolyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, furopyridinyl, benzothiazolyl, or indazolyl.
- ring A is benzothiophenyl (such as benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl, benzo [b] thiophen-3-yl, benzo [b] thiophen-5-yl, or benzo [b] thiophen-6-yl) or quinolinyl (such as quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, quinolin-4-yl, quinolin-5-yl, quinolin-6-yl, quinolin-7-yl, quinolin-8-yl) or benzodioxolyl (such as benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) .
- quinolinyl such as quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, quinolin-4-yl, quinolin-5-yl, quinolin-6-yl, quinolin-7-yl, quinolin-8-yl
- benzodioxolyl such as benzo [d] [1,
- ring A is optionally substituted with one substituent R 7 which is independently hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
- R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
- ring A is quinolinyl (such as quinolin-2-yl, quinolin-3-yl, quinolin-4-yl, quinolin-5-yl, quinolin-6-yl, quinolin-7-yl, quinolin-8-yl) optionally substituted with halogen or C 1-8 haloalkyl. More preferably, ring A is 6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl or 8-fluoro-quinolin-5-yl.
- R 3 is halogen, or C 1-8 alkyl (more preferably methyl, ethyl) .
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl (more preferably methyl, ethyl) , C 3-8 cycloalkyl (more preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl) , aryl (e.g., phenyl) , heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, or aryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 , or R 1 and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered saturated ring comprising 0 additional heteroatom, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 10 ; preferably, R 1 and R 2 , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form azetidin-1-yl, azetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-
- R 1 is hydrogen and R 2 are C 3-8 cycloalkyl (more preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl) , or aryl (e.g., phenyl) , wherein said C 3-8 cycloalkyl, or aryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 , wherein R 10 is -OR a , and R a is H, C 1-4 haloalkyl, or C 1-4 alkyl.
- R 1 is hydrogen and R 2 are C 1-8 alkyl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 , wherein R 10 is C 3-8 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, said C 3-8 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl is each independently optionally substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkyloxy, C 1-4 haloalkyl, and C 1-4 haloalkyloxy.
- R 1 and R 2 independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl, C 1-8 alkyloxy, heterocyclyl , wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, aryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10 .
- R 1 and R 10 are independently selected from C 1-8 alkyl, C 1-8 alkyloxy, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 1-8 alkyloxy, C 3-8 cycloalkyl are each independently optionally substituted with halo, hydroxyl, C 1-4 alkyl.
- R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
- R 2 is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, methoxyethyl, hydroxycyclobutylmethyl, oxetanyl.
- the compound of Formula (Ic) is a compound of Formulas (Ia) :
- the compound of Formula (Ic) is a compound of Formula (Ib) :
- R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl;
- R 7 is halogen, R 1 , R 2 , E 1 , E 3 and E 4 are defined as for Formula (Ic) .
- the compound disclosed herein has one of the following configurations:
- R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, or C 3-6 cycloalkyl; R 7 is halogen.
- R 1 , R 2 , E 1 , E 3 and E 4 are defined as for Formula (Ic) .
- Also disclosed herein is a compound selected from the group consisting of:
- Compounds of Formula (Ic) including formulas (Ia) , (Ib) , (Ib-1) - (Ib-2) , (Ib-3) , (Ib-4) may be prepared by the exemplary processes described in the working Examples, as well as relevant published literature procedures that are used by one skilled in the art. Exemplary reagents and procedures for these reactions appear hereinafter and in the working Examples. Protection and deprotection in the processes below may be carried out by procedures generally known in the art (see, for example, Greene, T. W. et al., eds., Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3 rd Edition, Wiley (1999) ) .
- Compounds Ic can be prepared by a procedure depicted in Scheme A.
- the starting acid A-1 is converted into the amide A-3a through coupling with A-2.
- the amide A-3a can be cyclized into the A-4a by treatment with hot acetic acid.
- the ester A-4a can be hydrolyzed into acid A-5a through basic condition.
- the acid A-5a is converted into the final amide-substituted imidazo compounds Ic.
- Compounds Ic can be prepared by a procedure depicted in Scheme B.
- the starting acid B-1 is converted into the amide B-3a through coupling with B-2.
- the amide B-3a can be cyclized into B-4a by treatment with POPh 3 and Tf 2 O.
- the ester B-4a can be hydrolyzed into acid B-5a through basic condition.
- the acid B-5a is converted into the final amide-substituted imidazo compounds Ic.
- reaction flasks were fitted with rubber septa for the introduction of substrates and reagents via syringe; and glassware was oven dried and /or heat dried.
- column chromatography purification was conducted on a Biotage system (Manufacturer: Dyax Corporation) having a silica gel column or on a silica SepPak cartridge (Waters) , or was conducted on a Teledyne Isco Combiflash purification system using prepacked silica gel cartridges.
- 1 H NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian instrument operating at 400 MHz. 1 H-NMR spectra were obtained using CDCl 3 , CD 2 Cl 2 , CD 3 OD, D 2 O, d 6 -DMSO, d 6 -acetone or (CD 3 ) 2 CO as solvent and tetramethylsilane (0.00 ppm) or residual solvent (CDCl 3 : 7.25 ppm; CD 3 OD: 3.31 ppm; D 2 O: 4.79 ppm; d 6 -DMSO: 2.50 ppm; d 6 -acetone: 2.05; (CD 3 ) 2 CO: 2.05) as the reference standard.
- Example 1 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N-methyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide
- Step 1 ethyl 2- (4- ( ( (trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl) oxy) cyclohex-3-en-1-yl) acetate
- Step 2 ethyl 2- (4- (4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) cyclohex-3-en-1- yl) acetate
- Step 3 ethyl 2- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohex-3-en-1-yl) acetate
- Step 4 ethyl 2- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) acetate
- Step 5 2- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) acetic acid
- Step 6 (R) -3- (2- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) acetyl) -4-phenyloxazolidin-2-one
- Flask #awas then cooled to -78 °C and the contents of Flask#b were added to Flask#avia a cannula over the course of 15 minutes. After addition was completed, the cold bath was removed, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride solution (500ml) and extracted with EA (500 ml ⁇ 3) . The organic layers were combined, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated to dryness.
- Step 7 (R) -3- ( (R) -2- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) propanoyl) -4- phenyloxazolidin-2-one
- Step 8 (R) -2- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) propanoic acid
- Step 9 3-amino-4- (2- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) propanamido) -N- methylbenzamide
- Step 10 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N-methyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide
- Example 2 (Compound 2) was prepared in a procedure similar to Example 1
- Step 1a and 1b 4-amino-N-cyclobutyl-3- (2- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4- yl) cyclohexyl) propanamido) benzamide
- Step 2 N-cyclobutyl-2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxamide
- Step 3 N-cyclohexyl-2- ( (R) -1- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxamide
- Example 6 (Compound 6 ) was prepared in a procedure similar to Example 5
- Example 7 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N-methoxy-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxamide
- Step 1a and 1b Ethyl 4-amino-3- (2- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) - propanamido) benzoate
- Step 2 Ethyl 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxylate
- Step 3 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] -imidazole- 6-carboxylic acid
- Step 4 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N-methoxy-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxamide
- Example 8 to 10b (Compounds 8 to 10b) were prepared in a procedure similar to Example 7
- Example 8 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N, N-dimethyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide
- Step 5 methyl 3, 4-diamino-5-methylbenzoate.
- Step 6 methyl 4-amino-3- (2- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) propanamido) - 5-methylbenzoate
- Step 7 methyl 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -7-methyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylate
- Step 3 2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -7-methyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylic acid
- Step 8 N-cyclobutyl-2- (1- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -7-methyl- 1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide
- Examples 10a and 10b N-cyclobutyl-2- ( (R) -1- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4- yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -7-methyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide and N-cyclobutyl-2- ( (S) -1- ( (1s, 4R) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -7-methyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5- carboxamide
- Step 1 2- (1- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole-6- carboxylic acid
- Step 2 2- (1- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -N- (oxetan-3-yl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-6-carboxamide
- Step 1 Methyl6-fluoro-2- (1- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylate
- Step 2 6-fluoro-2- (1- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole- 5-carboxylic acid
- Step 3 N-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-2- (1- (4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H- benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxamide
- Example 27a and 27b (Comparative Example 1) : 4- ( (1R, 4s) -4- ( (S) -1- (5, 6- difluoro-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) -6-fluoroquinoline and 4- ( (1S, 4s) -4- ( (R) -1- (5, 6-difluoro-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) -6-fluoroquinoline
- Step 1 4- ( (1s, 4s) -4- (1- (5, 6-difluoro-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) -6- fluoroquinoline
- Step 2 4- ( (1R, 4s) -4- ( (S) -1- (5, 6-difluoro-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) - 6-fluoroquinoline and 4- ( (1S, 4s) -4- ( (R) -1- (5, 6-difluoro-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2- yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) -6-fluoroquinoline
- Examples 28a and Example 29 were synthesized with similar procedure with example 27a and 27b.
- Example 28a and 28b (Comparative Example 2) : methyl 2- ( (S) -1- ( (1s, 4R) -4- (6- fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylate and methyl 2- ( (R) -1- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylate and methyl 2- ( (R) -1- ( (1s, 4S) -4- (6-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) cyclohexyl) ethyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole-5-carboxylate
- Example 29 (Comparative Example 2) : 6-fluoro-4- ( (1S, 4s) -4- ( (R) -1- (4, 5, 6-trifluoro- 1H-benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl) ethyl) cyclohexyl) quinoline
- Example F Biological assays
- the inhibitory activity of IDO1 inhibitors is determined by using a colorimetric reaction to measure Kyn generated from L-Trp (L-Tryptophon) oxidation by cellular IDO1 in HeLa cells after induction of IDO1expression by IFN- ⁇ .
- Hela cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and recovered in 10%FBS-containing phenol red-free DMEM medium. Cells were plated onto a 96-well plate (100 ⁇ l/well) at 8000 cells per well and kept at 37 °C in a humidified incubator supplied with 5%CO 2 .4 hours later, Human recombinant IFN- ⁇ (8901SC, CST) was added to cells (final concentration 100 ng/mL) to stimulate endogenous IDO1.
- the bound (fb) and unbound (fu) fractions of test compound will be determined in vitro by equilibrium dialysis approach, using a 96-well dialysis device (HT Dialysis, Gales Ferry, CT, USA) .
- the equilibrium dialysis will be conducted in duplicate.
- a hundred and fifty ⁇ L of 50%plasma spiked with the test compound (final concentration of 5 ⁇ M) will be added into the donor side and 150 ⁇ L of Phosphate Buffer (PB ) (0.002%Tween-80) into the corresponding receiving side.
- PB Phosphate Buffer
- the device will be then sealed with adhesive film and shook at 80 rpm in the water bath at 37°C for 6 h.
- 10 ⁇ L plasma sample will be transferred from the donor side into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube, added with 90 ⁇ L PB (0.002%Tween-80) , vortexed well and proteins precipitated by acetonitrile containing internal standard (IS) .
- PB 0.002%Tween-80
- IS internal standard
- 10 ⁇ L of the donor side loading samples will be aliquoted into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube (in duplicate) , added with 90 ⁇ L PB (0.002%Tween-80) , vortexed well and proteins precipitated by acetonitrile containing IS.
- 10 ⁇ L of the donor side loading samples will be aliquoted into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube (in duplicate) , incubated in the water bath at 37 °C for 6 h, added with 90 ⁇ L PB (0.002%Tween-80) solution at the end of the incubation, vortexed well and proteins precipitated by acetonitrile containing IS.
- PB 0.002%Tween-80
- the unbound fraction (fu) of the test compound and positive control compounds in 50%plasma will be calculated using the following equations.
- C R is the area ratio of the test compounds to the IS in the receiving side
- C D is the area ratio of the test compound to the IS in the corresponding donor side
- D is the dilution factor of plasma.
- Table 1 Cellular activity data EC 50 s (Hela Cell-Based IDO1 and Plasma Protein Binding) of 1H-benzo [d] imidazol
- the representative compounds disclosed herein exhibited of inhibiting Hela Cell-Based IDO1 with EC 50 values ranging less than 10000 nM.
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Abstract
Description
Ex. No. | Cell-Based EC 50 (nM) | Plasma Protein Binding assay (fu%) |
Hela IDO1 | Human | |
1 | 64.1 | |
2 | 50.6 | |
3 | 74.5 | |
4 | 26.9 | 0.20 |
5 | 38.8 | |
6 | 40.2 | |
7 | 470.3 | |
8 | 46.1 | |
9 | 12.6 | |
10 | 27.1 | |
10a | 787.9 | |
10b | 17.1 | |
11 | 84.1 | |
12 | 958.9 | |
13 | 62.9 | |
14 | 14.4 | |
15 | 86.7 | |
16 | >1000 | |
17 | >1000 | |
18 | 122.3 | |
19 | 193.2 | |
20 | 6.9 | |
21 | 8.9 | |
27b | 0.42 | 0.034 |
28b | 0.55 | 0.067 |
29 | 0.85 | 0.02 |
Claims (10)
- A process for preparing a compound of Formula (Ic) :wherein:M is CH or N;X is -CR 5R 6-;R 5 and R 6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-4alkyl, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4alkoxy, or C 3-6cycloalkyl; or (R 5 and R 6) , and/or (R 5 and Y) , together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a fused C 3-8cycloalkyl ring, and said ring is optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl and C 1-4 alkyl;Y and Z are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or Z and Y, together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a bridged cyclic or heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with a substituent selected from halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkyl and C 1- 4alkoxy;Ring A is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring, each having 5-to 10-ring members; and Ring A is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 7 as long as valence and stability permit;E 1, E 3 and E 4 are each independently selected from CR 3;R 3 is each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl , heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, -C (O) NR 1R 2, nitro, -C (O) OR 1, -C (O) R 1, -OR 1, -SR 1, -NR 1R 2, -SO 2R 1, -SO 2NR 1R 2, -SOR 1, -NR 1SO 2R 2, -NR 1SOR 2, -NR 1C (O) OR 2 or -NR 1C (O) R 2, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1- 8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10;R 1 and R 2 are each independently H, C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10, or R 1 and R 2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a ring comprising 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 additional heteroatoms selected from -NH, -O-, -S-, -SO-or -SO 2-, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R 10;R 7 is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents R 10;R 10, at each occurrence, is independently hydrogen, halogen, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 1-8 alkyl, C 2-8 alkenyl, C 2-8 alkynyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, oxo, -C 1-4 alkyl-NR aR b, -CN, -OR a, -NR aR b, -C (O) R a, -C (O) OR a, -CONR aR b, -C (=NR a) NR bR c, nitro, -NR aC (O) R b, -NR aC (O) NR aR b, -NR aC (O) OR b, -SO 2R a, -NR aSO 2NR bR c, -NR aSOR b or -NR aSO 2R b, wherein said C 1-8 alkyl, C 1-8 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl group are each independently optionally substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkyloxy, C 1-4 haloalkyl, and C 1-4 haloalkyloxy, wherein R a, R b, and R c are each independently selected from H, C 1-4 haloalkyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 2-4 alkenyl, C 2-4 alkynyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl and C 1-4 alkyl, or (R a and R b) , and /or (R b and R c) together with the atom (s) to which they are attached, form a ring selected from a heterocyclyl or heteroaryl ring optionally substituted by halogen, C 1-4 haloalkyl or C 1-4 alkyl;comprising the procedures:(1) A-1 is converted into the amide A-3a through coupling with A-2;(2) The amide A-3a is cyclized into the A-4a by treatment with hot acetic acid;(3) The ester A-4a can be hydrolyzed into acid A-5a through basic condition;(4) The acid A-5a is converted into the compound of Formula (Ic)
- The process of claim 1, wherein M is CH.
- The process of claim 1 or 2, wherein R 5 is C 1-4alkyl, C 1-4haloalkyl, C 1-4alkoxy, or C 3- 6cycloalkyl, and R 6 is hydrogen.
- The process of claim 1 or 2, whereinR 5 is methyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, or cyclopropyl, and R 6 is hydrogen.
- The process of claim 8, wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl, R 2 is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, methoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, methoxyethyl, hydroxycyclobutylmethyl, oxetanyl.
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WO2018039512A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and methods of their use |
CN109574988A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 成都海博锐药业有限公司 | A kind of compound and application thereof |
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WO2016180472A1 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Kancera Ab | Benzimidazole derivates useful as inhibitors of mammalian histone deacetylase activity |
WO2018039512A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and methods of their use |
WO2019101188A1 (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2019-05-31 | Beigene, Ltd. | Novel benzoimidazoles as selective inhibitors of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenases |
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