WO2020229633A1 - Improved device for heating exhaust gas - Google Patents

Improved device for heating exhaust gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020229633A1
WO2020229633A1 PCT/EP2020/063543 EP2020063543W WO2020229633A1 WO 2020229633 A1 WO2020229633 A1 WO 2020229633A1 EP 2020063543 W EP2020063543 W EP 2020063543W WO 2020229633 A1 WO2020229633 A1 WO 2020229633A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grid
contour
heating device
electrode
grids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/063543
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Guillaume Aufranc
Xavier Bartolo
Christophe Tournier
Original Assignee
Faurecia Systemes D'echappement
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Publication date
Application filed by Faurecia Systemes D'echappement filed Critical Faurecia Systemes D'echappement
Publication of WO2020229633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020229633A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust gas heater, in particular for a combustion engine.
  • a heating device is intended to heat the exhaust gases and a catalyst, in order to optimize the catalytic conversion of the polluting gases, in a moving vehicle, such as a motor vehicle, a truck, a ship, or in a stationary engine such as for example a generator.
  • the exhaust lines of vehicles equipped with heat engines typically include catalytic purification units, for example making it possible to convert NOx, CO and hydrocarbons into N2, C02 and H20.
  • catalytic purification units for example making it possible to convert NOx, CO and hydrocarbons into N2, C02 and H20.
  • Such organs are only effective when the catalytic material is at a minimum temperature.
  • purification devices have been developed incorporating a heating device mounted opposite the upstream face of a purification member, so as to heat the purification member in an accelerated manner when starting the vehicle.
  • the invention relates to a heating device of the type comprising a grid and power supply means connected to the grid for passing an electric current through this grid.
  • the aim of the invention is in particular to improve such a heating device, in particular by reducing its ignition time.
  • the invention relates in particular to a device for heating the exhaust gas of a combustion engine, of the type comprising a first grid and electrical supply means connected to the first grid for passing an electric current through this first grid, characterized in that the heating device comprises a second grid, the supply means comprising first and second electrodes, the first electrode being electrically connected to the first grid and the second electrode being electrically connected to the second grid .
  • the heating device according to the invention comprises two grids, which makes it possible to heat more quickly, and better, the exhaust gas passing through these grids. As a result, the duration of ignition of the heating device is reduced, compared to a heating device of the state of the art comprising only one grid.
  • the concentric electrodes provide power to the two grids while they are physically arranged parallel to each other, so that the exhaust gas passes through both grids.
  • a heating device may further include one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically conceivable combination.
  • the first and second electrodes are concentric.
  • the second grid is electrically connected in series with the first grid.
  • the first grid is delimited by a first contour
  • the second grid is delimited by a second contour, the first contour being electrically connected to the second contour
  • An electrically insulating element is radially interposed between the first and second concentric electrodes.
  • the heating device comprises a housing provided with an opening delimited by an edge, in which the first and second grids are housed, the first grid being delimited by a first outer contour, and the second grid being delimited by a second outer contour , at least one insulating support being arranged radially between the first outer contour and the edge, and / or arranged radially between the second outer contour and the edge.
  • the heating device comprises a spacer arranged between the first and second grids, the spacer surrounding part of the first electrode.
  • the invention also relates to a device for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one heating device as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine exhaust line, characterized in that it comprises at least one purification device as defined above.
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising an exhaust line as defined above.
  • Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a heating device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a detail of a grid fitted to the heating device of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of an exhaust line
  • an exhaust gas heater 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the heating device 10 is intended to be arranged in an exhaust line 1 of a heat engine 3, through which the exhaust gases are intended to circulate, near a catalyst, as shown in Figure figure 3.
  • the exhaust line 1 comprises a manifold 5 capturing the exhaust gases leaving the combustion chambers of the heat engine 3, and a cannula 7 allowing the release of the exhaust gases into the atmosphere.
  • the exhaust line 1 also comprises a device 9 for purifying the exhaust gases, fluidly interposed between the manifold 5 and the cannula 7, so that the exhaust gases reaching the cannula 7 have been purified by said device. purification 9.
  • This purification device 9 comprises at least one member 8 for purifying the exhaust gases having an upstream face through which the exhaust gases enter the purification member 8, and a downstream face through which the exhaust gases exit. of the purification organ 8.
  • upstream and downstream are understood in relation to the normal flow direction of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 1 (from the heat engine 3 to the cannula 7).
  • the purification member 8 is, for example, an SCR catalyst, a three-way catalyst, an oxidation catalyst, an SCRF particulate filter, or a NOx trap. It usually has an axis of symmetry.
  • the purification device 9 also comprises, in a conventional manner, a sheath inside which the purification member is placed, and a holding sheet interposed between the purification member and the sheath.
  • the purification device 9 further comprises a supply member, for supplying the purification member with the exhaust gases coming from the manifold 5, and a collecting member, for collecting the purified exhaust gases leaving the purification organ and direct them to the cannula 7.
  • the feed member is typically constituted by an inlet cone or by a mixer. It is fluidly interposed between the collector 5 and the purification 8, and comprises an exhaust gas inlet fluidly connected to the manifold 5.
  • the collection member typically consists of an outlet cone. It is fluidly interposed between the purification member 8 and the cannula 7, and includes an exhaust gas outlet fluidly connected to the cannula 7.
  • the feed member more particularly comprises a casing defining a passage for the exhaust gases.
  • the purification device 9 also includes the heating device 10, which is arranged facing the downstream face, preferably slightly set back towards the inside of the feed member relative to this downstream face.
  • the heating device 10 is at a distance from the downstream face of between 1 and 50 mm. The heating member 10 is thus placed opposite and at a distance from the upstream face of the purification member.
  • the heating device 10 comprises a cylindrical housing 12, at least part of which has for example a generally cylindrical shape, in particular with a circular, oval or elliptical base.
  • the housing 12 is for example formed by said envelope of the feed member.
  • the heating device 10 also comprises means 11 of power supply, and more particularly means for connection with a power supply source of electric current, not shown.
  • the heating device 10 also includes a first grid 14 made of a first conductive material.
  • the heating device 10 also comprises a second grid 15, also made of a second conductive material.
  • the second conductive material is for example identical to the first conductive material.
  • the first and / or second conductive material is for example chosen from Iron-Chromium-Aluminum (FeCrAI) and its alloys, Nickel-Chromium (NiCr) and its alloys, stainless steel, Inconel® or carbon carbide. silicon.
  • FeCrAI Iron-Chromium-Aluminum
  • NiCr Nickel-Chromium
  • stainless steel Inconel® or carbon carbide. silicon.
  • the material is Kanthal® A1, Nichrome® 80 or Nikrothal® 80.
  • first 14 and second 15 gates are substantially identical, so that only the first gate 14 is described below in more detail, with reference to FIG. 2. This description also applies, mutatis mutandis, at the second grid 15.
  • the first grid 14 is formed of strands 16 delimiting between them openings 18, the strands 16 being interconnected in junction zones 20.
  • the strands 16 do not overlap.
  • the first grid 14 has a substantially constant, and preferably constant, thickness.
  • the strands 16 have the same width between the junction zones 20. Note that on each strand 16, the smallest dimension is the thickness, the largest dimension is the length, and the third dimension is the width.
  • the first grid 14 has a geometric shape defined around a first central point 14a.
  • the first grid 14 has a first outer contour 14b which is oval, elliptical or circular.
  • the first outer contour 14b is circular.
  • the first grid 14 also includes a first internal contour 14c surrounding the first central point 14a.
  • the strands 16 of the first grid 14 are arranged between the first internal contour 14c and the first external contour 14b.
  • the second grid 15 has a geometric shape defined around a second central point 15a.
  • the second grid 15 has a second outer contour 15b which is oval, elliptical or circular.
  • the second outer contour 15b is circular.
  • the second grid 15 also comprises a second internal contour 15c surrounding the second central point 15a. The strands of the second grid 15 are arranged between the second inner contour 15c and the second outer contour 15b.
  • first 14b and second 15b outer contours have identical shapes and dimensions.
  • each opening 18 has a polygonal shape with four sides, each side being formed by one of the strands 16, and each corner of the polygonal shape being formed by one of the junction zones 20.
  • each opening 18 has a height defined between two radial junction zones in a radial direction starting from the first central point 14a (respectively second central point 15a), and a width defined between two other circumferential junction zones following an arc centered on the first central point 14a (respectively second central point 15a).
  • An angle b between two strands starting from a same circumferential junction zone, each towards a respective radial junction zone, is defined below for each opening 18. Since the heating device according to the invention has two grids, these can heat at least as efficiently as a single grid even with a larger mesh.
  • the angle b of each opening 18 of each of the first 14 and second 15 grids is greater than the same angle for a grid of the state of the art. More particularly, the angle b of each opening 18 of each of the first 14 and second 15 grids is for example between 10 and 90 °, preferably less than 60 °, even more preferably less than 40 °.
  • This larger mesh allows the gas passing through the first 14 and second 15 grids to pass more easily.
  • the first 14 and second 15 grids are arranged physically parallel to each other, in an opening 22 of the housing 12.
  • This opening 22 has a circumferential edge 24.
  • the first grid 14 is located downstream of the second grid 15 (below the second grid 15 in Figure 1), relative to a direction of gas flow through the opening 22.
  • the first grid 14 is angularly offset with respect to the second grid 15, so that each junction zone 20 of one of the first 14 or second 15 grids is opposite an opening 18 of the other grid. . This allows better heat exchange between the gas and the heated grids;
  • At least one insulating support 26 is arranged radially between the first external contour 14b and the circumferential edge 24 and / or arranged radially between the second external contour 15b and the circumferential edge 24.
  • the insulating support 26 is common to the first 14 and second 15 grids.
  • the power supply means 1 1 comprising first 28 and second 30 concentric electrodes, the first electrode 28 being electrically connected to the first grid 14 and the second electrode 30 being electrically connected to the second grid 16.
  • the electrodes 28, 30 are for example supplied with a voltage of around 48V.
  • the second electrode 30 is hollow, and the first electrode 28 extends into the second electrode 30, coaxially therewith, to the first grid 14.
  • An electrically insulating element 32 is arranged radially between the first 28 and the second 30 electrodes, to avoid any electrical contact between they.
  • the electrically insulating element 32 is a sleeve surrounding the first electrode 28, over at least part of its length.
  • the first electrode 28 is electrically connected to the first inner contour 14c of the first grid 14.
  • the second electrode 30 is electrically connected to the second inner contour 15c of the second grid 15.
  • first outer contour 14b is electrically connected to the second outer contour 15b, by means of at least one electrical connector 34.
  • first 14 and second 15 gates are electrically connected in series.
  • one of the first 28 and second 30 electrodes is connected to a positive potential, and the other to a negative potential.
  • the first electrode 28 is positive (that is to say connected to the positive terminal of an electric generator not shown), and the second electrode 30 is negative (that is to say connected to the negative terminal of the electric generator).
  • the second electrode 30 can alternatively be indirectly connected to the negative terminal of the generator via a "ground" on the housing or any other electrically conductive element of the exhaust line.
  • the first 14 and second 15 grids behave like two electrical resistors in series, themselves being composed of a multitude of electrical resistors in parallel (formed by the strands 16).
  • the mechanical strength of the heating device 10 with double grids 14, 15 is better than that of a heating device with single grids.
  • the double grid device comprises grids whose total strand lengths are substantially equal to half the length. total grid strands of a single grid device.
  • the total length of strands is distributed over the two grids, and thus it is better distributed in space.
  • the angles between the strands are enlarged and thus the strands are shorter and therefore less prone to warping.
  • the mechanical strength of the grids 14, 15 is better.
  • a spacer 36 is arranged between the first 14 and the second 15 grid.
  • the spacer 36 preferably surrounds the first electrode 28.
  • the spacer 36 is electrically insulating. It will be noted that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and could have various variants.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device (10) that comprises a first screen (14) and power supply means (11) connected to the first screen (14) for passing an electric current through this first screen (14). The heating device (10) comprises a second screen (15), the supply means comprising first (28) and second (30) electrodes, the first electrode (28) being electrically connected to the first screen (14) and the second electrode (30) being electrically connected to the second screen (15).

Description

TITRE : Dispositif amélioré de chauffage de gaz d’échappement TITLE: Improved exhaust gas heater
La présente invention La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage de gaz d’échappement, notamment pour un moteur à combustion. Un tel dispositif de chauffage est destiné à chauffer les gaz d’échappement et un catalyseur, afin d’optimiser la conversion catalytique des gaz polluants, dans un véhicule en mouvement, tel qu’un véhicule automobile, un camion, un navire, ou dans un moteur stationnaire comme par exemple un groupe électrogène. The present invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas heater, in particular for a combustion engine. Such a heating device is intended to heat the exhaust gases and a catalyst, in order to optimize the catalytic conversion of the polluting gases, in a moving vehicle, such as a motor vehicle, a truck, a ship, or in a stationary engine such as for example a generator.
Plus particulièrement, les lignes d’échappement de véhicules équipés de moteurs thermiques comportent typiquement des organes de purification catalytiques, permettant par exemple de convertir les NOx, le CO et les hydrocarbures en N2, C02 et H20. De tels organes ne sont efficaces que lorsque le matériau catalytique se trouve à une température minimum. More particularly, the exhaust lines of vehicles equipped with heat engines typically include catalytic purification units, for example making it possible to convert NOx, CO and hydrocarbons into N2, C02 and H20. Such organs are only effective when the catalytic material is at a minimum temperature.
A cet effet, il a été développé des dispositifs de purification intégrant un dispositif de chauffage monté en vis-à-vis de la face amont d’un organe de purification, de manière à chauffer l’organe de purification de manière accélérée au démarrage du véhicule. For this purpose, purification devices have been developed incorporating a heating device mounted opposite the upstream face of a purification member, so as to heat the purification member in an accelerated manner when starting the vehicle.
L’invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage du type comportant une grille et des moyens d’alimentation électrique connectés à la grille pour faire passer un courant électrique dans cette grille. The invention relates to a heating device of the type comprising a grid and power supply means connected to the grid for passing an electric current through this grid.
L’invention a notamment pour but d’améliorer un tel dispositif de chauffage, notamment en réduisant sa durée d’allumage. The aim of the invention is in particular to improve such a heating device, in particular by reducing its ignition time.
A cet effet, l’invention a notamment pour objet un dispositif de chauffage de gaz d’échappement de moteur à combustion, du type comprenant une première grille et des moyens d’alimentation électrique connectés à la première grille pour faire passer un courant électrique dans cette première grille, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage comporte une seconde grille, les moyens d’alimentation comportant des première et seconde électrodes, la première électrode étant électriquement connectée à la première grille et la seconde électrode étant électriquement connectée à la seconde grille. To this end, the invention relates in particular to a device for heating the exhaust gas of a combustion engine, of the type comprising a first grid and electrical supply means connected to the first grid for passing an electric current through this first grid, characterized in that the heating device comprises a second grid, the supply means comprising first and second electrodes, the first electrode being electrically connected to the first grid and the second electrode being electrically connected to the second grid .
Le dispositif de chauffage selon l’invention comporte deux grilles, ce qui permet de chauffer plus rapidement, et mieux, le gaz d’échappement passant par ces grilles. Il en résulte que la durée d’allumage du dispositif de chauffage est réduite, par rapport à un dispositif de chauffage de l’état de la technique ne comportant qu’une grille. The heating device according to the invention comprises two grids, which makes it possible to heat more quickly, and better, the exhaust gas passing through these grids. As a result, the duration of ignition of the heating device is reduced, compared to a heating device of the state of the art comprising only one grid.
Les électrodes concentriques permettent d’alimenter en électricité les deux grilles alors qu’elles sont physiquement agencées parallèlement l’une par rapport à l’autre, de sorte que le gaz d’échappement passe à travers les deux grilles. The concentric electrodes provide power to the two grids while they are physically arranged parallel to each other, so that the exhaust gas passes through both grids.
Un dispositif de chauffage selon l’invention peut comporter en outre l’une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou selon toutes combinaisons techniquement envisageables. A heating device according to the invention may further include one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically conceivable combination.
- Les première et seconde électrodes sont concentriques. - The first and second electrodes are concentric.
- La seconde grille est connectée électriquement en série avec la première grille. - The second grid is electrically connected in series with the first grid.
- La première grille est délimitée par un premier contour, et la seconde grille est délimitée par un second contour, le premier contour étant électriquement connecté au second contour. - The first grid is delimited by a first contour, and the second grid is delimited by a second contour, the first contour being electrically connected to the second contour.
- Un élément électriquement isolant est radialement interposé entre les première et second électrodes concentriques. - An electrically insulating element is radially interposed between the first and second concentric electrodes.
- Le dispositif de chauffage comporte un boîtier muni d’une ouverture délimitée par un bord, dans laquelle sont logées les première et seconde grilles, la première grille étant délimitée par un premier contour extérieur, et la seconde grille étant délimitée par un second contour extérieur, au moins un support isolant étant agencé radialement entre le premier contour extérieur et le bord, et/ou agencé radialement entre le second contour extérieur et le bord. - The heating device comprises a housing provided with an opening delimited by an edge, in which the first and second grids are housed, the first grid being delimited by a first outer contour, and the second grid being delimited by a second outer contour , at least one insulating support being arranged radially between the first outer contour and the edge, and / or arranged radially between the second outer contour and the edge.
- Le dispositif de chauffage comporte une entretoise agencée entre les première et seconde grilles, l’entretoise entourant une partie de la première électrode. - The heating device comprises a spacer arranged between the first and second grids, the spacer surrounding part of the first electrode.
L’invention concerne également un dispositif de purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne comprenant au moins un dispositif de chauffage tel que défini précédemment. The invention also relates to a device for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one heating device as defined above.
L’invention concerne également une ligne d’échappement de moteur à combustion interne, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte au moins un dispositif de purification tel que défini précédemment. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine exhaust line, characterized in that it comprises at least one purification device as defined above.
L’invention concerne enfin un véhicule automobile comprenant une ligne d’échappement telle que définie précédemment. Finally, the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising an exhaust line as defined above.
L’invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple et faite en se référant aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles : - [Fig 1] La figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d’un dispositif de chauffage selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l’invention, The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended figures, among which: - [Fig 1] Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a heating device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention,
- [Fig 2] La figure 2 est une vue de face d’un détail d’une grille équipant le dispositif de chauffage de la figure 1 . - [Fig 2] Figure 2 is a front view of a detail of a grid fitted to the heating device of Figure 1.
- [Fig 3] La figure 3 est une vue schématique d’une ligne d’échappement - [Fig 3] Figure 3 is a schematic view of an exhaust line
On a représenté, sur la figure 1 , un dispositif 10 de chauffage de gaz d’échappement selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l’invention. Le dispositif de chauffage 10 est destiné à être agencé dans une ligne d’échappement 1 d’un moteur thermique 3, à travers laquelle les gaz d’échappement sont destinés à circuler, à proximité d’un catalyseur, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 3. There is shown, in Figure 1, an exhaust gas heater 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The heating device 10 is intended to be arranged in an exhaust line 1 of a heat engine 3, through which the exhaust gases are intended to circulate, near a catalyst, as shown in Figure figure 3.
De manière connue en soi, la ligne d’échappement 1 comprend un collecteur 5 captant les gaz d’échappement sortant des chambres de combustion du moteur thermique 3, et une canule 7 permettant le relargage des gaz d’échappement dans l’atmosphère. La ligne d’échappement 1 comprend également un dispositif 9 de purification des gaz d’échappement, interposé fluidiquement entre le collecteur 5 et la canule 7, de sorte que les gaz d’échappement parvenant à la canule 7 aient été purifiés par ledit dispositif de purification 9. In a manner known per se, the exhaust line 1 comprises a manifold 5 capturing the exhaust gases leaving the combustion chambers of the heat engine 3, and a cannula 7 allowing the release of the exhaust gases into the atmosphere. The exhaust line 1 also comprises a device 9 for purifying the exhaust gases, fluidly interposed between the manifold 5 and the cannula 7, so that the exhaust gases reaching the cannula 7 have been purified by said device. purification 9.
Ce dispositif de purification 9 comporte au moins un organe 8 de purification des gaz d’échappement ayant une face amont par laquelle les gaz d’échappement pénètrent dans l’organe de purification 8, et une face aval par laquelle les gaz d’échappement sortent de l’organe de purification 8. This purification device 9 comprises at least one member 8 for purifying the exhaust gases having an upstream face through which the exhaust gases enter the purification member 8, and a downstream face through which the exhaust gases exit. of the purification organ 8.
Dans la présente description, l’amont et l’aval sont entendus relativement au sens de circulation normal des gaz d’échappement dans la ligne d’échappement 1 (depuis le moteur thermique 3 vers la canule 7). In the present description, upstream and downstream are understood in relation to the normal flow direction of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 1 (from the heat engine 3 to the cannula 7).
L’organe de purification 8 est par exemple un catalyseur SCR, un catalyseur trois voies, un catalyseur d’oxydation, un filtre à particules SCRF, ou un piège à NOx. Il présente habituellement un axe de symétrie. The purification member 8 is, for example, an SCR catalyst, a three-way catalyst, an oxidation catalyst, an SCRF particulate filter, or a NOx trap. It usually has an axis of symmetry.
Le dispositif de purification 9 comprend également, de manière classique, un fourreau à l’intérieur duquel est placé l’organe de purification, et une nappe de maintien interposée entre l’organe de purification et le fourreau. The purification device 9 also comprises, in a conventional manner, a sheath inside which the purification member is placed, and a holding sheet interposed between the purification member and the sheath.
Le dispositif de purification 9 comprend encore un organe d’alimentation, pour l’alimentation de l’organe de purification avec les gaz d’échappement provenant du collecteur 5, et un organe de collecte, pour collecter les gaz d’échappement purifiés sortant de l’organe de purification et les diriger vers la canule 7. The purification device 9 further comprises a supply member, for supplying the purification member with the exhaust gases coming from the manifold 5, and a collecting member, for collecting the purified exhaust gases leaving the purification organ and direct them to the cannula 7.
L’organe d’alimentation est typiquement constitué par un cône d’entrée ou par un mélangeur. Il est interposé fluidiquement entre le collecteur 5 et l’organe de purification 8, et comprend une entrée de gaz d’échappement raccordée fluidiquement au collecteur 5. The feed member is typically constituted by an inlet cone or by a mixer. It is fluidly interposed between the collector 5 and the purification 8, and comprises an exhaust gas inlet fluidly connected to the manifold 5.
L’organe de collecte est typiquement constitué par un cône de sortie. Il est interposé fluidiquement entre l’organe de purification 8 et la canule 7, et comprend une sortie de gaz d’échappement raccordée fluidiquement à la canule 7. The collection member typically consists of an outlet cone. It is fluidly interposed between the purification member 8 and the cannula 7, and includes an exhaust gas outlet fluidly connected to the cannula 7.
L’organe d’alimentation comprend plus particulièrement une enveloppe délimitant un passage pour les gaz d’échappement. The feed member more particularly comprises a casing defining a passage for the exhaust gases.
Le dispositif de purification 9 comprend également le dispositif de chauffage 10, qui est agencé en regard de la face aval, de préférence en léger retrait vers l’intérieur de l’organe d’alimentation par rapport à cette face aval. Par « en léger retrait », on comprend généralement que l’organe de chauffage 10 est à une distance de la face aval comprise entre 1 et 50 mm. L’organe de chauffage 10 est ainsi placé en regard et à distance de la face amont de l’organe de purification. The purification device 9 also includes the heating device 10, which is arranged facing the downstream face, preferably slightly set back towards the inside of the feed member relative to this downstream face. By "slightly recessed", it is generally understood that the heater 10 is at a distance from the downstream face of between 1 and 50 mm. The heating member 10 is thus placed opposite and at a distance from the upstream face of the purification member.
Le dispositif de chauffage 10 comporte un boîtier cylindrique 12 dont au moins une partie présente par exemple une forme générale cylindrique, notamment à base circulaire, ovale ou elliptique. Le boîtier 12 est par exemple formé par ladite enveloppe de l’organe d’alimentation. The heating device 10 comprises a cylindrical housing 12, at least part of which has for example a generally cylindrical shape, in particular with a circular, oval or elliptical base. The housing 12 is for example formed by said envelope of the feed member.
Le dispositif de chauffage 10 comporte par ailleurs des moyens 1 1 d’alimentation électrique, et plus particulièrement des moyens de liaison avec une source d’alimentation de courant électrique, non représentée. The heating device 10 also comprises means 11 of power supply, and more particularly means for connection with a power supply source of electric current, not shown.
Le dispositif de chauffage 10 comporte par ailleurs une première grille 14 réalisée en un premier matériau conducteur. The heating device 10 also includes a first grid 14 made of a first conductive material.
Le dispositif de chauffage 10 comporte également une seconde grille 15, également réalisée en un second matériau conducteur. Le second matériau conducteur est par exemple identique au premier matériau conducteur. The heating device 10 also comprises a second grid 15, also made of a second conductive material. The second conductive material is for example identical to the first conductive material.
Le premier et/ou second matériau conducteur est par exemple choisi parmi le Fer-Chrome-Aluminium (FeCrAI) et ses alliages, le Nickel-Chrome (NiCr) et ses alliages, l’acier inoxydable, l’Inconel® ou le carbure de silicium. Par exemple, le matériau est du Kanthal® A1 , du Nichrome® 80 ou du Nikrothal® 80. The first and / or second conductive material is for example chosen from Iron-Chromium-Aluminum (FeCrAI) and its alloys, Nickel-Chromium (NiCr) and its alloys, stainless steel, Inconel® or carbon carbide. silicon. For example, the material is Kanthal® A1, Nichrome® 80 or Nikrothal® 80.
Dans l’exemple décrit, les première 14 et seconde 15 grilles sont sensiblement identiques, si bien que seule la première grille 14 est décrite ci- dessous plus en détail, en se référant à la figure 2. Cette description s’applique également, mutatis mutandis, à la seconde grille 15. In the example described, the first 14 and second 15 gates are substantially identical, so that only the first gate 14 is described below in more detail, with reference to FIG. 2. This description also applies, mutatis mutandis, at the second grid 15.
Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2, la première grille 14 est formée de brins 16 délimitant entre eux des ouvertures 18, les brins 16 étant reliés entre eux dans des zones de jonction 20. Avantageusement, les brins 16 ne se chevauchent pas. Ainsi, la première grille 14 présente une épaisseur sensiblement constante, et de préférence constante. As shown in FIG. 2, the first grid 14 is formed of strands 16 delimiting between them openings 18, the strands 16 being interconnected in junction zones 20. Advantageously, the strands 16 do not overlap. Thus, the first grid 14 has a substantially constant, and preferably constant, thickness.
Les brins 16 présentent, entre les zones de jonction 20, une même largeur. On notera que, sur chaque brin 16, la plus petite dimension est l’épaisseur, la plus grande dimension est la longueur, et la troisième dimension la largeur. The strands 16 have the same width between the junction zones 20. Note that on each strand 16, the smallest dimension is the thickness, the largest dimension is the length, and the third dimension is the width.
La première grille 14 présente une forme géométrique définie autour d’un premier point central 14a. Par exemple, la première grille 14 présente un premier contour extérieur 14b ovale, elliptique ou circulaire. Dans l’exemple décrit, le premier contour extérieur 14b est circulaire. La première grille 14 comporte également un premier contour intérieur 14c entourant le premier point central 14a. Les brins 16 de la première grille 14 sont agencés entre le premier contour intérieur 14c et le premier contour extérieur 14b. The first grid 14 has a geometric shape defined around a first central point 14a. For example, the first grid 14 has a first outer contour 14b which is oval, elliptical or circular. In the example described, the first outer contour 14b is circular. The first grid 14 also includes a first internal contour 14c surrounding the first central point 14a. The strands 16 of the first grid 14 are arranged between the first internal contour 14c and the first external contour 14b.
De même, la seconde grille 15 présente une forme géométrique définie autour d’un second point central 15a. Par exemple, la seconde grille 15 présente un second contour extérieur 15b ovale, elliptique ou circulaire. Dans l’exemple décrit, le second contour extérieur 15b est circulaire. La seconde grille 15 comporte également un second contour intérieur 15c entourant le second point central 15a. Les brins de la seconde grille 15 sont agencés entre le second contour intérieur 15c et le second contour extérieur 15b. Likewise, the second grid 15 has a geometric shape defined around a second central point 15a. For example, the second grid 15 has a second outer contour 15b which is oval, elliptical or circular. In the example described, the second outer contour 15b is circular. The second grid 15 also comprises a second internal contour 15c surrounding the second central point 15a. The strands of the second grid 15 are arranged between the second inner contour 15c and the second outer contour 15b.
Avantageusement, les premier 14b et second 15b contours extérieurs présentent des formes et des dimensions identiques. Advantageously, the first 14b and second 15b outer contours have identical shapes and dimensions.
Exception faite des ouvertures 18 en partie délimitées par le premier contour extérieur 14b (respectivement second contour extérieur 15b) ou par le premier contour intérieur 14c (respectivement second contour intérieur 15c), chaque ouverture 18 présente une forme polygonale à quatre côtés, chaque côté étant formé par l’un des brins 16, et chaque coin de la forme polygonale étant formée par l’une des zones de jonction 20. With the exception of the openings 18 partly delimited by the first external contour 14b (respectively second external contour 15b) or by the first internal contour 14c (respectively second internal contour 15c), each opening 18 has a polygonal shape with four sides, each side being formed by one of the strands 16, and each corner of the polygonal shape being formed by one of the junction zones 20.
Ainsi, chaque ouverture 18 présente une hauteur définie entre deux zones de jonction radiales dans une direction radiale partant du premier point central 14a (respectivement second point central 15a), et une largeur définie entre deux autres zones de jonction circonférentielles suivant un arc centré sur le premier point central 14a (respectivement second point central 15a). On définit ci-dessous, pour chaque ouverture 18, un angle b entre deux brins partant d’une même zone de jonction circonférentielle, chacun vers une zone de jonction radiale respective. Puisque le dispositif de chauffage selon l’invention comporte deux grilles, celles-ci peuvent chauffer au moins aussi efficacement qu’une seule grille même en présentant un maillage plus grand. Ainsi, l’angle b de chaque ouverture 18 de chacune des première 14 et seconde 15 grilles est supérieur au même angle pour une grille de l’état de la technique. Plus particulièrement, l’angle b de chaque ouverture 18 de chacune des première 14 et seconde 15 grilles est par exemple compris entre 10 et 90°, de préférence inférieur à 60°, encore plus préférentiellement inférieur à 40°. Thus, each opening 18 has a height defined between two radial junction zones in a radial direction starting from the first central point 14a (respectively second central point 15a), and a width defined between two other circumferential junction zones following an arc centered on the first central point 14a (respectively second central point 15a). An angle b between two strands starting from a same circumferential junction zone, each towards a respective radial junction zone, is defined below for each opening 18. Since the heating device according to the invention has two grids, these can heat at least as efficiently as a single grid even with a larger mesh. Thus, the angle b of each opening 18 of each of the first 14 and second 15 grids is greater than the same angle for a grid of the state of the art. More particularly, the angle b of each opening 18 of each of the first 14 and second 15 grids is for example between 10 and 90 °, preferably less than 60 °, even more preferably less than 40 °.
Ce maillage plus grand permet de laisser passer plus facilement le gaz passant à travers les première 14 et seconde 15 grilles. This larger mesh allows the gas passing through the first 14 and second 15 grids to pass more easily.
Les première 14 et seconde 15 grilles sont agencées physiquement parallèlement l’une par rapport à l’autre, dans une ouverture 22 du boîtier 12. Cette ouverture 22 comporte un bord circonférentiel 24. The first 14 and second 15 grids are arranged physically parallel to each other, in an opening 22 of the housing 12. This opening 22 has a circumferential edge 24.
Dans l’exemple représenté sur la figure 1 , la première grille 14 est située en aval de la seconde grille 15 (en dessous de la seconde grille 15 sur la figure 1 ), relativement à un sens de circulation de gaz à travers l’ouverture 22. In the example shown in Figure 1, the first grid 14 is located downstream of the second grid 15 (below the second grid 15 in Figure 1), relative to a direction of gas flow through the opening 22.
De préférence, la première grille 14 est angulairement décalée par rapport à la seconde grille 15, de sorte que chaque zone de jonction 20 de l’une des première 14 ou seconde 15 grilles est en regard d’une ouverture 18 de l’autre grille. Ceci permet un meilleur échange thermique entre le gaz et les grilles chauffées ; Preferably, the first grid 14 is angularly offset with respect to the second grid 15, so that each junction zone 20 of one of the first 14 or second 15 grids is opposite an opening 18 of the other grid. . This allows better heat exchange between the gas and the heated grids;
Avantageusement, au moins un support isolant 26 est agencé radialement entre le premier contour extérieur 14b et le bord circonférentiel 24 et/ou agencé radialement entre le second contour extérieur 15b et le bord circonférentiel 24. Advantageously, at least one insulating support 26 is arranged radially between the first external contour 14b and the circumferential edge 24 and / or arranged radially between the second external contour 15b and the circumferential edge 24.
Plus particulièrement, dans l’exemple décrit, le support isolant 26 est commun aux première 14 et seconde 15 grilles. More particularly, in the example described, the insulating support 26 is common to the first 14 and second 15 grids.
Conformément à l’invention, les moyens d’alimentation 1 1 comportant des première 28 et seconde 30 électrodes concentriques, la première électrode 28 étant électriquement connectée à la première grille 14 et la seconde électrode 30 étant électriquement connectée à la seconde grille 16. According to the invention, the power supply means 1 1 comprising first 28 and second 30 concentric electrodes, the first electrode 28 being electrically connected to the first grid 14 and the second electrode 30 being electrically connected to the second grid 16.
Les électrodes 28, 30 sont par exemple alimentées avec une tension de d’ordre de 48V. The electrodes 28, 30 are for example supplied with a voltage of around 48V.
Ainsi, la seconde électrode 30 est creuse, et la première électrode 28 s’étend dans la seconde électrode 30, coaxialement à celle-ci, jusqu’à la première grille 14. Thus, the second electrode 30 is hollow, and the first electrode 28 extends into the second electrode 30, coaxially therewith, to the first grid 14.
Un élément électriquement isolant 32 est agencé radialement entre la première 28 et la seconde 30 électrodes, pour éviter tout contact électrique entre elles. Par exemple, l’élément électriquement isolant 32 est un manchon entourant la première électrode 28, sur au moins une partie de sa longueur. An electrically insulating element 32 is arranged radially between the first 28 and the second 30 electrodes, to avoid any electrical contact between they. For example, the electrically insulating element 32 is a sleeve surrounding the first electrode 28, over at least part of its length.
La première électrode 28 est connectée électriquement au premier contour intérieur 14c de la première grille 14. The first electrode 28 is electrically connected to the first inner contour 14c of the first grid 14.
La seconde électrode 30 est connectée électriquement au second contour intérieur 15c de la seconde grille 15. The second electrode 30 is electrically connected to the second inner contour 15c of the second grid 15.
Par ailleurs, le premier contour extérieur 14b est connecté électriquement au second contour extérieur 15b, au moyen d’au moins un connecteur électrique 34. Furthermore, the first outer contour 14b is electrically connected to the second outer contour 15b, by means of at least one electrical connector 34.
Ainsi, les première 14 et seconde 15 grilles sont connectées électriquement en série. A cet effet, l’une des première 28 et seconde 30 électrodes est connectée à un potentiel positif, et l’autre à un potentiel négatif. Thus, the first 14 and second 15 gates are electrically connected in series. For this purpose, one of the first 28 and second 30 electrodes is connected to a positive potential, and the other to a negative potential.
Dans l’exemple décrit, la première électrode 28 est positive (c’est-à-dire connectée à la borne positive d’un générateur électrique non représenté), et la second électrode 30 est négative (c’est-à-dire connectée à la borne négative du générateur électrique). In the example described, the first electrode 28 is positive (that is to say connected to the positive terminal of an electric generator not shown), and the second electrode 30 is negative (that is to say connected to the negative terminal of the electric generator).
La seconde électrode 30 peut en variante être indirectement reliée à la borne négative du générateur par l’intermédiaire d’une « masse » sur le boîtier ou tout autre élément conducteur électriquement de la ligne d’échappement. The second electrode 30 can alternatively be indirectly connected to the negative terminal of the generator via a "ground" on the housing or any other electrically conductive element of the exhaust line.
Les première 14 et seconde 15 grilles se comportent comme deux résistances électriques en série, elles-mêmes étant composées d’une multitude de résistances électriques en parallèle (formées par les brins 16). The first 14 and second 15 grids behave like two electrical resistors in series, themselves being composed of a multitude of electrical resistors in parallel (formed by the strands 16).
Il est à noter que la tenue mécanique du dispositif de chauffage 10 à double grilles 14, 15 est meilleure que celle d’un dispositif de chauffage à simple grille. It should be noted that the mechanical strength of the heating device 10 with double grids 14, 15 is better than that of a heating device with single grids.
En effet, en comparaison avec un dispositif à simple grille classique, dont la grille est formée par des brins présentant ensemble une longueur totale, le dispositif à double grilles comporte des grilles dont les longueurs totales de brins sont sensiblement égales à la moitié de la longueur totale de brins de la grille d’un dispositif à simple grille. En d’autres termes, la longueur totale de brins est répartie sur les deux grilles, et elle est ainsi mieux répartie dans l’espace. En conséquence, les angles entre les brins sont agrandis et ainsi les brins sont moins longs et donc moins sujets à se déformer. Il en résulte que la tenue mécanique des grilles 14, 15 est meilleure. In fact, in comparison with a conventional single grid device, the grid of which is formed by strands together having a total length, the double grid device comprises grids whose total strand lengths are substantially equal to half the length. total grid strands of a single grid device. In other words, the total length of strands is distributed over the two grids, and thus it is better distributed in space. As a result, the angles between the strands are enlarged and thus the strands are shorter and therefore less prone to warping. As a result, the mechanical strength of the grids 14, 15 is better.
De préférence, pour une bonne stabilité mécanique, une entretoise 36 est agencée entre la première 14 et la seconde 15 grille. L’entretoise 36 entoure de préférence la première électrode 28. Avantageusement, l’entretoise 36 est isolante électriquement. On notera que l’invention n’est pas limitée au mode de réalisation précédemment décrit, et pourrait présenter diverses variantes. Preferably, for good mechanical stability, a spacer 36 is arranged between the first 14 and the second 15 grid. The spacer 36 preferably surrounds the first electrode 28. Advantageously, the spacer 36 is electrically insulating. It will be noted that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and could have various variants.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif (10) de chauffage de gaz d’échappement de moteur à combustion, du type comprenant une première grille (14) et des moyens (1 1 ) d’alimentation électrique connectés à la première grille (14) pour faire passer un courant électrique dans cette première grille (14), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (10) comporte une seconde grille (15), les moyens d’alimentation comportant des première (28) et seconde (30) électrodes, la première électrode (28) étant électriquement connectée à la première grille (14) et la seconde électrode (30) étant électriquement connectée à la seconde grille (15). 1. Device (10) for heating combustion engine exhaust gas, of the type comprising a first grid (14) and means (1 1) of electric power supply connected to the first grid (14) for passing a electric current in this first grid (14), characterized in that the heating device (10) comprises a second grid (15), the supply means comprising first (28) and second (30) electrodes, the first electrode (28) being electrically connected to the first grid (14) and the second electrode (30) being electrically connected to the second grid (15).
2. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle les première (28) et seconde (30) électrodes sont concentriques. 2. A heater (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first (28) and second (30) electrodes are concentric.
3. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la seconde grille (15) est connectée électriquement en série avec la première grille (14). 3. A heater (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second grid (15) is electrically connected in series with the first grid (14).
4. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la première grille (14) est délimitée par un premier contour (14b), et la seconde grille (15) est délimitée par un second contour (15b), le premier contour (14b) étant électriquement connecté au second contour (15b). 4. Heating device (10) according to claim 3, wherein the first grid (14) is delimited by a first contour (14b), and the second grid (15) is delimited by a second contour (15b), the first contour (14b) being electrically connected to the second contour (15b).
5. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un élément électriquement isolant (32) est radialement interposé entre les première (28) et second (30) électrodes concentriques. 5. A heater (10) according to any preceding claim, wherein an electrically insulating element (32) is radially interposed between the first (28) and second (30) concentric electrodes.
6. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant un boîtier (12) muni d’une ouverture (22) délimitée par un bord (24), dans laquelle sont logées les première (14) et seconde (15) grilles, la première grille (14) étant délimitée par un premier contour extérieur (14b), et la seconde grille (15) étant délimitée par un second contour extérieur (15b), au moins un support isolant (26) étant agencé radialement entre le premier contour extérieur (14b) et le bord (24), et/ou agencé radialement entre le second contour extérieur (15b) et le bord (24). 6. Heating device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a housing (12) provided with an opening (22) delimited by an edge (24), in which the first (14) and second are housed. (15) grids, the first grid (14) being delimited by a first outer contour (14b), and the second grid (15) being delimited by a second outer contour (15b), at least one insulating support (26) being arranged radially between the first outer contour (14b) and the edge (24), and / or arranged radially between the second outer contour (15b) and the edge (24).
7. Dispositif de chauffage (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant une entretoise (35) agencée entre les première (14) et seconde (15) grilles, l’entretoise (35) entourant une partie de la première électrode (28). 7. Heating device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a spacer (35) arranged between the first (14) and second (15) grids, the spacer (35) surrounding part of the first electrode. (28).
8. Dispositif (9) de purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne comprenant au moins un dispositif de chauffage (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7. 8. Device (9) for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprising at least one heater (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Ligne d’échappement (1 ) de moteur à combustion interne, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte au moins un dispositif de purification (9) selon la revendication 8. 9. Internal combustion engine exhaust line (1), characterized in that it comprises at least one purification device (9) according to claim 8.
10. Véhicule automobile comprenant une ligne d’échappement selon la revendication 9. 10. Motor vehicle comprising an exhaust line according to claim 9.
PCT/EP2020/063543 2019-05-16 2020-05-14 Improved device for heating exhaust gas WO2020229633A1 (en)

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Citations (6)

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EP1715151A1 (en) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-25 DBK David + Baader GmbH Heating device and thermal reactor for heating and vaporizing urea
EP1944479A1 (en) * 2007-01-09 2008-07-16 Pierburg GmbH Thermolysis reactor
US20110000194A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Selective catalytic reduction system using electrically heated catalyst
US20180291787A1 (en) * 2017-04-07 2018-10-11 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust gas purification device and corresponding control process
DE102018111886A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Impact mixer for exhaust aftertreatment

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5953909A (en) * 1998-08-03 1999-09-21 Waltrip, Iii; Owen R. Combustor for unspent exhaust from an internal combustion engine
EP1715151A1 (en) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-25 DBK David + Baader GmbH Heating device and thermal reactor for heating and vaporizing urea
EP1944479A1 (en) * 2007-01-09 2008-07-16 Pierburg GmbH Thermolysis reactor
US20110000194A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Selective catalytic reduction system using electrically heated catalyst
US20180291787A1 (en) * 2017-04-07 2018-10-11 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust gas purification device and corresponding control process
DE102018111886A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Impact mixer for exhaust aftertreatment

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