WO2020228914A1

WO2020228914A1 - Strip-type radiation concentrator

Info

Publication number: WO2020228914A1
Application number: PCT/DE2020/200031
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jakob Max Johann HERRMANN; Gerhard Schwarz
Original assignee: Kraftanlagen München Gmbh
Priority date: 2019-05-14
Filing date: 2020-05-05
Publication date: 2020-11-19
Also published as: DE202019102712U1

Abstract

Proposed is a concentrator (1) comprising a plurality of strip-type reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) which each have a light-reflective surface that is curved along the longitudinal extent (L) of same, said reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) having tilting axes (8, 9, 10), about which the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are rotationally disposed, longitudinally adjacent to one another, on at least one common axis (11) which connects the tilting axes (8, 9, 10) of the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), said tilting axes (8, 9, 10) being orthogonal to the common axis (11), and wherein a rotation of the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), starting from a midpoint (13) of the common axis (11), is greater the more remote the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are from the midpoint (13) of the common axis (11).

Description

Strip-shaped radiation concentrator

The invention relates to a concentrator with a plurality of reflectors. The invention also relates to a solar thermal power plant, having a concentrator field with a plurality of concentrators. Concentrators, also known as sunlight deflectors or heliostats, have long been known from the prior art. By means of a concentrator, it is possible to always reflect incident sunlight onto the same, fixed point regardless of the change in the sun's position in the sky. Concentrators can be used in so-called solar tower power plants, in which hundreds of computer-controlled concentrators concentrate light on an absorber housed in a tower top. The concentration factor of the radiation can reach values of 1000 and more. The radiation is converted into heat, which is dissipated in order to then drive a generator, for example, by means of steam generation via a conventional turbine. The concentrators can also be used for lighting purposes. The light is directed onto parts of the building, light shafts or vehicle tunnels that are otherwise in the dark.

In the concentrators used up to now, either curved concentrator surfaces, also called "curvature", or flat concentrator surfaces set against one another, also called "canting", are used.

The disadvantage of “canting” is that a large number of small facets are required in order to be able to generate high concentrations, which makes their attachment very complex. The disadvantage of the “curvature” is that in order to be able to generate high concentrations, the reflector has to be strongly curved in two directions, which would result in high material stresses. The present invention is therefore based on the object of overcoming the disadvantages known from the prior art.

This object is achieved by a concentrator with the features of claim 1 and by a solar thermal power plant with the features of claim 14. The concentrator according to the invention comprises a plurality of strip-shaped reflectors, each having a light-reflecting surface curved along their longitudinal extent or a light-reflecting surface curved in their longitudinal extent, the reflectors having tilting axes about which the reflectors are rotated on at least one common axis connecting the tilting axes of the reflectors are arranged alongside one another, the tilting axes being orthogonal to the common axis, and the greater the rotation or tilting of the reflectors, starting from a center point of the common axis, the further away the reflectors are from the center point of the common axis .

In other words, an approximation of a biaxially concentrating concentrator geometry made up of uniaxially curved strips, which are angled or folded against one another in the second direction, is to be realized.

By providing the strip-shaped reflectors which are curved in one direction and which are rotated or tilted relative to one another along the other direction, it is possible to focus incident sunlight in a concentrated manner. The reflectors are preferably arranged parallel to one another with regard to their longitudinal extension.

A concentrator can be understood to mean a radiation concentrator, a sunlight deflector or a heliostat. Each reflector here preferably comprises a mirror or a light-reflecting surface or mirror surface. The twisting, canting or tilting of two adjacent reflectors results in the strip-shaped reflectors being angled to one another. A common axis can be understood as a ruler axis or a reflector axis. The axis can preferably be an imaginary axis. Under a center point of the common axis can be understood as a center of the common axis. A longitudinal extension can also be understood to mean a longitudinal direction. “Arched” can be understood to mean “curved”. An arrangement of the reflectors alongside one another can be understood to mean an arrangement in which the reflectors are arranged next to one another with respect to their longitudinal extension.

The reflectors are preferably arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the center point of the common axis. In this way, the incident light can be easily bundled and emitted in a common direction.

Preferably, two reflectors which, viewed from the center point, have the same distance, are rotated by the same angle in terms of amount. In other words, the two reflectors to the right and left, viewed from the center point, have the same amount of rotation. For example, the two outermost reflectors are rotated by the same angle in terms of amount.

More preferably, a normal vector of the reflectors running through a tilt axis of the reflectors corresponds to a normal vector of an imaginary parabolic or

The course of the sphere whose apex coincides with the center of the common axis. This makes it possible to align, adjust or position the reflectors in such a way that they reflect the light in a manner similar to or in accordance with the previously mentioned parabolic or spherical course.

As already mentioned above, the reflectors are also preferably designed to focus incident light, in particular sunlight, and to emit it in a common direction.

The reflectors are particularly preferably designed to be free of contact with one another. In other words, the reflectors do not abut one another so that there is no contact with one another. This allows individual reflectors to be exchanged in a simple manner if necessary.

The reflectors preferably have at least two bearing points arranged in pairs on the rear for each common axis. The support points can be used as supports, especially special to be understood as attachment points. By providing the bearing points, it is possible to position the reflectors accordingly along the common axis. The reflectors preferably have additional bearing points on the rear side, which can more preferably be designed as individual bearing points. These are useful when the reflectors do not have a symmetrical structure, for example as a result of being cut to size. The concentrator particularly preferably has a receiving device for receiving the reflectors, in particular via the bearing points. This makes it possible to attach or fasten the reflectors to the Aufhahmevorriehtung in a simple manner. The receiving device can be a frame, in particular a metal frame. Preferably the frame is made of galvanized steel. The frame preferably has at least one strut, each strut running parallel to the common axis. Alternatively, a strut is designed as a common axis. By providing the frame, a structure for receiving the reflectors can be created in a simple and inexpensive manner. The frame can consist of aluminum, an alloy, a galvanized material or some other metal.

The concentrator preferably has at least one servomotor arranged on the take-up device. The concentrator particularly preferably has two servomotors. This enables the reflectors to be rotated in all spatial directions. The reflectors, which are fixed on the receiving device, can thus be rotated in an x-direction, y-direction and / or z-direction.

The concentrator particularly preferably has a computing unit for controlling the at least one servomotor. The arithmetic unit can be connected to electronics. By providing the arithmetic unit, it is possible to control the servomotor, in particular via the electronics, in such a way that the receiving device and thus the reflectors can align with the incident light in order to correct the position of the concentrator's receiving device.

The computing unit is preferably integrated in the concentrator. The computing unit is preferably programmed in such a way that it knows all the positions of the sun for every day, for every year and also for every leap year. The concentrator preferably has a support with anchoring which is releasably fastened to the servomotor. This enables the concentrator to be positioned and anchored in a stable manner in the ground or ground in a simple manner.

In the solar thermal power plant according to the invention, a concentrator field with a plurality of concentrators, as described above, is provided.

A solar thermal power plant can be understood to mean a solar thermal power plant or solar thermal power plant. Preferably, the solar thermal power plant is a power plant that uses the sun's heat as the primary energy source, either by absorbing its radiation or by using warm air. The reflectors or the absorber follow the sun.

The solar thermal power plant can also be a solar farm power plant or a solar tower power plant.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. They show: FIG. 1 a perspective illustration of reflectors of a concentrator according to the invention,

Figure 2 shows a further perspective view of reflectors of the concentrator according to the invention,

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the reflectors of a concentrator according to the invention from FIG. 1,

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view along section A-A from FIG. 3,

FIG. 5 shows a sectional view along a section B-B from FIG. 3,

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the section B-B from Figure 5,

FIG. 7 shows a detailed view A from FIG. 6, FIG. 8 shows a perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concentrator according to the invention and

FIG. 9 shows the concentrator from FIG. 8 from a different perspective.

For a better understanding of the spatial orientations, the drawings are provided with an x, y, z coordinate system that relates to a common fictitious center point M of all reflectors 2 to 7. According to FIG. 1, the center point M lies centrally on a common axis 11 connecting the reflectors 2 to 7.

In detail, FIG. 1 shows six reflectors 2 to 7, arranged one after the other or one behind the other, in the form of strips, which are tilted or rotated with respect to one another along the common axis 11 and thus in a y-direction. The reflectors 2 to 7 each have a light-reflecting surface that is curved in their longitudinal extension L. In other words, the reflectors 2 to 7 are concave with respect to their reflection direction and are curved in their respective x-directions. On the underside of the reflectors 2 to 7, two bearing points 12 are provided. In contrast to FIG. 1, in addition to a first common axis 11, a second common axis 11 is provided in FIG. The number of bearing points 12 is accordingly also doubled.

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the reflectors of the concentrator according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2 without the common axis (s). According to FIG. 4, a section A-A from FIG. 3 is shown. The reflector 4 shown has the above-mentioned curved light-reflecting surface which reaches its maximum curvature in the middle.

According to FIG. 5, a section B-B from FIG. 3 is shown, two adjacent reflectors 2 to 7 being arranged rotated differently with respect to one another. FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 again showing a detail A from FIG.

The reflectors 2 to 7 are arranged rotated along the common axis 11. A rotation of the reflectors 2 to 7 is, starting from a center point 13 of the common axis 1 1, the greater the further the reflectors 2 to 7 are arranged from the center point 13 of the common axis 1 1. The reflectors 2, 3 and 4 and the reflectors 5, 6 and 7 are arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the center point 13 of the common axis 11. The center 13 coincides with the center M.

According to FIG. 7, the reflectors 2, 3 and 4 have tilt axes 8, 9 and 10. The tilt axes 8, 9 and 10 are orthogonal to the common axis 11. The adjacent reflectors 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, 7 are Arranged rotated relative to one another in such a way that they include different angles α, β, g with respect to the common axis 11. Since the reflectors 2, 3 and 4 and the reflectors 5, 6 and 7 are arranged axially symmetrically, the reflectors 2, 7 and 3, 6 and 4, 5, which are at the same distance from the center 13, are at the same angle in terms of amount a, ß, g twisted.

A normal vector 16 running through a tilt axis 8, 9 and 10 of the reflectors 2, 3 and 4 corresponds to a normal vector 17 of an imaginary parabolic or spherical course 14, the apex 15 of which coincides with the center 13 of the common axis 11.

FIG. 7 further shows that the normal vector 16 is perpendicular to the reflector 2 and the normal vector 17 is perpendicular to the parabolic or spherical course 14. The same applies to the normal vectors 16 of the other reflectors, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, an angle that the common axis 11 forms with the reflector 2 is greater than an angle β that the common axis 11 forms with the reflector 3. In addition, the angle β that the common axis 11 forms with the reflector 3 is greater than an angle g that the common axis 11 forms with the reflector 4.

Thus, a distance between the reflector 2 and the parabolic or spherical course 14 is greater than a distance between the reflector 3 and the parabolic or spherical course 14. The reflector 4 can be understood as a tangent of the parabolic or spherical course 14. Through the appropriate arrangement / positioning of the reflectors 2 to 7, it is possible to focus incident light, in particular sunlight, and to emit it in the same direction, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.

FIG. 8 shows a perspective illustration of the embodiment of the concentrator 1 with the reflectors 2 to 7 described above. The reflectors 2 to 7 are designed without contact with one another.

The concentrator 1 has a receiving device 18 for receiving the reflectors 2 to 7. The receiving device 18 is designed as a frame, in particular a galvanized steel frame. The frame has a total of six struts, as shown in FIG. 9, the bars being designed parallel to the common axis 11.

In addition to the provision of the receiving device 18, a releasably attachable support 19 with anchoring 20 is arranged on the receiving device 18. In addition, servomotors 21 are provided, which are arranged in an area between the support 19 and the receiving device 18. Furthermore, an integrated computing unit (not shown) is provided for controlling the servomotors 21. The computing unit is connected to the servomotors 21. By providing the computing unit, it is possible to control the servomotors 21 in order to adjust or position the frame 18 with the reflectors 2 to 7 according to the existing lighting conditions.

List of reference symbols

1 concentrator

2 reflector

3 reflector

4 reflector

5 reflector

6 reflector

7 reflector

8 tilt axis

9 tilt axis

10 tilt axis

1 1 axis (s)

12 attachment point

13 center point

14 parabolic or spherical course

15 vertex

16 normal vector

17 normal vector

18 Mounting device

19 support

20 anchoring

21 servomotor a angle

ß angle

g angle

x direction

y direction

z direction

L longitudinal extent or longitudinal direction

M center

Claims

1. Concentrator (1) comprising a plurality of strip-shaped reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) each having a light-reflecting surface curved along their longitudinal extension (L), the reflectors (2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7) have tilt axes (8, 9, 10) around which the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are rotated on at least one common tilt axes (8, 9, 10) of the The axes (11) connecting reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are arranged alongside one another, the tilting axes (8, 9, 10) being orthogonal to the common axis (11), and a rotation of the reflectors ( 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), starting from a center (13) of the common axis (1 1), the greater the further the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) from Center (13) of the common axis (1 1) are arranged away.

2. Concentrator (1) according to claim 1, wherein the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the center point (13) of the common axis (11).

3. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) which, viewed from the center point (13) have the same distance, in terms of amount by the same angle (a, ß, g) are twisted.

4. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a through a tilt axis (8, 9, 10) of the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) extending Notmalenvektor (16) of the reflectors (2, 3 , 4, 5, 6, 7), corresponds to a normal vector (17) of an imaginary parabolic or spherical course whose vertex (15) coincides with the center (13) of the common axis (11).

5. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are set up to focus incident light, in particular sunlight, and to emit it in a common direction. 6. concentrator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5,

6, 7) are formed without contact with one another.

7. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) on the rear have at least two bearing points (12) arranged in pairs for each common axis (11).

8. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a receiving device (18) for receiving the reflectors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), in particular via bearing points (12).

9. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving device (18) is a frame with at least one strut, wherein the strut runs parallel to the common axis (11) or is designed as a common axis.

10. Concentrator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one servomotor arranged on the receiving device (18).

11. Concentrator (1) according to claim 10, comprising a computing unit for controlling the servomotor.

12. Concentrator (1) according to claim 11, wherein the computing unit is integrated in the concentrator (1).

13. Concentrator (1) according to one of claims 10 to 12, having one to the

Servomotor (18) releasably attached support (19) with anchoring (20).

14. Solar thermal power plant, comprising a concentrator field with a plurality of concentrators (1) according to one of the preceding claims.