WO2020220586A1 - 一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220586A1
WO2020220586A1 PCT/CN2019/109885 CN2019109885W WO2020220586A1 WO 2020220586 A1 WO2020220586 A1 WO 2020220586A1 CN 2019109885 W CN2019109885 W CN 2019109885W WO 2020220586 A1 WO2020220586 A1 WO 2020220586A1
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Prior art keywords
mineralization
centrifugal
slurry
flotation
separator
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/109885
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2020220586A8 (zh
Inventor
张海军
刘炯天
闫小康
王利军
刘清侠
李小兵
李丹龙
李鑫
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2019443100A priority Critical patent/AU2019443100B2/en
Publication of WO2020220586A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220586A1/zh
Publication of WO2020220586A8 publication Critical patent/WO2020220586A8/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1418—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
    • B03D1/1456—Feed mechanisms for the slurry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
    • B03D1/1468—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing and separation system and method based on fluid intensification, and is particularly suitable for a mixing and separation system and method based on fluid intensification used for separating mineral particles or slime in coal mine processing.
  • the mineral flotation process is a typical flow process, involving the adsorption of particles and reagents, the mineralization of particles and bubbles, and the separation of mineralized bubbles.
  • the essence is a mixing and separation process in which the role of fluid always runs through.
  • the influence of the beneficiation process is increasingly apparent.
  • flotation requires dosing, it also requires energy input. The more difficult the ore is to select, the finer the particle size, the greater the energy required. This requires continuous energy injection as the separation process continues to be strengthened.
  • the fluid-enhanced mixing and separation system of the present invention includes a forced mixing and conditioning system, a turbulent mineralization reaction system, a circulation flotation separation system, and a centrifugal flotation separation system.
  • the quality system includes a forced mixing conditioner and a circulating pump.
  • the forced mixing conditioner has a cylindrical structure. There are multiple jet impingement tubes and multiple jet cross-flow pipes around the barrel. The circulating slurry outlet on the upper part of the barrel is used by the circulating pump.
  • the pipeline is connected to the inlet of the distribution tank, the distribution tank is connected with the jet impingement tube and the jet cross-flow tube by a pipeline, and the quenched and tempered slurry outlet on the upper part of the cylinder is connected to the turbulent mineralization reactor through the pipeline;
  • the turbulent mineralization reaction system A turbulent flow mineralization reactor including a cylindrical structure, a plurality of cross-flow premineralization tubes, a plurality of impinging flow premineralization tubes, and a plurality of first microbubble generators are arranged around the tube, and a vortex generator is arranged inside the tube
  • the turbulent mineralization reactor is connected to the loop flotation separator through a pipeline;
  • the loop flotation separation system includes a cylindrical structure loop flotation separator, which is provided with a jet splitter, a feeder, a slurry distributor and a loop flow generator
  • the middle ore outlet of the circulation flotation separator is connected to the feed port of the forced mixing conditioner through a pipeline, and the foam tank outlet of the circulation flo
  • the hybrid separation system based on fluid enhancement of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a forced mixing and tempering system connected by pipelines, a turbulent mineralization reaction system, a circulating flotation separation system, and a centrifugal flotation separation system.
  • the outlet of the circulating slurry provided in the forced mixing and tempering system is connected to the inlet pipe of the distribution tank of the forced mixing and tempering device through the circulating pump, and the outlet of the tempered slurry is connected to the turbulent flow provided by the turbulent mineralization reaction system through the pipe.
  • the feed port of the mineralization reactor is connected, and the discharge port of the turbulent mineralization reactor provided in the turbulent mineralization reaction system is connected to the feed port of the jet splitter provided in the loop flotation separation system through a pipeline.
  • the separation system is equipped with a bottom middle ore outlet that is connected to the feed port of the forced mixing conditioner through a pipeline, and the loop flotation separator tailing outlet provided in the loop flotation separation system is connected to the centrifugal flotation separation system through a pipeline.
  • Some centrifugal flotation separators are connected to the feed port, and the centrifugal flotation separator foam outlet of the centrifugal flotation separation system is connected to the turbulent mineralization reactor feed port of the loop flotation separation system through a pipeline.
  • the forced mixing and tempering system is provided with a cylindrical forced mixing and tempering device, the tempered pulp outlet and the circulating pulp outlet are respectively arranged on the top of the forced mixing and tempering device, and the forced mixing and tempering device is provided with an outside device.
  • the mass device is equipped, and the slurry generates shearing force in the forced mixing conditioner to strengthen the mineralization effect of the slurry;
  • the turbulent mineralization reaction system is provided with a cylindrical turbulent mineralization reactor, the discharge port of the turbulent mineralization reactor is provided on the top of the turbulent mineralization reactor, and the turbulent mineralization reactor is provided with a bottom.
  • Slurry disperser there are multiple dispersing pipelines around the turbulent mineralization reactor on the pulp disperser, and multiple mineralization pipes are arranged between the dispersion pipeline and the turbulent mineralization reactor;
  • the circulating flotation separation system is provided with a circulating flotation separator, the circulating flotation separator is provided with a circulating flotation separator foam tank at the top, and the lowest part of the circulating flotation separator foam tank is provided with a circulating float
  • the foam tank of the separator, the circular outlet at the top of the foam tank of the loop flotation separator is equipped with a feeder, the feed port of the turbulent mineralization reactor is set on the feeder, and the loop flotation separator is provided with The bottom is equipped with a ring-shaped circulation generator jet splitter.
  • the circulation generator jet splitter (8) is equipped with a Zhongkuang tailings separator, and the Zhongkuang outlet and the circulating flotation separator tailings outlet are set at the Zhongkuang tailings separator.
  • the circulation flotation separator is provided with a jet splitter above, and the feed port of the jet splitter is arranged on the jet splitter.
  • the jet splitter is connected to the jet splitter of the circulation generator through multiple pipes.
  • the circulation generator There are multiple circulation jet holes on the jet splitter;
  • the centrifugal flotation separation system includes a centrifugal flotation separator, the top of the centrifugal flotation separator is provided with a centrifugal flotation separator foam tank, and the foam outlet of the centrifugal flotation separator is arranged at the lowest part of the centrifugal flotation separator foam tank, The top of the foam tank of the centrifugal flotation separator is provided with a stirring transmission mechanism.
  • the feed inlet of the centrifugal flotation separator is arranged on one side of the centrifugal flotation separator and extends into the centrifugal flotation separator through a pipeline.
  • the bottom of the separator is equipped with a gas dispersion box.
  • the gas dispersion box is equipped with a centrifugal flotation separator tailing outlet and a second microbubble generator.
  • a forced circulation centrifugal mineralization generator is installed near the bottom of the centrifugal flotation separator.
  • the forced circulation centrifugal mineralization generator consists of an upper diversion cylinder, a propulsion wheel, a dispersing stator, a centrifugal mineralization wheel and a lower diversion device arranged under the centrifugal mineralization wheel and fixed at the bottom of the tank.
  • the lower diversion device includes a guide The flow inverted cone, the discharging bottom plate and the lower guide tube set in the middle of the discharging bottom plate;
  • the dispersing stator includes a mineralization cover plate and a slurry dispersion plate.
  • the slurry dispersion plate has a rectangular structure and is set under the mineralization cover plate;
  • the discharging bottom plate is set in the centrifugal flotation separator near the bottom, the center of the discharging bottom plate is provided with a lower deflector, and the discharging bottom plate is provided with a plurality of through holes around the center, and the discharging bottom plate and the centrifugal float There is a gap between the outer walls of the separator, the material bottom plate is equipped with a diversion inverted cone, and the diversion cone is equipped with a rectangular structure pointing to the center of the circle and a plurality of pulp dispersion plates arranged vertically.
  • Mineralization cover plate the center of the mineralization cover plate is provided with an upper deflector, and the upper deflector is equipped with a propulsion wheel, wherein the stirring transmission mechanism extends into the mine through the center of the upper deflector and the mineralization cover through the transmission shaft
  • the space between the mineralization cover plate and the discharge bottom plate, the end of the drive shaft is equipped with a centrifugal mineralization wheel in the space between the mineralization cover plate and the discharge bottom plate, and the mineralization cover plate and the discharge bottom plate are equipped with discharge hole.
  • the multiple jet pipes arranged between the forced mixing conditioner and the forced mixing conditioner are alternately arranged jet impingement pipes and jet cross-flow pipes.
  • the multi-branched mineralization pipes arranged between the dispersing pipeline and the turbulent mineralization reactor include alternately arranged cross-flow pre-mineralization pipes and impinging stream pre-mineralization pipes, wherein the cross-flow pre-mineralization pipe and the impinging stream
  • the premineralization tube is equipped with a first microbubble generator
  • the turbulent mineralization reactor is provided with a vortex generator with a plurality of convex structures on the inner wall.
  • the circulation generator jet splitter is provided with a ring plate on the outside, a gap is left on the bottom plate between the ring plate and the outer wall, and the circulation generator jet splitter (8) is provided with a plurality of circulation jet cavities and passes through the circulation jet cavities The injection hole on the upper part produces a circulation.
  • An outer cylinder wall is arranged between the inner ring of the circulation generator jet splitter and the Zhongkuang tailings separator.
  • the outlet direction of the injection cavity is along the inner wall of the ring plate; a feed hole is arranged above the circulation injection cavity, It is connected with the outlet pipe of the jet splitter; the slurry distributor jet splitter is arranged in the middle of the bottom plate, and the jet splitter of the slurry distributor has a cylindrical structure, and the outer cylinder wall is 0.5-1.0m higher than the bottom plate.
  • a hybrid separation method based on fluid enhancement the steps are as follows:
  • the pulp and medicament are fed into the forced mixing conditioner through the pipeline through the feed port of the forced mixing conditioner, and then flow out from the circulating slurry outlet and fed into the forced mixing conditioner distribution tank through the circulating pump.
  • the solid-liquid two-phase system of slurry and medicament is injected into the forced mixing conditioner through jet impingement and jet cross-flow at high speed.
  • the strengthening agent is The adsorption of the surface of the mineral particles of the ore slurry, the circulating ore slurry is equipped with a circulating pump to realize multiple circulation mixing and tempering in the system, and the tempered ore slurry is discharged through the tempered slurry outlet and fed into the turbulent mineralization reactor through the pipeline;
  • the quenched and tempered slurry enters the slurry disperser from the feed port of the turbulent mineralization reactor, and is fed into the turbulent mineralization reaction through the cross-flow premineralization pipe and the impinging stream premineralization pipe alternately arranged on the dispersion pipeline
  • the turbulent mineralization reaction is provided, the slurry is mixed with air through the first microbubble generator.
  • the three-phase system of air, slurry, and coal particles in the slurry in the turbulent mineralization reactor is in the high-speed impact flow and Under the forced turbulent flow environment dominated by forced shear flow, high-efficiency collisions between fine particles and bubbles are realized, and the efficiency and capacity of the flotation mineralization reaction are enhanced, and then discharged from the discharge port of the turbulent mineralization reactor and fed into the jet splitter through the pipeline. Feed mouth
  • the slurry is fed into the jet splitter through the inlet of the jet splitter, and is fed into the circulation generator jet splitter through the jet splitter from multiple pipes, and the slurry is sprayed out from the circulation jet cavity of the circulation generator jet splitter.
  • a circular flow is formed between the barrel wall and the ring plate to further strengthen the flotation recovery effect of difficult-to-float particles.
  • the underflow product separated by the jet splitter of the centrifugal flotation separator is discharged from the tailings outlet of the circular flotation separator as the final tailings.
  • the separated medium ore is discharged from the medium ore outlet and fed into the feed port of the forced mixing conditioner through a pipeline.
  • the discharged tailings slurry is fed into the feed inlet of the centrifugal flotation separator through the pipeline, and the circulating flotation separator is set up
  • the froth tank of the circulating flotation separator at the top collects the overflowing foam and discharges it as a concentrate product from the outlet of the foam tank of the circulating flotation separator;
  • the tailings slurry is fed from the inlet of the centrifugal flotation separator into the centrifugal flotation separator, the jet splitter enters the upper guide tube, and the propelling wheel is pushed into the space between the mineralization cover plate and the discharge bottom plate.
  • the centrifugal mineralization wheel in the space rotates under the drive of the agitating transmission mechanism through the transmission shaft, so that the tailings slurry is continuously produced in the tailings slurry under the action of the centrifugal mineralization wheel along the rectangular slurry dispersing plate and the deflector inverted cone With the rising buoyancy, a foam layer is formed on the top of the rising tailings slurry, which is finally discharged from the foam outlet of the centrifugal flotation separator of the foam tank of the centrifugal flotation separator, and fed into the feeder of the circulation flotation separator through the pipeline Repetitive separation at the outlet.
  • the tailings slurry of the centrifugal flotation separator jet splitter at the attachment of the discharge bottom plate is difficult to select particles, and flows out through the discharge hole on the discharge bottom plate, and a part of the difficult particles are separated by centrifugal flotation in the gas dispersion box
  • the tailings outlet of the device is discharged, and another part of the difficult-to-select particles is sucked into the space of the centrifugal mineralization wheel under the centrifugal suction force of the centrifugal mineralization wheel through the lower guide tube in the middle of the discharge bottom plate, and is generated when the centrifugal mineralization wheel rotates
  • the centrifugal force continues to generate buoyancy for the tailings slurry, and the refractory particles are dispersed in the slurry to continue circulating.
  • the invention uses multiple turbulence fields to strengthen the mixing and separation process as an entry point, and improves the mixing and separation efficiency of difficult-to-float mineral particles through the reasonable design of the mixing and separation device structure and the mixing and separation process, as well as the reasonable design of the local slurry circulation and the system slurry circulation. And the ability to provide a system to strengthen mineral mixing and separation technology from the perspective of fluid flow.
  • the solid-liquid two-phase system strengthens the adsorption of the agent on the surface of the mineral particles under the action of the high-speed impinging flow and the forced shear cross-flow in the forced mixing conditioner, and the multiple cycles of mixing and conditioning of the slurry inside the conditioner further improve The hydrophobicity of the particle surface is improved;
  • the tempered gas-liquid-solid three-phase system in the turbulent mineralization reactor under the forced turbulence environment dominated by high-speed impinging flow and forced shear flow achieves high-efficiency collisions between fine particles and bubbles, which improves Mineralization effect;
  • the three-phase system after high-efficiency mineralization is sorted by the circulation flotation separator and the centrifugal flotation separator in turn, the mineral products of the circulation flotation separator are returned to the forced mixing conditioner, the mixing and separation process is repeated, and the centrifugation
  • the forced circulation system of the flotation separator further strengthens the flotation recovery of difficult-to-float particles, and the foam product separated by the centrifugal flotation separat
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid separation system based on fluid enhancement of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forced mixing conditioner of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulent flow mineralization reactor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulation generator of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the forced circulation centrifugal mineralization generator of the present invention.
  • 1-forced mixing and conditioning system 2-turbulent mineralization reaction system, 3-circulation flotation separation system, 4-centrifugal flotation separation system, 5-forced mixing and conditioning system, 6-circulating pump, 7- Turbulent mineralization reactor, 8-jet splitter, 9-feeder, 10-circulation flotation separator, 11-slurry distributor, 12-circulation generator, 13-centrifugal flotation separator, 14-forced circulation Centrifugal mineralization generator, 15-second microbubble generator, 16-stirring transmission mechanism, 17-gas dispersion box, 18-jet impingement tube, 19-jet cross-flow tube, 20-cross-flow premineralization tube, 21 -Impacting stream premineralization tube, 22-First microbubble generator, 23-Vortex generator, 24-Bottom plate, 25-Outer cylinder wall, 26-Annular plate, 27-Circular jet cavity, 28-Inverted diversion cone , 29-lower deflector, 30-advancing wheel, 31-slurry dispersion plate,
  • the fluid-enhanced mixing and separation system of the present invention includes a forced mixing and tempering system 1, a turbulent mineralization reaction system 2, a circulation flotation separation system 3, and a centrifugal flotation separation system 4 connected by pipelines.
  • the circulating slurry outlet C of the forced mixing and tempering system 1 is connected to the inlet D of the distribution tank of the forced mixing and tempering device through the circulating pump 6, and the tempered slurry outlet B is connected to the turbulent mineralization reaction system 2 through the pipeline.
  • the reactor feed port E is connected, and the turbulent mineralization reactor discharge port F of the turbulent mineralization reaction system 2 is connected to the jet splitter feed port G of the loop flotation separation system 3 through a pipeline, and the loop flotation separation
  • the middle mine outlet J at the bottom of the system 3 is connected to the feed port A of the forced mixing conditioner through a pipeline, and the tailings outlet K of the circulating flotation separator of the circulating flotation separation system 3 is connected to the centrifugal flotation separation system 4 through the pipeline.
  • the centrifugal flotation separator feed port M is connected, and the centrifugal flotation separator foam outlet L of the centrifugal flotation separation system 4 is connected to the turbulent mineralization reactor feed port H of the loop flotation separation system 3 through a pipeline ;
  • the forced mixing and tempering system 1 includes a cylindrical forced mixing and tempering device 5.
  • the tempered pulp outlet B and the circulating pulp outlet C are respectively arranged on the top of the forced mixing and tempering device 5, and the outside of the forced mixing and conditioner 5 is provided with pulp Disperser, the slurry disperser is provided with multiple dispersion pipelines around the forced mixing conditioner 5, and there are multiple injection pipes between the dispersion pipeline and the forced mixing conditioner 5 to inject the slurry into the forced mixing conditioner 5, and make the slurry produce shear force in the forced mixing conditioner 5 to enhance the mineralization effect of the slurry; as shown in Figure 2, the forced mixing conditioner 5 is provided between the multiple dispersion pipelines
  • the multiple injection pipes are alternately arranged injection impingement pipe 18 and injection cross-flow pipe 19;
  • the turbulent mineralization reaction system 2 includes a cylindrical turbulent mineralization reactor 7.
  • the discharge port F of the turbulent mineralization reactor is set on the top of the turbulent mineralization reactor 7, and the bottom of the turbulent mineralization reactor 7 is provided with a slurry disperser.
  • the slurry disperser is provided with multiple dispersion pipelines around the turbulent mineralization reactor 7, and there are multiple mineralization pipes between the dispersion pipeline and the turbulent mineralization reactor 7, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the tube includes alternately arranged cross-flow pre-mineralization tubes 20 and impinging stream pre-mineralization tubes 21, wherein the cross-flow pre-mineralization tube 20 and the impinging stream pre-mineralization tubes 21 are both provided with a first microbubble generator 22, A plurality of vortex generators 23 with convex structures are provided on the inner wall of the turbulent mineralization reactor 7;
  • the loop flotation separation system 3 includes a loop flotation separator 10, the top of the loop flotation separator 10 is provided with a loop flotation separator foam tank, and the lowest part of the loop flotation separator foam tank is provided with a loop flotation separator Foam tank I, circular flow flotation separator foam tank top is provided with a feeder 9, the turbulent mineralization reactor feed port H is set on the feeder 9, the bottom of the circular flow flotation separator 10 is provided with a ring
  • the circular flow generator 12 is equipped with the Zhongkuang tailings separator, the Zhongkuang outlet J and the circular flotation separator tailings outlet K are set on the Zhongkuang tailings separator, and the circular flow separator 10 A jet splitter 8 is provided on the upper side.
  • the jet splitter feed port G is provided on the jet splitter 8.
  • the jet splitter 8 is connected to the circulation generator 12 through multiple pipes, and the circulation generator 12 is provided with multiple circulation jets.
  • a ring plate 26 is provided on the outside of the circulation generator 12
  • a gap is left on the bottom plate 24 between the ring plate 26 and the outer wall
  • a plurality of circulation jet cavities 27 are provided on the circulation generator 12 and pass
  • the nozzle hole on the circulation jet cavity 27 generates a circulation.
  • An outer cylinder wall 25 is provided between the inner ring of the circulation generator 12 and the Zhongkuang tailings separator.
  • the outlet direction of the jet cavity is along the inner wall of the ring plate; the circulation jet cavity 27 is provided above The feed hole is connected with the outlet pipe of the jet splitter 8; a slurry distributor 11 is arranged in the middle of the bottom plate 24, the slurry distributor 11 is a cylindrical structure, and the outer cylinder wall 25 is higher than the bottom plate by 240.5-1.0m;
  • the centrifugal flotation separation system 4 includes a centrifugal flotation separator 13.
  • the top of the centrifugal flotation separator 13 is provided with a centrifugal flotation separator foam tank, and the centrifugal flotation separator foam outlet L is set in the centrifugal flotation separator 13
  • the top of the foam tank of the centrifugal flotation separator is provided with a stirring transmission mechanism 16, and the feed port M of the centrifugal flotation separator is arranged on the side of the centrifugal flotation separator 13 and extends through the pipeline
  • a gas dispersion box 17 is provided at the bottom of the centrifugal flotation separator 13, and the gas dispersion box 17 is provided with a centrifugal flotation separator tailing outlet N and a second microbubble generator 15.
  • a forced circulation centrifugal mineralization generator 14 is provided near the bottom of the centrifugal flotation separator 13.
  • the forced circulation centrifugal mineralization generator 14 includes an upper deflector 32, a propulsion wheel 30, a dispersion stator, a centrifugal mineralization wheel 34 and It is composed of a lower diversion device arranged under the centrifugal mineralization wheel 34 and fixed at the bottom of the tank.
  • the lower diversion device includes a diversion inverted cone 28, a discharge bottom plate 35 and a lower diversion cylinder 29 arranged in the middle of the discharge bottom plate 35
  • the dispersing stator includes a mineralization cover 33 and a pulp dispersion plate 31.
  • the pulp dispersion plate 31 is a rectangular structure and is set under the mineralization cover 33; the specific discharge bottom plate 35 is set in the centrifugal flotation separator 13 near the bottom At the center of the discharge bottom plate 35, a lower deflector 29 is provided.
  • the discharge bottom plate 35 is provided with multiple through holes around the center, and there is a gap between the discharge bottom plate 35 and the outer wall of the centrifugal flotation separator 13 ,
  • the material bottom plate 35 is provided with a diversion inverted cone 29, and the diversion inverted cone 29 is provided with a plurality of slurry dispersion plates 31 with a rectangular structure pointing to the center of the circle, and a mineralization cover plate is provided for each slurry dispersion plate 31. 33.
  • the center of the mineralization cover plate 33 is provided with an upper guide tube 32, and the upper guide tube 32 is provided with a propulsion wheel 30, wherein the stirring transmission mechanism 16 passes through the upper guide tube 32 and the mineralization cover plate 33 through the transmission shaft
  • the center of the shaft extends into the space between the mineralization cover 33 and the discharge bottom plate 35.
  • the end of the drive shaft is provided with a centrifugal mineralization wheel 34 in the space between the mineralization cover 33 and the discharge bottom plate 35, and the mineralization cover
  • the plate 33 and the discharge bottom plate 35 are provided with discharge holes.
  • a hybrid separation method based on fluid enhancement the steps are as follows:
  • the pulp and medicament are fed into the forced mixing conditioner 5 through the pipe through the forced mixing conditioner feed port A, and then flow out from the circulating slurry outlet C and fed into the forced mixing conditioner distribution tank inlet D through the circulating pump 6 ,
  • the solid-liquid two-phase system of pulp and agent is injected into the forced mixing conditioner 5 through jet impingement 18 and jet cross flow 19 at high speed.
  • the pulp and agent are strengthened by the high speed impinging flow and forced shear cross flow during the injection process.
  • the medicament is adsorbed on the surface of the mineral particles of the slurry.
  • the circulating slurry is mixed and tempered multiple times in the system through the circulating pump 6.
  • the tempered slurry is discharged through the tempered slurry outlet B and fed into the turbulent mineralization reactor 7 through the pipeline. ;
  • the quenched and tempered slurry enters the slurry disperser from the feed port E of the turbulent mineralization reactor, and is fed into the turbulent mineralization through the cross-flow premineralization pipe 20 and the impinging flow premineralization pipe 21 alternately arranged on the dispersion pipeline
  • the turbulent mineralization reaction 7 is fed into the slurry and air is mixed into the slurry through the first microbubble generator 22.
  • the three-phase system of air, slurry and coal particles in the slurry in the turbulent mineralization reactor 7 is impinging flow at high speed. Under the forced turbulent flow environment dominated by forced shear flow, it can achieve high-efficiency collision of fine particles and bubbles, enhance the efficiency and capacity of flotation mineralization reaction, and then discharge from the turbulent mineralization reactor outlet F and feed the jet split through the pipeline. ⁇ G;
  • the slurry is fed into the jet splitter 8 through the jet splitter inlet G, and is fed into the circulation generator 12 through the jet splitter 8 from multiple pipes, and the slurry is sprayed out from the circulation jet cavity 27 of the circulation generator 12 A circulating flow is formed between the barrel wall 25 and the ring plate 26 to further strengthen the flotation recovery effect of difficult-to-float particles.
  • the underflow product separated by the centrifugal flotation separator 13 is discharged as the final tailings from the tailings outlet K of the circulating flotation separator ,
  • the separated medium ore is discharged from the medium ore outlet J and fed into the feed port A of the forced mixing conditioner through the pipeline, and the discharged tailings slurry is fed into the feed port M of the centrifugal flotation separator through the pipeline.
  • the froth tank of the circulating flow flotation separator at the top of the separator 10 collects the overflowing foam and discharges it as a concentrate product from the outlet I of the foam tank of the circulating flotation separator;
  • Tailings slurry is fed into the centrifugal flotation separator 13 from the feed port M of the centrifugal flotation separator, enters the upper guide tube 32, and pushes the propelling wheel 30 into the space between the mineralization cover plate 33 and the discharge bottom plate 35
  • the centrifugal mineralization wheel 34 in the space rotates under the drive of the agitating transmission mechanism 16 through the transmission shaft, so that the tailings slurry will follow the rectangular slurry dispersion plate 31 and the guide inverted cone 28 under the action of the centrifugal mineralization wheel 34
  • the rising buoyancy is continuously generated in the tailings slurry, and a foam layer is formed on the top of the rising tailings slurry, which is finally discharged from the foam outlet L of the centrifugal flotation separator of the foam tank of the centrifugal flotation separator, and is fed into the circulating float through the pipeline.
  • the feeder feed port H of the separator repeats the sorting.
  • the tailings slurry attached to the discharge bottom plate 35 of the centrifugal flotation separator 13 is a difficult-to-select particles, and flows out through the discharge hole on the discharge bottom plate 35, and some are difficult to be selected.
  • the particles are discharged from the tailings outlet N of the centrifugal flotation separator of the gas dispersion box 17, and another part of the difficult-to-select particles is sucked into the centrifuge through the lower guide tube 29 in the middle of the discharge bottom plate 35 under the action of the centrifugal suction force of the centrifugal mineralization wheel 34 In the space of the mineralization wheel 35, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the centrifugal mineralization wheel 19 continues to generate buoyancy for the tailings slurry, and the refractory particles are dispersed in the slurry for continuous circulation.

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Abstract

一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法，适用于矿物质分离使用。它包括强制混合调质系统（1）、湍流矿化反应系统（2）、环流浮选分离系统（3）和离心浮选分离系统（4）；其中强制混合调质系统（1）的循环矿浆出口(C)通过循环泵(6)与强制混合调质器分配槽入口(D)管路连接，还通过管路与湍流矿化反应系统（2）相连接，湍流矿化反应系统（2）通过管路与环流浮选分离系统（3）相连接，环流浮选分离系统（3）底部通过管路与强制混合调质器（5）相连接，环流浮选分离系统（3）通过管路与离心浮选分离系统（4）相连接，离心浮选分离系统（4）通过管路与环流浮选分离系统（3）相连接。其步骤简单，使用效果好，通过混合分离装置结构和混合分离流体流动过程的合理设计，以及局部矿浆循环和系统矿浆循环的合理设计，提高了对难浮矿物颗粒的混合分离效率和能力。

Description

一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法，尤其适用于煤矿加工中对矿物颗粒或煤泥分离使用的基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法。
背景技术
矿物浮选过程是一个典型的流程性工艺，涉及颗粒与药剂的吸附、颗粒与气泡的矿化以及矿化气泡的分离等过程，其本质是一个混合分离过程，流体的作用始终贯穿其中。随着矿石贫化及其分选尺度细化，除工艺与药剂外，选矿过程(或流体动力学过程)的影响日益显现。浮选需要加药的同时，还需要能量输入。矿石越难选，粒度越细，需要的能量就越大，这就要求随着分选过程持续能量注入得到不断加强，但目前尚缺乏从流体流动角度系统强化矿物混合分离过程的研究及相关技术，如颗粒、药剂、气泡对流体环境的响应机制，不同流体环境下颗粒、气泡、药剂之间的相互作用等，具体涉及传统的浮选前调浆过程、浮选矿化过程、浮选分离过程等。因此，亟需从流体流动角度，系统构建基于流体适配的混合分离过程，以强化对矿物颗粒(或煤泥)的分选效率与能力。
发明内容
技术问题：针对上述技术问题，提供一种结构简单，分选效果好的基于流体强化的混合分离系统及方法。
技术方案：为实现上述技术目的，本发明的基于流体强化的混合分离系统，包括强制混合调质系统、湍流矿化反应系统、环流浮选分离系统和离心浮选分离系统，所述强制混合调质系统包括强制混合调质器和循环泵，强制混合调质器为筒形结构，筒体周边设置有多个喷射撞击管和多个喷射错流管，筒体上部循环矿浆出口经循环泵用管路接入分配槽入口，分配槽与喷射撞击管和喷射错流管之间用管路连接，筒体上部调质矿浆出口通过管道接入湍流矿化反应器；所述湍流矿化反应系统包括筒形结构的湍流矿化反应系器，筒周边设置有多个错流预矿化管、多个撞击流预矿化管、多个第一微泡发生器，筒内部设置有涡流发生器，湍流矿化反应器通过管道与环流浮选分离器相连；所述环流浮选分离系统包括筒形结构的环流浮选分离器，设置有喷射分流器、给料器、矿浆分配器和环流发生器，环流浮选分离器的中矿出口通过管路接入强制混合调质器的给料口，环流浮选分离器的泡沫槽出口通过管路接入离心浮选分离器；所述离心浮选分离系统包括筒形结构的离心浮选分离器，设置有搅拌传动机构、强制循环离心矿化发生器、气体分散箱，气体分散箱上设置有第二微泡发生器，离心浮选分离器的泡沫出口与环流浮选分离器的给料器通过管道相连。
本发明基于流体强化的混合分离系统，其特征在于：它包括通过管路连接的强制混合调质系统设有、湍流矿化反应系统设有、环流浮选分离系统设有和离心浮选分离系统设有，其中强制混合调质系统设有的循环矿浆出口通过循环泵设有与强制混合调质器分配槽入口管路连接，调质矿浆出口通过管路与湍流 矿化反应系统设有的湍流矿化反应器进料口相连接，湍流矿化反应系统设有的湍流矿化反应器出料口通过管路与环流浮选分离系统设有的喷射分流器进料口相连接，环流浮选分离系统设有底部的中矿出口通过管路与强制混合调质器给料口相连接，环流浮选分离系统设有的环流浮选分离器尾矿出口通过管路与离心浮选分离系统设有的离心浮选分离器进料口相连接，离心浮选分离系统设有的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口通过管路与环流浮选分离系统设有的湍流矿化反应器进料口相连接；
所述强制混合调质系统设有包括圆柱状的强制混合调质器设有，调质矿浆出口和循环矿浆出口分别设置在强制混合调质器设有顶部，强制混合调质器设有外侧设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕强制混合调质器设有多根分散管路，分散管路与强制混合调质器设有之间设有多支喷射管用以将矿浆喷射入强制混合调质器设有，并使矿浆在强制混合调质器设有内产生剪切力从而加强矿浆的矿化效果；
所述湍流矿化反应系统设有包括圆柱状的湍流矿化反应器设有，湍流矿化反应器出料口设置在湍流矿化反应器设有顶部，湍流矿化反应器设有底部设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕湍流矿化反应器设有多根分散管路，分散管路与湍流矿化反应器设有之间分别设有多支矿化管；
所述环流浮选分离系统设有包括环流浮选分离器设有，环流浮选分离器设有顶部设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部的圆形出设有给料器设有，湍流矿化反应器进料口设置在给料器设有上，环流浮选分离器设有底部设有环状的环流发生器喷射分流器，环流发生器喷射分流器(8)中设中矿尾款分选器，中矿出口和环流浮选分离器尾矿出口设置在中矿尾款分选器上，环流浮选分离器设有上方设有喷射分流器，喷射分流器进料口设置在喷射分流器上，喷射分流器通过多支管路与环流发生器喷射分流器相互连接，环流发生器喷射分流器上设有多个环流喷射孔；
所述离心浮选分离系统包括离心浮选分离器，离心浮选分离器顶部设有离心浮选分离器泡沫槽，离心浮选分离器泡沫出口设置在离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处，离心浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部设有搅拌传动机构，离心浮选分离器进料口设置在离心浮选分离器一侧，并通过管路延伸至离心浮选分离器内，所述离心浮选分离器底部设有气体分散箱，气体分散箱上设有离心浮选分离器尾矿出口和第二微泡发生器，在离心浮选分离器内靠近底部处设有强制循环离心矿化发生器，强制循环离心矿化发生器包括上导流筒、推进轮、分散定子、离心矿化轮和设置在离心矿化轮下方固定在槽体底部的下导流装置组成，下导流装置包括导流倒锥、出料底板和设置在出料底板中部的下导流筒组成；分散定子包括矿化盖板和矿浆分散板，矿浆分散板为矩形结构，设置在矿化盖板的下方；具体的出料底板设置在离心浮选分离器内靠近底部处，出料底板的中心处开孔设有下导流筒，出料底板围绕中心设有多个通孔，且出料底板与离心浮选分离器外壁之间留有间隙，料底板上设有导流倒锥，导流倒锥内设有矩形结构指向圆心竖向排列的多个矿浆分散板，个矿浆分散板啥回国了设有矿化盖板，矿化盖板的中心处设有上导流筒，上导流筒中设有推进轮，其中搅拌传动机构通过传动轴通过上导流筒和矿化盖板的中心伸入矿化盖板和出料底板之间的 空间，传动轴端头在矿化盖板和出料底板之间的空间内设有离心矿化轮，矿化盖板和出料底板上设有出料孔。
所述强制混合调质器设有与强制混合调质器设有之间设有的多支喷射管分别为交替设置的喷射撞击管和喷射错流管。
所述分散管路与湍流矿化反应器设有之间设置的多支矿化管包括交替设置的错流预矿化管和撞击流预矿化管，其中错流预矿化管和撞击流预矿化管上均设有第一微泡发生器，湍流矿化反应器设有内壁上设有多个凸起结构的涡流发生器。
所述环流发生器喷射分流器外侧设有环板，环板与外壁之间在底板上留有空隙，环流发生器喷射分流器(8)上设有多个环流喷射腔，并通过环流喷射腔上的喷孔产生环流，环流发生器喷射分流器内圈与中矿尾款分选器之间设有外筒壁，喷射腔出口方向沿着环板内壁；环流喷射腔上方设有进料孔，与喷射分流器出口管相连；底板中间设置有矿浆分配器喷射分流器，矿浆分配器喷射分流器为筒形结构，外筒壁高出底板0.5-1.0m。
一种基于流体强化的混合分离方法，其步骤如下：
a.首先矿浆和药剂由管道通过强制混合调质器给料口给入强制混合调质器设有后从循环矿浆出口流出并通过循环泵设有从强制混合调质器分配槽入口给入，矿浆和药剂固液两相体系通过喷射撞击和喷射错流高速喷射入强制混合调质器设有，矿浆和药剂在喷入过程中高速撞击流和强制剪切错流的作用下，强化药剂在矿浆的矿物颗粒表面的吸附，循环矿浆经循环泵设有实现系统内部多次循环混合调质，调质后的矿浆通过调质矿浆出口排出并通过管路给入湍流矿化反应器设有；
b.调质后的矿浆从湍流矿化反应器进料口进入矿浆分散器，并通过分散管路上交替设置的错流预矿化管和撞击流预矿化管给入湍流矿化反应设有，给入湍流矿化反应设有的同时通过第一微泡发生器给矿浆混入空气，湍流矿化反应器设有内的空气、矿浆和矿浆中的煤炭颗粒三相体系在以高速撞击流和强制剪切流为主的强制湍流环境下，实现微细颗粒与气泡高效碰撞，强化浮选矿化反应效率和能力后从湍流矿化反应器出料口排出并通过管路给入喷射分流器进料口；
c.矿浆通过喷射分流器进料口给入喷射分流器，并通过喷射分流器从多支管路给入环流发生器喷射分流器，矿浆从环流发生器喷射分流器的环流喷射腔中喷出在外筒壁与环板之间形成环流，进一步强化对难浮颗粒的浮选回收效果，离心浮选分离器喷射分流器分离出的底流产品作为最终尾矿从环流浮选分离器尾矿出口排出，分选出的中矿从中矿出口排出并通过管路给入强制混合调质器给料口，排出的尾矿矿浆通过管路给入离心浮选分离器进料口，环流浮选分离器设有顶部的环流浮选分离器泡沫槽收集溢出的泡沫，并从环流浮选分离器泡沫槽出口作为精矿产品排出；
d.尾矿矿浆从离心浮选分离器进料口给入离心浮选分离器喷射分流器进入上导流筒，并推动推进轮进入矿化盖板与出料底板之间的空间，此时空间内的离心矿化轮在搅拌传动机构通过传动轴的带动下旋 转，使尾矿矿浆在离心矿化轮的作用下顺着矩形矿浆分散板和导流倒锥在尾矿矿浆中不停产生上升的浮力，上升的尾矿矿浆顶部生成泡沫层，最终从离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口排出，并通过管路给入环流浮选分离器的给料器进料口重复分选，离心浮选分离器喷射分流器在出料底板附件的尾矿矿浆为难选颗粒，经出料底板上的出料孔流出，一部分难选颗粒由气体分散箱的离心浮选分离器尾矿出口排出，另一部分难选颗粒在离心矿化轮离心吸唑力作用下经出料底板中部的下导流筒被吸入离心矿化轮的空间内，经离心矿化轮旋转时产生的离心力继续给尾矿矿浆产生浮力，并将难选颗粒分散在矿浆中继续循环。
有益效果：
本发明以多重湍流场强化混合分离过程为切入点，通过混合分离装置结构和混合分离过程的合理设计，以及局部矿浆循环和系统矿浆循环的合理设计，来提高对难浮矿物颗粒的混合分离效率和能力,提供了一种从流体流动角度系统强化矿物混合分离的技术。固液两相体系在强制混合调质器内高速撞击流和强制剪切错流的作用下，强化了药剂在矿物颗粒表面的吸附，调质器内部矿浆的多次循环混合调质，进一步改善了颗粒表面疏水性；调质后的气液固三相体系在湍流矿化反应器内高速撞击流和强制剪切流为主的强制湍流环境下，实现了微细颗粒与气泡高效碰撞，提高了矿化效果；高效矿化后的三相体系依次经环流浮选分离器和离心浮选分离器分选，环流浮选分离器的中矿产品返回强制混合调质器，重复混合分离过程，离心浮选分离器的强制循环系统进一步强化对难浮颗粒的浮选回收，离心浮选分离器分离出的泡沫产品返回环流浮选分离器重复分选。通过混合分离装置结构和混合分离流体流动过程的合理设计，以及局部矿浆循环和系统矿浆循环的合理设计，提高了对难浮矿物颗粒的混合分离效率和能力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的基于流体强化的混合分离系统示意图。
图2是本发明的强制混合调质器结构示意图。
图3是本发明的湍流矿化反应器结构示意图。
图4是本发明的环流发生器结构示意图。
图5是本发明的强制循环离心矿化发生器结构示意图。
图中：1－强制混合调质系统，2－湍流矿化反应系统，3－环流浮选分离系统，4－离心浮选分离系统，5－强制混合调质器，6－循环泵，7－湍流矿化反应器，8－喷射分流器，9－给料器，10－环流浮选分离器，11－矿浆分配器，12－环流发生器，13－离心浮选分离器，14－强制循环离心矿化发生器，15－第二微泡发生器，16－搅拌传动机构，17－气体分散箱，18－喷射撞击管，19－喷射错流管，20－错流预矿化管，21－撞击流预矿化管，22－第一微泡发生器，23－涡流发生器，24－底板，25－外筒壁，26－环板，27－环流喷射腔，28－导流倒锥，29－下导流筒，30－推进轮，31－矿浆分散板，32－上导流筒，33－矿化盖板，34－离心矿化轮，35－出料底板，A－强制混合调质器给料口，B－调质矿浆出口， C－循环矿浆出口，D-强制混合调质器分配槽入口，E－湍流矿化反应器进料口，F－湍流矿化反应器出料口，G－喷射分流器进料口，H－给料器进料口，I－环流浮选分离器泡沫槽出口，J－中矿出口,K－环流浮选分离器尾矿出口，L－离心浮选分离器泡沫出口，M－离心浮选分离器进料口，N－离心浮选分离器尾矿出口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述：
如图1所示，本发明的基于流体强化的混合分离系统，包括通过管路连接的强制混合调质系统1、湍流矿化反应系统2、环流浮选分离系统3和离心浮选分离系统4，其中强制混合调质系统1的循环矿浆出口C通过循环泵6与强制混合调质器分配槽入口D管路连接，调质矿浆出口B通过管路与湍流矿化反应系统2的湍流矿化反应器进料口E相连接，湍流矿化反应系统2的湍流矿化反应器出料口F通过管路与环流浮选分离系统3的喷射分流器进料口G相连接，环流浮选分离系统3底部的中矿出口J通过管路与强制混合调质器给料口A相连接，环流浮选分离系统3的环流浮选分离器尾矿出口K通过管路与离心浮选分离系统4的离心浮选分离器进料口M相连接，离心浮选分离系统4的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口L通过管路与环流浮选分离系统3的湍流矿化反应器进料口H相连接；
所述强制混合调质系统1包括圆柱状的强制混合调质器5，调质矿浆出口B和循环矿浆出口C分别设置在强制混合调质器5顶部，强制混合调质器5外侧设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕强制混合调质器5设有多根分散管路，分散管路与强制混合调质器5之间设有多支喷射管用以将矿浆喷射入强制混合调质器5，并使矿浆在强制混合调质器5内产生剪切力从而加强矿浆的矿化效果；如图2所示，所述强制混合调质器5与多根分散管路之间设有的多支喷射管分别为交替设置的喷射撞击管18和喷射错流管19；
所述湍流矿化反应系统2包括圆柱状的湍流矿化反应器7，湍流矿化反应器出料口F设置在湍流矿化反应器7顶部，湍流矿化反应器7底部设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕湍流矿化反应器7设有多根分散管路，分散管路与湍流矿化反应器7之间分别设有多支矿化管，如图3所示，多支矿化管包括交替设置的错流预矿化管20和撞击流预矿化管21，其中错流预矿化管20和撞击流预矿化管21上均设有第一微泡发生器22，湍流矿化反应器7内壁上设有多个凸起结构的涡流发生器23；
所述环流浮选分离系统3包括环流浮选分离器10，环流浮选分离器10顶部设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽I，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部的圆形出设有给料器9，湍流矿化反应器进料口H设置在给料器9上，环流浮选分离器10底部设有环状的环流发生器12，环流发生器12中设中矿尾款分选器，中矿出口J和环流浮选分离器尾矿出口K设置在中矿尾款分选器上，环流浮选分离器10上方设有喷射分流器8，喷射分流器进料口G设置在喷射分流器8上，喷射分流器8通过多支管路与环流发生器12相互连接，环流发生器12上设有多个环流喷射孔；如 图4所示，环流发生器12外侧设有环板26，环板26与外壁之间在底板24上留有空隙，环流发生器12上设有多个环流喷射腔27，并通过环流喷射腔27上的喷孔产生环流，环流发生器12内圈与中矿尾款分选器之间设有外筒壁25，喷射腔出口方向沿着环板内壁；环流喷射腔27上方设有进料孔，与喷射分流器8出口管相连；底板24中间设置有矿浆分配器11，矿浆分配器11为筒形结构，外筒壁25高出底板240.5-1.0m；
如图5所示，所述离心浮选分离系统4包括离心浮选分离器13，离心浮选分离器13顶部设有离心浮选分离器泡沫槽，离心浮选分离器泡沫出口L设置在离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处，离心浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部设有搅拌传动机构16，离心浮选分离器进料口M设置在离心浮选分离器13一侧，并通过管路延伸至离心浮选分离器13内，所述离心浮选分离器13底部设有气体分散箱17，气体分散箱17上设有离心浮选分离器尾矿出口N和第二微泡发生器15，在离心浮选分离器13内靠近底部处设有强制循环离心矿化发生器14，强制循环离心矿化发生器14包括上导流筒32、推进轮30、分散定子、离心矿化轮34和设置在离心矿化轮34下方固定在槽体底部的下导流装置组成，下导流装置包括导流倒锥28、出料底板35和设置在出料底板35中部的下导流筒29组成；分散定子包括矿化盖板33和矿浆分散板31，矿浆分散板31为矩形结构，设置在矿化盖板33的下方；具体的出料底板35设置在离心浮选分离器13内靠近底部处，出料底板35的中心处开孔设有下导流筒29，出料底板35围绕中心设有多个通孔，且出料底板35与离心浮选分离器13外壁之间留有间隙，料底板35上设有导流倒锥29，导流倒锥29内设有矩形结构指向圆心竖向排列的多个矿浆分散板31，个矿浆分散板31啥回国了设有矿化盖板33，矿化盖板33的中心处设有上导流筒32，上导流筒32中设有推进轮30，其中搅拌传动机构16通过传动轴通过上导流筒32和矿化盖板33的中心伸入矿化盖板33和出料底板35之间的空间，传动轴端头在矿化盖板33和出料底板35之间的空间内设有离心矿化轮34，矿化盖板33和出料底板35上设有出料孔。
一种基于流体强化的混合分离方法，其步骤如下：
a.首先矿浆和药剂由管道通过强制混合调质器给料口A给入强制混合调质器5后从循环矿浆出口C流出并通过循环泵6从强制混合调质器分配槽入口D给入，矿浆和药剂固液两相体系通过喷射撞击18和喷射错流19高速喷射入强制混合调质器5，矿浆和药剂在喷入过程中高速撞击流和强制剪切错流的作用下，强化药剂在矿浆的矿物颗粒表面的吸附，循环矿浆经循环泵6实现系统内部多次循环混合调质，调质后的矿浆通过调质矿浆出口B排出并通过管路给入湍流矿化反应器7；
b.调质后的矿浆从湍流矿化反应器进料口E进入矿浆分散器，并通过分散管路上交替设置的错流预矿化管20和撞击流预矿化管21给入湍流矿化反应7，给入湍流矿化反应7的同时通过第一微泡发生器22给矿浆混入空气，湍流矿化反应器7内的空气、矿浆和矿浆中的煤炭颗粒三相体系在以高速撞击流和强制剪切流为主的强制湍流环境下，实现微细颗粒与气泡高效碰撞，强化浮选矿化反应效率和能力后从湍流矿化反应器出料口F排出并通过管路给入喷射分流器进料口G；
c.矿浆通过喷射分流器进料口G给入喷射分流器8，并通过喷射分流器8从多支管路给入环流发生器12，矿浆从环流发生器12的环流喷射腔27中喷出在外筒壁25与环板26之间形成环流，进一步强化对难浮颗粒的浮选回收效果，离心浮选分离器13分离出的底流产品作为最终尾矿从环流浮选分离器尾矿出口K排出，分选出的中矿从中矿出口J排出并通过管路给入强制混合调质器给料口A，排出的尾矿矿浆通过管路给入离心浮选分离器进料口M，环流浮选分离器10顶部的环流浮选分离器泡沫槽收集溢出的泡沫，并从环流浮选分离器泡沫槽出口I作为精矿产品排出；
d.尾矿矿浆从离心浮选分离器进料口M给入离心浮选分离器13进入上导流筒32，并推动推进轮30进入矿化盖板33与出料底板35之间的空间，此时空间内的离心矿化轮34在搅拌传动机构16通过传动轴的带动下旋转，使尾矿矿浆在离心矿化轮34的作用下顺着矩形矿浆分散板31和导流倒锥28在尾矿矿浆中不停产生上升的浮力，上升的尾矿矿浆顶部生成泡沫层，最终从离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口L排出，并通过管路给入环流浮选分离器的给料器进料口H重复分选，离心浮选分离器13在出料底板35附件的尾矿矿浆为难选颗粒，经出料底板35上的出料孔流出，一部分难选颗粒由气体分散箱17的离心浮选分离器尾矿出口N排出，另一部分难选颗粒在离心矿化轮34离心吸唑力作用下经出料底板35中部的下导流筒29被吸入离心矿化轮35的空间内，经离心矿化轮19旋转时产生的离心力继续给尾矿矿浆产生浮力，并将难选颗粒分散在矿浆中继续循环。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种基于流体强化的混合分离系统，其特征在于：它包括通过管路连接的强制混合调质系统(1)、湍流矿化反应系统(2)、环流浮选分离系统(3)和离心浮选分离系统(4)，其中强制混合调质系统(1)的循环矿浆出口(C)通过循环泵(6)与强制混合调质器分配槽入口(D)管路连接，调质矿浆出口(B)通过管路与湍流矿化反应系统(2)的湍流矿化反应器进料口(E)相连接，湍流矿化反应系统(2)的湍流矿化反应器出料口(F)通过管路与环流浮选分离系统(3)的喷射分流器进料口(G)相连接，环流浮选分离系统(3)底部的中矿出口(J)通过管路与强制混合调质器给料口(A)相连接，环流浮选分离系统(3)的环流浮选分离器尾矿出口(K)通过管路与离心浮选分离系统(4)的离心浮选分离器进料口(M)相连接，离心浮选分离系统(4)的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口(L)通过管路与环流浮选分离系统(3)的湍流矿化反应器进料口(H)相连接；
    所述强制混合调质系统(1)包括圆柱状的强制混合调质器(5)，调质矿浆出口(B)和循环矿浆出口(C)分别设置在强制混合调质器(5)顶部，强制混合调质器(5)外侧设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕强制混合调质器(5)设有多根分散管路，分散管路与强制混合调质器(5)之间设有多支喷射管用以将矿浆喷射入强制混合调质器(5)，并使矿浆在强制混合调质器(5)内产生剪切力从而加强矿浆的矿化效果；
    所述湍流矿化反应系统(2)包括圆柱状的湍流矿化反应器(7)，湍流矿化反应器出料口(F)设置在湍流矿化反应器(7)顶部，湍流矿化反应器(7)底部设有矿浆分散器，矿浆分散器上围绕湍流矿化反应器(7)设有多根分散管路，分散管路与湍流矿化反应器(7)之间分别设有多支矿化管；
    所述环流浮选分离系统(3)包括环流浮选分离器(10)，环流浮选分离器(10)顶部设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处设有环流浮选分离器泡沫槽(I)，环流浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部的圆形出设有给料器(9)，湍流矿化反应器进料口(H)设置在给料器(9)上，环流浮选分离器(10)底部设有环状的环流发生器(12)，环流发生器(12)中设中矿尾款分选器，中矿出口(J)和环流浮选分离器尾矿出口(K)设置在中矿尾款分选器上，环流浮选分离器(10)上方设有喷射分流器(8)，喷射分流器进料口(G)设置在喷射分流器(8)上，喷射分流器(8)通过多支管路与环流发生器(12)相互连接，环流发生器(12)上设有多个环流喷射孔；
    所述离心浮选分离系统(4)包括离心浮选分离器(13)，离心浮选分离器(13)顶部设有离心浮选分离器泡沫槽，离心浮选分离器泡沫出口(L)设置在离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的最低处，离心浮选分离器泡沫槽顶部设有搅拌传动机构(16)，离心浮选分离器进料口(M)设置在离心浮选分离器(13)一侧，并通过管路延伸至离心浮选分离器(13)内，所述离心浮选分离器(13)底部设有气体分散箱(17)，气体分散箱(17)上设有离心浮选分离器尾矿出口(N)和第二微泡发生器(15)，在离心浮选分离器(13)内靠近底部处设有强制循环离心矿化发生器(14)，强制循环离心矿化发生器(14)包括上导流筒(32)、推进轮(30)、分散定子、离心矿化轮(34)和设置在离心矿化轮(34)下方固定在槽体底部的下导流 装置组成，下导流装置包括导流倒锥(28)、出料底板(35)和设置在出料底板(35)中部的下导流筒(29)组成；分散定子包括矿化盖板(33)和矿浆分散板(31)，矿浆分散板(31)为矩形结构，设置在矿化盖板(33)的下方；具体的出料底板(35)设置在离心浮选分离器(13)内靠近底部处，出料底板(35)的中心处开孔设有下导流筒(29)，出料底板(35)围绕中心设有多个通孔，且出料底板(35)与离心浮选分离器(13)外壁之间留有间隙，料底板(35)上设有导流倒锥(29)，导流倒锥(29)内设有矩形结构指向圆心竖向排列的多个矿浆分散板(31)，个矿浆分散板(31)啥回国了设有矿化盖板(33)，矿化盖板(33)的中心处设有上导流筒(32)，上导流筒(32)中设有推进轮(30)，其中搅拌传动机构(16)通过传动轴通过上导流筒(32)和矿化盖板(33)的中心伸入矿化盖板(33)和出料底板(35)之间的空间，传动轴端头在矿化盖板(33)和出料底板(35)之间的空间内设有离心矿化轮(34)，矿化盖板(33)和出料底板(35)上设有出料孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述基于流体强化的混合分离系统，其特征在于：所述强制混合调质器(5)与多根分散管路之间设有的多支喷射管分别为交替设置的喷射撞击管(18)和喷射错流管(19)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述基于流体强化的混合分离系统，其特征在于：所述分散管路与湍流矿化反应器(7)之间设置的多支矿化管包括交替设置的错流预矿化管(20)和撞击流预矿化管(21)，其中错流预矿化管(20)和撞击流预矿化管(21)上均设有第一微泡发生器(22)，湍流矿化反应器(7)内壁上设有多个凸起结构的涡流发生器(23)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述基于流体强化的混合分离系统，其特征在于：所述环流发生器(12)外侧设有环板(26)，环板(26)与外壁之间在底板(24)上留有空隙，环流发生器(12)上设有多个环流喷射腔(27)，并通过环流喷射腔(27)上的喷孔产生环流，环流发生器(12)内圈与中矿尾款分选器之间设有外筒壁(25)，喷射腔出口方向沿着环板内壁；环流喷射腔(27)上方设有进料孔，与喷射分流器(8)出口管相连；底板(24)中间设置有矿浆分配器(11)，矿浆分配器(11)为筒形结构，外筒壁(25)高出底板(24)0.5-1.0m。
  5. [援引加入(细则20.6) 06.01.2020]
    一种使用权利要求1所述基于流体强化的混合分离系统的分离方法，其特征在于步骤如下：
    a.首先矿浆和药剂由管道通过强制混合调质器给料口(A)给入强制混合调质器(5)后从循环矿浆出口(C)流出并通过循环泵(6)从强制混合调质器分配槽入口(D)给入，矿浆和药剂固液两相体系通过喷射撞击(18)和喷射错流(19)高速喷射入强制混合调质器(5)，矿浆和药剂在喷入过程中高速撞击流和强制剪切错流的作用下，强化药剂在矿浆的矿物颗粒表面的吸附，循环矿浆经循环泵(6)实现系统内部多次循环混合调质，调质后的矿浆通过调质矿浆出口(B)排出并通过管路给入湍流矿化反应器(7)；
    b.调质后的矿浆从湍流矿化反应器进料口(E)进入矿浆分散器，并通过分散管路上交替设置的错流预矿化管(20)和撞击流预矿化管(21)给入湍流矿化反应(7)，给入湍流矿化反应(7)的同时通过第一微泡发生器(22)给矿浆混入空气，湍流矿化反应器(7)内的空气、矿浆和矿浆中的煤炭颗粒三相体系在以高速撞击流和强制剪切流为主的强制湍流环境下，实现微细颗粒与气泡高效碰撞，强化浮选矿化反应效率和能力后从湍流矿化反应器出料口(F)排出并通过管路给入喷射分流器进料口(G)；
    c. 矿浆通过喷射分流器进料口(G)给入喷射分流器(8)，并通过喷射分流器(8)从多支管路给入环流发生器(12),矿浆从环流发生器(12)的环流喷射腔(27)中喷出在外筒壁(25)与环板(26)之间形成环流，进一步强化对难浮颗粒的浮选回收效果，离心浮选分离器(13)分离出的底流产品作为最终尾矿从环流浮选分离器尾矿出口(K)排出，分选出的中矿从中矿出口(J)排出并通过管路给入强制混合调质器给料口(A)，排出的尾矿矿浆通过管路给入离心浮选分离器进料口(M)，环流浮选分离器(10)顶部的环流浮选分离器泡沫槽收集溢出的泡沫，并从环流浮选分离器泡沫槽出口(I)作为精矿产品排出；
    d.尾矿矿浆从离心浮选分离器进料口(M)给入离心浮选分离器(13)进入上导流筒(32)，并推动推进轮(30)进入矿化盖板(33)与出料底板(35)之间的空间，此时空间内的离心矿化轮(34)在搅拌传动机构(16)通过传动轴的带动下旋转，使尾矿矿浆在离心矿化轮(34)的作用下顺着矩形矿浆分散板(31)和导流倒锥(28)在尾矿矿浆中不停产生上升的浮力，上升的尾矿矿浆顶部生成泡沫层，最终从离心浮选分离器泡沫槽的离心浮选分离器泡沫出口(L)排出，并通过管路给入环流浮选分离器的给料器进料口(H)重复分选，离心浮选分离器(13)在出料底板(35)附件的尾矿矿浆为难选颗粒，经出料底板(35)上的出料孔流出，一部分难选颗粒由气体分散箱(17)的离心浮选分离器尾矿出口(N)排出，另一部分难选颗粒在离心矿化轮(34)离心吸唑力作用下经出料底板(35)中部的下导流筒(29)被吸入离心矿化轮(35)的空间内，经离心矿化轮(19)旋转时产生的离心力继续给尾矿矿浆产生浮力，并将难选颗粒分散在矿浆中继续循环。
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