WO2020211319A1 - Stress enhancement structure-based water leak sensing apparatus for electrical power cables - Google Patents

Stress enhancement structure-based water leak sensing apparatus for electrical power cables Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211319A1
WO2020211319A1 PCT/CN2019/112882 CN2019112882W WO2020211319A1 WO 2020211319 A1 WO2020211319 A1 WO 2020211319A1 CN 2019112882 W CN2019112882 W CN 2019112882W WO 2020211319 A1 WO2020211319 A1 WO 2020211319A1
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Prior art keywords
water
stress
sensing
cable
enhancing structure
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PCT/CN2019/112882
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘刚
许志锋
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华南理工大学
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Publication of WO2020211319A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211319A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/14—Submarine cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H01B7/322—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks comprising humidity sensing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/005—Power cables including optical transmission elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of cable line online monitoring, in particular to a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure.
  • the present invention provides a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structure.
  • the sensing device can monitor the water intrusion inside the running cable in real time, and can be installed in the inner structure of the cable during the cable production process as required. Suitable for all kinds of power cables with related needs.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure.
  • the sensor device can monitor the water ingress inside the running cable in real time It can be installed in the inner structure of the cable during the cable production process according to needs. It is suitable for various power cables with related needs. It solves the current problem of lack of operating cable water ingress monitoring devices and methods.
  • This device and method can Provide information support for the operation and maintenance of cable lines.
  • a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure, the sensing device comprising a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swellable material 2 and a stress-enhancing structure 3 that are closely attached from the inside to the outside, wherein ,
  • the inner layer is a sensing fiber 1
  • the middle layer is a water-absorbing swellable material that tightly wraps the inner fiber layer 2
  • the outer layer is a stress-enhancing structure 3;
  • the stress-enhancing structure 3 provides a channel for free entry and exit of water, and at the same time, provides an inward stress to restrain the water-absorbing swelling material.
  • the water-absorbing swelling material 2 of the middle layer absorbs water and unidirectionally inwards Expanding and squeezing the inner sensing fiber 1 causes the inner sensing fiber to be squeezed by 1 to produce an increase in deformation, thereby changing the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber 1, and realizing the correction by analyzing the propagation characteristics of the optical fiber signal Online monitoring of water ingress inside the cable.
  • the water-absorbing swellable material 2 and the stress-enhancing structure 3 adopt a full-section or section-wise wrapping of the sensing optical fiber 1, and the section length is adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the sensing optical fiber 1 is an optical fiber with an optical fiber sensing unit or an optical cable-like structure with a sheath.
  • the water-absorbing swellable material 2 uses hydrophilic rubber as a material.
  • the water-absorbing swellable material 2 is cylindrical.
  • the stress-enhancing structure 3 is a porous structure with high mechanical strength, which tightly wraps the water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer.
  • the pore size and density of the stress enhancement structure 3 are adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the stress-enhancing structure 3 of the outer layer facilitates the free entry and exit of water and provides inward stress, ensuring that the water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer swells inward and unidirectionally expands and squeezes the inner sensing optical fiber 1 after absorbing water to enhance the water-absorbing expansion.
  • the squeezing effect of the inner sensing optical fiber 1 prevents its outward expansion from damaging the cable structure, and at the same time acts as an armor protection structure for the sensing optical fiber 1.
  • this sensing device In the cable production process, this sensing device is placed into the internal structure of the cable to closely fit the cable.
  • the water-absorbing swelling material in the middle causes the inner optical fiber unit to be deformed by extrusion stress.
  • the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber are changed, and the on-line monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable is realized by analyzing the propagation characteristics of the optical fiber signal.
  • the sensing device is suitable for power cables including submarine cables, terrestrial cables, and single-core and three-core cables, and is placed in the cable by spiral winding or along the cable axis according to the process requirements. Place in a straight line.
  • the device and method for monitoring the water ingress of a power cable disclosed in the present invention realize the function of real-time monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable, thereby being able to monitor the operating status of the power cable in real time, and avoiding the internal short circuit of the cable due to water ingress
  • the occurrence of accidents such as overheating and burnout has improved the efficiency of cable operation, maintenance and repair.
  • the outer stress-enhancing structure allows water to enter and exit the sensor device freely, and the water-absorbing swelling material of the middle layer expands after the water enters, and is affected by the high mechanical strength stress-enhancing structure of the outer layer After the middle layer absorbs water, it expands and squeezes the inner optical fiber in one direction, which enhances the squeezing effect on the inner optical fiber after absorbing water and expands, ensuring the sensitivity of monitoring water ingress, and avoiding its outward expansion to damage the cable structure. At the same time, it acts as an armored protective structure for the optical fiber.
  • the built-in sensing device of the present invention Based on the installation position and structural characteristics of the built-in sensing device of the present invention, it can be built-in and installed in each layer inside the power cable according to actual application needs, and placed in a spiral winding manner or linearly placed along the axis of the cable to form a closed
  • the integrated structure ensures close contact between the optical fiber and the internal structure of the cable, avoids external interference, and effectively protects the sensing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure disclosed in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water intake sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structure disclosed in the present invention in which the middle water-absorbing swelling layer and the outer layer of the stress-enhancing structure adopt a segmented wrapping method;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure installed in a single-core cable filling layer according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure in a single-core cable installed in a spiral winding manner;
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure installed in a single-core cable in a straight line manner disclosed in the present invention.
  • invention embodiment
  • this embodiment discloses a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure.
  • the sensing device includes a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swelling material 2, a stress-enhancing structure 3, and 3
  • the layer structure is closely attached to form a water inlet sensing device.
  • this sensing device is placed in the internal structure of the cable to closely fit the cable.
  • the water-absorbing swelling material 2 causes the inner sensing optical fiber 1 to be deformed by extrusion stress, thereby The propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber 1 are changed, and the on-line monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable is realized by analyzing the signal propagation characteristics of the sensing fiber 1.
  • the sensing optical fiber 1 is an optical fiber with an optical fiber sensing unit or an optical cable-like structure with a sheath;
  • the middle layer of the sensing device is a water-absorbing swellable material 2 including hydrophilic rubber.
  • the water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer can be processed into a cylindrical or other shape structure as required to tightly wrap the inner optical fiber.
  • the stress-enhancing structure 3 is a porous structure with high mechanical strength, which tightly wraps the water-absorbing swellable material 2 of the intermediate layer, and its pore size and density can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the stress-enhancing structure 3 in the outer layer facilitates the free entry and exit of water and provides inward stress, ensuring that the water-absorbing swelling material 2 in the middle layer swells inward unidirectionally after absorbing water and squeezes the inner sensing fiber 1 to enhance the resistance to the inner fiber after absorbing water.
  • the squeezing effect prevents its outward expansion from damaging the cable structure, and at the same time acts as an armored protective structure for the optical fiber.
  • the water-absorbing swelling material 2 of the middle layer and the stress-enhancing structure 3 of the outer layer of the monitoring device are based on If necessary, the inner sensing fiber 1 can be wrapped in a full section or in sections, and the section length can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the sensing device is suitable for power cables including submarine cables, terrestrial cables, and single-core and three-core cables, and the installation position inside the cable is not limited, and can be installed in the filling layer of the cable according to actual needs.
  • Cable core conductors and other parts As shown in Figure 3, taking the sensor device for monitoring cable water ingress as an example, the sensor device includes a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swellable material 2 and a stress-enhancing structure 3, and the cable consists of It includes the cable core conductor 4, the insulating inner shielding layer 5, the insulating layer 6, the insulating outer shielding layer 7, the filling layer 8, the aluminum sheath layer 9 and the outer sheath layer 10 in order outward.
  • the sensing device can be placed in a spiral wound inside the cable or placed in a straight line along the cable axis according to process requirements.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

A stress enhancement structure-based water leak sensing apparatus for electrical power cables. The sensing apparatus comprises a three-layer structure of a sensing optical fiber (1), a water-absorbing and expanding material (2), and a stress enhancement structure (3). The inner layer is the sensing optical fiber (1), the middle layer is the water-absorbing and expanding material (2) that closely wraps the inner layer optical fiber, and the outer layer is the stress enhancement structure (3). The sensing apparatus is arranged inside of the electrical cable. When water leaks into the electrical cable, the middle layer material absorbs the water and expands and enhances the pressing effect thereof against the inner layer sensing optical fiber (1) under the constraint of the outer layer stress enhancement structure (3) after water absorption and expansion, thereby changing the propagation features of the optical signals inside of the optical fiber. Online monitoring of the water leak situation inside of the electrical cable is achieved by analyzing the propagation features of the optical fiber signals. The sensing apparatus is embedded, thereby enhancing the monitoring sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring data, providing information support for the operation and maintenance of electrical cables.

Description

一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置 技术领域 A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structureTechnical field
[0001] 本发明涉及电缆线路在线监测技术领域， 具体涉及一种基于应力增强结构的电 力电缆进水传感装置。 [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable line online monitoring, in particular to a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure.
背景技术 Background technique
[0002] 随着我国经济的快速发展与城市建设的快速推进， 电力电缆的应用越来越广泛 。 电缆具有多层保护结构， 在采用正确的安装工艺和敷设过程后， 其内部不应 该含有水分。 但是近年来对电缆故障进行统计发现， 大部分故障电缆普遍存在 内部进水， 导致铜屏蔽层乃至缆芯锈蚀的情况存在。 电力电缆进水， 会使绝缘 层产生水树， 严重降低电缆的绝缘水平， 同时进水导致内部金属锈蚀， 会导致 电缆异常发热， 两者会大大缩短电缆的使用寿命， 造成巨大的安全隐患。 目前 并无针对运行电缆进水实现在线监测的相关装置和方法， 由于电缆进水后， 在 绝缘完好的情况下， 其对电缆的损害是一个发展较为缓慢的过程， 发现进水问 题时内部导体以及屏蔽层往往已经锈蚀严重， 不能继续使用。 因此研发一种基 于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置， 及时发现电缆进水问题并采取相关 措施， 对于保证输电网路安全和供电可靠性具有重大意义。 [0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the rapid advancement of urban construction, power cables have become more and more widely used. The cable has a multi-layer protection structure. After the correct installation process and laying process are adopted, there should be no moisture inside. However, in recent years, statistics on cable faults have found that most of the faulty cables generally have internal water ingress, which leads to corrosion of the copper shielding layer and even the cable core. Water in the power cable will cause water trees in the insulation layer, which will seriously reduce the insulation level of the cable. At the same time, the water will cause internal metal corrosion and cause abnormal heating of the cable. Both will greatly shorten the service life of the cable and cause huge safety hazards. At present, there are no related devices and methods for online monitoring of water ingress in running cables. After the water enters the cable, when the insulation is intact, the damage to the cable is a relatively slow development process. When the water ingress problem is found, the internal conductor And the shielding layer is often severely corroded and cannot be used anymore. Therefore, the development of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structure to detect cable water ingress problems in time and take relevant measures is of great significance to ensure the safety of the transmission network and the reliability of power supply.
发明概述 Summary of the invention
技术问题 technical problem
[0003] 目前并无针对运行电缆进水实现在线监测的相关装置和方法， 不能及时发现电 缆进水问题。 本发明提供一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置， 该 传感装置能对运行电缆内部进水情况进行实时监测， 根据需要可以在电缆生产 过程中安装于电缆的内层结构， 适用于各种有相关需要的电力电缆。 [0003] At present, there is no related device and method for online monitoring of water ingress of running cables, and the problem of water ingress of cables cannot be detected in time. The present invention provides a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structure. The sensing device can monitor the water intrusion inside the running cable in real time, and can be installed in the inner structure of the cable during the cable production process as required. Suitable for all kinds of power cables with related needs.
问题的解决方案 The solution to the problem
技术解决方案 Technical solutions
[0004] 本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中的上述缺陷， 提供一种基于应力增强结构 的电力电缆进水传感装置。 该传感装置能对运行电缆内部进水情况进行实时监 测， 根据需要可以在电缆生产过程中安装于电缆的内层结构， 适用于各种有相 关需要的电力电缆， 解决了目前缺少运行电缆进水监测装置和方法的难题， 利 用本装置和方法能为电缆线路的运维提供信息支撑。 [0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure. The sensor device can monitor the water ingress inside the running cable in real time It can be installed in the inner structure of the cable during the cable production process according to needs. It is suitable for various power cables with related needs. It solves the current problem of lack of operating cable water ingress monitoring devices and methods. This device and method can Provide information support for the operation and maintenance of cable lines.
[0005] 本发明的目的可以通过采取如下技术方案达到： [0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0006] 一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置， 所述的传感装置包括由内而 外紧密贴合设置的传感光纤 1、 吸水膨胀材料 2与应力增强结构 3 , 其中， 内层为 传感光纤 1， 中间层为紧密包裹内层光纤的吸水膨胀材料 2, 外层为应力增强结 构 3 ; [0006] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure, the sensing device comprising a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swellable material 2 and a stress-enhancing structure 3 that are closely attached from the inside to the outside, wherein , The inner layer is a sensing fiber 1, the middle layer is a water-absorbing swellable material that tightly wraps the inner fiber layer 2, and the outer layer is a stress-enhancing structure 3;
[0007] 所述的应力增强结构 3提供水分自由进出的通道， 同时提供向内应力， 束缚吸 水膨胀材料， 在外层应力增强结构约束作用下， 中间层的吸水膨胀材料 2吸水后 向内单向膨胀挤压内层传感光纤 1， 使内层传感光纤受 1挤压产生形变增大， 从 而改变内层传感光纤 1中光信号的传播特征， 通过对光纤信号传播特征的分析实 现对电缆内部进水情况的在线监测。 [0007] The stress-enhancing structure 3 provides a channel for free entry and exit of water, and at the same time, provides an inward stress to restrain the water-absorbing swelling material. Under the constraint of the outer-layer stress-enhancing structure, the water-absorbing swelling material 2 of the middle layer absorbs water and unidirectionally inwards Expanding and squeezing the inner sensing fiber 1 causes the inner sensing fiber to be squeezed by 1 to produce an increase in deformation, thereby changing the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber 1, and realizing the correction by analyzing the propagation characteristics of the optical fiber signal Online monitoring of water ingress inside the cable.
[0008] 进一步地， 所述的吸水膨胀材料 2以及应力增强结构 3采用全段或分段方式包裹 传感光纤 1， 分段长度根据实际需要进行调整。 [0008] Further, the water-absorbing swellable material 2 and the stress-enhancing structure 3 adopt a full-section or section-wise wrapping of the sensing optical fiber 1, and the section length is adjusted according to actual needs.
[0009] 进一步地， 所述的传感光纤 1为具有光纤传感单元的光纤或具有护套的光缆状 结构。 [0009] Further, the sensing optical fiber 1 is an optical fiber with an optical fiber sensing unit or an optical cable-like structure with a sheath.
[0010] 进一步地， 所述的吸水膨胀材料 2采用亲水橡胶作为材料。 [0010] Further, the water-absorbing swellable material 2 uses hydrophilic rubber as a material.
[0011] 进一步地， 所述的吸水膨胀材料 2为圆筒状。 [0011] Further, the water-absorbing swellable material 2 is cylindrical.
[0012] 进一步地， 所述的应力增强结构 3为具有高机械强度的多孔结构， 紧密包裹中 间层吸水膨胀材料 2。 [0012] Further, the stress-enhancing structure 3 is a porous structure with high mechanical strength, which tightly wraps the water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer.
[0013] 进一步地， 所述的应力增强结构 3的孔径大小及密度根据实际需要调整。 [0013] Further, the pore size and density of the stress enhancement structure 3 are adjusted according to actual needs.
[0014] 夕卜层的应力增强结构 3方便水分自由进出以及提供向内应力， 保证中间层的吸 水膨胀材料 2吸水后向内单向膨胀挤压内层传感光纤 1， 增强吸水膨胀后对内层 传感光纤 1的挤压效果， 并避免其向外膨胀破坏电缆结构， 同时为传感光纤 1充 当铠装保护结构。 [0014] The stress-enhancing structure 3 of the outer layer facilitates the free entry and exit of water and provides inward stress, ensuring that the water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer swells inward and unidirectionally expands and squeezes the inner sensing optical fiber 1 after absorbing water to enhance the water-absorbing expansion. The squeezing effect of the inner sensing optical fiber 1 prevents its outward expansion from damaging the cable structure, and at the same time acts as an armor protection structure for the sensing optical fiber 1.
[0015] 在电缆生产过程中将此传感装置放置进电缆内部结构中与电缆紧密贴合， 电缆 内部进水时， 中间吸水膨胀材料使内层的光纤单元受挤压应力而产生形变， 从 而改变内层传感光纤中光信号的传播特征， 通过对光纤信号传播特征的分析实 现对电缆内部进水情况的在线监测。 [0015] In the cable production process, this sensing device is placed into the internal structure of the cable to closely fit the cable. When water enters the cable, the water-absorbing swelling material in the middle causes the inner optical fiber unit to be deformed by extrusion stress. The propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber are changed, and the on-line monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable is realized by analyzing the propagation characteristics of the optical fiber signal.
[0016] 进一步地， 所述的传感装置适用于包括海底电缆、 陆地电缆、 以及单芯、 三芯 电缆在内的电力电缆， 根据工艺需要在电缆内部采用螺旋绕制放置或沿电缆轴 向直线方式放置。 [0016] Further, the sensing device is suitable for power cables including submarine cables, terrestrial cables, and single-core and three-core cables, and is placed in the cable by spiral winding or along the cable axis according to the process requirements. Place in a straight line.
发明的有益效果 The beneficial effects of the invention
有益效果 Beneficial effect
[0017] 本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果： [0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
[0018] 1） 本发明公开的监测电力电缆进水的装置和方法实现了对电缆内部进水情况 实时监测的功能， 从而能够实时监控电力电缆的运行状态， 避免了由于进水导 致电缆内部短路过热烧毁等事故的发生， 提升了电缆运维检修的效率。 [0018] 1) The device and method for monitoring the water ingress of a power cable disclosed in the present invention realize the function of real-time monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable, thereby being able to monitor the operating status of the power cable in real time, and avoiding the internal short circuit of the cable due to water ingress The occurrence of accidents such as overheating and burnout has improved the efficiency of cable operation, maintenance and repair.
[0019] 2） 基于本发明中传感装置的结构特点， 外层应力增强结构能使水分自由进出 传感装置， 中间层吸水膨胀材料在水分进入后膨胀， 受外层高机械强度应力增 强结构的束缚作用， 中间层吸水后向内单向膨胀挤压内层光纤， 增强吸水膨胀 后对内层光纤的挤压效果， 保证监测进水的灵敏性， 并避免其向外膨胀破坏电 缆结构， 同时为光纤充当铠装保护结构。 [0019] 2) Based on the structural characteristics of the sensor device of the present invention, the outer stress-enhancing structure allows water to enter and exit the sensor device freely, and the water-absorbing swelling material of the middle layer expands after the water enters, and is affected by the high mechanical strength stress-enhancing structure of the outer layer After the middle layer absorbs water, it expands and squeezes the inner optical fiber in one direction, which enhances the squeezing effect on the inner optical fiber after absorbing water and expands, ensuring the sensitivity of monitoring water ingress, and avoiding its outward expansion to damage the cable structure. At the same time, it acts as an armored protective structure for the optical fiber.
[0020] 3） 基于本发明中内置传感装置的安装位置与结构特点， 可根据实际应用需要 内置安装于电力电缆内部各层， 以螺旋绕制的方式或沿电缆轴向直线放置， 构 成封闭一体式结构， 保证光纤与电缆内部结构的紧密接触， 避免外部干扰， 同 时有效保护了传感装置。 [0020] 3) Based on the installation position and structural characteristics of the built-in sensing device of the present invention, it can be built-in and installed in each layer inside the power cable according to actual application needs, and placed in a spiral winding manner or linearly placed along the axis of the cable to form a closed The integrated structure ensures close contact between the optical fiber and the internal structure of the cable, avoids external interference, and effectively protects the sensing device.
对附图的简要说明 Brief description of the drawings
附图说明 Description of the drawings
[0021] 图 1是本发明中公开的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置结构的 三维图； [0021] FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure disclosed in the present invention;
[0022] 图 2是本发明中公开的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置中间吸 水膨胀层与外层应力增强结构采用分段包裹方式的结构三维图； [0022] FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water intake sensing device based on a stress-enhanced structure disclosed in the present invention in which the middle water-absorbing swelling layer and the outer layer of the stress-enhancing structure adopt a segmented wrapping method;
[0023] 图 3是本发明中公开的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置在单芯 电缆填充层安装的截面图； [0024] 图 4是本发明中公开的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置在单芯 电缆内采用螺旋绕制方式安装的三维图； [0023] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure installed in a single-core cable filling layer according to the present invention; [0024] FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure in a single-core cable installed in a spiral winding manner;
[0025] 图 5是本发明中公开的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置在单芯 电缆内采用直线放置方式安装的三维图。 发明实施例 [0025] FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure installed in a single-core cable in a straight line manner disclosed in the present invention. Invention embodiment
本发明的实施方式 Embodiments of the invention
[0026] 为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发明实施 例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所 描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 在本发明具体实 施例的描述中， 以将本监测电缆进水的传感装置应用于单芯电缆填充层作为示 例， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述， 并不是指本发明中只适用于一种特 定的电缆规格、 特定的安装位置， 不能理解为对本发明的限制。 [0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the description The embodiments shown are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments. In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the application of the sensor device for monitoring cable water ingress to the filling layer of a single-core cable is taken as an example. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not mean that the present invention is only applicable. A specific cable specification and a specific installation location cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.
实施例 Example
[0027] 如图 1所示， 本实施例公开了一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置 ， 该传感装置包括传感光纤 1、 吸水膨胀材料 2、 应力增强结构 3 , 三层结构紧密 贴合构成进水传感装置。 在电缆生产过程中将此传感装置放置进电缆内部结构 中与电缆紧密贴合， 电缆内部进水时， 中间吸水膨胀材料 2使内层的传感光纤 1 受挤压应力而产生形变， 从而改变内层传感光纤 1中光信号的传播特征， 通过对 传感光纤 1信号传播特征的分析实现对电缆内部进水情况的在线监测。 [0027] As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment discloses a power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure. The sensing device includes a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swelling material 2, a stress-enhancing structure 3, and 3 The layer structure is closely attached to form a water inlet sensing device. In the cable production process, this sensing device is placed in the internal structure of the cable to closely fit the cable. When water enters the cable, the water-absorbing swelling material 2 causes the inner sensing optical fiber 1 to be deformed by extrusion stress, thereby The propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber 1 are changed, and the on-line monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable is realized by analyzing the signal propagation characteristics of the sensing fiber 1.
[0028] 其中， 传感光纤 1为具有光纤传感单元的光纤或具有护套的光缆状结构； [0028] Wherein, the sensing optical fiber 1 is an optical fiber with an optical fiber sensing unit or an optical cable-like structure with a sheath;
[0029] 其中， 传感装置中间层为包括亲水橡胶在内的吸水膨胀材料 2。 中间层吸水膨 胀材料 2根据需要可以加工成圆筒状或其他形状结构， 紧密包裹内层光纤。 [0029] Wherein, the middle layer of the sensing device is a water-absorbing swellable material 2 including hydrophilic rubber. The water-absorbing swellable material 2 in the middle layer can be processed into a cylindrical or other shape structure as required to tightly wrap the inner optical fiber.
[0030] 其中， 应力增强结构 3为具有高机械强度的多孔结构， 紧密包裹中间层吸水膨 胀材料 2, 其孔径大小及密度可根据实际需要调整。 外层的应力增强结构 3方便 水分自由进出以及提供向内应力， 保证中间层的吸水膨胀材料 2吸水后向内单向 膨胀挤压内层传感光纤 1， 增强吸水膨胀后对内层光纤的挤压效果， 并避免其向 外膨胀破坏电缆结构， 同时为光纤充当铠装保护结构。 [0030] Wherein, the stress-enhancing structure 3 is a porous structure with high mechanical strength, which tightly wraps the water-absorbing swellable material 2 of the intermediate layer, and its pore size and density can be adjusted according to actual needs. The stress-enhancing structure 3 in the outer layer facilitates the free entry and exit of water and provides inward stress, ensuring that the water-absorbing swelling material 2 in the middle layer swells inward unidirectionally after absorbing water and squeezes the inner sensing fiber 1 to enhance the resistance to the inner fiber after absorbing water. The squeezing effect prevents its outward expansion from damaging the cable structure, and at the same time acts as an armored protective structure for the optical fiber.
[0031] 如图 2所示， 该监测装置的中间层吸水膨胀材料 2以及外层应力增强结构 3根据 需要可以采用全段或分段方式包裹内层传感光纤 1， 分段长度根据实际需要可以 进行调整。 [0031] As shown in FIG. 2, the water-absorbing swelling material 2 of the middle layer and the stress-enhancing structure 3 of the outer layer of the monitoring device are based on If necessary, the inner sensing fiber 1 can be wrapped in a full section or in sections, and the section length can be adjusted according to actual needs.
[0032] 该传感装置适用于包括海底电缆、 陆地电缆、 以及单芯、 三芯电缆在内的电力 电缆， 且在电缆内部的安装位置不限， 根据实际需要可以安装于电缆的填充层 、 缆芯导体等部分。 如图 3所示， 以将本监测电缆进水的传感装置应用于单芯电 缆填充层作为示例， 传感装置包括传感光纤 1、 吸水膨胀材料 2和应力增强结构 3 ， 该电缆由里向外依次包括缆芯导体 4、 绝缘内屏蔽层 5、 绝缘层 6、 绝缘外屏蔽 层 7、 填充层 8、 铝护套层 9与外护套层 10。 [0032] The sensing device is suitable for power cables including submarine cables, terrestrial cables, and single-core and three-core cables, and the installation position inside the cable is not limited, and can be installed in the filling layer of the cable according to actual needs. Cable core conductors and other parts. As shown in Figure 3, taking the sensor device for monitoring cable water ingress as an example, the sensor device includes a sensing optical fiber 1, a water-absorbing swellable material 2 and a stress-enhancing structure 3, and the cable consists of It includes the cable core conductor 4, the insulating inner shielding layer 5, the insulating layer 6, the insulating outer shielding layer 7, the filling layer 8, the aluminum sheath layer 9 and the outer sheath layer 10 in order outward.
[0033] 如图 4, 图 5所示， 该传感装置可以根据工艺需要在电缆内部可以采用螺旋绕制 放置或沿电缆轴向直线方式放置。 [0033] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the sensing device can be placed in a spiral wound inside the cable or placed in a straight line along the cable axis according to process requirements.
[0034] 上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式， 但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例 的限制， 其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、 修饰、 替 代、 组合、 简化， 均应为等效的置换方式， 都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 [0034] The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, and substitutions made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention , Combination, and simplification should all be equivalent replacement methods, and they are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

权利要求书 Claims
[权利要求 1] 一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装置， 其特征在于， 所述 的传感装置包括由内而外紧密贴合设置的传感光纤、 吸水膨胀材料与 应力增强结构， 其中， 内层为传感光纤， 中间层为紧密包裹内层光纤 的吸水膨胀材料， 外层为应力增强结构； [Claim 1] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure, characterized in that the sensing device includes a sensing optical fiber, a water-absorbing swelling material, and a stress-enhancing device that are closely attached from the inside to the outside. Structure, wherein the inner layer is a sensing fiber, the middle layer is a water-absorbing swellable material that tightly wraps the inner fiber, and the outer layer is a stress-enhancing structure;
所述的应力增强结构提供水分自由进出的通道， 同时提供向内应力， 束缚吸水膨胀材料； 在外层应力增强结构约束作用下， 中间层的吸水 膨胀材料吸水后向内单向膨胀挤压内层传感光纤， 使内层传感光纤受 挤压产生形变增大， 从而改变内层传感光纤中光信号的传播特征， 通 过对光纤信号传播特征的分析实现对电缆内部进水情况的在线监测。 The stress-enhancing structure provides a channel for free entry and exit of water, and at the same time provides an inward stress to restrain the water-absorbing swelling material; under the constraint of the outer-layer stress-enhancing structure, the water-absorbing swelling material of the middle layer absorbs water and unidirectionally expands and squeezes the inner layer inward The sensing fiber increases the deformation of the inner sensing fiber under squeezing, thereby changing the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the inner sensing fiber, and realizing online monitoring of the water ingress inside the cable by analyzing the propagation characteristics of the fiber signal .
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的吸水膨胀材料以及应力增强结构采用全段或 分段方式包裹传感光纤， 分段长度根据实际需要进行调整。 [Claim 2] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing swelling material and the stress-enhancing structure are wrapped and transmitted in a full-section or segmented manner. Sensing fiber, and the segment length is adjusted according to actual needs.
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的传感光纤为具有光纤传感单元的光纤或具有 护套的光缆状结构。 [Claim 3] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, wherein the sensing optical fiber is an optical fiber with an optical fiber sensing unit or a sheathed optical fiber Optical cable-like structure.
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的吸水膨胀材料为包括亲水橡胶在内的吸水膨 胀材料。 [Claim 4] The power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing swelling material is a water-absorbing swelling material including hydrophilic rubber.
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的吸水膨胀材料为圆筒状。 [Claim 5] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-absorbing swelling material is cylindrical.
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的应力增强结构为具有高机械强度的多孔结构 ， 紧密包裹中间层吸水膨胀材料。 [Claim 6] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, wherein the stress-enhancing structure is a porous structure with high mechanical strength and tightly wraps the middle layer Water swelling material.
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的应力增强结构的孔径大小及密度根据实际需 要调整。 [Claim 7] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pore size and density of the stress-enhancing structure are adjusted according to actual needs.
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于应力增强结构的电力电缆进水传感装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的传感装置适用于包括海底电缆、 陆地电缆、 以及单芯、 三芯电缆在内的电力电缆， 根据工艺需要在电缆内部釆用 螺旋绕制放置或沿电缆轴向直线方式放置。 [Claim 8] A power cable water ingress sensing device based on a stress-enhancing structure according to claim 1 It is characterized in that the sensing device is suitable for power cables including submarine cables, terrestrial cables, and single-core and three-core cables, and is placed inside the cable by spiral winding or along the cable axis according to process requirements. Place it in a straight line.
PCT/CN2019/112882 2019-05-27 2019-10-23 Stress enhancement structure-based water leak sensing apparatus for electrical power cables WO2020211319A1 (en)

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