WO2020207111A1 - 电池充电控制方法和装置以及电动车辆 - Google Patents

电池充电控制方法和装置以及电动车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020207111A1
WO2020207111A1 PCT/CN2020/074783 CN2020074783W WO2020207111A1 WO 2020207111 A1 WO2020207111 A1 WO 2020207111A1 CN 2020074783 W CN2020074783 W CN 2020074783W WO 2020207111 A1 WO2020207111 A1 WO 2020207111A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
cell
power
duration
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/074783
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张九才
梅骜
王军
李志�
刘超
郭思超
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202080003932.5A priority Critical patent/CN112470361B/zh
Publication of WO2020207111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020207111A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/11—Electric energy storages
    • B60Y2400/112—Batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
    • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
    • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronics, and more specifically, to a battery charging control method and device and an electric vehicle.
  • the control method provided in the related art uses the result of indirect estimation, such as the voltage-derived capacity difference or the cell-level charger state difference, to implement equalization control for each battery cell in a multi-cell battery.
  • indirect estimation such as the voltage-derived capacity difference or the cell-level charger state difference
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a battery charging control method and device, and battery-powered equipment such as electric vehicles, so as to at least solve the technical problem of low accuracy in balancing control of each battery cell in a multi-cell battery.
  • the present invention provides a battery charging control method for battery unit control, where the battery unit is at least one battery unit in a multi-cell battery, including: when the multi-cell battery enters a stable state of charging Then, obtain the actual charge power required to charge the battery cell to the target voltage; determine the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge power corresponding to the battery cell, where the equalization duration is the battery cell matching the battery cell
  • the balance control circuit controls the duration required for the battery cell; the battery cell balance control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power regulation on the battery cell within the balance duration.
  • the present invention provides a battery charging control device for battery unit control.
  • the battery unit is at least one battery unit in a multi-cell battery, and includes: a processor configured to execute Computer-executable instructions; and a memory for storing the computer-executable instructions; when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the device executes the following steps: after the multi-cell battery enters a stable state of charging , Obtain the actual charge power required to charge the battery cell to the target voltage; determine the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge power corresponding to the battery cell, where the equalization duration is the balance of the battery cell matching the battery cell
  • the control circuit controls the duration required by the battery cell; the battery cell balance control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power regulation on the battery cell within the balance duration.
  • the present invention provides an electric vehicle capable of performing battery unit control.
  • the battery unit is at least one battery unit in a multi-cell battery, and includes: a processor configured to execute a computer Executable instructions; and a memory for storing the computer-executable instructions; when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the device executes the following steps: after the multi-cell battery enters a stable charging state, Obtain the actual charge power required to charge the battery cell to the target voltage; determine the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge power corresponding to the battery cell, where the equalization duration is the battery cell balance control that matches the battery cell The circuit controls the duration required by the battery cell; a battery cell balance control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power regulation on the battery cell within the balance duration.
  • the actual charging power required to charge each battery cell to the target voltage is obtained, and the equalization duration of the battery is determined according to the actual charging power, and the battery cells are controlled to Implement power adjustment according to the equalization duration.
  • the battery cell since the actual charging power required to charge each battery cell to the target voltage is obtained, the battery cell can be adjusted according to the equalization duration obtained by the actual charging power, and the precise adjustment of each battery cell is achieved. The purpose of the battery unit. Therefore, the technical problem of low accuracy of the balance control of each battery cell in the multi-cell battery in the related art is solved.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an optional battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another optional battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another optional battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of yet another optional battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional battery charging control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a battery charging control method.
  • the battery unit is at least one battery unit in a multi-cell battery, and the battery charging control method includes the following steps.
  • S104 Determine the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge power corresponding to the battery cell, where the equalization duration is the duration required by the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell to control the battery cell.
  • S106 The battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power adjustment on the battery cell within the equalization duration.
  • the battery charging control method can be applied to but not limited to the process when the battery cells in the multi-cell battery are controlled to be charged.
  • the The actual charging power required for the battery unit to be charged to the target voltage is determined according to the actual charging power to determine the equalization duration of the battery unit, and the battery unit is adjusted based on the equalization duration.
  • each battery cell is usually balanced according to the result of indirect estimation of the voltage difference between the battery cells during the charging process of the multi-cell battery.
  • the above method cannot guarantee the accuracy of the balance control on the performance of each battery cell.
  • the battery since the actual charging power required to charge each battery cell to the target voltage is obtained, the battery can be adjusted according to the equalization duration obtained by the actual charging power, thereby achieving precise adjustment of each battery cell. the goal of.
  • a multi-cell battery includes three battery cells. After the multi-cell battery starts to charge, each battery cell corresponds to a cumulative charge amount. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that under the condition that the accumulated charge power of the multi-cell battery reaches the first threshold, all the battery cells enter a stable state at t1. Set the highest voltage at t1 (ie V1) as the target voltage. When the multi-cell battery is charged after t1, the actual capacity of each battery cell to the target voltage is tracked.
  • the method further includes the following steps.
  • the above content is continuously described.
  • the battery unit 1 reaches a stable state of charging after charging t1.
  • the battery cell 1 has not reached the stable state of charging, and the accumulated charging power needs to be cleared. Therefore, in the next charge, the accumulated charge power of the battery unit 1 needs to be re-measured. In this way, it is possible to prevent the problem of inaccuracy of the accumulated charge power obtained under the condition that the charge is continued after termination.
  • the step of obtaining the actual charging power required to charge the battery cells included in the multi-cell battery to the target voltage includes the following steps.
  • S2 Determine the target voltage according to the stable voltage of the battery cell.
  • the step of determining the target voltage according to the stable voltage of the battery cell may refer to but is not limited to determining the maximum stable voltage of the battery cell among the stable voltages of the battery cells in the multi-cell battery as the target voltage.
  • the above situation is continuously described with reference to the above conditions, in which the multi-cell battery includes three battery cells together with battery 1 and battery 2.
  • Figure 4 it is a graph of the voltage of the optional battery cell 1 and the battery cell 2 over time.
  • V1 the battery cell stable voltage of battery cell 1
  • V2 the battery cell stable voltage of battery cell 2
  • V1 the target voltage
  • V2 needs to be adjusted.
  • the time changes from t1 to t2.
  • the actual charge capacity of the battery cell 2 in the process from t1 to t2 is calculated. Therefore, the actual capacity of the tracked battery cell (ie, battery cell 2) to the target voltage is the capacity difference between the tracked battery cell and the battery cell with the highest voltage.
  • the actual equilibrium capacity is the actual capacity of each battery cell minus the target voltage when the actual capacity of all battery cells is the largest.
  • the equilibrium capacity of each battery cell should be the difference between the average actual capacity of all battery cells and the actual capacity of each battery cell.
  • the current should be stable, which means that the current change should be within a given threshold, such as 2A, which depends on the value of the internal resistance of the battery cell. If the current change exceeds a given threshold, the entire process must start from the beginning, and all accumulated capacity will be reset to zero.
  • the method further includes the following steps.
  • S2 Perform temperature compensation on the actual charging power corresponding to the battery cell according to the temperature curve.
  • the actual charging power is reduced according to the first ratio shown by the temperature curve.
  • the actual charging power is increased according to the second ratio shown by the temperature curve.
  • the above content is described. Since the temperature has an effect on the actual charging power of the battery unit, it is also necessary to obtain the battery cell temperature in the current environment in the process of calculating the actual charging power.
  • the target temperature is represented by T, and the corresponding compensation ratio is 1.
  • the compensation ratio r1 corresponding to the battery cell temperature c to perform temperature compensation on the actual charging power.
  • the compensation ratio r1 can be equal to the compensation ratio r2, and the compensation ratio r1 can also be different from the compensation ratio r2, which is determined by the temperature curve.
  • the step of determining the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge capacity corresponding to the battery cell includes the following steps.
  • S2 Obtain the ratio of the actual charge power to the unit balance power, and set the battery balance duration corresponding to the battery unit to be equal to the ratio.
  • the battery unit balance control circuit A is used to control the battery unit 1 of a multi-cell battery, wherein each battery unit balance control circuit has a unit balance power. After obtaining the actual charging power of battery cell 1, use the following formula to obtain the equalization duration:
  • the equalization duration can be accurately and effectively obtained, and the efficiency of obtaining the equalization duration is improved.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power adjustment on the battery cell within the equalization duration, including the following steps.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to stop the power regulation of the battery cell when the end time of the equalization duration is reached and the multi-cell battery has been balanced.
  • the above content is continuously described.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit is used to balance battery cell 1, battery cell 2 and battery cell 3 within the equalization duration, and the multi-cell battery is still unbalanced, it is necessary to obtain the updated actual charging power; then, according to the new The actual charge capacity determines the equalization duration, and battery cell 1, battery cell 2, and battery cell 3 are balanced.
  • the process of balancing battery cell 1, battery cell 2, and battery cell 3 using the battery cell balancing control circuit if the multi-cell battery reaches the equilibrium state before the balancing duration, the balancing of the multi-cell battery is stopped. In this way, the balancing of the multi-cell battery can be stopped in time.
  • the present invention also provides a battery charging control device for implementing the battery charging control method described above. As shown in FIG. 6, it is used for battery unit control.
  • the battery unit is at least one battery unit in a multi-cell battery.
  • the device includes a processor 604 and a memory 602.
  • the processor 604 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions.
  • the memory 602 is configured to store computer-executable instructions; when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the device can execute the following steps.
  • S2 Determine the equalization duration of the battery unit based on the actual charge capacity corresponding to the battery unit, where the equalization duration is the duration required by the battery unit equalization control circuit that matches the battery unit to control the battery unit
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power adjustment on the battery cell within the equalization duration.
  • the battery charging control device may further include but is not limited to a transmission unit 606, a display unit 608 and a connection bus 610.
  • the transmission unit 606 is configured to receive or send data through the network.
  • the display unit 608 is configured to display the equilibrium state of the multi-cell battery.
  • connection bus 610 is configured to connect each modular component in the battery charging control device.
  • each battery cell is usually balanced according to the result of indirect estimation of the voltage difference between the battery cells during the charging process of the multi-cell battery.
  • the above method cannot guarantee the accuracy of the balance control on the performance of each battery cell.
  • the battery since the actual charging power required to charge each battery cell to the target voltage is obtained, the battery can be adjusted according to the equalization duration obtained by the actual charging power, thereby achieving precise adjustment of each battery cell. the goal of.
  • a multi-cell battery includes three battery cells. After the multi-cell battery starts to charge, each battery cell corresponds to a cumulative charge amount. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that under the condition that the accumulated charge power of the multi-cell battery reaches the first threshold, all the battery cells enter a stable state at t1. Set the highest voltage at t1 (ie V1) as the target voltage. When the multi-cell battery is charged after t1, the actual capacity of each battery cell to the target voltage is tracked.
  • the method further includes the following steps.
  • the above content is continuously described.
  • the battery unit 1 reaches a stable state of charging after charging t1.
  • the battery cell 1 has not reached the stable state of charging, and the accumulated charging power needs to be cleared. Therefore, in the next charge, the accumulated charge power of the battery unit 1 needs to be re-measured. In this way, it is possible to prevent the problem of inaccuracy of the accumulated charge power obtained under the condition that the charge is continued after termination.
  • the step of obtaining the actual charging power required to charge the battery cells included in the multi-cell battery to the target voltage includes the following steps.
  • S2 Determine the target voltage according to the stable voltage of the battery cell.
  • the step of determining the target voltage according to the stable voltage of the battery cell may refer to but is not limited to determining the maximum stable voltage of the battery cell among the stable voltages of the battery cells in the multi-cell battery as the target voltage.
  • the above situation is continuously described with reference to the above conditions, in which the multi-cell battery includes three battery cells together with battery 1 and battery 2.
  • Figure 4 it is a graph of the voltage of the optional battery cell 1 and the battery cell 2 over time.
  • V1 the battery cell stable voltage of battery cell 1
  • V2 the battery cell stable voltage of battery cell 2
  • V1 the target voltage
  • V2 needs to be adjusted.
  • the time changes from t1 to t2.
  • the actual charge capacity of the battery cell 2 in the process from t1 to t2 is calculated. Therefore, the actual capacity of the tracked battery cell (ie, battery cell 2) to the target voltage is the capacity difference between the tracked battery cell and the battery cell with the highest voltage.
  • the actual equilibrium capacity is the actual capacity of each battery cell minus the target voltage when the actual capacity of all battery cells is the largest.
  • the equilibrium capacity of each battery cell should be the difference between the average actual capacity of all battery cells and the actual capacity of each battery cell.
  • the current should be stable, which means that the current change should be within a given threshold, such as 2A, which depends on the value of the internal resistance of the battery cell. If the current change exceeds a given threshold, the entire process must start from the beginning, and all accumulated capacity will be reset to zero.
  • the method further includes the following steps.
  • S2 Perform temperature compensation on the actual charging power corresponding to the battery cell according to the temperature curve.
  • the actual charging power is reduced according to the first ratio shown by the temperature curve.
  • the actual charging power is increased according to the second ratio shown by the temperature curve.
  • the above content is described. Since the temperature has an effect on the actual charging power of the battery unit, it is also necessary to obtain the battery cell temperature in the current environment in the process of calculating the actual charging power.
  • the target temperature is represented by T, and the corresponding compensation ratio is 1.
  • the compensation ratio r1 corresponding to the battery cell temperature c to perform temperature compensation on the actual charging power.
  • the compensation ratio r1 can be equal to the compensation ratio r2, and the compensation ratio r1 can also be different from the compensation ratio r2, which is determined by the temperature curve.
  • the step of determining the equalization duration of the battery cell based on the actual charge capacity corresponding to the battery cell includes the following steps.
  • S2 Obtain the ratio of the actual charge power to the unit balance power, and set the battery balance duration corresponding to the battery unit to be equal to the ratio.
  • the battery unit balance control circuit A is used to control the battery unit 1 of a multi-cell battery, wherein each battery unit balance control circuit has a unit balance power. After obtaining the actual charging power of battery cell 1, use the following formula to obtain the equalization duration:
  • the equalization duration can be accurately and effectively obtained, and the efficiency of obtaining the equalization duration is improved.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power adjustment on the battery cell within the equalization duration, including the following steps.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to stop the power regulation of the battery cell when the end time of the equalization duration is reached and the multi-cell battery has been balanced.
  • the above content is continuously described.
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit is used to balance battery cell 1, battery cell 2 and battery cell 3 within the equalization duration, and the multi-cell battery is still unbalanced, it is necessary to obtain the updated actual charging power; then, according to the new The actual charge capacity determines the equalization duration, and battery cell 1, battery cell 2, and battery cell 3 are balanced.
  • the process of balancing battery cell 1, battery cell 2, and battery cell 3 using the battery cell balancing control circuit if the multi-cell battery reaches the equilibrium state before the balancing duration, the balancing of the multi-cell battery is stopped. In this way, the balancing of multi-cell batteries can be stopped in time.
  • an electric vehicle for implementing the above-mentioned battery charging control method.
  • the electric vehicle includes a processor 704 and a memory 702.
  • the processor 704 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions.
  • the memory 702 is configured to store computer-executable instructions; when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the electric vehicle can execute the following steps.
  • S2 Determine the equalization duration of the battery unit based on the actual charge capacity corresponding to the battery unit, where the equalization duration is the duration required by the battery unit equalization control circuit that matches the battery unit to control the battery unit
  • the battery cell equalization control circuit matched with the battery cell is controlled to perform power adjustment on the battery cell within the equalization duration.
  • the electric vehicle may further include but is not limited to a transmission unit 706, a display unit 708, and a connection bus 710.
  • the transmission unit 706 is configured to receive or transmit data through the network.
  • the display unit 708 is configured to display the equilibrium state of the multi-cell battery.
  • connection bus 710 is configured to connect each modular component in the battery charging control device.
  • the battery cell power can be adjusted according to the equalization duration obtained through the actual charging power to achieve accurate adjustment of each battery cell purpose.
  • the performance of the multi-cell battery is improved, thereby improving the performance of the electric vehicle.
  • the integrated unit in the embodiment can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and the storage medium includes multiple instructions for making one or more terminal devices (which may be PC computers, servers, or network devices, etc.) execute the method in each embodiment of the present invention.
  • the disclosed client can be implemented in other ways, and the above device embodiments are only illustrative.
  • the division of units may be the division of logic functions, and there may be additional division modes during actual implementation.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or may not be implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be performed via some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be in electrical or other forms.
  • Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units. That is, these units or components can be located in one location or scattered on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to implement the solutions in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • all functional units in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing unit, or exist as independent physical units, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the integrated unit can be realized by using hardware or by using a form of software functional unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池充电控制方法和设备以及诸如电动车辆等由电池供电的设备。用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，该方法包括：在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量；基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间；控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。本发明解决了相关技术中对多单元电池中的每个电池单元的均衡控制的低准确性的技术问题。

Description

电池充电控制方法和装置以及电动车辆
相关申请
本申请要求于2019年4月8日提交美国专利商标局、申请号为16/377,271、发明名称为“电池充电控制方法和装置以及电动汽车”的美国专利申请的优先权，上述专利的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电子领域，更具体地，涉及一种电池充电控制方法和装置以及一种电动车辆。
背景技术
在由多个电池单元组成的多单元电池应用于车辆的随机动态工况的过程中，由于其在生产过程，服务环境，自放电等方面的差异，每个电池单元的性能通常是不一致的，因此引起多单元电池的过充电，过放电和不准确状态性能预测的问题。
目前，相关技术中提供的控制方式利用间接估计的结果，例如电压导出的容量差或单元级的充电器的状态差，对多单元电池中的每个电池单元实施均衡控制。然而，对于在车辆驾驶过程中频繁且随机地发生的复杂工况，如果采用上述间接估计方法，则不能保证均衡控制对每个电池单元性能的准确性。
对于上述问题，到目前为止还没有任何有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电池充电控制方法和装置，以及电动车辆等由电池供电的设备，以至少解决多单元电池中对每个电池单元进行均衡控制的低准确性的技术问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，本发明提供一种电池充电控制方法，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，包括：在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态后，获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量；基于与所述电池单元相应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制 电路控制所述电池单元所需的持续时间；与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对所述电池单元执行电量调节。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，本发明提供一种电池充电控制装置，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，包括：处理器，被配置为执行计算机可执行指令；以及存储器，用于存储所述计算机可执行指令；所述计算机可执行指令在由所述处理器执行时，使所述装置执行以下步骤：在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态后，获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量；基于与所述电池单元相应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制所述电池单元所需的持续时间；与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路，被控制以在均衡持续时间内对所述电池单元执行电量调节。
根据本发明实施例的又一方面，本发明提供一种电动车辆，可进行电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，其包括：处理器，被配置为执行计算机可执行指令；以及存储器，用于存储所述计算机可执行指令；所述计算机可执行指令在由所述处理器执行时，使所述装置执行以下步骤：在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态后，获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量；基于与所述电池单元相应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制所述电池单元所需的持续时间；与所述电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路，被控制以在均衡持续时间内对所述电池单元执行电量调节。
在本发明实施例中，在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态后，获取将每个电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量，根据实际充电电量确定电池的均衡持续时间，电池单元被控制以根据均衡持续时间实施电量调节。在上述方法中，由于获取了将每个电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量，因此可以根据通过实际充电电量获得的均衡持续时间对电池单元执行电量调节，并且实现了精确调节每个电池单元的目的。因此，相关技术中对多单元电池中每个电池单元的均衡控制的低准确性的技术问题得到了解决。
附图说明
这里描述的附图以提供对本发明的进一步理解，并作为本发明的一部分。示意性的实施例和说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限制。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的可选的一种电池充电控制方法的流程图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的可选的一种电池充电控制方法的示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的可选的另一种电池充电控制方法的示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的可选的又一种电池充电控制方法的示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的可选的又一种电池充电控制方法的示意图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的可选的一种电池充电控制装置的结构示意图；以及
图7是根据本发明实施例的一种电动车辆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚和完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明实施例的一部分，而不是所有实施例。在本发明实施例的基础上，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
需要指出的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求以及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等旨在区分类似的对象，并且不需要描述特定的顺序或优先顺序。应当理解的是，可以在适当的条件下交换以这种方式使用的数据，以便这里描述的本公开的实施例可以以除了此处附图示出或描述的顺序之外的顺序来实现。另外，术语“包括”、“包含”及其变体旨在涵盖非排他性的内容。例如，包含一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不需要清楚地显示那些步骤或单元，并且可以包括没有清楚地显示的这些过程、方法、产品或设备的其他固有步骤或单元。
根据本公开的实施例的一个方面，本发明提供一种电池充电控制方法。可选地，作为一种可选的实施方式，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，该电池充电控制方法包括以下步骤。
S102：在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量。
S104：基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间。
S106：与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
可选地，电池充电控制方法可以应用于但不限于多单元电池中的电池单元被控制充电时的过程。例如，以安装在电动车辆上的多单元电池中的电池单元被控制充电的过程为例，在电动车辆上的多单元电池充电过程中，在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态后，获取将每个电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量，根据实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，并基于均衡持续时间对电池单元执行电量调节。
要指出的是，在相关技术中，每个电池单元通常根据对多单元电池充电过程中按照各电池单元之间的电压差间接估计的结果来均衡。但是，上述方法不能保证均衡控制对每个电池单元性能的准确性。在本实施例中，由于获取了将每个电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量，因此可以根据实际充电电量获得的均衡持续时间对电池执行电量调节，实现了精确调节每个电池单元的目的。
可选地，作为一种可选的实施方式，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤。
S1：获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累积充电电量。
S2：在累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，确定多单元电池进入充电稳定状态。
例如，参考图2描述上述内容。例如，多单元电池包括三个电池单元。在多单元电池开始充电之后，每个电池单元对应一个累积充电电量。如图3所示，可以看出，在多单元电池的累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，所有电池单元在t1进入稳定状态。将t1处的最高电压(即V1)设定为目标电压。当多单元电池在t1之后充电时，跟踪每个电池单元对目标电压的实际容 量。
可选地，在获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累计充电电量之后，该方法还包括以下步骤。
S1：在累积充电电量未达到第一阈值并且充电终止的条件下清除累积充电电量。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3的条件，连续描述上述内容。参考图3，以电池单元1为例，电池单元1在充电t1后达到充电稳定状态。然而，在充电时间未达到t1的条件下终止充电的情况下，电池单元1未达到充电稳定状态，并且需要清除累积充电电量。因此，在下一次充电时，需要重新测量电池单元1的累积充电电量。以这种方式，可以防止在充电终止后继续的条件下获得的累积充电电量的不准确性的问题。
可选地，获取将包括在多单元电池中的电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量的步骤包括以下步骤。
S1，获取多单元电池中包括的多个电池单元在进入充电稳定状态时分别到达的电池单元稳定电压。
S2，根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压。
可选地，根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压的步骤可以参考但不限于将多单元电池中电池单元的电池单元稳定电压中的最大电池单元稳定电压确定为目标电压。
例如，参考上述条件连续描述上述情况，其中多单元电池包括三个电池单元并与电池1和电池2一起。如图4所示，它是可选的电池单元1和电池单元2的电压随时间的变化图。在t1时刻，电池单元1和电池单元2都达到充电稳定状态。此时，电池单元1的电池单元稳定电压是V1，电池单元2的电池单元稳定电压是V2。在将V1确定为目标电压的情况下，需要调节V2。在将V2调节到V1的过程中，时间从t1变为t2。此时，计算从t1到t2的过程中的电池单元2的实际充电电量。因此，被跟踪电池单元(即电池单元2)对目标电压的实际容量是被跟踪电池单元和具有最高电压的电池单元之间的容量差。
应当注意的是，为了使所有电池单元的容量与容量最低的电池单元对齐，实际均衡容量是在所有电池单元的实际容量最大的情况下，将每个电池单元的实际容量减去目标电压。
例如，每个电池单元的均衡容量应该是所有电池单元的平均实际容量与每个电池单元的实际容量之差。在整个过程中，电流应该是稳定的，这意味着电流变化应该在给定的阈值内，例如2A，这取决于电池单元内阻的值。如果电流变化超出给定的阈值，则整个过程必须从头开始，并且所有累积容量都将重置为零。
通过上述方法，提高了获取实际充电电量的准确性和获取效率。
可选地，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量的过程中，该方法还包括以下步骤。
S1，获取当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度。
S2，根据温度曲线对与电池单元对应的实际充电电量进行温度补偿。在此，在电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度大于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第一比例调低实际充电电量。在电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度小于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第二比例调高实际充电电量。
例如，参考多单元电池包括三个电池单元的条件并以电池单元1为例来描述上述内容。由于温度对电池单元的实际充电电量有影响，因此在计算实际充电电量的过程中还需要获取当前环境的电池单元温度。例如，目标温度由T表示，相应的补偿比例为1。在电池单元温度为c(c>b)的情况下，需要使用与电池单元温度c对应的补偿比例r1对实际充电电量进行温度补偿。在电池单元温度为a(a<b)的情况下，需要使用与电池单元温度a对应的补偿比例r2对实际充电电量进行温度补偿。其中，补偿比例r1可以等于补偿比例r2，补偿比例r1也可以与补偿比例r2不同，这由温度曲线确定。
因此，防止了不同电池单元温度对电池充电均衡过程的影响，并且提高了均衡多单元电池的均衡效率。
可选地，基于对应于电池单元的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间的步骤包括以下步骤。
S1，获取配置到电池单元均衡控制电路以与电池单元匹配的单位均衡电量。
S2，获取实际充电电量与单位均衡电量的比率，并且设定与该电池单元相对应的电池均衡持续时间与该比率相等。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3的条件，连续描述上述内容。参考图5，以电池单元1为例，电池单元均衡控制电路A用于控制多单元电池的电池单元1，其中每个电池单元平衡控制电路具有单位均衡电量。在获取到电池单元1的实际充电电量之后，使用以下公式获取均衡持续时间：
均衡持续时间＝实际充电电量/单位均衡电量。
通过上述公式，可以准确有效地获取均衡持续时间，提高了获取均衡持续时间的效率。
可选地，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整包括以下步骤。
S1，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻并且多单元电池已均衡的条件下停止对电池单元的电量调节。
S2，在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻而多单元电池不平衡的条件下，获取对应于电池单元的更新的实际充电电量；基于更新的实际充电电量确定更新的均衡持续时间；与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在更新的均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调节。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括三个电池单元的条件，连续地描述上述内容。在电池单元均衡控制电路用于在均衡持续时间内分别均衡电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3之后，多单元电池仍然不均衡的情况下，需要获取更新的实际充电电量；然后，根据新的实际充电电量确定均衡持续时间，并且电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3是均衡的。在采用电池单元均衡控制电路对电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3进行均衡的过程中，多单元电池先于均衡持续时间达到均衡状态的情况下，多单元电池的均衡被停止。这样，可以及时停止多单元电池的均衡。
要指出的是，为了使描述简明，前述方法实施例表示为一系列动作。然而，本领域技术人员应该理解，本发明不限于所描述的动作顺序，因为根据本发明一些步骤可以以其他顺序执行或者同时执行。另外，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的所有实施例均属于优选实施例，相关的动作和模块并不必然地局限于本发明。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，本发明还提供一种电池充电控制装置，用于实现上述电池充电控制方法。如图6所示，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，该装置包括处理器604和存储器602。
(1)处理器604被配置为执行计算机可执行指令。
(2)存储器602被配置为存储计算机可执行指令；计算机可执行指令在由处理器执行时，使装置能够执行以下步骤。
S1，在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量。
S2，基于对应于电池单元的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间
S3，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
可选地，电池充电控制装置还可以包括但不限于传输单元606，显示单元608和连接总线610。
(3)传输单元606被配置为通过网络接收或发送数据。
(4)显示单元608被配置为显示多单元电池的均衡状态。
(5)连接总线610被配置为连接电池充电控制装置中的每个模块化部件。
要指出的是，在相关技术中，每个电池单元通常根据对多单元电池充电过程中按照各电池单元之间的电压差间接估计的结果来均衡。但是，上述方法不能保证均衡控制对每个电池单元性能的准确性。在本实施例中，由于获取了将每个电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量，因此可以根据实 际充电电量获得的均衡持续时间对电池执行电量调节，实现了精确调节每个电池单元的目的。
可选地，作为一种可选的实施方式，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤。
S1：获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累积充电电量。
S2：在累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，确定多单元电池进入充电稳定状态。
例如，参考图2描述上述内容。例如，多单元电池包括三个电池单元。在多单元电池开始充电之后，每个电池单元对应一个累积充电电量。如图3所示，可以看出，在多单元电池的累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，所有电池单元在t1进入稳定状态。将t1处的最高电压(即V1)设定为目标电压。当多单元电池在t1之后充电时，跟踪每个电池单元对目标电压的实际容量。
可选地，在获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累计充电电量之后，该方法还包括以下步骤。
S1：在累积充电电量未达到第一阈值并且充电终止的条件下清除累积充电电量。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3的条件，连续描述上述内容。参考图3，以电池单元1为例，电池单元1在充电t1后达到充电稳定状态。然而，在充电时间未达到t1的条件下终止充电的情况下，电池单元1未达到充电稳定状态，并且需要清除累积充电电量。因此，在下一次充电时，需要重新测量电池单元1的累积充电电量。以这种方式，可以防止在充电终止后继续的条件下获得的累积充电电量的不准确性的问题。
可选地，获取将包括在多单元电池中的电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量的步骤包括以下步骤。
S1，获取多单元电池中包括的多个电池单元在进入充电稳定状态时分别到达的电池单元稳定电压。
S2，根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压。
可选地，根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压的步骤可以参考但不限于将多单元电池中电池单元的电池单元稳定电压中的最大电池单元稳定电压确定为目标电压。
例如，参考上述条件连续描述上述情况，其中多单元电池包括三个电池单元并与电池1和电池2一起。如图4所示，它是可选的电池单元1和电池单元2的电压随时间的变化图。在t1时刻，电池单元1和电池单元2都达到充电稳定状态。此时，电池单元1的电池单元稳定电压是V1，电池单元2的电池单元稳定电压是V2。在将V1确定为目标电压的情况下，需要调节V2。在将V2调节到V1的过程中，时间从t1变为t2。此时，计算从t1到t2的过程中的电池单元2的实际充电电量。因此，被跟踪电池单元(即电池单元2)对目标电压的实际容量是被跟踪电池单元和具有最高电压的电池单元之间的容量差。
应当注意的是，为了使所有电池单元的容量与容量最低的电池单元对齐，实际均衡容量是在所有电池单元的实际容量最大的情况下，将每个电池单元的实际容量减去目标电压。
例如，每个电池单元的均衡容量应该是所有电池单元的平均实际容量与每个电池单元的实际容量之差。在整个过程中，电流应该是稳定的，这意味着电流变化应该在给定的阈值内，例如2A，这取决于电池单元内阻的值。如果电流变化超出给定的阈值，则整个过程必须从头开始，并且所有累积容量都将重置为零。
通过上述方法，提高了获取实际充电电量的准确性和获取效率。
可选地，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量的过程中，该方法还包括以下步骤。
S1，获取当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度。
S2，根据温度曲线对与电池单元对应的实际充电电量进行温度补偿。在此，在电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度大于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第一比例调低实际充电电量。在电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度小于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第二比例调高实际充电电量。
例如，参考多单元电池包括三个电池单元的条件并以电池单元1为例来描述上述内容。由于温度对电池单元的实际充电电量有影响，因此在计算实际充电电量的过程中还需要获取当前环境的电池单元温度。例如，目标温度由T表示，相应的补偿比例为1。在电池单元温度为c(c>b)的情况下，需要使用与电池单元温度c对应的补偿比例r1对实际充电电量进行温度补偿。在电池单元温度为a(a<b)的情况下，需要使用与电池单元温度a对应的补偿比例r2对实际充电电量进行温度补偿。其中，补偿比例r1可以等于补偿比例r2，补偿比例r1也可以与补偿比例r2不同，这由温度曲线确定。
因此，防止了不同电池单元温度对电池充电均衡过程的影响，并且提高了均衡多单元电池的均衡效率。
可选地，基于对应于电池单元的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间的步骤包括以下步骤。
S1，获取配置到电池单元均衡控制电路以与电池单元匹配的单位均衡电量。
S2，获取实际充电电量与单位均衡电量的比率，并且设定与该电池单元相对应的电池均衡持续时间与该比率相等。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3的条件，连续描述上述内容。参考图5，以电池单元1为例，电池单元均衡控制电路A用于控制多单元电池的电池单元1，其中每个电池单元平衡控制电路具有单位均衡电量。在获取到电池单元1的实际充电电量之后，使用以下公式获取均衡持续时间：
均衡持续时间＝实际充电电量/单位均衡电量。
通过上述公式，可以准确有效地获取均衡持续时间，提高了获取均衡持续时间的效率。
可选地，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整包括以下步骤。
S1，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻并且多单元电池已均衡的条件下停止对电池单元的电量调节。
S2，在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻而多单元电池不平衡的条件下，获取对应于电池单元的更新的实际充电电量；基于更新的实际充电电量确定更新的均衡持续时间；与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在更新的均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调节。
例如，参考上述多单元电池包括三个电池单元的条件，连续地描述上述内容。在电池单元均衡控制电路用于在均衡持续时间内分别均衡电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3之后，多单元电池仍然不均衡的情况下，需要获取更新的实际充电电量；然后，根据新的实际充电电量确定均衡持续时间，并且电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3是均衡的。在采用电池单元均衡控制电路对电池单元1、电池单元2和电池单元3进行均衡的过程中，多单元电池先于均衡持续时间达到均衡状态的情况下，多单元电池的均衡被停止。这样，可以及时停止多单元电池的均衡。
根据本公开实施例的又一方面，如图7所示，还提供了一种用于实现上述电池充电控制方法的电动车辆，对于多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元中的每个电池单元，该电动车辆包括处理器704和存储器702。
(1)处理器704被配置为执行计算机可执行指令。
(2)存储器702被配置为存储计算机可执行指令；所述计算机可执行指令在由所述处理器执行时，使所述电动车辆能够执行以下步骤。
S1，在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量。
S2，基于对应于电池单元的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间
S3，与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路被控制以在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
可选地，电动车辆还可以包括但不限于传输单元706，显示单元708和连接总线710。
(3)传输单元706被配置为通过网络接收或发送数据。
(4)显示单元708被配置为显示多单元电池的均衡状态。
(5)连接总线710被配置为连接电池充电控制装置中的每个模块化部件。
在本实施例中，由于获取了每个电池单元充电至目标电压时的实际充电电量，因此可以根据通过实际充电电量获取的均衡持续时间对电池单元进行电量调整，实现准确调整每个电池单元的目的。此外，改善了多单元电池的性能，从而改善了电动车辆的性能。
本发明实施例的序号仅用于描述，并不代表实施例的优缺点。
如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并且被出售或用作独立产品，则实施例中的集成单元也可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明技术方案的实质或对传统技术的零件加以构造可以以软件产品的形式来实现。计算机软件产品存储在存储介质中，该存储介质包括用于使一个或多个终端设备(可以是PC计算机，服务器或网络设备等)执行本发明的每个实施例中的方法的多个指令。
在本发明的上述实施例中，每个实施例是分别着重描述的，在某些实施例中没有详细阐述的部分可以参考其他实施例的相关描述。
在本发明提供的一些实施例中，将理解的是，所公开的客户端可以以其他方式实现，其中上述装置实施例仅是示意性的。例如，单元的划分可以是逻辑功能的划分，并且在实际实现期间可以有附加的划分模式。例如，多个单元或组件可以被组合或集成到另一个系统，或者一些特征可以被省略或可以不被执行。另外，可以经由一些接口来执行所显示或讨论的相互耦合或直接耦合或通信连接，并且单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接可以是电形式或其他形式。
被描述为单独组件的单元可以是或可以不是物理上分离的，并且显示为单元的组件可以是或可以不是物理单元。即这些单元或组件可以位于一个位置或分散在多个网络单元上。可以根据实际需要选择部分或全部单元来实施本发明实施例中的解决方案。
另外，本发明各实施例中的所有功能单元可以集成为处理单元，或者作为独立的物理单元存在，或者可以将两个以上的单元集成为一个单元。可以通过使用硬件或通过使用软件功能单元的形式来实现集成单元。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施方式。应当指出的是，本领域普通技术人员在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出一些改进和修改。这些改进和修改应落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池充电控制方法，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，所述方法包括：
    在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量；
    基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间；
    控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤：
    获取多单元电池中包括的多个电池单元在进入充电稳定状态时分别到达的电池单元稳定电压；
    根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤：
    获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累积充电电量；
    在累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，确定多单元电池进入充电稳定状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，在获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累计充电电量之后，还包括以下步骤：
    在累积充电电量未达到第一阈值并且充电终止的条件下清除累积充电电量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量的步骤具体包括：
    获取当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度；
    根据温度曲线对与电池单元对应的实际充电电量进行温度补偿，其中，在当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度大于目标温度的条件下，根据温 度曲线所示的第一比例调低实际充电电量；在当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度小于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第二比例调高实际充电电量。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间的步骤具体包括：
    获取配置到电池单元均衡控制电路以与电池单元匹配的单位均衡电量；
    获取实际充电电量与单位均衡电量的比率，并且设定与该电池单元相对应的电池均衡持续时间与该比率相等。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整的步骤具体包括：
    控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻并且多单元电池已均衡的条件下，停止对电池单元的电量调节；
    在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻而多单元电池不平衡的条件下，获取对应于电池单元的更新的实际充电电量；基于更新的实际充电电量确定更新的均衡持续时间；控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在更新的均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调节。
  8. 一种电池充电控制装置，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，所述装置包括：
    处理器，被配置为执行计算机可执行指令；以及
    存储器，被配置为存储计算机可执行指令；计算机可执行指令在由处理器执行时，使装置能够执行以下步骤：
    在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量；
    基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间；
    控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤：
    获取多单元电池中包括的多个电池单元在进入充电稳定状态时分别到达的电池单元稳定电压；
    根据电池单元稳定电压确定目标电压。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，在获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量之前，还包括以下步骤：
    获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累积充电电量；
    在累积充电电量达到第一阈值的条件下，确定多单元电池进入充电稳定状态。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，在获取自多单元电池进入充电状态后的累计充电电量之后，还包括以下步骤：
    在累积充电电量未达到第一阈值并且充电终止的条件下清除累积充电电量。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述获取将电池单元充电至目标电压所需的实际充电电量的步骤具体包括：
    获取当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度；
    根据温度曲线对与电池单元对应的实际充电电量进行温度补偿，其中，在当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度大于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第一比例调低实际充电电量；在当前电池单元所处环境中的电池单元温度小于目标温度的条件下，根据温度曲线所示的第二比例调高实际充电电量。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间的步骤具体包括：
    获取配置到电池单元均衡控制电路以与电池单元匹配的单位均衡电量；
    获取实际充电电量与单位均衡电量的比率，并且设定与该电池单元相对应的电池均衡持续时间与该比率相等。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整的步骤具 体包括：
    控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻并且多单元电池已均衡的条件下，停止对电池单元的电量调节；
    在达到均衡持续时间的结束时刻而多单元电池不平衡的条件下，获取对应于电池单元的更新的实际充电电量；基于更新的实际充电电量确定更新的均衡持续时间；控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在更新的均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调节。
  15. 一种电动车辆，用于电池单元控制，所述电池单元为多单元电池中的至少一个电池单元，所述电动车辆包括：
    处理器，被配置为执行计算机可执行指令；以及
    存储器，被配置为存储计算机可执行指令；计算机可执行指令在由处理器执行时，使装置能够执行以下步骤：
    在多单元电池进入充电稳定状态之后，获取将电池单元充电到目标电压所需的实际充电电量；
    基于与电池单元相对应的实际充电电量确定电池单元的均衡持续时间，其中均衡持续时间是与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路控制电池单元所需的持续时间；
    控制与电池单元匹配的电池单元均衡控制电路在均衡持续时间内对电池单元执行电量调整。
PCT/CN2020/074783 2019-04-08 2020-02-12 电池充电控制方法和装置以及电动车辆 Ceased WO2020207111A1 (zh)

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