WO2020204868A1

WO2020204868A1 - Wind turbine

Info

Publication number: WO2020204868A1
Application number: PCT/UA2019/000041
Authority: WO
Inventors: Андрей Петрович ТАРАСЕНКО
Original assignee: Андрей Петрович ТАРАСЕНКО
Priority date: 2019-03-29
Filing date: 2019-04-05
Publication date: 2020-10-08

Abstract

The present wind turbine comprises a tower structure (1) on which is rigidly fastened a support platform (6) configured as two planes, one of which is stationary (7) and rigidly fastened on the tower structure (1) and the second of which is pivotable (8) and mounted on the stationary plane (7) of the support platform (6) such that it is pivotable relative to the stationary plane (7). A wind flow accelerator (9) is mounted and rigidly fastened on the pivotable plane (8). The wind flow accelerator (9) is made of a durable, flexible material in the form of a flat sheet bent into a parabola such the opening angle is changeable. At least one port (15) equipped with an adjustable flap (16) and an adjustment mechanism (17) for same is provided in the accelerator (9). At least one wind impeller (12) with generators is fastened on each vertical end face of the wind flow accelerator (9).

Description

Utility model name

Wind power plant

The utility model relates to wind energy and serves to convert kinetic wind energy into electrical energy.

Prior art

It is known from aerodynamics that the kinetic energy of an air flow is proportional to the cube of its speed. Accordingly, the volume of electricity generated by a wind power plant has a cubic dependence on the speed of the air flow (wind).

The main problem of creating effective installations that convert the kinetic energy of a moving air medium into various types of useful energy is the need to take into account the variability of the direction of movement, speed, force and other characteristics of air flows. Moreover, these variable characteristics, as a rule, do not lend themselves well to calculations and modeling, although on the basis of long-term observations for each locality, in principle, local “wind roses” can be determined. In any case, installations for converting the kinetic energy of a moving air medium must be arranged in such a way as to most effectively "catch" these flows at each moment of time and from the widest possible directions.

Known wind power plant containing a rack, a wind wheel, a device for orienting the wind wheel to the wind, which consists of a tail and a turntable, on the lower side of which a tubular head is installed, equipped with a bearing, and on the blades of the wind wheel there are segmented rotor elements oriented to the center of the wind wheel (patent RU N "2237192, published on September 27, 2004).

The disadvantage of this installation is not very effective "catching" the wind, in particular, because of the relatively small surface area of the blades in contact with the wind. Attempts to improve the efficiency of "catching" the wind by making movable planes of each blade of the wind turbine, support rings and wind guiding screens made of film materials with different physical and mechanical properties in the form of one or more hollow sealed volumes filled with a gas mixture with different internal pressures, which are connected between themselves and form the volume of the required design, did not lead to any significant improvements, and received a negative result for a number of indicators. So, in particular, when trying to increase the size of the area in contact with the wind, the surface of the blades, the reliability of such installations has sharply decreased and their efficiency has decreased. At the same time, it became necessary to create more fortified, more massive and cumbersome supports, which is associated with a significant increase in the costs of building and maintaining such wind power plants (patent RU M> 2292485, published on January 27, 2007).

More modern designs of installations for converting the energy of a moving air environment are equipped with special flow guiding means, which are designed to concentrate and "accumulate" initially oppositely directed natural flows in the zone of the turbine wheel blades. As an example of this type of installation can be called a known wind turbine, which contains a vertical shaft with flat blades attached to it (patent RU N "2237822, published 10.10.2004). The shaft is mechanically connected to an electric generator through a gear wheel and a gearbox. Around the blades, between the upper and lower plates, wind-guiding walls are installed, some ends of which are located at the circumference of the blades, and their other ends are set aside to the periphery. An increase in its efficiency due to the presence of wind guiding walls is indicated as an advantage of such a wind turbine. However, its efficiency is still not high enough, primarily due to the fact that it is impossible to "catch" the direction of the air flows to the turbine wheel, flowing below and above, respectively, the lower and upper plates.

Known wind power plant (patent RU N "2254495, published on June 20, 2005, bulletin Ns 17). It consists of a mast, a base that turns under the influence of the wind about the vertical axis of the mast, a sail that receives the wind flow, and mechanisms for turning the sail about its horizontal and vertical axes. Each of the mechanisms for turning the sail relative to the horizontal and vertical axes is kinematically, by means of levers and traction pivotally connected to the base and to each other, with a working member of the installation, for example, a cable. The presence of the device for turning the sail relative to the horizontal axis provides, when turning (swinging the sail relative to the horizontal axis), the reciprocating movement of both the sail and the associated lever, fixed above the horizontal axis of the device, and the working body - the cable and then the pump piston.

This wind turbine is also quite difficult to manufacture and maintain. In addition, the use of cable elements in its kinematics reduces the reliability of operation in adverse weather conditions, especially in icy conditions.

The same can be said about another known wind power plant containing sail blades and associated support carts mounted on a closed track (SU 12751 14 published on 07.12.1986). The sailing blades are connected by cables to the support carts and the generator pulley. A sail blade moves in the direction of the wind under the influence of the wind, and the other is transferred to a horizontal position and moves towards the wind.

Known wind power plant containing two sails, oscillating relative to each other and alternately changing their resistance to the wind, and the wind power plant is made in the form of vertical masts with sails installed at their upper ends and lower ends pivotally fixed on the base, equipped with a device for converting energy, and the upper ends of the masts are able to swing relative to each other in antiphase. In addition, the wind turbine has a hydraulic device connected to the bottom of the mast. Moreover, the masts are made in the form of a spatial articulated parallelogram (patent RU N ° 2131537, publ. 10.06.1999)).

The disadvantages of this installation include its cumbersome design, this also applies to the masts themselves and, especially, the mechanism for opening and closing the parallel plates of the sails, as well as the mechanism for transferring the sails to a horizontal position.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is a known wind power plant containing a tower structure, a supporting turntable, a propeller wind wheel with a generator and a tail unit. A confuser ring is installed in front of the plane of the blades, which allows collecting an additional wind flow, and it is rigidly fixed with a supporting rotary platform, and the tail area is increased to maintain the orientation of the wind power plant (patent RU N °: 65579, published 10.08.2007, bulletin N ° 22 )

The disadvantage of the known device is the low efficiency of the installation due to the formation of an air cushion at the inlet to the confuser. the wind wheel creates a back-up and part of the air flow, in this case, flows around the confuser along its outer surface. All this does not allow to usefully convert wind energy in full.

Disclosure of a utility model The utility model is based on the task of increasing the efficiency of the wind power plant, simplifying the design, expanding the technological possibilities of use.

The technical result, which is achieved by solving the problem, is expressed in increasing the utilization rate of wind energy, as well as increasing the efficiency of the generator. In addition, the weight of the wind turbine is reduced and the structure is simplified.

The problem is solved by the fact that in a wind power plant containing a tower structure, a supporting rotary platform, a propeller wind wheel with a generator, a wind flow accelerator rigidly fixed on a rotary platform, according to the utility model, the supporting rotary platform is made in the form of two planes, one of which is fixed and rigid fixed on a tower structure, and the second is movable and installed on a stationary, with the ability to rotate relative to its flat surface, while the wind flow accelerator is made in the form of a flat sheet curved in a parabola with the ability to change the opening angle from a durable flexible material and is installed on a movable plane of the turntable In addition, at least one wind wheel with generators is attached to each vertical end face of the wind flow accelerator. Such a constructive implementation of the wind flow accelerator with wind wheels with generators placed on it makes it possible, by changing the direction of movement of particles (air molecules), to transfer an energy impulse from the incoming particle (molecule) to the ahead flying particle (molecule), which has already changed its direction of motion after the start interactions with the accelerator. There is a summation of their impulses, and not mutual destruction, and at the same time the trajectory of the movement of particles occurs along an arc, which, in turn, creates the effect of movement in a circle with the occurrence of centrifugal accelerations. Acceleration, as is known from the elementary laws of physics, increases the speed of movement. In nature this effect is similar to the vortex effect, which is essentially the concentrated energy of the wind that rotates. As a result, the flow rate increases and the efficiency of removing from it, its energy, increases due to the new acquired impulse. The efficiency of the installation increases, not due to the transformation of types of energy, but due to the use of the result of the interaction of air particles, in which the trajectory of their particles changes and its flow accelerates. After a collision with a wind flow accelerator, which is a sheet of polished metal or polymer material bent in the form of a parabola, air molecules bounce off, while changing their direction of movement not 180 degrees relative to the initial movement, since the repulsion surface is not an even perpendicular plane, but curved in the shape of a parabola and has a smooth polished surface. The next molecule, flying after the first, collides with the bouncing molecule, and, as described above, their collision is not absolutely opposite in direction at an angle of 1 80 degrees, therefore, there is no mutually destroying effect between them, but another repulsion and a change in the direction of movement occurs. As a result of the obstruction of the wind flow accelerator installed perpendicular to the flow, the density of the medium in the air flow changes locally in different places. Due to the fact that there is no collision of molecules with an absolutely opposite direction of movement, the flow energy does not fade away and the accelerator is not an obstacle that extinguishes the transfer rate, but simply narrows the conditional passage and simultaneously seals and accelerates the air flow so that the mass transfer does not change, but in a tight spot just accelerates. The presence of a window in the wind flow accelerator with an adjustable sash removes the obstacle to the free passage of the wind flow in its direction in a hurricane wind and does not create conditions for increasing the loads on all mechanisms of the wind power plant and eliminates the possibility of breakdown and breakdown of the accelerator, so that b increases the safe operation of the wind turbine and its efficiency.

The acceleration of the flow and its compaction decides the design of the wind flow accelerator.

5 Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wind power plant made according to the present invention, perspective view.

Fig. 2 is a side view in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view.

10 Best embodiment of a utility model

The wind power plant includes a tower structure 1 containing supports 2, a maintenance platform 3 with a fence 4 and a ladder 5. In the upper part of the tower structure 1, there is a support platform 6 made in the form of two planes, one of which 15 is fixed 7 and rigidly fixed on the tower structure 1, and the second 8 is rotatable and mounted on a stationary 7, with the possibility of rotation relative to its flat surface.

On the rotary plane 8 of the support platform 6, a wind flow accelerator 9 is installed and rigidly fixed, made in the form of a flat sheet 20, curved along a parabola with the possibility of changing the opening angle. It is made of durable flexible material. On each vertical end 10 and 1 1 of the accelerator of the wind flow 9, at least one wind wheel 12 with generators (not indicated in the drawing) is fixed. On the convex side of the accelerator of the wind flow 9, a weather vane 13 is fixed as an auxiliary device 25, which helps the accelerator of the wind flow 9 to position perpendicular to the air flow. For more accurate and final positioning of the accelerator 9 and for the forced rotation of the upper rotary plane 8 of the platform 6. A drive is also installed 14. In the case of a hurricane wind, the speed of which exceeds 35 m / s, at least one window 15 is made in the wind flow accelerator 9 equipped with a flap 16, made adjustable, with the possibility of changing the area of the air flow passage relative to the window 15 and a mechanism for adjusting it 17.

The wind power plant works as follows.

The incident air flow during the primary interaction with the wind power plant, under the action of its own pressure, turns the wind flow accelerator 9 perpendicular to its direction with the concave part of the accelerator towards itself. This rotation of the wind flow accelerator 9 on the turning plane 8 of the platform 6 is facilitated by a weather vane 13. At low winds, the drive 14 helps in turning. As a result of interaction, the air flow is divided into two equal flows. These two streams are compacted, change their direction to the edges of the accelerator 9 and accelerate, having received the maximum speed at the ends of the accelerator 10, 1 1. At both ends of the accelerator 9, wind wheels 12 are installed in an assembly with generators (not indicated in the drawing), which convert energy wind flow into electric. As a result, we get the speed of the wind flow in the area where the wind wheels 12 with generators are located 2.5 times higher than the initial speed of the oncoming stream before interaction with the accelerator 9. In the case of a hurricane wind, the speed of which exceeds 35 m / s in the wind flow accelerator 9 with the sash 16 by means of the adjustment mechanism 17 adjust the size of the opening of the window 15. Thus, the obstacle to the free passage of the wind flow in its direction is removed. In this case, with a hurricane wind, the accelerator 9 is not an obstacle to the wind flow and does not create conditions for increasing the loads on all mechanisms of the wind power plant and excludes the possibility of breakdown and disruption of the accelerator 9, which guarantees the safe operation of the wind power plant. As a result, the efficiency in the wind power plant increases by 100%, since, according to the principle of its operation, the rotation speed of the wind wheels 12 is directly proportional to the cube of the flow rate. Thus, the claimed installation can operate at low altitudes, where the wind speed is lower, and also work without a tower. In this case, it can be placed on flat roofs of houses, since its other advantage is the absence of noise during operation.

Industrial applicability

The most successfully proposed device, made according to this utility model, can be used in industry, agriculture and other industries for heating and lighting buildings and structures. The unit can be used in close proximity to buildings and structures or on the roof of a house, working independently or in parallel with the power grid. The wind turbine can convert wind energy into electrical energy at low wind speeds, which allows the installation to be used year-round at high and low altitudes. This gives a significant increase in the generated electricity per year and expands the functionality of the use of installations. The proposed design allows the use of more efficient multi-blade and high-speed wind wheels, which eliminates the occurrence of harmful vibration 6-7 Hertz.

Claims

Utility model formula

A wind power plant containing a tower structure (1), a support platform (6), a propeller wind wheel (12) with a generator, a wind flow accelerator (9) rigidly fixed on a support platform (6), characterized in that the support platform (6) is made in the form of two planes, one of which is stationary (7) and rigidly fixed to the tower structure (1), and the second is rotary (8) and is installed on a fixed plane (7), the support platform (6) is rotatable, while the wind flow accelerator (9) is made of a durable flexible material in the form of a flat sheet curved in a parabola with the possibility of changing the opening angle, while it has at least one window (15) equipped with an adjustable flap (16) and a mechanism for adjusting it (17) and a wind flow accelerator (9) is installed on the rotary plane (8) of the support platform (6), in addition, at least one wind is attached to each vertical end of the wind flow accelerator (9) wheel (12) with generators.