WO2020200170A1 - 一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020200170A1 WO2020200170A1 PCT/CN2020/082085 CN2020082085W WO2020200170A1 WO 2020200170 A1 WO2020200170 A1 WO 2020200170A1 CN 2020082085 W CN2020082085 W CN 2020082085W WO 2020200170 A1 WO2020200170 A1 WO 2020200170A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
- C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B20/1033—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
Definitions
- the working principle of the distributed optical fiber sensor is roughly as follows: the optical fiber sensor is embedded in the concrete structure to be measured. When the concrete structure is strained, the optical fiber structure will also produce corresponding strain. The strain can be detected by detecting the strain of the optical fiber. Strain information of concrete members. When the strain of concrete structure is too large, cracks will occur. Since the strain of the optical fiber follows the change of the concrete being detected, the theoretical strain value of the optical fiber at the crack will have a peak value. This is how the distributed optical fiber sensor detects the crack.
- the pre-emulsion after adjusting the pH value is cooled in an ice bath using an ultrasonic bath to form an oil-in-water emulsion.
- the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave is 30% to 50%, with a 30-second pulse and a 10-second pause for 3 minutes. ;
- Microcapsules have high sensitivity, that is, they are mixed in concrete and directly cover the surface of concrete. Produce slippage and dislocation;
- the traditional distributed optical fiber sensor can only detect the crack when the optical fiber penetrates through the crack. If the crack does not intersect the optical fiber, it cannot be detected; while the microcapsule sensor has a large monitoring range and can be performed as long as there are microcapsules distributed. Strain monitoring.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the self-reporting damage concrete prepared by the present invention
- 11 is the microcapsule layer on the concrete surface
- 12 is the concrete structure layer
- 21 is the crack of the concrete structure
- 22 is the activated microcapsule in the microcapsule layer on the concrete surface
- 23 is the unactivated microcapsule layer on the concrete surface
- 24 is the activated microcapsule in the concrete structure layer.
- the ratio in the figure is just for easy understanding.
- the actual size of the microcapsules is nanometers and is evenly distributed throughout the structure. It is colorless before being activated, and appears blue after activation.
- polymethyl methacrylate PMMA
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- CVL crystal violet lactone
- CVL solid Powder, dissolved in phenyl acetate to become liquid, the amount of crystal violet lactone should not be too much, otherwise it may cause incomplete coating.
- the HS-30 type silica sol added in the present invention is used as an emulsifier to help form an emulsion; the pH value is adjusted by adding 1M HCl solution to help the formation of microcapsules.
- the method for preparing microcapsules in the present invention is a solvent evaporation method.
- An oil-in-water emulsion (O/W type emulsion) has been formed from step (6) of the preparation method, and the emulsion droplets contain the core material (CVL) and the capsule Wall material (PMMA) and volatile solvent (chloroform).
- step (7) chloroform is gradually removed from the emulsion droplets, and the PMMA in the droplets undergoes phase separation due to the volatilization of chloroform (PMMA It is a solid, dissolved in chloroform, called liquid), and then migrates to the surface of the CVL oil droplet, and is enriched on the surface; when the chloroform is completely evaporated, an oil core/polymer shell with CVL as the core and PMMA as the outer shell is obtained. Microcapsules.
- the CVL used in the present invention is a leuco dye, which is usually colorless, and silica is its developer. After the microcapsule is ruptured, the core material CVL flows out, and the silicon dioxide on the shell of the microcapsule appears blue. Therefore, as long as the microcapsules are broken, they will appear blue.
- the silica comes from the silica sol added in step (4) and remains on the surface of the microcapsule shell after the microcapsule coating is completed.
- the present invention only requires slight stirring (the stirring speed is generally about 1000 rpm, which is not much different from the stirring speed in the preparation process of the microcapsule dispersion system)
- the concrete can be obtained by self-compacting evenly, without vibrating, so the microcapsule dispersion system will not break during the preparation process.
- the present invention not only mixes the concrete with the microcapsule dispersion system, but also coats the concrete surface with a layer of microcapsule dispersion system. This is mainly because most of the cracks in the concrete structure develop from the surface, so the final coating on the surface is Strengthen the monitoring of the surface (to prevent the uneven distribution of microcapsules on the surface of the concrete during the setting and hardening process of the concrete), and the specific coating method is to lightly brush.
- the present invention proposes a method for preparing self-reporting damage concrete.
- This method combines visual sensing and concrete damage monitoring. Cracks appear when the color changes, which is intuitive (especially when monitoring structures that do not allow cracks. It is more convenient); and to reduce the difficulty of construction, the optical fiber sensor needs to be grooved on the surface of the concrete, and the self-reported damage concrete based on the microcapsule technology introduced in the present invention is simple to prepare and can be completed before pouring, and some steps can be prefabricated; High sensitivity, as long as the concrete is damaged, it can be triggered regardless of cracking, abrasion, or crushing.
- the microcapsules are evenly distributed throughout the structure, and all parts of the structure can be monitored in real time.
- the present invention selects the following materials in the preparation of self-reporting damage concrete:
- PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate
- CVL violet crystal lactone
- phenyl acetate silica sol
- HCL concentration 1mol/L
- cement model P.O42
- .5R cement
- fly ash medium sand
- crushed stone crushed stone
- superplasticizer Subbot PCA-1 superplasticizer
- a method for preparing self-reportable damage concrete includes the following steps:
- silica sol (the type of silica sol is HS-30) as an emulsion stabilizer into 16.8g of distilled water as the continuous phase, and combine the oil phase and the continuous phase in a vortex mixer, and vortex for 2 minutes , Get a pre-emulsion.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将PMMA溶解在氯仿中;将CVL溶解在乙酸苯酯中;然后放入漩涡混合器中进行涡旋混合,得到油相;将硅溶胶加入蒸馏水中作为连续相,然后将连续相与油相进行涡旋混合,得到预乳液;向预乳液中加1M HCl溶液,将预乳液的pH调节至8.0;然后在冰浴冷却下使用超声波浴成水包油乳液;将得到的乳液在40℃的预热油浴中搅拌,以蒸发氯仿,得到悬浮液;所得悬浮液冷却至室温,并使用真空过滤得到微胶囊;向混凝土浆料中加入微胶囊分散系并搅拌,即可浇筑得到可自我报告损伤的混凝土。该方法将可视化传感与混凝土损伤监测相结合,变色即出现裂缝,直观明了,而且灵敏度高,可减小施工难度。
Description
本发明涉及混凝土结构健康监测领域,具体地说是涉及一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法。
随着建筑行业的不断发展,大量的工程建设在各地开展,但往往由于设计和施工质量上的种种缺陷,导致建筑物或构筑物在试用期间产生应变,如果应变开展过大,就会影响结构的安全性和耐久性。因此,对结构进行健康监测就显得尤为重要。
目前,对建筑物结构健康监测主要是进行应变监测,依靠应变传感器,如分布式光纤传感器。而传统的分布式光纤传感器,由于光纤本身存在种种缺点,导致光纤传感器也存在着成本高、误差大、施工难度大、监测部位有限等等缺点。而且由于其成本高,局限性大的缺点,因此无法广泛应用于建筑的结构健康监测。下面进行较为详细的说明:
现有的分布式光纤传感器埋入混凝土内部结构通常有三种方式:普通埋设、补埋、粘贴埋设。普通埋设即利用钢筋将光纤固定,最后浇注混凝土,完工后利用光纤光栅传感器进行监测。补埋式即在指定检测部位进行开槽,然后回填混凝土。粘贴埋设是采用粘贴材料把光纤光栅传感器贴在混凝土表面进行检测,将混凝土表面切割出一条沟槽,将分布式光纤布设在沟槽中,用环氧树脂封装。
分布式光纤传感器的工作原理大致如下:将光纤传感器嵌入待测的混凝土结构中,当混凝土结构受力产生应变时光纤结构也会伴随着产生相应的应变,通过检测光纤的应变就可以得到被检测混凝土构件的应变信息。混凝土结构应变过大时会产生裂缝,由于光纤应变跟随被检测混凝土变化,所以光纤在裂缝处的理论应变值会产生一个峰值,分布式光纤传感器就是这样来检测裂缝。
现有分布式光纤传感器存在以下几方面技术缺点:
(1)分布式光纤在混凝土裂缝产生时会与混凝土产生相对滑移导致测量结果不准确;
(2)在施工时需要在混凝土表面挖设沟槽,破坏混凝土表面完整性的同时,也增加了施工难度;
(3)只有在光纤贯穿裂缝时才能检测到裂缝,若裂缝与光纤没有相交,则无法检测;
(4)光纤传感器只能检测裂缝,无法检测混凝土的擦伤、压伤等损伤。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种微胶囊分散系或者说一种胶囊型可视化应变传感器,该微胶囊传感器应用于混凝土结构的结构健康监测,具有可以进行实时原位监测,效果直观明显,灵敏度高等优点,以解决现有应变传感器工艺复杂、无法实时原位检测、精度差、检测位置局限性大等问题。
该微胶囊分散系采用以下方法制备而成:
(1)将500mg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)溶解在5g氯仿中,得到溶液一;
(2)在另一容器中,将100mg结晶紫内酯(CVL)溶解在1g乙酸苯酯中,得到溶液二;
(3)将溶液一和溶液二一并放入漩涡混合器中进行涡旋混合,得到油相;
(4)将3.2g型号为HS-30的硅溶胶作为乳液稳定剂加入到16.8g蒸馏水中作为连续相,然后将连续相加入漩涡混合器中与油相进行涡旋混合2分钟,得到预乳液;
(5)向预乳液中加入1M
HCl溶液,将预乳液的pH值调节至8.0;
(6)将调节pH值后的预乳液在冰浴冷却下使用超声波浴成水包油乳液,超声波的振幅为30%至50%,按30秒脉冲,10秒暂停的时序,连续进行3分钟;
(7)将得到的乳液在40℃的预热油浴中搅拌(搅拌速度为1000rpm,搅拌时间为16小时),以蒸发氯仿,得到悬浮液;
(8)将所得悬浮液冷却至室温,并使用真空过滤得到微胶囊,用水和乙醇洗涤微胶囊数次,即得到微胶囊分散系。
该微胶囊分散系可应用于混凝土结构中,以实现混凝土结构的可自我报告损伤功能。
本发明的目的之二在于提出一种可自报告损伤的混凝土,该混凝土是由常规原料水泥、粉煤灰、中砂、碎石、水与可视化应变传感器即微胶囊分散系混合制成,其中常规原料水泥∶粉煤灰∶中砂∶碎石∶水=1∶0.4∶2.29∶2.29∶0.47,以质量配比计;另外,水泥与微胶囊分散系的质量配比为1: 0.1,水泥与减水剂的质量配比为1:
0.024。以上配比可以根据实际工况或需要的混凝土强度进行调整。
本发明的目的之三在于提出一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,该方法所制备的混凝土将可视化传感与混凝土损伤监测相结合,具有可以进行实时原位监测,效果直观明显,灵敏度高等优点。
本发明所采用的技术解决方案是:
一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在氯仿中,得到溶液一;
(2)将结晶紫内酯溶解在乙酸苯酯中,得到溶液二;
(3)将溶液一和溶液二一并放入漩涡混合器中进行涡旋混合,得到油相;
(4)将型号为HS-30的硅溶胶作为乳液稳定剂加入到蒸馏水中作为连续相,然后将连续相加入漩涡混合器中与油相进行涡旋混合,得到预乳液;
(5)向预乳液中加入1M
HCl溶液,将预乳液的pH值调节至8.0;
(6)将调节pH值后的预乳液在冰浴冷却下使用超声波浴成水包油乳液;
(7)将得到的乳液在40℃的预热油浴中搅拌,以蒸发氯仿,得到悬浮液;
(8)将所得悬浮液冷却至室温,并使用真空过滤得到微胶囊,用水和乙醇洗涤微胶囊数次,即得到微胶囊分散系;
(9)将水泥、粉煤灰、中砂、碎石和水混合,并搅拌1-2分钟,得到浆料;
(10)向浆料中加入微胶囊分散系并搅拌1-2分钟;
(11)然后向浆料中加入减水剂并搅拌2-3分钟,即可浇筑;
(12)养护拆模后,在混凝土表面再覆涂一层微胶囊分散系,即得到可自我报告损伤的混凝土。
优选的,步骤(1)中:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与氯仿的质量比为1∶10。
优选的,步骤(2)中:结晶紫内酯与乙酸苯酯的质量比为1∶10。
优选的,步骤(4)中:硅溶胶与蒸馏水的质量比为1∶5-6;连续相与油相的涡旋混合时间为2分钟。
优选的,步骤(6)中:超声波的振幅为30%至50%,按30秒脉冲,10秒暂停的时序,连续进行3分钟。
优选的,步骤(7)中:搅拌速度为1000rpm,搅拌时间为16小时。
优选的,步骤(10)中:以水泥∶微胶囊分散系=1∶0.1-0.3的质量比,向浆料中添加微胶囊分散系。
(1)传统的分布式光纤传感器在混凝土裂缝产生时会与混凝土产生相对滑移导致结果不准确,而微胶囊灵敏度高,即掺杂于混凝土中又直接覆盖于混凝土表面,裂缝产生时不会产生滑移与错动;
(2)传统的分布式光纤传感器在施工时需要在混凝土表面挖设沟槽,破坏混凝土表面完整性的同时,也增加了施工难度;本方法施工简单且微胶囊部分可以预制,不需要损伤原结构;
(3)传统的分布式光纤传感器只有在光纤贯穿裂缝时才能检测到裂缝,若裂缝与光纤没有相交,则无法检测;而微胶囊传感器,监测范围大,只要有微胶囊分布的部位都能进行应变监测。
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明:
图1为本发明所制备的可自报告损伤的混凝土的结构原理示意图;
图2为本发明混凝土出现裂缝后的原理示意图。
图中:11为混凝土表面的微胶囊层,12为混凝土结构层,21为混凝土结构的裂缝,22为混凝土表面微胶囊层中被激活的微胶囊,23为混凝土表面微胶囊层中未被激活的微胶囊,24为混凝土结构层中被激活的微胶囊。
图中比例只是为方便理解,实际微胶囊尺寸为纳米级,在结构各处均匀分布,被激活前无色,激活后显蓝色。
本发明所涉及到的原理性内容介绍如下:
本发明中先将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)溶于氯仿使其成为液态,PMMA的用量决定微胶囊的外壳厚度;将结晶紫内酯(CVL)作为微胶囊的芯材,CVL为固体粉末,溶解在乙酸苯酯中成为液态,结晶紫内酯的用量不宜过多,否则可能导致包覆不完全。本发明中添加的HS-30型号硅溶胶作为乳化剂,帮助形成乳液;通过加入1M HCl溶液调pH值,帮助微胶囊成型。
本发明中制备微胶囊的方法为溶剂蒸发法,从制备方法的步骤(6)开始已经形成了水包油乳液(O/W型乳液),在乳液液滴中含有芯材(CVL),囊壁材料(PMMA)以及挥发性溶剂(氯仿),在步骤(7)中的油浴加热时,氯仿从乳液液滴中逐渐被除去,液滴中的PMMA由于氯仿的挥发而发生相分离(PMMA为固态,溶解于氯仿称为液态),然后迁移到CVL油滴的表面,并在表面富集;当氯仿被完全蒸发,即得到以CVL为核心,PMMA为外壳的油核/聚合物壳的微胶囊。
本发明中采用的CVL为隐色染料,平时无色,二氧化硅为其显色剂。在微胶囊破裂后,芯材CVL外流,接触到微胶囊外壳上的二氧化硅则显蓝色。因此,只要微胶囊破裂的区域,都会显蓝色。而二氧化硅来自步骤(4)中添加的硅溶胶,在微胶囊包覆完成后,留在微胶囊外壳表面。
本发明制备步骤(6)中采用的冰浴条件主要目的是降温,防止氯仿提前挥发。
还需要澄清一点,本发明在将微胶囊分散系与水泥等混合制备混凝土的过程中,仅需要轻微搅拌(搅拌转速一般为1000rpm左右,与微胶囊分散系制备过程中的搅拌速度差别不大)均匀即可自密实获得混凝土,并不需要振捣,因此在此制备过程中微胶囊分散系不会破裂。
本发明不但在混凝土中掺杂有微胶囊分散系,还在混凝土表面再覆涂一层微胶囊分散系,这主要是因为混凝土结构的裂缝大多从表面开展,因此最后在表面再进行覆涂是加强对表面的监测(防止混凝土在凝结硬化过程中微胶囊在混凝土表层部分分布不均匀),而具体涂覆方法是只须轻轻刷涂即可。
结合附图,本发明提出一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,该方法将可视化传感与混凝土损伤监测相结合,变色即出现裂缝,直观明了(特别在监测不允许出现裂缝的结构时更加方便);并且减小施工难度,光纤传感器需要在混凝土表面进行挖槽施工,而本发明中介绍的基于微胶囊技术的自报告损伤混凝土制备简单,可在浇筑前完成,部分步骤可以预制;灵敏度高,只要混凝土出现损伤,无论开裂或擦伤、压伤均可触发,微胶囊均匀分布在结构各处,结构各部位均可实现实时原位监测。
本发明在制备可自报告损伤的混凝土中选用以下材料:
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),氯仿,紫结晶内脂(CVL),乙酸苯酯,硅溶胶(型号为HS-30),HCL(浓度为1mol/L),水泥(型号为P.O42.5R),粉煤灰,中砂,碎石(粒径为10-20mm),高效减水剂(苏博特PCA-1高效减水剂)。
一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将500mg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)溶解在5g氯仿中,得到溶液一。
(2)在另一容器中将100mg结晶紫内酯(CVL)溶解在1g乙酸苯酯中,得到溶液二。
(3)将溶液一和溶液二在容器中混合在一起作为油相。
(4)将3.2g硅溶胶(硅溶胶型号为HS-30)作为乳液稳定剂加入到16.8g蒸馏水中作为连续相,并在漩涡混合器中将油相和连续相合并,涡旋混合2分钟,得到预乳液。
(5)通过向预乳液中加入1M HCl溶液,将预乳液的pH值调节至8.0。
(6)在冰浴冷却下使用超声波浴成水包油乳液(超声条件:30%至50%振幅;30秒脉冲,10秒暂停;连续进行3分钟)。
(7)将得到的乳液在40℃的预热油浴中快速转移(将乳液从超声波清洗仪转移到搅拌设备中),并以1000rpm转速搅拌16小时以蒸发氯仿,得到悬浮液。
(8)将所得悬浮液冷却至室温,并使用真空过滤微胶囊。用水和乙醇洗涤微胶囊数次即得到微胶囊分散系。
(9)以水泥∶粉煤灰∶中砂∶碎石∶水=1∶0.4∶2.29∶2.29∶0.47的质量配合比将上述原料混合搅拌1-2分钟,得到浆料。
(10)按照水泥∶微胶囊=1∶0.1的质量比向浆料中加入微胶囊分散系并搅拌1-2分钟。
(11)再按照水泥∶减水剂=1∶0.024的质量比加入高效减水剂并搅拌2-3分钟即可浇筑。
(12)养护拆模后,在混凝土表面再覆涂一层微胶囊分散系,即得到可自我报告损伤的混凝土。
上述方式中未述及的部分采取或借鉴已有技术即可实现。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (7)
- 一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:(1)将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶解在氯仿中,得到溶液一;(2)将结晶紫内酯溶解在乙酸苯酯中,得到溶液二;(3)将溶液一和溶液二一并放入漩涡混合器中进行涡旋混合,得到油相;(4)将型号为HS-30的硅溶胶作为乳液稳定剂加入到蒸馏水中作为连续相,然后将连续相加入漩涡混合器中与油相进行涡旋混合,得到预乳液;(5)向预乳液中加入1M HCl溶液,将预乳液的pH值调节至8.0;(6)将调节pH值后的预乳液在冰浴冷却下使用超声波浴成水包油乳液;(7)将得到的乳液在40℃的预热油浴中搅拌,以蒸发氯仿,得到悬浮液;(8)将所得悬浮液冷却至室温,并使用真空过滤得到微胶囊,用水和乙醇洗涤微胶囊数次,即得到微胶囊分散系;(9)将水泥、粉煤灰、中砂、碎石和水混合,并搅拌1-2分钟,得到浆料;(10)向浆料中加入微胶囊分散系并搅拌1-2分钟;(11)然后向浆料中加入减水剂并搅拌2-3分钟,即可浇筑;(12)养护拆模后,在混凝土表面再覆涂一层微胶囊分散系,即得到可自我报告损伤的混凝土。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与氯仿的质量比为1∶10。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中:结晶紫内酯与乙酸苯酯的质量比为1∶10。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中:硅溶胶与蒸馏水的质量比为1∶5-6;连续相与油相的涡旋混合时间为2分钟。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中:超声波的振幅为30%至50%,按30秒脉冲,10秒暂停的时序,连续进行3分钟。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(7)中:搅拌速度为1000rpm,搅拌时间为16小时。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种可自报告损伤的混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(10)中:以水泥∶微胶囊分散系=1∶0.1-0.3的质量比,向浆料中添加微胶囊分散系。
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