WO2020196018A1 - Hydraulic power generation apparatus - Google Patents

Hydraulic power generation apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020196018A1
WO2020196018A1 PCT/JP2020/011429 JP2020011429W WO2020196018A1 WO 2020196018 A1 WO2020196018 A1 WO 2020196018A1 JP 2020011429 W JP2020011429 W JP 2020011429W WO 2020196018 A1 WO2020196018 A1 WO 2020196018A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
water collecting
collecting plate
impeller
guide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/011429
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
浩氣 向井
文彦 松浦
Original Assignee
Ntn株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2019057602A external-priority patent/JP7514061B2/en
Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Priority to KR1020217033414A priority Critical patent/KR20210140745A/en
Priority to CN202080024231.XA priority patent/CN113646525B/en
Publication of WO2020196018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020196018A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B7/00—Water wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation device installed in aqueducts such as agricultural canals, water and sewage systems, industrial canals, and small rivers.
  • a hydroelectric power generation device is a system that uses the kinetic energy of running water for power generation.
  • these hydroelectric power generation devices small ones are installed and used in waterways such as agricultural water (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • the hydroelectric power generation device of Patent Document 1 is provided with a frame member on the upstream side of the turbine, and has a wall portion above the opening on the upstream side of the frame member to concentrate the water flow and generate sufficient power even if the water flow is weak. Can be done. Further, the water flow can be more concentrated by narrowing the opening area from the upstream opening to the downstream opening of the frame member located on the upstream side of the turbine.
  • Patent Document 2 makes it possible to efficiently generate electricity with a relatively small water flow by increasing the flow velocity by a water flow speed increasing portion provided at the opening on the water entry side. Similar to Patent Document 1, the flow rate is increased by gradually narrowing the casing from the water inlet side opening to the front of the power generation unit by the water turbine.
  • the rotating area of the propeller blades is set to be equal to or less than the area of the opening on the downstream side of the frame member, so that the water flow is efficiently received and the power generation efficiency is increased.
  • the opening on the downstream side of the frame member is larger than the rotating area of the propeller blades, and the frame member tends to be enlarged. As the frame member becomes larger, the force received by the frame member from the water flow increases, and the installation cost of the frame member increases. In addition, if there is not enough water in the waterway, the power generation efficiency cannot be sufficiently increased.
  • the present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation device that can be easily transported, assembled, and installed regardless of the size of a water channel.
  • the hydraulic power generator of the present invention has an impeller that converts hydraulic power into rotational force, a generator that generates water by the rotation of the impeller, and is installed on the upstream side of the impeller to collect water in a water channel in the impeller.
  • a hydraulic power generation device including a water collecting device for collecting water, wherein the water collecting device has a water collecting plate unit that accelerates water in the water channel and guides the water to the impeller, and a water collecting plate unit. It has a water collecting plate guide that is arranged on the upstream side of the water channel by a predetermined distance with respect to the vehicle, and the water collecting plate unit is formed into a plurality of water collecting plates on a plane formed in the water flow direction and the vertical direction. It is divided, and the divided water collecting plate is inserted into the water channel along the water collecting plate guide.
  • the water collecting plate unit is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates by a plane formed by the direction of flowing water and the vertical direction.
  • the water collecting plate guide may be installed so that the water collecting plate is inclined in the water flow direction with respect to the vertical direction.
  • the catchment plate is angled from the vertical direction to the direction of running water. As a result, a force is applied in the direction of pressing the water collecting plate against the bottom of the water channel by the water flow, and the installation of the water collecting plate is stabilized.
  • a tubular guide hole may be provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide on the downstream side in the water flow direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the hydroelectric power generation device is installed in a water channel having a wider width than in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • this hydroelectric power generation device 1 is installed in a water channel 2 and generates power by rotating an impeller due to a water flow.
  • the waterway 2 is an agricultural waterway, an industrial waterway, a small river, or the like.
  • the waterway wall is composed of a bottom wall 2a made of concrete or the like and side walls 2b and 2b on both sides.
  • the hydroelectric power generation device 1 has a hydroelectric power generation module 4 and a fixing component 6 for fixing the hydroelectric power generation module 4 to a water channel 2.
  • the hydroelectric power generation module 4 has an impeller 8 shown in FIG. 2 and a generator 10 that generates electricity by rotating the impeller 8. That is, the impeller 8 and the generator 10 are fixed to the water channel 2 via the fixing component 6.
  • the generator 10 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous type.
  • the generator 10 is housed in a case 11, and the case 11 is fixed to a fixing component 6.
  • the impeller 8 is usually provided in a state of being submerged in the running water of the water channel 2, and converts hydraulic power into rotational force.
  • the impeller 8 is a propeller type in which the rotation axis O1 is parallel to the water flow direction of the water channel 2.
  • the impeller 8 has a plurality of blades 8a (five in the illustrated example) that are arranged in the circumferential direction and extend radially around the rotation axis O1. As for the direction of the impeller 8, the front surface is directed to the upper side of the water flow, and the gear box 12 (FIG. 7) is attached to the back surface.
  • the rotating shaft of the impeller 8 (not shown) is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) in the gearbox 12.
  • the rotation of the impeller 8 is accelerated by a gear train (not shown) such as a bevel gear in the gear box 12.
  • the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the input shaft (not shown) of the generator 10 via a transmission shaft (not shown) in the support column 14 extending in the vertical direction.
  • the fixing component 6 has a pair of fixtures 16 and 16, a pair of horizontal support members 18 and 18, and a generator stand 20.
  • a pair of fixtures 16 and 16 are fixed from the vicinity of the upper end of the side wall 2b of the water channel 2 to the upper end.
  • the pair of fixtures 16 and 16 are provided so as to face each other in the width direction of the water channel 2.
  • Each fixture 16 has, for example, an angle having an L-shaped cross section.
  • the fixture 16 is not limited to this.
  • the fixing of the fixture 16 to the side wall 2b of the water channel 2 is, for example, bolting.
  • the horizontal support members 18 are rod-shaped members supported by a pair of fixtures 16 and 16, and are provided in pairs side by side in the front-rear direction, which is the water flow direction A1. That is, each horizontal support member 18 is hung between the upper ends of both side walls 2b of the water channel 2 by a pair of fixtures 9 and 9.
  • the upstream side of the water flow direction A1 is the front side
  • the downstream side of the water flow direction A1 is the rear side.
  • the horizontal support member 18 of this embodiment is a square pipe having a quadrangular cross-sectional shape. However, the horizontal support member 18 is not limited to the square pipe.
  • the fixing of the horizontal support member 18 to the fixture 16 is, for example, bolting.
  • the generator stand 20 is fixed near the middle of each horizontal support member 18 in the longitudinal direction (width direction of the water channel 2).
  • the generator 10 is supported by the generator stand 20. That is, the generator 10 is supported by the horizontal support members 18 and 18 at the front portion and the rear portion thereof.
  • the generator base 20 is bolted to the horizontal support member 18, and the generator 10 is detachably attached to the generator base 20 by bolts (not shown).
  • the mounting method of the generator 10 and the generator stand 20 is not limited to this.
  • the hydroelectric power generation device 1 includes a water collecting device 22 installed on the upstream side of the impeller 8.
  • the water collecting device 22 collects the water flowing through the water channel 2 into the impeller 8.
  • the water collecting device 22 includes a water collecting plate unit 23 having a plurality of water collecting plates 24 for accelerating the water in the water channel 2 and guiding the water to the impeller 8, and a water collecting plate for installing the water collecting plate unit 23 in the water channel 2. It has a guide 26.
  • the water collecting plate unit 23 is divided by a plane P formed in the water flow direction A1 and the vertical direction, and each of the divided water collecting plates 24 is inserted into the water channel 2 along the water collecting plate guide 26. ing.
  • the water collecting plate 24 is, for example, a rectangular plate member made of steel, resin, wood, concrete, or the like. Each water collecting plate 24 is a common member having the same width dimension and height dimension. However, the dimensions of each water collecting plate 24 may be different. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, two water collecting plates 24 are arranged in the width direction of the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b of the water channel 2. That is, a total of four water collecting plates 24 are provided.
  • a water passage 25 is formed between the two inner water collecting plates 24 and 24.
  • the water collecting plates 24 and 24 are installed so that the water passing through the water passage 25 between the water collecting plates 24 and 24 passes around the impeller 8. That is, the water collecting plate 24 blocks the water channel 2 and collects the water in the water channel 2 in the water channel 25. In this way, the water collecting plate 24 narrows the cross section of the flowing water flow path to the area of the water passage 25, so that the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the water passage 25 is set to a size that allows the entire impeller 8 to be visually recognized when viewed from the front, that is, from the upstream side of the water flow direction A1.
  • the width direction dimension of the water passage 25 is substantially the same as the width direction dimension of the impeller 8
  • the height direction dimension of the water passage 25 is substantially the same as the height of the water channel 2.
  • the water collecting plate guide 26 is arranged on the upstream side of the water channel 2 with respect to the impeller 8.
  • the water collecting plate guide 26 of this embodiment has a plurality of guide members 28 extending in a substantially vertical direction, and each guide member 28 is supported by a horizontal support member 18 on the front side (upstream side).
  • the guide member 28 is made of sheet metal, for example, and in this embodiment, it is detachably attached to the horizontal support member 18 by bolt connection.
  • the material and support structure of the guide member 28 are not limited to this.
  • the guide member 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction. Specifically, the water collecting plate 24 extends inclined to the downstream side of the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ (FIG. 7) is 5 to 60 degrees, preferably 10 to 45 degrees, more preferably 10 to 30 degrees from the vertical direction, and is about 15 degrees in the illustrated example.
  • An opening 27 is formed in the upper part of each water collecting plate 24. The opening 27 guides a part of the water to the downstream side of the water collecting plate 24 when the amount of water is large.
  • each water collecting plate 24 is provided with one rectangular opening 27. However, the number and shape of the openings 27 are not limited to this. Further, the opening 27 may not be provided.
  • a pair of guide members 28 are installed on both side portions of each water collecting plate 24 to guide the water collecting plate 24 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. That is, the pair of guide members 28, 28 form a water collecting plate storage space 28a in which one water collecting plate 24 is installed.
  • the guide member 28 between the adjacent water collecting plates 24, 24 guides one side portion of the two water collecting plates 24, 24 with one guide member 28.
  • three guide members 28 are arranged at equal intervals inside the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b in the width direction, and 2 in two water collecting plate storage spaces 28a formed by the three guide members 28. A water collecting plate 24 is inserted.
  • each of the water collecting plates 24 is guided so that its both side edges can be moved up and down by the guide members 28, 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26.
  • the water collecting plate 24 is housed in the water collecting plate storage space 28a between the guide members 28, 28, and the guide members 28, 28 restrict the movement of the water collecting plate 24 in the width direction.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example in which the water collecting device 22 of this embodiment is applied to a water channel 2 having a water channel width W wider than that of the water channels 2 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • three water collecting plates 24 are arranged in the width direction of the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b of the water channel 2. That is, a total of 6 water collecting plates 24 are provided.
  • four guide members 28 are arranged at equal intervals inside the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b in the width direction, and three in the three water collecting plate storage spaces 28a formed by the four guide members 28. A water collecting plate 24 is inserted.
  • one water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2 from above using a crane or the like. Specifically, the water collecting plate 24 is inserted into the water collecting plate storage space 28a while guiding both side edges of the water collecting plate 24 to the guide members 28, 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26 from above. The other water collecting plates 24 are also installed in the water channel 2 in the same procedure.
  • the water collecting plates 24 can be installed one by one. Further, by installing the water collecting plate 24 having a small width along the water collecting plate guide 26, the water collecting plate 24 can be easily installed even when water is flowing.
  • the impeller 8 rotates when the water that has passed through the water passage 25 of the water collecting plate 24 is collected by the impeller 8.
  • the rotation of the impeller 8 causes the generator 10 to generate electricity.
  • the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage 25 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. Therefore, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the water collecting plate unit 23 is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates 24 by a plane P formed in the water flow direction A1 direction and the vertical direction. As a result, even when the water channel width W becomes large, it is not necessary to adjust the size of the water collecting plate 24 to the water channel width, and transportation, assembly, and installation can be easily performed.
  • the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction. As a result, the water collecting plate 24 is angled from the vertical direction to the direction of running water. Therefore, a force in the direction of pressing the water collecting plate 24 against the bottom of the water channel 2 is applied by the water flow, and the installation of the water collecting plate 24 is stabilized.
  • FIGS. 6 to 7 A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 7.
  • the same configurations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • a water passage hole 30 is formed in the water collecting plate 24.
  • the water collecting plate 24 blocks the water channel 2 and collects the running water of the water channel 2 in the water passage hole 30. That is, since the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage hole 30 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the water passage hole 30 of this embodiment is a through hole made of a round hole, and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the impeller 8 or larger than the diameter of the impeller 8. Further, the water passage hole 30 is formed at a position concentric with the rotation axis O1 of the impeller 8 in a state where the water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2. In other words, when the impeller 8 and the water collecting plate 24 are installed in the water channel 2, the water passage holes of the water collecting plate 24 are located at the same depth position and the same width direction position with respect to the impeller 8. 30 is located.
  • each water collecting plate 24 has an upper half plate 24a and a lower half plate 24b, and notches are formed in the lower edge of the upper half plate 24a and the upper edge of the lower half plate 24b. .. In the installed state of the water collecting plate 24, the water passage hole 30 is formed by these notches.
  • the lower half plate 24b is installed first, and then the upper half plate 24a is installed.
  • a guide hole 32 is provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide 26 on the downstream side of the water flow direction A1.
  • the guide hole 32 of this embodiment is formed by a cylindrical pipe 36.
  • the guide hole 32 is joined to the water collecting plate guide 26 by welding, for example.
  • the method of fixing the guide hole 32 is not limited to this.
  • the guide hole 32 is arranged between the water passage hole 30 and the impeller 8, and guides the water that has passed through the water passage hole 30 to the impeller 8.
  • the diameter of the guide hole 32 is set to be substantially the same as the diameter of the impeller 8 and the water passage hole 30. Further, the guide hole 32 is provided at a position concentric with the rotation axis O1 of the impeller 8 in a state where the water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2. In other words, in the state where the impeller 8 and the water collecting plate 24 are installed in the water channel 2, the guide hole 32 is located at the same depth position and the same width direction position with respect to the impeller 8.
  • a plurality of reinforcing members 34 are bridged between the fixing member 6 and the water collecting plate guide 26.
  • the reinforcing member 34 is, for example, a rod-shaped plate material, the upper end thereof is connected to the fixing member 6, and the lower end thereof is connected to the lower portion of the water collecting plate guide 26.
  • the connection between the reinforcing member 34 and the fixing member 6 and the connection between the reinforcing member 34 and the water collecting plate guide 26 are, for example, bolt connections.
  • the method of connecting the reinforcing member 34 is not limited to this.
  • the impeller 8 rotates when the water that has passed through the water passage hole 30 of the water collecting plate 24 is collected by the impeller 8.
  • the rotation of the impeller 8 causes the generator 10 to generate electricity.
  • the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage hole 30 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. Therefore, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the water collecting plate 24 can be easily installed in the water channel 2 as in the first embodiment. Further, according to the second embodiment, the guide hole 34 is provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide 26. As a result, even when the water collecting plate 24 and the impeller 8 are separated from each other, the speed of water passing between the water collecting plates 24 is maintained by the guide hole 34. Therefore, the impeller 8 can be rotated by utilizing the increased speed of the water flow.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various additions, changes, or deletions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
  • the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction with respect to the vertical direction, but the water collecting plate 24 extends in the vertical direction.
  • a water collecting plate guide 26 may be installed.
  • the diameter of the water passage hole 30 may be smaller than the diameter of the impeller 8. Therefore, such things are also included in the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A hydraulic power generation apparatus (1) is provided with: an impeller (8) which converts hydraulic power into rotary force; a power generator (10) which generates electric power by rotation of the impeller (8); and a water collecting device (22) which is installed on the upstream side of the impeller (8) and which collects water of a water channel (2) toward the impeller (8). The water collecting device (22) includes: a water collecting plate unit (23) which increases the speed of the water of the water channel (2) and guides the water to the impeller (8); and water collecting plate guides (26) for providing the water collecting plate unit (23) to the upstream side, by a predetermined distance, of the water channel (2) with respect to the impeller (8). The water collecting plate unit (23) is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates (24) in a plane (P) formed by the water flow direction (A1) and the vertical direction, and the divided water collecting plates (24) are respectively inserted into the water channel (2) along the water collecting plate guides (26).

Description

水力発電装置Hydroelectric power generator 関連出願Related application
　この出願は、２０１９年３月２６日出願の特願２０１９－０５７６０２の優先権を主張するものであり、その全体を参照により本願の一部をなすものとして引用する。 This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-057602 filed on March 26, 2019, and is cited in its entirety as a part of the present application by reference.
　この発明は、農業用水路、上下水道、工業用水路、小河川等の水路に設置される水力発電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation device installed in aqueducts such as agricultural canals, water and sewage systems, industrial canals, and small rivers.
　水力発電装置は、流水が持つ運動エネルギーを、発電に利用するシステムである。この水力発電装置の中で小型のものは、農業用水等の水路に設置して利用されている（例えば、特許文献１，２）。特許文献１の水力発電装置は、水車より上流側に枠部材を備え、枠部材の上流側の開口部の上方に壁部を有することで水流を集中させ、弱い水流であっても十分な発電を行える。さらには、水車より上流側に位置する枠部材の上流側開口部から下流側開口部まで開口面積を狭めることでより水流を集中させることができる。 A hydroelectric power generation device is a system that uses the kinetic energy of running water for power generation. Among these hydroelectric power generation devices, small ones are installed and used in waterways such as agricultural water (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The hydroelectric power generation device of Patent Document 1 is provided with a frame member on the upstream side of the turbine, and has a wall portion above the opening on the upstream side of the frame member to concentrate the water flow and generate sufficient power even if the water flow is weak. Can be done. Further, the water flow can be more concentrated by narrowing the opening area from the upstream opening to the downstream opening of the frame member located on the upstream side of the turbine.
　特許文献２は、入水側開口部に設けた水流増速部により流速を増大させることで、比較的小さな水流で効率的に発電可能としている。特許文献１と同様に、入水側開口部から水車による発電部手前までのケーシングを徐々に狭めることで流量を増加させている。 Patent Document 2 makes it possible to efficiently generate electricity with a relatively small water flow by increasing the flow velocity by a water flow speed increasing portion provided at the opening on the water entry side. Similar to Patent Document 1, the flow rate is increased by gradually narrowing the casing from the water inlet side opening to the front of the power generation unit by the water turbine.
特開２０１４－１５２６４５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-152645 特許第４０２２２４４号公報Japanese Patent No. 4022244
　特許文献１は、プロペラの羽根の回転面積を枠部材の下流側開口部の面積以下とすることで、水流を効率的に受けて発電効率を上げている。枠部材の下流側開口部はプロペラの羽根の回転面積より大きく、枠部材が大形化しやすい。枠部材が大形化することで、枠部材が水流から受ける力は大きくなり、枠部材の設置コストが高くなる。また、水路内に十分な水量がない場合、発電効率を十分に高めることができない。 In Patent Document 1, the rotating area of the propeller blades is set to be equal to or less than the area of the opening on the downstream side of the frame member, so that the water flow is efficiently received and the power generation efficiency is increased. The opening on the downstream side of the frame member is larger than the rotating area of the propeller blades, and the frame member tends to be enlarged. As the frame member becomes larger, the force received by the frame member from the water flow increases, and the installation cost of the frame member increases. In addition, if there is not enough water in the waterway, the power generation efficiency cannot be sufficiently increased.
　特許文献２は、流速の最も速い箇所（＝水路中央）の流速を利用するために２台の水車が必要であり、装置が大形化しやすく、装置のコストが大きくなる。装置が大形化すると、狭い流路などへの利用が困難となる。 Patent Document 2 requires two water turbines in order to utilize the flow velocity at the place where the flow velocity is the fastest (= the center of the water channel), and the device tends to be enlarged and the cost of the device increases. When the device becomes large, it becomes difficult to use it for a narrow flow path or the like.
　この発明は、上記課題を解消するものであり、その目的は、水路の大きさに関わらず、容易に運搬、組立、設置を行うことができる水力発電装置を提供することである。 The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation device that can be easily transported, assembled, and installed regardless of the size of a water channel.
　この発明の水力発電装置は、水力を回転力に変換する翼車と、この翼車の回転により発電する発電機と、前記翼車の上流側に設置されて前記翼車に水路の水を集水する集水装置とを備えた水力発電装置であって、前記集水装置は、前記水路の水を増速して前記翼車に案内する集水板ユニットと、前記集水板ユニットを翼車に対して水路の所定距離だけ上流側に配置する集水板ガイドとを有し、前記集水板ユニットは、水の流れ方向と鉛直方向とで形成される平面で複数の集水板に分割され、この分割された集水板が前記集水板ガイドに沿って水路に挿入されている。 The hydraulic power generator of the present invention has an impeller that converts hydraulic power into rotational force, a generator that generates water by the rotation of the impeller, and is installed on the upstream side of the impeller to collect water in a water channel in the impeller. A hydraulic power generation device including a water collecting device for collecting water, wherein the water collecting device has a water collecting plate unit that accelerates water in the water channel and guides the water to the impeller, and a water collecting plate unit. It has a water collecting plate guide that is arranged on the upstream side of the water channel by a predetermined distance with respect to the vehicle, and the water collecting plate unit is formed into a plurality of water collecting plates on a plane formed in the water flow direction and the vertical direction. It is divided, and the divided water collecting plate is inserted into the water channel along the water collecting plate guide.
　この構成によると、集水板ユニットが、流水の向きと鉛直方向とで形成される平面で複数の集水板に分割されている。これにより、水路幅が大きくなった場合でも集水板の大きさを水路幅に合わせる必要がなく、運搬、組立、設置を容易に行うことができる。 According to this configuration, the water collecting plate unit is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates by a plane formed by the direction of flowing water and the vertical direction. As a result, even when the width of the water channel is increased, it is not necessary to adjust the size of the water collecting plate to the width of the water channel, and transportation, assembly, and installation can be easily performed.
　この発明において、前記集水板が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向に傾斜するように、前記集水板ガイドが設置されていてもよい。この構成によれば、集水板に鉛直方向から流水の向きに角度がつく。これにより、水流により集水板を水路の底に押し付ける向きの力が加わり、集水板の設置が安定する。 In the present invention, the water collecting plate guide may be installed so that the water collecting plate is inclined in the water flow direction with respect to the vertical direction. According to this configuration, the catchment plate is angled from the vertical direction to the direction of running water. As a result, a force is applied in the direction of pressing the water collecting plate against the bottom of the water channel by the water flow, and the installation of the water collecting plate is stabilized.
　この発明において、前記集水板ガイドにおける水の流れ方向の下流側である後面に、筒状の案内孔が設けられていてもよい。この構成によれば、集水板と翼車との距離が離れる場合でも、集水板の間を通る水の速度を維持して翼車の回転に効率的に利用できる。 In the present invention, a tubular guide hole may be provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide on the downstream side in the water flow direction. According to this configuration, even when the water collecting plate and the impeller are separated from each other, the speed of water passing between the water collecting plates can be maintained and the impeller can be efficiently used for rotation.
　請求の範囲および／または明細書および／または図面に開示された少なくとも２つの構成のどのような組合せも、この発明に含まれる。特に、請求の範囲の各請求項の２つ以上のどのような組合せも、この発明に含まれる。 Any combination of claims and / or at least two configurations disclosed in the specification and / or drawings is included in the invention. In particular, any combination of two or more of each claim is included in the invention.
　本発明は、添付の図面を参考にした以下の好適な実施形態の説明からより明瞭に理解されるであろう。しかしながら、実施形態および図面は単なる図示および説明のためのものであり、本発明の範囲を定めるために利用されるべきでない。本発明の範囲は添付のクレーム（請求の範囲）によって定まる。添付図面において、複数の図面における同一の部品番号は、同一部分を示す。
この発明の第１の実施形態に係る水力発電装置を水路に設置した状態を示す斜視図である。 図１の水力発電装置を示す正面図である。 同水力発電装置を図１によりも幅の大きな水路に設置した状態を示す斜視図である。 図３の水力発電装置を示す正面図である。 同水力発電装置の集水板ガイドに集水板を設置する状況を示す正面図である。 同集水板ガイドに集水板を設置する状況を示す正面図である。 同集水板ガイドに集水板を設置する状況を示す正面図である。 この発明の第２の実施形態に係る水力発電装置を水路に設置した状態を示す正面図である。 同水力発電装置を示す縦断面図である。 The present invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, embodiments and drawings are for illustration and illustration purposes only and should not be used to define the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the accompanying claims (claims). In the attached drawings, the same part number in a plurality of drawings indicates the same part.
It is a perspective view which shows the state which installed the hydroelectric power generation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in a water channel. It is a front view which shows the hydroelectric power generation apparatus of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the hydroelectric power generation device is installed in a water channel having a wider width than in FIG. It is a front view which shows the hydroelectric power generation apparatus of FIG. It is a front view which shows the situation which the water collecting plate is installed in the water collecting plate guide of the hydroelectric power generation apparatus. It is a front view which shows the situation which the water collecting plate is installed in the water collecting plate guide. It is a front view which shows the situation which the water collecting plate is installed in the water collecting plate guide. It is a front view which shows the state which installed the hydroelectric power generation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention in a water channel. It is a vertical sectional view which shows the hydroelectric power generation apparatus.
　〔第１の実施形態〕
　この発明の第１の実施形態を図１ないし図５と共に説明する。
　＜水力発電装置全体の概略構成＞
　図１に示すように、この水力発電装置１は、水路２に設置され、水流による翼車の回転によって発電を行う。水路２は、農業用水路、工業用水路、小河川等であり、同図の例では水路壁がコンクリート等からなる底壁２ａおよび両側の側壁２ｂ，２ｂで構成されている。この水力発電装置１は、水力発電モジュール４と、この水力発電モジュール４を水路２に固定する固定部品６とを有している。 [First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
<Outline configuration of the entire hydroelectric power generator>
As shown in FIG. 1, this hydroelectric power generation device 1 is installed in a water channel 2 and generates power by rotating an impeller due to a water flow. The waterway 2 is an agricultural waterway, an industrial waterway, a small river, or the like. In the example of the figure, the waterway wall is composed of a bottom wall 2a made of concrete or the like and side walls 2b and 2b on both sides. The hydroelectric power generation device 1 has a hydroelectric power generation module 4 and a fixing component 6 for fixing the hydroelectric power generation module 4 to a water channel 2.
　＜水力発電モジュールについて＞
　水力発電モジュール４は、図２に示す翼車８と、翼車８の回転により発電する発電機１０とを有している。つまり、翼車８および発電機１０が固定部品６を介して水路２に固定されている。発電機１０は、例えば永久磁石同期型である。発電機１０は、ケース１１内に収納されており、このケース１１が固定部品６に固定されている。翼車８は、通常は水路２の流水中に没する状態に設けられ、水力を回転力に変換する。翼車８は、回転軸心Ｏ１が水路２の水の流れ方向と平行なプロペラ型である。翼車８は、回転軸心Ｏ１の周囲に周方向に並んで放射状に延びる複数（図示の例では５枚）の翼８ａを有している。翼車８の向きは、正面が水流の上手側に向けられ、ギヤボックス１２（図７）が背面に取り付けられている。 <About hydroelectric power generation module>
The hydroelectric power generation module 4 has an impeller 8 shown in FIG. 2 and a generator 10 that generates electricity by rotating the impeller 8. That is, the impeller 8 and the generator 10 are fixed to the water channel 2 via the fixing component 6. The generator 10 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous type. The generator 10 is housed in a case 11, and the case 11 is fixed to a fixing component 6. The impeller 8 is usually provided in a state of being submerged in the running water of the water channel 2, and converts hydraulic power into rotational force. The impeller 8 is a propeller type in which the rotation axis O1 is parallel to the water flow direction of the water channel 2. The impeller 8 has a plurality of blades 8a (five in the illustrated example) that are arranged in the circumferential direction and extend radially around the rotation axis O1. As for the direction of the impeller 8, the front surface is directed to the upper side of the water flow, and the gear box 12 (FIG. 7) is attached to the back surface.
　翼車８の回転軸（図示せず）は、ギヤボックス１２内の軸受（図示せず）により回転自在に支持されている。翼車８の回転は、ギヤボックス１２内の傘歯車等のギヤ列（図示せず）によって増速される。ギヤボックスの出力軸は、上下方向に延びる支柱１４内の伝達軸（図示せず）を介して発電機１０の入力軸（図示せず）に接続されている。 The rotating shaft of the impeller 8 (not shown) is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) in the gearbox 12. The rotation of the impeller 8 is accelerated by a gear train (not shown) such as a bevel gear in the gear box 12. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the input shaft (not shown) of the generator 10 via a transmission shaft (not shown) in the support column 14 extending in the vertical direction.
　＜固定部品について＞
　図１に示すように、固定部品６は、一対の固定具１６，１６と、一対の水平支持材１８，１８と、発電機台２０とを有する。水路２の側壁２ｂにおける上端付近から上端部に渡り、一対の固定具１６，１６が固定されている。一対の固定具１６，１６は、水路２の幅方向に互いに対向するように設けられている。各固定具１６は、例えば、断面Ｌ形のアングルである。ただし、固定具１６はこれに限定されない。固定具１６の水路２の側壁２ｂへの固定は、例えば、ボルト止めである。 <About fixed parts>
As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing component 6 has a pair of fixtures 16 and 16, a pair of horizontal support members 18 and 18, and a generator stand 20. A pair of fixtures 16 and 16 are fixed from the vicinity of the upper end of the side wall 2b of the water channel 2 to the upper end. The pair of fixtures 16 and 16 are provided so as to face each other in the width direction of the water channel 2. Each fixture 16 has, for example, an angle having an L-shaped cross section. However, the fixture 16 is not limited to this. The fixing of the fixture 16 to the side wall 2b of the water channel 2 is, for example, bolting.
　水平支持材１８は、一対の固定具１６，１６に支持される棒状部材であり、水の流れ方向Ａ１である前後方向に並んで一対設けられている。つまり、各水平支持材１８は、一対の固定具９，９により水路２の両側壁２ｂの上端間に掛け渡されている。ここで、水の流れ方向Ａ１の上流側を前側とし、水の流れ方向Ａ１の下流側を後側とする。この実施形態の水平支持材１８は、横断面形状が四角形の角パイプである。ただし、水平支持材１８は角パイプに限定されない。水平支持材１８の固定具１６への固定は、例えば、ボルト止めである。 The horizontal support members 18 are rod-shaped members supported by a pair of fixtures 16 and 16, and are provided in pairs side by side in the front-rear direction, which is the water flow direction A1. That is, each horizontal support member 18 is hung between the upper ends of both side walls 2b of the water channel 2 by a pair of fixtures 9 and 9. Here, the upstream side of the water flow direction A1 is the front side, and the downstream side of the water flow direction A1 is the rear side. The horizontal support member 18 of this embodiment is a square pipe having a quadrangular cross-sectional shape. However, the horizontal support member 18 is not limited to the square pipe. The fixing of the horizontal support member 18 to the fixture 16 is, for example, bolting.
　各水平支持材１８の長手方向（水路２の幅方向）の中間付近に発電機台２０が固定されている。この発電機台２０に、発電機１０が支持されている。つまり、発電機１０は、その前部と後部で各水平支持材１８，１８に支持されている。この実施形態では、発電機台２０は水平支持材１８にボルト連結され、発電機１０は発電機台２０にボルト（図示せず）により着脱自在に取り付けられている。ただし、発電機１０および発電機台２０の取り付け方法はこれに限定されない。 The generator stand 20 is fixed near the middle of each horizontal support member 18 in the longitudinal direction (width direction of the water channel 2). The generator 10 is supported by the generator stand 20. That is, the generator 10 is supported by the horizontal support members 18 and 18 at the front portion and the rear portion thereof. In this embodiment, the generator base 20 is bolted to the horizontal support member 18, and the generator 10 is detachably attached to the generator base 20 by bolts (not shown). However, the mounting method of the generator 10 and the generator stand 20 is not limited to this.
　＜集水装置について＞
　水力発電装置１は、翼車８の上流側に設置された集水装置２２を備えている。集水装置２２は、水路２を流れる水を翼車８に集水する。集水装置２２は、水路２の水を増速して翼車８に案内する複数の集水板２４を有する集水板ユニット２３と、集水板ユニット２３を水路２に設置する集水板ガイド２６とを有している。 <About the water collector>
The hydroelectric power generation device 1 includes a water collecting device 22 installed on the upstream side of the impeller 8. The water collecting device 22 collects the water flowing through the water channel 2 into the impeller 8. The water collecting device 22 includes a water collecting plate unit 23 having a plurality of water collecting plates 24 for accelerating the water in the water channel 2 and guiding the water to the impeller 8, and a water collecting plate for installing the water collecting plate unit 23 in the water channel 2. It has a guide 26.
　＜集水板について＞
　集水板ユニット２３は、水の流れ方向Ａ１と鉛直方向とで形成される平面Ｐで分割されており、分割された各集水板２４が集水板ガイド２６に沿って水路２に挿入されている。集水板２４は、例えば、鋼製、樹脂製、木製、コンクリート製等の矩形の板部材である。各集水板２４は、幅寸法および高さ寸法が同じ共通の部材である。ただし、各集水板２４の寸法が異なっていてもよい。この実施形態では、図２に示すように、水路２の各側壁２ｂ，２ｂから水路２の幅方向に２枚の集水板２４が配置されている。つまり、合計で４枚の集水板２４が設けられている。 <About the water collecting board>
The water collecting plate unit 23 is divided by a plane P formed in the water flow direction A1 and the vertical direction, and each of the divided water collecting plates 24 is inserted into the water channel 2 along the water collecting plate guide 26. ing. The water collecting plate 24 is, for example, a rectangular plate member made of steel, resin, wood, concrete, or the like. Each water collecting plate 24 is a common member having the same width dimension and height dimension. However, the dimensions of each water collecting plate 24 may be different. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, two water collecting plates 24 are arranged in the width direction of the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b of the water channel 2. That is, a total of four water collecting plates 24 are provided.
　内側の２枚の集水板２４，２４の間に、通水路２５が形成されている。集水板２４，２４の間の通水路２５を通る水が翼車８の周辺を通過するように、集水板２４，２４が設置されている。つまり、集水板２４は、水路２を遮断して水路２の水を通水路２５に集める。このように、集水板２４によって流水の流路断面が通水路２５の面積に狭められるので、翼車８を通過する水の流速が増加する。これにより、発電効率の向上を図ることができる。 A water passage 25 is formed between the two inner water collecting plates 24 and 24. The water collecting plates 24 and 24 are installed so that the water passing through the water passage 25 between the water collecting plates 24 and 24 passes around the impeller 8. That is, the water collecting plate 24 blocks the water channel 2 and collects the water in the water channel 2 in the water channel 25. In this way, the water collecting plate 24 narrows the cross section of the flowing water flow path to the area of the water passage 25, so that the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
　通水路２５は、正面視、つまり、水の流れ方向Ａ１の上流側から見て、翼車８の全体が視認できる大きさに設定されている。この実施形態では、通水路２５の幅方向寸法は翼車８の幅方向寸法とほぼ同じであり、通水路２５の高さ方向寸法は水路２の高さとほぼ同じである。 The water passage 25 is set to a size that allows the entire impeller 8 to be visually recognized when viewed from the front, that is, from the upstream side of the water flow direction A1. In this embodiment, the width direction dimension of the water passage 25 is substantially the same as the width direction dimension of the impeller 8, and the height direction dimension of the water passage 25 is substantially the same as the height of the water channel 2.
　＜集水板ガイドについて＞
　集水板ガイド２６は、翼車８に対して水路２の上流側に配置されている。この実施形態の集水板ガイド２６は、ほぼ鉛直方向に延びる複数のガイド部材２８を有し、各ガイド部材２８が前側（上流側）の水平支持材１８に支持されている。ガイド部材２８は、例えば、板金製であり、この実施形態では、ボルト連結により水平支持材１８に着脱自在に取り付けられている。ただし、ガイド部材２８の材質、支持構造はこれに限定されない。 <About the water collecting plate guide>
The water collecting plate guide 26 is arranged on the upstream side of the water channel 2 with respect to the impeller 8. The water collecting plate guide 26 of this embodiment has a plurality of guide members 28 extending in a substantially vertical direction, and each guide member 28 is supported by a horizontal support member 18 on the front side (upstream side). The guide member 28 is made of sheet metal, for example, and in this embodiment, it is detachably attached to the horizontal support member 18 by bolt connection. However, the material and support structure of the guide member 28 are not limited to this.
　この実施形態では、集水板２４が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向Ａ１に傾斜するように、集水板ガイド２６のガイド部材２８が設置されている。詳細には、集水板２４が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向Ａ１の下流側に傾斜して延びている。傾斜角度θ（図７）は、鉛直方向から５～６０度、好ましくは１０～４５度、さらに好ましくは１０～３０度であり、図示の例では、約１５度である。各集水板２４の上部に開口２７が形成されている。開口２７は、水量が多い場合に、水の一部を集水板２４の下流側に導く。この実施形態では、各集水板２４に矩形の開口２７が１つ設けられている。ただし、開口２７の数、形状はこれに限定されない。また、開口２７はなくてもよい。 In this embodiment, the guide member 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction. Specifically, the water collecting plate 24 extends inclined to the downstream side of the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction. The inclination angle θ (FIG. 7) is 5 to 60 degrees, preferably 10 to 45 degrees, more preferably 10 to 30 degrees from the vertical direction, and is about 15 degrees in the illustrated example. An opening 27 is formed in the upper part of each water collecting plate 24. The opening 27 guides a part of the water to the downstream side of the water collecting plate 24 when the amount of water is large. In this embodiment, each water collecting plate 24 is provided with one rectangular opening 27. However, the number and shape of the openings 27 are not limited to this. Further, the opening 27 may not be provided.
　ガイド部材２８は、各集水板２４の両側部に一対設置され、集水板２４を上下方向に移動可能に案内する。つまり、一対のガイド部材２８，２８で、１枚の集水板２４が設置される集水板収納空間２８ａが形成されている。この実施形態では、隣接する集水板２４，２４間のガイド部材２８は、１つのガイド部材２８で２つの集水板２４，２４の一側部を案内している。詳細には、各側壁２ｂ，２ｂから水路２の幅方向内側に等間隔に３枚のガイド部材２８が配置され、３枚のガイド部材２８で形成された２つの集水板収納空間２８ａに２枚の集水板２４が挿入されている。 A pair of guide members 28 are installed on both side portions of each water collecting plate 24 to guide the water collecting plate 24 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. That is, the pair of guide members 28, 28 form a water collecting plate storage space 28a in which one water collecting plate 24 is installed. In this embodiment, the guide member 28 between the adjacent water collecting plates 24, 24 guides one side portion of the two water collecting plates 24, 24 with one guide member 28. Specifically, three guide members 28 are arranged at equal intervals inside the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b in the width direction, and 2 in two water collecting plate storage spaces 28a formed by the three guide members 28. A water collecting plate 24 is inserted.
　各集水板２４は、前述のとおり、その両側縁部が集水板ガイド２６のガイド部材２８，２８により上下に移動可能に案内される。設置状態では、集水板２４は、ガイド部材２８，２８の間の集水板収納空間２８ａに収納され、ガイド部材２８，２８により集水板２４の幅方向への移動が規制される。 As described above, each of the water collecting plates 24 is guided so that its both side edges can be moved up and down by the guide members 28, 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26. In the installed state, the water collecting plate 24 is housed in the water collecting plate storage space 28a between the guide members 28, 28, and the guide members 28, 28 restrict the movement of the water collecting plate 24 in the width direction.
　図３および図４は、図１および図２の水路２よりも水路幅Ｗが広い水路２に、この実施形態の集水装置２２を適用した例を示す。図３および図４の例では、水路２の各側壁２ｂ，２ｂから水路２の幅方向に３枚の集水板２４が配置されている。つまり、合計で６枚の集水板２４が設けられている。詳細には、各側壁２ｂ，２ｂから水路２の幅方向内側に等間隔に４枚のガイド部材２８が配置され、４枚のガイド部材２８で形成された３つの集水板収納空間２８ａに３枚の集水板２４が挿入されている。 3 and 4 show an example in which the water collecting device 22 of this embodiment is applied to a water channel 2 having a water channel width W wider than that of the water channels 2 of FIGS. 1 and 2. In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, three water collecting plates 24 are arranged in the width direction of the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b of the water channel 2. That is, a total of 6 water collecting plates 24 are provided. Specifically, four guide members 28 are arranged at equal intervals inside the water channel 2 from the side walls 2b and 2b in the width direction, and three in the three water collecting plate storage spaces 28a formed by the four guide members 28. A water collecting plate 24 is inserted.
　このように、水路幅Ｗが変わっても、集水板２４の枚数を変更することで対応できるので、集水板２４の１枚あたりの大きさを変更する必要がない。これにより、集水板２４の運搬、組立、設置が容易である。 In this way, even if the water channel width W changes, it can be dealt with by changing the number of water collecting plates 24, so that it is not necessary to change the size of each water collecting plate 24. As a result, the water collecting plate 24 can be easily transported, assembled, and installed.
　＜集水装置の水路への設置手順について＞
　図５Ａ～図５Ｃを用いて、この実施形態の集水装置２２の水路２への設置手順を説明する。まず、翼車８、発電機１０および集水板ガイド２６を、固定部品６を介して水路２に設置する。 <Procedure for installing the water collector in the waterway>
The procedure for installing the water collecting device 22 of this embodiment in the water channel 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5C. First, the impeller 8, the generator 10, and the water collecting plate guide 26 are installed in the water channel 2 via the fixing component 6.
　つぎに、図５Ａ～図５Ｃに示すように、クレーン等を用いて、１枚の集水板２４を上方から水路２へ設置する。具体的には、上方から集水板ガイド２６のガイド部材２８，２８に集水板２４の両側縁部を案内させながら、集水板収納空間２８ａに集水板２４を挿入する。他の集水板２４についても、同様の手順で水路２に設置される。 Next, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, one water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2 from above using a crane or the like. Specifically, the water collecting plate 24 is inserted into the water collecting plate storage space 28a while guiding both side edges of the water collecting plate 24 to the guide members 28, 28 of the water collecting plate guide 26 from above. The other water collecting plates 24 are also installed in the water channel 2 in the same procedure.
　このように、この実施形態によれば、集水板２４を１枚ずつ設置することができる。また、幅の小さな集水板２４を集水板ガイド２６に沿わせるように設置することで、水が流れている中でも容易に集水板２４を設置することができる。 As described above, according to this embodiment, the water collecting plates 24 can be installed one by one. Further, by installing the water collecting plate 24 having a small width along the water collecting plate guide 26, the water collecting plate 24 can be easily installed even when water is flowing.
　＜作用効果＞
　図１に示す水力発電装置１によれば、集水板２４の通水路２５を通過した水が翼車８に集水されることによって、翼車８が回転する。この翼車８の回転により発電機１０が発電する。このとき、集水板２４により流水の流路断面が通水路２５の面積に狭められるので、翼車８を通過する水の流速が増加する。したがって、発電効率を高めることができる。 <Action effect>
According to the hydroelectric power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1, the impeller 8 rotates when the water that has passed through the water passage 25 of the water collecting plate 24 is collected by the impeller 8. The rotation of the impeller 8 causes the generator 10 to generate electricity. At this time, since the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage 25 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. Therefore, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
　上記構成によれば、集水板ユニット２３が、水の流れ方向Ａ１向きと鉛直方向とで形成される平面Ｐで複数の集水板２４に分割されている。これにより、水路幅Ｗが大きくなった場合でも集水板２４の大きさを水路幅に合わせる必要がなく、運搬、組立、設置を容易に行うことができる。 According to the above configuration, the water collecting plate unit 23 is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates 24 by a plane P formed in the water flow direction A1 direction and the vertical direction. As a result, even when the water channel width W becomes large, it is not necessary to adjust the size of the water collecting plate 24 to the water channel width, and transportation, assembly, and installation can be easily performed.
　また、集水板２４が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向Ａ１に傾斜するように、集水板ガイド２６が設置されている。これにより、集水板２４に鉛直方向から流水の向きに角度がつく。したがって、水流により集水板２４を水路２の底に押し付ける向きの力が加わり、集水板２４の設置が安定する。 Further, the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction A1 with respect to the vertical direction. As a result, the water collecting plate 24 is angled from the vertical direction to the direction of running water. Therefore, a force in the direction of pressing the water collecting plate 24 against the bottom of the water channel 2 is applied by the water flow, and the installation of the water collecting plate 24 is stabilized.
　〔第２の実施形態〕
　この発明の第２の実施形態を図６ないし図７と共に説明する。第２の実施形態において、第１の実施形態と同じ構成には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。第２の実施形態では、図６に示すように、集水板２４に、通水孔３０が形成されている。 [Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 7. In the second embodiment, the same configurations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a water passage hole 30 is formed in the water collecting plate 24.
　集水板２４は、水路２を遮断して水路２の流水を通水孔３０に集める。つまり、集水板２４により流水の流路断面が通水孔３０の面積に狭められるので、翼車８を通過する水の流速が増加する。これにより、発電効率の向上を図ることができる。 The water collecting plate 24 blocks the water channel 2 and collects the running water of the water channel 2 in the water passage hole 30. That is, since the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage hole 30 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
　この実施形態の通水孔３０は、丸孔からなる貫通孔であり、その直径は、翼車８の直径と同じか、あるいは翼車８の直径より大きい。また、通水孔３０は、集水板２４が水路２に設置された状態で、翼車８の回転軸心Ｏ１と同心となる位置に形成されている。換言すれば、翼車８および集水板２４が水路２に設置された状態において、翼車８に対して同一の深さ位置で且つ同一の幅方向位置に、集水板２４の通水孔３０が位置する。 The water passage hole 30 of this embodiment is a through hole made of a round hole, and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the impeller 8 or larger than the diameter of the impeller 8. Further, the water passage hole 30 is formed at a position concentric with the rotation axis O1 of the impeller 8 in a state where the water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2. In other words, when the impeller 8 and the water collecting plate 24 are installed in the water channel 2, the water passage holes of the water collecting plate 24 are located at the same depth position and the same width direction position with respect to the impeller 8. 30 is located.
　この実施形態では、水路２の幅方向全体に渡って、複数（この例では６枚）の集水板２４が配置されており、この複数の集水板２４に、通水孔３０が形成されている。詳細には、各集水板２４が、上半板２４ａと下半板２４ｂとを有し、上半板２４ａの下縁と下半板２４ｂの上縁とに切欠き部が形成されている。集水板２４の設置状態で、これらの切欠き部により通水孔３０が形成される。この実施形態では、各集水板２４を水路２に設置する際、まず下半板２４ｂを設置し、つづいて上半板２４ａを設置する。 In this embodiment, a plurality of (six sheets in this example) water collecting plates 24 are arranged over the entire width direction of the water channel 2, and water passage holes 30 are formed in the plurality of water collecting plates 24. ing. Specifically, each water collecting plate 24 has an upper half plate 24a and a lower half plate 24b, and notches are formed in the lower edge of the upper half plate 24a and the upper edge of the lower half plate 24b. .. In the installed state of the water collecting plate 24, the water passage hole 30 is formed by these notches. In this embodiment, when each water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2, the lower half plate 24b is installed first, and then the upper half plate 24a is installed.
　さらに、図７に示すように、集水板ガイド２６における水の流れ方向Ａ１の下流側である後面に、案内孔３２が設けられている。この実施形態の案内孔３２は、円筒状のパイプ３６により形成されている。案内孔３２は、例えば、集水板ガイド２６に溶接で接合される。ただし、案内孔３２の固定方法はこれに限定されない。 Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a guide hole 32 is provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide 26 on the downstream side of the water flow direction A1. The guide hole 32 of this embodiment is formed by a cylindrical pipe 36. The guide hole 32 is joined to the water collecting plate guide 26 by welding, for example. However, the method of fixing the guide hole 32 is not limited to this.
　案内孔３２は、通水孔３０と翼車８との間に配置されており、通水孔３０を通過した水を翼車８に案内する。案内孔３２の直径は、翼車８および通水孔３０の直径とほぼ同じに設定されている。また、案内孔３２は、集水板２４が水路２に設置された状態で、翼車８の回転軸心Ｏ１と同心となる位置に設けられている。換言すれば、翼車８および集水板２４が水路２に設置された状態において、翼車８に対して同一の深さ位置で且つ同一の幅方向位置に、案内孔３２が位置する。 The guide hole 32 is arranged between the water passage hole 30 and the impeller 8, and guides the water that has passed through the water passage hole 30 to the impeller 8. The diameter of the guide hole 32 is set to be substantially the same as the diameter of the impeller 8 and the water passage hole 30. Further, the guide hole 32 is provided at a position concentric with the rotation axis O1 of the impeller 8 in a state where the water collecting plate 24 is installed in the water channel 2. In other words, in the state where the impeller 8 and the water collecting plate 24 are installed in the water channel 2, the guide hole 32 is located at the same depth position and the same width direction position with respect to the impeller 8.
　この実施形態では、固定部材６と集水板ガイド２６との間に、複数の補強部材３４が架け渡されている。補強部材３４は、例えば、棒状の板材であり、その上端が固定部材６に連結され、下端が集水板ガイド２６の下部に連結されている。補強部材３４と固定部材６との連結および補強部材３４と集水板ガイド２６との連結は、例えば、ボルト連結である。ただし、補強部材３４の連結方法はこれに限定されない。補強部材３４で補強することにより、案内孔３２を集水板ガイド２６に設けた場合でも、集水板ガイド２６の支持が安定する。 In this embodiment, a plurality of reinforcing members 34 are bridged between the fixing member 6 and the water collecting plate guide 26. The reinforcing member 34 is, for example, a rod-shaped plate material, the upper end thereof is connected to the fixing member 6, and the lower end thereof is connected to the lower portion of the water collecting plate guide 26. The connection between the reinforcing member 34 and the fixing member 6 and the connection between the reinforcing member 34 and the water collecting plate guide 26 are, for example, bolt connections. However, the method of connecting the reinforcing member 34 is not limited to this. By reinforcing with the reinforcing member 34, the support of the water collecting plate guide 26 is stabilized even when the guide hole 32 is provided in the water collecting plate guide 26.
　＜作用効果＞
　図６の水力発電装置１によれば、集水板２４の通水孔３０を通過した水が翼車８に集水されることによって、翼車８が回転する。この翼車８の回転により発電機１０が発電する。このとき、集水板２４により流水の流路断面が通水孔３０の面積に狭められるので、翼車８を通過する水の流速が増加する。したがって、発電効率を高めることができる。 <Action effect>
According to the hydroelectric power generation device 1 of FIG. 6, the impeller 8 rotates when the water that has passed through the water passage hole 30 of the water collecting plate 24 is collected by the impeller 8. The rotation of the impeller 8 causes the generator 10 to generate electricity. At this time, since the cross section of the flowing water flow path is narrowed to the area of the water passage hole 30 by the water collecting plate 24, the flow velocity of the water passing through the impeller 8 increases. Therefore, the power generation efficiency can be improved.
　第２の実施形態によっても、第１の実施形態と同様に、集水板２４を水路２に容易に設置することができる。さらに、第２の実施形態によれば、集水板ガイド２６の後面に案内孔３４が設けられている。これにより、集水板２４と翼車８との距離が離れる場合でも、案内孔３４により集水板２４の間を通る水の速度が維持される。したがって、速度の増加した水流を利用して翼車８を回転できる。 According to the second embodiment, the water collecting plate 24 can be easily installed in the water channel 2 as in the first embodiment. Further, according to the second embodiment, the guide hole 34 is provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide 26. As a result, even when the water collecting plate 24 and the impeller 8 are separated from each other, the speed of water passing between the water collecting plates 24 is maintained by the guide hole 34. Therefore, the impeller 8 can be rotated by utilizing the increased speed of the water flow.
　本発明は、以上の実施形態に限定されるものでなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、種々の追加、変更または削除が可能である。例えば、上記実施形態では、集水板ガイド２６は、集水板２４が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向に傾斜するように設置されていたが、集水板２４が鉛直方向に延びるように集水板ガイド２６を設置してもよい。また、通水孔３０の直径が翼車８の直径より小さくてもよい。したがって、そのようなものも本発明の範囲内に含まれる。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various additions, changes, or deletions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the water collecting plate guide 26 is installed so that the water collecting plate 24 is inclined in the water flow direction with respect to the vertical direction, but the water collecting plate 24 extends in the vertical direction. A water collecting plate guide 26 may be installed. Further, the diameter of the water passage hole 30 may be smaller than the diameter of the impeller 8. Therefore, such things are also included in the scope of the present invention.
１　水力発電装置
２　水路
８　翼車
１０　発電機
２２　集水装置
２３　集水板ユニット
２４　集水板
２６　集水板ガイド
３２　案内孔 1 Hydroelectric power generation device 2 Water channel 8 Impeller 10 Generator 22 Water collection device 23 Water collection plate unit 24 Water collection plate 26 Water collection plate guide 32 Guide hole

Claims (3)

  1. 　水力を回転力に変換する翼車と、この翼車の回転により発電する発電機と、前記翼車の上流側に設置されて前記翼車に水路の水を集水する集水装置と、を備えた水力発電装置であって、
    　前記集水装置は、前記水路の水を増速して前記翼車に案内する集水板ユニットと、前記集水板ユニットを翼車に対して水路の所定距離だけ上流側に配置する集水板ガイドとを有し、
    　前記集水板ユニットは、水の流れ方向と鉛直方向とで形成される平面で複数の集水板に分割され、この分割された集水板が前記集水板ガイドに沿って水路に挿入されている水力発電装置。     An impeller that converts hydraulic power into rotational force, a generator that generates electricity by the rotation of the impeller, and a water collecting device that is installed on the upstream side of the impeller and collects water from the channel to the impeller. It ’s a hydroelectric power generator
    The water collecting device includes a water collecting plate unit that accelerates the water in the water channel and guides the water to the impeller, and a water collecting plate unit that arranges the water collecting plate unit upstream of the impeller by a predetermined distance of the water channel. Has a board guide and
    The water collecting plate unit is divided into a plurality of water collecting plates by a plane formed by a water flow direction and a vertical direction, and the divided water collecting plates are inserted into a water channel along the water collecting plate guide. Hydroelectric power generation equipment.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の水力発電装置において、前記集水板が鉛直方向に対して水の流れ方向。に傾斜するように、前記集水板ガイドが設置されている水力発電装置。 In the hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 1, the water collecting plate is in the vertical direction and the water flow direction. A hydroelectric power generator in which the water collecting plate guide is installed so as to incline to.
  3. 　請求項１または２に記載の水力発電装置において、前記集水板ガイドにおける水の流れ方向の下流側である後面に、筒状の案内孔が設けられている水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tubular guide hole is provided on the rear surface of the water collecting plate guide on the downstream side in the water flow direction.
PCT/JP2020/011429 2019-03-26 2020-03-16 Hydraulic power generation apparatus WO2020196018A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

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JP2009114937A (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-28 Michihiro Oe Hydraulic power generation device
JP2009127427A (en) * 2007-11-20 2009-06-11 Yoshimoto Pole Co Ltd Power generation water turbine and power generation device

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DE102005040806A1 (en) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-08 Schopf, Walter, Dipl.-Ing. Radial water turbine for power and irrigation has active components with flow passing through them horizontally and parallel to external free flow
JP6078364B2 (en) 2013-02-05 2017-02-08 エネフォレスト株式会社 Water current generator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009114937A (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-28 Michihiro Oe Hydraulic power generation device
JP2009127427A (en) * 2007-11-20 2009-06-11 Yoshimoto Pole Co Ltd Power generation water turbine and power generation device

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