WO2020195185A1

WO2020195185A1 - Composite member, and color tone control apparatus, heat generating device, building member, water section member, and light-emitting device using said composite member

Info

Publication number: WO2020195185A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/004119
Authority: WO
Inventors: 直樹栗副; 夏希佐藤
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2019-03-26
Filing date: 2020-02-04
Publication date: 2020-10-01
Also published as: JPWO2020195185A1; JP7113358B2

Abstract

A composite member (100) includes a matrix part (10) constituted from an inorganic substance, and an organic-based thermochromic material (20) existing in a dispersed state in the matrix part, the porosity in a cross section of the matrix part being 20% or less. A color tone control apparatus (200) is provided with the composite member and a temperature control device (110) for adjusting the temperature of the composite member. A heat generating device (210) is provided with the composite member and an infrared light source (120) for radiating infrared light to the composite member. The building member, water section member, and light-emitting device of the present invention are provided with the composite member.

Description

Composite members, and color tone control devices, heat generating devices, building members, water-related members, and light emitting devices using them.

The present invention relates to a composite member, and a color tone control device, a heat generating device, an architectural member, a water supply member, and a light emitting device using the composite member.

Conventionally, thermochromic materials have been known in which optical properties such as transmittance and reflectance change reversibly due to temperature changes.

Patent Document 1 discloses a thermochromic material containing a biopolymer such as polyhydroxybutyrate, cellulose acetate, and polylactic acid, a natural dye having an anthocyanin structure, and a reaction medium such as a fatty acid. It is disclosed that the thermochromic material is processed into a film or sheet by extrusion molding, and that the thermochromic material is used in the food industry and medical technology because all its components are non-toxic. There is.

Patent Document 2 discloses a thermochromic body in which a vanadium oxide layer having thermochromic properties is formed on a laminated seed layer in which zirconium oxide / tin oxide containing crystalline material is formed in this order on a transparent substrate. ing. Vanadium oxide (vanadium dioxide (VO ₂ )) has a metal-insulator transition temperature near 68 ° C., the transmittance of infrared light increases in the temperature range lower than this transition temperature, and infrared rays are above the transition temperature. It is known that the light transmittance is reduced. Therefore, by using a thermochromic body coated with vanadium oxide as a window glass of a building, a house, an automobile, a train, etc., the amount of infrared light transmitted can be automatically adjusted according to the environmental temperature.

Japanese Patent No. 6193378 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-297500

However, in Patent Document 1, since thermochromic components such as a natural dye and a reaction medium are dispersed in a resin (biopolymer) which is a matrix, there is a problem that the resin deteriorates due to long-term use. .. Further, when the thermochromic component is composed of an organic substance, the thermochromic component also deteriorates due to the deterioration of the resin, so that there is a problem that the thermochromic property is lowered. Further, the thermochromic component made of an inorganic material as in Patent Document 2 may have toxicity, and further contains rare metals and rare earth elements, so that there is a problem that it is very expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite member capable of enhancing the stability of the thermochromic component and maintaining the thermochromic property for a long period of time even when an organic thermochromic component is used. An object of the present invention is further to provide a color tone control device, a heat generating device, an architectural member, a water supply member, and a light emitting device using the composite member.

In order to solve the above problems, the composite member according to the first aspect of the present invention contains a matrix portion composed of an inorganic substance and an organic thermochromic material existing in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion. To do. The porosity in the cross section of the matrix portion is 20% or less.

The color tone control device according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a composite member according to the first aspect and a temperature control device for adjusting the temperature of the composite member.

The heat generating device according to the third aspect of the present invention includes the composite member according to the first aspect and an infrared light source that irradiates the composite member with infrared rays.

The building member according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes the composite member according to the first aspect, the color tone control device according to the second aspect, or the heat generating device according to the third aspect.

The water-related member according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes the composite member according to the first aspect, the color tone control device according to the second aspect, or the heat generating device according to the third aspect.

The light emitting device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention includes the composite member according to the first aspect or the heat generating device according to the third aspect.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a composite member according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross section of the composite member according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the vicinity of the grain boundary of the particle group of the inorganic substance. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the composite member according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the composite member according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the composite member according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the composite member according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the color tone control device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a heat generating device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a reflected electron image at position 1 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a reflected electron image at position 2 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a reflected electron image at position 3 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing binarized data of the reflected electron image at position 1 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing binarized data of the reflected electron image at position 2 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing binarized data of the reflected electron image at position 3 in the test sample of the example. FIG. 15 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern of hydraulic alumina used in the reference example and the patterns of boehmite (AlOOH) and gibbsite (Al (OH) ₃ ) registered in ICSD. FIG. 16 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern of the test sample of the reference example and the X-ray diffraction pattern of boehmite and gibsite registered in ICSD.

Hereinafter, the composite member according to the present embodiment, the color tone control device, the heat generating device, the building member, the water supply member, and the light emitting device using the composite member will be described with reference to the drawings. The dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratios.

[Composite member of the first embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the composite member 100 of the present embodiment has a matrix portion 10 composed of an inorganic substance and an organic thermochromic material 20 existing in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion 10. There is. As shown in FIG. 2, the matrix portion 10 is composed of a plurality of particles 11 made of an inorganic substance, and the matrix portion 10 is formed by binding the particles 11 of the inorganic substances to each other.

The inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 preferably contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, base metals and metalloids. As used herein, alkaline earth metals include beryllium and magnesium in addition to calcium, strontium, barium and radium. Base metals include aluminum, zinc, gallium, cadmium, indium, tin, mercury, thallium, lead, bismuth and polonium. Metalloids include boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and tellurium. Among these, the inorganic substance preferably contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum and magnesium. As will be described later, the inorganic substance containing these metal elements can easily form a connecting portion derived from the inorganic substance by the pressure heating method.

The inorganic substance preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, hydroxides, sulfides, borides, carbides and halides of the above metal elements. Further, it is more preferable that the inorganic substance contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, hydroxides, sulfides, borides, carbides and halides of the above metal elements as a main component. That is, the inorganic substance preferably contains at least 50 mol% or more of at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, hydroxides, sulfides, borides, carbides and halides of the metal elements. It is more preferable to contain% or more. The above-mentioned oxide of the metal element includes phosphate, silicate, aluminate and borate in addition to the compound in which only oxygen is bonded to the metal element. The inorganic substance is preferably an oxide or nitride of the above metal element. Such inorganic substances are highly stable against oxygen and water vapor in the atmosphere. Therefore, by dispersing the organic thermochromic material 20 inside the matrix portion 10, contact between the organic thermochromic material 20 and oxygen and water vapor can be suppressed, and deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20 can be suppressed. it can.

It is particularly preferable that the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is an oxide. Since the inorganic substance is composed of the oxide of the metal element, it is possible to obtain a composite member 100 having higher durability than fluoride and nitride. The oxide of the metal element is preferably a compound in which only oxygen is bonded to the metal element.

The inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is preferably a polycrystalline material. That is, it is preferable that the particles 11 of the inorganic substance are crystalline particles, and the matrix portion 10 is formed by aggregating a large number of particles 11. Since the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is a polycrystalline material, it is possible to obtain the composite member 100 having higher durability than the case where the inorganic substance is made of amorphous material. It is more preferable that the inorganic substance particles 11 are crystalline particles containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, base metals and metalloids. Further, the inorganic substance particles 11 are crystalline particles containing at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, hydroxides, sulfides, borides, carbides and halides of the above metal elements. It is preferable to have. The inorganic substance particles 11 are crystalline particles whose main component is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, hydroxides, sulfides, borides, carbides and halides of the above metal elements. More preferably.

It is also preferable that the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is boehmite. Boehmite is an aluminum oxide hydroxide represented by the composition formula of AlOOH. Boehmite is insoluble in water and hardly reacts with acids and alkalis at room temperature, so that it has high chemical stability, and since the dehydration temperature is as high as about 500 ° C., it has excellent heat resistance. Further, since the boehmite has a specific gravity of about 3.07, when the matrix portion 10 is made of boehmite, it is possible to obtain a composite member 100 which is lightweight and has excellent chemical stability.

When the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is boehmite, the particles 11 may be particles composed of only the boehmite phase, and are particles composed of boehmite and a mixed phase of aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide other than boehmite. There may be. For example, the particle 11 may be a mixture of a phase composed of boehmite and a phase composed of gibbsite (Al (OH) ₃ ).

The average particle size of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is not particularly limited, but is more preferably 300 nm or more and 30 μm or less, further preferably 300 nm or more and 10 μm or less, and 300 nm or more and 5 μm or less. Is particularly preferable. When the average particle diameter of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance is within this range, the particles 11 are firmly bonded to each other, and the strength of the matrix portion 10 can be increased. Further, since the average particle size of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance is within this range, the proportion of pores existing inside the matrix portion 10 is 20% or less, as will be described later. Therefore, the organic thermochromic material. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of 20. In the present specification, the value of the "average particle size" is several to several tens of visual fields using an observation means such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM) unless otherwise specified. The value calculated as the average value of the particle diameters of the particles observed inside is adopted.

The shape of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance is not particularly limited, but may be spherical, for example. Further, the particles 11 may be whiskers-like (needle-shaped) particles or scaly particles. The whisker-like particles or the scaly particles have higher contact with other particles than the spherical particles, and the strength of the matrix portion 10 tends to be improved. Therefore, by using particles having such a shape as the particles 11, it is possible to increase the strength of the composite member 100 as a whole. As the whisker-shaped particles 11, for example, particles containing at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum nitride (AlN), zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) can be used. .. Further, as the scaly particles 11, for example, particles containing boron nitride (BN) can be used.

The inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 preferably has translucency. Specifically, it is preferable that the inorganic substance transmits visible light. Further, it is preferable that the inorganic substance transmits infrared rays in addition to visible light. Since the inorganic substance has translucency, the organic thermochromic material 20 can easily selectively absorb light of a specific wavelength, so that the color tone of the organic thermochromic material 20 can be more clearly reflected. It becomes the member 100. Further, as will be described later, when the organic thermochromic material 20 reflects infrared rays at a high temperature and absorbs infrared rays at a low temperature, the inorganic substance has infrared transmittance, so that the organic thermochromic material 20 emits infrared rays. It can be efficiently reflected or absorbed.

Here, it is preferable that the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 does not substantially contain hydrate. In the present specification, "the inorganic substance does not substantially contain hydrate" means that the inorganic substance does not intentionally contain hydrate. Therefore, when hydrate is mixed with the inorganic substance as an unavoidable impurity, the condition that "the inorganic substance does not substantially contain hydrate" is satisfied. Since boehmite is a metal oxide hydroxide, it is not included in the hydrate in the present specification.

The inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 preferably does not contain a hydrate of a calcium compound. Calcium compound referred to herein is, tricalcium silicate (alite, 3CaO · _SiO 2), dicalcium silicate (belite, 2CaO · _SiO 2), calcium aluminate _{_{(3CaO · Al 2 O 3)}} , calcium alumino ferrite _{_{_{(4CaO · Al 2 O 3 ·}}} Fe 2 O 3), calcium sulfate _{_{(CaSO 4 · 2H 2 O)}} . When the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 contains the hydrate of the calcium compound, the obtained composite member may have a porosity of more than 20% in the cross section of the matrix portion. Therefore, it is preferable that the inorganic substance does not contain the hydrate of the calcium compound. Further, it is preferable that the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 does not include phosphate cement, zinc phosphate cement, and calcium phosphate cement. Since the inorganic substance does not contain these cements, the porosity of the obtained composite member can be reduced to 20% or less.

The organic thermochromic material 20 dispersed inside the matrix portion 10 is a dye made of an organic compound and whose color changes at a specific temperature. That is, the organic thermochromic material 20 is a compound whose chemical structure changes by the action of heat. For example, a colorless substance becomes colored by heating and returns to colorless by further cooling. Is shown. The organic thermochromic material 20 may show a reversible change in that what was colored becomes colorless by heating and returns to colored by further cooling. Further, the organic thermochromic material 20 may exhibit a property of reflecting or transmitting infrared rays at a high temperature and a property of absorbing infrared rays at a low temperature. When the light absorption wavelength of the organic thermochromic material 20 is only in the infrared region, the color does not change and only the infrared absorption intensity changes depending on the temperature.

The organic thermochromic material 20 is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits the above-mentioned characteristics. The organic thermochromic material 20 is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of bianthron dyes, spirooxazine dyes, spiropyran dyes and salicyldenaniline dyes. The organic thermochromic material 20 is also preferably microcapsules containing a color former and a color developer. In that case, it is preferable to use a leuco dye as the color former. In particular, the leuco dye is preferably a compound having a lactone ring.

In the composite member 100, the matrix portion 10 is preferably composed of a group of particles of an inorganic substance. That is, it is preferable that the matrix portion 10 is composed of a plurality of particles 11 made of an inorganic substance, and the matrix portion 10 is formed by binding the particles 11 of the inorganic substances to each other. At this time, the particles 11 may be in a point contact state, or may be in a surface contact state in which the particle surfaces of the particles 11 are in contact with each other. The organic thermochromic material 20 preferably exists in a substantially uniformly dispersed state inside the matrix portion 10. However, the organic thermochromic material 20 preferably exists at the grain boundaries of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance. As shown in FIG. 2, the organic thermochromic material 20 is unevenly distributed between the adjacent inorganic substance particles 11, so that the color appearance is compared with the state in which the organic thermochromic material 20 is substantially uniformly dispersed. It is possible to obtain a composite member 100 having a different value.

In the composite member 100, when the matrix portion 10 is composed of the particles of the inorganic substance, the organic thermochromic material 20 may be present between the adjacent particles of the inorganic substance 11. However, as shown in FIG. 2, an amorphous portion 30 containing an amorphous inorganic compound may be present between the adjacent inorganic substance particles 11 in addition to the organic thermochromic material 20. Due to the presence of the amorphous portion 30, the particles 11 of the adjacent inorganic substances are bonded to each other via the amorphous portion 30, so that the strength of the matrix portion 10 can be further increased. The amorphous portion 30 preferably exists so as to be in contact with at least the surface of the particles 11 of the inorganic substance. Further, the amorphous portion 30 exists between the particles 11 of the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material 20 and between the adjacent organic thermochromic material 20 in addition to the particles 11 of the adjacent inorganic substance. You may be doing it.

The amorphous part 30 preferably contains an amorphous inorganic compound. Specifically, the amorphous portion 30 may be a portion composed of only an amorphous inorganic compound, or may be a portion composed of a mixture of an amorphous inorganic compound and a crystalline inorganic compound. .. Further, the amorphous portion 30 may be a portion where the crystalline inorganic compound is dispersed inside the amorphous inorganic compound. When the amorphous inorganic compound and the crystalline inorganic compound are mixed, the amorphous inorganic compound and the crystalline inorganic compound may have the same chemical composition and different chemical compositions from each other. May have.

The particles 11 of the inorganic substance and the amorphous portion 30 contain the same metal element, and the metal element is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, base metals and metalloids. .. That is, it is preferable that the inorganic compound constituting the particles 11 and the amorphous inorganic compound constituting the amorphous portion 30 contain at least the same metal element. Further, the inorganic compound constituting the particles 11 and the amorphous inorganic compound constituting the amorphous portion 30 may have the same chemical composition or may have different chemical compositions. Specifically, when the metal element is zinc, both the inorganic compound constituting the particles 11 and the amorphous inorganic compound constituting the amorphous portion 30 may be zinc oxide (ZnO). Alternatively, the inorganic compound constituting the particles 11 is ZnO, but the amorphous inorganic compound constituting the amorphous portion 30 may be a zinc-containing oxide other than ZnO.

In the composite member 100, the particles 11 and the amorphous portion 30 preferably contain an oxide of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, base metals and metalloids. Since oxides of such metal elements have high durability, it is necessary to suppress contact between the organic thermochromic material 20 and oxygen and water vapor for a long period of time to suppress deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20. Can be done.

The oxide of the metal element contained in both the particle 11 and the amorphous portion 30 is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and a composite of zinc oxide and magnesium oxide. As will be described later, by using oxides of these metal elements, it is possible to form the amorphous portion 30 by a simple method.

In the composite member 100, the particles 11 and the amorphous portion 30 may contain a nitride of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, base metals and metalloids. Since such metal element nitrides also have high durability, it is necessary to suppress contact between the organic thermochromic material 20 and oxygen and water vapor for a long period of time to suppress deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20. Can be done. As the nitride of the metal element contained in both the particle 11 and the amorphous portion 30, boron nitride (BN) can be mentioned.

As described above, the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 may be boehmite. In this case, the particles 11 of the matrix portion 10 may be particles composed of only the boehmite phase, or may be particles composed of a mixed phase of boehmite and aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide other than boehmite. In this case, the adjacent particles 11 are preferably bonded via at least one of an aluminum oxide and an oxidized hydroxide. That is, it is preferable that the particles 11 are not bound by an organic binder made of an organic compound, and are not bound by an inorganic binder made of an inorganic compound other than an aluminum oxide and an oxide hydroxide. When the adjacent particles 11 are bonded via at least one of the oxide of aluminum and the hydroxide of oxide, the oxide of aluminum and the hydroxide of oxide may be crystalline and may not be. It may be crystalline.

When the matrix portion 10 is made of boehmite, the abundance ratio of the boehmite phase is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and further preferably 70% by mass or more. By increasing the proportion of the boehmite phase, it is possible to obtain the matrix portion 10 which is lightweight and has excellent chemical stability and heat resistance. The proportion of the boehmite phase in the matrix unit 10 can be obtained by measuring the X-ray diffraction pattern of the matrix unit 10 by the X-ray diffraction method and then performing Rietveld analysis.

In the composite member 100, the porosity in the cross section of the matrix portion 10 is preferably 20% or less. That is, when observing the cross section of the matrix portion 10, the average value of the ratio of pores per unit area is preferably 20% or less. When the porosity is 20% or less, the organic thermochromic material 20 can be sealed inside the dense inorganic substance. Therefore, since the contact rate between oxygen and water vapor from the outside of the composite member 100 and the organic thermochromic material 20 is reduced, oxidative decomposition of the organic thermochromic material 20 is suppressed, and the thermochromic is used for a long period of time. It becomes possible to maintain the sex. The porosity in the cross section of the matrix portion 10 is preferably 15% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and further preferably 5% or less. The smaller the porosity in the cross section of the matrix portion 10, the more the contact between the organic thermochromic material 20 and oxygen and water vapor is suppressed, so that the deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20 can be prevented.

In this specification, the porosity can be determined as follows. First, the cross section of the matrix portion 10 is observed, and the matrix portion 10, the organic thermochromic material 20, and the pores are discriminated. Then, the unit area and the area of the pores in the unit area are measured, and the ratio of the pores per the unit area is obtained. After obtaining the ratio of pores per unit area at a plurality of places, the average value of the ratio of pores per unit area is defined as the porosity. When observing the cross section of the matrix portion 10, an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), or a transmission electron microscope (TEM) can be used. Further, the unit area and the area of the pores in the unit area may be measured by binarizing the image observed with a microscope.

The shape of the composite member 100 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a plate shape. The thickness t of the composite member 100 (matrix portion 10) is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 100 μm or more. The composite member 100 of the present embodiment is formed by a pressure heating method as described later. Therefore, the composite member 100 having a large thickness can be easily obtained. The thickness t of the composite member 100 (matrix portion 10) can be 0.5 mm or more, and can be 1 cm or more. The upper limit of the thickness t of the composite member 100 (matrix portion 10) is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 50 cm.

In the composite member 100, it is preferable that the organic thermochromic material 20 does not continuously exist from the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 to the inside, and does not exist in a film form on the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10. Specifically, it is preferable that the organic thermochromic material 20 exists in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion 10. Further, a part of the organic thermochromic material 20 may be segregated inside the matrix portion 10. However, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the segregated organic thermochromic material 20a does not continuously exist from the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 to the inside. The organic thermochromic material 20a existing on the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 may be deteriorated by coming into contact with oxygen and water vapor in the atmosphere. The organic thermochromic material 20a that is continuously present from the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 to the inside may also be deteriorated due to oxidative deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20a that is present on the surface 10a. Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20, it is preferable that the organic thermochromic material 20 does not continuously exist from the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 to the inside.

Further, regarding the organic thermochromic material 20 dispersed inside the matrix portion 10, it is preferable that a part of the organic thermochromic material 20 does not exist in a film form on the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10. In this case, the film-like organic thermochromic material 20 is exposed to oxygen and water vapor in the atmosphere, and thus may be oxidatively deteriorated.

In the composite member 100, it is preferable that the matrix portion 10 does not have a gap 10b communicating from the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10 to the inside. Since the organic thermochromic material 20 inside the matrix portion 10 is covered with the particles 11 of the inorganic substance, it is unlikely to be oxidatively deteriorated. However, as shown in FIG. 4, when the void 10b is present in the matrix portion 10, oxygen and water vapor reach the inside of the matrix portion 10 through the void 10b, and the organic thermochromic material 20 inside the matrix portion 10 May come into contact with. Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing oxidative deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20, the matrix portion 10 preferably does not have a void 10b communicating from the surface 10a to the inside.

As described above, the composite member 100 of the present embodiment contains the matrix portion 10 composed of the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material 20 existing in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion 10, and the matrix portion 10 The porosity in the cross section of is 20% or less. Since the composite member 100 uses an organic thermochromic material, it is possible to solve the problems of toxicity and price caused by the thermochromic material made of an inorganic material. Inorganic thermochromic materials cannot express various colors because there are few color variations. On the other hand, the organic thermochromic material has more color variations than the inorganic thermochromic material, so that it can express various colors.

Further, the composite member 100 has a porosity of 20% or less in the cross section. Therefore, since the contact rate between oxygen and water vapor and the organic thermochromic material 20 decreases, oxidative decomposition of the organic thermochromic material 20 is suppressed, and the thermochromic property of the composite member 100 is maintained for a long period of time. It becomes possible. Further, since the matrix portion 10 has few internal pores and the inorganic substance is dense, the composite member 100 is a ceramic member having high strength.

As described above, in the thermochromic body of Patent Document 1, a thermochromic component such as a natural dye and a reaction medium is dispersed in a resin which is a matrix. However, since the resin generally has low thermal conductivity, when the temperature around the thermochromic body changes, it is difficult for the temperature to be transmitted to the thermochromic component, and the temperature followability of the color is insufficient. On the other hand, since the matrix portion 10 of the composite member 100 is composed of an inorganic substance, it has high thermal conductivity. Therefore, even if the ambient temperature of the composite member 100 changes, the temperature is easily transmitted to the organic thermochromic material 20. Therefore, the composite member 100 can be provided with thermochromic characteristics having good color temperature followability.

Further, in the composite member 100, since the organic thermochromic material 20 is highly dispersed inside the matrix portion 10, the entire composite member 100 becomes colored or colorless. Therefore, even if the composite member 100 is processed, the thermochromic property of the composite member 100 can be maintained. On the other hand, when a vanadium oxide layer having thermochromic properties is provided on the surface of a transparent substrate as in Patent Document 2, the vanadium oxide layer is removed when the surface is processed, so that the surface cannot be processed. is there.

The thermochromic body of Patent Document 2 is provided with a vanadium oxide layer, a zirconium oxide layer and a tin oxide layer on the surface of a transparent substrate. Therefore, the vanadium oxide layer may be peeled off due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the transparent substrate and the vanadium oxide layer, the zirconium oxide layer, and the tin oxide layer. However, in the composite member 100, since the organic thermochromic material 20 is highly dispersed inside the matrix portion 10, there is no problem of peeling, and high stability can be maintained for a long period of time.

Next, a method for manufacturing the composite member 100 according to the present embodiment will be described. The composite member 100 can be produced by heating a mixture of particles of an inorganic substance and an organic thermochromic material under pressure while containing a solvent. By using such a pressure heating method, a part of the inorganic substances is eluted and the inorganic substances are bonded to each other, so that the matrix portion 10 in which the organic thermochromic material 20 is dispersed inside can be formed. ..

Specifically, first, the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material are mixed to prepare a mixed powder. The method for mixing the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material is not particularly limited, and the powder can be dried or wet. Further, the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material may be mixed in the air or in an inert atmosphere.

Next, add a solvent to the mixed powder. The solvent is not particularly limited, but for example, a solvent capable of dissolving a part of the inorganic substance when the mixed powder is pressurized and heated can be used. Further, as the solvent, a solvent capable of reacting with an inorganic substance to produce an inorganic substance different from the inorganic substance can be used. As such a solvent, at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, water, an alcohol, a ketone and an ester can be used. As the acidic aqueous solution, an aqueous solution having a pH of 1 to 3 can be used. As the alkaline aqueous solution, an aqueous solution having a pH of 10 to 14 can be used. As the acidic aqueous solution, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution of an organic acid. Further, as the alcohol, it is preferable to use an alcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

As described above, a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material and a solvent can be prepared by mixing the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material and then adding the solvent. However, the method for preparing a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent is not limited to such a method. As a method for preparing the mixture, first, an organic thermochromic material and a solvent are mixed. At this time, the organic thermochromic material may or may not be dissolved in a solvent. Then, a mixture containing the inorganic substance, the organic thermochromic material and the solvent may be prepared by adding the powder of the inorganic substance to the mixture of the organic thermochromic material and the solvent.

Next, a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent is filled inside the mold. After filling the mold with the mixture, the mold may be heated if necessary. Then, by applying pressure to the mixture inside the mold, the inside of the mold becomes a high pressure state. At this time, the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material are densified, and at the same time, the particles of the inorganic substance are bonded to each other.

Here, when a solvent that dissolves a part of the inorganic substance is used, the inorganic compound constituting the inorganic substance dissolves in the solvent under a high pressure state. The dissolved inorganic compound penetrates into the voids between the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material, the voids between the inorganic substances, and the voids between the organic thermochromic materials. Then, by removing the solvent in the mixture in this state, a connecting portion derived from the inorganic substance is formed between the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material, between the inorganic substances and between the organic thermochromic materials. Will be done. Further, when a solvent that reacts with an inorganic substance to produce an inorganic substance different from the inorganic substance is used, the inorganic compound constituting the inorganic substance reacts with the solvent under a high pressure state. Then, other inorganic substances generated by the reaction are filled in the voids between the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material, the voids between the inorganic substances, and the voids between the organic thermochromic materials, and other inorganic substances are filled. A connection derived from the substance is formed.

The heating and pressurizing conditions for a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent are such that when a solvent that dissolves a part of the inorganic substance is used, the dissolution of the surface of the inorganic substance proceeds. If so, it is not particularly limited. Further, under the heating and pressurizing conditions of the mixture, when a solvent that reacts with an inorganic substance to produce an inorganic substance different from the inorganic substance is used, the reaction between the inorganic substance and the solvent proceeds. The conditions are not particularly limited. For example, it is preferable to heat a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material and a solvent to 50 to 300 ° C., and then pressurize the mixture at a pressure of 5 to 600 MPa. The temperature at which the mixture containing the inorganic substance, the organic thermochromic material and the solvent is heated is more preferably 80 to 250 ° C, further preferably 100 to 200 ° C. Further, the pressure at the time of pressurizing the mixture containing the inorganic substance, the organic thermochromic material and the solvent is more preferably 5 to 400 MPa, further preferably 5 to 200 MPa.

Then, the composite member 100 can be obtained by taking out the molded body from the inside of the mold. The connecting portion derived from the inorganic substance formed between the inorganic substance and the organic thermochromic material, between the inorganic substances, and between the organic thermochromic materials is preferably the above-mentioned amorphous portion 30. ..

Here, as a method for manufacturing an inorganic member made of ceramics, a sintering method has been conventionally known. The sintering method is a method for obtaining a sintered body by heating an aggregate of solid powders made of an inorganic substance at a temperature lower than the melting point. However, in the sintering method, the solid powder is heated to, for example, 1000 ° C. or higher. Therefore, even if an attempt is made to obtain a composite member composed of an inorganic substance and an organic thermochromic material by using a sintering method, the organic thermochromic material is carbonized by heating at a high temperature, so that the composite member cannot be obtained. However, in the method for producing the composite member 100 of the present embodiment, since the mixture obtained by mixing the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material is heated at a low temperature of 300 ° C. or lower, the organic thermochromic material is used. Carbonization is unlikely to occur. Therefore, the organic thermochromic material 20 can be stably dispersed inside the matrix portion 10 made of an inorganic substance.

Further, in the production method of the present embodiment, since the mixture formed by mixing the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material is pressed while heating, the inorganic substances are aggregated and a dense matrix portion is formed. It becomes 10. As a result, since the number of pores inside the matrix portion 10 is reduced, it is possible to obtain a composite member 100 having high strength while suppressing oxidative deterioration of the organic thermochromic material 20.

Next, a method for manufacturing the composite member 100 in which the inorganic substance constituting the matrix portion 10 is boehmite will be described. The composite member in which the inorganic substance is boehmite can be produced by mixing hydraulic alumina, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent containing water, and then pressurizing and heating the composite member. The hydraulic alumina is an oxide obtained by heat-treating aluminum hydroxide and contains ρ alumina. Such hydraulic alumina has the property of binding and hardening by a hydration reaction. Therefore, by using the pressure heating method, the hydration reaction of the hydraulic alumina proceeds, the hydraulic alumina are bonded to each other, and the crystal structure is changed to boehmite, whereby the matrix portion 10 can be formed. it can.

Specifically, first, a mixture is prepared by mixing hydraulic alumina powder, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent containing water. The solvent containing water is preferably pure water or ion-exchanged water. However, the solvent containing water may contain an acidic substance or an alkaline substance in addition to water. Further, the solvent containing water may be mainly composed of water, and may contain, for example, an organic solvent (for example, alcohol).

The amount of the solvent added to the hydraulic alumina is preferably an amount at which the hydration reaction of the hydraulic alumina proceeds sufficiently. The amount of the solvent added is preferably 20 to 200% by mass, more preferably 50 to 150% by mass, based on the hydraulic alumina.

Next, a mixture of hydraulic alumina, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent containing water is filled inside the mold. After filling the mold with the mixture, the mold may be heated if necessary. Then, by applying pressure to the mixture inside the mold, the inside of the mold becomes a high pressure state. At this time, the hydraulic alumina is highly filled, and the particles of the hydraulic alumina are bonded to each other to increase the density. Specifically, when water is added to hydraulic alumina, the hydraulic alumina undergoes a hydration reaction, and boehmite and aluminum hydroxide are produced on the surface of the hydraulic alumina particles. Then, by pressurizing the mixture while heating inside the mold, the generated boehmite and aluminum hydroxide diffuse between adjacent water-hard alumina particles, and the water-hard alumina particles are gradually bonded to each other. .. After that, the dehydration reaction proceeds by heating, and the crystal structure changes from aluminum hydroxide to boehmite. It is presumed that such hydration reaction of hydraulic alumina, mutual diffusion between hydraulic alumina particles, and dehydration reaction proceed almost simultaneously.

Then, by taking out the molded product from the inside of the mold, a plurality of particles 11 are bonded to each other via at least one of an aluminum oxide and an oxide hydroxide, and a composite member in which an organic thermochromic material is further dispersed is formed. Obtainable.

The heating and pressurizing conditions of the mixture obtained by mixing the hydraulic alumina, the organic thermochromic material, and the solvent containing water are particularly limited as long as the reaction between the hydraulic alumina and the solvent proceeds. Not done. For example, it is preferable to pressurize a mixture obtained by mixing hydraulic alumina, an organic thermochromic material, and a solvent containing water at a pressure of 5 to 600 MPa while heating to 50 to 300 ° C. The temperature at which the mixture obtained by mixing hydraulic alumina, the organic thermochromic material, and the solvent containing water is heated is more preferably 80 to 250 ° C, and more preferably 100 to 200 ° C. More preferred. Further, the pressure when pressurizing the mixture formed by mixing hydraulic alumina, an organic thermochromic material and a solvent containing water is more preferably 5 to 400 MPa, further preferably 5 to 200 MPa. ..

As described above, the method for producing the composite member 100 includes a step of mixing a powder of an inorganic substance and a powder of an organic thermochromic material to obtain a mixture, and a solvent that dissolves the inorganic substance or a solvent that reacts with the inorganic substance. After the addition, it has a step of pressurizing and heating the mixture. Further, the production method includes a step of mixing an organic thermochromic material with a solvent that dissolves an inorganic substance or a solvent that reacts with the inorganic substance, and a step of mixing an inorganic substance powder with a solvent containing the organic thermochromic material. It has a step of obtaining a mixture and a step of pressurizing and heating the mixture. The heating and pressurizing conditions of the mixture are preferably a temperature of 50 to 300 ° C. and a pressure of 5 to 600 MPa. In the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, since the composite member 100 is molded under such a low temperature condition, carbonization of the organic thermochromic material 20 can be suppressed, and a ceramic member having excellent thermochromic properties can be obtained. ..

The method for producing the composite member 100 in which the inorganic substance is boehmite includes a step of mixing a water-hard alumina, an organic thermochromic material 20, and a solvent containing water to obtain a mixture, and pressurizing and heating the mixture. Has a process. The heating and pressurizing conditions of the mixture are preferably a temperature of 50 to 300 ° C. and a pressure of 5 to 600 MPa. In this production method, since the composite member is molded under low temperature conditions, the obtained member is mainly composed of the boehmite phase. Therefore, a composite member that is lightweight and has excellent chemical stability can be obtained by a simple method.

[Composite member of the second embodiment]
Next, the composite member according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

Similar to the first embodiment, the composite member 100A of the present embodiment has a matrix portion 10 composed of an inorganic substance and an organic thermochromic material 20 existing in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion 10. ing. The matrix portion 10 is composed of a plurality of particles 11 made of an inorganic substance, and the matrix portion 10 is formed by binding the particles 11 of the inorganic substances to each other. The composite member 100A further contains an organic infrared absorber 22 existing inside the matrix portion 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, in the composite member 100A, both the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22 are present in a state of being dispersed inside the matrix portion 10.

The organic infrared absorber 22 is preferably a dye made of an organic compound and having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 780 nm to 1500 μm. Further, the organic infrared absorber 22 is more preferably a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 780 nm to 1000 nm. Such an organic infrared absorber 22 converts the light energy of the absorbed infrared light into heat energy.

The organic infrared absorber 22 is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits the above-mentioned characteristics. However, the organic infrared absorber 22 is selected from the group consisting of an azo metal complex, a triphenylamine azo dye, a cyanine dye, a squarylium dye, a phthalocyanine dye, a dithiolate complex dye, and a diimmonium salt dye. It is preferably at least one.

In the composite member 100A of the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, both the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22 are present in a state of being dispersed inside the matrix portion 10. Therefore, since the contact rate between oxygen and water vapor and the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22 decreases, it is possible to suppress the oxidative decomposition of the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22. it can.

In the composite member 100A, the organic thermochromic material 20 becomes colored at room temperature (20 ° C.) and exhibits a property of absorbing visible light and / or infrared rays, and becomes colorless at 30 ° C. or higher and becomes colorless and / or visible light. Alternatively, it is preferable to exhibit the property of reflecting infrared rays. When such a composite member 100A is used in the summer when the temperature is high, the organic thermochromic material 20 is heated and reflects visible light and / or infrared rays, so that the organic infrared absorber 22 does not easily absorb infrared rays. Become. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the organic infrared absorber 22 to convert light energy into heat energy, so that it is possible to suppress a temperature rise of the composite member 100A. On the contrary, when such a composite member 100A is used in winter when the temperature is low, the organic thermochromic material 20 is cooled to absorb visible light and / or infrared rays. At this time, the organic infrared absorber 22 also absorbs infrared rays. Therefore, since the organic infrared absorber 22 converts light energy into heat energy, it is possible to promote the temperature rise of the composite member 100A.

As shown in FIG. 5, the composite member 100A of the present embodiment may be present in a state in which the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22 are substantially uniformly dispersed inside the matrix portion 10. .. However, this embodiment is not limited to such an embodiment, and for example, the organic thermochromic material 20 may be segregated in the vicinity of the surface of the matrix portion 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, inside the matrix portion 10, the organic thermochromic material 20 is unevenly distributed on the surface 10a side of the matrix portion 10 to be irradiated with infrared rays, rather than the organic infrared absorber 22. You may be doing it.

Similar to the composite member 100A, the composite member 100B shown in FIG. 6 also absorbs organic infrared rays because the organic thermochromic material 20 is heated and reflects visible light and / or infrared rays when the ambient temperature is high. The material 22 is less likely to absorb infrared rays. On the contrary, when the ambient temperature is low, the organic thermochromic material 20 is cooled to absorb visible light and / or infrared rays, and the organic infrared absorber 22 also absorbs infrared rays. However, as shown in FIG. 6, when the organic thermochromic material 20 is segregated in the vicinity of the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10, when the ambient temperature is high, the organic thermochromic material 20 efficiently emits visible light. And / or reflect infrared light. Therefore, in the composite member 100B, infrared rays are less likely to reach the organic infrared absorber 22 than in the composite member 100A, so that the temperature rise of the composite member 100B can be further suppressed. On the contrary, when the organic thermochromic material 20 is segregated in the vicinity of the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10, when the ambient temperature is low, the organic thermochromic material 20 absorbs visible light and / or infrared rays while absorbing visible light and / or infrared rays. The organic infrared absorber 22 also absorbs infrared rays. Therefore, the composite member 100B can promote the temperature rise in the same manner as the composite member 100A.

As described above, the

composite members

100A and 100B include a matrix portion 10 composed of an inorganic substance, an organic infrared absorber 22 existing in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion, and an organic system existing inside the matrix portion. Contains the thermochromic material 20. The

composite members

100A and 100B have a porosity of 20% or less in the cross section of the matrix portion 10. In the

composite members

100A and 100B, the organic infrared absorber 22 and the organic thermochromic material 20 coexist inside the matrix portion 10. As a result, the

composite members

100A and 100B can switch between light reflection and light absorption at high temperature and low temperature. Therefore, the

composite members

100A and 100B suppress the further temperature rise when the ambient temperature is high, and promote the temperature rise when the ambient temperature is low. Therefore, when the

composite members

100A and 100B are used, for example, as the outer wall material of the house, the temperature rise of the outer wall material is suppressed in the summer and the temperature rise is promoted in the winter, so that the cooling and heating efficiency can be improved.

Next, a method for manufacturing the composite member 100A according to the present embodiment will be described. Similar to the first embodiment, the composite member 100A is produced by heating a mixture of inorganic particles, an organic thermochromic material, and an organic infrared absorber under pressure while containing a solvent. Can be done.

Specifically, first, a mixed powder is prepared by mixing an inorganic substance powder, an organic thermochromic material powder, and an organic infrared absorber powder. These mixing methods are not particularly limited, and the mixing atmosphere is not particularly limited.

Next, the solvent is added to the mixed powder. As the solvent, those described in the first embodiment can be used, and the method of adding the solvent can be the same as in the first embodiment. Next, a mixture containing an inorganic substance, an organic thermochromic material, an organic infrared absorber, and a solvent is filled inside the mold, and then heated and pressurized. The heating and pressurizing conditions of the mixture can be the same as in the first embodiment. Then, the composite member 100A can be obtained by taking out the molded body from the inside of the mold.

Next, a method for manufacturing the composite member 100B according to the present embodiment will be described. First, the composite member 100B prepares the first mixed powder by mixing the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic infrared absorber. Further, the powder of the inorganic substance and the powder of the organic thermochromic material are mixed to prepare a second mixed powder.

Next, the solvent is added to both the first mixed powder and the second mixed powder. Then, after the first mixture containing the first mixed powder and the solvent is filled inside the mold, the second mixture containing the second mixed powder and the solvent is filled inside the mold. As a result, the first mixture and the second mixture are laminated inside the mold. In this state, the first mixture and the second mixture are heated and pressurized at the same time. The heating and pressurizing conditions of the first mixture and the second mixture can be the same as in the first embodiment. Then, the composite member 100B can be obtained by taking out the molded body from the inside of the mold.

[Color tone control device]
Next, the color tone control device according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the composite member of the first embodiment and the composite member of the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, the color tone control device 200 of the present embodiment includes a composite member 100 and a temperature control device 110 that adjusts the temperature of the composite member 100. The temperature control device 110 is not particularly limited as long as the composite member 100 can be arbitrarily heated or cooled, and for example, a heater or a cooler can be used.

In the color tone control device 200, the position of the temperature control device 110 with respect to the composite member 100 is not particularly limited, and the temperature of the composite member 100 can be arranged at a position where the temperature can be efficiently adjusted. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the temperature control device 110 can be arranged on the side surface of the plate-shaped composite member 100.

In the composite member 100, as described above, the organic thermochromic material 20 is dispersed inside the matrix portion 10. The organic thermochromic material 20 exhibits a reversible change in that what was colorless becomes colored by heating and returns to colorless by further cooling. Alternatively, the organic thermochromic material 20 exhibits a reversible change in that what was colored becomes colorless by heating and returns to colored by further cooling. Therefore, by adjusting the temperature of the composite member 100 using the temperature control device 110, it is possible to arbitrarily control the color tone of the composite member 100 and enhance the design.

Further, since the matrix portion 10 of the composite member 100 is composed of an inorganic substance, it has high thermal conductivity. Therefore, when the ambient temperature of the composite member 100 is changed by using the temperature control device 110, the temperature is easily transmitted to the organic thermochromic material 20. As described above, since the composite member 100 has a thermochromic characteristic having good color temperature followability, the color tone control device 200 can easily control the color tone of the composite member 100.

The color tone control device 200 is not limited to the composite member 100 of the first embodiment, and may include the

composite members

100A and 100B of the second embodiment.

[Heat heating device]
Next, the heat generating device according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the composite member of the second embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 8, the heat generating device 210 of the present embodiment includes a composite member 100A and an infrared light source 120 that irradiates the composite member 100A with infrared rays. As described above, in the composite member 100A, the organic thermochromic material 20 and the organic infrared absorber 22 are dispersed inside the matrix portion 10, and the organic infrared absorber 22 absorbs infrared light. Converts light energy into heat energy. Since the matrix portion 10 is composed of an inorganic substance, the thermal energy generated by the organic infrared absorber 22 can be efficiently conducted to the surface 10a of the matrix portion 10.

The infrared light source 120 emits infrared rays. Such an infrared light source 120 is not particularly limited, and for example, a light emitting diode or a laser diode that emits near infrared rays can be used. The infrared light emitted by the infrared light source 120 preferably has a maximum intensity value in the wavelength region of 780 nm to 1500 nm. As a result, the organic infrared absorber 22 can efficiently absorb infrared rays and generate heat.

In the heat generating device 210, as shown in FIG. 8, infrared rays radiated from the infrared light source 120 are applied to the surface 10a of the composite member 100A. The infrared rays applied to the surface 10a pass through the matrix portion 10 and reach the organic infrared absorber 22. Then, the organic infrared absorber 22 absorbs infrared rays and generates heat. The thermal energy generated by the organic infrared absorber 22 is conducted to the surface 10a by the highly thermally conductive matrix portion 10. When the irradiation of infrared rays by the infrared light source 120 is stopped, the organic infrared absorber 22 does not generate heat, so that the composite member 100A returns to room temperature.

As described above, in the heat generating device 210 of the present embodiment, the composite member 100A generates heat by irradiating infrared rays using the infrared light source 120, and the composite member 100A returns to room temperature by stopping the irradiation of infrared rays. Therefore, the heat generation of the composite member 100A can be controlled by a simple method of irradiating infrared rays. Further, since the organic infrared absorber 22 in the composite member 100 has high durability, the heat generating device 210 can generate heat for a long period of time.

Note that the composite member used in the heat generating device 210 is not limited to the composite member 100A shown in FIG. 5, and the composite member 100B shown in FIG. 6 may be used. Since the composite member 100B also contains the organic infrared absorber 22, heat can be generated by irradiation with infrared rays.

[Architectural materials, water parts, light emitting devices]
Next, the building member, the water-related member, and the light emitting device of the present embodiment will be described.

The building member of this embodiment includes the above-mentioned composite member 100. The building member is a member manufactured for construction, and in the present embodiment, the composite member 100 is used at least in part. As described above, the composite member 100 can be formed into a plate shape having a large thickness, and is excellent in scratch resistance in addition to high strength and durability. Further, the composite member 100 can be cut in the same manner as a general ceramic member, and the thermochromic property derived from the organic thermochromic material 20 can be maintained even if the surface is processed. Therefore, the composite member 100 can be suitably used as a building member. The building material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an outer wall material (siding) and a roofing material. Further, as the building member, a road material and an outer groove material can also be mentioned.

As described above, the composite member 100 has a thermochromic property in which the color tone changes depending on the ambient temperature. Therefore, since the color tone of the building member of the present embodiment is likely to change depending on the season and time zone, the building member has a high design property so that the change of season and time can be felt.

The building member of the present embodiment is not limited to the composite member 100 of the first embodiment, and may include the

composite members

100A and 100B of the second embodiment. As described above, the

composite members

100A and 100B include the organic infrared absorber 22 in addition to the organic thermochromic material 20. The organic thermochromic material 20 is colored at room temperature (20 ° C.) and exhibits a property of absorbing visible light and / or infrared rays, and is colorless and exhibits a property of reflecting infrared rays at a temperature of 30 ° C. or higher. Is preferable.

When a building member including

composite members

100A and 100B is used in a hot summer, the organic thermochromic material 20 is heated and reflects visible light and / or infrared rays, so that the organic infrared absorber 22 emits infrared rays. It becomes difficult to absorb. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the organic infrared absorber 22 to convert light energy into heat energy, so that it is possible to suppress an increase in temperature of building members. On the contrary, when such a building member is used in a cold winter, the organic thermochromic material 20 is cooled to absorb visible light and / or infrared light. At this time, the organic infrared absorber 22 also absorbs infrared rays. Therefore, since the organic infrared absorber 22 converts light energy into heat energy, it is possible to promote the temperature rise of the building member.

As described above, the building member including the

composite members

100A and 100B can switch between light reflection and light absorption at high temperature and low temperature. Therefore, the building member suppresses the further temperature rise when the ambient temperature is high, and promotes the temperature rise when the ambient temperature is low. Therefore, when the building member is, for example, the outer wall material of the house, the temperature rise of the outer wall material is suppressed in the summer and the temperature rise is promoted in the winter, so that the heating / cooling efficiency can be improved.

The building member of the present embodiment is not limited to the

composite members

100, 100A and 100B, and may include the above-mentioned color tone control device 200 or heat generating device 210.

The water-related member of the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned composite member 100. Examples of the water-related member include members used in kitchens, bathrooms, toilets, and vanities.

As described above, the composite member 100 has a thermochromic property in which the color tone changes depending on the ambient temperature. Therefore, since the color tone of the composite member 100 changes depending on the ambient air temperature and the water temperature, the water-related member is a member having a high design property.

The water-related member of the present embodiment is not limited to the composite member 100 of the first embodiment, and includes the

composite members

100A and 100B of the second embodiment, or the above-mentioned color tone control device 200 or heat generating device 210. May be good.

The light emitting device of the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned

composite members

100A and 100B. Examples of the light emitting device include a device used outdoors. Specifically, examples of the light emitting device include street lights such as security lights and street lights, and traffic lights. As described above, since the

composite members

100A and 100B have high strength and are easy to process, they can be used for a cover, a support, or the like of a light emitting device.

As described above, the

composite members

100A and 100B have a function of absorbing infrared rays and generating heat. Therefore, by using the

composite members

100A and 100B for the light emitting device of the present embodiment, it is possible to promote the melting of the snow adhering to the light emitting device and further suppress the freezing of the light emitting device. The light emitting device may include a heat generating device 210.

Hereinafter, the composite member of the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Reference Examples, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

[Example]
(Preparation of test sample)
As the inorganic particles, using a white zinc oxide particles having an average particle diameter _{D 50} is about 1 [mu] m (produced by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd., purity of 99.99%). Further, as an organic thermochromic material, a temperature indicating material TC-PN29 (manufactured by Sakura Color Products Corporation) that changes color to blue at room temperature (20 ° C.) and colorless at 29 ° C. or higher was used. Next, 0.75 g (90% by volume) of zinc oxide particles and 0.0149 g (10% by volume) of an organic thermochromic material are mixed by wet mixing with acetone added using an agate mortar and pestle. Obtained powder.

Next, the obtained mixed powder was put into the inside of a cylindrical molding die (Φ10) having an internal space. Further, 150 μL of 1 M acetic acid was added to the mixed powder filled inside the molding die. Then, the mixed powder containing the acetic acid was heated and pressurized under the conditions of 5 to 50 MPa, 150 ° C., and 10 minutes to obtain a test sample of this example.

(Evaluation of test sample)
<Surface observation>
As a result of visually observing the test sample under the condition of room temperature (20 ° C.), the surface of the test sample had a blue color derived from an organic thermochromic material. In addition, the test sample had a high hardness similar to that of a sintered body.

<Porosity measurement>
First, a cross section of a columnar test sample was subjected to cross-section polisher processing (CP processing). Next, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a reflected electron image was observed on the cross section of the test sample at a magnification of 20000 times. The reflected electron images obtained by observing three places (positions 1 to 3) on the cross section of the test sample are shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. In the observed reflected electron image, the white part is zinc oxide (particle 11 of an inorganic substance) and the organic thermochromic material 20, and the black part is a pore 40.

Next, the pores were clarified by binarizing each of the SEM images in the three fields of view. The binarized images of the reflected electron images of FIGS. 9 to 11 are shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, respectively. Then, the area ratio of the pore portion was calculated from the binarized image, and the average value was taken as the porosity. Specifically, from FIG. 12, the area ratio of the pore portion at position 1 was 16.3%. From FIG. 13, the area ratio of the pore portion at position 2 was 17.1%. From FIG. 14, the area ratio of the pore portion at position 3 was 18.5%. Therefore, the porosity of the test sample prepared this time was 17.3%, which is the average value of the area ratio of the pore portions at positions 1 to 3.

In this way, the test sample had a blue color derived from the organic thermochromic material because the organic thermochromic material existed in a state of being dispersed inside the zinc oxide particles. Further, from FIGS. 9 to 11, it can be seen that the organic thermochromic material exists at the grain boundaries of the zinc oxide particles. Since the porosity of the test sample is less than 20%, it can be seen that the organic thermochromic material suppresses contact with the atmosphere and water vapor, and suppresses oxidative deterioration.

<Saturation measurement>
The test samples were compared by measuring the chromaticity at room temperature (20 ° C.) and the chromaticity when heated to 50 ° C. A spectrophotometer CM-700d manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. was used for the chromaticity measurement. As a result, the chromaticity of the test sample at room temperature was L ^* = 92.65, a ^* = -0.73, b ^* = -1.47, and the chromaticity at 50 ° C. was L ^* = 93.88. , A ^* = −0.05, and b ^* = 0.10. The color difference ΔE was 2.1. Therefore, the obtained test sample was confirmed to be discolored due to temperature.

As described above, it can be seen that in the test sample of the example, the organic thermochromic material is stably dispersed, and the entire test sample is discolored by heating.

[Reference example]
(Preparation of test sample)
Water-hardened alumina BK-112 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. was prepared as the inorganic particles. The hydraulic alumina has a central particle size of 16 μm. Here, FIG. 15 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the hydraulic alumina powder, and the patterns of boehmite (AlOOH) and gibbsite (Al (OH) ₃ ) registered in ICSD. As shown in FIG. 15, it can be seen that the hydraulic alumina is a mixture of boehmite and gibbsite. Although not shown in FIG. 15, hydraulic alumina also contains ρ-alumina.

Next, the ion-exchanged water is weighed so as to be 80% by mass with respect to the water-hard alumina, and then the water-hard alumina and the ion-exchanged water are mixed using an agate mortar and a pestle to obtain a mixture. It was. Next, the obtained mixture was put into the inside of a cylindrical molding die (Φ10) having an internal space. Then, the mixture was heated and pressurized under the conditions of 50 MPa, 120 ° C. and 20 minutes to obtain a test sample of this example. The test sample of this example had a high hardness like that of a sintered body.

(Evaluation of test sample)
<X-ray diffraction measurement>
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the test sample of the reference example was measured using an X-ray diffractometer. FIG. 16 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the test sample of the reference example, and the X-ray diffraction pattern of boehmite and gibsite registered in ICSD. From FIG. 16, it can be seen that the test sample of the reference example is a structure mainly composed of boehmite. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, it can be seen that the raw material gibbsite (aluminum hydroxide) is changed to boehmite by the low temperature sintering method.

As described above, it can be seen that the matrix portion 10 made of boehmite can be obtained by the low temperature sintering method. Therefore, by dispersing the organic thermochromic material 20 in the matrix portion 10, it is possible to obtain the composite member 100 which is lightweight and has excellent chemical stability.

Although the contents of the present embodiment have been described above with reference to the examples and reference examples, those skilled in the art can understand that the present embodiment is not limited to these descriptions and various modifications and improvements can be made. Is self-evident.

The entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-05N180 (application date: March 26, 2019) are incorporated here.

According to the present disclosure, even when an organic thermochromic component is used, the stability of the thermochromic component is enhanced, and the composite member, the color tone control device, the heat generating device, and the building capable of maintaining the thermochromic property for a long period of time. Members, water-related members, and light emitting devices can be provided.

10 Matrix part 10a Matrix part surface 10b Void 11 Inorganic substance particles 20 Organic thermochromic material 22 Organic

infrared absorber

100, 100A, 100B Composite member 110 Temperature control device 120 Infrared light source 200 Color tone control device 210 Heat generation device

Claims

The matrix part composed of inorganic substances and
An organic thermochromic material that exists in a dispersed state inside the matrix portion,
Contains,
A composite member having a porosity of 20% or less in a cross section of the matrix portion.
The composite member according to claim 1, wherein the organic thermochromic material does not continuously exist from the surface to the inside of the matrix portion and does not exist in a film form on the surface of the matrix portion.
The composite member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the matrix portion does not have a gap communicating from the surface to the inside of the matrix portion.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porosity in the cross section of the matrix portion is 10% or less.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inorganic substance is an oxide.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inorganic substance is a polycrystalline material.
The matrix portion is composed of a group of particles of the inorganic substance.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the organic thermochromic material exists at the grain boundaries of the particles of the inorganic substance.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inorganic substance transmits visible light.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further containing an organic infrared absorber existing inside the matrix portion.
The composite member according to claim 9, wherein inside the matrix portion, the organic thermochromic material is unevenly distributed on the surface side of the matrix portion where infrared rays are irradiated, rather than the organic infrared absorber.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and
A temperature control device that adjusts the temperature of the composite member,
A color tone control device.
With the composite member according to claim 9 or 10.
An infrared light source that irradiates the composite member with infrared rays,
A heating device.
A building member including the composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the color tone control device according to claim 11, or the heat generating device according to claim 12.
A water supply member including the composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the color tone control device according to claim 11, or the heat generating device according to claim 12.
A light emitting device including the composite member according to claim 9 or 10 or the heat generating device according to claim 12.