WO2020187382A1 - Échangeurs de chaleur permettant un écoulement de fluide bidirectionnel - Google Patents

Échangeurs de chaleur permettant un écoulement de fluide bidirectionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020187382A1
WO2020187382A1 PCT/EP2019/000088 EP2019000088W WO2020187382A1 WO 2020187382 A1 WO2020187382 A1 WO 2020187382A1 EP 2019000088 W EP2019000088 W EP 2019000088W WO 2020187382 A1 WO2020187382 A1 WO 2020187382A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant
manifold
heat exchanger
port
channels
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/000088
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ragu Subramanyam
Adrián Loureiro Fernández
Original Assignee
Senior Uk Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Senior Uk Limited filed Critical Senior Uk Limited
Priority to PCT/EP2019/000088 priority Critical patent/WO2020187382A1/fr
Publication of WO2020187382A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020187382A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the top, middle, and bottom plates are sealedly engaged for circulation of the coolant, and collectively form a“stacked” cooling block having a first end and a second end substantially opposite the first end, and a manifold side and a recirculation side substantially opposite the manifold side.
  • the manifold side and recirculation side are operably positioned between the first and second ends, respectively.
  • the first coolant port is adapted to convey coolant into or from coolant passageways formed between the top and middle plates.
  • the second coolant port is adapted to convey coolant into or from coolant passageways formed between the middle and bottom plates.
  • FIG. 7B is an enlarged, detailed top plan view of a matrix of the bottom plate of the example cooling block, according to the embodiment of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 8 is a detailed cutaway perspective view of the example cooling block near a first coolant port, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 9B is an elevated, cross-sectional side view illustrating the cooling channels of the example cooling block, according to the embodiment of FIG. 2, taken along lines 9B- 9B of FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged, detailed perspective cutaway view near a second coolant port of the example cooling block, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 12A is a perspective view of an example sealing block, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating an example arrangement of a battery pack on a cooling block of the subject heat exchanger assembly, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • high performance rechargeable battery packs may include a large number of battery cells, some electrically connected in series (e g. , to provide adequate voltage) and others electrically connected in parallel (e.g. , to increase current input and output). Temperature variations within individual cells, as well as across cells, may hinder the battery system’s ability to rapidly charge and discharge.
  • Coolant flowing along the first set of channels reverses direction and enters the second set of channels, flowing along the second set of channels from recirculation side 208 toward manifold side 206.
  • Bottom coolant manifold 282 is positioned“beneath” top coolant manifold 222 (in the negative z- direction), which collects coolant from the second set of channels. Coolant collected in the bottom manifold 282 flows out of cooling block 200 through second coolant port 218, which is fluidly coupled to outlet rail 114.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of top plate 220, middle plate 250, and bottom plate 280 of cooling block 200.
  • middle plate 250 includes a set of elongated corrugations or ridges 251 extending between manifold side 206 and recirculation side 208.
  • the corrugations are embossed in the positive z-direction, forming a set of ridges with elongated gaps extending between adjacent ridges.
  • the first set of channels such as channel 254 of FIG. 6B, as described above, are formed between these elongated gaps and the inner surface (the surface facing the negative z-direction) of top plate 220.
  • the second set of channels such as channel 252 are formed between the space“underneath” the elongated ridges and the inner surface (the surface facing the positive z-direction) of bottom plate 280.
  • matrixes 216a and 216b receive coolant directed through apertures 226a, while matrix 216c receives coolant directed through apertures 226a and 226b.
  • some or all of apertures 226a-b may vary in size (e.g. , have different cross sectional areas), shape, and/or orientation to encourage a particular fluid distribution across matrixes 216a-c.
  • transition channels 224a fluidly connect portions of top manifold 222 corresponding to matrixes 216a and 216b.
  • transition channel 224b fluidly couples portions of top manifold 222 corresponding to matrixes 216b and 216c.
  • transition channels 224a and 224b may vary the fluid pressures across the three portions of top manifold 222 adjacent to matrixes 216a, 216b, and 216c during operation, so as to encourage a distribution of coolant that leads to a greater temperature uniformity.
  • the sizes of transition channels 224a and 224b may be the same in some implementations, and different in others. In this example, transition channels 224a may have a combined cross sectional area that is larger than the cross sectional area of transition channel 224b.
  • the present application contemplates the variation of aperture orientations by different angles, including more or less severe angles than those of apertures 226a and 226b, as well as distribution aperture angles pointing“away” from or toward the first end 202.
  • Fluid flow rates through particular apertures may be adjusted by changing the angles to increase and/or decrease the flow rate through those particular distribution apertures.
  • the cross sectional area of aperture 226b at its boundary with top manifold 222 is approximately the same as the cross sectional area of apertures 226a; however, the cross sectional area of aperture 226b widens along the positive y- direction, due to its angled wall.
  • An aperture with only one angled wall, as in aperture 226b, may also be used to increase or decrease fluid flow rates, depending on the particular implementation.
  • fluid flow rates across coolant channels within each matrix may not necessarily be even.
  • fluid velocities and/or pressures near transition channels 224a may be different from fluid velocities and/or pressures near transition channel 224b.
  • fluid pressures and velocities decrease around apertures toward second end 202.
  • FIG. 6A depicts a top plan view of middle plate 250.
  • a plurality of elongated ridges extend substantially between manifold side 206 and recirculation side 208 of middle plate 250.
  • Each ridge is hollow, such that the walls of the ridges facing the negative z-direction partially define a second set of channels, which includes channel 252.
  • spaces or“valleys” between each of the ridges partially define a first set of channels, including channel 254.
  • the first and second sets of channels are“interlaced” or alternating, to form a counter-flow arrangement.
  • FIG. 7A shows a top plan view of bottom plate 280.
  • Apertures 284 are spaced apart in a manner similar to that of apertures 226a and 226b, with distances between adjacent apertures 284 generally decreasing moving from second end 204 toward first end 202 for a given set of apertures 284 associated with a respective matrix.
  • bottom coolant manifold 282 of bottom plate 280 includes transition channels 285a and 285b, which are functionally similar to transition channels 224a and 224b in top manifold 222. Transition channels 285a and 285b may restrict the flow of coolant across bottom manifold 282, creating backpressures that in turn affects the distribution of coolant across cooling block 200.
  • a plurality of protrusions 283 are integrally formed within bottom manifold 282, which enhances the structural integrity of bottom manifold 282, as well as increases the turbulence of coolant flowing therethrough.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a detailed phantom perspective view, near first coolant port 210 of cooling block 200.
  • top plate 220 obscures middle plate 250, whereas on the right side of the drawing, middle plate 250 is shown.
  • first coolant port 210 defined by a boss engaged with sealing block 300 (which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 12A-12C)
  • sealing block 300 which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 12A-12C
  • top manifold 222 portions of that coolant flow through apertures 226, and into the first set of coolant channels, such as channel 254.
  • the coolant flow path may be designed to allow relative movement of cooling block 200, in a way that specifically seals sealing block 300 and the inlet rail 104 by way of boss 292 and bolt 290 in the x- and y-directions, without reducing the sealing and clamping forces in the z-direction.
  • FIG. 9B depicts a cross-sectional view of the first set of channels 254 and the second set of channels 252, taken along lines 9B-9B shown in FIG. 2.
  • middle plate 250 includes a set of ridges and “valleys,” or spaces between the ridges. The spaces between the ridges, in conjunction with top plate 220, form the first set of channels 254. Likewise, the area underneath the ridges, in conjunction with bottom plate 280, forms the second set of channels 252.
  • the middle plate may be shorter in length (in the y-direction) and terminate at or near the end of the elongated ridges, to provide an extended opening substantially spanning across the width (in the x- direction) of cooling block 200, so as to likewise enable recirculation of coolant.
  • a flanged region of top plate 220 extends along recirculation side 208, which is sealedly engaged to a flat portion of middle plate 250.
  • thermal gradient display 450 representing temperatures measured along top plate’s 220 cooling surfaces during a reverse-flow performance simulation, in which the direction of coolant flow was reversed compared to the simulation that produced gradient display 400.
  • Cooling block 200 shown and described herein was modeled in a computer aided design (CAD) program. A simulation was then performed, using parameters expected during operation of heat exchanger assembly 100 in a real world environment (e.g., between one and ten liters per minute, among other possible flow rates). The program also simulated heat-generating objects, which transferred heat into the simulated coolant.
  • CAD computer aided design
  • Gradient display 450 demonstrated that the example heat exchanger assembly 100 is not only capable of providing a suitable level of temperature regulation with coolant flowing from first coolant port 210 through toward second coolant port 218, but is also capable to providing a similar level of temperature regulation when coolant is flowing in the opposite direction.
  • the present application contemplates tuning the flow balancing features described herein, in both top manifold 222 and bottom manifold 282, to achieve even greater temperature uniformity, regardless of the direction in which coolant flows through cooling block 200.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur pour réguler la température d'objets comprenant deux orifices de fluide de refroidissement qui peuvent servir de façon interchangeable soit comme entrée de liquide de refroidissement, soit comme sortie de liquide de refroidissement. L'échangeur de chaleur comprend des plaques supérieure, intermédiaire et inférieure en prise étanche qui forment des passages distribuant un fluide de refroidissement à travers l'échangeur de chaleur. Un collecteur supérieur est formé entre les plaques supérieure et centrale et est couplé de manière fluidique à un premier orifice, tandis qu'un collecteur inférieur est formé entre les plaques inférieure et centrale et est couplé de manière fluidique à un second orifice. Les collecteurs supérieur et inférieur sont configurés de telle sorte que, pendant le fonctionnement, le fluide de refroidissement peut être dirigé du premier orifice au second orifice, ou vice versa, ce qui permet à l'échangeur de chaleur de fonctionner de manière bidirectionnelle, sans affecter matériellement les effets de régulation de température de l'échangeur de chaleur. De cette manière, la même construction d'échangeur de chaleur peut être utilisée dans de multiples orientations dans un système de gestion thermique.
PCT/EP2019/000088 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Échangeurs de chaleur permettant un écoulement de fluide bidirectionnel WO2020187382A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/000088 WO2020187382A1 (fr) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Échangeurs de chaleur permettant un écoulement de fluide bidirectionnel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/000088 WO2020187382A1 (fr) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Échangeurs de chaleur permettant un écoulement de fluide bidirectionnel

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WO2020187382A1 true WO2020187382A1 (fr) 2020-09-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4254604A1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-04 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif de plaque de refroidissement, système de batterie, véhicule électrique et procédé d'assemblage

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016109881A1 (fr) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Dana Canada Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à contre-courant pour applications de gestion thermique de batterie
WO2016168932A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Dana Canada Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à contre-courant pour applications de gestion thermique de batterie
WO2019046012A1 (fr) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-07 Modine Manufacturing Company Système de refroidissement de batterie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016109881A1 (fr) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Dana Canada Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à contre-courant pour applications de gestion thermique de batterie
WO2016168932A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Dana Canada Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à contre-courant pour applications de gestion thermique de batterie
WO2019046012A1 (fr) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-07 Modine Manufacturing Company Système de refroidissement de batterie

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4254604A1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-04 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif de plaque de refroidissement, système de batterie, véhicule électrique et procédé d'assemblage

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