WO2020185655A1 - Système de détection de fond de trou - Google Patents

Système de détection de fond de trou Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020185655A1
WO2020185655A1 PCT/US2020/021658 US2020021658W WO2020185655A1 WO 2020185655 A1 WO2020185655 A1 WO 2020185655A1 US 2020021658 W US2020021658 W US 2020021658W WO 2020185655 A1 WO2020185655 A1 WO 2020185655A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transceiver
transponder
piston
tool
downhole tool
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2020/021658
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Maria TAFUR
Arnaud Andre
Aleksandar Rudic
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Schlumberger Canada Limited
Services Petroliers Schlumberger
Schlumberger Technology B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schlumberger Technology Corporation, Schlumberger Canada Limited, Services Petroliers Schlumberger, Schlumberger Technology B.V. filed Critical Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Publication of WO2020185655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020185655A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085—Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells

Definitions

  • Gravel packs are used in wells for removing particulates from inflowing hydrocarbon fluids.
  • gravel packing is performed in long horizontal wells by pumping gravel suspended in a carrier fluid down the annulus between the wellbore and a screen assembly.
  • the carrier fluid is returned to the surface after depositing the gravel in the wellbore annulus.
  • the carrier fluid flows through the screen assembly, through base pipe perforations, and into a production tubing, which routes the returning carrier fluid back to the surface.
  • some applications utilize alternate path systems having various types of shunt tubes, which help distribute the gravel slurry.
  • inflow control devices have been combined with screen assemblies to provide control over the subsequent inflow of production fluids.
  • an APS-ICD (Alternate Path System - Inflow Control Device) downhole completions tool is a screened joint that may be used for (1) gravel packing, and (2) production.
  • the APS-ICD tool When the APS-ICD tool is in gravel packing mode, the surrounding annulus is packed with gravel that is pumped from surface. In the tool, the gravel flows through shunt tubes and nozzles to create an alternate flow path that bypasses sand bridges and fills in voids that may occur during the gravel pumping. To achieve the production of formation fluids, the gravel is dehydrated through the screened joint into drainage ports in the tool.
  • the APS-ICD tool transitions from gravel packing mode to production mode.
  • a piston mechanism seals the drainage ports in the tool, directing all formation fluids through inflow control devices. Because the transition from gravel packing mode to production mode is a critical operation of the APS-ICD tool, a system and method to confirm the sealing of the drainage ports of the tool is necessary to establish a successful transition from gravel packing mode to production mode.
  • a method includes periodically sending an interrogating signal to a transponder installed on a piston, the piston being configured to seal a drainage port of a downhole tool, shielding the transponder from the interrogating signal when the piston is in a first position, and transmitting the interrogating signal through a perforated metal medium to activate the transponder when the piston is in a second position.
  • a method includes coupling at least one transceiver and at least one transponder through a perforated metal medium.
  • a method includes conveying a downhole tool in a wellbore, the downhole tool comprising: a gravel packing mode, and a production mode, initiating a gravel packing operation when the downhole tool is in the gravel packing mode, completing the gravel packing operation, transitioning the downhole tool from the gravel packing mode to the production mode, and confirming that the downhole tool has transitioned from the gravel packing mode to the production mode.
  • a system includes at least one transponder, and at least one transceiver, wherein the at least one transceiver is coupled to the at least one transponder through a perforated metal medium.
  • FIG. 1(a) shows a downhole completions tool in a gravel packing configuration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1(b) shows a downhole completions tool in a production configuration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2(a) shows an application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in an initial position
  • FIG. 2(b) shows an application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in a final position
  • FIG. 3(a) shows an alternative application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in an initial position
  • FIG. 3(b) shows an alternative application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in a final position
  • FIG. 4(a) shows another alternative application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in an initial position
  • FIG. 4(b) shows another alternative application of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to a downhole completions tool in a final position
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a downhole detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) show an example of how a downhole detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure compares to an example of a prior art detection system
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a power train block diagram according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) show a schematic of a power source for a transceiver of the downhole detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure generally relates to a system and method for confirming a change in configuration or mode of a downhole completions tool. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a system and method for confirming a change of a hybrid APS- ICD system from a gravel packing configuration or mode to a production configuration or mode.
  • the system and method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may implement radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology.
  • RFID radio-frequency identification
  • the downhole completions tool is a hybrid APS-ICD system, in which inflow control devices are incorporated into an alternate path system.
  • the APS-ICD system may include a base pipe 10, a filter 12 disposed around the base pipe 10, and a drainage layer 14 disposed between the filter 12 and the base pipe 10.
  • the base pipe 10 may be a metal tubular member, and the filter 12 may be a screen or another type of filter medium, for example.
  • the base pipe 10 has two ends. At the first end, the base pipe 10 may include a coupling 16 for connecting to another screen assembly or another downhole completion tool, for example. Near the second end, the base pipe 10 may include at least one ICD 18 uphole of a high flow area 20 containing a plurality of perforations. In other embodiments, the at least one ICD 18 may also be disposed near the coupling 16 at the first end of the base pipe 10 without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the base pipe 10 may also include a dart housing 22 disposed around the second end. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the dart housing 22 may include at least one dart or piston 24, which is configured to seal at least one drainage port 26 contained within the dart housing 22.
  • the hybrid APS-ICD system is shown in a gravel packing configuration, which may be the run-in-hole configuration of this downhole completions tool.
  • the at least one dart 24 has not been activated, and as such, the at least one dart 24 does not seal the at least one drainage port 26 in the dart housing 22.
  • the carrier fluid from the gravel slurry returns through the filter 12, flows along the drainage layer 14 between the filter 12 and the base pipe 10, and into the dart housing 22.
  • the carrier fluid continues to flow through the at least one drainage port 26, through the plurality of perforations in the high flow area 20, and into the interior of the base pipe 10 for returning to the surface, via a wash pipe and service tool, and casing annulus, for example.
  • the hybrid APS-ICD system is in the gravel packing configuration, very little to no carrier fluid flows into the interior of the base pipe 10 via the at least one ICD 18 in the base pipe 10.
  • the hybrid APS-ICD system may transition from the gravel packing configuration shown in FIG. 1(a) to a production configuration (or intelligent flow management mode) shown in FIG. 1(b), according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the at least one dart 24 of the APS-ICD system may be activated hydraulically or mechanically, for example. Activation of the at least one dart 24 actuates the at least one dart 24 to shift and seal the at least one drainage port 26 in the dart housing 22, as shown in FIG. 1(b). Sealing of the at least one drainage port 26 by the at least one dart 24 causes the hybrid APS-ICD system to transition from the gravel packing configuration shown in FIG. 1(a) to the production configuration shown in FIG. 1(b).
  • the production configuration sealing of the at least one drainage port 26 by the at least one dart 24 isolates the high flow area 20 from the reservoir.
  • the produced fluid will enter through the filter 12, travel along the drainage layer 14 between the filter 12 and base pipe 10, into the at least one ICD 18, which maintains uniform inflow rates across the completed zones in the well, and into the interior of the base pipe 10 for returning to the surface.
  • the production fluid may flow into a conventional ICD, a ResCheck ICD, or an AICD, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • One or more embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to confirming a successful transition of the APS-ICD system from gravel packing mode to production mode. That is, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to confirming the sealing of the at least one drainage port 26 by the at least one dart 24 by detecting the position of one or more components of the dart 24 through holes or perforations in the tubular support, e.g., base pipe 10 of the filter 12.
  • the detection system includes a transmitter-receiver transceiver and a transmitter-responder transponder coupled through ports or holes radially perforated across the tubular-metal support, e.g., base pipe 10, of the filter 12 or screen.
  • the transponders, or tags may be installed in each dart 24 or piston of the APS-ICD tool (each screened joint may have two).
  • the transponders/tags may be installed in the wall of the base pipe 10 of the tool, in the wall of the dart housing 22, in an extension of the dart housing 22, or in a similar component surrounding the base pipe 10 of the tool.
  • the transponders/tags are detected, or not detected, by the transceiver, or reader, which confirms the position of the dart 24 or piston.
  • the non-detection happens when the tags are not aligned with the ports or holes in the tubular support or base pipe 10, in which case the metal shield of the tubular support obstructs the signal from the reader to the tags and vice versa.
  • the dart 24 or piston is in an initial position prior to being fully activated either hydraulically or mechanically, as previously described. Further, the dart 24 or piston is in a final position when the dart 24 or piston sealingly engages the drainage port 26 in the dart housing 22 of the tool.
  • FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show a single-read positive application of the detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transponders/tags 28 may be installed on a tip of the darts 24 or pistons, and the transceiver/reader 30 may be installed in a service tool (such as a washpipe), pipes, or other objects placed inside the APS-ICD tool.
  • FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) respectively show an initial and a final position of the dart 24 or piston.
  • the transponder/tag 28 is covered by the metal of the base pipe 10, and as such is not readable through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool.
  • the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool may be one of the perforations in the high flow area 20, or the hole 32 may be a perforation in the base pipe 10 that is outside the high flow area 20.
  • the transponder/tag 28 is exposed to the transceiver/reader 30 for detection through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool.
  • FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show a no-read positive application of the detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transponder/tag 28 may be installed in a wall of the base pipe 10 of the tool, in the wall of the dart housing 22, in an extension of the dart housing 22, or in a similar component surrounding the base pipe 10 of the tool, and the transceiver/reader 30 may be installed in a service tool (such as a washpipe), pipes, or other objects placed inside the APS-ICD tool.
  • a service tool such as a washpipe
  • 3(a) and 3(b) respectively show an initial and a final position of the dart 24 or piston.
  • the transponder/tag 28 installed in the wall of the base pipe 10 of the tool may be detected by the transceiver/reader 30.
  • the transponder/tag 28 installed in the wall of the base pipe 10 of the tool is shielded by the dart 24 or piston, and the transceiver/reader 30 cannot detect the transponder/tag 28 through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool.
  • FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) show a double-read positive application of the detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • first and second transponders/tags 28(a), 28(b) may be installed in parallel on a tip of the dart 24 or piston, and the transceiver/reader 30 may be installed in a service tool (such as a washpipe), pipes, or other objects placed inside the APS-ICD tool.
  • FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) respectively show an initial and a final position of the dart 24 or piston.
  • the first transponder/tag 28(a) is exposed to the transceiver/reader 30 for detection through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool, while the second transponder/tag 28(b) is shielded by the metal of the base pipe 10.
  • the second transponder/tag 28(b) is exposed to the transceiver/reader 30 for detection through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 of the tool, while the first transponder/tag 28(a) is shielded by the metal of the base pipe 10.
  • detecting that the first transponder/tag 28(a) is able to receive the interrogating signal from the transceiver/reader 30, as shown in FIG. 4(a) for example confirms that the dart 24 or piston is in the initial position, thereby confirming that the APS- ICD system is still in gravel packing mode, or at least is not in production mode.
  • detecting that the second transponder/tag 28(b) is able to receive the interrogating signal from the transceiver/reader 30, as shown in FIGS. 4(b) for example confirms that the dart 24 or piston is in the final position, thereby confirming a successful transition of the APS-ICD system from gravel packing mode to production mode in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the detection system may implement various coupling technologies when the transceiver/reader 30 transmits an interrogating signal through a hole 32 in the base pipe 10 to activate the transponder/tag 28.
  • the transceiver/reader 30 may be coupled to the transponder/tag 28 through the hole 32 in the base pipe 10 via inductive coupling or electromagnetic-wave wireless technology with corresponding communication protocols and platforms, such as automatic identification procedures (Auto-ID), RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, or WiFi, for example.
  • the system and method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may implement RFID technology.
  • the transceiver may be known as the reader, and the transponder may be known as the tag, as previously described.
  • the reader is active, periodically sending interrogating signals to passive tags that activate only when reached by a signal transmitted by the reader.
  • the tags then respond to the reader’s signal with their unique identification serial.
  • the reader stores the information received by the tags in a memory module accessible at surface and compatible with analog and digital data retrievers and processors in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the reader may be passive and the tags may be active, or both the reader and tags may be active without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a transceiver/reader 30 transmitting an interrogating signal through holes 32 in a metal medium such as a base pipe 10 to activate transponders/tags 28 installed on a tip of a dart 24 or piston, as previously described.
  • the transponders/tags 28 may be installed on the wall of the base pipe 10 instead of on the tip of the dart 24 or piston as previously described.
  • two transponders/tags 28 may be installed in parallel on the tip of the dart 24 or piston, as previously described.
  • the reader 30 couples with the tags 28 while continuously moving in proximity to the tags 28, and/or by stopping in proximity to the tags 28.
  • the tags 28 may remain stationary after the dart 24 or piston reaches the final position, which is the position where the dart 24 or piston sealingly engages the drainage port 26 in the dart housing 22 of the tool, as previously described.
  • the reader 30 may include an antenna wrapped around a service tool (such as the washpipe), pipes, or objects inside the APS-ICD tool, according to one or more embodiments.
  • a service tool such as the washpipe
  • Another configuration contemplates several antennas placed around the service tool (such as the washpipe), pipes, or objects in the APS-ICD tool. Either configuration allows the reader 30 to have a reading coverage of 360 degrees.
  • FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) an example of how a downhole detection system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure compares to an example of a prior art detection system is shown.
  • the transponder/tag may be embedded in a metal medium such as a base pipe.
  • a transceiver/reader transmits a signal to activate the embedded transponder/tag when the transceiver/reader comes in proximity to the embedded transponder/tag. That is, in the prior art detection system, the transceiver/reader does not transmit a signal through a hole in the metal medium to activate the embedded transponder/tag.
  • the transponder/tag 28 may be either axially or perpendicularly coupled to the transceiver/reader 30 when the transceiver/reader 30 transmits a signal through a hole 32 in the metal medium 10 to activate the transponder/tag 28 when the transceiver/reader 30 comes in proximity to transponder/tag 28.
  • the detection system includes active transceivers/readers 30, which activate passive transponders/tags 28 when in proximity to the passive transponders/tags 28.
  • the downhole detection system may be powered by a surface power source.
  • the active transceiver/reader 30 of the downhole detection system may be powered by a standalone energy container, such as a battery, or by a power generation system, which is capable of harvesting energy from subterranean sources coming from the formation and/or wellbore conditioning operations.
  • the passive transponder/tag 28 does not need a power source.
  • the active transceiver/reader 30 of the downhole detection system may be powered by a power generation system.
  • the power generation system may include a roto-dynamic element, such as a turbine or micro turbine, which is capable of harvesting energy from the pressure differential of circulating fluid passing through the roto-dynamic element.
  • the energy generated by the roto-dynamic element may be regulated and temporarily stored in a back-up battery, or similar energy storage element, attached to the transceiver/reader 30, for an on-demand energy architecture.
  • FIG. 7 an example of a power train block diagram corresponding to the power generation system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.
  • a roto-dynamic element which may be a turbine or a micro turbine, for example.
  • the energy generated by the roto-dynamic element may then be regulated by a regulator, such as a voltage regulator, for example.
  • the energy may then be temporarily stored in a back-up energy storage element attached to the transceiver/reader 30.
  • the back-up energy storage element may be omitted from the power generation system if fluid circulation is allowed while the transceiver/reader 30 needs to be active.
  • the energy may be transferred directly from the regulator to the transceiver/reader 30 for powering the active transceiver/reader 30.
  • FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) a schematic of a power source for a transceiver/reader 30 corresponding to the power train block diagram of FIG. 7 is shown according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8(a) shows the circulating fluid 34, roto-dynamic element 36, regulator 38, an optional back-up energy storage element 40, and the transceiver/reader 30, as previously described above.
  • FIG. 8(b) shows a blown-up view of the roto-dynamic element 36, which may be a turbine or micro turbine according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, as previously described.
  • the downhole detection system may be implemented in additional applications.
  • the downhole detection system may be integrated on washpipes and similar service tools as part of the lower completion service string, storing the data in a module within the tool.
  • inductive coupling through a perforated metal medium can be used for asset tracking, downhole activation, and asset-, service-, and wellbore-condition monitoring and communication between passive and active device.
  • the memory module of the downhole detection system may be expanded to be compatible with real-time telemetry systems.
  • the downhole detection system may be integrated in the operations of Thru-Bit, Coiled Tubing, and similar conveyance systems deployed in memory mode.
  • the downhole detection system may be deployed using Wireline (including Tractor conveyance system), Thru-Bit, Coiled Tubing, gravity-assisted, pressure- assisted, and flow-assisted methods, and similar conveyance systems for any extended reach or horizontal wells.
  • Wireline including Tractor conveyance system
  • Thru-Bit including Tractor conveyance system
  • Coiled Tubing including Graver conveyance system
  • gravity-assisted including Tractor conveyance system
  • pressure- assisted pressure- assisted
  • flow-assisted methods for any extended reach or horizontal wells.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé consistant : à envoyer périodiquement un signal d'interrogation à un transpondeur monté sur un piston, le piston étant configuré pour sceller un orifice de drainage d'un outil de fond de trou ; à blinder le transpondeur contre le signal d'interrogation lorsque le piston se trouve dans une première position ; et à transmettre le signal d'interrogation à travers un milieu métallique perforé afin d'activer le transpondeur lorsque le piston se trouve dans une deuxième position.
PCT/US2020/021658 2019-03-11 2020-03-09 Système de détection de fond de trou WO2020185655A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962816789P 2019-03-11 2019-03-11
US62/816,789 2019-03-11

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WO2020185655A1 true WO2020185655A1 (fr) 2020-09-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11111757B2 (en) 2017-03-16 2021-09-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and methodology for controlling fluid flow

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080053658A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Wesson David S Method and apparatus for selective down hole fluid communication
US20090101341A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Water Control Device Using Electromagnetics
US20110199228A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2011-08-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in Well Treatments
WO2012082304A2 (fr) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Système de transport autonome pour fond de puits
US20150034311A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2015-02-05 Bruce L. TUNGET Apparatus And Method Of Concentric Cement Bonding Operations Before And After Cementation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080053658A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Wesson David S Method and apparatus for selective down hole fluid communication
US20110199228A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2011-08-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in Well Treatments
US20090101341A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Water Control Device Using Electromagnetics
US20150034311A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2015-02-05 Bruce L. TUNGET Apparatus And Method Of Concentric Cement Bonding Operations Before And After Cementation
WO2012082304A2 (fr) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Système de transport autonome pour fond de puits

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11111757B2 (en) 2017-03-16 2021-09-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and methodology for controlling fluid flow

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