WO2020180097A1 - Codage vidéo ou d'image basé sur un codage intra-bloc - Google Patents

Codage vidéo ou d'image basé sur un codage intra-bloc Download PDF

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WO2020180097A1
WO2020180097A1 PCT/KR2020/003041 KR2020003041W WO2020180097A1 WO 2020180097 A1 WO2020180097 A1 WO 2020180097A1 KR 2020003041 W KR2020003041 W KR 2020003041W WO 2020180097 A1 WO2020180097 A1 WO 2020180097A1
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block
block vector
candidates
prediction
ibc
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PCT/KR2020/003041
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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남정학
임재현
장형문
김승환
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/132—Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to video or video coding based on intra block coding (IBC).
  • IBC intra block coding
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • AR Artificial Realtiy
  • high-efficiency video/video compression technology is required in order to effectively compress, transmit, store, and reproduce information of high-resolution, high-quality video/video having various characteristics as described above.
  • IBC intra block coding
  • a method and apparatus for increasing video/video coding efficiency is provided.
  • an efficient method and apparatus for applying filtering are provided.
  • an efficient method and apparatus for applying IBC is provided.
  • a method and apparatus for constructing a candidate list for IBC are provided.
  • a method and apparatus for inserting additional candidates into a candidate list for IBC are provided.
  • default block vector candidates may be inserted as additional candidates in an empty space of a candidate list for IBC.
  • a video/video decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus is provided.
  • a decoding apparatus for performing video/video decoding is provided.
  • a video/video encoding method performed by an encoding device is provided.
  • an encoding device that performs video/video encoding.
  • a computer-readable digital storage medium in which encoded video/image information generated according to the video/image encoding method disclosed in at least one of the embodiments of the present document is stored is provided.
  • encoded information causing to perform the video/image decoding method disclosed in at least one of the embodiments of the present document by a decoding device or a computer-readable digital storing encoded video/image information Provide a storage medium.
  • subjective/objective visual quality may be improved through efficient filtering.
  • predefined default block vector candidates may be inserted as additional candidates in a candidate list for IBC.
  • coding accuracy may be increased, an error rate may be decreased, and coding efficiency may be increased.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/video coding system to which embodiments of this document can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/video encoding apparatus to which embodiments of the present document can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/image decoding apparatus to which embodiments of the present document can be applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing a method of deriving motion information through an inter prediction mode.
  • 5 and 6 illustrate an image decoding method based on an IBC prediction mode and a prediction unit of a decoding apparatus that performs the same.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate an image encoding method based on an IBC prediction mode and a prediction unit of a decoding apparatus that performs the same.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 schematically illustrate an example of a video/video encoding method and related components according to the embodiment(s) of this document.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 schematically illustrate an example of a video/video decoding method and related components according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a content streaming system to which the embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
  • each of the components in the drawings described in this document is independently illustrated for convenience of description of different characteristic functions, and does not mean that each component is implemented as separate hardware or separate software.
  • two or more of the configurations may be combined to form one configuration, or one configuration may be divided into a plurality of configurations.
  • Embodiments in which each configuration is integrated and/or separated are also included in the scope of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/video coding system to which embodiments of this document can be applied.
  • a video/image coding system may include a first device (a source device) and a second device (a receiving device).
  • the source device may transmit the encoded video/image information or data in a file or streaming form to the receiving device through a digital storage medium or a network.
  • the source device may include a video source, an encoding device, and a transmission unit.
  • the receiving device may include a receiving unit, a decoding device, and a renderer.
  • the encoding device may be referred to as a video/image encoding device, and the decoding device may be referred to as a video/image decoding device.
  • the transmitter may be included in the encoding device.
  • the receiver may be included in the decoding device.
  • the renderer may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or an external component.
  • the video source may acquire a video/image through a process of capturing, synthesizing, or generating a video/image.
  • the video source may include a video/image capturing device and/or a video/image generating device.
  • the video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive including previously captured video/images, and the like.
  • the video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, a tablet and a smartphone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image.
  • a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer or the like, and in this case, a video/image capturing process may be substituted as a process of generating related data.
  • the encoding device may encode the input video/video.
  • the encoding apparatus may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and coding efficiency.
  • the encoded data (encoded image/video information) may be output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the transmission unit may transmit the encoded image/video information or data output in the form of a bitstream to the reception unit of the reception device through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming format.
  • Digital storage media may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
  • the transmission unit may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network.
  • the receiver may receive/extract the bitstream and transmit it to the decoding device.
  • the decoding device may decode the video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoding device.
  • the renderer can render the decoded video/video.
  • the rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.
  • This document is about video/image coding.
  • the method/embodiment disclosed in this document may be applied to a method disclosed in the VVC (versatile video coding) standard.
  • the method/embodiment disclosed in this document is an EVC (essential video coding) standard, AV1 (AOMedia Video 1) standard, AVS2 (2nd generation of audio video coding standard), or next-generation video/image coding standard (ex. H.267). or H.268, etc.).
  • a video may mean a set of a series of images over time.
  • a picture generally refers to a unit representing one image in a specific time period, and a slice/tile is a unit constituting a part of a picture in coding.
  • a slice/tile may include one or more coding tree units (CTU).
  • CTU coding tree units
  • One picture may be composed of one or more slices/tiles.
  • a tile is a rectangular region of CTUs within a particular tile column and a particular tile row in a picture.
  • the tile column is a rectangular region of CTUs, the rectangular region has a height equal to the height of the picture, and the width may be specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set (The tile column is a rectangular region of CTUs having a height equal to the height of the picture and a width specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set).
  • the tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs, the rectangular region has a width specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set, and a height may be the same as the height of the picture (The tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs having a height specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set and a width equal to the width of the picture).
  • a tile scan may represent a specific sequential ordering of CTUs that partition a picture, the CTUs may be sequentially arranged in a CTU raster scan in a tile, and tiles in a picture may be sequentially arranged in a raster scan of the tiles of the picture.
  • a tile scan is a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture in which the CTUs are ordered consecutively in CTU raster scan in a tile whereas tiles in a picture are ordered consecutively in a raster scan of the tiles of the picture).
  • a slice may include an integer number of complete tiles, which may be contained exclusively in a single NAL unit, or an integer number of consecutive complete CTU rows in a tile of a picture (A slice includes an integer number of complete tiles or an integer number of consecutive tiles). complete CTU rows within a tile of a picture that may be exclusively contained in a single NAL unit)
  • one picture may be divided into two or more subpictures.
  • the subpicture may be an rectangular region of one or more slices within a picture.
  • a pixel or pel may mean a minimum unit constituting one picture (or image).
  • sample' may be used as a term corresponding to a pixel.
  • a sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component.
  • a unit may represent a basic unit of image processing.
  • the unit may include at least one of a specific area of a picture and information related to the corresponding area.
  • One unit may include one luma block and two chroma (ex. cb, cr) blocks.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or an area depending on the case.
  • the MxN block may include samples (or sample arrays) consisting of M columns and N rows, or a set (or array) of transform coefficients.
  • a or B may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”.
  • a or B (A or B) may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”.
  • A, B or C (A, B or C) means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or "any and all combinations of A, B and C ( It can mean any combination of A, B and C)”.
  • a forward slash (/) or comma (comma) used in this document may mean “and/or”.
  • A/B can mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • A, B, C may mean "A, B or C”.
  • At least one of A and B may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” means “at least one A and B (at least one of A and B)" can be interpreted the same.
  • At least one of A, B and C means “only A”, “only B”, “only C", or "A, B and C May mean any combination of A, B and C”.
  • at least one of A, B or C (at least one of A, B or C) or “at least one of A, B and/or C (at least one of A, B and/or C)” It can mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
  • parentheses used in this document may mean “for example”. Specifically, when indicated as “prediction (intra prediction)", “intra prediction” may be proposed as an example of “prediction”. In other words, “prediction” in this document is not limited to “intra prediction”, and “intra prediction” may be suggested as an example of “prediction”. In addition, even when displayed as “prediction (ie, intra prediction)", “intra prediction” may be proposed as an example of "prediction”.
  • the encoding device may include an image encoding device and/or a video encoding device.
  • the encoding device 200 includes an image partitioner 210, a predictor 220, a residual processor 230, an entropy encoder 240, and It may be configured to include an adder 250, a filter 260, and a memory 270.
  • the prediction unit 220 may include an inter prediction unit 221 and an intra prediction unit 222.
  • the residual processing unit 230 may include a transform unit 232, a quantizer 233, an inverse quantizer 234, and an inverse transformer 235.
  • the residual processing unit 230 may further include a subtractor 231.
  • the addition unit 250 may be referred to as a reconstructor or a recontructged block generator.
  • the image segmentation unit 210, the prediction unit 220, the residual processing unit 230, the entropy encoding unit 240, the addition unit 250, and the filtering unit 260 described above may include one or more hardware components (for example, it may be configured by an encoder chipset or a processor).
  • the memory 270 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and may be configured by a digital storage medium.
  • the hardware component may further include the memory 270 as an internal/external component.
  • the image segmentation unit 210 may divide an input image (or picture, frame) input to the encoding apparatus 200 into one or more processing units.
  • the processing unit may be referred to as a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit is recursively divided according to the QTBTTT (Quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree) structure from a coding tree unit (CTU) or a largest coding unit (LCU).
  • QTBTTT Quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree
  • CTU coding tree unit
  • LCU largest coding unit
  • one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units of a deeper depth based on a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure, and/or a ternary structure.
  • a quad tree structure may be applied first, and a binary tree structure and/or a ternary structure may be applied later.
  • the binary tree structure may be applied first.
  • the coding procedure according to this document may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer divided. In this case, based on the coding efficiency according to the image characteristics, the maximum coding unit can be directly used as the final coding unit, or if necessary, the coding unit is recursively divided into coding units of lower depth to be optimal. A coding unit of the size of may be used as the final coding unit.
  • the coding procedure may include a procedure such as prediction, transformation, and restoration described later.
  • the processing unit may further include a prediction unit (PU) or a transform unit (TU).
  • the prediction unit and the transform unit may be divided or partitioned from the above-described final coding unit, respectively.
  • the prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction
  • the transform unit may be a unit for inducing a transform coefficient and/or a unit for inducing a residual signal from the transform coefficient.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or an area depending on the case.
  • the MxN block may represent a set of samples or transform coefficients consisting of M columns and N rows.
  • a sample may represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luminance component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a saturation component.
  • a sample may be used as a term corresponding to one picture (or image) as a pixel or pel.
  • the encoding apparatus 200 subtracts the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 221 or the intra prediction unit 222 from the input video signal (original block, original sample array) to make a residual.
  • a signal residual signal, residual block, residual sample array
  • a unit that subtracts the prediction signal (prediction block, prediction sample array) from the input image signal (original block, original sample array) in the encoder 200 may be referred to as a subtraction unit 231.
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on a block to be processed (hereinafter, referred to as a current block) and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied in units of the current block or CU.
  • the prediction unit may generate various information related to prediction, such as prediction mode information, as described later in the description of each prediction mode, and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the information on prediction may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the vicinity of the current block or may be located apart according to the prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (Planar mode).
  • the directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes according to a detailed degree of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and more or less directional prediction modes may be used depending on the setting.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block by using the prediction mode applied to the neighboring block.
  • the inter prediction unit 221 may derive a predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on a correlation between motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block existing in the reference picture.
  • the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be called a collocated reference block, a co-located CU (colCU), and the like, and a reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be referred to as a collocated picture (colPic).
  • the inter prediction unit 221 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and provides information indicating which candidate is used to derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block. Can be generated. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes.
  • the inter prediction unit 221 may use motion information of a neighboring block as motion information of a current block.
  • a residual signal may not be transmitted.
  • MVP motion vector prediction
  • the motion vector of the current block is calculated by using the motion vector of the neighboring block as a motion vector predictor and signaling a motion vector difference. I can instruct.
  • the prediction unit 220 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods to be described later.
  • the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction for prediction of one block, as well as simultaneously apply intra prediction and inter prediction. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP).
  • the prediction unit may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or a palette mode to predict a block.
  • IBC intra block copy
  • the IBC prediction mode or the palette mode may be used for content image/video coding such as a game, for example, screen content coding (SCC).
  • IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but can be performed similarly to inter prediction in that it derives a reference block in the current picture.
  • the IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document, and specifically, the IBC merge mode, the IBC (A)MVP mode, the IBC HMVP and/or the IBC pairwise average merge mode is IBC Can be applied for.
  • the palette mode can be viewed as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, a sample value in a picture may be signaled based on information about a palette table and a palette index.
  • the prediction signal generated through the prediction unit may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.
  • the transform unit 232 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal.
  • the transformation technique may include at least one of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Sine Transform (DST), Graph-Based Transform (GBT), or Conditionally Non-linear Transform (CNT).
  • DCT Discrete Cosine Transform
  • DST Discrete Sine Transform
  • GBT Graph-Based Transform
  • CNT Conditionally Non-linear Transform
  • GBT refers to the transformation obtained from this graph when the relationship information between pixels is expressed in a graph.
  • CNT refers to a transformation obtained based on generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels.
  • the conversion process may be applied to a pixel block having the same size of a square, or may be applied to a block having a variable size other than a square.
  • the quantization unit 233 quantizes the transform coefficients and transmits it to the entropy encoding unit 240, and the entropy encoding unit 240 encodes the quantized signal (information on quantized transform coefficients) and outputs it as a bitstream. have.
  • the information on the quantized transform coefficients may be called residual information.
  • the quantization unit 233 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in the form of blocks into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and the quantized transform coefficients in the form of the one-dimensional vector It is also possible to generate information about transform coefficients.
  • the entropy encoding unit 240 may perform various encoding methods such as exponential Golomb, context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
  • the entropy encoding unit 240 may encode together or separately information necessary for video/image reconstruction (eg, values of syntax elements) in addition to quantized transform coefficients.
  • the encoded information (ex. encoded image/video information) may be transmitted or stored in a bitstream format in units of network abstraction layer (NAL) units.
  • the image/video information may further include information on various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the image/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • information and/or syntax elements transmitted/signaled from the encoding device to the decoding device may be included in the image/video information.
  • the image/video information may be encoded through the above-described encoding procedure and included in the bitstream.
  • the bitstream may be transmitted through a network or may be stored in a digital storage medium.
  • the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
  • the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
  • a transmission unit for transmitting and/or a storage unit (not shown) for storing may be configured as an internal/external element of the encoding apparatus 200, or the transmission unit It may be included in the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 233 may be used to generate a prediction signal.
  • a residual signal residual block or residual samples
  • the addition unit 250 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the prediction signal output from the inter prediction unit 221 or the intra prediction unit 222 to obtain a reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array). Can be created.
  • the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the addition unit 250 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing target block in the current picture, and may be used for inter prediction of the next picture through filtering as described later.
  • LMCS luma mapping with chroma scaling
  • the filtering unit 260 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
  • the filtering unit 260 may apply various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture to generate a modified reconstructed picture, and the modified reconstructed picture may be converted to the memory 270, specifically, the DPB of the memory 270. Can be saved on.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the filtering unit 260 may generate a variety of filtering information and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 240 as described later in the description of each filtering method.
  • the filtering information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the modified reconstructed picture transmitted to the memory 270 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221.
  • the encoding device may avoid prediction mismatch between the encoding device 200 and the decoding device, and may improve encoding efficiency.
  • the memory 270 DPB may store the modified reconstructed picture for use as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221.
  • the memory 270 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or encoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that have already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transferred to the inter prediction unit 221 in order to be used as motion information of spatial neighboring blocks or motion information of temporal neighboring blocks.
  • the memory 270 may store reconstructed samples of reconstructed blocks in the current picture, and may be transmitted to the intra prediction unit 222.
  • the decoding device may include an image decoding device and/or a video decoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 includes an entropy decoder 310, a residual processor 320, a predictor 330, an adder 340, and a filtering unit. It may be configured to include (filter, 350) and memory (memoery) 360.
  • the prediction unit 330 may include an inter prediction unit 331 and an intra prediction unit 332.
  • the residual processing unit 320 may include a dequantizer 321 and an inverse transformer 321.
  • the entropy decoding unit 310, the residual processing unit 320, the prediction unit 330, the addition unit 340, and the filtering unit 350 described above are one hardware component (for example, a decoder chipset or a processor). ) Can be configured.
  • the memory 360 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and may be configured by a digital storage medium.
  • the hardware component may further include the memory 360 as an internal/external component.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may reconstruct an image in response to a process in which the image/video information is processed by the encoding device of FIG. 2. For example, the decoding apparatus 300 may derive units/blocks based on block division related information obtained from the bitstream.
  • the decoding device 300 may perform decoding using a processing unit applied in the encoding device.
  • the processing unit of decoding may be, for example, a coding unit, and the coding unit may be divided from a coding tree unit or a maximum coding unit along a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure and/or a ternary tree structure.
  • One or more transform units may be derived from the coding unit.
  • the reconstructed image signal decoded and output through the decoding device 300 may be reproduced through the playback device.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may receive a signal output from the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream, and the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 310.
  • the entropy decoding unit 310 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, image/video information) necessary for image restoration (or picture restoration).
  • the image/video information may further include information on various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the image/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • the decoding apparatus may further decode the picture based on the information on the parameter set and/or the general restriction information.
  • Signaled/received information and/or syntax elements described later in this document may be decoded through the decoding procedure and obtained from the bitstream.
  • the entropy decoding unit 310 decodes information in the bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC, and a value of a syntax element required for image restoration, a quantized value of a transform coefficient related to a residual. Can be printed.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method receives a bin corresponding to each syntax element in a bitstream, and includes information on a syntax element to be decoded and information on a neighboring and decoding target block or information on a symbol/bin decoded in a previous step.
  • a context model is determined using the context model, and a symbol corresponding to the value of each syntax element can be generated by performing arithmetic decoding of the bin by predicting the probability of occurrence of a bin according to the determined context model.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model using information of the decoded symbol/bin for the context model of the next symbol/bin after the context model is determined.
  • information about prediction is provided to a prediction unit (inter prediction unit 332 and intra prediction unit 331), and entropy decoding is performed by the entropy decoding unit 310.
  • the dual value that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the residual processing unit 320.
  • the residual processing unit 320 may derive a residual signal (a residual block, residual samples, and a residual sample array).
  • information about filtering among information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 310 may be provided to the filtering unit 350.
  • a receiver (not shown) for receiving a signal output from the encoding device may be further configured as an inner/outer element of the decoding device 300, or the receiver may be a component of the entropy decoding unit 310.
  • the decoding apparatus may be called a video/video/picture decoding apparatus, and the decoding apparatus can be divided into an information decoder (video/video/picture information decoder) and a sample decoder (video/video/picture sample decoder). May be.
  • the information decoder may include the entropy decoding unit 310, and the sample decoder includes the inverse quantization unit 321, an inverse transform unit 322, an addition unit 340, a filtering unit 350, and a memory 360. ), an inter prediction unit 332 and an intra prediction unit 331 may be included.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may inverse quantize the quantized transform coefficients and output transform coefficients.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in a two-dimensional block shape. In this case, the rearrangement may be performed based on the coefficient scan order performed by the encoding device.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may perform inverse quantization on quantized transform coefficients by using a quantization parameter (for example, quantization step size information) and obtain transform coefficients.
  • a quantization parameter for example, quantization step size information
  • the inverse transform unit 322 obtains a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array) by inverse transforming the transform coefficients.
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information about the prediction output from the entropy decoding unit 310, and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode.
  • the prediction unit 320 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods to be described later.
  • the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction for prediction of one block, as well as simultaneously apply intra prediction and inter prediction. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP).
  • the prediction unit may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or a palette mode to predict a block.
  • IBC intra block copy
  • the IBC prediction mode or the palette mode may be used for content image/video coding such as a game, for example, screen content coding (SCC).
  • IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but can be performed similarly to inter prediction in that it derives a reference block in the current picture.
  • the IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document, and specifically, the IBC merge mode, the IBC (A)MVP mode, the IBC HMVP and/or the IBC pairwise average merge mode is IBC Can be applied for.
  • the palette mode can be viewed as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, information about a palette table and a palette index may be included in the image/video information and signaled.
  • the intra prediction unit 331 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the vicinity of the current block or may be located apart according to the prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the intra prediction unit 331 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block by using the prediction mode applied to the neighboring block.
  • the inter prediction unit 332 may derive a predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on a correlation between motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block existing in the reference picture.
  • the inter prediction unit 332 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information.
  • Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes, and the information about the prediction may include information indicating a mode of inter prediction for the current block.
  • the addition unit 340 is reconstructed by adding the obtained residual signal to the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the prediction unit (including the inter prediction unit 332 and/or the intra prediction unit 331). Signals (restored pictures, reconstructed blocks, reconstructed sample arrays) can be generated. When there is no residual for a block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the addition unit 340 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing target block in the current picture, may be output through filtering as described later, or may be used for inter prediction of the next picture.
  • the filtering unit 350 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
  • the filtering unit 350 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and the modified reconstructed picture may be converted to the memory 360, specifically, the DPB of the memory 360. Can be transferred to.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the (modified) reconstructed picture stored in the DPB of the memory 360 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 332.
  • the memory 360 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or decoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that have already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 260 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
  • the memory 360 may store reconstructed samples of reconstructed blocks in the current picture, and may be transmitted to the intra prediction unit 331.
  • the embodiments described in the filtering unit 260, the inter prediction unit 221, and the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding apparatus 200 are respectively the filtering unit 350 and the inter prediction of the decoding apparatus 300.
  • the same or corresponding to the unit 332 and the intra prediction unit 331 may be applied.
  • a predicted block including prediction samples for a current block as a coding target block may be generated.
  • the predicted block includes prediction samples in the spatial domain (or pixel domain).
  • the predicted block is derived equally from the encoding device and the decoding device, and the encoding device decodes information (residual information) about the residual between the original block and the predicted block, not the original sample value of the original block itself.
  • Video coding efficiency can be improved by signaling to the device.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a residual block including residual samples based on the residual information, and generate a reconstructed block including reconstructed samples by summing the residual block and the predicted block. A reconstructed picture to be included can be generated.
  • the residual information may be generated through transformation and quantization procedures.
  • the encoding apparatus derives a residual block between the original block and the predicted block, and derives transform coefficients by performing a transformation procedure on residual samples (residual sample array) included in the residual block. And, by performing a quantization procedure on the transform coefficients, quantized transform coefficients may be derived, and related residual information may be signaled to a decoding apparatus (via a bitstream).
  • the residual information may include information such as value information of the quantized transform coefficients, position information, a transform technique, a transform kernel, and a quantization parameter.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform an inverse quantization/inverse transform procedure based on the residual information and derive residual samples (or residual blocks).
  • the decoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture based on the predicted block and the residual block.
  • the encoding apparatus may also inverse quantize/inverse transform quantized transform coefficients for reference for inter prediction of a picture to derive a residual block, and generate a reconstructed picture based on this.
  • Intra prediction may indicate prediction of generating prediction samples for a current block based on reference samples in a picture (hereinafter, referred to as a current picture) to which the current block belongs.
  • a current picture a picture to which the current block belongs.
  • surrounding reference samples to be used for intra prediction of the current block may be derived.
  • the neighboring reference samples of the current block are a sample adjacent to the left boundary of the current block of size nWxnH, a total of 2xnH samples adjacent to the bottom-left, and a sample adjacent to the top boundary of the current block. And a total of 2xnW samples adjacent to the top-right side and one sample adjacent to the top-left side of the current block.
  • the peripheral reference samples of the current block may include a plurality of columns of upper peripheral samples and a plurality of rows of left peripheral samples.
  • the neighboring reference samples of the current block are a total of nH samples adjacent to the right boundary of the current block of size nWxnH, a total of nW samples adjacent to the bottom boundary of the current block, and the lower right side of the current block. It may include one sample adjacent to (bottom-right).
  • the decoder may construct neighboring reference samples to be used for prediction by substituting samples that are not available with available samples.
  • surrounding reference samples to be used for prediction may be configured through interpolation of available samples.
  • a prediction sample can be derived based on an average or interpolation of neighboring reference samples of the current block, and (ii) neighboring reference samples of the current block Among them, the prediction sample may be derived based on a reference sample existing in a specific (prediction) direction with respect to the prediction sample.
  • the case of (i) may be referred to as a non-directional mode or a non-angular mode, and the case of (ii) may be referred to as a directional mode or an angular mode.
  • the prediction sample may be generated through interpolation.
  • LIP linear interpolation intra prediction
  • chroma prediction samples may be generated based on luma samples using a linear model. This case may be referred to as LM mode.
  • a temporary prediction sample of the current block is derived based on the filtered surrounding reference samples, and at least one of the existing surrounding reference samples, that is, unfiltered surrounding reference samples, derived according to the intra prediction mode.
  • a prediction sample of the current block may be derived by weighted sum of a reference sample and the temporary prediction sample. The above case may be referred to as PDPC (Position dependent intra prediction).
  • a reference sample line with the highest prediction accuracy is selected among the neighboring multi-reference sample lines of the current block, and a prediction sample is derived from the reference sample located in the prediction direction from the line, and the used reference sample line is decoded.
  • Intra prediction coding may be performed by instructing (signaling) the device. The above-described case may be referred to as multi-reference line intra prediction or MRL-based intra prediction.
  • intra prediction is performed based on the same intra prediction mode, and neighboring reference samples may be derived and used in units of the subpartition. That is, in this case, the intra prediction mode for the current block is equally applied to the subpartitions, but by deriving and using neighboring reference samples in units of the subpartitions, intra prediction performance may be improved in some cases.
  • This prediction method may be referred to as intra-prediction based on ISP (intra sub-partitions).
  • the above-described intra prediction methods may be referred to as an intra prediction type in distinction from the intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction type may be referred to as various terms such as an intra prediction technique or an additional intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction type (or additional intra prediction mode, etc.) may include at least one of the aforementioned LIP, PDPC, MRL, and ISP.
  • a general intra prediction method excluding specific intra prediction types such as LIP, PDPC, MRL, and ISP may be referred to as a normal intra prediction type.
  • the normal intra prediction type may be generally applied when the specific intra prediction type as described above is not applied, and prediction may be performed based on the aforementioned intra prediction mode. Meanwhile, post-processing filtering may be performed on the derived prediction samples as necessary.
  • the intra prediction procedure may include determining an intra prediction mode/type, deriving a neighboring reference sample, and deriving an intra prediction mode/type based prediction sample. Also, a post-filtering step may be performed on the derived prediction samples as necessary.
  • an intra prediction mode applied to the current block may be determined using an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block.
  • the decoding apparatus receives one of the MPM candidates in the most probable mode (MPM) list derived based on the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block (ex. left and/or upper neighboring block) of the current block and additional candidate modes.
  • the selected MPM index may be selected, or one of the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the MPM candidates (and the planner mode) may be selected based on the remaining intra prediction mode information.
  • the MPM list may be configured to include or not include a planner mode as a candidate.
  • the MPM list when the MPM list includes a planner mode as candidates, the MPM list may have 6 candidates, and when the MPM list does not include a planner mode as candidates, the MPM list has 5 candidates. I can.
  • a not planar flag (ex. intra_luma_not_planar_flag) indicating whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is not a planar mode may be signaled.
  • the MPM flag may be signaled first, and the MPM index and the not planner flag may be signaled when the value of the MPM flag is 1.
  • the MPM index may be signaled when the value of the not planner flag is 1.
  • the MPM list is configured not to include a planar mode as a candidate, rather than that the planner mode is not an MPM, the planar mode is signaled first by signaling a not planar flag because the planar mode is always considered as MPM. This is to first check whether or not.
  • the intra prediction mode applied to the current block is among the MPM candidates (and planner mode) or the remaining mode may be indicated based on the MPM flag (ex. intra_luma_mpm_flag).
  • a value of 1 of the MPM flag may indicate that the intra prediction mode for the current block is within MPM candidates (and planner mode), and a value of 0 of the MPM flag indicates that the intra prediction mode for the current block is MPM candidates (and planner mode). ) Can indicate not within.
  • the not planar flag (ex. intra_luma_not_planar_flag) value 0 may indicate that the intra prediction mode for the current block is a planar mode, and the not planner flag value 1 indicates that the intra prediction mode for the current block is not a planar mode. I can.
  • the MPM index may be signaled in the form of an mpm_idx or intra_luma_mpm_idx syntax element, and the remaining intra prediction mode information may be signaled in the form of rem_intra_luma_pred_mode or intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element.
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information may indicate one of all intra prediction modes by indexing the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the MPM candidates (and the planar mode) in the order of prediction mode numbers.
  • the intra prediction mode may be an intra prediction mode for a luma component (sample).
  • the intra prediction mode information includes the MPM flag (ex. intra_luma_mpm_flag), the not planar flag (ex.
  • intra_luma_not_planar_flag the MPM index
  • the MPM index (ex. mpm_idx or intra_luma_mpm_idx)
  • the remaining intra prediction mode information rem_intra_remainder_mpm_mainder_). It may include at least one.
  • the MPM list may be referred to in various terms such as an MPM candidate list and candModeList.
  • the encoder can use the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block to encode the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the encoder/decoder can construct a list of most probable modes (MPM) for the current block.
  • the MPM list may also be referred to as an MPM candidate list.
  • MPM may mean a mode used to improve coding efficiency in consideration of similarity between a current block and a neighboring block during intra prediction mode coding.
  • the MPM list may be configured including a planner mode, or may be configured excluding a planner mode. For example, when the MPM list includes a planner mode, the number of candidates in the MPM list may be six. In addition, when the MPM list does not include the planner mode, the number of candidates in the MPM list may be five.
  • the encoder/decoder can configure an MPM list including 5 or 6 MPMs.
  • three types of modes can be considered: default intra modes, neighbor intra modes, and derived intra modes.
  • two neighboring blocks that is, a left neighboring block and an upper neighboring block may be considered.
  • the planar mode is excluded from the list, and the number of MPM list candidates may be set to five.
  • non-directional mode (or non-angular mode) of the intra prediction modes may include a DC mode based on an average of neighboring reference samples of the current block or a planar mode based on interpolation. have.
  • the prediction unit of the encoding device/decoding device may derive a prediction sample by performing inter prediction in block units.
  • Inter prediction may represent a prediction derived in a method dependent on data elements (ex. sample values or motion information) of a picture(s) other than the current picture (Inter prediction can be a prediction derived in a manner that is dependent on data elements (ex. sample values or motion information) of picture(s) other than the current picture).
  • a predicted block (prediction sample array) for the current block is derived based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on a reference picture indicated by a reference picture index. I can.
  • motion information of the current block may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on correlation between motion information between neighboring blocks and current blocks.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction type (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block existing in the reference picture.
  • the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be called a collocated reference block, a co-located CU (colCU), and the like, and a reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be referred to as a collocated picture (colPic).
  • a motion information candidate list may be constructed based on neighboring blocks of the current block, and a flag indicating which candidate is selected (used) to derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block Alternatively, index information may be signaled.
  • Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the case of a skip mode and a merge mode, motion information of a current block may be the same as motion information of a selected neighboring block.
  • a residual signal may not be transmitted.
  • a motion vector prediction (MVP) mode a motion vector of a selected neighboring block is used as a motion vector predictor, and a motion vector difference may be signaled.
  • the motion vector of the current block may be derived by using the sum of the motion vector predictor and the motion vector difference.
  • the motion information may include L0 motion information and/or L1 motion information according to an inter prediction type (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.).
  • the motion vector in the L0 direction may be referred to as an L0 motion vector or MVL0
  • the motion vector in the L1 direction may be referred to as an L1 motion vector or MVL1.
  • the prediction based on the L0 motion vector may be referred to as L0 prediction
  • the prediction based on the L1 motion vector may be referred to as the L1 prediction
  • the prediction based on both the L0 motion vector and the L1 motion vector may be referred to as a pair (Bi) prediction.
  • I can.
  • the motion vector L0 may represent a motion vector associated with the reference picture list L0 (L0), and the motion vector L1 may represent a motion vector associated with the reference picture list L1 (L1).
  • the reference picture list L0 may include pictures prior to the current picture in output order as reference pictures, and the reference picture list L1 may include pictures after the current picture in output order.
  • the previous pictures may be referred to as forward (reference) pictures, and the subsequent pictures may be referred to as reverse (reference) pictures.
  • the reference picture list L0 may further include pictures later in output order than the current picture as reference pictures. In this case, the previous pictures in the reference picture list L0 may be indexed first, and the subsequent pictures may be indexed next.
  • the reference picture list L1 may further include pictures preceding the current picture in an output order as reference pictures.
  • the subsequent pictures in the reference picture list 1 may be indexed first, and the previous pictures may be indexed next.
  • the output order may correspond to a picture order count (POC) order.
  • POC picture order count
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing a method of deriving motion information through an inter prediction mode.
  • a merge mode a motion vector prediction (MVP) mode (or advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP)), a pairwise average merge mode, and a history-based MVP (HMVP) mode will be described.
  • MVP motion vector prediction
  • AMVP advanced motion vector prediction
  • HMVP history-based MVP
  • motion information of the current prediction block is not directly transmitted, and motion information of the current prediction block is derived using motion information of a neighboring prediction block. Accordingly, the motion information of the current prediction block can be indicated by transmitting flag information indicating that the merge mode has been used and a merge index indicating which prediction block is used.
  • the encoder In order to perform the merge mode, the encoder must search for a merge candidate block used to derive motion information of the current prediction block. For example, up to five merge candidate blocks may be used, but this document is not limited thereto.
  • the maximum number of merge candidate blocks may be transmitted in a slice header, a tile group header, or a parameter set (eg, sequence parameter set (SPS)), and this document is not limited thereto.
  • the encoder may generate a merge candidate list and select a merge candidate block having the lowest cost among them as a final merge candidate block.
  • This document provides various embodiments of merge candidate blocks constituting the merge candidate list.
  • the merge candidate list may use, for example, five merge candidate blocks. For example, four spatial merge candidates and one temporal merge candidate can be used. As a specific example, in the case of a spatial merge candidate, the blocks shown in FIG. 4 may be used as spatial merge candidates.
  • the merge candidate list for the current block may be configured based on the following procedure, for example.
  • the coding apparatus inserts the derived spatial merge candidates into the merge candidate list by searching for spatial neighboring blocks of the current block.
  • the spatial surrounding blocks may include a block around a lower left corner, a block around a left side, a block around an upper right corner, a block around an upper side, and blocks around an upper left corner of the current block.
  • additional neighboring blocks such as a right peripheral block, a lower peripheral block, and a right lower peripheral block may be used as spatial neighboring blocks.
  • the coding apparatus may detect available blocks by searching the spatial neighboring blocks based on priority, and derive motion information of the detected blocks as the spatial merge candidates. For example, the encoder and decoder may search the five blocks shown in FIG. 4 in order of A1, B1, B0, A0, and B2, and sequentially index available candidates to form a merge candidate list.
  • the coding apparatus inserts a temporal merge candidate derived by searching for a temporal neighboring block of the current block into the merge candidate list.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be located on a reference picture that is a picture different from the current picture in which the current block is located.
  • the reference picture in which the temporal neighboring block is located may be referred to as a collocated picture or a col picture.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be searched in an order of a lower right corner neighboring block and a lower right center block of a co-located block with respect to the current block on the col picture. Meanwhile, when motion data compression is applied, specific motion information may be stored as representative motion information for each predetermined storage unit in the col picture.
  • the predetermined storage unit may be predetermined, for example, in a 16x16 sample unit or an 8x8 sample unit, or size information on the predetermined storage unit may be signaled from an encoder to a decoder.
  • motion information of the temporal neighboring block may be replaced with representative motion information of the predetermined storage unit in which the temporal neighboring block is located.
  • the temporal merge candidate may be derived based on motion information of a covered prediction block.
  • the predetermined storage unit is a 2nx2n sample unit
  • the modified positions ((xTnb>>n) ⁇ n), (yTnb>>) Motion information of the prediction block located at n) ⁇ n)
  • the predetermined storage unit is a 16x16 sample unit
  • the modified positions ((xTnb>>4) ⁇ 4), (yTnb
  • the motion information of the prediction block located at >>4) ⁇ 4) may be used for the temporal merge candidate.
  • the predetermined storage unit is an 8x8 sample unit
  • the coordinates of the temporal neighboring block are (xTnb, yTnb)
  • the modified positions ((xTnb>>3) ⁇ 3), (yTnb> Motion information of the prediction block located at >3) ⁇ 3)) may be used for the temporal merge candidate.
  • the coding apparatus may check whether the number of current merge candidates is less than the maximum number of merge candidates (the maximum number of candidates included in the merge candidate list).
  • the number of the maximum merge candidates may be predefined or signaled from an encoder to a decoder (eg, through a tile group header or SPS).
  • the encoder may generate information on the maximum number of merge candidates (the maximum number of candidates included in the merge candidate list), encode, and transmit the information to the decoder in the form of a bitstream.
  • a subsequent candidate addition process may not be performed.
  • the coding apparatus inserts an additional merge candidate into the merge candidate list.
  • the additional merge candidate may include, for example, ATMVP, a combined bi-predictive merge candidate (when the slice/tile group type of the current slice/tile group is B type) and/or a zero vector merge candidate.
  • the coding apparatus may terminate the configuration of the merge candidate list.
  • the encoder may select an optimal merge candidate among merge candidates constituting the merge candidate list based on RD (rate-distortion) cost, and signals selection information (ex. merge index) indicating the selected merge candidate to the decoder. can do.
  • the decoder may select the optimal merge candidate based on the merge candidate list and the selection information.
  • the motion information of the selected merge candidate may be used as motion information of the current block, and prediction samples of the current block may be derived based on the motion information of the current block.
  • the encoder may derive residual samples of the current block based on the prediction samples, and may signal residual information about the residual samples to a decoder.
  • the decoder may generate reconstructed samples based on the residual samples and the prediction samples derived based on the residual information and generate a reconstructed picture based on the residual samples.
  • motion information of the current block may be derived in the same manner as in the case where the merge mode is applied previously.
  • the skip mode when the skip mode is applied, the residual signal for the corresponding block is omitted, and thus prediction samples can be directly used as reconstructed samples.
  • a motion vector of a reconstructed spatial neighboring block (for example, it may be a neighboring block in FIG. 4) and/or a motion vector corresponding to a temporal neighboring block (or Col block)
  • a motion vector predictor (mvp) candidate list may be generated. That is, a motion vector of the reconstructed spatial neighboring block and/or a motion vector corresponding to the temporal neighboring block may be used as a motion vector predictor candidate.
  • an mvp candidate list for deriving L0 motion information and an mvp candidate list for deriving L1 motion information may be separately generated and used.
  • the above-described prediction information may include selection information (ex. MVP flag or MVP index) indicating an optimal motion vector predictor candidate selected from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the list.
  • the prediction unit may select a motion vector predictor of the current block from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the motion vector candidate list using the selection information.
  • the prediction unit of the encoding apparatus may obtain a motion vector difference (MVD) between the motion vector of the current block and the motion vector predictor, encode the motion vector, and output the result in the form of a bitstream. That is, MVD may be obtained by subtracting the motion vector predictor from the motion vector of the current block.
  • MVP flag or MVP index an optimal motion vector predictor candidate selected from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the list.
  • the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain a motion vector difference included in the prediction information, and derive the motion vector of the current block by adding the motion vector difference and the motion vector predictor.
  • the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain or derive a reference picture index indicating a reference picture from the prediction information.
  • a history-based MVP (HMVP) merge candidate may be added to a merge list after spatial MVP and TMVP are inserted.
  • motion information of the previously coded block is stored in a table and used as an MVP for the current CU.
  • a table including several HMVP candidates is maintained during the encoding/decoding procedure. When a new CTU row is found, the table can be reset (ex.emptied). For inter-coded CUs that are not sub-blocks, related motion information is added to the last entry of the table as a new HMVP candidate.
  • the HMVP table size S may be set to 6, which indicates that up to 6 HMVP (history-based MVP) candidates can be added to the table.
  • HMVP history-based MVP
  • a restricted first-in, first-out (constrained FIFO) rule is used, where a duplicate check is applied to find out whether there is the same HMVP in the table. If the same HMVP is found, it is removed from the table and afterwards all HMVP candidates can move forward.
  • HMVP candidates can be used in the merge candidate list construction procedure.
  • the latest several HMVP candidates in the table are checked in order and inserted to the candidate list after the TMVP candidate.
  • the redundancy check is applied to the spatial or temporal merge candidate in the HMVP candidate.
  • pairwise average candidates are generated by averaging a pair of predefined candidates from an existing merge candidate list, and the predefined pairs are ⁇ (0 , 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (0, 3), (1, 3), (2, 3) ⁇ .
  • the numbers represent merge indices for the merge candidate list.
  • the averaged omnidirectional vectors are calculated separately for each reference list. When two motion vectors are available in one list, the two motion vectors can be averaged even if they point to different reference pictures. When only one motion vector is available, one motion vector can be used directly. If there are no motion vectors available, the list is treated as invalid.
  • a zero MVP may be inserted into the list until the maximum number of merge candidates is reached.
  • the IBC may be used for content image/movie coding such as games, such as, for example, screen content coding (SCC).
  • the IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but may be performed similarly to inter prediction in that it derives a reference block in the current picture. That is, the IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document.
  • the IBC may use at least one of the above-described motion information (motion vector) derivation methods may be used.
  • the IBC may refer to the current picture, and thus may be referred to as CPR (current picture referencing).
  • a motion vector motion information
  • a block vector (substitute or mixed).
  • the encoding apparatus may derive an optimal block vector (or motion vector) for the current block (ex. CU) by performing block matching (BM).
  • the derived block vector (or motion vector) may be signaled to a decoding apparatus through a bitstream using a method similar to signaling of block information (motion information) in the above-described inter prediction.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a reference block for the current block in a current picture through the signaled block vector (motion vector), and through this, a prediction signal (predicted block or prediction samples) for the current block.
  • the block vector (or motion vector) may represent a displacement from a current block to a reference block located in an already reconstructed area in the current picture.
  • the block vector (or motion vector) may be called a displacement vector.
  • the motion vector may correspond to the block vector or the displacement vector.
  • the motion vector of the current block may include a motion vector for a luma component (a luma motion vector) or a motion vector for a chroma component (a chroma motion vector).
  • the luma motion vector for the IBC coded CU may be in integer sample units (ie, integer precision).
  • the chroma motion vector can also be clipped in units of integer samples.
  • IBC may use at least one of inter prediction techniques. For example, when IBC is applied like AMVR, 1-pel and 4-pel motion vector precision may be switched.
  • hash-based motion estimation is performed for the IBC.
  • the encoder performs RD checks on blocks whose width or height is not greater than 16 luma samples. For non-merging mode, block vector search is first performed using a hash-based search. If the hash search does not return a valid candidate, a local search based on block matching is performed.
  • hash key matching 32-bit CRC
  • hash key matching 32-bit CRC
  • the calculation of hash keys for all locations in the current picture is based on 4x4 subblocks. For a larger sized current block, it is determined that the hash key matches the hash key of the reference block when all the hash keys of all 4 ⁇ 4 sub-blocks match the hash key of the corresponding reference position. If the hash keys of multiple reference blocks are found to match the hash keys of the current block, the block vector cost of each matched reference is calculated and the block vector cost with the minimum cost is selected.
  • the search range is set to N samples at the left and top of the current block within the current CTU.
  • N At the beginning of the CTU, if there is no temporal reference picture, the value of N is initialized to 128, and if there is at least one temporal reference picture, it is initialized to 64.
  • the hash hit rate is defined as the percentage of samples in the CTU that find a match using hash-based search. If the hash hit rate is less than 5% while encoding the current CTU, N is halved.
  • the IBC mode is signaled with flag information (e.g., flag information indicating whether to apply IBC, pred_mode_ibc_flag), and may be signaled in IBC AMVP mode or IBC skip/merge mode as follows.
  • flag information e.g., flag information indicating whether to apply IBC, pred_mode_ibc_flag
  • the merge candidate index is used to indicate which block vector of the list is used to predict the current block from the adjacent candidate IBC coded block.
  • the merge candidate list consists of spatial, HMVP, and/or pairwise candidates.
  • the block vector difference is coded in the same way as the motion vector difference.
  • the block vector prediction method uses two candidates as predictors, one from the left neighbor and one from the upper neighbor (if IBC coded). If the neighbor cannot be used, the basic block vector is used as a predictor variable. In addition, a flag indicating the block vector predictor index is signaled.
  • 5 and 6 illustrate an image decoding method based on an IBC prediction mode and a prediction unit of a decoding apparatus that performs the same.
  • the encoding device performs IBC prediction (IBC-based prediction) on the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive a prediction mode and a motion vector of the current block and generate prediction samples of the current block.
  • the prediction mode may include at least one of the above-described inter prediction modes as prediction modes for the IBC.
  • a procedure for determining a prediction mode, deriving a motion vector, and generating prediction samples may be performed simultaneously, or one procedure may be performed prior to another procedure.
  • the prediction unit of the encoding apparatus may include a prediction mode determination unit, a motion vector derivation unit, and a prediction sample derivation unit.
  • the prediction mode determination unit determines a prediction mode for the current block, and the motion vector derivation unit
  • a motion vector of the current block may be derived, and prediction samples of the current block may be derived by a prediction sample derivation unit.
  • the prediction unit of the encoding apparatus searches for a block similar to the current block in a reconstructed area of the current picture (or a predetermined area (search area) of the reconstructed area) through block matching (BM), and the current block It is possible to derive a reference block with a difference between and below a minimum or a certain standard.
  • a motion vector may be derived based on a difference in displacement between the reference block and the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine a mode applied to the current block among various prediction modes.
  • the encoding apparatus may compare RD cost based on the various prediction modes and determine an optimal prediction mode for the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus configures the above-described merge candidate list, and is among the reference blocks indicated by merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. It is possible to derive a reference block whose difference from the current block is less than a minimum or a predetermined standard. In this case, a merge candidate associated with the derived reference block is selected, and merge index information indicating the selected merge candidate may be generated and signaled to the decoding apparatus.
  • the motion vector of the current block may be derived by using the motion vector of the selected merge candidate.
  • the encoding device configures the above-described (A)MVP candidate list, and among the mvp (motion vector predictor) candidates included in the (A)MVP candidate list
  • the motion vector of the selected mvp candidate may be used as the mvp of the current block.
  • a motion vector indicating a reference block derived by the above-described motion estimation may be used as a motion vector of the current block, and among the mvp candidates, the difference between the motion vector of the current block is the smallest.
  • An mvp candidate having a motion vector may be the selected mvp candidate.
  • a motion vector difference (MVD) which is a difference obtained by subtracting the mvp from the motion vector of the current block may be derived. In this case, information about the MVD may be signaled to the decoding device.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive residual samples based on the prediction samples.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive the residual samples by comparing the original samples of the current block with the prediction samples.
  • the encoding device encodes video information including prediction information and residual information.
  • the encoding device may output the encoded image information in the form of a bitstream.
  • the prediction information is information related to the prediction procedure and may include prediction mode information (eg, skip flag, merge flag or mode index, etc.) and information on a motion vector.
  • the information on the motion vector may include candidate selection information (eg, merge index, mvp flag or mvp index) that is information for deriving a motion vector.
  • the information on the motion vector may include information on the above-described MVD.
  • the information on the motion vector may include information indicating whether L0 prediction, L1 prediction, or bi prediction is applied.
  • the residual information is information on the residual samples.
  • the residual information may include information on quantized transform coefficients for the residual samples.
  • the output bitstream may be stored in a (digital) storage medium and transmitted to a decoding device, or may be transmitted to a decoding device through a network.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture (including reconstructed samples and a reconstructed block) based on the reference samples and the residual samples. This is because the encoding device derives the same prediction result as that performed in the decoding device, and coding efficiency can be improved through this. Accordingly, the encoding apparatus may store the reconstructed area (or reconstructed samples, reconstructed block) of the current picture in a memory and use it as a reference picture for IBC prediction.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate an image encoding method based on an IBC prediction mode and a prediction unit of a decoding apparatus that performs the same.
  • the decoding device may perform an operation corresponding to the operation performed by the encoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform IBC prediction on the current block and derive prediction samples based on the received prediction information.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine a prediction mode for the current block based on the received prediction information.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine which prediction mode is applied to the current block based on prediction mode information in the prediction information.
  • the merge mode may be applied to the current block or (A)MVP mode is determined based on the merge flag.
  • one of various prediction mode candidates may be selected based on the mode index.
  • the prediction mode candidates may include a skip mode, a merge mode, and/or (A)MVP mode, or may include various prediction modes described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the decoding apparatus derives a motion vector of the current block based on the determined prediction mode. For example, when a skip mode or a merge mode is applied to the current block, the decoding apparatus may configure the above-described merge candidate list and select one merge candidate from among merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. The selection may be performed based on the above-described selection information (merge index).
  • the motion vector of the current block may be derived by using the motion vector of the selected merge candidate.
  • the motion vector of the selected merge candidate may be used as a motion vector of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus configures the above-described (A)MVP candidate list, and among the mvp (motion vector predictor) candidates included in the (A)MVP candidate list
  • the motion vector of the selected mvp candidate may be used as the mvp of the current block.
  • the selection may be performed based on the above-described selection information (mvp flag or mvp index).
  • the MVD of the current block may be derived based on the information on the MVD, and a motion vector of the current block may be derived based on the mvp of the current block and the MVD.
  • motion information of the current block may be derived without configuring a candidate list.
  • a motion vector of the current block may be derived according to a procedure disclosed in a corresponding prediction mode.
  • the configuration of the candidate list as described above may be omitted.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate prediction samples for the current block based on the motion vector of the current block. Predictive samples of the current block may be derived using samples of a reference block indicated by the motion vector of the current block on the current picture. In this case, a prediction sample filtering procedure may be further performed on all or part of the prediction samples of the current block.
  • the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may include a prediction mode determiner, a motion vector derivation unit, and a prediction sample derivation unit, and determines a prediction mode for the current block based on prediction mode information received from the prediction mode determination unit.
  • a motion vector of the current block may be derived based on information on a motion vector received by a motion vector derivation unit, and prediction samples of the current block may be derived by a prediction sample derivation unit.
  • the decoding apparatus generates residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate reconstructed samples for the current block based on the prediction samples and the residual samples, and generate a reconstructed picture based on the prediction samples. Thereafter, as described above, an in-loop filtering procedure or the like may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.
  • Examples of the merge mode and skip mode among the IBC prediction modes will be described with the following tables. Specifically, when IBC is used, a method of configuring a merge mode candidate or an AMVP mode candidate is shown.
  • an exemplary decoding procedure for the IBC merge mode is shown in the following table in standard document format.
  • the decoding apparatus may construct a candidate list for the IBC merge mode based on neighboring blocks. For example, when the IBC mode is applied to the current block and the merge flag value for the current block is 1, the decoding apparatus may construct a candidate list for the IBC merge mode based on neighboring blocks of the current block. have.
  • the candidate configuration for the IBC merge mode when a spatial neighboring block is encoded with IBC, motion information of the spatial neighboring block may be configured as a candidate for the current block, and the order is A1 block, B1 block, B0 block, It is composed of A0 block and A2 block in order. Thereafter, when the maximum candidate is not filled, an HMVP candidate and a pairwise candidate are additionally configured.
  • the following embodiments propose a method of inserting a default candidate in the merge mode or AMVP mode using IBC, as described later.
  • the encoding apparatus may also perform the configuration of a candidate list for the IBC merge mode described above.
  • the encoding device may determine that the IBC mode and the merge mode (i.e., IBC merge mode) are applied to the current block, and configure a candidate list (merge candidate list) for the IBC merge mode based on neighboring blocks.
  • the candidate configuration of the candidate list for the IBC merge mode when a spatial neighboring block of the current block is encoded by IBC, motion information of the neighboring block may be configured as a candidate of the candidate list, and the A1 block, Candidate configuration may be performed in the order of B1 block, B0 block, A0 block, and A2 block.
  • the encoding apparatus may perform a default candidate insertion method in the merge mode or AMVP mode using IBC described later in the same manner as the decoding apparatus.
  • default candidate(s) may be inserted into the list.
  • the default candidate various terms such as a default block vector candidate and a default motion vector candidate may be substituted or mixed.
  • the default candidate(s) may be at least one of block vector candidates (candidates (1) to (10)) included in the following table.
  • W represents the width of the current block
  • H represents the height of the current block.
  • the default candidate (x, y) may represent a block vector or a motion vector.
  • the default candidates included in Table 2 may be repeatedly filled in the list until the number of candidates included in the merge mode candidate list for IBC reaches the maximum number of candidates. That is, for example, one of the default candidates included in Table 2 may be repeatedly included in the list by (maximum number of candidates)-(number of candidates included in the list). Although not presented as the candidates, default candidates that can be used in a general video decoding process may be used.
  • an exemplary decoding procedure for the IBC merge mode is shown in the following table in standard document format. Specifically, Table 3 shows a decoding process when a (-2W, 0) block vector candidate is used among the default candidates (candidates (1) to (10)) proposed according to Table 2.
  • default candidates included in Table 2 may be used in combination.
  • the number of combinations of candidates can range from 2 to the maximum number of merge mode candidates for IBC (the maximum number of candidates included in the merge candidate list for the IBC merge mode).
  • the maximum number of candidates may be filled using at least one of the plurality of default candidates. In this case, all of the plurality of default candidates may be repeatedly filled, or one of the plurality of default candidates (eg, the last of a combination of a plurality of default candidates) may be repeatedly filled.
  • default candidate(s) when the number of block vectors included in the AMVP candidate list in the AMVP mode using IBC (IBC AMVP mode) is smaller than the maximum number of block vectors included in the AMVP candidate list (the maximum number of candidates) (AMVP candidate list Is not filled up to the maximum number of candidates), default candidate(s) may be inserted into the list.
  • the default candidate various terms such as a default block vector candidate and a default motion vector candidate may be substituted or mixed.
  • the decoding apparatus and/or the encoding apparatus may configure a candidate list for the IBC AMVP mode based on neighboring blocks (reference blocks, neighboring reference blocks). For example, when the IBC mode is applied to the current block, and the merge flag value for the current block is not 1, the decoding device and/or the encoding device may use the IBC AMVP mode based on neighboring blocks of the current block. Can construct a candidate list. Meanwhile, the decoding device and/or the encoding device may determine that the IBC mode and the AMVP mode (ie, IBC AMVP mode) are applied to the current block, and may configure a candidate list for the IBC AMVP mode based on neighboring blocks. .
  • the default candidate(s) may be at least one of block vector candidates (candidates (11) to (20)) included in Table 4.
  • W represents the width of the current block
  • H represents the height of the current block.
  • the default candidate (x, y) may represent a block vector or a motion vector.
  • the default candidates included in Table 4 may be repeatedly filled in the list until the number of candidates included in the AMVP mode candidate list for IBC reaches the maximum number of candidates. That is, for example, one of the default candidates included in Table 4 may be repeatedly included in the list as many as (maximum number of candidates)-(the number of candidates included in the list). Although not presented as the candidates, default candidates that can be used in a general video decoding process may be used.
  • an exemplary decoding procedure for the IBC AMVP mode is shown in the following table in standard document format. Specifically, Table 5 shows a decoding process when the (-2W, 0) block vector candidate is used among the default candidates (candidates (11) to (20)) proposed according to Table 4.
  • the embodiments according to Table 1, the embodiments according to Tables 2 and 3, and the embodiments according to Tables 4 and 5 may be used independently. Alternatively, at least two of the above embodiments may be used in combination with each other.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 schematically illustrate an example of a video/video encoding method and related components according to the embodiment(s) of this document.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 9 may be performed by the encoding apparatus disclosed in FIG. 2. Specifically, for example, S900 to S930 of FIG. 9 may be performed by the prediction unit 220 of the encoding device, and S930 and S940 of FIG. 9 may be performed by the entropy encoding unit 240 of the encoding device. I can.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 9 may include the embodiments described above in this document.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive a prediction mode for a current block in a current picture as an IBC prediction mode (S900).
  • the IBC prediction mode may include an IBC merge mode, an IBC (A)MVP mode, an IBC HMVP mode, and an IBC pairwise average merge mode.
  • the IBC prediction mode may be an IBC merge mode (a merge mode for IBC).
  • the IBC prediction mode may be an IBC AMVP mode (AMVP mode for IBC).
  • the encoding apparatus may derive a candidate list for the IBC prediction mode (S910).
  • the candidate list for the IBC prediction mode may include block vector candidates. Block vector candidates may be derived based on a block adjacent to the current block in the current picture.
  • the candidate list for the IBC prediction mode may be a merge candidate list for the IBC prediction mode. Table 12 above shows mvL[ 0 ] and mvL[ 1] as exemplary candidate lists.
  • the encoding device may derive a block vector for the current block (S920).
  • the block vector may indicate a reference block in the current picture.
  • the block vector may be a spatial vector.
  • the block vector may be expressed in the form of (x,y) coordinates, where x may be the x coordinate of the block indicated by the block vector, and y may be the y coordinate of the block indicated by the block vector.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate index information indicating a block vector for the current block and flag information indicating whether to apply IBC (S930).
  • the index information may be merge_idx[ xCb ][ yCb ] included in Table 3 or Table 5 described above.
  • Flag information indicating whether to apply IBC may be generated based on derivation of the IBC prediction mode.
  • flag information indicating whether or not IBC is applied may be expressed as, for example, a syntax element pred_mode_IBC_flag. Flag information indicating whether or not IBC is applied may vary according to the classification of the IBC prediction mode (ex. IBC merge mode, IBC AMVP mode).
  • the encoding device may encode video/video information (S940).
  • the image/video information may include index information indicating a block vector of a current block.
  • the information for generating the luma samples may include, for example, prediction related information (prediction mode information) and residual information.
  • the prediction-related information includes information on various prediction modes (e.g., merge mode of inter prediction, MVP mode of inter prediction, IBC prediction mode (IBC merge mode, IBC (A)MVP mode, IBC HMVP mode), etc.), MVD information , Information on the candidate list, information on the maximum number of block vectors included in the candidate list for the IBC prediction mode, information on the maximum number of block vectors included in the candidate list for the IBC merge mode, for inter prediction mode Information about the maximum number of block vectors included in the candidate list, information about the maximum number of motion vectors included in the candidate list for the merge mode of inter prediction, information about the block vector (motion vector), etc. may be included. .
  • the image information may include flag information (ex. pred_mode_ibc_flag) indicating whether the IBC prediction mode is applied.
  • the at least one additional candidate may be inserted into the block vector candidate list.
  • a predefined default vector candidate may be inserted into the block vector candidate list as at least one additional candidate.
  • the predetermined default vector candidate may be referred to as at least one default vector candidate.
  • the default block vector candidates are (-W, 0), (-W-offset1, 0), (-1.5W, 0), (-2W, 0) , (0, -H), (0, -H-offset2), (0, -2H), (-W, -H), (-1.5W, -1.5H) or (-2W, -2H)
  • W represents the width of the current block
  • H represents the height of the current block
  • the value of offset1 is a value from -1 to (W-1)
  • the value of offset2 is -1 It can be a value from (H-1).
  • the default block vector candidate may include a zero vector candidate.
  • a zero vector candidate may be filled in an empty space of the block vector candidate list.
  • the default block vector candidates are included in the block vector candidate list by M Can be inserted.
  • the default block vector candidates may include a first default block vector candidate and a second default block vector candidate.
  • M is an integer of 2 or more
  • N is an integer of 1 or more, N ⁇ M
  • the first default block vector candidate of may be inserted and MN of the second default block vector candidates may be inserted. That is, a combination of the first default block vector candidate and the second default block vector candidate may be filled in an empty space of the block vector candidate list.
  • the prediction mode may be derived as one of an IBC merge mode or an IBC AMVP mode based on flag information indicating whether the IBC is applied.
  • the embodiments of this document are not necessarily limited thereto, and the prediction mode may be derived from various prediction modes such as an IBC HMVP mode and an IBC pairwise average merge mode based on flag information indicating whether the IBC is applied.
  • the encoded image/video information may be output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the bitstream may be transmitted to a decoding device through a network or a storage medium.
  • the image/video information may include various information according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • the image/video information may include information disclosed in at least one of Table 2 or Table 3 (eg, information on default block vector candidates).
  • the image/video information may include information causing an operation according to the standard document disclosed in Tables 1, 3, or 5 described above.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive residual samples based on the prediction samples and original samples.
  • residual information may be derived based on the residual samples.
  • Reconstruction samples may be generated based on the residual information.
  • a reconstructed block and a reconstructed picture may be derived based on the reconstructed samples.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 schematically illustrate an example of a video/video decoding method and related components according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 11 may be performed by the decoding apparatus disclosed in FIG. 3. Specifically, for example, S1100 of FIG. 11 may be performed by the entropy decoding unit 310 of the decoding device, and S1110 to S1140 may be performed by the prediction unit 330 of the decoding device.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 11 may include the embodiments described above in this document.
  • the decoding apparatus may receive/obtain image/video information.
  • the decoding apparatus may receive/acquire the image/video information through a bitstream.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain flag information indicating whether to apply IBC and/or index information for deriving a block vector through the bitstream (S1100).
  • the index information may be merge_idx[ xCb ][ yCb ] included in Table 3 or Table 5 described above.
  • Flag information indicating whether to apply IBC may be expressed by, for example, a syntax element pred_mode_IBC_flag. Flag information indicating whether or not IBC is applied may vary according to the classification of the IBC prediction mode (ex. IBC merge mode, IBC AMVP mode).
  • the image/video information may include various information according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • the image/video information may include information disclosed in at least one of Table 2 or Table 3 (eg, information on default block vector candidates).
  • the image/video information may include information causing an operation according to the standard document disclosed in Tables 1, 3, or 5 described above.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a prediction mode for a current block in the current picture based on flag information indicating whether to apply IBC and/or index information for deriving a block vector (S1110).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive the prediction mode for the current block in the current picture as the IBC prediction mode.
  • the IBC prediction mode may include an IBC merge mode, an IBC (A)MVP mode, an IBC HMVP mode, and an IBC pairwise average merge mode.
  • the IBC prediction mode may be an IBC merge mode (a merge mode for IBC).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a block vector candidate list including block vector candidates (S1120).
  • the block vector candidate list may include block vector candidates indicating a reference block in the current picture.
  • the block vector candidate list may be a candidate list for the IBC merge mode.
  • the block vector candidate list may be a candidate list for the IBC AMVP mode. Table 12 above shows mvL[ 0 ] and mvL[ 1] as exemplary candidate lists.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a block vector for the current block (S1130).
  • the block vector may be derived based on a block vector candidate list and index information.
  • the block vector may indicate a reference block in the current picture.
  • the block vector may be a spatial vector.
  • the block vector may be expressed in the form of (x,y) coordinates, where x may be the x coordinate of the block indicated by the block vector, and y may be the y coordinate of the block indicated by the block vector.
  • the derived block vector may be one of block vector candidates included in the block vector candidate list.
  • the decoding apparatus generates prediction samples of the current block based on the block vector (S1140). Prediction samples for the current block may be generated based on reference samples in the reference block indicated by the block vector. Here, the reference block may be included in the current picture.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate reconstructed samples based on the prediction samples.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain residual information from the image information and may derive residual samples based on the residual information.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate (derive) reconstructed samples based on the residual samples and prediction samples. For example, the decoding apparatus may generate (derive) reconstructed samples by adding residual samples to prediction samples.
  • the at least one additional candidate may be inserted into the block vector candidate list.
  • a predefined default vector candidate may be inserted into the block vector candidate list as at least one additional candidate.
  • the predetermined default vector candidate may be referred to as at least one default vector candidate.
  • the default block vector candidates are (-W, 0), (-W-offset1, 0), (-1.5W, 0), (-2W, 0) , (0, -H), (0, -H-offset2), (0, -2H), (-W, -H), (-1.5W, -1.5H) or (-2W, -2H)
  • W represents the width of the current block
  • H represents the height of the current block
  • the value of offset1 is a value from -1 to (W-1)
  • the value of offset2 is -1 It can be a value from (H-1).
  • the default block vector candidate may include a zero vector candidate.
  • a zero vector candidate may be filled in an empty space of the block vector candidate list.
  • the default block vector candidates are included in the block vector candidate list by M Can be inserted.
  • the default block vector candidates may include a first default block vector candidate and a second default block vector candidate.
  • M is an integer of 2 or more
  • N is an integer of 1 or more, N ⁇ M
  • the first default block vector candidate of may be inserted and MN of the second default block vector candidates may be inserted. That is, a combination of the first default block vector candidate and the second default block vector candidate may be filled in an empty space of the block vector candidate list.
  • the method according to the embodiments of the present document described above may be implemented in the form of software, and the encoding device and/or the decoding device according to the present document is, for example, an image such as a TV, a computer, a smart phone, a set-top box, and a display device. It may be included in the device that performs the processing.
  • the above-described method may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) performing the above-described functions.
  • the modules are stored in memory and can be executed by the processor.
  • the memory may be inside or outside the processor, and may be connected to the processor by various well-known means.
  • the processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and/or a data processing device.
  • the memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and/or other storage device. That is, the embodiments described in this document may be implemented and performed on a processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip.
  • the functional units illustrated in each drawing may be implemented and executed on a computer, processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip. In this case, information for implementation (ex. information on instructions) or an algorithm may be stored in a digital storage medium.
  • the decoding device and the encoding device to which the embodiment(s) of the present document is applied include a multimedia broadcasting transmission/reception device, a mobile communication terminal, a home cinema video device, a digital cinema video device, a surveillance camera, a video chat device, and a video communication device.
  • Real-time communication device mobile streaming device, storage medium, camcorder, video-on-demand (VoD) service provider, OTT video (over the top video) device, internet streaming service provider, 3D (3D) video device, virtual reality (VR) ) Device, AR (argumente reality) device, video telephony video device, vehicle terminal (ex.
  • an OTT video (Over the top video) device may include a game console, a Blu-ray player, an Internet-connected TV, a home theater system, a smartphone, a tablet PC, and a digital video recorder (DVR).
  • a game console may include a game console, a Blu-ray player, an Internet-connected TV, a home theater system, a smartphone, a tablet PC, and a digital video recorder (DVR).
  • DVR digital video recorder
  • the processing method to which the embodiment(s) of this document is applied may be produced in the form of a program executed by a computer, and may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
  • Multimedia data having a data structure according to the embodiment(s) of this document may also be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of storage devices and distributed storage devices in which computer-readable data is stored.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes, for example, Blu-ray disk (BD), universal serial bus (USB), ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical It may include a data storage device.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes media implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission through the Internet).
  • the bitstream generated by the encoding method may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium or transmitted through a wired or wireless communication network.
  • embodiment(s) of this document may be implemented as a computer program product by program code, and the program code may be executed in a computer according to the embodiment(s) of this document.
  • the program code may be stored on a carrier readable by a computer.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a content streaming system to which the embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
  • a content streaming system to which embodiments of the present document are applied may largely include an encoding server, a streaming server, a web server, a media storage device, a user device, and a multimedia input device.
  • the encoding server serves to generate a bitstream by compressing content input from multimedia input devices such as smartphones, cameras, camcorders, etc. into digital data, and transmits it to the streaming server.
  • multimedia input devices such as smartphones, cameras, camcorders, etc. directly generate bitstreams
  • the encoding server may be omitted.
  • the bitstream may be generated by an encoding method or a bitstream generation method to which the embodiments of the present document are applied, and the streaming server may temporarily store the bitstream while transmitting or receiving the bitstream.
  • the streaming server transmits multimedia data to a user device based on a user request through a web server, and the web server serves as an intermediary for notifying the user of a service.
  • the web server transmits it to the streaming server, and the streaming server transmits multimedia data to the user.
  • the content streaming system may include a separate control server, and in this case, the control server serves to control commands/responses between devices in the content streaming system.
  • the streaming server may receive content from a media storage and/or encoding server. For example, when content is received from the encoding server, the content may be received in real time. In this case, in order to provide a smooth streaming service, the streaming server may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.
  • Examples of the user device include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a slate PC, and Tablet PC, ultrabook, wearable device, for example, smartwatch, smart glass, head mounted display (HMD)), digital TV, desktop There may be computers, digital signage, etc.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • HMD head mounted display
  • TV desktop
  • desktop There may be computers, digital signage, etc.
  • Each server in the content streaming system may be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server may be distributedly processed.
  • the claims set forth herein may be combined in a variety of ways.
  • the technical features of the method claims of the present specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of the present specification may be combined to be implemented by a method.
  • the technical characteristics of the method claim of the present specification and the technical characteristics of the device claim may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical characteristics of the method claim of the present specification and the technical characteristics of the device claim may be combined to be implemented by a method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, des candidats par défaut, selon des modes de réalisation, peuvent être insérés dans une liste de candidats pour un mode de fusion IBC ou un mode IBC AMVP. Par conséquent, lorsque le nombre maximal de candidats n'est pas configuré dans la configuration de candidat de mode, les candidats par défaut peuvent être insérés afin de résoudre des problèmes qui peuvent se produire dans un processus de signalisation et l'efficacité du codage de contenu d'écran (SCC) peut augmenter.
PCT/KR2020/003041 2019-03-04 2020-03-04 Codage vidéo ou d'image basé sur un codage intra-bloc WO2020180097A1 (fr)

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US201962813738P 2019-03-04 2019-03-04
US62/813,738 2019-03-04

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Cited By (1)

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WO2023236988A1 (fr) * 2022-06-07 2023-12-14 Beijing Bytedance Network Technology Co., Ltd. Procédé, appareil et support de traitement vidéo

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US20150271515A1 (en) * 2014-01-10 2015-09-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Block vector coding for intra block copy in video coding
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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