WO2020177338A1 - 适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置 - Google Patents

适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020177338A1
WO2020177338A1 PCT/CN2019/112881 CN2019112881W WO2020177338A1 WO 2020177338 A1 WO2020177338 A1 WO 2020177338A1 CN 2019112881 W CN2019112881 W CN 2019112881W WO 2020177338 A1 WO2020177338 A1 WO 2020177338A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
heat
control processor
processor module
cooling
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PCT/CN2019/112881
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁伟
鞠伟达
褚福建
赵泽鹏
方国云
汤勇
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to AU2019432491A priority Critical patent/AU2019432491A1/en
Publication of WO2020177338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020177338A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal management device for a power battery of an electric automobile suitable for an alpine region.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal management device for electric vehicle power batteries suitable for high-cold areas to solve one or more of the above-mentioned existing technical problems.
  • an electric vehicle power battery thermal management device suitable for alpine regions, which includes a heat preservation box, a cooling device, a battery temperature detection element and a control processor module;
  • the heat preservation box is provided with a battery
  • the cooling device includes a heat absorption part and a heat dissipation part, the heat absorption part is arranged on the battery placement part, and the heat dissipation part is arranged outside the heat preservation box;
  • the battery temperature detection element is electrically signaled to the control processor module, and the cooling device is controlled by Processor module control.
  • the battery when in use, the battery is placed in the battery placement part in the incubator, so that the heat absorption part of the cooling device and the battery temperature detection element are attached to the battery; when the battery temperature is higher than the preset value during operation, the battery
  • the temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then the control processor module controls the cooling device to start cooling.
  • the heat absorption part of the cooling device absorbs heat and transfers the waste heat to the heat dissipation part, and then the heat dissipation part volatilizes the waste heat to Keep the temperature of the battery at a preset value by keeping the outside of the insulation box.
  • the battery temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then controls the processor module to control the cooling device to stop cooling, then the battery continues to generate heat Heat accumulates in the heat preservation box, and under the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation box, the temperature inside the heat preservation box continues to rise until it reaches the preset temperature value.
  • the invention can not only control the battery temperature to prevent it from being too high, but also prevent the battery temperature from being too low.
  • the cooling device is a water-cooled module.
  • the water-cooled module includes a water-cooled plate, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a power pump; wherein the water-cooled plate is provided with a cold water chamber, and the inlet and outlet pipes are respectively connected to the cold water chamber, and the power The pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the power pump is controlled by the control processor module.
  • the heat pipe heat dissipation device includes a hot end and a cold end. The hot end is arranged inside the heat preservation box and the cold end is arranged outside the heat preservation box.
  • it further includes a phase change cooling module, when the phase change cooling module is arranged on the battery placement part.
  • the battery temperature detection element is a thermocouple temperature sensor.
  • the battery temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then the control processor module controls the cooling device to start cooling, and the heat sink of the cooling device absorbs the heat, and The waste heat is transferred to the heat dissipating part, and then the heat dissipating part evaporates the waste heat to the outside of the heat preservation box, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset value.
  • the battery temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then controls the processor module to control the cooling device to stop cooling, then the battery continues to generate heat Heat accumulates in the heat preservation box, and under the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation box, the temperature inside the heat preservation box continues to rise until it reaches the preset temperature value.
  • the invention can not only control the battery temperature to prevent it from being too high, but also prevent the battery temperature from being too low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle power battery thermal management device suitable for an alpine region according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the structure shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of an electric vehicle power battery thermal management device suitable for an alpine region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle power battery thermal management device suitable for alpine regions includes a heat preservation box 5, a cooling device 3, a battery temperature detection element and a control processor module;
  • the heat preservation box 5 is equipped with a battery Placement part,
  • the cooling device 3 includes a heat absorption part and a heat dissipation part.
  • the heat absorption part is arranged on the battery placement part, and the heat dissipation part is arranged outside the heat preservation box 5;
  • the battery temperature detection element is electrically signaled to the control processor module, and the cooling device 3 is controlled by the control processor module.
  • the battery 1 is placed in the battery placement part in the insulation box 5, so that the heat absorption part of the cooling device 3 and the battery temperature detection element are attached to the battery; when working, the temperature of the battery 1 is higher than the preset
  • the battery temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then the control processor module controls the cooling device 3 to start cooling.
  • the heat absorption part of the cooling device 3 absorbs heat and transfers the waste heat to the heat dissipation part, and then dissipates heat
  • the part evaporates the waste heat to the outside of the insulation box 5, so that the temperature of the battery 1 is maintained at a preset value.
  • the battery temperature detection element transmits the signal to the control processor module, and then controls the processor module to control the cooling device 3 to stop cooling, then the battery 1 continues to heat up
  • the generated heat is accumulated in the heat preservation box 5, and under the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation box 5, the temperature in the heat preservation box 5 continues to rise until it reaches a preset temperature value.
  • the present invention can not only control the temperature of the battery 1 to be too high, but also prevent the temperature of the battery from being too low.
  • the cooling device 3 is a water-cooled module
  • the water-cooled module includes a water-cooled plate, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, and a power pump.
  • the chamber is connected, the power pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the power pump is controlled by the control processor module.
  • the control processor module can pump water into the cold water chamber of the water-cooled plate by controlling the power pump, and then the waste heat is pumped out to the outside through the water outlet pipe; the water is used as the cooling medium, the heat transfer effect is good, and the fluid pressure is used.
  • the loss is small and absorbs the heat emitted by the battery.
  • the heat pipe radiator 2 is further included.
  • the heat pipe radiator 2 includes a hot end and a cold end.
  • the hot end is arranged inside the heat preservation box 5 and the cold end is arranged outside the heat preservation box 5.
  • the heat pipe heat dissipation device 2 is an aluminum strip heat pipe, and the aluminum strip heat pipe shell is made of low-density metal aluminum, which is manufactured by extrusion molding, vacuuming, filling and sealing, etc.
  • the thickness of the formed aluminum strip heat pipe is only 1-2mm.
  • the hot end of the heat pipe is close to the battery, and the cold end extends to the outside of the insulation box 5 made of foamed material insulation layer.
  • the aluminum tape heat pipe is a gravity heat pipe, which has unidirectional heat transfer.
  • the work inside the aluminum tape heat pipe After installation, the work inside the aluminum tape heat pipe The mass is heated and vaporized to take away the heat. After cooling, it flows back through gravity to form a cycle.
  • the cold end of the aluminum strip heat pipe extends outside the foamed material insulation layer and is connected to the metal shell of the car body, and is forced to cool and dissipate heat through the wind resistance generated by the car during the travel. In this way, the heat dissipation capacity of the battery can be further enhanced.
  • a phase change cooling module 4 is further included, when the phase change cooling module 4 is arranged on the battery placement part.
  • the composition of the phase change material inside the phase change cooling module 4 is low melting point paraffin and expanded graphite.
  • the melting point of the low melting point paraffin is 44-46°C
  • the addition ratio of the two is 70%-90% and 10%-30%.
  • the battery temperature detection element is a thermocouple temperature sensor.
  • the present invention Compared with other battery thermal management devices, the present invention has the following advantages: 1.
  • the ultra-thin aluminum strip heat pipe has the characteristics of low density, small size, high efficiency, etc., while radiating heat, it will not make the body mass excessive, which is in line with high efficiency and light weight. Requirements.
  • the direct-flow series-parallel channel structure of the water-cooling plate has a good cooling effect, and the use of the aluminum strip heat pipe improves the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the application of composite phase change materials can reduce the rate of battery temperature rise and fall, reduce thermal shock, and improve temperature uniformity. At the same time, the thermal energy stored by the phase change material can maintain the temperature of the battery module under low temperature conditions, reducing the impact of low temperature on battery life and charging and discharging efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其包括保温箱体、冷却装置、电池温度检测元件和控制处理器模块；在使用时，将电池安置到保温箱体内的电池放置部，使得冷却装置的吸热部和电池温度检测元件贴在电池上；当工作时，电池的温度高过预设值时，电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置开始冷却工作，冷却装置的吸热部将热量吸收，并将废热传递给散热部，然后散热部将废热挥散到保温箱体外界；当电池温度低于预设值时，电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置停止冷却工作，那么电池持续发热所产生的热量积累在保温箱体。

Description

适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置。
 背景技术
随着能源危机和环境污染越来越严重，电动汽车作为一种目前解决汽车尾气污染问题行之有效的措施越来越受到人们的重视。然而，动力电池在大功率充放电时会产生大量的热,如果热量不能尽快散失出去，很容易引起热失控等现象；此外，电池对温度十分敏感，过高过低的温度都会影响电池的寿命和使用性能，甚至在极端情况下会出现起火爆炸等严重事故。
在一些地区昼夜温差极大，一年四季温差也很大，而动力电池苛刻的工作温度限制了电动汽车在这类地区的推广使用。目前市面上还没出现一种既能够控制电池体温度防止其过高，又能在低温情况下起到保温作用的动力电池热管理装置。
 技术问题
随着能源危机和环境污染越来越严重，电动汽车作为一种目前解决汽车尾气污染问题行之有效的措施越来越受到人们的重视。然而，动力电池在大功率充放电时会产生大量的热,如果热量不能尽快散失出去，很容易引起热失控等现象；此外，电池对温度十分敏感，过高过低的温度都会影响电池的寿命和使用性能，甚至在极端情况下会出现起火爆炸等严重事故。
在一些地区昼夜温差极大，一年四季温差也很大，而动力电池苛刻的工作温度限制了电动汽车在这类地区的推广使用。目前市面上还没出现一种既能够控制电池体温度防止其过高，又能在低温情况下起到保温作用的动力电池热管理装置。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，解决上述现有技术问题中的一个或多个。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其包括保温箱体、冷却装置、电池温度检测元件和控制处理器模块；保温箱体内设有电池放置部，冷却装置包括吸热部和散热部，吸热部设置于电池放置部上，散热部设置在保温箱体的外部；电池温度检测元件与控制处理器模块电信号连接，冷却装置由控制处理器模块控制。
这样，在使用时，将电池安置到保温箱体内的电池放置部，使得冷却装置的吸热部和电池温度检测元件贴在电池上；当工作时，电池的温度高过预设值时，电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置开始冷却工作，冷却装置的吸热部将热量吸收，并将废热传递给散热部，然后散热部将废热挥散到保温箱体外界，从而使得电池的温度保持在预设值。当电池温度低于预设值时（例如在高原寒冷环境中），电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置停止冷却工作，那么电池持续发热所产生的热量积累在保温箱体，在保温箱体的保温作用下，保温箱体内的温度持续上升直到达到预设温度值。本发明既能够控制电池温度防止其过高，又能防止电池温度过低。
在一些实施方式中，冷却装置为水冷模块，水冷模块包括水冷板、进水管、出水管和动力泵；其中，水冷板设有冷水腔室，进水管和出水管分别与冷水腔室连通，动力泵与进水管连接，且动力泵由控制处理器模块控制。
在一些实施方式中，还包括热管散热装置，热管散热装置包括热端和冷端，热端设置于保温箱体的内部，冷端设置于保温箱体的外部。
在一些实施方式中，还包括相变降温模块，当相变降温模块设置在电池放置部上。
在一些实施方式中，电池温度检测元件为热电偶温度传感器。
 有益效果
当工作时，电池的温度高过预设值时，电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置开始冷却工作，冷却装置的吸热部将热量吸收，并将废热传递给散热部，然后散热部将废热挥散到保温箱体外界，从而使得电池的温度保持在预设值。当电池温度低于预设值时（例如在高原寒冷环境中），电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置停止冷却工作，那么电池持续发热所产生的热量积累在保温箱体，在保温箱体的保温作用下，保温箱体内的温度持续上升直到达到预设温度值。本发明既能够控制电池温度防止其过高，又能防止电池温度过低。
 附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施方式的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置的示意图；
图2为图1所示结构的剖视结构示意图。
附图标号：
1-电池、2-热管散热装置、3-冷却装置、4-相变降温模块、5-保温箱体
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1示意性的显示了本发明一种实施方式的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置的结构。
如图1和图2所示，该适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置包括保温箱体5、冷却装置3、电池温度检测元件和控制处理器模块；保温箱体5内设有电池放置部，冷却装置3包括吸热部和散热部，吸热部设置于电池放置部上，散热部设置在保温箱体5的外部；电池温度检测元件与控制处理器模块电信号连接，冷却装置3由控制处理器模块控制。
工作原理和过程，将电池1安置到保温箱体5内的电池放置部，使得冷却装置3的吸热部和电池温度检测元件贴在电池上；当工作时，电池1的温度高过预设值时，电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置3开始冷却工作，冷却装置3的吸热部将热量吸收，并将废热传递给散热部，然后散热部将废热挥散到保温箱体5外界，从而使得电池1的温度保持在预设值。当电池1温度低于预设值时（例如在高原寒冷环境中），电池温度检测元件将信号传递给控制处理器模块，然后控制处理器模块控制冷却装置3停止冷却工作，那么电池1持续发热所产生的热量积累在保温箱体5，在保温箱体5的保温作用下，保温箱体5内的温度持续上升直到达到预设温度值。本发明既能够控制电池1温度过高，又能防止电池温度过低。
详细地，在本实施例中，冷却装置3为水冷模块，水冷模块包括水冷板、进水管、出水管和动力泵；其中，水冷板设有冷水腔室，进水管和出水管分别与冷水腔室连通，动力泵与进水管连接，且动力泵由控制处理器模块控制。这样，控制处理器模块可以通过控制动力泵来将水泵入到水冷板的冷水腔室内，然后水将废热通过出水管泵出到外界中；以水为冷却介质，采用传热效果好、流体压力损失小，吸收电池放出的热量。
在本实施例中，还包括热管散热装置2，热管散热装置2包括热端和冷端，热端设置于保温箱体5的内部，冷端设置于保温箱体5的外部。具体地，热管散热装置2为铝带热管，铝带热管外壳采用的是低密度的金属铝，经挤压成型，抽真空，灌液封口等工序制作而成，成型的铝带热管厚度仅为1-2mm。热管热端紧贴电池，冷端延伸到由发泡材料保温层制成的保温箱体5外部，其中铝带热管为重力热管，具有单向传热性，安装后，铝带热管内的工质受热汽化上升带走热量，冷却后经重力回流形成循环。此外，铝带热管的冷端延伸到发泡材料保温层外，与车体金属外壳相连，通过汽车在行进过程中产生的风阻进行强迫风冷散热。这样，可以进一步地增强电池散热能力。
在本实施例中，还包括相变降温模块4，当相变降温模块4设置在电池放置部上。具体地，相变降温模块4内部的相变材料的组成成分为低熔点石蜡和膨胀石墨。其中低熔点石蜡的熔点为44-46℃，二者的添加比例为70％-90％、10％-30％。二者经磁力搅拌后，石蜡与蓬松多孔的膨胀石墨充分混合，既能提高其热导率，又能在温度较高时保持一定的形状，不产生泄露。这样，当电池发热时，相变降温模块4可以快速地通过其内部的相变材料产生相变来吸收热量。
在本实施例中，电池温度检测元件为热电偶温度传感器。
本发明与其他的电池热管理装置相比其优势在于：1、超薄铝带热管具有密度低、体积小、效率高等特点，在散热的同时不会使车身质量过大，符合高效、轻量化的要求。2、水冷板采用的直流式串并联槽道结构，冷却效果好，和铝带热管搭配使用提高了散热效率。3、复合相变材料的应用能够使电池温度上升和下降的速率降低，减少热冲击，提高温度均匀性。同时，相变材料储存的热能可以下低温情况下保持电池模组温度，减少低温对电池寿命、充放电效率的影响。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一种实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其特征在于，包括保温箱体、冷却装置、电池温度检测元件和控制处理器模块；
    所述保温箱体内设有电池放置部，所述冷却装置包括吸热部和散热部，所述吸热部设置于所述电池放置部上，所述散热部设置在保温箱体的外部；
    所述电池温度检测元件与所述控制处理器模块电信号连接，所述冷却装置由所述控制处理器模块控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其特征在于，所述冷却装置为水冷模块，所述水冷模块包括水冷板、进水管、出水管和动力泵；
    其中，所述水冷板设有冷水腔室，所述进水管和所述出水管分别与所述冷水腔室连通，所述动力泵与进水管连接，且动力泵由所述控制处理器模块控制。
  3. 根据权利要求1~2中任一项所述的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其特征在于，还包括热管散热装置，所述热管散热装置包括热端和冷端，所述热端设置于所述保温箱体的内部，所述冷端设置于保温箱体的外部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其特征在于，还包括相变降温模块，当所述相变降温模块设置在所述电池放置部上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于高寒地区的电动汽车动力电池热管理装置，其特征在于，所述电池温度检测元件为热电偶温度传感器。
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