WO2020177292A1 - Rock inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid compound salt as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid compound salt or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compounds and pharmaceutical application thereof, in particular to the application in preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, cerebral ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage or the like.

Description

ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt and preparation method and application thereof Technical field

The present invention relates to a ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt, in particular to a ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt, their preparation method, medicinal compositions containing these compounds and their medical uses, and belong to pharmacy Technical field.

Background technique

Rho kinase (ROCK) is an important enzyme involved in a series of cell life phenomena such as cell mitotic adhesion, cytoskeleton adjustment, muscle cell contraction, and tumor cell infiltration. Since 1996, ROCKs that have been discovered are divided into ROCK I (ROCK β) and ROCK II (ROCK α). The former mainly exists in non-neural tissues such as heart, lung, skeletal muscle and other cells; the latter mainly exists in the central nervous system, such as hippocampal pyramidal neurons, cerebral cortex, and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Rho kinase (ROCK) plays an important role in intracellular signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle cell contraction, cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. Abnormal activation of Rho kinase has been found in a variety of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, and myocardial hypertrophy. Studies have shown that the rat pulmonary hypertension model induced by chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline and the activity of Rho kinase in lung tissue and pulmonary artery of patients with severe pulmonary hypertension are significantly increased.

Fasudil [hexahydro-1-(5-sulfonylisoquinoline)-1(H)-1,4-diazepine, Fasudil, also known as HA1077], is a pharmacological company from Japan’s Asahi Kasei Corporation and Nagoya University A new type of isoquinoline sulfonamide derivative jointly developed by the scientific research laboratory. As a new and highly effective vasodilator, fasudil can effectively relieve cerebral vasospasm and improve the prognosis of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Since fasudil was launched in Japan in 1996, it has The role of pulmonary blood vessels has been widely concerned by researchers. A large number of animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that fasudil can: 1) activate endogenous neural stem cells to promote brain tissue repair; 2) increase astrocyte stimulation Factors; 3) inhibit the release of intracellular calcium ions; 4) relax brain blood vessels; 5) protect nerve cells and improve extension function; 6) promote axon regeneration. Therefore, Fasudil is also used in the treatment of ischemic stroke. In addition, Fasudil can safely and effectively treat pulmonary hypertension. ROCK inhibitor fasudil can penetrate into vascular smooth muscle cells, and under normal or pathological conditions, it can compete with ATP for the ATP binding site in the catalytic region of Rho kinase and specifically block the activity of Rho kinase. Fasudil hydrochloride anti-PAH is currently in phase II clinical research.

In addition, ROCK inhibitors include Ripasudil and Netarsudil, which are marketed for the treatment of glaucoma.

Summary of the invention

Objective: The present invention provides a ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt, its preparation method and medical use.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

One type of compound is ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt.

Further, the ROCK inhibitor is selected from fasudil, Netarsudil, and Ripasudil.

Specifically, the compound is fasudil dichloroacetate, the structural formula is as follows:

The preparation method of fasudil dichloroacetate is:

Put an appropriate amount of fasudil in the reaction container, add an appropriate amount of reaction solvent and mix to obtain a mixed solution of fasudil and the reaction solvent;

Add an appropriate amount of dichloroacetic acid to the above mixed liquid while stirring at a reaction temperature of 0-100 degrees, and continue to stir for a period of time after dripping to obtain a reaction liquid;

Then the reaction solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, washed, and recrystallized to obtain fasudil dichloroacetate.

In a preferred preparation process, the reaction temperature is room temperature, the reaction solvent is water, the molar ratio of fasudil to dichloroacetic acid added is 1:1.5, and the recrystallization solvent is isopropanol.

Specifically, the compound is Netarsudil dichloroacetate, the structural formula is as follows:

The preparation method is as follows: Netarsudil is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, dichloroacetic acid is added dropwise to the reaction system, stirred for a period of time at room temperature, and spin-dried to obtain Netarsudil dichloroacetate.

Specifically, the compound is Ripasudil dichloroacetate; the structural formula is as follows:

The preparation method is as follows: at room temperature, take an appropriate amount of Ripasudil and place it in a reaction vessel, add water, and slowly add dichloroacetic acid to the Ripasudil suspension while stirring, and continue to stir for a period of time at room temperature after dropping to obtain a reaction solution; The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, washed, filtered, and dried to obtain Ripasudil dichloroacetate.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, which contains a therapeutically effective amount of the above-mentioned compound or its optical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates or racemic mixtures, or Its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants or vehicles.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned compounds in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating pulmonary hypertension, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ischemic stroke and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

In the present invention, when administering the above-mentioned compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and solvates of these compounds (herein collectively referred to as "therapeutic drugs") to mammals, they can be used alone, or preferably in accordance with standard pharmaceutical methods. It is used in combination with a carrier or diluent suitable for pharmaceutical use. The mode of administration can be via various routes, including oral, parenteral or topical administration. The parenteral administration referred to herein includes but is not limited to intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous injection and transdermal administration.

The present invention first discloses fasudil dichloroacetate and a preparation method thereof, including the following steps: the free fasudil is first mixed with water, dichloroacetic acid is slowly added dropwise, and after stirring for 5 minutes, it is concentrated and purified. Water, the residue was washed with ether for 3 times, and then recrystallized with isopropanol or other solvents to obtain high-purity fasudil dichloroacetate. The structure was confirmed by hydrogen spectrum, carbon spectrum and mass spectrum. The invention has simple operation, low production cost, high product yield, low environmental pollution, and is conducive to large-scale industrial production.

At the same time, the present invention discloses the inhibitory activity of fasudil dichloroacetate, Netarsudil dichloroacetate and Ripasudil dichloroacetate on ROCK I and II. It was found that the salt formation of dichloroacetic acid and ROCK inhibitor increased its ROCK inhibitory activity.

The invention discloses the therapeutic effect of fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) on pulmonary hypertension. First, in cell experiments, fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) can significantly inhibit platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and hypoxia-induced inflammation in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) The expression of factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6); further animal experiments, in the treatment model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats, FDCA (43.3mg/kg ) Gavage can significantly reduce the average pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy index in pulmonary hypertension rats, but has no significant effect on systemic circulation pressure; pathological examination of rat lung and heart tissue found that, FDCA significantly reduces the ratio of pulmonary artery wall thickness to pulmonary artery diameter (PAMT) and the degree of pulmonary artery fibrosis; FDCA significantly reduces the area of right ventricular cardiomyocytes (CSA) and the degree of fibrosis. It is worth noting that the anti-pulmonary hypertension activity of FDCA is better than equimolar doses of fasudil dihydrochloride (F), sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) and the combined administration of the two, suggesting that FDCA is an effective Drug candidates for anti-pulmonary hypertension are worthy of further study.

At the same time, the present invention discloses the effect of fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) in preventing and/or treating subarachnoid hemorrhage. In the rat subarachnoid hemorrhage model (modeling of intravascular perforation in the subarachnoid space, administering once each 0.5h and 6h after modeling, evaluating the various indicators of the rat after 24h), FDCA significantly reduced the rat arachnoid Cerebral vasospasm damage after submembrane hemorrhage, improved cerebral edema and animal neurological scores, significantly improved the diameter of the basilar artery, lumen area and wall thickness, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the top cortex, better than F, DCA and The combined administration of the two. The results suggest that FDCA is an effective anti-subarachnoid hemorrhage drug candidate, which is worthy of further study.

At the same time, the present invention discloses the effect of fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) in preventing and/or treating ischemic stroke. In the rat transient ischemia model (2h reperfusion after ischemia, once after 4h ischemia, 24h dosing, evaluation of the indicators of rats after 48h), FDCA effectively reduces the area of cerebral infarction, which is significantly better than that on the market The drug bufenide (NBP) group is significantly better than the fasudil dihydrochloride group (F) and sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) group, as well as the combined administration group of F and DCA; in addition, FDCA also significantly improved The neurobehavioral dysfunction induced by ischemia is significantly better than F, DCA and the combined administration of the two, and slightly better than the NBP group. The results suggest that FDCA is an effective anti-ischemic stroke drug candidate, which is worthy of further study.

As an inhibitor of ROCK, fasudil can relax blood vessels, lower blood pressure, inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and inhibit vascular remodeling; and dichloroacetate is an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, which can increase pyruvate The activity of dehydrogenase promotes the aerobic metabolism of glucose and reduces the production of lactic acid; it can also promote the expression of potassium channels, especially Kv1.5, inhibit the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and promote their apoptosis. Therefore, the combined administration of fasudil and dichloroacetate can treat pulmonary hypertension, ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases from multiple mechanisms. Compared with co-administration, fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) as a whole molecule has a higher bioavailability and concentration in the brain than fasudil hydrochloride, so it shows more Good activity.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the effect of the compound in Example 5 on the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in PASMCs and PAECs under PDGF-BB and hypoxic culture conditions; PASMs: pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells; PAECs: pulmonary artery endothelial cells; PDGF-BB: platelets Derived growth factor BB; IL-6; interleukin-6; CON: blank control group; Hypoxia: hypoxia; FDCA: fasudil dichloroacetate; F: fasudil dihydrochloride; DCA : Dichloroacetate sodium salt; F+DCA: Fasudil dihydrochloride and dichloroacetate sodium salt combined administration group.

Figure 2 shows the effect of the compound in Example 5 on the hemodynamics of MCT-induced PAH model rats; mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure, RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; mSAP: mean systemic circulation pressure; RV/LV+S: right heart Hypertrophy index; Control: control group, MCT: monocrotaline; FDCA: fasudil dichloroacetate; F: fasudil dihydrochloride; DCA: dichloroacetate sodium; F+DCA: method Sudil dihydrochloride and sodium dichloroacetate combined administration group.

Figure 3 shows the effect of each administration group on the ratio of pulmonary artery wall thickness to pulmonary artery diameter (PAMT) and the degree of fibrosis in Example 5; PAMT: rat pulmonary artery wall thickness and lung size Ratio of artery diameter; Fibrosis: fibrosis; Control: control group, MCT: monocrotaline; FDCA: fasudil dichloroacetate; F: fasudil dihydrochloride; DCA: sodium dichloroacetate Salt; F+DCA: Fasudil dihydrochloride and sodium dichloroacetate combined administration group.

Figure 4 shows the effect of each administration group on the area of right ventricular cardiomyocytes and the degree of fibrosis in Example 5; CAS: cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes; Fibrosis: fibrosis; Control: control group, MCT: monocrotaline; FDCA: Fasudil dichloroacetate; F: Fasudil dihydrochloride; DCA: Dichloroacetate sodium salt; F+DCA: Fasudil dihydrochloride and dichloroacetate sodium salt combined administration group.

Figure 5A shows the effect of different compounds in Example 6 on brain edema in SAH rats; Figure 5B shows the effect of different compounds in Example 6 on the spontaneous activity score of SAH rats.

Fig. 6 is a TTC staining image of the brain tissue of tMCAO model rats in Example 7.

Figure 7 is a statistical diagram of the cerebral infarct area of tMCAO model rats in Example 7.

Fig. 8 shows the neurological function score of tMCAO model rats in Example 7.

Fig. 9 is a graph showing the cerebral infarct area of tMCAO model rat and the score of rat neurological function in Example 7.

detailed description

In order to further clarify the present invention, a series of examples are given below. These examples are completely illustrative. They are only used to describe the present invention in detail and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

Fasudil dichloroacetate

Compound synthesis and characterization data:

At room temperature, put 10g fasudil in a 100mL eggplant-shaped bottle, add 20mL tap water or purified water for stirring, then weigh 4.87g dichloroacetic acid, slowly add dropwise to the above suspension, it is found in the process of dropping Fasudil may gradually dissolve and finish dripping. Continue to stir at room temperature for 10 min. Then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, the residue was added with ether for washing 3 times, the ether was discarded, and then recrystallized with an organic solvent, filtered to obtain a white solid, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain 13.95g of the target compound, yield It was 96.9%. Mp: 141-143°C. ¹ H NMR (300MHz, D ₂ O, TMS) δ 9.20 (s, 1H), 8.49 (d, J = 6.2, 1H), 8.21-8.29 (m, 3H), 7.72 ( t, J=7.7, 1H), 6.03(s, 1H), 3.72(t, J=5.0, 2H), 3.53(t, J=6.1, 2H), 3.35-3.41(m, 4H), 2.09-2.17 (m, 2H). ¹³ C NMR (75MHz, D ₂ O) δ 170.25, 152.36, 142.97, 134.17, 133.01, 131.0, 130.25, 128.10, 126.03, 116.69, 68.07, 46.76, 46.22, 44.41, 43.46, 24.99. ESI-MS (70 eV) m/z: 292.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Example 2

Netarsudil dichloroacetate

Compound synthesis and characterization data:

4-(3-Amino-1-(isoquinolin-6-ylamino)-1-oxoprop-2-yl)benzyl 2,4-dimethylbenzoate (100mg, 0.22mmol) dissolved In tetrahydrofuran, dichloroacetic acid (28 mg, 0.22 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction system, stirred at room temperature for 10 min, and spin-dried to obtain a pale yellow solid, which is netarsudil dichloroacetate. ¹ H NMR (300MHz, DMSO) δ: 11.07 (s, 1H), 9.22 (s, 1H), 8.43 (s, 2H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 8.11 (d, J = 8.70 Hz, 2H), 7.82(t, J=15.60Hz, 3H), 7.51(s, 4H), 7.14(s, 2H), 6.52(s, 1H), 5.28(s, 2H), 4.32(m, 1H), 3.56(m , 2H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 3H). ESI-MS (70eV) m/z: 454.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Example 3

Ripasudil dichloroacetate

Compound synthesis and characterization data:

At room temperature, put 100mg Ripasudil in a 50mL eggplant-shaped bottle, add 3mL tap water or purified water to stir, then weigh 48mg dichloroacetic acid, slowly add dropwise to the above suspension, the reaction solution is found to gradually dissolve during the dropping process , Dibi. Continue to stir at room temperature for 10 min. Then the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was added with ether for washing 3 times, the ether was discarded, and a light yellow solid was obtained by filtration, which was then dried in a vacuum drying oven to obtain 113.1 mg of the target compound with a yield of 81%. ¹ H-NMR (300MHz, D ₂ O, δ): 1.11 (3H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 1.96-2.24 (2H, m), 3.13-3.39 (2H, m), 3.44-3.72 (4H, m), 3.76 (1H, m), 5.99 (1H, s), 7.69 (1H, m), 8.16-8.30 (2H, m), 8.31-8.42 (1H, s), 8.93 (1H, s); ESI -MS (70eV) m/z: 324.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Example 4

The compound's inhibitory activity on ROCK-I and II:

Table 1. Inhibitory activity (nM) of compounds on ROCK-I and ROCK-II

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the inhibitory activity of fasudil dichloroacetate on ROCK-I and ROCK-II is stronger than that of fasudil on ROCK-I and ROCK-II;

The inhibitory activity of Netarsudil dichloroacetate on ROCK-I and ROCK-II is stronger than that of Netarsudil on ROCK-I and ROCK-II;

The inhibitory activity of Ripasudil dichloroacetate on ROCK-I and ROCK-II is stronger than that of Ripasudil on ROCK-I and ROCK-II.

Example 5

Prevent and/or treat pulmonary hypertension

1. The effect of FDCA on the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 in PASMCs and PAECs cells in PDGF-BB and hypoxia culture models

Pulmonary hypertension, especially pulmonary hypertension associated with connective tissue diseases, is often accompanied by inflammation. The inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) can activate the inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6) to promote the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Fibrosis of blood vessels and remodeling of pulmonary arterioles. First, cell experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) on hypoxic culture conditions and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). The influence of TNF-α and IL-6 expression. Cell grouping: ①normal cell group (Control); ②PDGF-BB or hypoxic cultured model group; ③model group + fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA); ④model group + fasudil hydrochloride (F) Treatment group; ⑤Model group + sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) treatment group; ⑥Model group + F and DCA combined administration group. The experimental method is as follows. PGDFBB model group: Cells were passaged to 3-6 generations, 24h after culture, PDGFBB (5 μl for 10 ml) was added for 24h, and then starved for 48h, and the drug was added. The concentration of each administration group was 50μM. After cultured for 72h, ELISA was performed Statistics of the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in the cells of each group; hypoxic model group: cells were passaged to 3-6 generations, then starved for 24 hours and then hypoxia cultured for 24 hours, administered, the concentration of each administration group was 50μM, the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in each group of cells was counted by ELISA after 72 hours of culture). As shown in Figure 1, both hypoxic culture conditions and PDGF-BB can significantly increase the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in PASMCs and PAECs, suggesting that both hypoxic culture conditions and PDGF-BB can significantly increase inflammation; The administration group inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 to varying degrees in the two cell strains and reduced inflammation. Among them, the FDCA group has the best anti-inflammatory effect, which is better than F, DCA and the combined administration group of the two. It is suggested that F and DCA have a certain synergistic effect in anti-inflammatory. The possible reason is that FDCA as a whole molecule has a better ability to cross the cell membrane than F and DCA.

2. The effect of FDCA compound on the hemodynamics of PAH model rats induced by MCT

Further study the therapeutic effects of FDCA and related compounds in the rat PAH model induced by monocrotaline (MCT). Animal groups: ① normal control group; ② normal control group + FDCA; ③ MCT model group; ④ Fasudil dihydrochloride (F) treatment group; ⑤ DCA treatment group; ⑥ F+DCA combined treatment group; ⑦ FDCA administration group. Establishment of rat model: Animal model group and treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with monocrotaline (MCT) 60mg/kg once, and normal control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline. Experimental treatment: On the 14th day of monocrotaline injection, each administration group was given an equimolar dose. The administration method was intragastric administration, once a day, 37.5mg/kg in F group and 15.5mg/kg in DCA group , F+DCA combination treatment group includes F (37.5mg/kg) and DCA 15.5mg/kg, normal control group + FDCA group 43.3mg/kg; FDCA group 43.3mg/kg. The normal group and the model group were fed the same amount of normal saline. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean systemic circulation pressure (mSAP) were measured on the 28th day in each group. Then the rats were sacrificed to take lung tissue and heart for right heart hypertrophy index (RV/LV+ S), PCNA detection, immunohistochemical staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining and other treatments to evaluate the hemodynamics, average pulmonary artery thickness, pulmonary fibrosis degree, right heart function and other aspects of each administration group active. The results are shown in Figure 2. Compared with the normal control group, direct administration of FDCA has little effect on the mPAP, RVSP and RV/LV+S of normal rats, indicating that FDCA is safer. The MCT model group can significantly increase mPAP, RVSP and RV/LV+S. Each administration group can effectively reduce mPAP, RVSP and RV/LV+S, and the FDCA group has the strongest activity in reducing mPAP, and RVSP and RV/LV+S are better than F, DCA and the combined administration of the two. In addition, each administration group had less influence on mSAP.

3. The effect of FDCA compound on the pulmonary artery of PAH model rats induced by MCT

As shown in Figure 3, the effects of different administration groups on the ratio of pulmonary artery wall thickness to pulmonary artery diameter (PAMT) and the degree of fibrosis in rats. It can be found that FDCA can effectively reduce the degree of PAMT and pulmonary artery fibrosis. , Slightly better than F, DCA and the combined administration of the two.

4. The effect of FDCA compound on the right ventricle of PAH model rats induced by MCT

As shown in Figure 4, the effects of each administration group on the area of right ventricular cardiomyocytes and the degree of fibrosis showed that compared with the blank control, the MCT model group significantly increased the area of right ventricular cardiomyocytes and the degree of fibrosis. The administration group, especially FDCA, can significantly reduce the area and fibrosis of right ventricle myocardial cells, which is better than F, DCA and the combined administration group. The results suggest that FDCA can effectively inhibit the proliferation and remodeling of right ventricular myocardial cells.

Example 6

Prevention and/or treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Experimental animal

SPF-grade SD rats, weighing 260-340g, male and female, purchased from Beijing Weitong Lihua Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd., raised in an SPF-grade breeding environment, the indoor temperature is controlled at 23±2℃, free eating and drinking . There are 32 animals in total. Sham operation group: equal volume of normal saline containing 1% DMSO (n=8);

experimental method

Test grouping situation and drug concentration selection:

SAH model group: equal volume of normal saline containing 1% DMSO (n=8); Fasudil dihydrochloride (F) group: (26.0mg/kg) (n=8); sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) ) Group: (10.7mg/kg) (n=8): fasudil dihydrochloride combined with sodium dichloroacetate (F+DDCA) group: (F: 26.0 mg/kg; DCA: 10.7 mg/kg) (n=8); FDCA group: (30mg/kg) (n=8); all drugs were formulated into physiological saline solution containing 1% DMSO, and the administration method was tail vein injection. They were administered once 0.5h and 6h after SAH (modeling of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats). The sham operation group and the model group were given equal volumes of normal saline containing 1% DMSO instead.

Model and method of administration

References (Stroke, 1995, 26, 1086-1092) described the intravascular perforation model of SAH. The rat is anesthetized, intubated and artificially ventilated with 3% isoflurane in 70%/30% medical air/oxygen during the operation. Monitor body temperature through rectal probe and maintain normal heat through heat lamp. A sharpened 4-0 nylon suture was introduced into the left internal carotid artery (ICA) until resistance was felt (about 18 mm from the bifurcation of the common carotid artery). The suture is then pushed in further to pierce the bifurcation of the anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery until the resistance is overcome and withdrawn immediately after the perforation. In sham-operated animals, the suture was inserted into the left ICA, but no perforation was performed. After the suture was removed, the incision was closed, and the rat was housed individually in a heated cage until recovery.

Scoring of spontaneous activity: Place the rat in a spacious cage that can move freely and all four walls can reach to score the spontaneous activity. 24 hours after the SAH model was established, two experimenters evaluated and recorded the experimental rats in a double-blind manner. The average of the two groups was taken as the final score. The rats were killed immediately after the spontaneous activity was observed. The spontaneous activity score is divided into 4 levels according to the animal’s mental state and movement: level 1, normal activity of the rat, no activity disorder, actively explore the surrounding environment, at least touch the upper edge of the three cage walls; level 2, mild activity disorder, namely The rat is mentally poor, lethargic, and has a certain delay in action. It does not reach all the cage walls, but he touches the upper edge of at least one cage wall; grade 3, moderate mobility impairment, that is, the rat can hardly stand and is almost in the cage No activity; grade 4, severe mobility impairment, that is, the rat does not move and shows limb paralysis. The results are shown in Figure 5A.

Determination of brain water content: Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after SAH modeling, the brain and cerebellum were quickly taken out, and the surface blood was sucked off with filter paper. Weigh the masses of the brain and cerebellum (wet weight) with an electronic balance, then put the brain tissue in an oven and bake at 105°C to a constant weight, and weigh the masses (dry weight) of the brain and cerebellum again. The calculation formula of brain tissue water content is: brain tissue water content (%)=(wet weight-dry weight)/wet weight×100%. The tissue water content of the cerebellum was used as a normal control. The results are shown in Figure 5B.

Measurement of basilar artery diameter, lumen area and wall thickness: HE stain the tissue sections of the above groups of basilar arteries, observe and take pictures under an optical microscope, and use image pro-plus6.0 image analysis system to measure the basilar artery Diameter, lumen area and wall thickness. The measurement method of the lumen area is as follows: measure the lumen circumference (L) along the inner surface of the basilar artery, and calculate the lumen diameter according to the formula: diameter (d) = L/π, and radius (r) = L/2π to calculate the tube Lumen radius, lumen area (S) is calculated according to the formula: S=πr ² . The measurement method of wall thickness is as follows: measure the distance from the inner surface of the basilar artery to the outer edge of the media, excluding the adventitia. Each vessel selects 4 different detection points to measure the thickness of the vessel wall, and takes the average value as the measured value of the vessel. The results are shown in Table 1.

Measurement of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the top cortex: A small trephine with a diameter of 5mm was used to open the bone window at the top of the post, with the center located 1mm behind the Bergma point and 3mm behind the outside. Fix the probe of the LDF3 laser Doppler blood flow meter on the micro thruster of the directional instrument, and observe the rCBF in time before preparation of SAH and 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after SAH. The results are shown in Table 2.

Statistical method: Spontaneous activity score data is represented by a scatter plot, and the rest of the data are represented by means±SD; the spontaneous activity score uses Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test according to statistical differences between groups, and the remaining data groups have statistical differences Using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test, a P value less than 0.05 is considered a significant difference.

2.3 Experimental results

As shown in Figure 5A-5B, compared with the SAH model control group, the administration of different test compounds F, F+DCA and FDCA can significantly improve animal neurological scores and significantly reduce the brain water content of rats caused by SAH. Among them, FDCA showed the strongest activity, significantly better than F and DCA, and slightly better than F+DCA. In addition, the FDCA group significantly improved the basilar artery diameter, lumen area and wall thickness (Table 1) and the top cortical regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) (Table 2), which was significantly better than the F, DCA and F+DCA groups. The above results show that FDCA has significant anti-subarachnoid hemorrhage activity, which is superior to the marketed drug fasudil dihydrochloride, and the combined administration of fasudil dihydrochloride and sodium dichloroacetate.

Table 1. Measurement of lumen diameter, lumen area and lumen thickness of the basilar artery in rats in each administration group

Note: *P<0.05, **P<0.01 compared with model, #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 compared with F+DCA group.

Table 2 Effects of compounds on changes of local cerebral blood flow in SAH rats

Note: Compared with model *P<0.05, **P<0.01, compared with F+DCA group #P<0.05,##P<0.01

Example 7

Prevention and/or treatment of ischemic stroke

In order to study whether FDCA has a neuroprotective effect in vivo, a transient rat cerebral ischemia model (tMCAO) was selected for experiment.

Model and administration method: Rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 10% chloral hydrate (350mg/kg), fixed on the experimental table in supine position, neck incision, skin incision with scalpel, blunt separation of various layers of tissue, according to Anatomy of the rat’s neck vessels. The left common carotid artery (CCA) was separated under a stereo microscope, and the left external carotid artery (ECA) and internal carotid artery were separated upwards. Double ligation, and the superior thyroid artery and occipital artery were cut off Two branches of external carotid arteries, double ligation of ECA at approximately 5mm-8mm near the bifurcation of CCA, clamp the proximal end of ICA and CCA with arteriole clamps respectively, indwelling a single knot at the proximal bifurcation of ECA but not Tighten the silk thread, make a 0.2mm diameter V-shaped micro incision between the proximal ECA ligature and the bifurcation of the common carotid artery, gently insert the nylon thread through the incision, and gently tighten the knot, Cut the internal carotid artery between the two ligatures to make it consistent with the direction of the internal carotid artery. Loosen the arterial clamp, and send the nylon thread along the ECA through the ICA into the skull. The insertion depth is about 18mm-20mm and stops when there is slight resistance. The end is located at the beginning of the MCA, the blood flow of the MCA is blocked, the silk thread is tightened, the incision is sutured, and the tail end of the nylon thread is left outside the body.

After 2 hours of ischemia, the rats were anesthetized again with 10% chloral hydrate, and the nylon thread was gently pulled to return the head to the micro incision (slight resistance) to restore the blood supply to the middle cerebral artery for reperfusion. Rats in the sham operation group only underwent anesthesia and vascular separation, without ligating blood vessels and introducing thread plugs, and keeping the animals warm after the operation. Administration method: rats were injected into the tail vein after 4h and 24h ischemia. After 48 hours of ischemia, the neurological function was scored and the rats were sacrificed.

Grouping: sham operation group (Sham); blank solvent group (Vehicle); fasudil dihydrochloride group (F, 30mg/kg, tail vein injection); FDCA group (30mg/kg, tail vein injection); D Phthalide group (NBP, 5mg/kg, tail vein injection)

TTC staining: make four coronal cuts at the optic chiasma and 2mm before and after the whole brain. After cutting into five slices, quickly place the brain slices in 5ml of phosphate buffer solution containing 2% TTC, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 10 minutes. Turn over every 7 to 8 minutes during the incubation process, take out the brain slices after 10 minutes of incubation, take a photo with a digital camera (Olympus C-4000, Japan), and then separate the pale area (infarct area) and non-pale area with ophthalmic forceps (Normal area), calculate the percentage of infarction through Image pro-plus 6.0 as follows:

Percentage of infarction (%)=weight of pale area/(weight of pale area+weight of non-pale area)×100%

Neural function rating: 48 hours after ischemia, the animal’s neurological deficits will be graded and scored according to Longa’s method. The standards are as follows:

0 points: no neurological symptoms are observed;

1 point: When the tail is suspended in the air, the contralateral forelimb of the animal shows wrist elbow flexion, shoulder internal rotation, elbow abduction, and close to the chest wall;

2 points: When the animal is placed on a smooth surface and the shoulder of the operation side is pushed to the opposite side, the resistance is reduced;

3 points: When the animal walks freely, it turns or turns to the opposite side of the operation;

4 points; soft paralysis, no spontaneous movement of limbs.

Statistical method: The neurological deficit grading and scoring data are represented by the median, and the rest of the data are represented by means±SD; the statistical difference between the neurological deficit grading and scoring data groups uses the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test, and the remaining data groups One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical differences between the two, and a P value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.

The results showed that FDCA (30mg/kg) administered to rats effectively reduced the cerebral infarct area (infarct area percentage: 7.48%) after 4 hours of ischemia, which was significantly lower than the blank solvent group (31.4%) and the marketed drug NBP group (21.1 %), significantly better than the fasudil dihydrochloride (30mg/kg) group (13.6%) (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7); in addition, FDCA also significantly improved ischemia-induced neurobehavior Dysfunction is significantly better than fasudil hydrochloride and slightly better than NBP (Figure 8).

In the rat tMCAO model, the activity of FDCA and equimolar doses of fasudil dihydrochloride (F), dichloroacetate sodium (DCA) and the two equimolar combined administration were further investigated. The modeling method and time of administration are the same as above. The results showed that FDCA (30mg/kg) administered to rats effectively reduced the cerebral infarct area (infarct area percentage: 6.78%) after 4 hours of ischemia, which was significantly better than F (26.0 mg/kg, infarct area percentage: 22.8%) DCA (10.7 mg/kg, infarct area percentage: 23.4%) and, and the combined administration group of the two (infarct area percentage: 15.2%) (Figure 9). In addition, FDCA also significantly improved ischemia-induced neurobehavioral dysfunction, better than F, DCA and the combined administration of the two (Figure 9).

Example 8

Study on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of fasudil hydrochloride (F) fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA)

The pharmacokinetic properties of F and FDCA under two administration routes of intravenous injection and gavage were investigated. As shown in Table 3, in the intravenous administration group, FDCA showed a slightly longer half-life (0.440 vs. 0.265 hours) compared to F, while in the intragastric administration group, FDCA showed greater Cmax, AUC and F Bioavailability, the bioavailability of F is 4.41±1.23%, and the bioavailability of FDCA is 8.43±2.7%, which is about doubled. These results can preliminarily explain that the FDCA administered intragastrically in the pulmonary hypertension rat model test has a higher bioavailability and in vivo concentration, resulting in a stronger activity than F.

Table 3. Pharmacokinetic parameters of F and FDCA (n=3)

parameter	unit	F (vein)	FDCA (venous)	F (Gavage)	FDCA (Gavage)
Dosage	mg/kg	6.24	7.2	12.48	14.4
K el	h -1	2.67±0.444	1.59±0.172	0.910±0.432	0.790±0.2581
t 1/2	h	0.265±0.05	0.440±0.05	0.867±0.34	0.943±0.30
t max	h	/	/	0.25±0	0.25±0
C max	ng·mL -1	1715±120	1511±330	84.2±46.5	113±46.5
C 0	ng·mL -1	2815±689	1950±475	/	/
AUC 0-t	h·ng·mL -1	669±26	649±183	55.4±16.5	109±35
AUC 0-inf	h·ng·mL -1	672±26	651±182	59.8±18.4	117±43
AUMC 0-t	h·h·ng·mL -1	182±5	211±75	52.8±26.6	119±51
AUMC 0-inf	h·h·ng·mL -1	190±7	222±75	75.7±42.7	160±98
CL	mL·min -1 ·kg -1	155±6	194±54	/	/
MRT IV	h	0.283±0.01	0.336±0.04	/	/
Vd SS	L·kg -1	2.63±0.1	3.86±0.8	/	/
MRT PO	h	/	/	1.20±0.52	1.29±0.3
F	%	/	/	4.14±1.23	8.43±2.7

The tissue distribution of F and FDCA in the whole body after intravenous administration was further investigated. As shown in Tables 4 and 5, with equimolar doses, the distribution of FDCA in the brain was significantly higher than that of group F (463 vs. 193 0.25 h, 95.1 vs. 53.9 1 h, ng/g). These results preliminarily explain the possible reasons why FDCA administered intravenously is more active than F in models of vasospasm and cerebral ischemia caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Table 4. Fasudil (F) intravenous injection (6.24mg/kg) 0.25 and 1h tissue distribution in rats (ng/g, n=3)

Table 5. Fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA) intravenous injection (7.20mg/kg) 0.25 and 1h after the tissue distribution in rats (ng/g, n=3)

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also Should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A class of compounds, characterized in that they are ROCK inhibitor-dichloroacetic acid double salt.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the ROCK inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of fasudil, Netarsudil, and Ripasudil.
3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is fasudil dichloroacetate, the structural formula is as follows:

   
4. The compound of claim 3, wherein the preparation method of fasudil dichloroacetate is:

   Put an appropriate amount of fasudil in the reaction container, add an appropriate amount of reaction solvent and mix to obtain a mixed solution of fasudil and the reaction solvent;

   Add an appropriate amount of dichloroacetic acid to the above mixed liquid while stirring at a reaction temperature of 0-100 degrees, and continue to stir for a period of time after dripping to obtain a reaction liquid;

   Then the reaction solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, washed, and recrystallized to obtain fasudil dichloroacetate.
5. The compound according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound is Netarsudil dichloroacetate, the structural formula is as follows:

   
6. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is Ripasudil dichloroacetate; the structural formula is as follows:

   
7. A pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or its optical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates or racemic mixtures, Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.
8. The use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating pulmonary hypertension.
9. Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of a medicine for preventing and/or treating subarachnoid hemorrhage disease.
10. Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of a medicine for preventing and/or treating ischemic stroke disease.

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