WO2020173436A1

WO2020173436A1 - Vehicle and vehicle body collision energy absorption device thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2020173436A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/076621
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姜士鸿; 闵韩琴; 丛立新; 张强; 孙文跃
Original assignee: 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2020-09-03
Also published as: SG11202007588WA; EP3741643B1; HUE063554T2; RS64841B1; EP3741643A1; EP3741643A4

Abstract

A vehicle and a vehicle body collision energy absorption device thereof. A car coupler (8) of the vehicle body collision energy absorption device comprises a car coupler body (81) and an expansion pipe (82) capable of absorbing energy and stretching relative to the car coupler body (81), and the car coupler body (81) is arranged on a car coupler mounting plate (1); a vehicle body structure (2) is provided with an energy absorption cavity, and the car coupler mounting plate (1) and the expansion pipe (82) are located in the energy absorption cavity. The device also comprises a compression energy absorption unit (6) arranged in the energy absorption cavity, a locking device (3) used for locking the car coupler mounting plate (1) relative to the energy absorption cavity, a retreating support (5) arranged between the car coupler mounting plate (1) and the compression energy absorption unit (6), and a shear pin (4) connected between the vehicle body structure (2) and the retreating support (5). One end of the compression energy absorption unit (6) abuts against a rear plate of the energy absorption cavity. The retreating support (5) is arranged in the energy absorption cavity in a sliding mode and provided with a locking component and a linkage structure, the locking component unlocks the locking device (3) after getting away from the car coupler mounting plate (1), and the linkage structure is provided with a positioning structure which is positioned axial to the expansion pipe (82). The present vehicle body collision energy absorption device improves the energy absorption effect and guarantees safety and security for the life and property of passengers.

Description

Vehicle and its body collision energy absorbing device

This application is required to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on February 26, 2019. The application number is

201910141398.3, the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled "Vehicle and its body collision energy absorbing device", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

201920244002.3, the priority of the Chinese patent application with the title of "Vehicle and its body collision energy absorbing device", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of energy absorbing safety protection equipment, and more particularly to a vehicle and its body collision energy absorbing device.

BACKGROUND With the rapid development of my country's rail transit construction, travel is more convenient, and the harm caused by accidents is also increasing. While improving the reliability of active control, the passive safety of rail passenger cars has gradually become the focus of attention. . In order to reduce the huge damage to the car body structure when rail transit vehicles collide with each other, how to ensure the safety of train collision is worthy of the designer's deep consideration. When a rail train collides, the leading vehicle has the greatest impact, and subsequent vehicles are gradually reduced. Considering the energy absorption requirements of the train and the actual energy absorption method, an absorption device with more energy absorbing energy is usually arranged on the leading vehicle.

When two high-speed trains collided, the first part that was hit was the coupler. In order to absorb as much energy as possible from train collision, it should be ensured that the structure of the coupler can safely and reliably absorb more energy.

Therefore, how to improve the energy absorption effect and ensure the safety of passengers' lives and properties is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device to improve the energy absorbing effect and ensure the safety of passengers' lives and property. The present invention also provides a vehicle with the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, comprising a coupler, a coupler mounting plate and a car body structure; the coupler includes a coupler body and an expansion tube that absorbs energy and expands relative to the coupler body, and the coupler body is installed on the coupler On board

The vehicle body structure has an energy absorbing cavity, and the coupler mounting plate and the expansion tube are located in the energy absorbing cavity;

It also includes a compression energy absorption unit arranged in the energy absorption cavity, a locking device for locking the coupler mounting plate relative to the energy absorption cavity, and the compression energy absorption unit arranged on the coupler mounting plate And a shear pin connecting the vehicle body structure and the backward support;

One end of the compression energy absorption unit abuts against the back plate of the energy absorption cavity: the retreat support is slidably arranged in the energy absorption cavity, and the retreat support has a locking component and a linkage structure, The locking member unlocks the locking device after being away from the coupler mounting plate, the linkage structure has a positioning structure axially positioned with the expansion tube; the expansion tube drives the guide tube and the When the backward support slides, the shear pin breaks.

Preferably, in the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the locking device is a trapezoidal block that can rotate relative to the vehicle body structure, and the end surface of the coupler mounting plate approaches in a direction approaching the compression energy absorbing unit The direction of the coupler is inclined;

When the locking device is in the locked state, the large end of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the retreating support, one side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate, and the other of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate. One side surface is in contact with the locking component;

After the retreat support is separated from the trapezoidal block, the trapezoidal block can rotate relative to the vehicle body structure and be separated from the coupler mounting plate.

Preferably, in the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the cross section of the trapezoidal block is a right-angled trapezoid; the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the side where the trapezoidal block contacts the end surface of the coupler mounting plate The right-angled waist of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the side of the trapezoidal block in contact with the locking member; the locking member is a limit block located between the trapezoidal block and the vehicle body structure.

Preferably, the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device further includes a limiting protrusion provided at the opening of the energy absorbing cavity for restricting the coupler mounting plate from sliding out of the energy absorbing cavity.

Preferably, in the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the number of the limiting protrusions is two and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opening of the energy absorbing cavity.

Preferably, in the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the linkage structure is a guide tube fixedly connected to the retreat support and penetrating the compression energy absorbing unit, and the guide tube is sleeved on the outside of the expansion tube .

Preferably, in the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the rear plate of the energy absorbing cavity has an escape hole for the guide tube and the expansion tube to pass through.

Preferably, in the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the positioning structure of the guide tube is a stepped surface; the outer surface of the expansion tube has a shoulder structure that can cooperate with the stepped surface.

Preferably, in the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the number of the locking devices is two and they are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the coupler mounting plate.

The present invention also provides a vehicle including a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device being the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to any one of the above.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the car body collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention, when two high-speed rails collide, the coupler is impacted, and the expansion tube extends relative to the coupler body to complete the first energy absorption: and, The linkage structure has a positioning structure that is axially positioned with the expansion tube; after the expansion tube extends relative to the coupler body, the expansion tube drives the guide tube and the retreat support to slide, and the shear pin breaks, causing the retreat support to move away from the coupler mounting plate. Moving in the direction, the locking component unlocks the locking device, and the locking device unlocks the coupler mounting plate; the coupler mounting plate slides in the energy absorbing cavity under the action of impact force and moves toward the compression energy absorbing unit, which is compressed by the compression energy absorbing unit , Complete the second energy absorption. The vehicle body collision energy absorption device provided by the present invention effectively improves the energy absorption effect and ensures the safety of passengers' lives and property.

The present invention also provides a vehicle including a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, and the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device is any of the vehicle body collision energy absorbing devices described above. Since the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device has the aforementioned technical effects, the vehicle with the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device should also have the same technical effects, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, in the following description The drawings are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a second structure diagram of a vehicle body impact energy absorbing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is provided by an embodiment of the present invention The third structural schematic diagram of the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device; FIG. 4 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention discloses a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device to improve the energy absorbing effect and ensure the safety of passengers' lives and property. The present invention also provides a vehicle with the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, including a coupler 8, a coupler mounting plate 1, and a body structure 2; the coupler 8 includes a coupler body 81 and an energy-absorbing and retractable device relative to the coupler body 81 The expansion tube 82, the coupler main body 81 is arranged on the coupler mounting plate 1; the car body structure 2 has an energy absorbing cavity, and the coupler mounting plate 1 and the expansion tube 82 are located in the energy absorbing cavity; it also includes compression arranged in the energy absorbing cavity The energy absorbing unit 6, the locking device 3 that locks the coupler mounting plate 1 relative to the energy absorbing cavity, the retreat support 5 arranged between the coupler mounting plate 1 and the compression energy absorbing unit 6, and the connecting car body structure 2 and retreat Shear pin 4 between the supports 5; one end of the compression energy absorbing unit 6 abuts against the back plate of the energy absorbing cavity; the backward support 5 is slidably arranged in the energy absorbing cavity, and the backward support 5 has a locking component And the linkage structure, the locking component unlocks the locking device 3 after being far away from the coupler mounting plate 1, and the linkage structure has an axial alignment with the expansion tube 82 Position positioning structure: when the expansion tube 82 drives the guide tube 7 and the retreat support 5 to slide, the shear pin 4 is broken. According to the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when two high-speed rails collide, the coupler 8 is impacted, and the expansion tube 82 extends relative to the coupler body 81 to complete the first energy absorption; and the linkage structure has A positioning structure for the axial positioning of the expansion tube 82; after the expansion tube 82 extends relative to the coupler body 81, the expansion tube 82 drives the guide tube 7 and the retreat support 5 to slide, and the shear pin 4 breaks, causing the retreat support 5 to move away The coupler mounting plate 1 moves in the direction, the locking component unlocks the locking device 3, and the locking device 3 unlocks the coupler mounting plate 1: The coupler mounting plate 1 slides in the energy absorbing cavity under the action of the impact force and compresses the energy absorbing unit 6 movement, through the compression of the compression energy absorption unit 6, the second energy absorption is completed. The vehicle body collision energy absorption device provided by the embodiment of the present invention effectively improves the energy absorption effect and ensures the safety of passengers' lives and property.

As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, after the shear pin 4 is broken, a first shear pin portion 41 fixed in the car body structure 2 and a second shear pin portion fixed in the rear support 5 are formed 42.

In this embodiment, the locking device 3 is a trapezoidal block that can rotate relative to the vehicle body structure 2. The end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1 is inclined in the direction close to the compression energy absorption unit 6 to the direction close to the coupler 8. 3 In the locked state, the large end of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the retreat support 5, one side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1, and the other side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the locking component: on the retreat support 5. After being separated from the trapezoidal block, the trapezoidal block can rotate relative to the vehicle body structure 2 and separate from the coupler mounting plate 1. After the retreat support 5 is away from the coupler mounting plate 1, the other side of the trapezoidal block is separated from the locking part, and the trapezoidal block can rotate relative to the car body structure 2, thereby separating one side of the trapezoidal block from the end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1 , Thereby enabling the coupler mounting plate 1 to move toward the compression energy absorbing unit 6 under the action of impact force.

Among them, since the end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1 is inclined in the direction close to the compression energy-absorbing unit 6 to the direction close to the coupler 8, when one side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1, the trapezoidal block restricts the coupling of the coupler mounting plate 1. mobile.

Preferably, one side surface of the above-mentioned trapezoidal block is in surface contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate 1 and the other side surface of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the locking member.

In order to further improve the stability, the cross section of the trapezoidal block is a right-angled trapezoid: the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the side of the trapezoidal block contacting the end face of the coupler mounting plate 1; ; The locking component is a limit block located between the trapezoidal block and the vehicle body structure 2. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a limiting protrusion arranged at the opening of the energy absorbing cavity and used to restrict the coupler mounting plate 1 from sliding out of the energy absorbing cavity. By providing the limit protrusions, the structural stability of the coupler mounting plate 1 is effectively improved, and the normal sliding of the coupler mounting plate 1 in the energy absorbing cavity is not restricted.

Further, the number of the limiting protrusions is two and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opening of the energy absorbing cavity. Through the above settings, the stability is effectively improved. It is also possible to arrange the limiting protrusions as a ring structure, so that the limiting protrusions are arranged along the inner wall of the opening of the energy absorbing cavity.

In this embodiment, the linkage structure is a guide tube 7 that is fixedly connected to the retreat support 5 and penetrates the compression energy absorption unit 6, and the guide tube 7 is sleeved on the outside of the expansion tube 82. Through the above arrangement, the guide tube 7 provides a guiding operation for the expansion tube 82, which effectively avoids the situation that the expansion tube 82 is placed outside, and further improves the stability of energy absorption.

In this embodiment, the back plate of the energy absorbing cavity has an escape hole for the guide tube 7 and the expansion tube 82 to pass through. Through the above arrangement, the guide tube 7 and the expansion tube 82 can directly pass through the escape hole when the guide tube 7 and the expansion tube 82 drive the retreat support 5 to the compression energy absorption unit 6, which effectively improves the structural stability and reduces the energy absorption cavity. The length requirement of the steel tube increases the structural stability.

In order to ensure the axial positioning of the guide tube 7 and the expansion tube 82, the positioning structure of the guide tube 7 is a stepped surface; the outer surface of the expansion tube 82 has a shoulder structure that can cooperate with the stepped surface. It is also possible to close one end of the guide tube 7, and after the end of the expansion tube 82 contacts the closed end of the guide tube 7, the axial positioning of the guide tube 7 and the expansion tube 82 is completed.

Wherein, when the locking device 3 locks the coupler mounting plate 1 and the retreat support 5 is in contact with the coupler mounting plate 1, there is a distance between the stepped surface of the guide tube 7 and the shoulder of the expansion tube 82 to facilitate After the expansion tube 82 extends relative to the coupler body 81 to complete the first energy absorption, the coupler installation plate 1 is unlocked, thereby completing the second energy absorption operation.

The distance between the stepped surface of the guide tube 7 and the shoulder of the expansion tube 82 is determined according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited here.

Further, the number of the locking devices 3 is two and they are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the coupler mounting plate 1. Through the above arrangement, the stability of the locking coupler mounting plate 1 is effectively improved, and it is also ensured that the coupler mounting plate 1 can slide smoothly in the energy absorbing cavity in the unlocked state. An embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle including a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, and the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device is any of the above-mentioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing devices. Since the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device has the aforementioned technical effects, a vehicle with the aforementioned vehicle body collision energy absorbing device should also have the same technical effects, which will not be repeated here.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this document can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this text, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this text.

Claims

Rights request

1. A vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, comprising a coupler (8 X coupler mounting plate (1) and a vehicle body structure (2); the coupler (8) includes a coupler body (81) and relative to the coupler body ( 81) An energy-absorbing expansion tube (82), the coupler main body (81) is arranged on the coupler mounting plate (1);

It is characterized in that the vehicle body structure (2) has an energy absorbing cavity, and the coupler mounting plate (1) and the expansion tube (82) are located in the energy absorbing cavity;

It also includes a compression energy absorbing unit (6^) arranged in the energy absorbing cavity to lock the coupler mounting plate (1) with respect to the energy absorbing cavity and a locking device (3X arranged on the coupler mounting plate) (1) A retreat support (5) between the compression energy absorption unit (6) and a shear pin (4) connecting the vehicle body structure (2) and the retreat support (5) ;

The _ end of the compression energy absorption unit (6) abuts against the back plate of the energy absorption cavity; the retreat support (5) is slidably arranged in the energy absorption cavity, and the retreat support ( 5) It has a locking component and a linkage structure that unlocks the locking device (3) after being away from the coupler mounting plate (1). The linkage structure is axially positioned with the expansion tube (82) The positioning structure; when the expansion tube (82) drives the guide tube (7) and the retreat support (5) to slide, the shear pin (4) breaks.

2. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein the locking device (3) is a trapezoidal block capable of rotating relative to the vehicle body structure (2), and the coupler mounting plate (1) The end face is inclined in the direction close to the compression energy-absorbing unit (6) to the direction close to the coupler (8); when the locking device (3) is in the locked state, the trapezoidal block The big end is in contact with the retreat support (5), one side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the end surface of the coupler mounting plate (1), and the other side of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the locking member;

After the retreat support (5) is separated from the trapezoidal block, the trapezoidal block can rotate relative to the vehicle body structure (2) and be separated from the coupler mounting plate (1).

3. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 2, wherein the cross section of the trapezoidal block is a right-angled trapezoid;

The oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the side surface where the trapezoidal block contacts the end surface of the coupler mounting plate (1): the right-angled waist of the right-angle trapezoid is located on the side surface where the trapezoidal block contacts the locking member The locking component is a limit block located between the trapezoidal block and the vehicle body structure (2).

4. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, further comprising an opening provided in the energy absorbing cavity for restricting the coupler mounting plate (1) from sliding out of the suction The limit protrusion of the energy cavity.

5. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the limiting protrusions is two and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opening of the energy absorbing cavity.

6. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein the linkage structure is a guide tube that is fixedly connected to the retreat support (5) and penetrates the compression energy absorbing unit (6) (7) The guide tube (7) is sleeved on the outside of the expansion tube (82).

7. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the rear plate of the energy absorbing cavity has a hole for the guide tube (7) and the expansion tube (82) to pass through. Avoid holes.

8. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the positioning structure of the guide tube (7:) is a stepped surface;

The outer surface of the expansion tube (82) has a shoulder structure capable of cooperating with the stepped surface.

9. The vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the number of the locking device (3) is two and is symmetrically arranged on the coupler mounting plate (1) The ends.

10. A vehicle comprising a vehicle body collision energy absorbing device, wherein the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device is the vehicle body collision energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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