WO2020164681A1 - Filter, filter insert and installation part for installation into the filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter (1) having a filter housing (2), a filter insert (3) accommodated therein so as to be replaceable, and a top piece (4), the filter housing (2), the filter insert (3) and the top piece (4) being detachably connectable to one another by means of a bayonet connection (5). The filter (1) of the invention is characterised in that: the top piece (4) is designed as or with a threaded plate (4') and has a central threaded bore (40) for a threaded nipple (7) for attaching the filter (1) to a filter connection flange (8); first connection elements (52) are arranged on the filter housing (2); second connection elements (53) are arranged on the filter insert (3) or on an installation part (3') which is loose or connected to the filter insert (3); the first and second connection elements (52, 53) together form bayonet slots (50) when the filter insert (3), or the filter insert (3) and the installation part (3'), is/are inserted in the filter housing (2); and third connection elements (54) are arranged on the top piece (4), form bayonet ribs and cooperate with the first and second connection elements (52, 53), the connection elements (52, 53, 54) together forming the bayonet connection (5). The invention further relates to a filter insert (3) that cooperates with a filter (1) of the above-mentioned kind, and to an installation part (3') for installation into the filter (1).

Description

Description:

Filter, filter insert and built-in part for installation in the filter

The present invention relates to a filter with a pot-shaped or beaker-shaped filter housing, with an interchangeably accommodated filter insert and with a head piece, the filter housing, the filter insert and the head piece being releasably connectable to one another by means of a bayonet connection. The invention also relates to a filter insert which interacts with the filter. The invention also relates to a built-in part for installation in the filter.

The document EP 2 300 123 B1 discloses a filter with a Leitungsanschlüs se for the supply of filter head to be filtered and the discharge of filtered medium having a filter housing detachably connected to the filter head and with a filter insert replaceable in the filter housing. The filter housing and the filter insert each have several half bayonet ribs which, when the filter insert is inserted into the housing, overlap and thus add up to complete bayonet ribs. On the filter head, de bayonet slots are formed with which the composite bayonet strips can be brought into engagement. The bayonet ribs each have a flexible loading rich with a locking lug and the bayonet slots each have a matching locking recess. If no filter insert is inserted into the housing, half of the bayonet ribs are missing and the housing can only be connected to the filter head loosely and leaky. A proper function of the filter is then not possible and the lack of the filter insert is immediately apparent.

The document DE 10 2015 103 619 A1 shows a device for cleaning liquid or gaseous media, with a beaker-shaped or pot-shaped housing, with an exchangeable separating element arranged in the device, which separates a raw medium area and a clean medium area from one another in the device, with a medium inlet flowing into the raw medium area Let for the medium to be cleaned, with a medium outlet for the cleaned medium going out from the clean medium area, and with a housing cover detachably connected to the housing by means of a connection, the housing having first circumferential connecting means and the housing cover having matching second circumferential connecting means, which can be rotated relative to each other in the circumferential direction in and out of engagement. The first connecting means or the second connecting means have at least one connecting means interruption running in the connecting means axial direction. The separating element has at least one positioning arm, which in the installed state of the separating element and with the housing cover connected to the housing in one of the at least one connecting means interruption corresponding position and direction running at least partially in the connecting means interruption is taken. The at least one positioning arm serves to ensure that the separating element is centered and fixed. In one embodiment of this known device, the axially extending connecting means cut telinterruptions of the substantially circumferential first connecting means, which are designed as bayonet connecting elements. The Posi tionierarme are made in one piece, each with a holding arm, which runs in Axialrich direction in each case to the radially outer edge of an upper end disk of the separating element. On the outwardly facing side of the holder arms, an inclined ramp is formed which, when the separating element is installed, forms a contour that is continuous with the first connecting means on the housing. About this continuous contour formed by the ramp and the first connecting means, when attaching the housing cover and rotating it relative to the Ge housing, the second connection means arranged in the housing cover can be guided into the position corresponding to the closed position of the housing cover. A disadvantage of this device is that a liquid-tight assembly of the housing and housing cover is possible even if the separating element is missing, so that there is a risk that the device will be operated unnoticed without the separating element and consequential damage will arise.

On the other hand, screw-on filters, also known as spin-on filters, are widely used in the form of replaceable filter cartridges with a sheet metal housing, which are attached to relatively simply designed connection flanges, for example of internal combustion engines. Machines, can be screwed on in a detachable manner, but can only be replaced as a whole, which is ecologically disadvantageous and therefore undesirable.

The present invention therefore has the task of creating a filter which replaces the ecologically disadvantageous screw-on filter, in which the filter insert can be replaced quickly and easily, which offers high functional reliability, which is easy to assemble and which is also inexpensive. In addition, a suitable filter insert is to be made available and a built-in part for installation in the filter that contributes to achieving the desired functionality of the filter is to be specified.

The solution of the first part of the problem concerning the filter succeeds inven tion with a filter of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the head piece is designed as or with a threaded plate and a central threaded hole for a threaded nipple for attaching the filter a corresponding filter connection flange having the threaded nipple, that first connection elements are arranged on the filter housing, that second connection elements are arranged on the filter insert or on a component connected or loose with the filter insert, that the first and second connection elements are arranged when the filter insert or Fil tereinsatz and mounting part with each other bayonet slots of the bayonet connection bil the, and that third connecting elements are arranged on the head piece, which form the bayonet ribs of the bayonet connection and which interact with the first and second connecting elements, wobe i the first, second and third connecting elements together form the bayonet connection.

With the invention, a filter is created which is suitable as a replacement for ecologically disadvantageous ge, only a total of replaceable screw-on filter or spin-on filter. At the same time, the filter insert in the filter according to the invention can be exchanged quickly and easily. In addition, if the filter insert or the filter insert and the built-in part in the filter housing are missing, the bayonet connection is incomplete and its connection state cannot be established, so that the filter cannot be brought into an operational state without a filter insert or without a filter insert and built-in part. Operation of the filter without a filter insert and consequential damage caused thereby are avoided. In comparison to a filter head according to the prior art cited above, the head piece is a tech- nically very simple component, which keeps the filter according to the invention inexpensive. If the built-in part is used, it can be connected to the filter element. Alternatively, the built-in part can be a loose individual part that can be inserted into the filter housing when installing the filter or when changing the filter element as part of filter maintenance after the filter element or together with it.

The invention also provides that the filter insert consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body with two end disks and that the second connecting elements are arranged on the end disk facing the head piece in the installed state or that the built-in part having the second connecting elements with the end disk facing the head piece in the installed state connected is. The filter insert must therefore only have special elements at its one end or be connected to the built-in part having the special elements in order to make it suitable for cooperation with the filter according to the invention. This means that the filter insert as an exchange and replacement part is kept technically simple and inexpensive.

The invention further proposes that when the filter insert and / or the built-in part is inserted into the filter housing, the second connecting elements can be axially inserted into first spaces between the first connecting elements on the filter housing and that, in the inserted state, the filter insert and / or the built-in part are relatively are / is not rotatable to the filter housing. In the inserted into the filter housing state of the filter insert and / or the built-in part, these components form a unit in terms of their rotatability that is only rotatable as a whole, which is technically useful for making and releasing the bayonet connection.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the second connecting elements on the filter insert or on the built-in part are designed with a stop that limits the rotation angle for rotating the filter housing and the filter insert and / or the built-in part on the one hand and the head piece on the other hand relative to each other when the Bayonet connection forms. For maintenance personnel, after changing the filter insert, an end position can thus be clearly determined when the bayonet connection is made, which reduces the risk of assembly errors. In many devices, such as internal combustion engines, which can be equipped with a filter according to the invention, a threaded nipple is already present on the connection flange for the filter. For such cases, the invention proposes that on the filter insert or on the built-in part and on the head piece interacting Ras telemente are arranged in the direction of rotation, the screwed with the threaded nipple head piece by means of the threaded nipple in a rotation of the filter housing on the one hand and the filter insert or built-in part on the other are fixed relative to the head piece unterbin Denden latching position and the screwed head piece abge a rotation of the filter housing and filter insert or mounting part relative to the head piece can be flexibly disengaged relative to the head piece. For the purpose of maintaining the filter by changing the filter insert, the complete filter, including its head piece, can first be unscrewed from the connection flange with the threaded nipple, whereby the torque required for this can be applied to the filter housing without unwanted separation of the fil ter housing and filter insert or component on the one hand and head piece on the other hand can occur. When the filter is unscrewed from the connecting flange with the threaded nipple, the bayonet connection between the filter housing and the filter insert or component on the one hand and the head piece on the other hand can be solved in order to then replace the filter insert. Then the head piece is connected again by means of the bayonet connection with the unit consisting of the filter housing and fresh Fil tereinsatz and possibly a built-in part to complete the filter again and then screw it back onto the threaded nipple of the filter connection flange as a whole.

In a further development of the filter, it is provided that the locking elements are arranged on the one hand by axially pointing, on the inner circumference of a central opening in the end plate near the head piece or on an inner support grid of the filter insert or in the built-in part, flexibly deflectable in the radial direction and on the other hand by in the central Threaded hole in the head piece extending in the axial direction, correctly positioned to the locking arms are formed locking grooves. The locking elements are housed in a very space-saving manner.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the locking grooves have an axial length which is smaller than the axial length of the thread of the threaded hole in the head piece, the locking grooves from the filter insert or the built-in part. facing side of the head piece, with an axially outer portion of the thread of the threaded bore facing away from the filter insert or the built-in part in the head piece being designed without interruption and wherein the locking arms have an axial length adapted to the axial length of the locking grooves.

From the relevant practice, designs of filter connection flanges are known that are designed without a threaded nipple and instead have a Ge threaded bore. For such cases, the invention proposes a filter, which is characterized in that a threaded nipple is screwed to the head piece, which can be screwed into a threaded bore of a filter connection flange, that a releasable anti-rotation device is arranged between the head piece and the threaded nipple and that on the The end disk of the filter insert facing the head piece anti-rotation release elements are arranged, which transfer the anti-rotation lock into the release position when the filter housing and filter insert are rotated together in the fixed direction of rotation relative to the threaded nipple. This enables a cheap way of installing the filter. To begin with, only the head piece is screwed to the threaded nipple until their mutual anti-rotation lock engages. This pre-assembled unit of head piece and threaded nipple can then be screwed into the threaded hole of the connecting flange by exerting a torque on the head piece until the Ge threaded nipple has reached its end position with a permanently tight fit in the threaded hole. The head piece then expediently still has a certain distance from the connection flange, which is useful so that the threaded nipple also safely reaches its end position. The subsequent attachment of the preassembled unit consisting of the filter housing and filter insert to the head piece by means of the bayonet connection releases the anti-rotation device between the head piece and the threaded nipple and the entire filter can be turned on the threaded nipple by applying a torque to the filter housing until the filter comes into tight contact with the connection flange.

In a specific development of the filter, it is provided that the anti-rotation lock is provided on the one hand by flexible locking hooks that are arranged on the head piece or connected to it, extending in the axial direction towards the inside of the filter, distributed over the outer circumference of the threaded nipple, inwardly prestressed in the radial direction, and on the other hand, by means of axial locking recesses which are attached in the threaded nipple and which face the end facing the filter interior is formed and that the outer circumferential surface of the end region of the threaded nipple adjacent to the end area of the threaded nipple that is adjacent to the end facing the filter interior. The elements of the anti-rotation device are designed to be both space-saving and functionally reliable. In addition, the locking hooks can slide unhindered over the smooth surface end area of the threaded nipple until they reach the locking recesses.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the anti-rotation release elements are formed by release claws, which are arranged on the inner circumference of a central opening of the end disk facing the head piece or on an inner support grid of the filter insert pointing in the tightening direction, the release claws when the filter housing and filter insert are rotated in the tightening direction relative to the Grip the threaded nipple behind the locking hooks radially on the inside and move the locking hooks in the radial direction outwards out of the locking recesses of the threaded nipple and the release claws disengaging from the locking hooks when the filter housing and filter insert are rotated in the unscrewing direction relative to the threaded nipple and the locking hooks move inwards in the radial direction move out into the locking recesses of the threaded nipple, and in the end disk on the one hand radially outside of each release claw a free space and on the other hand depending on the relative rotation of the end plate u nd locking hook in Losdrehrich direction limiting, in the circumferential direction of the end plate relative to the release claw ver set stop is formed.

The locking hooks are preferably part of a sheet metal plate made of spring sheet metal and connected to the head piece. In this way, the locking hooks are given the spring properties necessary for their function. Irrespective of this, the threaded plate of the head piece can then consist of a suitable other material, for example aluminum or steel.

In the case of the filter according to the invention, there is advantageously the further possibility that the parts of a filter bypass valve are arranged on the head piece and / or on the spring metal plate and / or between the head piece and the spring metal plate. The filter bypass valve can be housed here to save space and does not lead to the need to enlarge the filter housing. Usual connection flanges for screw-on filters or spin-on filters have, in addition to a central threaded nipple or a central threaded bore, radially outside of this / this one or more further flow channels for the supply of medium to be filtered or the discharge of filtered medium. In order to take this requirement into account, it is further preferably provided for the filter according to the invention that several perforations are arranged in the head piece radially outside of the central threaded hole, which provide an inlet for a medium to be filtered in the filter or an outlet for a medium filtered in the filter form, where at least two diametrically opposite openings are designed as tool holders for a screwdriver. In addition to their main function as inlet or outlet, the openings have, at least in part, the additional function as tool receptacles, in order to use a tool that engages in the respective openings to generate a sufficiently large torque to screw the threaded nipple, which is previously screwed to the head piece and locked against rotation, in the threaded hole of the To be able to apply connecting flange. A separate, special tool holder is therefore advantageously not required on the head piece or on the threaded nipple.

In order to reliably seal off the filter in its screwed-on state against a connecting flange, the invention proposes in a further embodiment of the filter that a sealing ring or a sealing ring carrying a sealing ring is arranged on the second connecting elements provided on the filter insert or on the built-in part and that with the head piece on its axially outer side is connected to a sealing ring support which is separate or formed by the spring sheet metal plate and supports the sealing ring radially on the inside when the filter is installed. In this way, the sealing ring can advantageously be mounted in advance on the filter insert or on the built-in part, which avoids assembly errors and which ensures greater security that a sealing ring is also changed every time the filter insert is changed. In addition, the sealing ring support ensures that the sealing ring is in the required position for reliable sealing.

In a further embodiment, it is proposed that, viewed in a clockwise direction, behind each second connection element provided on the filter insert or on the built-in part, a counterclockwise increasing ramp is arranged when the bayonet connection is loosened with the third connection elements provided on the head piece is. The When the bayonet connection is loosened, ramps ensure that the connecting elements on the head piece are guided away from the filter insert in the axial direction and do not get under the connecting elements on the filter housing, which would prevent the bayonet connection from loosening.

In order to make the individual parts of the filter sufficiently stable and durable and, on the other hand, to achieve the lowest possible weight of the filter, it is further preferred that the filter housing and the head piece with their respective connecting elements are parts made of metallic materials and that the connecting elements on the filter insert or on the built-in part are parts made of plastic. The end disks of the filter insert are also expediently made of plastic in order to achieve a low weight and low material costs for the filter insert forming a replacement part and to allow complete thermal utilization of used filter inserts.

To solve the second, the filter insert part of the above problem, the invention proposes a filter insert which interacts with a filter of the type described above and which is characterized in that it has connecting elements with which together with the on the filter housing and The head piece of the filter provided further connecting elements a complete bayonet connection can be formed, and that a sealing ring or a sealing ring carrying a sealing ring is arranged on the connecting elements provided on the filter insert, wherein the filter can be sealed against the filter connection flange by means of the sealing ring in the installed state.

The filter insert designed according to the invention advantageously has the connecting elements that are required to enable the desired interaction of the filter insert with the filter housing and the head piece to form the complete bayonet connection between these parts, and also the necessary for reliable sealing of the filter against the filter connection flange Sealant on.

Another embodiment of the filter insert provides that the connecting elements on the filter insert are designed in such a way that they form bayonet slots of the bayonet connection in the installed state together with the connecting elements provided on the filter housing. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the filter insert consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body with two end disks and that the connecting elements are arranged on the end disk facing a head piece of the filter in the installed state or on a built-in part connected to the filter insert.

It is preferably also provided for the filter insert that its connec tion elements are designed with a stop which forms a rotation angle limit for rotating the filter housing and the filter insert arranged therein on the one hand and the head piece of the filter on the other hand relative to one another when the bayonet connection is established.

To implement the detachable anti-rotation device described above, it is provided for the filter insert that latching elements are arranged on the filter insert or on a built-in part connected to the filter insert, which in the installed state of the filter insert interact with latching elements provided on the head piece in the direction of rotation, the With the head piece screwed to a threaded nipple of the filter connection flange, locking elements are fixed by means of the threaded nipple in a locking position that prevents rotation of the filter housing and filter insert relative to the head piece, and with the head piece unscrewed from the threaded nipple, rotation of the filter housing and filter insert relative to the head piece can be flexibly disengaged.

In a further development, it is proposed that the locking elements on the filter insert or on the built-in part connected to the filter insert by means of an axial opening on the inner circumference of a central opening in the end disk of the filter insert, which is close to the head when the filter insert is installed, or in the built-in part connected to the filter insert Radially deflectable locking arms are formed which, when the filter insert is installed, interact with locking grooves that run in the axial direction in the central threaded hole in the head piece and are arranged in accordance with the position of the locking arms.

Another embodiment of the filter insert provides that on an end disk of the filter insert facing the head piece when the filter insert is installed, or on the built-in part connected to the filter insert, anti-rotation locks. Release elements are arranged, by means of which when the filter housing and the filter element rotate together in the fixed direction of rotation relative to the head piece screwed onto a threaded nipple of a filter connection flange, a releasable anti-rotation device arranged between the head piece and the threaded nipple is transferred into the release position.

Preferably, the anti-rotation release elements are formed by release claws which are arranged in the fixed direction of rotation on the inner circumference of a central opening of the end disk of the filter insert facing the head piece when the filter insert is installed, or of the insert connected to the filter insert. The release claws are housed in a very space-saving manner due to their arrangement on the inner circumference of the central opening of the associated end plate or the built-in part connected to the filter insert, with the release claws only extending in the plane of the end plate or the mounting part in the circumferential direction thereof, without up or down to protrude over the end plate or the built-in part.

It is also proposed that behind each second connecting element provided on the filter insert, seen in clockwise direction, there is a counter-clockwise increasing ramp which, when the bayonet connection is loosened with the third connecting elements provided on the head piece, is arranged in a mutually lifting manner, thus ensuring reliable loosening the bayonet connection is supported.

For reasons of cost-effective production and a low weight of the filter insert, it is preferably provided that the connecting elements on the filter insert or on the built-in part connected to the filter insert are parts made of plastic. The end disks of the filter insert are also expediently parts made of plastic.

To solve the third part of the above-mentioned task relating to the built-in part, the invention proposes a built-in part for installation in a filter according to one of claims 1 to 16, which is characterized in that second connecting elements are arranged on the built-in part, which are in the Filter housing is inserted component with arranged on the filter housing first connecting elements th bayonet slots form the bayonet connection. The built-in part can be advantageous in terms of the material from which it is made with greater freedom who the, in particular from a different, more stable material than z. B. the end plates of the filter insert.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided for the built-in part that it is a loose part or that it can be connected to the end disk of the filter insert that faces the head piece in the installed state.

In order to ensure that the required bayonet slots are reliably produced in the desired shape, it is also provided that when the insert is inserted into the filter housing, the second connecting elements present on the insert can be axially inserted into first spaces between the first connecting elements on the filter housing and that in the inserted state the built-in part cannot rotate relative to the filter housing.

It is further provided that the second connecting elements are formed on the built-in part with a stop which forms a rotation angle limitation when the bayonet connection is established. This is an operator who manually establishes the bayonet connection during the filter assembly, a clearly recognizable signal, namely the approach to the stop, given, which Siert signali that the bayonet connection is completely established.

In order to give the built-in part a further functionality, it is provided that locking elements are arranged on the built-in part, which interact with locking elements on the head piece in the direction of rotation and which, when the head piece is screwed to the threaded nipple, rotates the filter housing on the one hand and the built-in part on the other hand relative to the threaded nipple A latching position which prevents the head piece can be fixed and which, when the head piece is unscrewed from the threaded nipple, can be flexibly disengaged to allow rotation of the filter housing and built-in part relative to the head piece.

In particular to achieve a compact design of the built-in part and a robust design of the locking elements on it, the invention proposes that the locking elements are formed by axially pointing, on the inner circumference of a central opening in the mounting part, flexibly deflectable in the radial direction, which are designed for this purpose are, together with locking elements to act, which are formed by in the central threaded hole in the head piece extending in the axial direction, correctly positioned to the locking arms arranged locking grooves.

For versions of the built-in part without locking elements arranged thereon, it is provided according to the inven tion that the built-in part has a central opening and that recesses of the correct position and shape are arranged in the inner circumference of the opening for locking arms provided on the end of the filter insert.

A sealing ring or a sealing carrier ring carrying a sealing ring can be arranged on the second connecting elements provided on the built-in part, whereby the built-in part has a further function.

Furthermore, the invention provides that anti-rotation release elements are arranged on the built-in part, by means of which, when the built-in part is installed in the filter, when the filter housing and filter insert are rotated together in the fixed direction of rotation relative to the head piece screwed onto the threaded nipple of the filter connection flange, an between the Head piece and the threaded denipple arranged releasable anti-rotation device can be transferred into the release position. This ensures that the filter can be safely installed and attached to the filter connection flange in a single screwing process.

The previously mentioned anti-rotation release elements on the built-in part are preferably formed by release claws for the purpose of space-saving and damage-protected accommodation, which are arranged on the inner circumference of a central opening of the built-in part pointing in the direction of tight rotation.

Finally, it is proposed for the built-in part that, viewed in a clockwise direction, behind each second connecting element provided on the built-in part, there is a counter-clockwise rising ramp, which when the bayonet connection is loosened with the third connecting elements present on the head piece, this axially lifting and cooperating ramp is arranged.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained using a drawing. The figures in the drawing show: FIG. 1 shows a first filter, designed as a screw-on filter, comprising a filter housing, filter insert and head piece, each with connecting elements of a bayonet connection, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

Figure 2 shows a modified compared to Figure 1 filter insert together with a connectable or loose built-in part, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

2a shows an alternative embodiment of the built-in part to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, viewed at an angle from above,

FIG. 2b shows a further alternative to the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 2a

Execution of filter insert and built-in part, in an exploded view at an angle from above,

FIG. 3 shows the filter from FIG. 1 in the assembled state, in the longitudinal direction

cut,

FIG. 4 shows a section of the filter according to FIG. 1 before its assembly, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

FIG. 5 shows a section of a schematic development of the connecting elements of the bayonet connection present on the filter housing, filter insert and head piece, in an unconnected state corresponding to FIG.

Figure 6 shows a section of the filter according to Figure 1 after the installation of the filter insert in the filter housing, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

Figure 7 shows a section of the schematic development of the filter housing,

Filter insert and head piece existing connecting elements of the bayonet connection, in a partially connected state according to Figure 6, FIG. 8 shows a section of the filter according to FIG. 1 after the insertion of the

Head piece into the open end of the filter housing, in a disassembled view obliquely from above,

FIG. 9 shows the detail IX circled in FIG. 8 in an enlarged view,

FIG. 10 shows a section of the schematic development of the filter housing,

Filter insert and head piece existing connecting elements of the bayonet connection, in a partially connected state according to Figure 8,

Figure 1 1 shows a section of the filter of Figure 1 after completion of the

Bayonet connection between filter housing and filter insert as well as head piece, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

FIG. 12 shows the detail XII circled in FIG. 11 in an enlarged view,

FIG. 13 shows a section of the schematic development of the filter housing,

Filter insert and head piece existing connecting elements of the bayonet connection, in a completely connected state of the bayonet connection according to Figure 11,

14 shows a flange-side end region of the filter with a disengaged anti-twist device between the filter insert and filter housing on the one hand and the head piece on the other, and above a filter connection flange to which the filter can be screwed, each longitudinal section on the left and in view on the right,

FIG. 15 shows the flange-side end area of the filter from FIG. 14 in cross section according to the section line XV - XV in FIG. 14,

FIG. 16 shows the flange-side end region of the filter with the filter in engagement

Anti-twist device between the filter insert and the filter housing on the one hand and the head piece on the other hand and above the filter connection flange, to which the filter can be screwed, again on the left in longitudinal section and on the right in view, FIG. 17 shows the flange-side end region of the filter from FIG. 16 in cross section according to section line XVII - XVII in FIG. 16,

FIG. 18 shows the end region of the filter on the flange side in the state of the filter screwed onto the filter connection flange, again in longitudinal section on the left and in view on the right,

19 shows the flange-side end region of the filter from FIG. 18 in cross section along the section line XIX - XIX in FIG. 18,

FIG. 20 shows a second filter, designed as a screw-on filter, consisting of a filter housing, filter insert and head piece, each with connecting elements of a bayonet connection, in an exploded view at an angle from above,

FIG. 21 the head piece of the filter from FIG. 20 with an integrated filter bypass valve, in an exploded view obliquely from above,

22 shows the filter housing of the filter from FIG. 20 as an individual part, in a view obliquely from above,

FIG. 23 shows the filter insert of the filter from FIG. 20 as an individual part, in a view obliquely from above,

FIG. 24 shows a unit consisting of the filter housing from FIG. 22 and the filter insert from FIG. 23 inserted therein, in a view obliquely from above,

FIG. 25 shows a threaded nipple and the connected head piece of the filter from FIG. 20, in longitudinal section,

FIG. 26 above a filter connection flange with a partially screwed into it

Threaded nipple with head piece and below the unit to be connected to the head piece from Figure 24, in side view, 27 shows the parts shown in FIG. 26 after the unit from FIG. 24 has been connected to the head piece to form the filter, in a side view,

FIG. 28 shows the filter shown in FIG. 27 after the final screwing of the head piece together with the rest of the filter onto the threaded nipple of the filter connection flange, in side view,

FIG. 29 the filter connection flange and the filter screwed onto it, in longitudinal section,

FIG. 30 shows the head piece of the filter in a first phase of its connection to the threaded nipple, viewed obliquely from below,

FIG. 31 the head piece of the filter in a second phase of its connection to the threaded nipple, in a view obliquely from below,

FIG. 32 shows the head piece of the filter in a third phase of its connection with the threaded nipple, viewed obliquely from below,

FIG. 33 shows the head piece of the filter in a fourth phase of its connection to the threaded nipple, viewed obliquely from below,

FIG. 34 the head piece of the filter in a fifth phase of its connection with the threaded nipple, in a view obliquely from below,

FIG. 35 shows the unit from FIG. 24 in a first phase of its connection to the head piece, in a view obliquely from above,

36 shows the unit from FIG. 24 in a second phase of its connection to the head piece, in a view obliquely from above, and

37 shows the unit from FIG. 24 in a third phase of its connection to the head piece, in a view obliquely from above. In the following description of the figures, the same parts in the various drawing figures are always provided with the same reference symbols, so that not all reference symbols have to be explained again for each drawing figure.

A first exemplary embodiment of the filter 1 according to the invention and the associated filter insert 3 will be explained with reference to FIGS. This execution of the filter 1 is designed for attachment to a filter connection flange 8 with a threaded nipple 7 thereon.

Figure 1 shows a first designed as a screw-on filter 1 from Filtergehäu se 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, each with connecting elements 52, 53, 54 of a bayonet connection, in an exploded view obliquely from above.

The filter housing 2 visible at the bottom in FIG. 1 is cup-shaped with a circumferential wall 20 and a bottom 21 and an upper edge 22 surrounding an opening at the top of the filter housing 2. Radially inward of the edge 22 are the connecting elements 52 of the bayonet connection, which are provided on the filter housing 2 and project radially inward, with first intermediate spaces 52 'and second intermediate spaces 52 "in between. The material of which the filter housing 2 is made is preferably sheet metal such as sheet steel.

Above the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 is shown, which is an exchangeable item. The filter insert 3 consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body 30 which is framed on the front side by a first, lower end disk 31 and a second, upper end disk 32. The upper end disk 32 has a central opening 33. Around this central opening 33 a plurality of axially upward pointing, flexible locking arms 34 in the radial direction are distributed over the circumference. The end plates 31 and 32 are made of a plastic and the locking arms 34 are formed here with the second end plate 32 in one piece. Alternatively, the locking arms 34 can also be connected to the rest of the end plate 32 metallic arms, for. B. made of spring steel.

A plurality of the connecting elements 53 of the bayonet connection provided on the filter insert 3 are arranged radially on the outside on the end disk 32, distributed over its circumference, and which are formed in one piece with the second end disk 32 here. In each case on their circumferential direction to the left, i.e. counterclockwise, white send end face, the connecting elements 53 form a stop 36, the function of which in the bayonet connection will be explained later.

A sealing ring 35 is carried directly by the connecting elements 53 here. The outer diameter of the sealing ring 35 is dimensioned such that it fits radially inward into the edge 22 of the filter housing 2. The second end plate 32, the connecting elements 53 provided on it and the sealing ring 35 are made in one piece with one another and are made of a plastic that has both the necessary stability properties and sealing properties.

Above the filter insert 3, the head piece 4 is shown, which here has a metallic threaded plate 4 'as the essential part. The threaded plate 4 'has a central threaded hole 40 with an internal thread 41. Radially outside of the central threaded hole 40, several decent ral openings 42 are made in the threaded plate 4', two of which are designed as tool holders 43 for attaching a screwing tool. In the circumference of the central threaded hole 40, a plurality of locking grooves 44 are distributed over its circumference, which extend from the underside of the head piece 4 in the axial direction over part of the height of the central threaded hole 40. These locking grooves 44 cooperate in a manner to be described below with the locking arms 34 on the filter insert 3 to form a releasable anti-rotation device.

On the outer circumference of the head piece 4, the provided on the head piece 4, radially outwardly extending connecting elements 54 of the bayonet connection are distributed over its circumference.

In the area radially outside of the locking arms 34 and radially inside of the Ver connecting elements 53, an annular disk-shaped, elastic-flexible membrane 32 'is arranged on the upper end plate 32, for. B. clamped or glued or welded, which forms a non-return valve in cooperation with the decentralized openings 42 in the head piece 4. In the case of a suspended filter, as shown in FIG. 1, the non-return valve prevents the associated fluid circuit from running empty, such as the oil circuit of an internal combustion engine, when a fluid pump associated with the filter is at a standstill against the operating flow direction. At the same time, the membrane 32 'seals the raw side and the clean side of the filter 1 from one another.

Finally, a sheet metal plate 45 is shown above the threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4, which forms part of the head piece 4 and is preferably firmly connected to it, for example welded or glued. In the sheet metal plate 45 are congruent with the threaded plate 4 ', a central opening 40' and several decentralized openings 42 ', two of which are opposite to each other low as tool holders 43' are attached. Radially on the outside, the sheet metal plate 45 has an upwardly drawn edge region which, when the filter 1 is assembled, forms a sealing ring support 45 'for the inner circumference of the sealing ring 35.

The threaded plate 4 'and the sheet metal plate 45 of the head piece 4 can alternatively also be combined to form a one-piece component.

Between the filter housing 2 and the filter insert 3, an optionally available filter bypass valve 6 of a known design is shown, which enables the filter insert 3 to be bypassed when a predeterminable pressure difference between the raw side and the clean side of the filter 1 is exceeded.

During operation of the filter 1, liquid to be filtered flows through the openings 42, 42 ', 43, 43' and via the membrane 32 ', which is exposed in the direction of opening of the non-return valve, to the outer circumference of the filter insert 3, through the filter material body 30 in the radial direction from the outside inwards and then flows axially through the central opening 33, the central threaded bore 40 and the opening 40 'in the direction of locations to be supplied with filtered liquid.

Figure 2 shows a modified compared to Figure 1 filter insert 3 together with a built-in part 3 ', in an exploded view obliquely from above. Here, too, the filter insert 3 has a hollow cylindrical filter material body 30 which is framed on the front side by the two end disks 31, 32. The upper, second end disk 32 in FIG. 2 has the central opening 33 in its center, but no further elements. These further elements, namely the locking arms 34, the connecting elements 53, the membrane 32 'and the sealing ring 35, are here on the Built-in part 3 'arranged. The built-in part 3 'can be connected to the upper end plate 32 of the filter insert 3 in a suitable manner, for example by welding or gluing or locking, or alternatively used and installed as a loose item. If the filter insert 3 is connected to the built-in part 3 'according to FIG. 2, a filter insert 3 is then present in accordance with FIG. If the built-in part 3 'is used as a loose individual part, it is inserted into the filter housing 2 during the filter assembly or when the filter insert is changed after the filter insert 3 or at the same time, without a connection between the built-in part 3' and the filter insert 3 .

FIG. 2a shows an alternative embodiment of the built-in part 3 'to the embodiment shown in FIG. In the built-in part 3 ′ according to FIG. 2 a, the sealing ring 35 is not directly connected to the connecting elements 53. Instead, a circumferential seal support ring 35 ′ is connected to the connecting elements 53 here. A separate sealing ring 35 is arranged on the outer circumference of the sealing support ring 35 '. This makes it possible, in a simple manner, to manufacture the sealing ring 35 from a different material than the sealing support ring 35 'and the rest of the built-in part 3'.

Also in the embodiment of the filter 1 shown in Figure 1 there is of course the possibility of providing a device support ring 35 'connected to the connecting elements 53 instead of the sealing ring 35 connected directly to the connecting elements 53 and arranging the sealing ring 35 on the sealing support ring 35'.

FIG. 2b shows an embodiment of the filter insert 3 and the built-in part 3 ′, in which the locking arms 34 are molded onto the upper end disk 32 of the filter insert 3. In addition, an axially protruding sealing lip 39 is formed or attached to the top of the upper end plate 32 around the central opening 33 and the locking arms 34.

After the filter insert 3 and the built-in part 3 'have been joined together axially, the latching arms 34 protrude upward through the central opening 33' of the built-in part 3 '. The positioning of the latching arms 34 in the circumferential direction relative to the built-in part 3 'is ensured by corresponding recesses 34' on the circumference of the central opening 33 'in the built-in part 3'. By means of the sealing lip 39 are then, in addition, the end disk 32 of the filter insert 3 and the built-in part 3 'are sealed against one another.

FIG. 3 shows the filter 1 from FIG. 1 in the assembled state in a longitudinal section. The outer shell of the filter 1 forms the cup-shaped filter housing 2 with its peripheral wall 20, its base 21 and its upper edge 22.

In the interior of the filter housing 2 there is now the filter insert 3, consisting of the hollow cylindrical filter material body 30 and the two end disks 31, 32 which bevel at the end face.

On the bottom 21 of the filter housing 2 there is the filter bypass valve 6, which partially protrudes into the hollow interior of the filter material body 30 of the filter insert 3. In the hollow interior of the filter material body 30 there is also arranged a support grid 30 'which supports the filter material body 30 when a medium to be filtered flows through it in the radial direction from the outside to the inside.

On top of the upper end plate 32 is the membrane 32 'of the return stop valve.

Above the filter insert 3 is the head piece 4 with the threaded plate 4 'with the internal thread 41 on its central threaded bore 40. The locking arms 34 protruding axially from the top of the upper end plate 32 are in this assembled state of the filter 1 in the corresponding locking grooves 44 in the threaded hole 40 of the head piece 4.

With a radially inner, underside collar 4T, the threaded plate 4 'presses the diaphragm 32' in its radially inner area against the top of the end disk 32, whereby the raw and clean sides of the filter 1 are separated from one another and sealed against one another at this point.

On the threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4 is the sheet metal plate 45 with its sealing ring support 45'. This sealing ring support 45 'supports the sealing ring 35 at its Innenum catch. Radially outside in the upper end region of the filter 1 are the interacting connecting elements 52, 53 and 54, which together form the bayonet connection 5, which releasably hold the individual parts of the filter 1 together in their assembled state shown in FIG.

FIGS. 4 to 13 show, step by step, the manufacture of the bayonet connection 5 between the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 and the head piece 4 in various representations.

FIG. 4 shows a section of the filter 1 according to FIG. 1 before it is assembled, in an exploded view obliquely from above. At the bottom of FIG. 4 is an upper part of the filter housing 2 with the edge 22 and the connecting elements 52 provided thereon and the first intermediate spaces 52 'and second intermediate spaces 52 ″, which alternate in the circumferential direction. The filter insert 3 is already here partially inserted into the filter housing 2, but the upper end disk 32 with the membrane 32 'arranged thereon and the connecting elements 53 is still at an axial distance from the connecting elements 52 of the filter housing 2. At the top in FIG the threaded plate 4 'with the connecting elements 54 and the sheet metal plate 45 is visible, also at an axial distance from the filter insert 3.

FIG. 5 shows a section of a schematic development of the connecting elements 52, 53 and 54 of the bayonet connection 5 present on the filter housing 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, in an unconnected state corresponding to FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 shows a section of the edge 22 of the filter housing with the connecting elements 52 arranged thereon and the first and second intermediate spaces 52 ', 52 "therebetween. The connecting elements 53 of the filter insert are axially spaced above them of the connecting elements 54 of the head piece.

FIG. 6 shows a section of the filter 1 according to FIG. 1 after the filter insert 3 has been completely inserted into the filter housing 2, in a view obliquely from above. The connecting elements 53 on the filter insert 3 are now located in the first intervening spaces 52 'between the connecting elements 52 of the filter housing 2, so that the filter insert 3 and the filter housing 2 are not rotated relative to one another. are cash. In addition, the connecting elements 52 on the filter housing 2 as well as each lower part of the connecting elements 53 on the filter insert 3 now form bayonet slots 50 together. In the fixed direction of rotation, the bayonet slots 50 are delimited by the stop 36 formed on each connecting element 53.

In the state according to FIG. 6, the head piece 4 is still at an axial distance from the filter insert 3, which is now joined to the filter housing 2.

FIG. 7 shows a section of the schematic development of the connection elements 52, 53, 54 of the bayonet connection 5 present on the filter housing 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, in the partially connected state corresponding to FIG. 6. In FIG. 7, a section of the edge 22 of the filter housing is again with the connecting elements 52 arranged thereon and the first and second intermediate spaces 52 ', 52 ". The connecting elements 53 of the filter insert are now inserted into the first intermediate spaces 52' between the connecting elements 52 in the axial direction downwards. At an axial distance above, one of the connecting elements 54 of the head piece is shown, still disengaged.

FIG. 8 shows a section of the filter 1 according to FIG. 1 after the head piece 4 has been inserted into the open end of the filter housing 2, in an exploded view obliquely from above. In this state, the connecting elements 54 on the head piece 4 protrude into the second spaces 52 ″ between the connecting elements 52 of the filter housing 2. The connecting elements 54 of the head piece 4 form bayonet ribs of the bayonet connection 5. The corresponding bayonet slots 50 are located under the connecting elements 52 .

As FIG. 8 further shows, in this state the latching arms 34 are in a radially inwardly flexibly deflected position within the central threaded bore 40 of the head piece 4 and are still out of engagement with the latching grooves 44.

FIG. 9 shows the detail IX circled in FIG. 8 in an enlarged illustration. At the top in Figure 9 is the position of one of the each formed by the connecting elements 54- The bayonet ribs are visible in one of the second intermediate spaces 52 ″. The position of the latching arms 34 out of engagement with the associated latching grooves 44 of the head piece 4 can be seen at the bottom in FIG.

FIG. 10 again shows a section of the schematic development of the connecting elements 52, 53, 54 of the bayonet connection 5 present on the filter housing 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, in the partially connected state corresponding to FIG. 8. In FIG. 10, a section of the edge is again 22 of the filter housing with the connecting elements 52 arranged thereon and the first and second intermediate spaces 52 ', 52 "in between. The connecting elements 53 of the filter insert lie in the first intermediate spaces 52' between the connecting elements 52. The connecting element 54 of the head piece 4 is now in the axial direction downwards into the space 52 "is inserted.

Figure 11 shows a section of the filter 1 according to Figure 1 after completion of the bayonet connection 5 between the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 and head piece 4, in a view obliquely from above. In contrast to the state according to FIGS. 8 to 10, the filter housing 2 together with the filter insert 3 on the one hand and the head piece 4 on the other hand are rotated by a certain angular range in relation to one another in the fixed direction of rotation of the bayonet connection 5. As a result of the rotary movement, the bayonet formed by the connecting elements 54 are now completely inserted into the bayonet slots 50 in the circumferential direction.

In addition, as a result of the rotary movement described above, the locking arms 34 of the filter insert 3 have entered the associated locking grooves 44 of the head piece 4 in order to prevent rotation between the filter housing 2 and the filter insert 3 on the one hand and the head piece 4 on the other.

FIG. 12 shows the detail XII circled in FIG. 11 in an enlarged illustration. Reference is made to the description of FIG. 11 for this purpose.

FIG. 13 again shows a section of the schematic development of the connecting elements 52, 53, 54 of the bayonet connection 5 present on the filter housing 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, in a completely connected state of the bayonet connection 5 according to FIG. 11. In FIG Section of the Edge 22 of the filter housing with the connecting elements 52 arranged thereon and the first and second intermediate spaces 52 ', 52 "in between. The connecting elements 53 of the filter insert lie in the first intermediate spaces 52' between the connecting elements 52. The connecting element 54 of the head piece is now 10 in the circumferential direction and the fixed direction of rotation, according to FIG. 13 to the right, whereby the connecting element 54 passes under one of the connecting elements 52 of the filter housing. The movement path of the connecting element 54 is determined by the stop 36 on the in FIG the left side of the neighboring connecting element 53 of the filter element 3 is limited.

At the end of the connection process described above, the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 and the head piece 4 are now assembled into a unit forming a complete filter 1, which then as a whole as a screw-on filter on a filter connection flange originally intended for a conventional spin-on filter, for example an internal combustion engine, can be screwed on, as will be explained in more detail below.

Figure 14 shows a flange-side end area of the filter 1, with the anti-twist device still disengaged between the filter insert 3 and filter housing 2 on the one hand and head piece 4 on the other, and above it a filter connection flange 8 to which the filter 1 can be screwed instead of a conventional spin-on filter , in each case on the left in FIG. 14 in longitudinal section and on the right in FIG. 14 in view.

FIG. 15 shows the flange-side end region of the filter from FIG. 14 in cross section according to the section line XV-XV in FIG.

The filter connection flange 8 is, for example, part of an internal combustion engine and has a threaded nipple 7 with an external thread 71 which protrudes from the plane of the connection flange 8. A first channel 70 runs through the threaded nipple 7, through which, for example, a filtered medium, such as lubricating oil, can be fed from the filter 1 of an internal combustion engine. At least one further channel 80 runs radially outside of the threaded nipple 7 through the connection flange 8, which is used, for example, to supply a medium to be filtered, such as lubricating oil, to the filter 1 attached to the connection flange 8. As already explained above, in particular with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, the filter insert 3 sits in the filter housing 2 in a twist test after it has been completely inserted into the latter. In the state shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the head piece 4 is initially only inserted axially into the upper end of the filter housing 2, but not yet rotated relative to this and the filter insert 3. The latching arms 34 are therefore still out of engagement with the latching grooves 44.

By means of a suitable screwing tool adapted to the tool holders 43 in the head piece 4, the head piece 4 with the threaded plate 4 'is rotated relative to the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 in the tight direction of rotation before attaching the filter 1 to the filter connection flange 8, after which the in the Figures 16 and 17 is reached. 16 shows the flange-side end region of the filter 1 with the locking arms 34 in engagement with the locking grooves 44 and above the filter connection flange 8, to which the filter 1 can be screwed, again in longitudinal section on the left and in view on the right.

FIG. 17 shows the flange-side end region of the filter 1 from FIG. 16 in cross section according to the section line XVII - XVII in FIG. 16. The locking arms 34 now no longer protrude into the central threaded bore 40 of the head piece 4, as FIG , but lie completely in the locking grooves 44, so that trouble-free screwing of the filter 1 by means of the Ge thread 41 in the central threaded hole 40 to the matching male thread 71 having the threaded nipple 7 of the filter connection flange 8 is possible.

The state of the filter 1 connected to the filter connection flange 8 is shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. FIG. 18 shows the flange-side end region of the filter 1 in the state of the filter 1 screwed onto the filter connection flange 8, again in longitudinal section on the left and in a view on the right, and FIG. 19 shows the flange-side end region of the filter 1 from FIG Section line XIX - XIX in Figure 18.

As soon as the filter 1 is screwed to the threaded nipple 7 so far that the Ge threaded nipple 7 fills the central threaded hole 40 in the head piece 4, the locking arms 34 can no longer move inward in the radial direction because they are prevented from doing so by the threaded nipple 7. This provides a reliable anti-rotation device between the head piece 4 on the one hand and the filter housing 2 and the filter insert 3, on the other hand, which enables the filter 1 as a whole to be securely and firmly connected to the filter connection flange 8 by exerting a torque on the outer circumference of the filter housing 2. When the filter 1 is completely screwed on to the filter connection flange 8, the sealing ring 35 seals the filter 1 against the filter connection flange 8 so that no medium to be filtered or filtered can escape into the environment.

In the case of a filter maintenance for the purpose of replacing the filter insert 3, the filter 1 is screwed as a whole by exerting a torque on the outer circumference of the Fil tergehäuses 2 from the filter connection flange 8 and the threaded nipple 7. The anti-rotation device in the form of the locking arms 34 and locking grooves 44 ensures that when the filter housing 2 is rotated, the head piece 4 also rotates in the same way in the direction of loosening relative to the threaded nipple 7. After the filter 1 has been completely unscrewed from the filter connection flange 8 and its threaded nipple 7, the bayonet connection 5 can then be released again with the aid of the adapted tool by turning the head piece 4 in the unscrewing direction relative to the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3, thus releasing the head piece 4 from the filter housing 2 and the filter element 3 are separated. A used filter element 3 to be replaced can be removed from the filter housing 2 through the then open end of the filter housing 2 and a fresh filter element 3 can be inserted into the filter housing 2. After the head piece 4 has been placed back on and the bayonet connection 5 has been closed, the filter 1 as a whole can then be screwed back onto the filter connection flange 8, specifically to its threaded nipple 7.

A second exemplary embodiment of the filter 1 according to the invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 20 to 37. This embodiment of the filter 1 is designed for attachment to a filter connection flange 8 on which initially only a threaded hole, but no threaded nipple, is present.

Figure 20 shows the filter 1 designed as a screw-on filter, consisting of filter housing 2, filter insert 3 and head piece 4, each with connecting elements 52, 53, 54 of a bayonet connection 5, in an exploded view obliquely from above.

The filter housing 2 visible at the bottom in FIG. 20 is cup-shaped with a peripheral wall 20 and a bottom 21 and an opening of the filter on the top tergehäuses 2 surrounding upper edge 22 executed. Radially inward of the edge 22 are the connecting elements 52 of the bayonet connection 5, which are provided on the filter housing 2 and project radially inward, with the first intermediate spaces 52 'and second intermediate spaces 52 ″ in between. The material of which the filter housing 2 is made is preferably Sheet metal, such as sheet steel.

Above the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 is shown, which is an exchangeable item. The filter insert 3 consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body 30 which is framed on the front side by a first, lower end disk 31 and a second, upper end disk 32. The end plates 31 and 32 are made of plastic.

The upper end disk 32 has a central opening 33. In this central opening 33 are distributed over the inner circumference of several in the circumferential direction counterclockwise loosening claws 37 are arranged, made in one piece with the end plate 32 here. The function of the release claws 37 is explained further below. To the central opening 33 around the membrane 32 'is arranged on the upper end disk 32.

In the interior of the filter material body 30, a small part of a support grid 30 'which supports the filter material body 30 when there is flow in the radial direction from the outside inward, which extends between the end disks 31, 32, is visible.

A plurality of the connecting elements 53 of the bayonet connection 5 provided on the filter insert 3 are arranged radially outside on the end disk 32 and are distributed over its circumference and are formed in one piece with the second end disk 32 here. In each case on their in the circumferential direction to the left, ie counterclockwise, white send end face, the connecting elements 53 form a stop 36, the function of which in the bayonet connection 5 will be explained below.

A sealing ring 35 is carried directly by the connecting elements 53 or, alternatively, by means of a sealing support ring. The outer diameter of the sealing ring 35 is dimensioned such that it fits radially inward into the edge 22 of the filter housing 2 in the relaxed state. Immediately above the filter insert 3, a threaded nipple 7 is visible, which has egg NEN continuous channel 70 in its interior. The threaded nipple 7 also has an external thread 71 on its outer circumference, which extends from the upper end of the nipple over most of the height of the threaded nipple 7. In an area adjoining it at the bottom, the outer circumference of the threaded nipple 7 is smooth, that is, it is designed without a thread and, starting from the lower end of the nipple, it has a plurality of angeord designated locking recesses 77 distributed over its circumference.

Above the threaded nipple 7, the head piece 4 is shown, which has a metallic threaded plate 4 'as a lower head piece part. The threaded plate 4 'be seated a central threaded hole 40 with an internal thread 41. Radially outside of the central threaded hole 40, several decentralized, round openings 42 are made in the threaded plate 4'.

Immediately radially outside of the central threaded hole 40 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the threaded plate 4 'several hook openings 47' formed. These hook openings 47 'cooperate with locking hooks 47 in a manner to be described below.

On the outer circumference of the threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4, the connecting elements 54 of the bayonet connection 5, which are provided on the head piece 4 and extend radially outward, are formed on the circumference thereof.

At the very top in Figure 20, above the threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4, a sheet metal plate 45 is shown, which forms part of the head piece 4 and is connected, for example welded or glued, to the threaded plate 4' of the head piece 4 in the assembled state.

In the sheet metal plate 45, a central opening 40 'and several decentralized openings 42' are made congruent with the threaded plate 4 '. Radially on the outside, the sheet metal plate 45 has an upwardly drawn edge region, the outer circumference of which in the assembled state of the filter 1 forms a sealing ring support 45 ′ for the inner circumference of the sealing ring 35. From the inner circumference of the central opening 40 'of the sheet metal plate 45, resilient locking hooks 47, integral with the rest of the metal plate 45, extend axially downward through the hook openings 47' in the threaded plate 4 '. At their lower end, the locking hooks 47 each have an end that is bent radially inwards and are arranged so as to be distributed in the circumferential direction of the head piece 4 in relation to the locking recesses 77 in the threaded nipple 7.

Finally, the filter 1 according to FIG. 20 comprises a filter bypass valve 6, which here is accommodated within the head piece 4 in a space-saving manner. The filter reversing valve 6 has an annular valve body 61, which can be acted upon by a Ventilfe of 62 in the form of a likewise annular helical compression spring with a force acting in the valve closing direction. In an annular, axially pushed out upward area of the sheet metal plate 45, a plurality of Ventilöff openings 60 are arranged. In the assembled state, the valve spring 62 presses the valve body 61 with a predetermined force against the valve openings 60 and closes them. When a predeterminable pressure difference between the raw side and clean side of the filter 1 is exceeded, the valve body 61 is moved away from the valve openings 60, which are closed by the valve body 61 in the basic state of the filter bypass valve 6, against the force of the valve spring 62, so that bypassing the filter insert 3 is then enabled.

FIG. 21 shows the head piece 4 of the filter 1 from FIG. 20 with an integrated filter bypass valve 6, in an exploded view obliquely from above.

The threaded plate 4 ′ of the head piece 4 is shown at the bottom in FIG. The threaded plate 4 'has the central threaded hole 40 with the internal thread 41. Radial outside of the central threaded hole 40, the decentralized, round openings 42 are made in the threaded plate 4', which provide a fluid inlet for fluid to be filtered in the filter, such as lubricating oil, form.

Immediately radially outside of the central threaded hole 40, the hook openings 47 'are formed in the circumferential direction of the threaded plate 4'.

On the outer circumference of the threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4, the radially outwardly extending connecting elements 54 of the bayonet connection 5 provided on the head piece 4 are formed on the circumference thereof. At the top in FIG. 21, above the threaded plate 4 ', the sheet metal plate 45 is shown, which forms part of the head piece 4 and is connected to the threaded plate 4' of the head piece 4 in the assembled state.

In the sheet metal plate 45, the central opening 40 'and the decentralized openings 42' are congruent with the threaded plate 4 '. Radially on the outside, the sheet metal plate 45 also has an upwardly drawn edge area, the outer circumference of which in the assembled state of the filter 1 forms a sealing ring support 45 'for the inner circumference of the sealing ring 35.

From the inner circumference of the central opening 40 'in the sheet metal plate 45, the resilient locking hooks 47, which are integral with the rest of the sheet metal plate 45, extend axially downward, each having a radially inwardly bent end at their lower end and which lead to the hook openings 47' in the threaded plate 4 'and the locking recesses 77 mounted in the threaded nipple 7 are arranged distributed over the circumference to match. The sheet metal plate 45 consists of a spring steel sheet in order to give the locking hook 47 its spring property without any particular additional effort.

In addition, FIG. 21 shows the filter bypass valve 6, which is arranged inside the head piece 4. The filter bypass valve 6 has the annular valve body 61, which is acted upon by the valve spring 62 in the form of the likewise annular helical compression spring with a force acting in the valve closing direction beauf or acted upon in the assembled state. The valve openings 60 are arranged in the annular, axially upwardly pushed out area of the sheet metal plate 45, the underside of the pushed out area forming a valve seat for the valve body 61.

FIG. 22 shows the filter housing 2 of the filter from FIG. 20 as an individual part, in a view obliquely from above. The filter housing 2 is cup-shaped with a hollow cylindrical peripheral wall 20 and a closed bottom 21. The open top of the filter housing 2 is surrounded by the radially outwardly projecting edge 22 with the radially inwardly arranged connecting elements 52 of the bayonet connection 5 and the first and second intermediate spaces 52 ', 52 ". FIG. 23 shows the filter insert 3 of the filter 1 from FIG. 20 as an individual part, in a view obliquely from above. The interchangeable filter insert 3 consists of the hollow cylindrical filter material body 30, which is framed on the front side by the first, lower end disk 31 and the second, upper end disk 32.

The upper end disk 32 has the central opening 33. In this zentra len opening 33 are distributed over the inner circumference of the counterclockwise pointing in the circumferential direction release claws 37 are arranged.

Inside the filter material body 30, part of the support grille 30 'which supports the filter material body 30 when flow is flowing through it in the radial direction from the outside inward is visible, which extends between the end plates 31, 32 and, like the end plates, is made of plastic.

Radially outside are on the end plate 32 distributed over the circumference of the filter insert 3 provided connecting elements 53 of the bayonet connection 5 is arranged. The connecting elements 53 form the stop 36 in each case on their end face pointing to the left in the circumferential direction, that is to say counterclockwise. On the opposite side of the connecting elements 53, seen in the circumferential direction, a ramp 36 ′ rising in a counterclockwise direction is arranged. When the bayonet connection 5 is loosened, the ramps 36 'ensure that the connecting elements 54 on the head piece 4 are guided away from the filter insert 3 in the axial direction and cannot get under the connecting elements 52 on the filter housing 2 (see also FIG. 20).

The sealing ring 35 is also carried by the connecting elements 53. The outer diameter of the sealing ring 35 is dimensioned such that it fits radially inward into the edge 22 of the filter housing 2.

In the area radially between the release claws 37 and the connecting elements 53, the membrane 32 'lies on the upper side of the end plate 32 as part of the non-return valve described above.

FIG. 24 shows a preassembled unit comprising the filter housing 2 from FIG. 22 and the filter insert 3 from FIG. 23 inserted therein, in a view obliquely from above. When inserting the filter insert 3 into the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 is moved axially into the filter housing 2 in such a position in the circumferential direction relative to the filter housing 2, in which the connecting elements 53 on the filter insert 3 in the first spaces 52 'between the connecting elements 52 on Filter housing 2 arrive. In this preassembled state of the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3, these two parts can no longer be rotated relative to one another.

FIG. 25 shows the threaded nipple 7 and the connected head piece 4 of the filter 1 from FIG. 20 in a longitudinal section. The head piece 4 consists of the threaded plate 4 'and the sheet metal plate 45 connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner.

To connect the head piece 4 and the threaded nipple 7, the latter is screwed from below with its external thread 71 into the matching internal thread 41 in the Ge threaded plate 4 'of the head piece 4. During this Einraubvor the pawls 47 are pivoted through the threaded nipple 7 in the radial direction outward. At the end of the screwing process, the locking hooks 47 spring back radially inwardly due to their spring properties and enter with their radially inwardly bent lower end into the locking recesses 77 attached in the lower end of the threaded nipple 7. In this locking division of the locking hook 47 in the locking recesses 77, the head piece 4 and the threaded nipple 7 are no longer rotatable relative to each other.

Furthermore, the ring-shaped filter bypass valve 6 now surrounding the threaded nipple 77 is visible with its parts in FIG.

FIGS. 26, 27 and 28 each show, in the same manner of representation, the attachment of the filter 1 to a filter connection flange 8, which is part of an internal combustion engine, for example, in three different stages.

FIG. 26 shows above the filter connection flange 8 with threaded nipple 7 with head piece 4 already screwed into it, and below the unit of filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 according to FIG. 24 to be connected to head piece 4, in side view. To screw in the threaded nipple 7, the filter connection flange 8 has a channel 81 with an internal thread matching the external thread 71 of the threaded nipple 7. One or more decentralized channels 80 are arranged in the filter connection flange 8 radially outside of the channel 81. The channel 80 or the channels 80 serve to lead a fluid to be filtered to the filter 1 during the operation of the filter 1. The channel 81 in the filter connection flange 8 serves to remove filtered fluid coming from the filter insert 3 through the hollow threaded nipple 7 and, for example, in the case of lubricating oil as the fluid, to feed it to the lubrication points of an internal combustion engine.

FIG. 27 shows the parts shown in FIG. 26 after the unit of filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 according to FIG. 24 has been connected to head piece 4 to form filter 1, in a side view. For this purpose, the filter housing 2 with the filter element 3 arranged therein is brought in the axial direction to the head piece 4 and then rotated relative to the head piece 4 by a certain angle, whereby the Ba jonett connection 5 between the filter housing 2, filter element 3 and head piece 4 is Herge.

FIG. 28 shows the filter 1 shown in FIG. 27 after it has finally been screwed onto the threaded nipple 7 in the filter connection flange 8, again in a side view. In this final connection state between the filter 1 and the filter connection flange 8, the two parts are sealed against one another by the sealing ring 35 and the filter 1 is ready for operation. The threaded nipple 7 is now so firmly connected to the filter connection flange 8 that when the filter housing 2 is later loosened, the threaded nipple 7 remains in the filter connection flange 8, for example still supported by an anti-rotation lock.

FIG. 29 shows the filter connection flange 8 and the filter 1 screwed onto it up to its end position in a longitudinal section. This final connection state between the filter 1 and the filter connection flange 8 is achieved in that the filter 1 previously completed according to FIG. 27 is screwed further onto the threaded nipple 7 as a whole. To this end, it is necessary that the locking hooks 47 initially located in the locking pitch in the locking recesses 77 according to FIG. 25 are transferred from their locking pitch into the release position visible in FIG. 29, in which the locking hooks 47 are out of engagement with the locking recesses 77 of the threaded nipple 7. The previously mentioned release claws 37 serve for this purpose radially inward on the second, upper end disk 32 of the filter insert 3, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 30 to 37. The membrane 32 ', which forms the valve body of the non-return valve, is clamped in its radially inner area between the top of a radially inner, axially raised part of the upper end plate 32 and the bottom of the threaded plate 4' of the head piece 4 and so in its position fixed. In addition, the membrane 32 'with its clamped radially inner area seals the raw and clean sides of the filter 1 from one another.

Above the threaded plate 4 ′, surrounding the threaded nipple 7, lies the filter bypass valve 6 already explained above.

For the sake of clarity, FIG. 30 shows only the head piece 4 of the filter 1 without its other parts, in a first phase of connecting the filter 1 to the threaded nipple 7, which is visible here only in a lowermost end area 72 with a smooth surface on its outer circumference, in an oblique view from below. As already shown in section in FIG. 25, the locking hooks 47 protruding downward through the hook openings 47 'are located here with their lower ends bent radially inward in their locking pitch within the locking recesses 77 in the lowermost end area of the threaded nipple 7.

FIG. 31 shows the head piece 4 of the filter together with the upper end disk 32 of the filter insert, otherwise not shown, in a second phase of connecting the filter to the threaded nipple 7, again in an oblique view from below. When the preassembled unit of filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 of filter 1 is attached to the head piece 4, which is mounted in front of the filter connection flange 8 by means of the threaded nipple 7, the filter insert 3 is in a position, viewed in the circumferential direction, in which the release claws 37 lie between the locking hooks 47, so that there is no engagement between them, as shown in FIG. The locking hook 47 is here as before in its locking division in the locking recess 77 of the threaded nipple 7.

FIG. 32 shows the head piece 4 of the filter together with the upper end disk 32 of the filter insert, otherwise not shown, in a third phase of connecting the filter to the threaded nipple 7, again in a view obliquely from below. Viewed from below according to the direction of view in FIG. 32, the preassembled unit of filter housing and filter insert, represented here by upper end disk 32, is now clockwise relative to head piece 4 and thus also relative to whose locking hook 47 is rotated by a certain angle, so that the loosening claws 37 of the end plate 32 are brought into engagement with the locking hook 47 such that the locking hook 47 is pivoted outward in the radial direction and thus out of engagement with the locking recesses 77 in the threaded nipple 7 are brought.

As a result of the locking engagement between the locking hooks 47 and the locking recesses 77, which is now canceled, the head piece 4, together with the filter housing 2 and the filter insert 3, can be freely rotated again relative to the threaded nipple 7 and the filter as a whole can be screwed onto the filter connection flange until it is in sealing contact. as shown as the fourth phase and fifth phase of the connection with the threaded nipple 7 in FIGS. 33 and 34, again in each case in a view obliquely from below.

FIGS. 35, 36 and 37 show the process described above in the opposite viewing direction, that is, viewed from above.

FIG. 35 shows the unit comprising the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 of the filter 1 according to FIG. 24 in a first phase of its connection to the head piece 4, in an oblique view from above. Here, too, the head piece 4 consists of the threaded plate 4 'and the sheet metal plate 45 attached to it in a rotationally fixed manner, both of which are shown in FIG. 35, both partially cut away, in order to make the parts underneath visible. In the upper right part of FIG. 35, the upper end disk 32 of the filter insert 3 with the membrane 32 'arranged thereon and with its central opening 33 is partially visible, on the inner circumference of which the loosening claws 37 are arranged. In the state according to FIG. 35, the release claws 37 lie between the locking hooks 47, seen in the circumferential direction, that is, they are still out of engagement with them. The bayonet connection 5 between the housing 2, Filterein set 3 and head piece 4 is not yet closed. The connecting elements 54 on the head piece 4, which at the same time form the bayonet ribs of the bayonet connection 5, are still outside the bayonet slots 50, seen in the circumferential direction, which are formed below the connecting elements 52 on the filter housing 2.

Figure 36 shows the unit of filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 of the filter 1 according to Figure 24 in a second phase of its connection to the head piece 4, again in a view obliquely from above. By turning the unit from filter housing 2 and Filter insert 3 by a certain angle of rotation relative to the head piece 4, the bayonet connection 5 now engages in that the bayonet ribs, which are formed by the connec tion elements 54 on the head piece 4, move in the direction of the respective stop 36, which points counterclockwise in the circumferential direction be moved towards the connecting element 53 of the filter insert 3.

As a result of the above-mentioned rotation, the release claws 37 also begin to engage the locking hooks 47, the release claws 37 each sliding on the locking hooks 47 with a radially outwardly facing inclined surface on the radially inward direction, whereby the locking hooks 47 are elastic against their inherent spring force. be pivoted flexibly outward in the radial direction.

FIG. 37 shows the unit from FIG. 24 in a third phase of its connection to the head piece 4, again in a view obliquely from above.

By further turning the release claws 37 relative to the locking hooks 47 compared to FIG. 36, the locking hooks 47 now disengage from the locking recesses of the threaded nipple, which is not shown in FIGS. 35 to 37 for reasons of clarity. By exerting a torque on the Außenum catch of the filter housing 2, the filter 1 as a whole can now be screwed onto the threaded nipple 7 by means of the thread 41 in the threaded plate 4 'until the filter 1 comes into sealing contact with the filter connection flange, not shown here.

The bayonet ribs, which are formed by the connecting elements 54 on the head piece 4, are now finally moved in the direction of the respective associated stop 36 on the connecting element 53 of the Filtereinsat 3 pointing in the circumferential direction. A further rotation of the filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 on the one hand and head piece 4 on the other hand relative to each other in the same direction is no longer possible and the three parts of the filter 1, namely the filter housing 2, the filter insert 3 and the head piece 4 are now completely manufactured Bayonet connection 5 connected to one another to form an overall unit.

During maintenance of the filter 1 in the second embodiment, the filter housing 2 together with the filter insert 3 and the head piece 4 located therein, i.e. the entire filter 1, is initially rela- ted by rotating them together in the loosening direction. tiv to the threaded nipple 7 of the connection flange 8 loosened a little. In this case, the locking hooks 47 run through a free space 37 'radially outward from the release claws 37 out of engagement with the release claws 37. Further rotation of the filter insert 3 with the end disk 32 and the locking hook 47 in the same direction relative to one another is prevented by the fact that the Locking hooks 47 each run against an associated stop 37 ″, which is offset in the circumferential direction to the release claws 37 at the end of the respective free space 37 'remote from the release claws 37. This prevents the bayonet connection 5 from being detachable before the Head piece 4 is in its end position. The locking hooks 47 are then resiliently pretensioned in the radially inward direction against the smooth surface area 72 of the outer circumference of the threaded nipple 7 until the locking hooks 47 finally snap into the locking recesses 77 of the threaded nipple 7. The head piece 4 is rotated further relative to the threaded nipple 7 is now through the locking hook 4 that has entered into locking engagement 7 prevented, which with further rotation of the Filterge housing 2 relative to the head piece 4 leads to the fact that the bayonet connection 5 is separated. The head piece 4 and the threaded nipple 7 remain on the filter connection flange 8.

After the filter housing 2 has been detached from the head piece 4 in this way, the filter element 3 used can be removed from it and replaced by a fresh filter element 3. After reattaching the unit of filter housing 2 and filter insert 3 to the head piece 4, closing the bayonet connection 5 and then twisting the entire filter 1 on the threaded nipple 7 in the tight direction of rotation until it is tight against the filter connection flange 8 with sealing by the sealing ring 35 is the Filter 1 ready for operation again.

List of reference symbols:

Character designation

1 filter

2 filter housings

20 perimeter wall

21 floor

22 margin

3 filter insert

3 'built-in part

30 filter material bodies

30 'support grid in 30

31 first end plate (below)

32 second end plate (top) 32 'membrane

33 central opening in 32 33 'central opening in 3'

34 locking arms on 32, 3 '

34 'recesses at 33' for 34

35 sealing ring

35 'seal support ring

36 stop

36 'ramp at 32 next to 53

37 release claws

37 'clearance radially outward from 37 37 "stop next to 37

38 Non-return valve

39 sealing lip on 32

4 head piece

4 'threaded plate

40 central threaded hole in 4 'central breakthrough in 45

Thread in 40

'bottom collar at 4'

decentralized breakthroughs in 4

'' decentralized breakthroughs in 45

Tool holders in 4

'' Tool holders in 45

Locking grooves for 34

'' axial locking recesses for 34 '

Tin plate

'Seal support

Locking hook

'Hook openings

Bayonet connection

Bayonet slots

Connecting elements on 2

'first gaps

"second spaces

Connecting elements on 3

Connecting elements to 4 filter bypass valve valve openings in 45

Valve body

Valve spring threaded nipple

Channel in 7

External thread on 7

Smooth outer circumference area of 7 locking recesses in 7

Filter connection flange, 81 channels in 8

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Filter (1) with a pot-shaped or cup-shaped filter housing (2), with an interchangeable filter insert (3) and with a head piece (4), the filter housing (2), the filter insert (3) and the head piece (4) can be detachably connected to one another by means of a bayonet connection (5),

characterized ,

that the head piece (4) is designed as or with a threaded plate (4 ') and a central threaded bore (40) for a threaded nipple (7) for attaching the filter (1) to a corresponding filter connection flange (8) having the threaded nipple (7) ) having,

that first connecting elements (52) are arranged on the filter housing (2), that second connecting elements (53) are arranged on the filter insert (3) or on a loose built-in part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3),

that the first and second connecting elements (52, 53) form bayonet slots (50) of the bayonet connection (5) with one another when the filter insert (3) or filter insert and built-in part (3 ') are inserted into the filter housing (2) and that on the head piece (4 ) third connecting elements (54) are arranged which form the bayonet ribs of the bayonet connection (5) and which interact with the first and second connecting elements (52, 53), the first, second and third connecting elements (52, 53, 54) together forming the bayonet connection (5) train.

2. Filter (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter insert (3) consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body (30) with two end disks (31, 32) and that the second connecting elements (53) on the head piece when installed (4) facing end plate (32) are arranged or that the second connecting elements (53) having built-in part (3 ') is connected to the end plate (32) facing the head piece (4) in the installed state.

3. Filter (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the filter insert (3) and / or the built-in part (3 ') is inserted into the filter housing (2), the second connecting elements (53) in first intermediate spaces ( 52 ') can be axially inserted between the first connecting elements (52) on the filter housing (2) and that in the inserted state the filter insert (3) and / or the built-in part (3') cannot rotate relative to the filter housing (2).

4. Filter (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the second Ver connecting elements (53) on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') are formed with a stop (36) which is a rotation angle limitation for a Ver turn The filter housing (2) and the filter insert (3) or the filter insert (3) and the built-in part (3 ') on the one hand and the head piece (4) on the other hand relative to one another when the bayonet connection (5) is established.

5. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') and on the head piece (4) in the direction of rotation, interacting locking elements are arranged, which when with the threaded nipple ( 7) screwed head piece (4) by means of the threaded nipple (7) in a rotation of the filter housing (2) on the one hand and the filter insert (3) or built-in part (3 ') on the other hand relative to the head piece (4) are fixed in a locking position that prevents rotation and the from the threaded nipple (7) unscrewed head piece (4) a rotation of the filter housing (2) and filter insert (3) or built-in part (3 ') relative to the head piece (4) can be flexibly disengaged.

6. Filter (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking elements on the one hand by facing in the axial direction, on the inner circumference of a central opening (33, 33 ') in the end plate near the head piece (32) or on egg nem inner support grid (30') of the filter insert (3) or in the built-in part (3 ') arranged, flexibly deflectable in the radial direction locking arms (34) and on the other hand by in the central threaded bore (40) in the head piece (4) in Axially extending, correctly positioned to the locking arms (34) angeord designated locking grooves (44) are formed.

7. Filter (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking grooves (44) have an axial length which is smaller than the axial length of the thread of the (41) of the threaded bore (40) in the head piece (4), wherein the Latching grooves (44) extend from the side of the head piece (4) facing the filter insert (3) or the built-in part (3 '), an axially outer section of the thread (41) facing away from the filter insert (3) or the built-in part (3') ) the threaded bore (40) in the head piece (4) is designed without interruption and wherein the locking arms (34) have an axial length adapted to the axial length of the locking grooves (44).

8. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a threaded nipple (7) is screwed to the head piece (4), which can be screwed into a Ge threaded bore of a filter connection flange (8) that between the head piece ( 4) and the threaded nipple (7) a releasable Ver rotation lock is arranged and that on the end plate (32) of the filter insert (3) facing the head piece (4) anti-rotation release elements are arranged, which when the filter housing (2) and Move the filter element (3) in the tight direction of rotation relative to the threaded nipple (7) to the anti-rotation lock in the release position.

9. Filter (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the Verrehsicher tion on the one hand by the head piece (4) arranged or connected to this, extending in the axial direction towards the filter interior, distributed over the outer circumference of the threaded nipple (7), in Flexible locking hooks (47) prestressed radially inwards and, on the other hand, by means of axial locking recesses (77) which are attached to the threaded nipple (7) and the front end of which points towards the inside of the filter, and the outer circumferential surface of the end region adjacent to the front end pointing to the inside of the filter (72) of the threaded nipple (7) is smooth.

10. The filter (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-rotation locking elements are formed by release claws (37), which on the Innenum start a central opening (33) of the head piece (4) facing th end plate (32) or on an inner support grid (30 ') of the Filtereinsat zes (3) are arranged pointing in the direction of tight rotation, the release claws (37) when rotating the filter housing (2) and filter insert (3) in the direction of rotation relative to the threaded nipple (7) reach behind the locking hooks (47) radially on the inside and move the locking hooks (47) outwards in the radial direction out of the locking recesses (77) of the threaded nipple (7) and the release claws (37) when the filter housing (2) and Filter insert (3) in the unscrewing direction relative to the threaded nipple (7) disengage from the locking hooks (47) and the locking hooks (47) move inward in the radial direction into the locking recesses (77) of the threaded nipple (7) and in the end plate (32) on the one hand radially outside of each loosening claw (37) a free space (37 ') and on the other hand a relative rotation of the end plate (32) and locking hook (47) in the direction of loosening direction limiting, in the circumferential direction g of the end plate (32) relative to the Lö sekralle (37) offset stop (37 ") is formed.

1 1. Filter (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the

Locking hooks (47) are part of a sheet metal plate made of spring steel sheet (45) connected to the head piece (4).

12. Filter (1) according to claim 1 1, characterized in that on the head piece (4) and / or on the spring sheet metal plate (45) and / or between the head piece (4) and the spring metal plate (45) the parts of a filter environment hung valve (6) are arranged.

13. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a plurality of openings (42) are arranged in the head piece (4) radially outward from the central threaded bore (40), which have an inlet for a filter (1 ) Form the medium to be filtered or an outlet for the filter (1) filtered medium, with at least two diametrically opposite openings (42) are designed as tool holders (43) for a screwing tool.

14. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10 or according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a sealing element (53) is provided on the second connecting elements (53) provided on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') ring (35) or a sealing ring (35) carrying a sealing ring (35 ') is arranged and that with the head piece (4) on its axially outer side a separate or formed by the spring sheet metal plate (45), when the filter is installed ( 1) the sealing ring (35) radially inwardly supporting sealing ring support (45 ') is connected.

15. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, viewed in a clockwise direction, behind each second connecting element (53) provided on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') there is one counter-clockwise increasing, when the bayonet connection (5) is loosened with the third connecting elements (54), this ramp (36 ') which cooperates axially lifting off is arranged.

16. Filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the filter housing (2) and the head piece (4) with their respective connec tion elements (52, 54) are parts made of metallic materials and that the connecting elements (53 ) on the filter insert (3) or on the installation part (3 ') are parts made of plastic.

17. Filter insert (3) which cooperates with a filter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

that the filter insert (3) has connecting elements (53) with which, together with the further connecting elements (52, 54) provided on the filter housing (2) and the head piece (4) of the filter (1), a complete bayonet connection (5) can be formed, and that a sealing ring (35) or a sealing ring (35 ') carrying a sealing ring (35) is arranged on the connecting elements (53) provided on the filter insert (3), the filter (1 ) can be sealed against the filter connection flange (8) when installed.

18. Filter insert (3) according to claim 17, characterized in that the connecting elements (53) on the filter insert (3) are designed so that they are bayonet slots (50) together with the connecting elements (52) provided on the filter housing (2) in the installed state ) form the bayonet connection (5).

19. Filter insert (3) according to claim 18, characterized in that the filter insert (3) consists of a hollow cylindrical filter material body (30) with two end plates (31, 32) and that the connecting elements (53) on the one in the installed state Head piece (4) of the filter (1) facing th end plate (32) or on a built-in part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3).

20. Filter insert (3) according to claim 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that its connecting elements (53) are formed with a stop (36) which limits the angle of rotation for rotating the filter housing (2) and the filter insert (3) arranged therein ) on the one hand and the head piece (4) of the filter (1) on the other hand relative to each other when making the bayonet connection (5).

21. Filter insert (3) according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that on the filter insert (3) or on one / the built-in part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3) are arranged, which in the installed state of the Filter insert (3) with the head piece (4) provided Ras telementen interact in the direction of rotation, the locking elements with a threaded nipple (7) of the filter connection flange (8) screwed system head piece (4) by means of the threaded nipple (7) in a rotation of the filter housing (2) and filter insert (3) are fixed relative to the head piece (4) in a binding snap-in position, and when the head piece (4) is unscrewed from the threaded nipple (7), the filter housing (2) and filter insert (3) rotate relative to the head piece (4) ) can be disengaged flexibly.

22. Filter insert (3) according to claim 21, characterized in that the Ras telemente on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3) by axially facing, on the inner circumference of a central opening (33 , 33 ') in the end plate (32) of the filter insert (3), which is close to the head piece when the filter insert (3) is installed, or in the built-in part (3') that is connected to the filter insert (3) and which can be flexibly deflected in the radial direction are formed, which stood in the installation of the filter insert (3) with in the central threaded hole (40) in Head piece (4) extending in the axial direction, correctly positioned to the locking arms (34) arranged locking grooves (44) interact.

23. Filter insert (3) according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that on an end plate (32) of the filter insert (3) facing the head piece (4) when the filter insert (3) is installed or on the one with the filter insert ( 3) connected built-in part (3 ') anti-rotation release elements are arranged, by means of which when the filter housing (2) and filter insert (3) are rotated together in the fixed direction of rotation relative to the head piece screwed onto a threaded nipple (7) of a filter connection flange (8) (4) a between the head piece (4) and the threaded denipple (7) arranged releasable anti-rotation device is transferred into the release position.

24. Filter insert (3) according to claim 23, characterized in that the anti-rotation release elements are formed by release claws (37) which on the inner circumference of a central opening (33, 33 ') of the head piece (3) when the filter insert (3) is installed 4) facing end plate (32) of the filter insert (3) or the installation part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3) are arranged facing in the direction of tight rotation.

25. The filter insert (3) according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that, viewed in a clockwise direction, behind each second connecting element (53) provided on the filter insert (3) there is one counterclockwise increasing when the bayonet connection (5 ) with the third connecting elements (54), this ramp (36 '), which interacts in an axially lifting manner, is arranged.

26. Filter insert (3) according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the connecting elements (53) on the filter insert (3) or on the built-in part (3 ') connected to the filter insert (3) are parts made of plastic .

27. Built-in part (3 ') for installation in a filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that second connecting elements (53) are arranged on the built-in part (3'), which in the filter housing (2) used Built-in part (3 ') with the first connecting elements (52) arranged on the filter housing (2) form bayonet slots (50) of the bayonet connection (5).

28. Installation part (3 ') according to claim 27, characterized in that it is a loose part or that it can be connected to the end plate (32) of the filter insert (3) facing the head piece (4) in the installed state.

29. Installation part (3 ') according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that when the installation part (3') is inserted into the filter housing (2), the second connecting elements (53) present on the installation part (3 ') in first intermediate spaces (52 ') between the first connecting elements (52) on the filter housing (2) can be inserted axially and that in the inserted state the built-in part (3') cannot be rotated relative to the filter housing (2).

30. Mounting part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the second connecting elements (53) on the mounting part (3') are formed with a stop (36) which limits the angle of rotation when the bayonet connection is established ( 5) forms.

31. Mounting part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that locking elements are arranged on the mounting part (3'), which interact with Rastele elements on the head piece (4) in the direction of rotation and which with the threaded nipple (7 ) screwed head piece (4) by means of the threaded nipple (7) in a rotation of the filter housing (2) on the one hand and the built-in part (3 ') on the other hand relative to the head piece (4) can be fixed in a locking position that prevents the threaded nipple (7) Ab screwed head piece (4) a rotation of the filter housing (2) and a component (3 ') relative to the head piece (4) allowing flexible disengagement.

32. Installation part (3 ') according to claim 31, characterized in that the Ras telemente are formed by locking arms (34) which point in the axial direction and are arranged on the inner circumference of a central opening (33') in the installation part (3 ') and flexibly deflectable in the radial direction which are designed to interact with locking elements which are formed by locking grooves (44) arranged in the axial direction in the central threaded bore (40) in the head piece (4) and arranged in the correct position relative to the locking arms (34).

33. Installation part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the installation part (3') has a central opening (33 ') and that in the inner circumference of the opening (33') to the filter insert (3) locking arms (34) provided on the end face and recesses (34 ') in the correct position and shape are arranged.

34. Built-in part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 33, characterized in that a sealing ring (35) or a sealing ring (35) carrying a sealing ring (35) on the second connecting elements (53) provided on the built-in part (3') (35 ') is arranged.

35. Built-in part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 34, characterized in that the built-in part (3') is provided with anti-rotation release elements, by means of which when the built-in part (3 ') is installed in the filter (1) a common rotation of the filter housing (2) and Fil tereinsatz (3) in the tight direction of rotation relative to the threaded nipple (7) of the filter connection flange (8) screwed head piece (4) between the head piece (4) and the threaded nipple (7) releasable anti-rotation device can be transferred into the release position.

36. Installation part (3 ') according to claim 35, characterized in that the anti-rotation release elements are formed by release claws (37) which are arranged on the inner circumference of a / the central opening (33') of the installation part (3 ') facing in the direction of tight rotation .

37. Mounting part (3 ') according to one of claims 27 to 36, characterized in that, viewed in a clockwise direction, behind each second connecting element (53) provided on the mounting part (3') there is one counter-clockwise increasing when the bayonet connection is loosened (5) with the third connecting elements (54) this ramp (36 '), which interacts axially in a lifting manner, is arranged.