WO2020156321A1 - Module de gestion d'énergie pour nanogénérateur triboélectrique, et système de bouée intelligente - Google Patents

Module de gestion d'énergie pour nanogénérateur triboélectrique, et système de bouée intelligente Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020156321A1
WO2020156321A1 PCT/CN2020/073200 CN2020073200W WO2020156321A1 WO 2020156321 A1 WO2020156321 A1 WO 2020156321A1 CN 2020073200 W CN2020073200 W CN 2020073200W WO 2020156321 A1 WO2020156321 A1 WO 2020156321A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
module
power management
management module
sensor
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PCT/CN2020/073200
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张弛
刘国旭
逄尧堃
李伟
席丰本
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北京纳米能源与系统研究所
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Publication of WO2020156321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020156321A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/16—Buoys specially adapted for marking a navigational route
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/04—Friction generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of friction power generation, in particular, to a power management module for a friction nano generator and a corresponding self-driven intelligent buoy system.
  • the ocean area accounts for 70% of the entire earth, and it provides regional and energy guarantees for the sustainable development of civilization.
  • the buoy in the ocean, as a navigation sign, night lighting and ocean monitoring equipment, is an important facility that requires long-term and continuous energy supply.
  • the energy supply of marine buoys still relies on fuel and batteries.
  • This energy supply method has problems such as short life, high price and potential environmental pollution. Therefore, a sustainable energy supply strategy is urgently needed.
  • friction nanogenerators have been invented to collect mechanical energy from the surrounding environment. Compared with traditional electromagnetic generators, friction nano generators have the advantages of simple preparation, high energy density and low operating frequency. However, because the friction nanogenerator has a large internal resistance and an unstable matching impedance, its output is usually an unstable random alternating current, and it is difficult to provide a stable direct current voltage. In practical applications, the system often needs a stable DC voltage to work normally, which greatly limits the scope of application of the friction nanogenerator.
  • one aspect of the present invention proposes a power management module for the friction nanogenerator, which is used to process the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator to generate a stable DC voltage.
  • the power management module includes:
  • a rectifier and voltage reduction module which is electrically connected to the back end of the friction nanogenerator, and is used for rectifying and voltage reduction the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator and outputting a DC signal;
  • a storage module which is electrically connected to the back end of the rectification and step-down module, and is used to store the electrical energy of the DC signal;
  • the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected to the back end of the storage module, and is used to output a DC signal with a stable voltage for use by the back end load.
  • the voltage stabilizing module includes a voltage comparator and a DC step-down circuit
  • the electric energy output by the storage module is converted into a stable voltage DC signal through the voltage comparator and the DC step-down circuit.
  • the voltage stabilizing module further includes an electronic switch for turning on or turning off the power supply for the load;
  • the electrical energy required for the operation of the electronic switch itself is provided by the friction nanogenerator.
  • the voltage stabilizing module regulates the opening and closing of the electronic switch according to changes in the voltage across the storage module.
  • the voltage stabilizing module controls the electronic switch to turn on
  • the voltage stabilizing module controls the electronic switch to turn off.
  • the present invention provides a self-driving intelligent buoy system, including:
  • Friction nano generator used to collect ocean wave energy to generate electricity
  • the power management module described above is used to process the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator.
  • the load is powered by the electric energy processed by the power management module.
  • the load includes a microcontroller and multiple sensors
  • the senor is electrically connected to the back end of the microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller is used to control the opening and closing of each sensor, so as to maximize the energy utilization efficiency in the system.
  • the senor includes at least one of the following:
  • Temperature sensor magnetic field intensity sensor, wind speed sensor, acceleration sensor and humidity sensor.
  • the load further includes a transmitter for transmitting the ocean environment information measured by the sensor to an external receiving device through an antenna under the control of the microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller is also used to monitor the energy of the storage module of the power management module, and change the transmitting frequency of the transmitter according to the voltage value across the storage module.
  • the power management module proposed in the present invention realizes the conversion of unstable random alternating current output by the friction nano generator into stable direct current through the functions of the rectifier and voltage reduction module, the storage module and the voltage stabilization module, which greatly improves the friction nano generator The scope of application.
  • the self-driving intelligent buoy system proposed by the present invention adopts a friction nano generator to collect ocean wave energy, and combines with the above-mentioned power management module to realize an efficient, stable, long-lasting, and environmentally-friendly energy supply for the buoy system.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a power management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a flow diagram of energy and information of a self-driving smart buoy system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a voltage-time diagram of the self-driving smart buoy system at different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4(a) and 4(b) are enlarged views of a part of the area in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power management module according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be understood that the circuit diagram is only used to reflect the principle of the power management module, and does not represent its specific circuit structure.
  • the present invention provides a power management module for the friction nanogenerator 1, which is used to process the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator 1.
  • the power management module includes a rectification and step-down module 2, a storage module 3 and a voltage stabilization module 4.
  • the rectification and voltage reduction module 2 is electrically connected to the back end of the friction nanogenerator 1 and includes a rectifier circuit and a DC voltage reduction circuit.
  • the friction nanogenerator 1 usually generates unstable random alternating current.
  • the rectification and voltage reduction module 2 rectifies and reduces the voltage of the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator 1, and then outputs a DC signal.
  • the storage module 3 is electrically connected to the back end of the rectification and step-down module 2 for storing the DC signal output by the rectification and step-down module 2.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 is electrically connected to the back end of the storage module 3, and is used for outputting a DC signal with a stable voltage for use by the back end load.
  • the back-end load is represented by R, which does not mean that the load only includes a resistor.
  • the rectification and voltage reduction module 2 first converts the random alternating current generated by the friction nanogenerator 1 into direct current; and then stores the electric energy through the storage module 3 for continuous operation of the drive system; and
  • the output of the storage module 3 is regulated by the voltage stabilizing module 4 to output a stable DC voltage.
  • the output voltage is stable at not less than 2.5V.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 further includes a voltage comparator and a DC step-down circuit. Under the action of the voltage comparator and the DC step-down circuit, the electric energy output by the storage module 3 is converted into a DC signal with stable voltage.
  • the DC step-down circuit can be a Buck DC step-down circuit.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 further includes an electronic switch S 2 for turning on or turning off the power supply to the load R; the electrical energy required for the operation of the electronic switch S 2 is also provided by the friction nanogenerator 1.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 can adjust the opening and closing of the electronic switch S 2 according to the change of the voltage U S at both ends of the storage module 3.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 controls the electronic switch to turn on; when the voltage U S across the storage module 3 is lower than the second threshold, the voltage stabilizing module 4 controls the The electronic switch is off.
  • the first threshold is about 4.8V and the second threshold is about 2.75V.
  • the storage module 3 can be a capacitor, and the capacity of the capacitor can be 3mF-5mF.
  • the capacity of the capacitor is not limited to this.
  • the aforementioned power management module can be applied to a self-driving intelligent buoy system.
  • the energy supply of marine buoys mainly relies on fuel and batteries.
  • This energy supply method has the problems of short life, high price and potential environmental pollution.
  • energy sources in the ocean such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, and wave energy.
  • wave energy has the characteristics of being widely distributed and not being affected by weather and seasons.
  • the present invention also provides a self-driving smart buoy system, which includes a friction nano generator, the power management module described above, and a load.
  • the friction nanogenerator is used to collect ocean wave energy to generate electrical energy; the power management module is used to process the electrical energy generated by the friction nanogenerator; the electrical energy processed by the power management module provides energy for the load.
  • the load of the self-driving smart buoy system includes a microcontroller 5 and a plurality of sensors 7.
  • the sensor 7 is electrically connected to the back end of the microcontroller 5; the microcontroller 5 controls the on and off of each sensor 7 to maximize the energy utilization efficiency in the system.
  • the sensor 7 may include at least one of the following: a temperature sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, a wind speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a humidity sensor.
  • the load of the self-driving smart buoy system further includes a transmitter 8.
  • the transmitter 8 transmits the marine environment information measured by the sensor 7 to an external receiving device through an antenna.
  • the transmitter 8 sends information to the receiver 9 and is processed by the computer terminal.
  • the microcontroller 5 can control the turning on and off of the sensor 7 and the transmitter 8 through the electronic switch 61 and the electronic switch 62, respectively. It is understandable that the electronic switches 61 and 62 are not the same as the electronic switch S 2 in the voltage stabilization module 4; the electronic switches 61 and 62 can also be regarded as part of the load, and the energy required for their work also comes from the friction nano power generation Electricity generated by machine 1.
  • the microcontroller 5 can also monitor the energy of the storage module 3 and change the transmitting frequency of the transmitter 8 according to the voltage value across the storage module 3. For example, when the voltage value across the storage module 3 is low but still higher than the second threshold, the transmission frequency of the transmitter 8 can be reduced, and the time interval for transmitting data can be increased to reduce energy consumption and prolong the working time of the system.
  • the self-driving intelligent buoy system provided by the present invention, from the perspective of energy flow, the fluctuating energy in the ocean is not affected by time, weather and seasons.
  • the friction nanogenerator 1 continuously collects this irregular mechanical energy and converts it into electrical energy.
  • This kind of electric energy cannot be directly supplied to the back-end load for direct use, and the matching impedance needs to be reduced by the rectifier and step-down module 2 and converted into DC.
  • This setting can make the triboelectric energy obtain the maximum conversion efficiency and utilization efficiency.
  • the storage module 3 stores the excess energy to drive the continuous operation of the entire system.
  • the voltage stabilizing module 4 regulates the output of a stable DC voltage in the storage module 3, and is intelligently distributed to each sensor 7, the electronic switch 61 or 62, and the transmitter 8 through the microcontroller 5. These energies all come from the ocean wave energy collected by the friction nanogenerator 1.
  • the sensor 7 can collect marine information such as magnetic field strength, temperature, humidity, acceleration, etc., during the continuous operation of the entire system. These information can be transmitted to the microcontroller 5 in time and sent by the transmitter 8. Wireless transmission to the remote receiver 9 completes the information collection and transmission of wireless network nodes.
  • the upper curve in Fig. 3 is the voltage-time diagram at U S in Fig. 1, and the lower curve is the voltage-time diagram at U 0 in Fig. 1; that is, U S is the voltage at both ends of the storage module 3, and U 0 is the voltage at the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 4.
  • the friction nanogenerator starts to collect seawater fluctuating energy at a frequency of 2 Hz, and the voltage U S across the energy storage gradually rises. About 0.2h, U S reaches the first threshold 4.8V. At this time, the electronic switch in the voltage stabilizing module is turned on.
  • the output voltage U 0 is a stable 2.5V direct current, and the back-end load enters Normal working condition.
  • the working frequency of the friction nanogenerator is reduced to 1Hz, and the value of U S decreases gradually, and finally remains at about 4.2V.
  • U 0 The constant output of 2.5V remains unchanged.
  • friction nano generator stops working, reducing the value of U S.
  • U 0 Before the value of U S decreases to the second threshold of 2.75V, U 0 can still maintain a constant output of 2.5V; until the value of U S is lower than the second threshold of 2.75V, the electronic switch in the voltage regulator module is closed, and U 0 0 is 0, the system enters the sleep state. After that, about 1.6h, the friction nanogenerator started to work again at a frequency of 2Hz, and the value of U S gradually increased until U S reached the first threshold of 4.8V again, the electronic switch in the voltage stabilizing module was turned on, and the back-end load Was awakened, started working again, and so on.
  • the working frequency of the triboelectric nanogenerator is 1Hz, and the U S is maintained at about 4.2V. It can be seen from the figure that the time interval between two launches is 60s.
  • the time interval between two transmissions of the transmitter can be further extended by the microcontroller, for example, extended to 90s to reduce energy consumption and extend the working time of the system.
  • the friction nanogenerator is used to collect ocean wave energy, and through the functions of the rectifier and voltage reduction module, the storage module and the voltage stabilization module, the unstable random alternating current output of the friction nanogenerator is converted
  • the energy supply for the buoy system with high efficiency, stability, long endurance and environmental protection is further realized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de gestion d'énergie pour un nanogénérateur triboélectrique, utilisé pour traiter l'énergie électrique produite par un nanogénérateur triboélectrique. Le module de gestion d'énergie comprend : un module de redressement et de réduction de tension destiné à effectuer un redressement et un traitement de réduction de tension sur l'énergie électrique produite par le nanogénérateur triboélectrique, et à émettre un signal de courant continu ; un module de stockage connecté électriquement à une extrémité arrière du module de redressement et de réduction de tension, et utilisé pour stocker l'énergie électrique du signal de courant continu ; et un module de stabilisation de tension connecté électriquement à une extrémité arrière du module de stockage, et utilisé pour émettre un signal de courant continu avec une tension stable pour une charge au niveau de l'extrémité arrière à utiliser. L'invention concerne en outre un système de bouée intelligente autonome, comprenant : le nanogénérateur triboélectrique destiné à collecter l'énergie des vagues océaniques pour produire l'énergie électrique ; le module de gestion d'énergie ; et la charge, l'énergie électrique traitée par le module de gestion d'énergie étant fournie à la charge.
PCT/CN2020/073200 2019-01-30 2020-01-20 Module de gestion d'énergie pour nanogénérateur triboélectrique, et système de bouée intelligente WO2020156321A1 (fr)

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CN201910096108.8 2019-01-30
CN201910096108.8A CN111313742B (zh) 2019-01-30 2019-01-30 用于摩擦纳米发电机的电源管理模块以及智能浮标系统

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CN111740485B (zh) * 2020-07-06 2021-08-24 电子科技大学 基于无源峰值检测的脉冲型微能源电源管理电路
CN112758252A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-05-07 大连海事大学 一种长续航自供能海洋监测浮标
CN113162456A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-23 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 摩擦纳米发电机、振动频率监测系统、振动频率监测方法
CN113189537A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-07-30 上海交通大学 基于柔性纳米发电机的自发电鱼类信标系统
CN113844590B (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-11-29 大连海事大学 一种利用波浪能和太阳能发电的长续航自供能海洋浮标
CN114754859A (zh) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-15 上海电力大学 一种自驱动机械振动传感器及机械振动监测方法

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