WO2020153884A1 - Configuration de procédure de mobilité conditionnelle - Google Patents

Configuration de procédure de mobilité conditionnelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020153884A1
WO2020153884A1 PCT/SE2019/051296 SE2019051296W WO2020153884A1 WO 2020153884 A1 WO2020153884 A1 WO 2020153884A1 SE 2019051296 W SE2019051296 W SE 2019051296W WO 2020153884 A1 WO2020153884 A1 WO 2020153884A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
configuration
list
additional
target cell
potential target
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PCT/SE2019/051296
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English (en)
Inventor
Icaro L. J. Da Silva
Johan Rune
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Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
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Publication of WO2020153884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020153884A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00835—Determination of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point

Definitions

  • Examples of the present disclosure relate to configuration of a conditional mobility procedure.
  • An RRC_CONNECTED wireless device (or UE) in LTE can be configured by the network to perform measurements and, upon triggering measurement reports, the network may send a handover command to the UE (e.g. in LTE an RRConnectionReconfiguration with a field called mobilityControllnfo and in New Radio, NR, or 5G an RRCRecon figuration with a reconfiguration With Sync field).
  • reconfigurations are prepared by the target cell upon a request from the source node (e.g. over X2 interface in case of EUTRA-EPC or Xn interface in case of EUTRA-5GC or NR) and takes into account the existing RRC configuration the UE has with source cell (which are provided in the inter-node request).
  • that reconfiguration provided by the target cell contains all information the UE needs to access the target cell, e.g., random access configuration, a new C-RNTI assigned by the target cell and security parameters enabling the UE to calculate new security keys associated to the target cell so the UE can send a handover complete message on SRB1 (encrypted and integrity protected) based on new security keys upon accessing the target cell.
  • Figure 1 summarizes the flow signalling 100 between UE, source node (which in this example is a gNB) and target node (which in this example is also a gNB) during a handover procedure, which also involves an AMF and a UPF.
  • user data is exchanged between UE and source gNB, and between source gNB and UPF(s).
  • Steps 0-5 of Figure 1 are a handover preparation stage.
  • Mobility Control Information is provided by AMF to source gNB.
  • measurement control and reports are exchanged between UE and source gNB.
  • the source gNB makes a handover (HO) decision.
  • source gNB sends a handover request to a target gNB.
  • target gNB performs admission control.
  • target gNB sends a HO request acknowledge to source gNB.
  • Steps 6-8 are a handover execution stage.
  • Uu handover trigger information is exchanged between UE and source gNB. The UE detaches from the old cell and synchronises to the new cell.
  • source gNB sends SN status transfer to target gNB, and delivers buffered and in transit user data to target gNB.
  • the source gNB may also forward user data to target gNB.
  • the target gNB buffers user data from source gNB.
  • step 8 the UE synchronises to the new cell (target gNB) and completed RRC HO procedure. User data may then be exchanged between UE and target gNB. User data may be forwarded from target gNB to User Plane Function(s).
  • Steps 9-12 are a handover completion stage.
  • target gNB sends a path switch request to AMF.
  • AMF and UPF(s) exchange path switch related 5G CN internal signalling and actual DL path switch is performed in UPF(s).
  • User data may then be exchanged between target gNB and UPF(s).
  • step 1 1 AMF returns a path switch request acknowledgment to the target gNB.
  • target gNB sends a UE context release to source gNB.
  • Mobility in RRC_CONNECTED is network-based as the network has best info regarding current situation such as load conditions, resources in different nodes, available frequencies, etc. Network can also take into account the situation of many UEs in the network, for a resource allocation perspective.
  • Network prepares a target cell before the UE accesses that cell.
  • Source provides UE with the RRC configuration to be used in the target cell, including SRB1 configuration to send HO complete.
  • UE is provided by target with a target C-RNTI i.e. target identifies UE from MSG.3 on MAC level for the HO complete message. Hence, there is no context fetching, unless a failure occurs.
  • network provides needed information on how to access the target e.g. RACH configuration, so the UE does not have to acquire SI prior to the handover.
  • UE may be provided with CFRA resources, i.e. so that the target identifies the UE from the preamble (MSG.1).
  • CFRA resources i.e. so that the target identifies the UE from the preamble (MSG.1).
  • MSG.1 preamble
  • the principle behind here is that the procedure can be optimized with dedicated resources. In conditional handover (CHO) this may be difficult as there is uncertainty about the final target but also the timing.
  • the HO Command e.g. RRCConnectionReconfiguration with mobilityControllnfo and RRCReconfiguration with a reconfigurationWithSync field
  • conditional handover In order to avoid the undesired dependence on the serving radio link upon the time (and radio conditions) where the UE should execute the handover, the possibility to provide RRC signaling for the handover to the UE earlier should be provided. To achieve this, it should be possible to associate the handover (HO) command with a condition e.g. based on radio conditions possibly similar to the ones associated to an A3 event, where a given neighbour becomes X db better than target. As soon as the condition is fulfilled, the UE executes the handover in accordance with the provided handover command.
  • a condition e.g. based on radio conditions possibly similar to the ones associated to an A3 event, where a given neighbour becomes X db better than target.
  • Such a condition could e.g. be that the quality of the target cell or beam becomes X dB stronger than the serving cell.
  • the threshold Y used in a preceding measurement reporting event should then be chosen lower than the one in the handover execution condition. This allows the serving cell to prepare the handover upon reception of an early measurement report and to provide the HO command (e.g. RRCConnectionReconfiguration with mobilityControllnfo (LTE) or RRCReconfiguration with a reconfigurationWithSync (NR)) at a time when the radio link between the source cell and the UE is still stable.
  • the execution of the handover is done at a later point in time (and threshold) which is considered optimal for the handover execution.
  • Figure 2 depicts an example 200 of a conditional handover procedure with a UE, serving cell (in this case illustrated as serving gNB) and a target cell (in this case a target gNB).
  • serving gNB may exchange user plane (UP) data with the UE.
  • UP user plane
  • step 1 the UE sends a measurement report with“low” threshold to serving gNB.
  • the serving gNB makes a HO decision based on this early report.
  • step 2 the serving gNB sends an early HO request to a target gNB.
  • the target gNB accepts the HO request and builds a RRC configuration.
  • the target gNB returns a HO request acknowledgment including the RRC configuration to the serving gNB in step 3.
  • step 4 a conditional HO command with “high” threshold is sent to the UE.
  • measurements by the UE may fulfil the HO condition of the conditional HO command.
  • the UE thus triggers the pending conditional handover.
  • the UE performs synchronization and random access with the target gNB in step 5, and HO confirm is exchanged in step 6.
  • target gNB infoms serving gNB that HO is completed.
  • the target gNB may then exchange user plane (UP) data with the UE.
  • UP user plane
  • conditional handover procedures may rely on context fetching, where a condition is also provided to the UE and, upon the fulfillment of the condition, the UE executes a RRC Resume procedure.
  • This may for example comprise a method executed by a UE in RRC connected mode, the method comprising:
  • serving gNB may exchange user plane (UP) data with the UE.
  • the UE sends a measurement report with“low” threshold to serving gNB.
  • the serving gNB makes a HO decision based on this early report.
  • the serving gNB sends an early HO request to a target gNB.
  • the target gNB accepts the HO request.
  • the target gNB returns a HO request acknowledgement to the serving gNB in step 3.
  • step 4 a conditional HO command with“high” threshold is sent to the UE. Subsequently, measurements by the UE may fulfil the HO condition of the conditional HO command. The UE thus triggers the pending conditional handover.
  • the UE performs synchronization and random access with the target gNB in step 5, and in step 6 sends a RRCConnectionResumeRequest message to the target gNB. The target gNB may then exchange user plane data with the UE.
  • conditional handover and conditional resume may be considered as a conditional mobility procedure.
  • Conditional mobility e.g. conditional handover
  • conditional handover has currently not been standardized.
  • signaling solution specified in the standard for conditional handover configuration.
  • CHO configuration consists of providing the UE with a list of conditional handover (CHO) configurations, where each element in the list contains at least a triggering condition and an RRC configuration to be used in a target cell fulfilling the triggering condition.
  • the configurations may also contain a validity timer for the target candidate resources (where the timer is started upon the reception of the conditional handover configuration).
  • the RRCConditionalReconfiguration message is the command to modify an RRC connection upon the triggering of an associated condition. It may convey information for measurement configuration, mobility control, radio resource configuration (including RBs, MAC main configuration and physical channel configuration) including and security configuration.
  • Signalling radio bearer SRB1 or SRB3
  • conditional handover configurations e.g. add cells and associated configurations, remove cells and associated configurations or, modify the configuration for a given cell or condition
  • the network would have to provide a complete new list of reconfigurations. Taking the above example as baseline, this would mean providing a new list (e.g. condReconfigurationList) every time something needs to be modified, even if one only needs to remove and/or modify the simplest parameter for a single target cell candidate. This is not very efficient signaling and may consume resources unnecessarily, as each time, the UE would have to stop existing monitoring processes, receive via the air interface a whole new list of configurations, and start monitoring processes it was previously monitoring.
  • conditional mobility e.g. conditional handover
  • the network needs to provide a whole list and the UE refreshes all its measurements and monitoring conditions, delays may be introduced to when the conditions are triggered, since measurements could need to be performed again.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method performed by a wireless device.
  • the wireless device is configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell (also referred to in some examples as candidate target cell).
  • the method comprises receiving a message, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list, wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • the method also comprises modifying the list of at least one configuration based on the modification of the list of the at least one configuration.
  • the method comprises sending a message to a wireless device, the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list , wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • a further aspect of the present disclosure provides a wireless device.
  • the wireless device is configurable with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell.
  • the wireless device comprises a processor and a memory.
  • the memory contains instructions executable by the processor such that the wireless device is operable to receive a message, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list, wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell, and modify the list of at least one configuration based on the modification of the list of the at least one configuration.
  • a still further aspect of the present disclosure provides a base station comprising a processor and a memory.
  • the memory contains instructions executable by the processor such that the base station is operable to send a message to a wireless device, the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list, wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • An additional aspect of the present disclosure provides a wireless device.
  • the wireless device is configurable with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell.
  • the wireless device is configured to receive a message, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list, wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell, and modify the list of at least one configuration based on the modification of the list of the at least one configuration.
  • a base station configured to send a message to a wireless device, the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list comprises modification of a first configuration in the list and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list, wherein the additional configuration is associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • Figure 1 summarizes signalling between a UE, source node and target node during a handover procedure
  • Figure 2 summarizes signalling between a UE, serving node and target node during a conditional handover procedure
  • Figure 3 summarizes signalling between a UE, serving node and target node during a conditional RRC Resume procedure
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of an example of a method performed by a wireless device
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of an example of a method performed by a base station
  • Figure 6 shows an example of a wireless network in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a User Equipment (UE) in accordance with some embodiments
  • Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Figure 9 shows a telecommunication network connected via an intermediate network to a host computer in accordance with some embodiments
  • Figure 10 shows a host computer communicating via a base station with a user equipment over a partially wireless connection in accordance with some embodiments
  • FIG. 11 shows methods implemented in a communication system in accordance with some embodiments
  • Figure 12 shows methods implemented in a communication system in accordance with some embodiments
  • Figure 13 shows methods implemented in a communication system in accordance with some embodiments
  • Figure 14 shows methods implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Figure 15 illustrates a schematic block diagram of virtualization apparatus in accordance with some embodiments.
  • Hardware implementation may include or encompass, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, a reduced instruction set processor, hardware (e.g., digital or analogue) circuitry including but not limited to application specific integrated circuit(s) (ASIC) and/or field programmable gate array(s) (FPGA(s)), and (where appropriate) state machines capable of performing such functions.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • conditional mobility or“conditional mobility procedure” is used herein to refer to (for example) conditional handover, conditional resume, conditional reconfiguration with sync, conditional reconfiguration, conditional reestablishment, etc.
  • the term should be interpreted fundamentally as any procedure that is configured by network to the UE which contains a condition (e.g. associated to measurement event) and, upon the triggering of that condition the UE shall perform the mobility related procedure e.g. resume, handover, reconfiguration with sync, beam switching, etc.
  • Some examples of the present disclosure comprise a method at a UE (user equipment, wireless device) for conditional handover (CHO) configuration/re-configuration, the method comprising:
  • a configuration e.g. a field condReconfigurationToAddModLisf
  • a list of CHO configurations e.g. the message from the network contains a configuration including an associated identifier that may be referred to later if network wants to modify that particular configuration or remove it.
  • This list of CHO configuration(s) to be added is then stored by the UE in its memory upon reception of the configuration;
  • a configuration e.g. a field condReconfigurationToAddModLisf
  • a configuration identifier e.g. a field condReconfigurationToAddModLisf
  • a specific CHO configuration indicated with a configuration identifier
  • a list of CHO configurations e.g. in the UE’s stored list
  • this may be indicated by including the same configuration identifier associated with a stored configuration (e.g. with a configuration identifier, a cell identifier, etc.) known by the network to be stored at the UE;
  • Stopping monitoring CHO conditions for the configuration matching the configuration identifier of a configuration in the list of configurations e.g. in case that needs to be modified.
  • stopping of the monitoring conditions only occurs if the parameter(s) that are modified affect the way the UE perform measurements. For example, if only thresholds are modified, the UE does not have to delete/stop previous measurements, but simply apply a different threshold in the monitoring condition.
  • the CHO trigger condition may be modified or parameters within e.g. A1 event is replaced by A3, or a threshold within A3 event is lowered, or a trigger quantity is changed, etc.
  • the CHO configuration is modified by an RRCReconfiguration message whose content is modified compared to the RRCReconfiguration message that provided the UE with its current CHO configuration, e.g. by replacing it or changing parameters within it, such as replacing the reconfigurationWithSync field in order to change candidate target cell or changing one or more parameters within he reconfigurationWithSync IE.
  • the validity timer is changed e.g. is extended. Upon changing the timer, the timer is stopped and started again, with a new expiration time value. Receiving from the network a configuration (e.g. a field condReconfigRemoveList) indicating that a specific conditional handover (CHO) configuration shall be removed from the list of CHO configurations (i.e. it contains a configuration identifier);
  • signaling may be optimized for updating conditional handover configurations, such as removing, adding or modifying conditional handover configurations. Also, updates of conditional handover configurations may not lead to deletion of configurations, but only update or replacement of relevant part, which may be a more efficient operation.
  • Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantage(s). For example, a more efficient re-configuration of conditional handover may be achieved, e.g. less data is transmitted over the air when reconfiguration is needed. This may be particularly important because these reconfigurations may typically occur when radio conditions are poor and prone to transmission errors, where large payload messages and/or sending of multiple messages could lead to retransmissions and failures. Also, existing monitoring procedures for conditional handover may not need to be disrupted due to the modifications of independent parameters, e.g. in certain embodiments a monitoring condition for candidate target cell A will not be stopped just because a CHO configuration for candidate target cell B is being removed or reconfigured.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example of a method 400 performed by a wireless device.
  • the wireless device is configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell. That is, for example, the wireless device (e.g. UE) may be configured with one or multiple conditional mobility procedures, and if the wireless device determines that the condition associated with one of the procedures is met, the UE may initiate a mobility procedure (e.g. handover) to the target cell associated with the conditional mobility procedure for which the condition has been met.
  • the target cell is hence referred to in some examples as a“potential target cell” (or“candidate target cell”) for a configuration or a conditional mobility procedure for which the condition has not yet been determined to have been met.
  • the method comprises, in step 402, receiving a message at the wireless device.
  • the message indicates a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of a first configuration in the list of at least one configuration and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • the method also comprises, in step 404, modifying the list of at least one configuration based on the modification of the list of the at least one configuration (e.g. the wireless device performs the modification to the list indicated in the message).
  • the list of at least one configuration is stored at the wireless device.
  • the first configuration may be at the start of the list of at least one configuration, or may be located in any location in the list of at least one configuration, e.g. in the middle or at the end of the list.
  • the message may result in the UE modifying its list of configuration(s) by modifying one of the existing configurations, by adding a new configuration, or by removing an existing configuration. Any other configuration(s) in the list may remain unmodified, and in some examples any associated monitoring of parameters or measurements for the unmodified configuration(s) may continue unchanged.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of a parameter of the first configuration in the list of at least one configuration.
  • the parameter of the first configuration may in some examples comprise a condition associated with the first configuration, a trigger event (e.g. A1 , A3 etc) of the conditional mobility procedure associated with the first configuration and/or the potential target cell associated with the first configuration.
  • a trigger event is for example an event that, when it occurs, causes the wireless device to carry out the associated conditional mobility procedure, e.g. start the process of handing over to the associated potential target cell, e.g. by attempting to access and connect to the associated potential target cell. Carrying out a conditional mobility procedure may also occur for example when the wireless device determines that the condition associated with that procedure has been met.
  • the condition comprises whether a signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the condition comprises whether a signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a second threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality threshold. Modification of the parameter may in some examples comprise modification of the first threshold, the second threshold, the signal quality threshold and/or the signal strength threshold.
  • the method comprises, after receiving the message, stopping monitoring of the unmodified condition associated with the first configuration (e.g. after starting monitoring of the unmodified condition before receiving the message), and starting monitoring of the modified condition associated with the first configuration. This for example ensures that the updated/modified condition is the condition that triggers the associated mobility procedure when the condition is met.
  • the modification of the parameter comprises modification of the first threshold, the second threshold, the signal quality threshold and/or the signal strength threshold. In some examples of this, the monitoring/measuring performed by the wireless device may continue unmodified, even if the parameter has changed, because the wireless device may simply compare the monitored parameters/measurements with the modified threshold(s).
  • modification of the first configuration in the list of at least one configuration comprises removal of the first configuration from the list of at least one configuration.
  • the wireless device may stop performing measurements associated with the first configuration and/or stop comparing the measurements with an associated condition and/or refrain from performing a mobility procedure to the associated potential target cell.
  • the message identifies the first configuration using a configuration identifier and/or an identifier of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration.
  • the wireless device thus for example can identify the configuration being modified in the list.
  • the method comprises, after receiving the message, continuing monitoring of a respective condition associated with at least one other configuration in the list of at least one configuration other than the condition associated with the first configuration.
  • the method may comprise monitoring (or starting monitoring) the respective condition before receiving the message.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration may in some examples comprise addition of the additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with the additional conditional mobility procedure and the additional potential target cell.
  • the existing configuration(s) may be unmodified.
  • the message may identify the potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or indicate an identification of the additional configuration.
  • the method comprises determining that the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or the identification of the additional configuration does not match the respective potential target cell and/or identification associated with each of the at least one configuration.
  • the wireless device may thus for example be able to determine that the additional configuration is indeed a new configuration to be added to the list of configuration(s).
  • the message indicates an additional condition associated with the additional configuration, and/or the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration.
  • the wireless device may perform a mobility procedure to the additional potential target cell if it determines that the additional condition has been met.
  • the additional condition may for example comprise whether a signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • the additional condition may comprise whether a signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a second threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality threshold.
  • the method may comprise, after receiving the message, starting monitoring of the additional condition associated with the additional configuration.
  • the method may comprise continuing monitoring of a respective condition associated with at least one other configuration in the list of at least one configuration other than the additional condition associated with the additional configuration.
  • the message may in some examples be received from a node controlling the serving cell of the wireless device, i.e. the message may be received in the serving cell.
  • the message may for example comprise an RRCConnectionReconfiguration message or an RRCReconfiguration message.
  • Each of the at least one conditional mobility procedure associated with each of the at least one configuration may in some examples comprise a handover to the respective potential target cell, a reconfiguration with sync to the respective potential target cell, or a resume procedure to the respective potential target cell associated with the conditional mobility procedure.
  • the resume procedure may comprise for example an RRC Resume procedure.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an example of a method 500 performed by a base station.
  • the method 500 comprises, in step 502, sending a message to a wireless device (e.g. UE), the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of a first configuration in the list of at least one configuration and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • a wireless device e.g. UE
  • the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell
  • the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of
  • the base station may cause a modification of the wireless device’s list of configurations without sending a full set of configurations, particularly in the case where the list contains at least one configuration that is to remain unmodified.
  • the message may be received at the wireless device in accordance with the method performed at the wireless device described above.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration may comprise for example modification of a parameter of the first configuration in the list of at least one configuration.
  • the parameter of the first configuration comprises for example a condition associated with the first configuration, a trigger event of the conditional mobility procedure associated with the first configuration and/or the potential target cell associated with the first configuration. Additionally or alternatively, for example, the condition comprises whether a signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • the condition comprises whether a signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a second threshold or offset, and/or whether the signal quality of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration is greater than a signal quality threshold.
  • Modification of the parameter may for example comprise modification of the first threshold, the second threshold, the signal quality threshold and/or the signal strength threshold.
  • Modification of the first configuration in the list of at least one configuration may for example comprise removal of the first configuration from the list of at least one configuration.
  • the message identifies the first configuration using a configuration identifier and/or an identifier of the potential target cell associated with the first configuration.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises addition of the additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with the additional conditional mobility procedure and the additional potential target cell.
  • the message may for example identify the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or indicates an identification of the additional configuration.
  • the message may for example indicate an additional condition associated with the additional configuration, and/or the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration.
  • the additional condition may comprise for example whether a signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold, and/or whether the signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • the message may comprise an RRCConnectionReconfiguration message or a RRCReconfigurationmessage in some examples.
  • each of the at least one configuration comprises a handover to the respective potential target cell, a reconfiguration with sync to the respective potential target cell, or a resume procedure to the respective potential target cell associated with the configuration.
  • the resume procedure comprises in some examples an RRC Resume procedure.
  • the base station is associated with a serving cell of the wireless device in some examples.
  • the message may be transferred using multiple communications (e.g. the message is made up of multiple messages). Additionally or alternatively, the message may include multiple modifications to the list of configuration(s). For example, two or more configurations may be modified (e.g. the parameters associated therewith modified), two or more may be removed, two or more may be added, or a mixture. For example, one or more may be modified (e.g. the parameter(s)), one or more may be removed and/or one or more may be added.
  • a UE configured with a set of conditional mobility procedures shall execute a handover (or conditional handover or other conditional mobility procedure in other examples) when the condition for the procedure (that is, the condition associated with the condition and/or the conditional mobility procedure) is fulfilled.
  • conditional handover or conditional mobility procedure related configuration(s) this may be for a cell (e.g. potential target cell), list of cell(s), measurement object(s) or frequencies.
  • RAT Radio Access Technology
  • a“handover” is referred to as an example of a more general mobility procedure and hence a conditional handover may be understood to be a conditional mobility procedure wherever referred to.
  • condition handover related configuration(s) for a cell may in some examples comprise at least one or more of the following:
  • RRCReconfiguration message or an RRCReconfiguration- like message possibly containing a reconfigurationWithSync IE using NR terminology (defined in 3GPP TS 38.331 V15.3.0) and prepared by target candidate node(s) (e.g. controlling potential target cell(s)).
  • NR terminology defined in 3GPP TS 38.331 V15.3.0
  • target candidate node(s) e.g. controlling potential target cell(s)
  • E-UTRA terminology an RRCConnectionReconfiguration message or an RRCConnectionReconfiguration-like message with a mobilityControllnfo IE (defined in 3GPP TS 36.331 V15.3.0);
  • Triggering condition(s) configuration e.g. A1-A6 triggering events or B1-B2 inter-RAT triggering events (as defined in 3GPP TS 38.331 V15.3.0 / 3GPP TSA 36.331 V15.3.0 in the reportConfig IE), or similar, where instead of triggering a measurement report it would trigger a conditional handover;
  • conditional handover controlling parameters e.g. timer defining the validity time of candidate target resources, etc.
  • the term handover or reconfiguration with sync may be referred to or be used with a similar meaning.
  • a conditional handover may also be called a conditional reconfiguration with sync or more generally both of these terms may be examples of a conditional mobility procedure, which may be used in place of these terms.
  • the handovers may for example be called an RRCReconfiguration with a reconfigurationWithSync field containing configuration information necessary to execute a handover, such as for example target cell information such as frequency, cell identifier, random access configuration, etc.
  • the handovers may be called an RRCConnectionReconfiguration with a mobilityControllnfo (field containing configuration necessary to execute a handover).
  • UE and network actions defined in some examples of this disclosure and network configurations are described as being performed in NR or E-UTRA.
  • the configuration of a conditional HO received in NR for NR cells UE is suspended in NR and UE resumes in NR.
  • examples may also be applicable when any of these steps occurs in different RATs, for example:
  • UE is configured with a conditional HO in E-UTRA (for candidate NR and E-UTRA cells), UE is suspended in E-UTRA, but UE resumes in E-UTRA;
  • UE is configured with a conditional HO in NR (for candidate NR and LTE cells), UE is suspended in NR, but UE resumes in E-UTRA;
  • UE is configured with a conditional HO in E-UTRA (for candidate NR and E-UTRA cells), UE is suspended in E-UTRA, but UE resumes in NR;
  • UE is configured with a condition HO in RAT-1 for cells in RAT-1 or RAT-2, the UE is suspended in RAT-1 , but the UE resumes in RAT-2.
  • RAT- 1 and RAT-2 may be the same or different.
  • Example methods may in some examples be described in the context of conditional handover (or at least the described configurations to be handled in suspend/resume procedure may relate to CHO configuration(s)), which should not be interpreted as a limiting factor. Example methods may also be applicable for handovers triggered by the reception of an RRCReconfiguration message with a reconfigurationWithSync IE (or reception of an RRCConnectionReconfiguration with a mobilityControllnfo) without any condition associated.
  • sleeping state may be used when referring to RRCJDLE, RRCJNACTIVE or any other protocol state designed with procedures for battery savings and not fast access, compared to connected state where the protocol actions are designed for fast access / data transmission.
  • NR New Radio
  • 5G New Radio
  • methods in the present disclosure may apply to any suitable wireless communication technology. Examples may allow the UE to add or remove a whole CHO configuration, thanks to a CHO configuration identifier, without interfering with other configurations or conditions for CHO being monitored. It may also be possible in some examples to replace a whole trigger condition for the same RRCReconfiguration, thanks to the fact that within each configuration, trigger quantity and RRC configuration may have both “need” code“M”, e.g. if the CHO configuration (or e.g. modification) is provided and the fields are absent, stored ones should apply. However, at least one shall be present for a modification procedure.
  • the RRCConditionalReconfiguration message is the command to modify an RRC connection upon the triggering of an associated condition. It may convey information for measurement configuration, mobility control, radio resource configuration (including RBs, MAC main configuration and physical channel configuration) including and security configuration.
  • Signalling radio bearer SRB1 or SRB3
  • the IE CondReconfigurationld is used to identify a conditional reconfiguration, linking an RRCRecon figuration with a trigger condition.
  • the IE CondReconfigurationToAddModList concerns a list of conditional handover configurations to add or modify.
  • the IE MeasIdToAddModList concerns a list of measurement identities to add or modify, with for each entry the measld, the associated measObjectld and the associated reportConfigld.
  • the measConfigCond field is shown as a type MeasIdToAddMod, it could in some examples be seen as a generic field standing for a measurement configuration, which comprises at least a reportConfig-like configuration and a measurement object, indicating the frequency of the cell to be measured.
  • the cell to be measured may either be indicated by the RRCReconfiguration, more precisely in the reconfigurationWithSync field prepared by a target candidate, or in the white cell list in reportConfig, or by a specific field indicating the cell identifier.
  • there is a trigger condition provided by the measConfigCond field possibly based on measurements configured either here or previously configured.
  • MeasConfig field of MeasConfig IE is included in the RRCConditionalReconfiguration to provide the measurement objects (measObject( s)), reporting configurations ( reportConfig or equivalent, to configure the triggering condition) and their respective identifiers, which may be then linked in the measConfigCond.
  • the measConfig may also be provided in a separate message.
  • a“message” may comprise for example one or multiple messages or communications.
  • this is an example of how example methods may be implemented in in 3GPP
  • the UE shall:
  • the UE shall:
  • the UE shall:
  • Examples methods may also comprise the definition of a new UE variable to manage conditional handover configurations, e.g., called VarCondReconfig and defined as follows (which is an example of how example methods may be implemented in in 3GPP TS 38.331):
  • VarCondReconfig The UE variable VarCondReconfig includes the accumulated configuration of the conditional handover configurations to be monitored by the UE.
  • one“level” may be removed, such that CHO configurations are visible only at a “list level” and not as a compound information element, IE.
  • IE compound information element
  • the RRCReconfiguration message is the command to modify an RRC connection. It may convey information for measurement configuration, mobility control, radio resource configuration (including RBs, MAC main configuration and physical channel configuration) including security configuration.
  • Signalling radio bearer SRB1 or SRB3
  • this ASN.1 code replaces the part of the ASN.1 code (e.g. as disclosed above) that describes the RRCConditionalReconfiguration message.
  • the remaining ASN.1 code (e.g. as disclosed above) can be reused.
  • the new parameters are included in the RRCReconfiguration-v1530-1 Es IE. Note that this may for example be regarded as a way to highlight in what way the new parameters would be introduced.
  • An alternative to including these parameters in the RRCReconfiguration-v1530- lEs IE could be to instead for example include them in another extension IE, e.g. a nonCriticalExtension IE or a lateNonCriticalExtension IE.
  • the CHO configuration associated with a potential target cell may be referenced using a CondReconfigurationld, which is defined in some examples as an INTEGER (1...maxNrofCondReconfigurationld).
  • this way of referencing the CHO configuration associated with a potential target cell could instead in some examples be replaced by an identifier associated with the potential target cell, e.g. a cell identifier such as the physical cell identity (PCI).
  • PCI physical cell identity
  • a wireless network such as the example wireless network illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the wireless network of Figure 6 only depicts network QQ106, network nodes QQ160 and QQ160b, and WDs QQ110, QQ110b, and QQ110c.
  • a wireless network may further include any additional elements suitable to support communication between wireless devices or between a wireless device and another communication device, such as a landline telephone, a service provider, or any other network node or end device.
  • network node QQ160 and wireless device (WD) QQ110 are depicted with additional detail.
  • the wireless network may provide communication and other types of services to one or more wireless devices to facilitate the wireless devices’ access to and/or use of the services provided by, or via, the wireless network.
  • the wireless network may comprise and/or interface with any type of communication, telecommunication, data, cellular, and/or radio network or other similar type of system.
  • the wireless network may be configured to operate according to specific standards or other types of predefined rules or procedures.
  • wireless network may implement communication standards, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and/or other suitable 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G standards; wireless local area network (WLAN) standards, such as the IEEE 802.11 standards; and/or any other appropriate wireless communication standard, such as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), Bluetooth, Z-Wave and/or ZigBee standards.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WiMax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • Bluetooth Z-Wave and/or ZigBee standards.
  • Network QQ106 may comprise one or more backhaul networks, core networks, IP networks, public switched telephone networks (PSTNs), packet data networks, optical networks, wide-area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), wired networks, wireless networks, metropolitan area networks, and other networks to enable communication between devices.
  • PSTNs public switched telephone networks
  • WANs wide-area networks
  • LANs local area networks
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • wired networks wireless networks, metropolitan area networks, and other networks to enable communication between devices.
  • Network node QQ160 and WD QQ1 10 comprise various components described in more detail below. These components work together in order to provide network node and/or wireless device functionality, such as providing wireless connections in a wireless network.
  • the wireless network may comprise any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, base stations, controllers, wireless devices, relay stations, and/or any other components or systems that may facilitate or participate in the communication of data and/or signals whether via wired or wireless connections.
  • network node refers to equipment capable, configured, arranged and/or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a wireless device and/or with other network nodes or equipment in the wireless network to enable and/or provide wireless access to the wireless device and/or to perform other functions (e.g., administration) in the wireless network.
  • network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (APs) (e.g., radio access points), base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio base stations, Node Bs, evolved Node Bs (eNBs) and NR NodeBs (gNBs)).
  • APs access points
  • BSs base stations
  • eNBs evolved Node Bs
  • gNBs NR NodeBs
  • Base stations may be categorized based on the amount of coverage they provide (or, stated differently, their transmit power level) and may then also be referred to as femto base stations, pico base stations, micro base stations, or macro base stations.
  • a base station may be a relay node or a relay donor node controlling a relay.
  • a network node may also include one or more (or all) parts of a distributed radio base station such as centralized digital units and/or remote radio units (RRUs), sometimes referred to as Remote Radio Heads (RRHs). Such remote radio units may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna integrated radio.
  • RRUs remote radio units
  • RRHs Remote Radio Heads
  • Such remote radio units may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna integrated radio.
  • Parts of a distributed radio base station may also be referred to as nodes in a distributed antenna system (DAS).
  • DAS distributed antenna system
  • network nodes include multi-standard radio (MSR) equipment such as MSR BSs, network controllers such as radio network controllers (RNCs) or base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), transmission points, transmission nodes, multi-cell/multicast coordination entities (MCEs), core network nodes (e.g., MSCs, MMEs), O&M nodes, OSS nodes, SON nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., E-SMLCs), and/or MDTs.
  • MSR multi-standard radio
  • RNCs radio network controllers
  • BSCs base station controllers
  • BTSs base transceiver stations
  • transmission points transmission nodes
  • MCEs multi-cell/multicast coordination entities
  • core network nodes e.g., MSCs, MMEs
  • O&M nodes e.g., OSS nodes, SON nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., E-SMLCs), and/or MDTs.
  • network nodes may represent any suitable device (or group of devices) capable, configured, arranged, and/or operable to enable and/or provide a wireless device with access to the wireless network or to provide some service to a wireless device that has accessed the wireless network.
  • network node QQ160 includes processing circuitry QQ170, device readable medium QQ180, interface QQ190, auxiliary equipment QQ184, power source QQ186, power circuitry QQ187, and antenna QQ162.
  • network node QQ160 illustrated in the example wireless network of Figure 6 may represent a device that includes the illustrated combination of hardware components, other embodiments may comprise network nodes with different combinations of components. It is to be understood that a network node comprises any suitable combination of hardware and/or software needed to perform the tasks, features, functions and methods disclosed herein.
  • network node QQ160 may comprise multiple different physical components that make up a single illustrated component (e.g., device readable medium QQ180 may comprise multiple separate hard drives as well as multiple RAM modules).
  • network node QQ160 may be composed of multiple physically separate components (e.g., a NodeB component and a RNC component, or a BTS component and a BSC component, etc.), which may each have their own respective components.
  • network node QQ160 comprises multiple separate components (e.g., BTS and BSC components)
  • one or more of the separate components may be shared among several network nodes.
  • a single RNC may control multiple NodeB’s.
  • each unique NodeB and RNC pair may in some instances be considered a single separate network node.
  • network node QQ160 may be configured to support multiple radio access technologies (RATs).
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • Network node QQ160 may also include multiple sets of the various illustrated components for different wireless technologies integrated into network node QQ160, such as, for example, GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, or Bluetooth wireless technologies. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chip or set of chips and other components within network node QQ160.
  • Processing circuitry QQ170 is configured to perform any determining, calculating, or similar operations (e.g., certain obtaining operations) described herein as being provided by a network node. These operations performed by processing circuitry QQ170 may include processing information obtained by processing circuitry QQ170 by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored in the network node, and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination.
  • processing information obtained by processing circuitry QQ170 by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored in the network node, and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination.
  • Processing circuitry QQ170 may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software and/or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other network node QQ160 components, such as device readable medium QQ180, network node QQ160 functionality.
  • processing circuitry QQ170 may execute instructions stored in device readable medium QQ180 or in memory within processing circuitry QQ170. Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features, functions, or benefits discussed herein.
  • processing circuitry QQ170 may include a system on a chip (SOC).
  • SOC system on a chip
  • processing circuitry QQ170 may include one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry QQ172 and baseband processing circuitry QQ174.
  • radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry QQ172 and baseband processing circuitry QQ174 may be on separate chips (or sets of chips), boards, or units, such as radio units and digital units.
  • part or all of RF transceiver circuitry QQ172 and baseband processing circuitry QQ174 may be on the same chip or set of chips, boards, or units
  • processing circuitry QQ170 executing instructions stored on device readable medium QQ180 or memory within processing circuitry QQ170.
  • some or all of the functionality may be provided by processing circuitry QQ170 without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device readable medium, such as in a hard-wired manner.
  • processing circuitry QQ170 can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to processing circuitry QQ170 alone or to other components of network node QQ160, but are enjoyed by network node QQ160 as a whole, and/or by end users and the wireless network generally.
  • Device readable medium QQ180 may comprise any form of volatile or non-volatile computer readable memory including, without limitation, persistent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), mass storage media (for example, a hard disk), removable storage media (for example, a flash drive, a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), and/or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device readable and/or computer- executable memory devices that store information, data, and/or instructions that may be used by processing circuitry 00170.
  • volatile or non-volatile computer readable memory including, without limitation, persistent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), mass storage media (for example, a hard disk), removable storage media (for example, a flash drive, a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), and/or any other volatile
  • Device readable medium QQ180 may store any suitable instructions, data or information, including a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, etc. and/or other instructions capable of being executed by processing circuitry QQ170 and, utilized by network node QQ160.
  • Device readable medium QQ180 may be used to store any calculations made by processing circuitry QQ170 and/or any data received via interface QQ190.
  • processing circuitry QQ170 and device readable medium QQ180 may be considered to be integrated.
  • Interface QQ190 is used in the wired or wireless communication of signalling and/or data between network node QQ160, network QQ106, and/or WDs QQ1 10. As illustrated, interface QQ190 comprises port(s)/terminal(s) QQ194 to send and receive data, for example to and from network QQ106 over a wired connection. Interface QQ190 also includes radio front end circuitry QQ192 that may be coupled to, or in certain embodiments a part of, antenna QQ162. Radio front end circuitry QQ192 comprises filters QQ198 and amplifiers QQ196. Radio front end circuitry QQ192 may be connected to antenna QQ162 and processing circuitry QQ170.
  • Radio front end circuitry may be configured to condition signals communicated between antenna QQ162 and processing circuitry QQ170.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ192 may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or WDs via a wireless connection.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ192 may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters QQ198 and/or amplifiers QQ196. The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna QQ162.
  • antenna QQ162 may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by radio front end circuitry QQ192.
  • the digital data may be passed to processing circuitry QQ170.
  • the interface may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components.
  • network node QQ160 may not include separate radio front end circuitry QQ192, instead, processing circuitry QQ170 may comprise radio front end circuitry and may be connected to antenna QQ162 without separate radio front end circuitry QQ192.
  • processing circuitry QQ170 may comprise radio front end circuitry and may be connected to antenna QQ162 without separate radio front end circuitry QQ192.
  • all or some of RF transceiver circuitry QQ172 may be considered a part of interface QQ190.
  • interface QQ190 may include one or more ports or terminals QQ194, radio front end circuitry QQ192, and RF transceiver circuitry QQ172, as part of a radio unit (not shown), and interface QQ190 may communicate with baseband processing circuitry QQ174, which is part of a digital unit (not shown).
  • Antenna QQ162 may include one or more antennas, or antenna arrays, configured to send and/or receive wireless signals. Antenna QQ162 may be coupled to radio front end circuitry QQ190 and may be any type of antenna capable of transmitting and receiving data and/or signals wirelessly. In some embodiments, antenna QQ162 may comprise one or more omni-directional, sector or panel antennas operable to transmit/receive radio signals between, for example, 2 GHz and 66 GHz.
  • An omni-directional antenna may be used to transmit/receive radio signals in any direction
  • a sector antenna may be used to transmit/receive radio signals from devices within a particular area
  • a panel antenna may be a line of sight antenna used to transmit/receive radio signals in a relatively straight line.
  • the use of more than one antenna may be referred to as MIMO.
  • antenna QQ162 may be separate from network node QQ160 and may be connectable to network node QQ160 through an interface or port.
  • Antenna QQ162, interface QQ190, and/or processing circuitry QQ170 may be configured to perform any receiving operations and/or certain obtaining operations described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and/or signals may be received from a wireless device, another network node and/or any other network equipment. Similarly, antenna QQ162, interface QQ190, and/or processing circuitry QQ170 may be configured to perform any transmitting operations described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and/or signals may be transmitted to a wireless device, another network node and/or any other network equipment.
  • Power circuitry QQ187 may comprise, or be coupled to, power management circuitry and is configured to supply the components of network node QQ160 with power for performing the functionality described herein. Power circuitry QQ187 may receive power from power source QQ186. Power source QQ186 and/or power circuitry QQ187 may be configured to provide power to the various components of network node QQ160 in a form suitable for the respective components (e.g., at a voltage and current level needed for each respective component). Power source QQ186 may either be included in, or external to, power circuitry QQ187 and/or network node QQ160.
  • network node QQ160 may be connectable to an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet) via an input circuitry or interface such as an electrical cable, whereby the external power source supplies power to power circuitry QQ187.
  • power source QQ186 may comprise a source of power in the form of a battery or battery pack which is connected to, or integrated in, power circuitry QQ187. The battery may provide backup power should the external power source fail.
  • Other types of power sources such as photovoltaic devices, may also be used.
  • network node QQ160 may include additional components beyond those shown in Figure 6 that may be responsible for providing certain aspects of the network node’s functionality, including any of the functionality described herein and/or any functionality necessary to support the subject matter described herein.
  • network node QQ160 may include user interface equipment to allow input of information into network node QQ160 and to allow output of information from network node QQ160. This may allow a user to perform diagnostic, maintenance, repair, and other administrative functions for network node QQ160.
  • wireless device refers to a device capable, configured, arranged and/or operable to communicate wirelessly with network nodes and/or other wireless devices.
  • the term WD may be used interchangeably herein with user equipment (UE).
  • Communicating wirelessly may involve transmitting and/or receiving wireless signals using electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves, and/or other types of signals suitable for conveying information through air.
  • a WD may be configured to transmit and/or receive information without direct human interaction.
  • a WD may be designed to transmit information to a network on a predetermined schedule, when triggered by an internal or external event, or in response to requests from the network.
  • Examples of a WD include, but are not limited to, a smart phone, a mobile phone, a cell phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a desktop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless cameras, a gaming console or device, a music storage device, a playback appliance, a wearable terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, a tablet, a laptop, a laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), a laptop-mounted equipment (LME), a smart device, a wireless customer-premise equipment (CPE) a vehicle- mounted wireless terminal device, etc.
  • VoIP voice over IP
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a wireless cameras a gaming console or device
  • a music storage device a playback appliance
  • a wearable terminal device a wireless endpoint
  • a mobile station a tablet, a laptop, a laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), a laptop-mounted equipment (L
  • a WD may support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example by implementing a 3GPP standard for sidelink communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and may in this case be referred to as a D2D communication device.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • a WD may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and/or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and/or measurements to another WD and/or a network node.
  • the WD may in this case be a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, which may in a 3GPP context be referred to as an MTC device.
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • the WD may be a UE implementing the 3GPP narrow band internet of things (NB-loT) standard.
  • NB-loT narrow band internet of things
  • machines or devices are sensors, metering devices such as power meters, industrial machinery, or home or personal appliances (e.g. refrigerators, televisions, etc.) personal wearables (e.g., watches, fitness trackers, etc.).
  • a WD may represent a vehicle or other equipment that is capable of monitoring and/or reporting on its operational status or other functions associated with its operation.
  • a WD as described above may represent the endpoint of a wireless connection, in which case the device may be referred to as a wireless terminal. Furthermore, a WD as described above may be mobile, in which case it may also be referred to as a mobile device or a mobile terminal.
  • wireless device QQ1 10 includes antenna QQ11 1 , interface QQ114, processing circuitry QQ120, device readable medium QQ130, user interface equipment QQ132, auxiliary equipment QQ134, power source QQ136 and power circuitry QQ137.
  • WD QQ110 may include multiple sets of one or more of the illustrated components for different wireless technologies supported by WD QQ1 10, such as, for example, GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, WiMAX, or Bluetooth wireless technologies, just to mention a few. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chips or set of chips as other components within WD QQ1 10.
  • Antenna QQ11 1 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays, configured to send and/or receive wireless signals, and is connected to interface QQ114. In certain alternative embodiments, antenna QQ11 1 may be separate from WD QQ1 10 and be connectable to WD QQ110 through an interface or port. Antenna QQ1 1 1 , interface QQ114, and/or processing circuitry QQ120 may be configured to perform any receiving or transmitting operations described herein as being performed by a WD. Any information, data and/or signals may be received from a network node and/or another WD. In some embodiments, radio front end circuitry and/or antenna QQ11 1 may be considered an interface.
  • interface QQ114 comprises radio front end circuitry QQ1 12 and antenna QQ11 1.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ112 comprise one or more filters QQ118 and amplifiers QQ116.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ1 14 is connected to antenna QQ11 1 and processing circuitry QQ120, and is configured to condition signals communicated between antenna QQ11 1 and processing circuitry QQ120.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ112 may be coupled to or a part of antenna QQ1 11.
  • WD QQ1 10 may not include separate radio front end circuitry QQ1 12; rather, processing circuitry QQ120 may comprise radio front end circuitry and may be connected to antenna QQ11 1.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ112 may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or WDs via a wireless connection.
  • Radio front end circuitry QQ1 12 may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters QQ1 18 and/or amplifiers QQ1 16. The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna QQ1 11.
  • antenna QQ1 11 may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by radio front end circuitry QQ112.
  • the digital data may be passed to processing circuitry QQ120.
  • the interface may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components.
  • Processing circuitry QQ120 may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software, and/or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other WD QQ1 10 components, such as device readable medium QQ130, WD QQ110 functionality. Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features or benefits discussed herein.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 may execute instructions stored in device readable medium QQ130 or in memory within processing circuitry QQ120 to provide the functionality disclosed herein.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 includes one or more of RF transceiver circuitry QQ122, baseband processing circuitry QQ124, and application processing circuitry QQ126.
  • the processing circuitry may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 of WD QQ1 10 may comprise a SOC.
  • RF transceiver circuitry QQ122, baseband processing circuitry QQ124, and application processing circuitry QQ126 may be on separate chips or sets of chips.
  • part or all of baseband processing circuitry QQ124 and application processing circuitry QQ126 may be combined into one chip or set of chips, and RF transceiver circuitry QQ122 may be on a separate chip or set of chips.
  • part or all of RF transceiver circuitry QQ122 and baseband processing circuitry QQ124 may be on the same chip or set of chips, and application processing circuitry QQ126 may be on a separate chip or set of chips.
  • part or all of RF transceiver circuitry QQ122, baseband processing circuitry QQ124, and application processing circuitry QQ126 may be combined in the same chip or set of chips.
  • RF transceiver circuitry QQ122 may be a part of interface QQ114.
  • RF transceiver circuitry QQ122 may condition RF signals for processing circuitry QQ120.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 executing instructions stored on device readable medium QQ130, which in certain embodiments may be a computer- readable storage medium.
  • some or all of the functionality may be provided by processing circuitry QQ120 without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device readable storage medium, such as in a hard-wired manner.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to processing circuitry QQ120 alone or to other components of WD QQ1 10, but are enjoyed by WD QQ1 10 as a whole, and/or by end users and the wireless network generally.
  • Processing circuitry QQ120 may be configured to perform any determining, calculating, or similar operations (e.g., certain obtaining operations) described herein as being performed by a WD. These operations, as performed by processing circuitry QQ120, may include processing information obtained by processing circuitry QQ120 by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored by WD QQ110, and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination.
  • processing information obtained by processing circuitry QQ120 by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored by WD QQ110, and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination.
  • Device readable medium QQ130 may be operable to store a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, etc. and/or other instructions capable of being executed by processing circuitry QQ120.
  • Device readable medium QQ130 may include computer memory (e.g., Random Access Memory (RAM) or Read Only Memory (ROM)), mass storage media (e.g., a hard disk), removable storage media (e.g., a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), and/or any other volatile or non volatile, non-transitory device readable and/or computer executable memory devices that store information, data, and/or instructions that may be used by processing circuitry QQ120.
  • processing circuitry QQ120 and device readable medium QQ130 may be considered to be integrated.
  • User interface equipment QQ132 may provide components that allow for a human user to interact with WD QQ1 10. Such interaction may be of many forms, such as visual, audial, tactile, etc. User interface equipment QQ132 may be operable to produce output to the user and to allow the user to provide input to WD QQ1 10. The type of interaction may vary depending on the type of user interface equipment QQ132 installed in WD QQ1 10. For example, if WD QQ110 is a smart phone, the interaction may be via a touch screen; if WD QQ110 is a smart meter, the interaction may be through a screen that provides usage (e.g., the number of gallons used) or a speaker that provides an audible alert (e.g., if smoke is detected).
  • usage e.g., the number of gallons used
  • a speaker that provides an audible alert
  • User interface equipment QQ132 may include input interfaces, devices and circuits, and output interfaces, devices and circuits. User interface equipment QQ132 is configured to allow input of information into WD QQ1 10, and is connected to processing circuitry QQ120 to allow processing circuitry QQ120 to process the input information. User interface equipment QQ132 may include, for example, a microphone, a proximity or other sensor, keys/buttons, a touch display, one or more cameras, a USB port, or other input circuitry. User interface equipment QQ132 is also configured to allow output of information from WD QQ1 10, and to allow processing circuitry QQ120 to output information from WD QQ110.
  • User interface equipment QQ132 may include, for example, a speaker, a display, vibrating circuitry, a USB port, a headphone interface, or other output circuitry. Using one or more input and output interfaces, devices, and circuits, of user interface equipment QQ132, WD QQ110 may communicate with end users and/or the wireless network, and allow them to benefit from the functionality described herein.
  • Auxiliary equipment QQ134 is operable to provide more specific functionality which may not be generally performed by WDs. This may comprise specialized sensors for doing measurements for various purposes, interfaces for additional types of communication such as wired communications etc. The inclusion and type of components of auxiliary equipment QQ134 may vary depending on the embodiment and/or scenario.
  • Power source QQ136 may, in some embodiments, be in the form of a battery or battery pack. Other types of power sources, such as an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet), photovoltaic devices or power cells, may also be used.
  • WD QQ110 may further comprise power circuitry QQ137 for delivering power from power source QQ136 to the various parts of WD QQ1 10 which need power from power source QQ136 to carry out any functionality described or indicated herein.
  • Power circuitry QQ137 may in certain embodiments comprise power management circuitry.
  • Power circuitry QQ137 may additionally or alternatively be operable to receive power from an external power source; in which case WD QQ110 may be connectable to the external power source (such as an electricity outlet) via input circuitry or an interface such as an electrical power cable. Power circuitry QQ137 may also in certain embodiments be operable to deliver power from an external power source to power source QQ136. This may be, for example, for the charging of power source QQ136. Power circuitry QQ137 may perform any formatting, converting, or other modification to the power from power source QQ136 to make the power suitable for the respective components of WD QQ110 to which power is supplied.
  • Figure 7 illustrates one embodiment of a UE in accordance with various aspects described herein.
  • a user equipment or UE may not necessarily have a user in the sense of a human user who owns and/or operates the relevant device.
  • a UE may represent a device that is intended for sale to, or operation by, a human user but which may not, or which may not initially, be associated with a specific human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller).
  • a UE may represent a device that is not intended for sale to, or operation by, an end user but which may be associated with or operated for the benefit of a user (e.g., a smart power meter).
  • UE QQ2200 may be any UE identified by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), including a NB-loT UE, a machine type communication (MTC) UE, and/or an enhanced MTC (eMTC) UE.
  • UE QQ200 is one example of a WD configured for communication in accordance with one or more communication standards promulgated by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 3GPP’s GSM, UMTS, LTE, and/or 5G standards.
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the term WD and UE may be used interchangeable. Accordingly, although Figure 7 is a UE, the components discussed herein are equally applicable to a WD, and vice-versa.
  • UE QQ200 includes processing circuitry QQ201 that is operatively coupled to input/output interface QQ205, radio frequency (RF) interface QQ209, network connection interface QQ21 1 , memory QQ215 including random access memory (RAM) QQ217, read-only memory (ROM) QQ219, and storage medium QQ221 or the like, communication subsystem QQ231 , power source QQ233, and/or any other component, or any combination thereof.
  • Storage medium QQ221 includes operating system QQ223, application program QQ225, and data QQ227. In other embodiments, storage medium QQ221 may include other similar types of information. Certain UEs may utilize all of the components shown in Figure 7, or only a subset of the components.
  • processing circuitry QQ201 may be configured to process computer instructions and data.
  • Processing circuitry QQ201 may be configured to implement any sequential state machine operative to execute machine instructions stored as machine- readable computer programs in the memory, such as one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., in discrete logic, FPGA, ASIC, etc.); programmable logic together with appropriate firmware; one or more stored program, general-purpose processors, such as a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP), together with appropriate software; or any combination of the above.
  • the processing circuitry QQ201 may include two central processing units (CPUs). Data may be information in a form suitable for use by a computer.
  • input/output interface QQ205 may be configured to provide a communication interface to an input device, output device, or input and output device.
  • UE QQ200 may be configured to use an output device via input/output interface QQ205.
  • An output device may use the same type of interface port as an input device.
  • a USB port may be used to provide input to and output from UE QQ200.
  • the output device may be a speaker, a sound card, a video card, a display, a monitor, a printer, an actuator, an emitter, a smartcard, another output device, or any combination thereof.
  • UE QQ200 may be configured to use an input device via input/output interface QQ205 to allow a user to capture information into UE QQ200.
  • the input device may include a touch-sensitive or presence-sensitive display, a camera (e.g., a digital camera, a digital video camera, a web camera, etc.), a microphone, a sensor, a mouse, a trackball, a directional pad, a trackpad, a scroll wheel, a smartcard, and the like.
  • the presence-sensitive display may include a capacitive or resistive touch sensor to sense input from a user.
  • a sensor may be, for instance, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a tilt sensor, a force sensor, a magnetometer, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor, another like sensor, or any combination thereof.
  • the input device may be an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a digital camera, a microphone, and an optical sensor.
  • RF interface QQ209 may be configured to provide a communication interface to RF components such as a transmitter, a receiver, and an antenna.
  • Network connection interface QQ211 may be configured to provide a communication interface to network QQ243a.
  • Network QQ243a may encompass wired and/or wireless networks such as a local-area network (LAN), a wide-area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another like network or any combination thereof.
  • network QQ243a may comprise a Wi-Fi network.
  • Network connection interface QQ21 1 may be configured to include a receiver and a transmitter interface used to communicate with one or more other devices over a communication network according to one or more communication protocols, such as Ethernet, TCP/IP, SONET, ATM, or the like.
  • Network connection interface QQ211 may implement receiver and transmitter functionality appropriate to the communication network links (e.g., optical, electrical, and the like). The transmitter and receiver functions may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively may be implemented separately.
  • RAM QQ217 may be configured to interface via bus QQ202 to processing circuitry QQ201 to provide storage or caching of data or computer instructions during the execution of software programs such as the operating system, application programs, and device drivers.
  • ROM QQ219 may be configured to provide computer instructions or data to processing circuitry QQ201.
  • ROM QQ219 may be configured to store invariant low-level system code or data for basic system functions such as basic input and output (I/O), startup, or reception of keystrokes from a keyboard that are stored in a non-volatile memory.
  • Storage medium QQ221 may be configured to include memory such as RAM, ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic disks, optical disks, floppy disks, hard disks, removable cartridges, or flash drives.
  • storage medium QQ221 may be configured to include operating system QQ223, application program QQ225 such as a web browser application, a widget or gadget engine or another application, and data file QQ227.
  • Storage medium QQ221 may store, for use by UE QQ200, any of a variety of various operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
  • Storage medium QQ221 may be configured to include a number of physical drive units, such as redundant array of independent disks (RAID), floppy disk drive, flash memory, USB flash drive, external hard disk drive, thumb drive, pen drive, key drive, high-density digital versatile disc (HD-DVD) optical disc drive, internal hard disk drive, Blu-Ray optical disc drive, holographic digital data storage (HDDS) optical disc drive, external mini-dual in-line memory module (DIMM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), external micro- DIMM SDRAM, smartcard memory such as a subscriber identity module or a removable user identity (SIM/RUIM) module, other memory, or any combination thereof.
  • RAID redundant array of independent disks
  • HD-DVD high-density digital versatile disc
  • HDDS holographic digital data storage
  • DIMM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SIM/RUIM removable user identity
  • Storage medium QQ221 may allow UE QQ200 to access computer-executable instructions, application programs or the like, stored on transitory or non-transitory memory media, to off-load data, or to upload data.
  • An article of manufacture, such as one utilizing a communication system may be tangibly embodied in storage medium QQ221 , which may comprise a device readable medium.
  • processing circuitry QQ201 may be configured to communicate with network QQ243b using communication subsystem QQ231.
  • Network QQ243a and network QQ243b may be the same network or networks or different network or networks.
  • Communication subsystem QQ231 may be configured to include one or more transceivers used to communicate with network QQ243b.
  • communication subsystem QQ231 may be configured to include one or more transceivers used to communicate with one or more remote transceivers of another device capable of wireless communication such as another WD, UE, or base station of a radio access network (RAN) according to one or more communication protocols, such as IEEE 802.1 1 , CDMA, WCDMA, GSM, LTE, UTRAN, WiMax, or the like.
  • Each transceiver may include transmitter QQ233 and/or receiver QQ235 to implement transmitter or receiver functionality, respectively, appropriate to the RAN links (e.g., frequency allocations and the like).
  • transmitter QQ233 and receiver QQ235 of each transceiver may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively may be implemented separately.
  • the communication functions of communication subsystem QQ231 may include data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communications such as Bluetooth, near-field communication, location-based communication such as the use of the global positioning system (GPS) to determine a location, another like communication function, or any combination thereof.
  • communication subsystem QQ231 may include cellular communication, Wi-Fi communication, Bluetooth communication, and GPS communication.
  • Network QQ243b may encompass wired and/or wireless networks such as a local-area network (LAN), a wide-area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another like network or any combination thereof.
  • network QQ243b may be a cellular network, a Wi-Fi network, and/or a near-field network.
  • Power source QQ213 may be configured to provide alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power to components of UE QQ200.
  • communication subsystem QQ231 may be configured to include any of the components described herein.
  • processing circuitry QQ201 may be configured to communicate with any of such components over bus QQ202.
  • any of such components may be represented by program instructions stored in memory that when executed by processing circuitry QQ201 perform the corresponding functions described herein.
  • the functionality of any of such components may be partitioned between processing circuitry QQ201 and communication subsystem QQ231.
  • the non-computationally intensive functions of any of such components may be implemented in software or firmware and the computationally intensive functions may be implemented in hardware.
  • FIG 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment QQ300 in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized.
  • virtualizing means creating virtual versions of apparatuses or devices which may include virtualizing hardware platforms, storage devices and networking resources.
  • virtualization can be applied to a node (e.g., a virtualized base station or a virtualized radio access node) or to a device (e.g., a UE, a wireless device or any other type of communication device) or components thereof and relates to an implementation in which at least a portion of the functionality is implemented as one or more virtual components (e.g., via one or more applications, components, functions, virtual machines or containers executing on one or more physical processing nodes in one or more networks).
  • a node e.g., a virtualized base station or a virtualized radio access node
  • a device e.g., a UE, a wireless device or any other type of communication device
  • some or all of the functions described herein may be implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in one or more virtual environments QQ300 hosted by one or more of hardware nodes QQ330. Further, in embodiments in which the virtual node is not a radio access node or does not require radio connectivity (e.g., a core network node), then the network node may be entirely virtualized.
  • the functions may be implemented by one or more applications QQ320 (which may alternatively be called software instances, virtual appliances, network functions, virtual nodes, virtual network functions, etc.) operative to implement some of the features, functions, and/or benefits of some of the embodiments disclosed herein.
  • Applications QQ320 are run in virtualization environment QQ300 which provides hardware QQ330 comprising processing circuitry QQ360 and memory QQ390.
  • Memory QQ390 contains instructions QQ395 executable by processing circuitry QQ360 whereby application QQ320 is operative to provide one or more of the features, benefits, and/or functions disclosed herein.
  • Virtualization environment QQ300 comprises general-purpose or special-purpose network hardware devices QQ330 comprising a set of one or more processors or processing circuitry QQ360, which may be commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) processors, dedicated Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or any other type of processing circuitry including digital or analog hardware components or special purpose processors.
  • Each hardware device may comprise memory QQ390-1 which may be non-persistent memory for temporarily storing instructions QQ395 or software executed by processing circuitry QQ360.
  • Each hardware device may comprise one or more network interface controllers (NICs) QQ370, also known as network interface cards, which include physical network interface QQ380.
  • NICs network interface controllers
  • Each hardware device may also include non-transitory, persistent, machine-readable storage media QQ390-2 having stored therein software QQ395 and/or instructions executable by processing circuitry QQ360.
  • Software QQ395 may include any type of software including software for instantiating one or more virtualization layers QQ350 (also referred to as hypervisors), software to execute virtual machines QQ340 as well as software allowing it to execute functions, features and/or benefits described in relation with some embodiments described herein.
  • Virtual machines QQ340 comprise virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual networking or interface and virtual storage, and may be run by a corresponding virtualization layer QQ350 or hypervisor. Different embodiments of the instance of virtual appliance QQ320 may be implemented on one or more of virtual machines QQ340, and the implementations may be made in different ways.
  • processing circuitry QQ360 executes software QQ395 to instantiate the hypervisor or virtualization layer QQ350, which may sometimes be referred to as a virtual machine monitor (VMM).
  • Virtualization layer QQ350 may present a virtual operating platform that appears like networking hardware to virtual machine QQ340.
  • hardware QQ330 may be a standalone network node with generic or specific components. Hardware QQ330 may comprise antenna QQ3225 and may implement some functions via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware QQ330 may be part of a larger cluster of hardware (e.g. such as in a data center or customer premise equipment (CPE)) where many hardware nodes work together and are managed via management and orchestration (MANO) QQ3100, which, among others, oversees lifecycle management of applications QQ320.
  • CPE customer premise equipment
  • NFV network function virtualization
  • NFV may be used to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry standard high volume server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage, which can be located in data centers, and customer premise equipment.
  • virtual machine QQ340 may be a software implementation of a physical machine that runs programs as if they were executing on a physical, non-virtualized machine.
  • Each of virtual machines QQ340, and that part of hardware QQ330 that executes that virtual machine be it hardware dedicated to that virtual machine and/or hardware shared by that virtual machine with others of the virtual machines QQ340, forms a separate virtual network elements (VNE).
  • VNE virtual network elements
  • VNF Virtual Network Function
  • one or more radio units QQ3200 that each include one or more transmitters QQ3220 and one or more receivers QQ3210 may be coupled to one or more antennas QQ3225.
  • Radio units QQ3200 may communicate directly with hardware nodes QQ330 via one or more appropriate network interfaces and may be used in combination with the virtual components to provide a virtual node with radio capabilities, such as a radio access node or a base station.
  • control system QQ3230 which may alternatively be used for communication between the hardware nodes QQ330 and radio units QQ3200.
  • a communication system includes telecommunication network QQ410, such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, which comprises access network QQ41 1 , such as a radio access network, and core network QQ414.
  • Access network QQ411 comprises a plurality of base stations QQ412a, QQ412b, QQ412c, such as NBs, eNBs, gNBs or other types of wireless access points, each defining a corresponding coverage area QQ413a, QQ413b, QQ413c.
  • Each base station QQ412a, QQ412b, QQ412c is connectable to core network QQ414 over a wired or wireless connection QQ415.
  • a first UE QQ491 located in coverage area QQ413c is configured to wirelessly connect to, or be paged by, the corresponding base station QQ412c.
  • a second UE QQ492 in coverage area QQ413a is wirelessly connectable to the corresponding base station QQ412a. While a plurality of UEs QQ491 , QQ492 are illustrated in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to a situation where a sole UE is in the coverage area or where a sole UE is connecting to the corresponding base station QQ412.
  • Telecommunication network QQ410 is itself connected to host computer QQ430, which may be embodied in the hardware and/or software of a standalone server, a cloud- implemented server, a distributed server or as processing resources in a server farm.
  • Host computer QQ430 may be under the ownership or control of a service provider, or may be operated by the service provider or on behalf of the service provider.
  • Connections QQ421 and QQ422 between telecommunication network QQ410 and host computer QQ430 may extend directly from core network QQ414 to host computer QQ430 or may go via an optional intermediate network QQ420.
  • Intermediate network QQ420 may be one of, or a combination of more than one of, a public, private or hosted network; intermediate network QQ420, if any, may be a backbone network or the Internet; in particular, intermediate network QQ420 may comprise two or more sub-networks (not shown).
  • the communication system of Figure 9 as a whole enables connectivity between the connected UEs QQ491 , QQ492 and host computer QQ430.
  • the connectivity may be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection QQ450.
  • Host computer QQ430 and the connected UEs QQ491 , QQ492 are configured to communicate data and/or signaling via OTT connection QQ450, using access network QQ41 1 , core network QQ414, any intermediate network QQ420 and possible further infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries.
  • OTT connection QQ450 may be transparent in the sense that the participating communication devices through which OTT connection QQ450 passes are unaware of routing of uplink and downlink communications.
  • base station QQ412 may not or need not be informed about the past routing of an incoming downlink communication with data originating from host computer QQ430 to be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to a connected UE QQ491.
  • base station QQ412 need not be aware of the future routing of an outgoing uplink communication originating from the UE QQ491 towards the host computer QQ430.
  • host computer QQ510 comprises hardware QQ515 including communication interface QQ516 configured to set up and maintain a wired or wireless connection with an interface of a different communication device of communication system QQ500.
  • Host computer QQ510 further comprises processing circuitry QQ518, which may have storage and/or processing capabilities.
  • processing circuitry QQ518 may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions.
  • Host computer QQ510 further comprises software QQ511 , which is stored in or accessible by host computer QQ510 and executable by processing circuitry QQ518.
  • Software QQ511 includes host application QQ512.
  • Host application QQ512 may be operable to provide a service to a remote user, such as UE QQ530 connecting via OTT connection QQ550 terminating at UE QQ530 and host computer QQ510. In providing the service to the remote user, host application QQ512 may provide user data which is transmitted using OTT connection QQ550.
  • Communication system QQ500 further includes base station QQ520 provided in a telecommunication system and comprising hardware QQ525 enabling it to communicate with host computer QQ510 and with UE QQ530.
  • Hardware QQ525 may include communication interface QQ526 for setting up and maintaining a wired or wireless connection with an interface of a different communication device of communication system QQ500, as well as radio interface QQ527 for setting up and maintaining at least wireless connection QQ570 with UE QQ530 located in a coverage area (not shown in Figure 10) served by base station QQ520.
  • Communication interface QQ526 may be configured to facilitate connection QQ560 to host computer QQ510.
  • Connection QQ560 may be direct or it may pass through a core network (not shown in Figure 10) of the telecommunication system and/or through one or more intermediate networks outside the telecommunication system.
  • hardware QQ525 of base station QQ520 further includes processing circuitry QQ528, which may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions.
  • Base station QQ520 further has software QQ521 stored internally or accessible via an external connection.
  • Communication system QQ500 further includes UE QQ530 already referred to. Its hardware QQ535 may include radio interface QQ537 configured to set up and maintain wireless connection QQ570 with a base station serving a coverage area in which UE QQ530 is currently located. Hardware QQ535 of UE QQ530 further includes processing circuitry QQ538, which may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. UE QQ530 further comprises software QQ531 , which is stored in or accessible by UE QQ530 and executable by processing circuitry QQ538. Software QQ531 includes client application QQ532.
  • Client application QQ532 may be operable to provide a service to a human or non-human user via UE QQ530, with the support of host computer QQ510.
  • an executing host application QQ512 may communicate with the executing client application QQ532 via OTT connection QQ550 terminating at UE QQ530 and host computer QQ510.
  • client application QQ532 may receive request data from host application QQ512 and provide user data in response to the request data.
  • OTT connection QQ550 may transfer both the request data and the user data.
  • Client application QQ532 may interact with the user to generate the user data that it provides.
  • host computer QQ510, base station QQ520 and UE QQ530 illustrated in Figure 10 may be similar or identical to host computer QQ430, one of base stations QQ412a, QQ412b, QQ412c and one of UEs QQ491 , QQ492 of Figure 9, respectively.
  • the inner workings of these entities may be as shown in Figure 10 and independently, the surrounding network topology may be that of Figure 9.
  • OTT connection QQ550 has been drawn abstractly to illustrate the communication between host computer QQ510 and UE QQ530 via base station QQ520, without explicit reference to any intermediary devices and the precise routing of messages via these devices.
  • Network infrastructure may determine the routing, which it may be configured to hide from UE QQ530 or from the service provider operating host computer QQ510, or both. While OTT connection QQ550 is active, the network infrastructure may further take decisions by which it dynamically changes the routing (e.g., on the basis of load balancing consideration or reconfiguration of the network).
  • Wireless connection QQ570 between UE QQ530 and base station QQ520 is in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.
  • One or more of the various embodiments improve the performance of OTT services provided to UE QQ530 using OTT connection QQ550, in which wireless connection QQ570 forms the last segment. More precisely, the teachings of these embodiments may improve the signaling efficiency and thereby provide benefits such as improved battery life, improved network efficiency etc.
  • a measurement procedure may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rate, latency and other factors on which the one or more embodiments improve.
  • the measurement procedure and/or the network functionality for reconfiguring OTT connection QQ550 may be implemented in software QQ511 and hardware QQ515 of host computer QQ510 or in software QQ531 and hardware QQ535 of UE QQ530, or both.
  • sensors may be deployed in or in association with communication devices through which OTT connection QQ550 passes; the sensors may participate in the measurement procedure by supplying values of the monitored quantities exemplified above, or supplying values of other physical quantities from which software QQ51 1 , QQ531 may compute or estimate the monitored quantities.
  • the reconfiguring of OTT connection QQ550 may include message format, retransmission settings, preferred routing etc.; the reconfiguring need not affect base station QQ520, and it may be unknown or imperceptible to base station QQ520. Such procedures and functionalities may be known and practiced in the art.
  • measurements may involve proprietary UE signaling facilitating host computer QQ510’s measurements of throughput, propagation times, latency and the like.
  • the measurements may be implemented in that software QQ511 and QQ531 causes messages to be transmitted, in particular empty or‘dummy’ messages, using OTT connection QQ550 while it monitors propagation times, errors etc.
  • FIG. 1 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to Figure 11 will be included in this section.
  • the host computer provides user data.
  • substep QQ611 (which may be optional) of step QQ610, the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application.
  • step QQ620 the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE.
  • step QQ630 the base station transmits to the UE the user data which was carried in the transmission that the host computer initiated, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.
  • step QQ640 the UE executes a client application associated with the host application executed by the host computer.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to Figure 12 will be included in this section.
  • the host computer provides user data.
  • the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application.
  • the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE. The transmission may pass via the base station, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.
  • step QQ730 (which may be optional), the UE receives the user data carried in the transmission.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to Figure 13 will be included in this section.
  • step QQ810 the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionally or alternatively, in step QQ820, the UE provides user data.
  • substep QQ821 (which may be optional) of step QQ820, the UE provides the user data by executing a client application.
  • substep QQ811 (which may be optional) of step QQ810, the UE executes a client application which provides the user data in reaction to the received input data provided by the host computer. In providing the user data, the executed client application may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific manner in which the user data was provided, the UE initiates, in substep QQ830 (which may be optional), transmission of the user data to the host computer. In step QQ840 of the method, the host computer receives the user data transmitted from the UE, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure.
  • FIG 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment.
  • the communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to Figure 14 will be included in this section.
  • the base station receives user data from the UE.
  • the base station initiates transmission of the received user data to the host computer.
  • step QQ930 (which may be optional)
  • the host computer receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the base station.
  • Figure 15 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an apparatus WW00 in a wireless network (for example, the wireless network shown in Figure 6).
  • the apparatus may be implemented in a wireless device or network node (e.g., wireless device QQ110 or network node QQ160 shown in Figure 6).
  • Apparatus WW00 is operable to carry out the example method described with reference to Figure 4 and possibly any other processes or methods disclosed herein. It is also to be understood that the method of Figure 4 is not necessarily carried out solely by apparatus WW00. At least some operations of the method can be performed by one or more other entities.
  • Virtual Apparatus WW00 may comprise processing circuitry, which may include one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include digital signal processors (DSPs), special-purpose digital logic, and the like.
  • the processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or several types of memory such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory, cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc.
  • Program code stored in memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and/or data communications protocols as well as instructions for carrying out one or more of the techniques described herein, in several embodiments.
  • the processing circuitry may be used to cause receiver unit WW02, modifier unit WW04, and any other suitable units of apparatus WW00 to perform corresponding functions according one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Virtual apparatus WWOO may be configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell.
  • apparatus WWOO includes receiver unit WW02 and modifier unit WW04.
  • Receiver unit WW02 is configured to receive a message, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of a first configuration in the list of at least one configuration and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • Modifier unit WW04 is configured to modify the list of at least one configuration based on the modification of the list of the at least one configuration.
  • the term unit may have conventional meaning in the field of electronics, electrical devices and/or electronic devices and may include, for example, electrical and/or electronic circuitry, devices, modules, processors, memories, logic solid state and/or discrete devices, computer programs or instructions for carrying out respective tasks, procedures, computations, outputs, and/or displaying functions, and so on, as such as those that are described herein.
  • Examples of the present disclosure also include the below enumerated embodiments.
  • a method performed by a wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the method comprising:
  • the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of one configuration in the list of at least one configuration and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell
  • the parameter of the one configuration comprises a condition associated with the one configuration, a trigger event of the conditional mobility procedure associated with the one configuration and/or the potential target cell associated with the one configuration.
  • the condition comprises whether a signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the one configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold, and/or whether the signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the one configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • the method of embodiment 3 or 4 comprising, after receiving the message, stopping monitoring of the unmodified condition associated with the one configuration, and starting monitoring of the modified condition associated with the one configuration.
  • the method of embodiment 4 or 5 wherein the modification of the parameter comprises modification of the first threshold and/or the signal strength threshold.
  • modification of the one configuration in the list of at least one configuration comprises removal of the one configuration from the list of at least one configuration.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises addition of the additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with the additional conditional mobility procedure and the additional potential target cell.
  • the message identifies the potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or indicates an identification of the additional configuration.
  • the method of embodiment 11 comprising determining that the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or the identification of the additional configuration does not match the respective potential target cell and/or identification associated with each of the at least one configuration.
  • the additional condition comprises whether a signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold, and/or whether the signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • each of the at least one conditional mobility procedure associated with each of the at least one configuration comprises a handover to the respective potential target cell, a reconfiguration with sync to the respective potential target cell, or a resume procedure to the respective potential target cell associated with the conditional mobility procedure.
  • the resume procedure comprises an RRC Resume procedure.
  • a method performed by a base station comprising:
  • the wireless device configured with a list of at least one configuration, each of the at least one configuration associated with a respective conditional mobility procedure and a respective potential target cell, the message indicating a modification of the list of at least one configuration, wherein the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises modification of one configuration in the list of at least one configuration and/or addition of an additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with an additional conditional mobility procedure and an additional potential target cell.
  • the condition comprises whether a signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the one configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold, and/or whether the signal strength of the potential target cell associated with the one configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • the modification of the parameter comprises modification of the first threshold and/or the signal strength threshold.
  • modification of the one configuration in the list of at least one configuration comprises removal of the one configuration from the list of at least one configuration.
  • the modification of the list of the at least one configuration comprises addition of the additional configuration to the list of at least one configuration, the additional configuration associated with the additional conditional mobility procedure and the additional potential target cell.
  • the message identifies the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration and/or indicates an identification of the additional configuration.
  • the additional condition comprises whether a signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength of a serving cell of the wireless device by at least a first threshold, and/or whether the signal strength of the additional potential target cell associated with the additional configuration is greater than a signal strength threshold.
  • each of the at least one configuration comprises a handover to the respective potential target cell, a reconfiguration with sync to the respective potential target cell, or a resume procedure to the respective potential target cell associated with the configuration.
  • the method of embodiment 34, wherein the resume procedure comprises an RRC Resume procedure. 36.
  • the base station is associated with a serving cell of the wireless device.
  • a wireless device comprising:
  • - power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the wireless device.
  • a base station comprising:
  • - power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the base station.
  • a user equipment comprising:
  • radio front-end circuitry connected to the antenna and to processing circuitry, and configured to condition signals communicated between the antenna and the processing circuitry;
  • processing circuitry being configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A embodiments;
  • an input interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to allow input of information into the UE to be processed by the processing circuitry
  • an output interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to output information from the UE that has been processed by the processing circuitry; and - a battery connected to the processing circuitry and configured to supply power to the UE.
  • a communication system including a host computer comprising:
  • UE user equipment
  • the cellular network comprises a base station having a radio interface and processing circuitry, the base station’s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group B embodiments.
  • the communication system of the previous embodiment further including the base station.
  • the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing the user data
  • the UE comprises processing circuitry configured to execute a client
  • a user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a base station, the UE comprising a radio interface and processing circuitry configured to performs the of the previous 3 embodiments.
  • a communication system including a host computer comprising:
  • a communication interface configured to forward user data to a cellular
  • UE user equipment
  • the UE comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the UE’s components configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A embodiments.
  • the communication system of the previous embodiment wherein the cellular network further includes a base station configured to communicate with the UE.
  • the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing the user data
  • a communication system including a host computer comprising:
  • a - communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment (UE) to a base station
  • the UE comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the UE’s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A embodiments.
  • the communication system of the previous embodiment further including the UE.
  • the communication system of the previous 2 embodiments further including the base station, wherein the base station comprises a radio interface configured to communicate with the UE and a communication interface configured to forward to the host computer the user data carried by a transmission from the UE to the base station.
  • the communication system of the previous 3 embodiments wherein:
  • the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application
  • the UE’s processing circuitry is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data.
  • the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing request data; and - the UE’s processing circuitry is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data in response to the request data.
  • the host computer receiving user data transmitted to the base station from the UE, wherein the UE performs any of the steps of any of the Group A embodiments.
  • the method of the previous embodiment further comprising, at the UE, providing the user data to the base station.
  • the method of the previous 2 embodiments further comprising:
  • a communication system including a host computer comprising a communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment (UE) to a base station, wherein the base station comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the base station’s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group B embodiments.
  • the communication system of the previous embodiment further including the base station.
  • the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application
  • the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data to be received by the host computer.
  • the host computer receiving, from the base station, user data originating from a transmission which the base station has received from the UE, wherein the UE performs any of the steps of any of the Group A
  • the method of the previous embodiment further comprising at the base station, receiving the user data from the UE.
  • E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

Un exemple de l'invention concerne un procédé mis en œuvre par un dispositif sans fil. Le dispositif sans fil est configuré avec une liste d'une ou plusieurs configurations, chacune desdites configurations étant associée à une procédure de mobilité conditionnelle respective et à une cellule cible potentielle respective. Le procédé consiste à recevoir un message, le message indiquant une modification de la liste d'au moins une configuration, la modification de la liste comprenant la modification d'une première configuration dans la liste et/ou l'ajout d'une configuration supplémentaire à la liste, la configuration supplémentaire étant associée à une procédure de mobilité conditionnelle supplémentaire et à une cellule cible potentielle supplémentaire. Le procédé consiste également à modifier la liste d'au moins une configuration en fonction de la modification de la liste desdites configurations.
PCT/SE2019/051296 2019-01-25 2019-12-17 Configuration de procédure de mobilité conditionnelle WO2020153884A1 (fr)

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