WO2020147172A1 - 5g mimo 天线系统及手持设备 - Google Patents

5g mimo 天线系统及手持设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147172A1
WO2020147172A1 PCT/CN2019/076806 CN2019076806W WO2020147172A1 WO 2020147172 A1 WO2020147172 A1 WO 2020147172A1 CN 2019076806 W CN2019076806 W CN 2019076806W WO 2020147172 A1 WO2020147172 A1 WO 2020147172A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
antenna
mimo
antenna system
mimo antenna
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PCT/CN2019/076806
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵安平
任周游
Original Assignee
深圳市信维通信股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司
Priority to US16/462,030 priority Critical patent/US10804602B2/en
Publication of WO2020147172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147172A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a 5G MIMO antenna system and a handheld device.
  • the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system will be commercialized in 2020.
  • the 5G wireless communication system will use the following two different main frequency bands: millimeter wave frequency bands below 6GHz and above 6GHz. Due to the advantages of simple operability and mature technology below 6GHz, 5G systems below 6GHz will be used first.
  • the number of MIMO antennas on the handheld device side must be about 8, that is, an 8x8 MIMO antenna system will be adopted. Due to the limited space of handheld devices such as mobile phones, how to design a small-sized antenna will be a challenge in the design of MIMO antenna systems.
  • Another challenge facing MIMO antenna systems is how to design a wide-band antenna that can cover the wider 5G Sub-6GHz frequency band.
  • how to obtain a MIMO antenna system with better isolation (for example, better than 15dB) while meeting the above-mentioned small size and wide frequency will also be another challenge in MIMO antenna design.
  • 3GPP has just announced that 3.3-4.2GHz (that is, frequency band N77) will be one of the main frequency bands of 5G.
  • countries can select the specific 5G frequency bands to be used in the above frequency bands according to their specific circumstances.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 5G MIMO antenna system and handheld device with small size, high isolation and wide frequency.
  • a 5G MIMO antenna system includes at least four antenna units arranged at intervals, and the antenna unit includes a first branch and a second branch;
  • the first branch has an inverted U-shaped structure, and both ends of the opening of the first branch are grounded respectively;
  • the second branch is located in an area enclosed by the first branch, the second branch is a single-stage antenna branch, and an end of the second branch close to the opening of the first branch is provided with a feeding point.
  • a handheld device includes the above-mentioned 5G MIMO antenna system.
  • the U-shaped bottom antenna part is used as a self-isolating radiator branch.
  • the two ends of the self-isolating radiator branch respectively extend grounding branches for grounding.
  • the above two parts constitute the first Branch
  • the second branch is located in the middle of the entire antenna unit and is provided with a feeding point, which serves as a feeding branch to feed the antenna.
  • the second branch will also generate a resonance of the antenna unit , By adjusting the length of the feed branch of the antenna unit and the size of the self-isolated radiator branch coupled with it will be able to produce 5G An antenna system that can cover the entire N77 frequency band in the MIMO antenna system;
  • the advantages of the self-isolated antenna with the patent number CN207677073U are first inherited, so it has better isolation.
  • the self-isolated radiator branch and the feed branch respectively generate a resonance, which constitutes the antenna unit. Two resonances, so it can well cover the entire N77 frequency band.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a 5G MIMO antenna system in a 5G mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of a 5G MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit of a 5G MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an S-parameter diagram of a 5G MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5 is a graph of the radiation efficiency of the antenna of the 5G MIMO antenna system and the total antenna efficiency as a function of frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of channel capacity with frequency of the 5G MIMO antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna unit of a 5G MIMO antenna system at a resonance frequency of 3.4 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna unit of a 5G MIMO antenna system at a resonance frequency of 4.1 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the most critical idea of the present invention is that the self-isolating radiator branch and the feed branch are designed, which can cover the entire N77 frequency band through two resonances while having good isolation.
  • a 5G MIMO antenna system includes at least four antenna units 10 arranged at intervals, and the antenna unit 10 includes a first branch 11 and a second branch 12;
  • the first branch 11 has an inverted U-shaped structure, and both ends of the opening of the first branch 11 are grounded respectively;
  • the second branch 12 is located in the area enclosed by the first branch 11, the second branch 12 is a single-stage antenna branch, and an end of the second branch 12 close to the opening of the first branch 11 is provided with a feeding point 1 .
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that there are two parts on the inverted U-shaped first branch, the U-shaped bottom antenna part serves as a self-isolated radiator branch, and the two ends of the isolated radiator branch respectively extend to the ground
  • the branch is used for grounding, and the above two parts form the first branch;
  • the second branch is located in the middle of the entire antenna unit and is provided with a feeding point, which serves as a feeding branch to feed the antenna.
  • the second branch will also generate a resonance of the antenna unit , By adjusting the length of the feed branch of the antenna unit and the size of the self-isolated radiator branch coupled with it will be able to produce 5G An antenna system that can cover the entire N77 frequency band in the MIMO antenna system;
  • the advantages of the self-isolated antenna with the patent number CN207677073U are first inherited, so it has better isolation.
  • the self-isolated radiator branch and the feed branch respectively generate a resonance, which constitutes the antenna unit. Two resonances, so it can well cover the entire N77 frequency band.
  • first branch 11 is provided with a symmetrical third branch 13 and a fourth branch 14, and one ends of the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are respectively connected to the bottom of the first branch 11, so The other ends of the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 respectively extend toward the opening of the first branch 11, and the second branch 12 is located between the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14.
  • the size of the antenna unit can be further reduced by providing the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14.
  • the longitudinal section of the antenna holder 20 is an inverted L shape, and the first branch 11,
  • the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 straddle the top wall and the side wall of the antenna support 20 respectively, and the second branch 12 is located on the side wall of the antenna support 20.
  • the antenna support 20 supports the antenna unit, and the first branch 11, the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 respectively straddle the top wall and the side wall of the antenna support 20, thus self-isolating the radiator
  • the branch is located on the top wall of the antenna support 20.
  • the ground branch is bent along the antenna support 20 and connected to the metal floor to form two ground points 15.
  • the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are also bent, by setting an inverted L-shaped antenna support 20 can further reduce the height of the antenna unit along the vertical direction of the substrate 20.
  • the antenna holder 20 also includes at least two antenna holders 20, each of which is provided with at least two antenna units 10, the longitudinal section of the antenna holder 20 is a straight line perpendicular to the substrate, and the first The branch 11, the second branch 12, the third branch 13, and the fourth branch 14 are respectively arranged on the side of the antenna support 20.
  • the material of the antenna support 20 is plastic, and the antenna unit 10 is an FPC antenna.
  • the material of the antenna support 20 is an LDS material
  • the antenna unit 10 is an LDS antenna
  • At least two antenna supports 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the predetermined substrate 30.
  • the antenna support 20 and at least two antenna units 10 are provided on the left and right sides of the substrate 30 respectively.
  • the bottom of the first branch 11 is provided with a notch, and the parts of the first branch 11 on both sides of the notch are symmetrically arranged.
  • the gap can be used as a tiny gap to fine-tune the resonant frequency of the antenna.
  • a handheld device includes the above-mentioned 5G MIMO antenna system.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention is:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna layout of the 5G 8x8 MIMO antenna system in the future 5G mobile phone, where the size of the PCB board as the substrate 30 is 150mm x 75mmx 0.8mm. Because the widely used 4G LTE communication system (and other antennas such as GPS and WiFi, etc.) will coexist with 5G communication systems, and the existing antenna systems have been placed on the upper and lower ends of the mobile phone. Therefore, 5G The best place to place the MIMO antenna system in the phone will be on the left and right sides of the phone.
  • the 5G MIMO antenna system in this solution includes four antenna supports 20 placed on each of the left and right sides of the handheld device and antenna units 10 provided on the antenna supports 20.
  • the longitudinal section of the antenna supports 20 is inverted L-shaped;
  • antenna units there are eight antenna units in this specific embodiment, which are respectively denoted as antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3, antenna 4, antenna 5, antenna 6, antenna 7 and antenna 8 in sequence;
  • the material of the antenna support 20 may be plastic or LDS material.
  • the radiator of the antenna can be an FPC antenna in the form of an FPC soft plate; when LDS material is used as the support, the radiator of the antenna will be an LDS antenna made by LDS processing technology;
  • the antenna unit of the present invention includes a first branch 11, a second branch 12, a third branch 13 and a fourth branch 14;
  • the first branch 11 has an inverted U-shaped structure, the U-shaped bottom antenna part is used as a self-isolated radiator branch, and two ends of the self-isolated radiator branch respectively extend ground branches to ground, and the above two parts form the first branch 11;
  • the second branch 12 is a monopole antenna branch provided with a feeding point 121, which may be linear or curved;
  • One ends of the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are respectively connected to the self-isolating radiator branch, and the other end extends toward the opening of the first branch 11.
  • the purpose of providing the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 is to serve as an additional branch. To reduce the size of the branch of the self-isolated radiator;
  • the first branch 11, the second branch 12, the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14 are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the antenna support 20, wherein the self-isolating radiator of the first branch 11 is branched on the top wall of the antenna support 20
  • the second branch 12 is arranged on the side wall of the antenna support 20 and is located between the third branch 13 and the fourth branch 14.
  • the second branch 12 feeds the antenna unit. In addition to the function of feeding the antenna unit, this single-stage antenna will also generate a resonance of the antenna unit;
  • the shape of the longitudinal section of the antenna support 20 may also be linear.
  • the antenna unit 10 is arranged on the side of the antenna support 20 facing outward. Compared with the inverted L-shaped antenna support 20, the linear The antenna support 20 needs a higher height;
  • the four antenna units 10 on the left side of the substrate 30 and the four antenna units 10 on the right side are respectively arranged on two antenna supports 20, so there are two antenna supports 20, each on each side
  • the antenna units 10 may also be respectively arranged on an antenna support 20, and the antenna supports 20 on each side are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the substrate 30;
  • the length of the antenna that is, the distance between the two ground points 15 on the first branch 11 of the antenna, is described by L.
  • 5G can be produced by adjusting the length of the antenna's feed branch and the size of the self-isolated radiator branch coupled to it, as well as the position and length of the additional branch.
  • An antenna system that can cover the entire N77 frequency band in the MIMO antenna system.
  • each antenna unit needs to produce two different resonances.
  • the single-stage branch used for feeding will generate one resonance, and the self-isolated radiator branch will generate another resonance.
  • Figure 4 is an S-parameter diagram of the antenna system. Since the MIMO antenna system has left and right symmetry centered on the PCB board, only the results of the necessary antenna elements are shown in the above figure. It can be seen from the S11 and S22 curves in Fig. 4 that the antenna system has two resonances: a resonant frequency generated by the self-isolating radiator branch at around 3.4GHz; a resonant frequency generated by the feed branch at Resonance around 4.1GHz. Due to the existence of these two resonances, the antenna system of this case can well cover the entire N77 (3.3-4.2 GHz) frequency band. At the same time, the isolation between the antennas is close to about 15dB, which can well meet the design requirements of the MIMO antenna system.
  • Figure 5 shows the radiation efficiency of the antenna and the total antenna efficiency versus frequency. It can be seen from Figure 5 that in the range of 3.3-4.2 GHz, the total efficiency of the antenna is better than 56%.
  • Figure 6 shows the channel capacity of the 8x8 antenna system versus frequency.
  • the dotted line is the channel capacity curve of an ideal 8x8 MIMO antenna system.
  • the actual channel capacity of the antenna system is greater than 32bps/Hz in the entire N77 frequency band.
  • the antenna indicators given in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 can fully meet the requirements for 5G 8x8 MIMO antenna systems below 6 GHz for use in mobile phones.
  • Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show the antenna current distribution diagrams of one of the antenna elements at two different resonance frequency bands.
  • Fig. 7 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna unit at its first resonant frequency of 3.4 GHz
  • Fig. 8 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna unit at its second resonant frequency of 4.1 GHz.
  • the maximum intensity of the current distribution at the resonance frequency of 4.1 GHz is concentrated on the single-stage feed antenna branch of its feed unit, which means that the resonance is generated by this antenna branch. Since this antenna feed unit is a single-stage antenna, the overall length of the antenna branch is about a quarter wavelength of its resonance frequency. It can be seen from Fig.
  • the current distribution is mainly concentrated on the self-isolated antenna branch of the antenna. Therefore, it can be said that the resonance of 3.4 GHz is generated by the self-isolated radiator branch of the antenna.
  • the self-isolated radiator branch is fed by the feeding unit branch, there is still relatively strong current distributed on the feeding branch.
  • a gap can also be opened in the middle of the branch of the self-isolating radiator, that is, a tiny gap to fine-tune the resonant frequency of the antenna, but the left-right symmetry of the antenna still needs to be retained.
  • the single-stage branch of the feed can be the currently used linear curved type or the curved curved type, but its overall length must meet the condition of about a quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency it generates.
  • this case only analyzes and describes the 5G 8x8 MIMO operating in the N77 frequency band below 6GHz, but the antenna design principle of this case can also be extended to other 5G working frequency bands and other mxn (m and n are integers greater than 2. ) In MIMO antenna system. At the same time, any deformation related to the antenna described in this case will fall within the scope of protection of this case.
  • the present invention provides a 5G MIMO antenna system and handheld device with small size, high isolation, and broadband.
  • the U-shaped bottom antenna part is used as a self-isolating radiator branch.
  • the two ends of the self-isolating radiator branch respectively extend grounding branches for grounding.
  • the above two parts constitute the first Branch
  • the second branch is located in the middle of the entire antenna unit and is provided with a feeding point, which serves as a feeding branch to feed the antenna.
  • the second branch will also generate a resonance of the antenna unit , By adjusting the length of the feed branch of the antenna unit and the size of the self-isolated radiator branch coupled with it will be able to produce 5G An antenna system that can cover the entire N77 frequency band in the MIMO antenna system;
  • the advantages of the self-isolated antenna with the patent number CN207677073U are first inherited, so it has better isolation.
  • the self-isolated radiator branch and the feed branch respectively generate a resonance, which constitutes the antenna unit. Two resonances, so it can well cover the entire N77 frequency band.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种5G MIMO天线系统，包括至少四个的间隔设置的天线单元，所述天线单元包括第一分支和第二分支；所述第一分支为倒U形结构，所述第一分支的开口的两端分别接地；所述第二分支位于第一分支围成的区域内，所述第二分支为单级天线分支，所述第二分支靠近第一分支的开口的一端设有馈电点。所述第一分支和第二分支各产生一个谐振，使得所述5G天线系统具有宽频的特性。同时所述5G MIMO天线系统具有尺寸小、隔离度高且宽频的特点。

Description

5G MIMO天线系统及手持设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，特别涉及一种5G MIMO天线系统及手持设备。
 背景技术
随着无线通信技术的快速发展，第五代（5G）无线通信系统将在2020年商业化。5G无线通信系统将使用下面两个不同的主要频段：6GHz以下和6GHz以上的毫米波频段。由于6GHz以下具有的可操作性简单和技术成熟的优点，所以6GHz以下的5G系统将被优先使用。为了达到5G传输速率的要求，在手持设备端MIMO天线的个数要在8个左右，也即8x8的MIMO天线系统将被采用。由于手持设备比如手机的空间有限，因此如何设计出小尺寸的天线将是MIMO天线系统设计中要面临的一个挑战。
MIMO 天线系统中面临的另外一个挑战是如何设计出宽频的天线使其能够覆盖更宽的5G Sub-6GHz频段。此外，在满足上述小尺寸和宽频的情况下，如何得到较好的隔离度（比如优于15dB）的MIMO天线系统也将是MIMO 天线设计中面临的另外一个挑战。从sub-6GHz需要覆盖的频率范围方面讲，3GPP刚刚公布了3.3-4.2GHz（也即频段N77)将作为5G的一个主要频段之一。各国可以根据具体情况在上述频段中选取各自要使用的具体5G频段，比如，韩国将使用3.4-3.6GHz频段，日本将使用3.6-4.2GHz频段，欧盟将使用3.4-3.8GHz频段。到目前为止，虽然存在很多8x8 MIMO的天线设计，大多数都是只能覆盖一个或两个5G的频段。
比如，在中国实用新型专利“5G MIMO天线系统及手持设备”（专利号：CN207677073U）中，只考虑了3.4-3.6GHz频率段的MIMO天线系统。因此，为了实现在各个国家之间的5G漫游，有必要设计出一种能覆盖整个N77频段的MIMO天线系统。再有，如上所述，MIMO天线系统面临的另外一个问题是如何减少天线之间的隔离度。降低天线之间的隔离度的问题已经被广泛地研究和讨论过，比如通过在两个相邻天线之间加入隔离条、在系统的基板上开缝隙、使用隔离网络、以及在天线之间加入具有隔离效果的中和线等。无论使用上述哪种设计，都会增加天线的复杂程度和设计的难度，同时还会为后期的调试增加难度。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种尺寸小、隔离度高且宽频5G MIMO天线系统及手持设备。
 技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种5G MIMO天线系统，包括至少四个的间隔设置的天线单元，所述天线单元包括第一分支和第二分支；
所述第一分支为倒U形结构，所述第一分支的开口的两端分别接地；
所述第二分支位于第一分支围成的区域内，所述第二分支为单级天线分支，所述第二分支靠近第一分支的开口的一端设有馈电点。
本发明采用的另一个技术方案为：
一种手持设备，包括上述的5G MIMO天线系统。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于：
倒U形的第一分支上有两个部分，U形的底部天线部分作为自隔离辐射体分支，自隔离辐射体分支的两端分别伸出接地分支用于接地，上述两个部分组成第一分支；
第二分支位于整个天线单元的中间位置且设有馈电点，作为馈电分支对天线进行馈电，第二分支除了起到对天线单元的馈电功能外，还将产生天线单元的一个谐振，通过调节天线单元的馈电分支的长度和与其耦合的自隔离辐射体分支的尺寸将能够产生5G MIMO天线系统中能够覆盖整个N77频段的天线系统；
在上述方案中，首先继承了专利号为CN207677073U的自隔离天线的优点，因此具有较好的隔离度，同时，又由于具有自隔离辐射体分支和馈电分支分别产生一个谐振，构成天线单元的两个谐振，因此可以很好的覆盖整个N77的频段。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统在5G手机中的布置示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的侧视图；
图3为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的天线单元的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的S-参数图；
图5为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的天线的辐射效率和天线总效率随频率变化的曲线图；
图6为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的通道容量随频率的变化曲线图；
图7为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的一个天线单元在谐振频率3.4GHz的电流分布图；
图8为本发明实施例的5G MIMO天线系统的一个天线单元在谐振频率4.1GHz的电流分布图；
标号说明：
10、天线单元；11、第一分支；12、第二分支；121、馈电点；13、第三分支；14、第四分支；15、接地点；
20、天线支架；
30、基板。
 本发明的实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图予以说明。
本发明最关键的构思在于：设计了自隔离辐射体分支和馈电分支，在拥有较好隔离度的同时通过两个谐振覆盖整个N77的频段。
请参照图1-8，一种5G MIMO天线系统，包括至少四个的间隔设置的天线单元10，所述天线单元10包括第一分支11和第二分支12；
所述第一分支11为倒U形结构，所述第一分支11的开口的两端分别接地；
所述第二分支12位于第一分支11围成的区域内，所述第二分支12为单级天线分支，所述第二分支12靠近第一分支11的开口的一端设有馈电点1。
从上述描述可知，本发明的有益效果在于：倒U形的第一分支上有两个部分，U形的底部天线部分作为自隔离辐射体分支，自隔离辐射体分支的两端分别伸出接地分支用于接地，上述两个部分组成第一分支；
第二分支位于整个天线单元的中间位置且设有馈电点，作为馈电分支对天线进行馈电，第二分支除了起到对天线单元的馈电功能外，还将产生天线单元的一个谐振，通过调节天线单元的馈电分支的长度和与其耦合的自隔离辐射体分支的尺寸将能够产生5G MIMO天线系统中能够覆盖整个N77频段的天线系统；
在上述方案中，首先继承了专利号为CN207677073U的自隔离天线的优点，因此具有较好的隔离度，同时，又由于具有自隔离辐射体分支和馈电分支分别产生一个谐振，构成天线单元的两个谐振，因此可以很好的覆盖整个N77的频段。
进一步的，所述第一分支11上分别设有对称设置的第三分支13和第四分支14，所述第三分支13与第四分支14的一端分别与第一分支11的底部相连，所述第三分支13与第四分支14的另一端分别朝第一分支11的开口延伸，所述第二分支12位于第三分支13与第四分支14之间。
由上述描述可知，通过设置第三分支13和第四分支14可以进一步减少天线单元的尺寸。
进一步的，还包括至少两个的天线支架20，所述天线支架20上分别设有至少两个的天线单元10，所述天线支架20的纵向截面为倒L形，所述第一分支11、第三分支13和第四分支14分别跨设于天线支架20的顶壁和侧壁上，所述第二分支12位于天线支架20的侧壁上。
由上述描述可知，天线支架20对天线单元起到支撑作用，第一分支11、第三分支13和第四分支14分别跨设于天线支架20的顶壁和侧壁上，因此自隔离辐射体分支位于天线支架20的顶壁上，接地分支沿天线支架20弯折与金属地板相连形成两个接地点15，第三分支13与第四分支14同样弯折，通过设置倒L形的天线支架20还可以进一步降低天线单元沿基板20竖直方向上的高度。
进一步的，还包括至少两个的天线支架20，所述天线支架20上分别设有至少两个的天线单元10，所述天线支架20的纵向截面为垂直于基板的直线形，所述第一分支11、第二分支12、第三分支13和第四分支14分别设于天线支架20的侧面上。
由上述描述可知，竖直设置的天线支架20同样适用于本方案中。
进一步的，所述天线支架20的材料为塑料，所述天线单元10为FPC天线。
进一步的，所述天线支架20的材料为LDS材料，所述天线单元10为LDS天线。
进一步的，至少两个的天线支架20对称设于预设的基板30的两侧。
由上述描述可知，5GMIMO天线的放置的最佳位置是在手机的左右两侧，因此在基板30的左右两侧分别设有天线支架20和至少两个的天线单元10。
进一步的，所述第一分支11的底部设有缺口，所述第一分支11位于缺口两侧的部分对称设置。
由上述描述可知，该缺口可以作为微小的缝隙以对天线的谐振频率进行微调。
本发明采用的另一个技术方案为：
一种手持设备，包括上述的5G MIMO天线系统。
请参照图1-8，本发明的实施例一为：
一种5G MIMO天线系统，
图1为5G 8x8 MIMO天线系统在未来5G手机中的天线布置图示意图，其中作为基板30的PCB板的尺寸为150mm x75mmx 0.8mm。因为目前被广泛使用的4G LTE通讯系统（以及其它天线如GPS和WiFi等）将和5G 通讯系统共存，而且现存的天线系统已经被放置在手机的上、下两端。因此，5G MIMO天线系统在手机中放置的最佳位置将是手机的左右两侧。
本方案中的5G MIMO天线系统包括放置在手持设备左右两侧各四个的天线支架20和设于天线支架20上的天线单元10，天线支架20的纵向截面为倒L形；
如图1所示，本具体实施例中共有八个天线单元，分别依次记作天线1、天线2、天线3、天线4、天线5、天线6、天线7和天线8；
天线支架20的材料可以是塑料也可以是LDS的材料。当使用塑料作为支架时，天线的辐射体可以是FPC软板形式的FPC天线；当使用LDS材料作为支架时，天线的辐射体将是采用LDS加工工艺制作的LDS天线；
由图2及图3可知，本发明的天线单元包括第一分支11、第二分支12、第三分支13和第四分支14；
所述第一分支11为倒U形结构，U形的底部天线部分作为自隔离辐射体分支，自隔离辐射体分支的两端分别伸出接地分支接地，上述两个部分组成第一分支11；
所述第二分支12为设有馈电点121的单级（monopole）天线分支，其可以是直线型的，也可以是弯曲型的；
所述第三分支13和第四分支14的一端分别与自隔离辐射体分支相连，另一端朝第一分支11的开口延伸，设置第三分支13和第四分支14的目的是作为额外分支进一步的减少自隔离辐射体分支的尺寸；
所述第一分支11、第二分支12、第三分支13和第四分支14分别设于天线支架20的外壁上，其中第一分支11的自隔离辐射体分支设于天线支架20的顶壁上，第二分支12设于天线支架20的侧壁上且位于第三分支13和第四分支14之间，第二分支12对天线单元进行馈电。这个单级天线除了起到对天线单元的馈电功能外，还将产生天线单元的一个谐振；
天线支架20的纵向截面的形状也可以是直线形的，当天线支架20为直线形时，天线单元10设于天线支架20朝外的一面上，与倒L形的天线支架20相比，直线形的天线支架20需要较高的高度；
在本具体实施例中，基板30左侧的四个天线单元10和右侧的四个天线单元10分别设在两个天线支架20上，因此有两个天线支架20，每一侧的每个天线单元10也可以分别设在一个天线支架20上，每一侧天线支架20沿基板30的轴向间隔排列；
天线的长度，也即天线第一分支11上的两个接地点15之间的距离，用L描述。通过调节天线的馈电分支的长度和与其耦合的自隔离辐射体分支的尺寸以及额外分支的位置和长度将能够产生5G MIMO天线系统中能够覆盖整个N77频段的天线系统。特别，因为N77频段所包含的频段带宽较宽，所以每个天线单元需要产生两个不同的谐振。在本案的设计中，用于馈电的单级分支将产生了一个谐振，自隔离辐射体分支将产生另外一个谐振。在L=18mm的情况下，我们对该8x8 MIMO天线进行了仿真，并得到如下结果。
图4为天线系统S-参数图。由于MIMO天线系统具有以PCB板为中心的左右对称性，所以上述图中只给出了必要天线单元的结果。从图4中的S11和S22曲线中可以看出，该天线系统具有两个谐振：一个由自隔离辐射体分支产生的谐振频率在3.4GHz左右的谐振；一个由馈电分支产生的谐振频率在4.1GHz左右的谐振。由于这两个谐振的存在使得本案的天线系统可以很好地覆盖整个N77（3.3-4.2GHz）的频段。同时天线之间的隔离度均接近15dB左右，可以很好地满足MIMO天线系统的设计要求。
图5为天线的辐射效率和天线总效率随频率变化的曲线。从图5中可以看出，在3.3-4.2GHz范围内，天线的总效率均好于56%。
图6给出了该8x8天线系统的通道容量随频率的变化曲线，其中虚线为理想8x8MIMO天线系统的通道容量曲线，在整个N77频率段上天线系统的实际通道容量均大于32bps/Hz。图4图5和图6中给出的天线指标完全可以满足6GHz以下的5G 8x8 MIMO 天线系统在手机中使用的要求。
为了更好地解释该天线系统的工作原理，图7和图8给出了其中一个天线单元在其两个不同谐振频段下的天线电流分布图。特别，图7中给出的是该天线单元在其第一个谐振频率3.4GHz的电流分布图；图8中给出的是该天线单元在其第二个谐振频率4.1GHz的电流分布图。从图8中可以清晰地看出在4.1GHz的谐振频率下电流分布的最大强度集中在其馈电单元的单级馈电天线分支上，这也就是说该谐振是由这个天线分支产生。由于这个天线馈电单元为单级天线，所以该天线分支的整体长度为其谐振频率的四分之一波长左右。从图7中可以看出，在3.4GHz的谐振频率下电流分布的主要集中在天线的自隔离的天线分支上，因此，可以说3.4GHz这个谐振是由天线的自隔离辐射体分支产生的。但是由于该自隔离辐射体分支是由馈电单元分支进行的馈电，所以还有相对较强的电流分布在馈电分支上。
作为本案天线设计的扩展，也可以在自隔离辐射体分支的中间开一个缺口，即微小的缝隙以对天线的谐振频率进行微调，但是天线左右对称的特性仍然需要保留。馈电的单级分支可以是目前采用的直线式的弯型，也可以是曲线式的弯型，但是其整体长度要满足其所产生谐振频率的四分之一波长左右的条件。此外，本案只对6GHz以下的工作在N77频段的5G 8x8 MIMO进行了分析和描述，但是本案的天线设计原理也可以扩展到其它的5G工作频段以及其它的mxn (m和n 为大于2的整数) MIMO天线系统中。同时，任何对本案描述的天线相关的变形都将在本案的保护范围之内。
综上所述，本发明提供了一种尺寸小、隔离度高且宽频5G MIMO天线系统及手持设备。倒U形的第一分支上有两个部分，U形的底部天线部分作为自隔离辐射体分支，自隔离辐射体分支的两端分别伸出接地分支用于接地，上述两个部分组成第一分支；
第二分支位于整个天线单元的中间位置且设有馈电点，作为馈电分支对天线进行馈电，第二分支除了起到对天线单元的馈电功能外，还将产生天线单元的一个谐振，通过调节天线单元的馈电分支的长度和与其耦合的自隔离辐射体分支的尺寸将能够产生5G MIMO天线系统中能够覆盖整个N77频段的天线系统；
在上述方案中，首先继承了专利号为CN207677073U的自隔离天线的优点，因此具有较好的隔离度，同时，又由于具有自隔离辐射体分支和馈电分支分别产生一个谐振，构成天线单元的两个谐振，因此可以很好的覆盖整个N77的频段。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等同变换，或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种5G MIMO天线系统，包括至少四个的间隔设置的天线单元，其特征在于，所述天线单元包括第一分支和第二分支；
    所述第一分支为倒U形结构，所述第一分支的开口的两端分别接地；
    所述第二分支位于第一分支围成的区域内，所述第二分支为单级天线分支，所述第二分支靠近第一分支的开口的一端设有馈电点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一分支上分别设有对称设置的第三分支和第四分支，所述第三分支与第四分支的一端分别与第一分支的底部相连，所述第三分支与第四分支的另一端分别朝第一分支的开口延伸，所述第二分支位于第三分支与第四分支之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，还包括至少两个的天线支架，所述天线支架上分别设有至少两个的天线单元，所述天线支架的纵向截面为倒L形，所述第一分支、第三分支和第四分支分别跨设于天线支架的顶壁和侧壁上，所述第二分支位于天线支架的侧壁上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，还包括至少两个的天线支架，所述天线支架上分别设有至少两个的天线单元，所述天线支架的纵向截面为直线形，所述第一分支、第二分支、第三分支和第四分支分别设于天线支架的侧面上。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，所述天线支架的材料为塑料，所述天线单元为FPC天线。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，所述天线支架的材料为LDS材料，所述天线单元为LDS天线。
  7. 根据权利要求3或4所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，至少两个的天线支架对称设于预设的基板的两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的5G MIMO天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一分支的底部设有缺口，所述第一分支位于缺口两侧的部分对称设置。
  9. 一种手持设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-4任意一项所述的5G MIMO天线系统。
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