WO2020147066A1 - 一种骨骼钻头及基座安装方法 - Google Patents

一种骨骼钻头及基座安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147066A1
WO2020147066A1 PCT/CN2019/072162 CN2019072162W WO2020147066A1 WO 2020147066 A1 WO2020147066 A1 WO 2020147066A1 CN 2019072162 W CN2019072162 W CN 2019072162W WO 2020147066 A1 WO2020147066 A1 WO 2020147066A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
milling
base
positioning boss
bone
mounting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/072162
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
项威
王浩
汪郁卉
徐勇
李午阳
Original Assignee
深圳市擎源医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市擎源医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市擎源医疗器械有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/072162 priority Critical patent/WO2020147066A1/zh
Publication of WO2020147066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147066A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically, to a bone drill bit and a base installation method.
  • DBS Deep Brain Stimulation
  • brain pacemaker surgery has developed into a commonly used destructive surgery in traditional brain stereotactic functional surgery in the past 20 years Alternative method.
  • DBS technology uses brain stereotactic technology to implant electrodes in specific nerve nuclei in the brain, inhibit abnormal neurons and their fibers through high-frequency electrical stimulation, reduce the patient's neuron overexcited state, and make the inner nerve environment tend to Normal and stable, and then achieve the purpose of curing diseases.
  • the DBS electrode lead is fixed on the base by stimloc (electrode locking device), and the base is fixed on the surface of the skull.
  • stimloc electrode locking device
  • the base is fixed on the surface of the skull.
  • the base is fixed, there are obvious gaps between the skull and the base, which is easy to deform the base. Long-term deformation stress can easily cause the base to shift and affect the stimloc. Fix, make the electrode wire fixation failure.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a bone drill to solve the technical problem that the existing base is fixed on the surface of the bone with a gap and the base is easily deformed.
  • the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention are: provide a bone drill for milling the mounting surface of the mounting base on the bone, the bone drill including a positioning component and a milling component; [0006 ]
  • the positioning assembly includes a positioning boss, which is configured to be installed in a pre-opened mounting hole of the bone;
  • the milling assembly includes a milling knife edge and a clamping portion, the clamping portion is connected with the milling knife edge, and the milling knife edge is connected with the positioning boss;
  • the clamping portion is used to connect with an external power device, and under the action of the external power device to drive the The rotation of the milling cutter;
  • the milling knife edge is used to mill the mounting surface around the mounting hole.
  • An object of the embodiments of the present invention is also to provide a base installation method, including:
  • the base is fixed to the mounting surface.
  • the bone drill bit can mill a mounting surface around the mounting hole, the shape of the mounting surface is adapted to the shape of the bottom surface of the DBS base, and therefore can be compatible with the bottom surface of the DBS base Completely fit, there is no gap between the two, and the fixing effect is better.
  • the DBS base By milling the mounting surface on the skull, the DBS base will not cause the scalp to bulge after installation, so it will not increase the local tension of the scalp, which is conducive to the healing of the incision. At the same time, it will not affect the appearance of the patient's head, which is beneficial to enhance the patient's confidence in treatment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DBS base installed on a skeletal drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention after making the mounting surface
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a DBS base installed on a skeletal drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention after making the mounting surface;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a DBS base installed on a skeletal drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention after the mounting surface is fabricated;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first bone drill provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first bone drill provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second skeletal drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third bone drill provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a third skeletal drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a milling component in a third bone drill provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth skeletal drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fourth bone drill provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram 1 of the implementation process of the base installation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of the implementation process of the pedestal installation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bone drill 10 for milling the mounting surface 21 of the mounting base 30 on the bone 20.
  • the bone drill 10 includes a positioning component 11 and a milling component 12.
  • the positioning assembly 11 includes a positioning boss 111, and the positioning boss 111 is used to be set in a mounting hole 22 pre-opened by the bone.
  • the milling assembly 12 includes a milling knife edge 121 and a clamping portion 122.
  • the clamping portion 122 is connected to the milling knife edge 121, and the milling knife edge 121 is connected to the positioning boss 111; wherein the clamping portion 122 is used to connect to an external power device and is external
  • the power device drives the milling knife edge 121 to rotate; the milling knife edge 121 is used to mill the mounting surface 21 around the mounting hole 22.
  • the base 30 is a deep brain stimulation base (DBS base for short), and the bone drill 10 is used for milling the mounting surface 21 on the skull 20.
  • DBS base deep brain stimulation base
  • the bone drill 10 is used for milling the mounting surface 21 on the skull 20.
  • DBS base 30 firstly use a common drill to open a mounting hole 22 at the preset position of the skull 20, and then use a bone drill 10 to mill the mounting surface 21 around the mounting hole 22, and then fix the DBS base 30 On the mounting surface 21.
  • the positioning boss 111 of the bone drill 10 is first received in the mounting hole 22, so as to perform positioning and fixing; then the external power device is connected to the clamping portion 122 of the milling assembly 12, The external power device operates to drive the clamping portion 122 connected to it to rotate, and the clamping portion 122 drives the milling cutter edge 121 connected to it to rotate, so that the milling cutter edge 121 can mill the skull.
  • the milling blade 121 rotates with, while the positioning boss 111 relative to the mounting hole 22 is also rotated, thereby driving the blade attached thereto milling 121 surrounding the periphery of the mounting hole 22- milling, mounting surface 21 is obtained.
  • the holding part 122 may be a standard chuck for a general skull drill.
  • the bones may also be other parts of the bones, and are not limited to the skull; the base 30 may also be of other types, which is not limited here.
  • the DBS base 30 is usually directly fixed on the surface of the skull 20.
  • this method has at least the following risks and defects:
  • the BS base 30 is displaced, resulting in failure of the fixing of the DBS electrode wire.
  • the fixing method of the S base easily leads to obvious scalp bulge and high local tension of the scalp, which affects the healing of the incision.
  • This embodiment proposes a brand new solution, which has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the bone drill 10 can mill a mounting surface 21 around the mounting hole 22, and the shape of the mounting surface 21 is adapted to the shape of the bottom surface of the DBS base 30, so It is completely attached to the bottom surface of the D BS base 30, there is no gap between the two, and the fixing effect is better.
  • the S base 30 will not be deformed, which facilitates the fixation of the subsequent electrode locking device, thereby improving the stability of the DBS electrode wire.
  • the S base 30 will not be displaced either, ensuring that the DBS electrode wire is fixed for a long time.
  • the DBS base 30 By milling the mounting surface 21 on the skull 20, the DBS base 30 will not cause the scalp to bulge after installation, and therefore will not increase the local tension of the scalp, which is beneficial to the healing of the incision. At the same time, it will not affect the appearance of the patient's head, which is beneficial to enhance the patient's confidence in treatment. [0060] (5) Since the DBS base 30 will not cause scalp swelling after installation, the DBS base 3 is
  • the milling cutter edge 121 includes a first base plate 1211 and a plurality of first blades 1212, the clamping portion 122 and the positioning boss 111 are respectively provided on the first base plate 1211 Opposite surfaces on both sides.
  • the opposite sides of the first bottom plate 1211 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the first bottom plate and the lower surface of the first bottom plate, wherein the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the first bottom plate, and the positioning boss 111 is located on the first The middle of the bottom surface of the bottom plate.
  • a plurality of first blades 1212 are provided on the lower surface of the first bottom plate, and the first blades 1 212 extend from the side wall of the positioning boss 111 to the edge of the first bottom plate 1211.
  • the thickness of the positioning boss 111 should be greater than the thickness of the first blade 1212, so that the positioning boss 111 protrudes outward relative to the first blade 1212, and is milling At this time, the protruding part of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22, and the first blade 1212 is in contact with the skull around the mounting hole 22, so that the skull around the mounting hole 22 can be milled.
  • the number of the first blades 1212 can be set as required, and the plurality of first blades 1212 can be evenly distributed along the sidewall of the positioning boss 111, or unevenly distributed, and set as required.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first blade 1212 may be rectangular. At this time, the first blade 1212 may be perpendicular to the side wall of the positioning boss 111, or may form a certain angle (non-right angle) with the side wall of the positioning boss 111, as long as it can The skull 20 can be milled.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first blade 1212 may also be other shapes.
  • the side surface of the first blade 1212 is a curved surface, that is, the radial direction of the first blade 1212 is curved along the circumferential direction of the first bottom plate 1211, so as to have a better milling effect.
  • the first blade 1212 may also be in other forms, and there is no limitation here.
  • the positioning boss 111, the first blade 1212, the first bottom plate 1211, and the clamping portion 122 are preferably formed by integral milling of high-strength stainless steel, which has higher overall strength and is easier to manufacture.
  • the positioning boss 11, the first blade 1212, the first bottom plate 1211, and the clamping portion 122 can also be connected into one body in other ways, which is not limited here.
  • the size of the mounting surface 21 needs to be no less than the size of the DBS substrate 30, and the first blade 1212 extends from the side of the positioning boss 111 The wall extends to the edge of the first bottom plate 1211, so the size of the mounting surface 21 obtained by the milling of the first blade 1212 is adapted to the size of the first bottom plate 1211.
  • the diameter of the first base plate 1211 is no less than 26mm, so that it can be confirmed It is ensured that the mounting surface 21 obtained by the milling of the first insert 1212 can completely accommodate the DBS base 30.
  • the bottom surface of the DBS base 30 is a flat surface.
  • the first blade 1212 The milling surface (that is, the surface where the first blade 1212 contacts the skull 20) is also flat.
  • the bottom surface of the DBS base 30 is a concave arc surface.
  • the milling surface of the first blade 1212 is also a concave arc surface, and the shape of the concave arc surface of the first blade 1212 is adapted to the bottom surface of the DBS base 30, avoiding this type of DBS
  • the base 30 is fixed on the mounting surface 21, it appears to be suspended, the fit is tighter, and the fixing is more stable.
  • the shape of the bottom surface of the DBS base 30 may also be in other forms, and is not limited to the above-mentioned situation; the milling surface of the first blade 1212 is also correspondingly in other forms, as long as the The shape of the bottom surface can be adapted, and there is no restriction here.
  • the sinking mounting surface 21 is quickly milled, and the positioning boss 111 is connected with a guide plate 112 along the guide plate 112
  • the positioning boss 111 extends laterally, the guide plate 112 is provided with a milling through hole 1120, and the milling assembly 12 is accommodated in the milling through hole 1120, so that the milling assembly 12 can be guided and the milling area thereof can be restricted at the same time.
  • the external power device drives the clamping portion 122 to rotate, which in turn drives the milling blade 121 connected with the clamping portion 122 to rotate, so that the skull 20 can be milled;
  • the positioning boss 111 can rotate relative to the mounting hole 22, the guide plate 112 connected with the positioning boss 111 can rotate with the rotation of the positioning boss 111, and the milling assembly 12 accommodated in the milling through hole 1120 can rotate with the rotation of the guide plate 112 , So that the milling assembly 12 can mill the skull 20 around the mounting hole 22 to form the mounting surface 21.
  • the positioning assembly 11 further includes a rotating handle 113, the rotating handle 113 is connected with the positioning boss 111, and the rotating handle 113 and the positioning boss 111 can rotate relatively.
  • the rotating handle 113 can be fixed by hand or mechanical arm fixing, so that one end of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22, and the positioning boss 111 drives the guide plate 112, which in turn drives the milling assembly 12 to rotate
  • the rotating handle 113 is relatively fixed, so that a smoother milling process can be ensured.
  • the positioning boss 111 and the rotating handle 113 are connected by a precision bearing, and the two are assembled concentrically and can rotate freely.
  • the bearing includes an outer ring, an inner ring, and balls filled between the outer ring and the inner ring.
  • the outer ring and inner ring can rotate relatively.
  • the positioning boss 111 is provided with a accommodating groove, the bearing is arranged in the accommodating groove, and the outer ring of the bearing is in contact with the side wall of the accommodating groove, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected with one end of the rotating handle 113 (that is, the inner ring of the bearing Set at one end of the rotating handle).
  • the rotating handle 113 is fixed, so that the position of the positioning boss 111 can be limited in the longitudinal direction.
  • the positioning boss 111 and the rotating handle 113 can also be rotationally connected in other forms, which are not limited to the above-mentioned situation.
  • the milling cutter edge 121 includes a second bottom plate 1213 and a plurality of second blades 1214, the clamping portion 122 and the second blade 1214 are respectively provided on the second bottom plate 1213 Opposite surfaces on both sides.
  • the opposite sides of the second bottom plate 1213 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the second bottom plate and the lower surface of the second bottom plate, wherein the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the second bottom plate, and the plurality of second blades 1214 are provided On the bottom surface of the second bottom plate, the second blade 1214 extends from the middle of the bottom surface of the second bottom plate to the edge of the second bottom plate 1 213.
  • the number of the second blades 1214 can be set as required, and the plurality of second blades 1214 may be evenly distributed along the middle of the lower surface of the second bottom plate, or may be unevenly distributed, and set as required.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second blade 1214 may be rectangular, and at this time, the plurality of second blades 1214 are radial on the lower surface of the second bottom plate.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second blade 1214 may also be other shapes.
  • the side surface of the second blade 1214 is a curved surface, that is, the radial direction of the second blade 1214 is curved along the circumferential direction of the second bottom plate 1213, so as to have a better milling effect.
  • the second blade 1214 may also take other forms, and there is no limitation here.
  • the second blade 1214, the second bottom plate 1213, and the clamping portion 122 are preferably formed by integral milling of high-strength stainless steel, which has higher overall strength and is easier to manufacture.
  • the second blade 1214, the second bottom plate 1213, and the clamping portion 122 may also be connected into one body in other ways, and there is no limitation here.
  • the size of the mounting surface 21 needs to be no less than the size of the DBS substrate 30, and the second blade 1214 is centered from the lower surface of the second base plate. It extends to the edge of the second bottom plate 1213, so the size of the mounting surface 21 obtained by the milling of the second blade 1214 is adapted to the size of the second bottom plate 1213.
  • the milling surface formed by the second blade 1214 meets the requirements, thereby ensuring the milling of the second blade 1214
  • the diameter of the obtained mounting surface 21 is not less than 26 mm, and the DBS base 30 can be completely accommodated.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the milling through hole 1120 is circular, and the sum of the distance between the center of the milling through hole 1120 and the center of the positioning boss 111 and the radius of the milling through hole is not less than 13 mm, that is, the milling through hole 1120
  • the distance between the farthest point and the center of the positioning boss 111 is not less than 13mm (that is, the sum of the radius of the positioning boss 111 and the diameter of the second base plate 1213 is not less than 13mm)
  • the surface is adapted to the size of the milled through hole 1120, so as to ensure that the diameter of the mounting surface 21 obtained is not less than 26 mm.
  • the diameter of the positioning boss 111 is 10 mm to 16 mm (for example, 14 mm), which is adapted to the diameter of the mounting hole 22, so as to facilitate the passage of the DBS electrode wire.
  • the diameter of the positioning boss 111 is 10mm
  • the diameter of 1112 14mm
  • the diameter of the positioning boss 1112 16mm
  • the positioning boss 111 is also provided with at least one vent hole 1110, and the vent hole mo is a through hole opened in the longitudinal direction of the positioning boss m, so that the bone drill 10 can release the gas in time during the milling process.
  • the number of vent holes mo can be set as required, for example, it can be one, two or more, and it is not limited here.
  • a bone drill 10 includes a positioning component 11 and a milling component 12.
  • the positioning assembly 11 includes a positioning boss 111, and the positioning boss 111 is used to be set in a pre-opened mounting hole 22 of the skull 20, and the diameter of the positioning boss 111 is 10 mm to 16 mm.
  • the milling assembly 12 includes a milling knife edge 121 and a clamping portion 122.
  • the milling knife edge 121 includes a first base plate 1211 and a plurality of first blades 1212.
  • the clamping portion 122 and the positioning boss 111 are respectively provided on the opposite side of the first base plate 1211. Two Side surface.
  • the opposite sides of the first bottom plate 1211 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the first bottom plate and the lower surface of the first bottom plate.
  • the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the first bottom plate, and the positioning boss 111 is located on the first bottom plate.
  • a plurality of first blades 1212 are provided on the lower surface of the first bottom plate, and the first blades 1212 extend from the side wall of the positioning boss 111 to the edge of the first bottom plate 1211.
  • the thickness of the positioning boss 111 is greater than the thickness of the first blade 1212, so that the positioning boss 111 protrudes outward relative to the first blade 1212.
  • the protruding part of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22 Among them, the first blade 1212 is in contact with the skull around the mounting hole 22, so that the skull around the mounting hole 22 can be milled.
  • the diameter of the first base plate 1211 in the milling blade 121 is not less than 26 mm, so that the diameter of the milling surface formed by the plurality of first blades 1212 is not less than 26 mm, which ensures that the diameter of the obtained mounting surface 21 is not less than 26 mm.
  • the milling surface of the first insert 1212 is a flat surface, so that the obtained mounting surface 21 is a flat surface, which is convenient for bonding to the DBS base 30 with a flat bottom surface.
  • a bone drill 10 includes a positioning component 11 and a milling component 12.
  • the positioning assembly 11 includes a positioning boss 111, and the positioning boss 111 is used to be set in a pre-opened mounting hole 22 of the skull 20, and the diameter of the positioning boss 111 is 10 mm to 16 mm.
  • the milling assembly 12 includes a milling knife edge 121 and a clamping portion 122.
  • the milling knife edge 121 includes a first base plate 1211 and a plurality of first blades 1212.
  • the clamping portion 122 and the positioning boss 111 are respectively provided on the opposite side of the first base plate 1211. Surfaces on both sides.
  • the opposite sides of the first bottom plate 1211 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the first bottom plate and the lower surface of the first bottom plate.
  • the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the first bottom plate, and the positioning boss 111 is located on the first bottom plate.
  • a plurality of first blades 1212 are provided on the lower surface of the first bottom plate, and the first blades 1212 extend from the side wall of the positioning boss 111 to the edge of the first bottom plate 1211.
  • the thickness of the positioning boss 111 is greater than the thickness of the first blade 1212, so that the positioning boss 111 protrudes outward relative to the first blade 1212.
  • the protruding part of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22 Among them, the first blade 1212 is in contact with the skull around the mounting hole 22, so that the skull around the mounting hole 22 can be milled.
  • the diameter of the first base plate 1211 in the milling cutter edge 121 is not less than 26 mm, so that the diameter of the milling surface formed by the plurality of first blades 1212 is not less than 26 mm, which ensures that the diameter of the obtained mounting surface 21 is not less than 26 mm.
  • the milling surface of the first blade 1212 is a concave arc surface, so that the mounting surface 21 obtained is a flat surface, which is convenient for bonding with the DBS base 30 whose bottom surface is a concave arc surface.
  • a bone drill 10 includes a positioning component 11 and a milling component 12.
  • the positioning assembly 11 includes a positioning boss 111, a guide plate 112, and a rotating handle 113, so as to be precisely controllable during the milling process.
  • the positioning boss 111 is used to be set in the mounting hole 22 pre-opened in the skull 20 for positioning
  • the diameter of the boss 111 is 10 mm to 16 mm.
  • the guide plate 112 is connected to the positioning boss 111 and extends along the lateral direction of the positioning boss 111.
  • the guide plate 112 is provided with a milling through hole 1120, and the milling component 12 is accommodated in the milling through hole 1120, so that the milling component 12 to guide and limit the milling area at the same time.
  • the rotating handle 113 and the positioning boss 111 are connected by a precision bearing, and the two are assembled concentrically and can rotate freely.
  • the bearing includes an outer ring, an inner ring, and balls filled between the outer ring and the inner ring, so that the outer ring and the inner ring can rotate relatively.
  • the positioning boss 111 is provided with a accommodating groove, the bearing is arranged in the accommodating groove, and the outer ring of the bearing is in contact with the side wall of the accommodating groove, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected with one end of the rotating handle 113 (that is, the inner ring of the bearing Set at one end of the rotating handle).
  • the rotating handle 113 can be fixed by hand or mechanical arm fixing, so that one end of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22, and the positioning boss 111 drives the guide plate 112, which in turn drives the milling assembly 12 to rotate At this time, the rotating handle 113 is relatively fixed, so that a smoother milling process can be ensured.
  • the milling cutter edge 121 includes a second bottom plate 1213 and a plurality of second blades 1214.
  • the clamping portion 122 and the second blades 1214 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the second bottom plate 1213.
  • the opposite sides of the second bottom plate 1213 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the second bottom plate and the lower surface of the second bottom plate, wherein the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the second bottom plate, and the plurality of second blades 1214 are provided On the bottom surface of the second bottom plate, the second blade 1 214 extends from the middle of the bottom surface of the second bottom plate to the edge of the second bottom plate 1213.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the milling through hole 1120 is circular, and the distance between the farthest point of the milling through hole 1120 and the center of the positioning boss 111 is not less than 13 mm (that is, the radius of the positioning boss 111 and the diameter of the second bottom plate 1213 And not less than 13 mm), the milling surface formed by the second insert 1214 in the milling assembly 12 is adapted to the size of the milling through hole 1120, so that the diameter of the mounting surface 21 obtained is not less than 26 mm.
  • the positioning assembly 11 includes a positioning boss 111, and the positioning boss 111 is used for pre-installed installation on the skull 20 In the hole 22, the diameter of the positioning boss 111 is 10 mm to 16 mm.
  • the milling assembly 12 includes a milling knife edge 121 and a clamping portion 122.
  • the milling knife edge 121 includes a first base plate 1211 and a plurality of first blades 1212.
  • the clamping portion 122 and the positioning boss 111 are respectively provided on the opposite side of the first base plate 1211. Surfaces on both sides.
  • the opposite sides of the first bottom plate 1211 are respectively marked as the upper surface of the first bottom plate and the lower surface of the first bottom plate.
  • the clamping portion 122 is connected to the upper surface of the first bottom plate, and the positioning boss 111 is located on the first bottom plate.
  • a plurality of first blades 1212 are provided on the lower surface of the first bottom plate, and the first blades 1212 extend from the side wall of the positioning boss 111 to the edge of the first bottom plate 1211.
  • the thickness of the positioning boss 111 is greater than the thickness of the first blade 1212, so that the positioning boss 111 protrudes outward relative to the first blade 1212.
  • the protruding part of the positioning boss 111 is accommodated in the mounting hole 22 Among them, the first blade 1212 is in contact with the skull around the mounting hole 22, so that the skull around the mounting hole 22 can be milled.
  • At least one exhaust hole 1110 is opened on the positioning boss 111.
  • the diameter of the first base plate 1211 in the milling cutter edge 121 is not less than 26 mm, so that the diameter of the milling surface formed by the plurality of first blades 1212 is not less than 26 mm, which ensures that the diameter of the obtained mounting surface 21 is not less than 26 mm.
  • the milling surface of the first insert 1212 is a flat surface, so that the obtained mounting surface 21 is a flat surface, which is convenient for bonding to the DBS base 30 with a flat bottom surface.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is also to provide a base installation method, including:
  • Step S10 Open the mounting hole at the preset position of the bone.
  • Step S20 Take the mounting hole as the center, and mill a mounting surface on the bone surface around the mounting hole.
  • Step S30 Fix the base on the mounting surface.
  • the base is a deep brain stimulation base (ie, a DBS base), and the DBS base is used to install on the patient's skull, so as to facilitate subsequent fixation of the DBS electrode lead to the patient's skull through the electrode locking device
  • the skeleton at this time is the skull.
  • the mounting hole is opened on the skull to place the DBS electrode in it later.
  • the bones may also be bones of other parts, and are not limited to the above-mentioned situations.
  • the method further includes
  • Step S01 Mark the target part on the surface of the bone, and record the target part as a preset position.
  • the diameter of the mounting hole is 10 mm to 16 mm, for example, it may be 14 mm, So as to facilitate the operation and the DBS electrode wire to pass through and fix.
  • step S20 includes:
  • Step S21 Using the center of the mounting hole as the center, mark concentric circles with a preset diameter on the surface of the bone, and the area within the concentric circles is the area to be cut.
  • the preset diameter is not less than 26mm, so as to ensure that the obtained mounting surface 21 can completely accommodate the DBS base.
  • Step S22 milling the area to be cut to obtain a mounting surface.
  • the milling can be carried out by ordinary grinding and drilling, or by the above-mentioned bone drill, as long as a suitable mounting surface can be obtained.
  • the bottom surface of the DBS base is a flat surface
  • it can be performed by using an ordinary grinding drill with a flat milling surface or a bone drill with the aforementioned milling surface as a flat surface.
  • the bottom surface of the DBS base is a concave arc surface
  • it can be performed by using an ordinary grinding drill with a concave arc surface for milling or a bone drill with a concave arc surface for the milling surface.
  • the depth of the mounting surface relative to the bone surface is not less than 2 mm, so that the DBS base can be well hidden.
  • the depth of the mounting surface relative to the surface of the skull is not less than the thickness of the DBS base, the DBS base can be completely contained in the skull, and no bulge is visible from the appearance.
  • step S30 the DBS base is fixed to the mounting surface by at least two screws to ensure firm fixation and simple operation.
  • the DBS base can also be fixed in other ways, and is not limited to the above situation.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step S40 Fix the electrode wire on the base by the electrode locking device.
  • the electrode lead here can be a DBS electrode lead, and the base corresponds to a DBS base; of course, the electrode lead can also be of other types, which is not limited here.
  • the S base is displaced, resulting in failure of the fixation of the DBS electrode wire.
  • the fixing method of the S base easily leads to obvious scalp bulge and high local tension of the scalp, which affects the healing of the incision.
  • This embodiment proposes a brand new solution, by milling a mounting surface on the skull, and fixing the DBS base on the mounting surface, so as to realize the fixation of the DBS base, which has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the shape of the mounting surface is adapted to the shape of the bottom surface of the DBS base, it can be completely attached to the bottom surface of the DBS base, there is no gap between the two, and the fixing effect is better.
  • the DBS base By milling the mounting surface on the skull, the DBS base will not cause the scalp to bulge after installation, so it will not increase the local tension of the scalp, which is beneficial to the healing of the incision. At the same time, it will not affect the appearance of the patient's head, which is beneficial to enhance the patient's confidence in treatment.

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Abstract

一种骨骼钻头及基座安装方法,骨骼钻头(10)包括定位组件(11)和铣削组件(12);定位组件(11)包括定位凸台(111),定位凸台(111)用于是设置在骨骼预先开设的安装孔(22)中;铣削组件(12)包括铣削刀口(121)和夹持部(122),夹持部(122)与铣削刀口(121)连接,铣削刀口与定位凸台(111)连接;夹持部(122)用于与外部动力装置连接,且在外部动力装置的作用下带动铣削刀口(121)转动;铣削刀口(121)用于在安装孔(22)周围铣削出安装面(21)。该骨骼钻头可以在安装孔周围铣削处一个安装面,可以与DBS基座的底面完全贴合,固定效果更佳;DBS基座不会变形,有利于后续电极锁定装置的固定,提高DBS电极导线的稳定性。

Description

一种骨豁钻头及基座安装方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域, 更具体地说, 是涉及一种骨骼钻头及基座安装 方法。
背景技术
[0002] 脑深部电刺激 (Deep Brain Stimulation, 简写为 DBS) , 又称脑起搏器治疗手 术, 该手术在过去的 20年里已经发展成为了传统脑立体定向功能外科手术中常 用的毁损手术的替代方法。 DBS技术是通过脑立体定向技术在脑内特定的神经核 团中植入电极, 通过高频电刺激抑制异常的神经元及其纤维, 降低患者神经元 过度兴奋的状态, 使神经内环境趋于正常、 平稳, 进而达到治疗疾病的目的。
[0003] 目前, DBS电极导线采用 stimloc (电极锁定装置) 固定于基座上, 基座固定于 颅骨表面。 然而, 由于基座底面是平面, 颅骨表面是弧面, 而且个体差异明显 , 基座固定后与颅骨间存在明显缝隙, 容易使基座变形, 长期的变形应力容易 导致基座位移, 影响 stimloc的固定, 使得电极线固定失效。
发明概述
技术问题
[0004] 本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种骨骼钻头, 以解决现有基座固定于骨骼表面 时存在缝隙, 基座容易变形的技术问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题, 本发明实施例采用的技术方案是: 提供一种骨骼钻头, 用于在骨骼铣削安装基座的安装面, 所述骨骼钻头包括定位组件和铣削组件; [0006] 所述定位组件包括定位凸台, 用于设置在所述骨骼预先开设的安装孔中;
[0007] 所述铣削组件包括铣削刀口和夹持部, 所述夹持部与所述铣削刀口连接, 所述 铣削刀口与所述定位凸台连接;
[0008] 所述夹持部用于与外部动力装置连接, 且在所述外部动力装置的作用下带动所 述铣削刀口转动;
[0009] 所述铣削刀口用于在所述安装孔周围铣削出所述安装面。
[0010] 本发明实施例的目的还在于提供一种基座安装方法, 包括:
[0011] 在骨骼的预设位置开通安装孔;
[0012] 以所述安装孔为中心, 在所述安装孔周围的骨骼表面铣削出安装面;
[0013] 将基座固定于所述安装面。
[0014] 本发明实施例提供的一种骨骼钻头的有益效果至少在于:
[0015] ( 1) 通过提供一种骨骼钻头, 该骨骼钻头可以在安装孔周围铣削出一个安装 面, 该安装面的形状与 DBS基座的底面形状相适应, 因此可以与 DBS基座的底面 完全贴合, 两者之间没有缝隙, 固定效果更佳。
[0016] (2) 由于 DBS基座与颅骨中的安装面完全贴合, 因此在固定过程中 DBS基座 不会变形, 有利于后续电极锁定装置的固定, 进而可以提高 DBS电极导线的稳定 性。
[0017] (3) 由于 DBS基座在固定过程中不会发生变形, 因此在长期使用过程中 DBS 基座也不会发生位移, 确保 DBS电极导线固定长期有效。
[0018] (4) 通过在颅骨上铣削安装面, DBS基座安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此不 会增加头皮局部张力, 有利于切口愈合。 同时不会影响病人的头部外观, 有利 于增强病人的治疗信心。
[0019] (5) 由于 DBS基座安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此在日常生活中 DBS基座不 会受到外力作用, 可以有效保护 DBS电极和头皮。
发明的有益效果
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0020] 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或现有技术描 述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是 本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的 前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
[0021] 图 1为本发明实施例提供的骨骼钻头制作安装面后安装 DBS基座的结构示意图 [0022] 图 2为本发明实施例提供的骨骼钻头制作安装面后安装 DBS基座的爆炸结构示 意图;
[0023] 图 3为本发明实施例提供的骨骼钻头制作安装面后安装 DBS基座的剖面结构示 意图;
[0024] 图 4为本发明实施例提供的第一种骨骼钻头的结构示意图;
[0025] 图 5为本发明实施例提供的第一种骨骼钻头的剖面结构示意图;
[0026] 图 6为本发明实施例提供的第二种骨骼钻头的结构示意图;
[0027] 图 7为本发明实施例提供的第三种骨骼钻头的结构示意图;
[0028] 图 8为本发明实施例提供的第三种骨骼钻头的爆炸结构示意图;
[0029] 图 9为本发明实施例提供的第三种骨骼钻头中铣削组件的结构示意图;
[0030] 图 10为本发明实施例提供的第四种骨骼钻头的结构示意图;
[0031] 图 11为本发明实施例提供的第四种骨骼钻头的剖面结构示意图;
[0032] 图 12为本发明实施例提供的基座安装方法的实现流程示意图一;
[0033] 图 13为本发明实施例提供的基座安装方法的实现流程示意图二。
[0034] 其中, 图中各附图标记:
[0035] 10-骨骼钻头; 11-定位组件;
[0036] 111-定位凸台; mo-排气孔;
[0037] 112 -导板;
[0038] 1120 -铁削通孔; 12 -铁削组件;
[0039] 121 -铣削刀口; 1211 -第一底板;
[0040] 1212 -第一刀片; 1213 -第二底板;
[0041] 1214 -第二刀片; 113 -旋转手柄;
[0042] 122 -夹持部; 20-颅骨;
[0043] 21 -安装面; 22 -安装孔;
[0044] 30 -基座。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式 [0045] 为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、 技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白, 以下 结合附图及实施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的 具体实施例仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
[0046] 需要说明的是, 当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件, 它可以直接或 者间接位于该另一个部件上。 当一个部件被称为“连接于”另一个部件, 它可以是 直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。 术语“上”、 “下”、 “左”、 “右”、 “前”、 “后 ”、 “竖直”、 “水平”、 “顶”、 “底”、 “内”、 “外”等指示的方位或位置为基于附图所 示的方位或位置, 仅是为了便于描述, 不能理解为对本技术方案的限制。 术语“
Figure imgf000006_0001
而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者 隐含指明技术特征的数量。 “多个”的含义是两个或两个以上, 除非另有明确具体 的限定。
[0047] 请参阅图 1至图 4, 一种骨骼钻头 10, 用于在骨骼 20铣削安装基座 30的安装面 21 , 骨骼钻头 10包括定位组件 11和铣削组件 12。 定位组件 11包括定位凸台 111, 定 位凸台 111用于设置在骨骼预先开设的安装孔 22中。 铣削组件 12包括铣削刀口 12 1和夹持部 122, 夹持部 122与铣削刀口 121连接, 铣削刀口 121与定位凸台 111连 接; 其中夹持部 122用于与外部动力装置连接, 且在外部动力装置的作用下带动 铣削刀口 121转动; 铣削刀口 121用于在安装孔 22周围铣削出安装面 21。
[0048] 请参阅图 1至图 3, 在一个实施例中, 基座 30为脑深部电刺激基座 (简写为 DBS 基座) , 骨骼钻头 10用于在颅骨 20上铣削安装面 21。 在需要对 DBS基座 30进行安 装时, 首先通过普通钻头在颅骨 20的预设位置开设安装孔 22, 然后采用骨骼钻 头 10在安装孔 22周围铣削出安装面 21, 然后将 DBS基座 30固定在该安装面 21上。 在铣削安装面 21时, 首先将骨骼钻头 10的定位凸台 111容置于该安装孔 22中, 从 而可以起到定位和固定作用; 然后外部动力装置与铣削组件 12的夹持部 122连接 , 外部动力装置工作, 从而带动与其连接的夹持部 122转动, 夹持部 122带动与 其连接的铣削刀口 121转动, 从而铣削刀口 121可以对颅骨进行铣削。 在铣削过 程中, 铣削刀口 121发生转动, 同时定位凸台 111也相对安装孔 22转动, 从而可 以带动与其连接的铣削刀口 121环绕安装孔 22—周进行铣削, 获得安装面 21。 在 对 DBS基座 30进行固定后, 采用电极锁定装置将 DBS电极导线固定在基座上。 夹 持部 122可以为通用颅骨钻标准夹头。 当然, 在其他实施例中, 骨骼还可以为其 他部分的骨骼, 并不仅限于颅骨; 基座 30还可以为其他类型, 此处不做限制。
[0049] 目前在进行 DBS基座 30的固定时, 通常是直接将 DBS基座 30固定在颅骨 20表面 , 然而这种方式至少存在如下风险和缺陷:
[0050] ( 1) 通常 DBS基座 30的底面是平面, 而颅骨 20表面为弧面, 而且个体差异非 常明显, 因此在将 DBS基座 30固定后 DBS基座 30与颅骨 20表面之间存在明显的缝 隙, 影响固定效果。
[0051] (2) 由于 DBS基座 30无法与颅骨 20表面完全贴合, 而在固定过程中若固定过 紧很容易导致 DBS基座 30变形, 从而会影响后续电极锁定装置的固定, 进而影响 DBS电极导线的稳定性。
[0052] (3) 由于 DBS基座 30在固定过程中容易发生变形, 长期的变形应力容易导致 D
BS基座 30发生位移, 从而导致 DBS电极导线固定失效。
[0053] (4) 进行 DBS手术多为中老年人病人, 中老年病人通常比较消痩, 目前的 DB
S基座固定方式容易导致头皮隆起明显, 头皮局部张力高, 影响切口愈合。
[0054] (5) 目前 DBS基座固定方式容易受外力作用, 导致 DBS电极损伤或头皮损伤
。 不仅如此, 头皮明显隆起影响美观, 对病人心理造成不良影响。
[0055] 本实施例则提出了一种全新的方案, 至少具有以下有益效果:
[0056] ( 1) 通过提供一种骨骼钻头 10, 该骨骼钻头 10可以在安装孔 22周围铣削出一 个安装面 21, 该安装面 21的形状与 DBS基座 30的底面形状相适应, 因此可以与 D BS基座 30的底面完全贴合, 两者之间没有缝隙, 固定效果更佳。
[0057] (2) 由于 DBS基座 30与颅骨 20中的安装面 21完全贴合, 因此在固定过程中 DB
S基座 30不会变形, 有利于后续电极锁定装置的固定, 进而可以提高 DBS电极导 线的稳定性。
[0058] (3) 由于 DBS基座 30在固定过程中不会发生变形, 因此在长期使用过程中 DB
S基座 30也不会发生位移, 确保 DBS电极导线固定长期有效。
[0059] (4) 通过在颅骨 20上铣削安装面 21, DBS基座 30安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此不会增加头皮局部张力, 有利于切口愈合。 同时不会影响病人的头部外观 , 有利于增强病人的治疗信心。 [0060] (5) 由于 DBS基座 30安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此在日常生活中 DBS基座 3
0不会受到外力作用, 可以有效保护 DBS电极和头皮。
[0061] 请参阅图 4和图 5, 在一个实施例中, 铣削刀口 121包括第一底板 1211和多个第 一刀片 1212, 夹持部 122和定位凸台 111分别设于第一底板 1211的相对两侧表面 。 为了描述方便, 将第一底板 1211的相对两侧表面分别记为第一底板上表面和 第一底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与第一底板上表面连接, 定位凸台 111则位于 第一底板下表面的中部。 多个第一刀片 1212设于第一底板下表面, 且第一刀片 1 212自定位凸台 111的侧壁向第一底板 1211边缘延伸。
[0062] 为了能够起到更好的定位作用和固定作用, 定位凸台 111的厚度要大于第一刀 片 1212的厚度, 从而定位凸台 111相对于第一刀片 1212向外凸起, 在进行铣削时 , 定位凸台 111的凸起部分容置于安装孔 22中, 第一刀片 1212则与安装孔 22周围 的颅骨接触, 从而可以对安装孔 22周围的颅骨进行铣削。
[0063] 第一刀片 1212的数量可以根据需要进行设置, 多个第一刀片 1212可沿定位凸台 111的侧壁均匀分布, 也可不均匀分布, 根据需要进行设置。 第一刀片 1212的截 面形状可以为矩形, 此时第一刀片 1212可以与定位凸台 111的侧壁相垂直, 也可 以与定位凸台 111的侧壁呈一定夹角 (非直角) , 只要能够对颅骨 20进行铣削即 可。 第一刀片 1212的截面形状也可以为其他形状, 例如第一刀片 1212的侧面为 曲面, 即第一刀片 1212的径向沿第一底板 1211的圆周方向弯曲, 从而能够具有 更好的铣削效果。 当然, 第一刀片 1212还可以为其他形式, 此处不做限制。
[0064] 定位凸台 111、 第一刀片 1212、 第一底板 1211以及夹持部 122优选为通过高强度 不锈钢一体铣削加工而成, 整体强度更高, 且制作更加简单。 当然, 定位凸台 1 11、 第一刀片 1212、 第一底板 1211以及夹持部 122也可以通过其他方式连接为一 体, 此处不做限制。
[0065] 在一个实施例中, 为了使得铣削获得安装面 21能够完全容置 DBS基板 30, 安装 面 21的尺寸需要不小于 DBS基板 30的尺寸, 而第一刀片 1212从定位凸台 111的侧 壁一直延伸至第一底板 1211的边缘, 因此第一刀片 1212铣削所获得的安装面 21 的尺寸与第一底板 1211的尺寸相适应。 通过将第一底板 1211的直径设置为不小 于 26mm, 从而第一刀片 1212所形成的铣削面的直径不小于 26mm, 从而可以确 保第一刀片 1212铣削所获得的安装面 21能够完全容置 DBS基座 30。
[0066] 请参阅图 4, 在一个实施例中, DBS基座 30的底面为平面, 此时为了确保铁削 获得的安装面 21能够与 DBS基座 30的底面相贴合, 第一刀片 1212的铣削面 (即第 一刀片 1212与颅骨 20相接触的表面) 也为平面。
[0067] 请参阅图 6, 在一个实施例中, 为了能够与颅骨 20的表面更加贴合, DBS基座 3 0的底面为内凹弧面, 此时为了确保铣削获得的安装面 21能够与 DBS基座 30的底 面相贴合, 第一刀片 1212的铣削面也为内凹弧面, 且第一刀片 1212的内凹弧面 形状与 DBS基座 30的底面相适应, 避免了该类 DBS基座 30固定在安装面 21上时出 现悬空的情况, 贴合更加紧密, 固定更加稳固。
[0068] 当然, 在其他实施例中, DBS基座 30的底面形状也可以为其他形式, 并不仅限 于上述的情形; 第一刀片 1212的铣削面也相应为其他形式, 只要与 DBS基座的底 面形状相适应即可, 此处不做限制。
[0069] 请参阅图 7至图 9 , 在一个实施例中, 为了在铣削过程中做到精准可控, 快速铣 削出下沉的安装面 21, 定位凸台 111连接有导板 112, 导板 112沿定位凸台 111的 侧向延伸, 导板 112设有铣削通孔 1120, 铣削组件 12容置于该铣削通孔 1120中, 从而可以对铣削组件 12进行引导、 同时对其铣削区域进行限制。 在铣削安装面 2 1时, 一方面, 外部动力装置带动夹持部 122转动, 进而带动与夹持部 122连接的 铣削刀口 121转动, 从而可以对颅骨 20进行铣削; 另一方面, 定位凸台 111可相 对安装孔 22转动, 与定位凸台 111连接的导板 112可随着定位凸台 111的转动而转 动, 容置于铣削通孔 1120中的铣削组件 12可随着导板 112的转动而转动, 从而铣 削组件 12可对安装孔 22周围的颅骨 20进行铣削, 形成安装面 21。
[0070] 请参阅图 7和图 8, 进一步地, 定位组件 11还包括旋转手柄 113, 旋转手柄 113与 定位凸台 111连接, 且旋转手柄 113与定位凸台 111可相对转动。 在进行铣削时, 可以通过手持或机械臂固定的方式对旋转手柄 113进行固定, 使得定位凸台 111 的一端容置于安装孔 22中, 定位凸台 111带动导板 112、 进而带动铣削组件 12转 动时, 旋转手柄 113相对固定, 从而可以确保铣削过程更平稳。
[0071] 在一个实施例中, 定位凸台 111与旋转手柄 113通过精密轴承连接, 二者同心装 配且可自由转动。 轴承包括外圈、 内圈以及填充于外圈和内圈之间的滚珠, 从 而外圈和内圈可以相对转动。 定位凸台 111设有容置槽, 轴承设于该容置槽中, 且轴承的外圈与容置槽的侧壁接触, 轴承的内圈与旋转手柄 113的一端连接 (即 轴承的内圈套设在旋转手柄的一端) 。 当铣削时, 旋转手柄 113固定, 从而可以 在纵向上对定位凸台 111的位置进行限定, 同时定位凸台 111可以相对旋转手柄 1 13转动, 从而带动铣削组件 12对安装孔 22—周的颅骨 20进行铣削, 获得安装面 2 1 =
[0072] 当然, 在其他实施例中, 定位凸台 111与旋转手柄 113还可以通过其他形式转动 连接, 并不仅限于上述的情形。
[0073] 请参阅图 8和图 9, 在一个实施例中, 铣削刀口 121包括第二底板 1213以及多个 第二刀片 1214, 夹持部 122和第二刀片 1214分别设于第二底板 1213的相对两侧表 面。 为了描述方便, 将第二底板 1213的相对两侧表面分别记为第二底板上表面 和第二底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与第二底板上表面连接, 多个第二刀片 1214 则设于第二底板下表面, 且第二刀片 1214自第二底板下表面的中部向第二底板 1 213边缘延伸。
[0074] 第二刀片 1214的数量可以根据需要进行设置, 多个第二刀片 1214可沿第二底板 下表面的中部均匀分布, 也可不均匀分布, 根据需要进行设置。 第二刀片 1214 的截面形状可以为矩形, 此时多个第二刀片 1214在第二底板下表面呈辐射状。 第二刀片 1214的截面形状也可以为其他形状, 例如第二刀片 1214的侧面为曲面 , 即第二刀片 1214的径向沿第二底板 1213的圆周方向弯曲, 从而能够具有更好 的铣削效果。 当然, 第二刀片 1214还可以为其他形式, 此处不做限制。
[0075] 第二刀片 1214、 第二底板 1213以及夹持部 122优选为通过高强度不锈钢一体铣 削加工而成, 整体强度更高, 且制作更加简单。 当然, 第二刀片 1214、 第二底 板 1213以及夹持部 122也可以通过其他方式连接为一体, 此处不做限制。
[0076] 在一个实施例中, 为了使得铣削获得安装面 21能够完全容置 DBS基板 30, 安装 面 21的尺寸需要不小于 DBS基板 30的尺寸, 而第二刀片 1214从第二底板下表面中 心一直延伸至第二底板 1213的边缘, 因此第二刀片 1214铣削所获得的安装面 21 的尺寸与第二底板 1213的尺寸相适应。 通过将第二底板 1213的直径进行设置, 使得第二刀片 1214所形成的铣削面满足要求, 从而可以确保第二刀片 1214铣削 所获得的安装面 21的直径不小于 26mm, 能够完全容置 DBS基座 30。
[0077] 在一个实施例中, 铣削通孔 1120的截面形状为圆形, 铣削通孔 1120的中心和定 位凸台 111中心的距离与铣削通孔半径之和不小于 13mm, 即铣削通孔 1120中最 远处距离定位凸台 111中心的距离不小于 13mm (也即定位凸台 111的半径与第二 底板 1213的直径之和不小于 13mm) , 铣削组件 12中第二刀片 1214所形成的铣削 面与铣削通孔 1120的尺寸相适应, 从而可以确保所获得的安装面 21的直径不小 于 26mm。
[0078] 在一个实施例中, 定位凸台 111的直径为 10mm~16_ (例如可以为 14mm) , 其与安装孔 22的直径相适应, 从而便于 DBS电极导线穿过。 当定位凸台 111的直 径为 10mm时, 则第二底板 1213的直径不小于 (13-10/2) =8mm, 对应第二刀片 1 214形成的铣削面的直径不小于 8mm; 当定位凸台 1112的直径为 14mm时, 第二 底板 1213的直径不小于 (13-14/2) =6mm, 对应第二刀片 1214形成的铣削面的直 径不小于 6mm; 当定位凸台 1112的直径为 16mm时, 第二底板 1213的直径不小于 (13-16/2) =5mm, 对应第二刀片 1214形成的铣削面的直径不小于 5mm。
[0079] 请参阅图 10和图 11, 考虑到骨骼钻头 10在铣削过程中会产生热量, 从而对颅骨 20内部进行加热, 容易造成颅内气压膨胀, 因此需要将颅内的气体排出, 从而 降低颅内气压。 在一个实施例中, 定位凸台 111上还开设有至少一个排气孔 1110 , 该排气孔 mo为沿定位凸台 m纵向开设的通孔, 从而骨骼钻头 10在铣削过程 中可以将气体及时排出体外。 排气孔 mo的数量可以根据需要进行设置, 例如 可以为一个, 两个甚至更多个, 此处并不限制。
[0080] 以下提供几种骨骼钻头 10的实施例, 应当理解的是, 以下实施例仅作示例说明 , 并不用于对骨骼钻头 10进行限制。
[0081] 请参阅图 4和图 5, 实施例一:
[0082] 一种骨骼钻头 10, 包括定位组件 11和铣削组件 12。
[0083] 定位组件 11包括定位凸台 111, 定位凸台 111用于设置在颅骨 20预先开设的安装 孔 22中, 定位凸台 111的直径为 10mm~16mm。
[0084] 铣削组件 12包括铣削刀口 121和夹持部 122, 铣削刀口 121包括第一底板 1211和 多个第一刀片 1212, 夹持部 122和定位凸台 111分别设于第一底板 1211的相对两 侧表面。 为了描述方便, 将第一底板 1211的相对两侧表面分别记为第一底板上 表面和第一底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与第一底板上表面连接, 定位凸台 111 位于第一底板下表面的中部, 多个第一刀片 1212设于第一底板下表面, 且第一 刀片 1212自定位凸台 111的侧壁延伸至第一底板 1211边缘。 定位凸台 111的厚度 要大于第一刀片 1212的厚度, 从而定位凸台 111相对于第一刀片 1212向外凸起, 在进行铣削时, 定位凸台 111的凸起部分容置于安装孔 22中, 第一刀片 1212则与 安装孔 22周围的颅骨接触, 从而可以对安装孔 22周围的颅骨进行铣削。
[0085] 铣削刀口 121中第一底板 1211的直径不小于 26mm, 从而多个第一刀片 1212形成 的铣削面的直径不小于 26mm, 确保了所获得的安装面 21的直径不小于 26mm。 第一刀片 1212的铣削面为平面, 从而获得的安装面 21为平面, 便于与底面为平 面的 DBS基座 30贴合。
[0086] 请参阅图 6, 实施例二:
[0087] 一种骨骼钻头 10, 包括定位组件 11和铣削组件 12。
[0088] 定位组件 11包括定位凸台 111, 定位凸台 111用于设置在颅骨 20预先开设的安装 孔 22中, 定位凸台 111的直径为 10mm~16mm。
[0089] 铣削组件 12包括铣削刀口 121和夹持部 122, 铣削刀口 121包括第一底板 1211和 多个第一刀片 1212, 夹持部 122和定位凸台 111分别设于第一底板 1211的相对两 侧表面。 为了描述方便, 将第一底板 1211的相对两侧表面分别记为第一底板上 表面和第一底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与第一底板上表面连接, 定位凸台 111 位于第一底板下表面的中部, 多个第一刀片 1212设于第一底板下表面, 且第一 刀片 1212自定位凸台 111的侧壁延伸至第一底板 1211边缘。 定位凸台 111的厚度 要大于第一刀片 1212的厚度, 从而定位凸台 111相对于第一刀片 1212向外凸起, 在进行铣削时, 定位凸台 111的凸起部分容置于安装孔 22中, 第一刀片 1212则与 安装孔 22周围的颅骨接触, 从而可以对安装孔 22周围的颅骨进行铣削。
[0090] 铣削刀口 121中第一底板 1211的直径不小于 26mm, 从而多个第一刀片 1212形成 的铣削面的直径不小于 26mm, 确保了所获得的安装面 21的直径不小于 26mm。 第一刀片 1212的铣削面为内凹弧面, 从而获得的安装面 21为平面, 便于与底面 为内凹弧面的 DBS基座 30贴合。 [0091] 请参阅图 7至图 9, 实施例三:
[0092] 一种骨骼钻头 10, 包括定位组件 11和铣削组件 12。
[0093] 定位组件 11包括定位凸台 111、 导板 112以及旋转手柄 113, 从而在铣削过程中 可以做到精准可控, 定位凸台 111用于设置在颅骨 20预先开设的安装孔 22中, 定 位凸台 111的直径为 10mm~16mm。
[0094] 导板 112与定位凸台 111连接, 且沿定位凸台 111的侧向延伸, 导板 112设有铣削 通孔 1120, 铣削组件 12容置于该铣削通孔 1120中, 从而可以对铣削组件 12进行 引导、 同时对其铣削区域进行限制。
[0095] 旋转手柄 113与定位凸台 111通过精密轴承连接, 二者同心装配且可自由转动。
轴承包括外圈、 内圈以及填充于外圈和内圈之间的滚珠, 从而外圈和内圈可以 相对转动。 定位凸台 111设有容置槽, 轴承设于该容置槽中, 且轴承的外圈与容 置槽的侧壁接触, 轴承的内圈与旋转手柄 113的一端连接 (即轴承的内圈套设在 旋转手柄的一端) 。 在进行铣削时, 可以通过手持或机械臂固定的方式对旋转 手柄 113进行固定, 使得定位凸台 111的一端容置于安装孔 22中, 定位凸台 111带 动导板 112、 进而带动铣削组件 12转动时, 旋转手柄 113相对固定, 从而可以确 保铣削过程更平稳。
[0096] 铣削刀口 121包括第二底板 1213以及多个第二刀片 1214, 夹持部 122和第二刀片 1214分别设于第二底板 1213的相对两侧表面。 为了描述方便, 将第二底板 1213 的相对两侧表面分别记为第二底板上表面和第二底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与 第二底板上表面连接, 多个第二刀片 1214则设于第二底板下表面, 且第二刀片 1 214自第二底板下表面的中部延伸至第二底板 1213边缘。
[0097] 铣削通孔 1120的截面形状为圆形, 铣削通孔 1120中最远处距离定位凸台 111中 心的距离不小于 13mm (也即定位凸台 111的半径与第二底板 1213的直径之和不 小于 13mm) , 铣削组件 12中第二刀片 1214所形成的铣削面与铣削通孔 1120的尺 寸相适应, 从而可以确保所获得的安装面 21的直径不小于 26mm。
[0098] 请参阅图 10和图 11, 实施例四:
[0099] 一种骨骼钻头 10, 包括定位组件 11和铣削组件 12。
[0100] 定位组件 11包括定位凸台 111, 定位凸台 111用于设置在颅骨 20预先开设的安装 孔 22中, 定位凸台 111的直径为 10mm~16mm。
[0101] 铣削组件 12包括铣削刀口 121和夹持部 122, 铣削刀口 121包括第一底板 1211和 多个第一刀片 1212, 夹持部 122和定位凸台 111分别设于第一底板 1211的相对两 侧表面。 为了描述方便, 将第一底板 1211的相对两侧表面分别记为第一底板上 表面和第一底板下表面, 其中夹持部 122与第一底板上表面连接, 定位凸台 111 位于第一底板下表面的中部, 多个第一刀片 1212设于第一底板下表面, 且第一 刀片 1212自定位凸台 111的侧壁延伸至第一底板 1211边缘。 定位凸台 111的厚度 要大于第一刀片 1212的厚度, 从而定位凸台 111相对于第一刀片 1212向外凸起, 在进行铣削时, 定位凸台 111的凸起部分容置于安装孔 22中, 第一刀片 1212则与 安装孔 22周围的颅骨接触, 从而可以对安装孔 22周围的颅骨进行铣削。 定位凸 台 111上开设有至少一个排气孔 1110。
[0102] 铣削刀口 121中第一底板 1211的直径不小于 26mm, 从而多个第一刀片 1212形成 的铣削面的直径不小于 26mm, 确保了所获得的安装面 21的直径不小于 26mm。 第一刀片 1212的铣削面为平面, 从而获得的安装面 21为平面, 便于与底面为平 面的 DBS基座 30贴合。
[0103] 请参阅图 12, 本实施例的目的还在于提供一种基座安装方法, 包括:
[0104] 步骤 S10: 在骨骼的预设位置开通安装孔。
[0105] 步骤 S20: 以安装孔为中心, 在安装孔周围的骨骼表面铣削出安装面。
[0106] 步骤 S30: 将基座固定于安装面。
[0107] 在一个实施例中, 基座为脑深部电刺激基座 (即 DBS基座) , DBS基座用于安 装在病人的颅骨上, 从而便于后续通过电极锁定装置将 DBS电极导线固定于所述 DBS基座上, 此时骨骼为颅骨。 在颅骨上开通安装孔, 是为了后续将 DBS电极置 入其中。 为了将 DBS电极固定, 因此需要在颅骨上安装 DBS基座。 当然, 在其他 实施例中, 骨骼还可以为其他部分的骨骼, 并不仅限于上述的情形。
[0108] 请参阅图 13 , 进一步地, 为了能够确定骨骼的预设位置, 在步骤 S10前还包括
[0109] 步骤 S01 : 在骨骼表面标记靶部位, 并将靶部位记为预设位置。
[0110] 进一步地, 在步骤 S10中, 安装孔的直径为 10mm~16mm, 例如可以为 14mm, 从而便于操作以及 DBS电极导线穿过固定。
[0111] 进一步地, 步骤 S20包括:
[0112] 步骤 S21 : 以安装孔的圆心为中心, 在骨骼表面以预设直径标记同心圆, 同心 圆内的区域为待削区域。 其中预设直径为不小于 26mm, 从而确保获得的安装面 21可完全容置 DBS基座。
[0113] 步骤 S22: 对待削区域进行铣削, 以获得安装面。 其铣削可以通过普通磨钻进 行, 也可以通过上述的骨骼钻头来进行, 只要能够获得适合的安装面即可。
[0114] 当 DBS基座的底面为平面时, 可以采用铣削面为平面的普通磨钻或者上述铣削 面为平面的骨骼钻头来进行。
[0115] 当 DBS基座的底面为内凹弧面时, 可以采用铣削面为内凹弧面的普通磨钻或者 上述铣削面为内凹弧面的骨骼钻头来进行。
[0116] 为了能够对 DBS基座起到隐藏作用, 避免从外观上看到隆起, 安装面相对于骨 骼表面的深度不小于 2mm, 从而可以对 DBS基座起到良好的隐藏作用。 例如, 当骨骼为颅骨时, 安装面相对于颅骨表面的深度不小于 DBS基座的厚度, DBS基 座可以完全容置在颅骨中, 从外观上看不到隆起。
[0117] 进一步地, 步骤 S30中 DBS基座通过至少两个螺钉固定于安装面, 确保固定牢 固, 同时操作简单。 当然, DBS基座还可以通过其他方式进行固定, 并不仅限于 上述的情形。
[0118] 进一步地, 在完成对 DBS基座的固定后, 还包括:
[0119] 步骤 S40: 通过电极锁定装置将电极导线固定于基座上。 此处电极导线可以为 DBS电极导线, 基座对应为 DBS基座; 当然, 电极导线也可以为其他类型, 此处 不做限定。
[0120] 目前在进行 DBS基座的固定时, 通常是直接将 DBS基座固定在颅骨表面, 然而 这种方式至少存在如下风险和缺陷:
[0121] ( 1) 通常 DBS基座的底面是平面, 而颅骨表面为弧面, 而且个体差异非常明 显, 因此在将 DBS基座固定后 DBS基座与颅骨表面之间存在明显的缝隙, 影响固 定效果。
[0122] (2) 由于 DBS基座无法与颅骨表面完全贴合, 而在固定过程中若固定过紧很 容易导致 DBS基座变形, 从而会影响后续电极锁定装置的固定, 进而影响 DBS电 极导线的稳定性。
[0123] (3) 由于 DBS基座在固定过程中容易发生变形, 长期的变形应力容易导致 DB
S基座发生位移, 从而导致 DBS电极导线固定失效。
[0124] (4) 进行 DBS手术多为中老年人病人, 中老年病人通常比较消痩, 目前的 DB
S基座固定方式容易导致头皮隆起明显, 头皮局部张力高, 影响切口愈合。
[0125] (5) 目前 DBS基座固定方式容易受外力作用, 导致 DBS电极损伤或头皮损伤
。 不仅如此, 头皮明显隆起影响美观, 对病人心理造成不良影响。
[0126] 本实施例则提出了一种全新的方案, 通过在颅骨上铣削出安装面, 将 DBS基座 固定在该安装面上, 从而实现对 DBS基座的固定, 至少具有以下有益效果:
[0127] ( 1) 由于安装面的形状与 DBS基座的底面形状相适应, 因此可以与 DBS基座 的底面完全贴合, 两者之间没有缝隙, 固定效果更佳。
[0128] (2) 由于 DBS基座与颅骨中的安装面完全贴合, 因此在固定过程中 DBS基座 不会变形, 有利于后续电极锁定装置的固定, 进而可以提高 DBS电极导线的稳定 性。
[0129] (3) 由于 DBS基座在固定过程中不会发生变形, 因此在长期使用过程中 DBS 基座也不会发生位移, 确保 DBS电极导线固定长期有效。
[0130] (4) 通过在颅骨上铣削安装面, DBS基座安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此不 会增加头皮局部张力, 有利于切口愈合。 同时不会影响病人的头部外观, 有利 于增强病人的治疗信心。
[0131] (5) 由于 DBS基座安装后不会导致头皮隆起, 因此在日常生活中 DBS基座不 会受到外力作用, 可以有效保护 DBS电极和头皮。
[0132] 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种骨骼钻头, 用于在骨骼铣削安装基座的安装面, 其特征在于, 所 述骨骼钻头包括定位组件和铣削组件;
所述定位组件包括定位凸台, 用于设置在所述骨骼预先开设的安装孔 中;
所述铣削组件包括铣削刀口和夹持部, 所述夹持部与所述铣削刀口连 接, 所述铣削刀口与所述定位凸台连接;
所述夹持部用于与外部动力装置连接, 且在所述外部动力装置的作用 下带动所述铣削刀口转动;
所述铣削刀口用于在所述安装孔周围铣削出所述安装面。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述铣削刀口包括第一 底板以及多个第一刀片;
所述夹持部和所述定位凸台分别设于所述第一底板相对两侧表面; 多个所述第一刀片设于所述第一底板的表面, 且与所述定位凸台位于 所述第一底板同侧, 所述第一刀片自所述定位凸台侧壁向所述第一底 板边缘延伸。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述第一底板的直径不 小于 26mm
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 2所述的骨骼钻头, 所述第一刀片的铣削面为平面;
或者, 所述第一刀片的铣削面为内凹弧面。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述定位凸台连接有导 板, 且所述导板沿所述定位凸台侧向延伸;
所述导板设有铣削通孔, 所述铣削组件容置于所述铣削通孔中。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 5所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述定位组件还包括旋 转手柄, 所述旋转手柄与所述定位凸台连接, 且所述旋转手柄和所述 定位凸台可相对转动。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 6所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述定位凸台设有容置 槽, 所述容置槽内设有轴承, 所述轴承的外圈与所述容置槽的侧壁接 触, 所述轴承的内圈与所述旋转手柄的一端连接。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 5所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述铣削刀口包括第二 底板以及多个第二刀片,
所述夹持部设于所述第二底板的一侧表面;
多个所述第二刀片设于所述第二底板的另一侧表面, 所述第二刀片自 所述第二底板中部向所述第二底板边缘延伸。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 5所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述铣削通孔的截面形 状为圆形, 所述定位凸台的半径与所述铣削通孔直径之和不小于 13m m。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 i所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述定位凸台的直径为 1
0mm〜 16mm°
[权利要求 11] 如权利要求 1所述的骨骼钻头, 其特征在于, 所述定位凸台上开设有 至少一个排气孔。
[权利要求 12] 一种基座安装方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
在骨骼的预设位置开通安装孔;
以所述安装孔为中心, 在所述安装孔周围的骨骼表面铣削出安装面; 将基座固定于所述安装面。
[权利要求 13] 如权利要求 12所述的基座安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述在骨骼的预设 位置开通安装孔步骤前还包括:
在所述骨骼表面标记靶部位, 并将所述靶部位记为所述预设位置。
[权利要求 14] 如权利要求 12所述的基座安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述以所述安装孔 为中心, 在所述安装孔周围的骨骼表面铣削出安装面步骤包括: 以所述安装孔的圆心为中心, 在所述骨骼表面以预设直径标记同心圆 , 所述同心圆内的区域为待削区域;
采用平头磨钻或权利要求 1所述的骨骼钻头铣削所述待削区域, 以获 得所述安装面。
[权利要求 15] 如权利要求 14所述的基座安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述安装面相对于 所述骨骼表面的深度不小于 2mm; 所述安装孔的直径为 10mm 16mm
[权利要求 16] 如权利要求 12所述的基座安装方法, 其特征在于, 所述将基座固定于 所述安装面步骤后还包括:
通过电极锁定装置将电极导线固定于所述基座上。
PCT/CN2019/072162 2019-01-17 2019-01-17 一种骨骼钻头及基座安装方法 WO2020147066A1 (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2022414B1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2009-12-02 Medicon Eg Chirurgiemechaniker-Genossenschaft Schädelbohrer
CN202982131U (zh) * 2012-06-24 2013-06-12 孟凡刚 开颅手术用的辅助钻
US20150164517A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2015-06-18 N. G Med Single Member Private Company Device for forming an opening adapted to receive a cranial plug
WO2016059608A1 (en) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Promev S.R.L. Cranial drilling device
CN205988306U (zh) * 2016-05-18 2017-03-01 湘南学院 一种电动开颅钻钻头
CN109549683A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-02 王爱香 一种神经外科手术用钻颅器

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2022414B1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2009-12-02 Medicon Eg Chirurgiemechaniker-Genossenschaft Schädelbohrer
US20150164517A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2015-06-18 N. G Med Single Member Private Company Device for forming an opening adapted to receive a cranial plug
CN202982131U (zh) * 2012-06-24 2013-06-12 孟凡刚 开颅手术用的辅助钻
WO2016059608A1 (en) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Promev S.R.L. Cranial drilling device
CN205988306U (zh) * 2016-05-18 2017-03-01 湘南学院 一种电动开颅钻钻头
CN109549683A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-02 王爱香 一种神经外科手术用钻颅器

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