WO2020147034A1 - 心肺复苏指导方法、指导装置及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

心肺复苏指导方法、指导装置及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147034A1
WO2020147034A1 PCT/CN2019/071989 CN2019071989W WO2020147034A1 WO 2020147034 A1 WO2020147034 A1 WO 2020147034A1 CN 2019071989 W CN2019071989 W CN 2019071989W WO 2020147034 A1 WO2020147034 A1 WO 2020147034A1
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Prior art keywords
patient
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
signal
rescuer
module
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PCT/CN2019/071989
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王启
丁燕琼
左鹏飞
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/071989 priority Critical patent/WO2020147034A1/zh
Priority to CN201980066452.0A priority patent/CN112839576B/zh
Publication of WO2020147034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147034A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H31/00—Artificial respiration by a force applied to the chest; Heart stimulation, e.g. heart massage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method, cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device and computer readable storage medium.
  • cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the only effective way to rescue patients with cardiac arrest.
  • the defibrillator is mainly used for defibrillation treatment of dangerous diseases such as ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation.
  • Automatic defibrillator (AED) is a defibrillator that is expected to be used in public places (airports, stations and other crowded places). Unlike conventional defibrillators in hospitals, AEDs are generally used by emergency personnel who have received basic first aid training. For first-aid personnel in public places, most first-aid training cycles are 1-2 years or longer. In the actual rescue, it is common to be rushed or unfamiliar with the operation. This situation will directly affect the rescue effect, and even lead to The rescue failed. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the basic skill of first aid in public places. How to ensure high-quality chest compressions will directly determine the actual rescue effect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method, which includes:
  • prompt information is issued, and the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method of the embodiment of the present invention first obtains the chest impedance waveform diagram of the patient during rescue, then compares the obtained chest impedance waveform diagram with the preset waveform diagram, and finally sends out prompt information to guide according to the comparison result The rescuer rescues the patient.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to guide the actual rescue process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and helps to ensure the quality of chest compressions.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device, which includes:
  • the first acquisition module is used to acquire the patient's chest impedance waveform during rescue;
  • the comparison module is used to compare the chest impedance waveform diagram with a preset waveform diagram
  • the guidance module is used to send out prompt information according to the comparison result, and the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program for cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance, where the computer program for cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance is executed when executed: the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for measuring a patient's body impedance value in a cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a flowchart of an eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method includes but is not limited to steps S100, S200, and S300.
  • steps S100, S200, and S300 are as follows.
  • impedance refers to the hindering effect on the current in the circuit in a circuit with resistance, inductance and capacitance.
  • the method of obtaining the chest impedance waveform of the patient during rescue may be one acquisition or multiple acquisitions.
  • the process of obtaining the chest impedance waveform of the patient during rescue can be synchronized with the process of comparing the chest impedance waveform with the preset waveform, that is, while obtaining the chest impedance waveform of the patient during rescue, the acquired part of the chest impedance
  • the waveform diagram is compared with the preset waveform diagram to guide the rescuer in real time, so that the rescuer can quickly respond according to the guidance, so as to improve the timeliness of the rescue of the patient, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of chest compressions. quality.
  • the preset waveform can be a chest impedance waveform when rescuing a patient under ideal conditions.
  • the preset waveform diagram may be an ideal waveform diagram obtained through multiple experiments, and the preset waveform diagram refers to a waveform diagram obtained when the rescuer has sufficient physical strength and concentrated attention.
  • the preset waveform diagram may also be a waveform diagram downloaded from a database of an authoritative organization, so as to ensure that the obtained preset waveform diagram conforms to standard specifications.
  • the preset waveform diagram may be a preset waveform diagram obtained after neural network model training. Acquire a large number of chest impedance waveforms when rescuing patients, and input the acquired chest impedance waveforms into the neural network model, and perform algorithmic processing on the input chest impedance waveforms through the data in the database, and output the results. The result can be considered as an ideal preset waveform, which meets the relevant standards.
  • the preset waveform graph it may be obtained by downloading in real time, or it may be obtained by pre-stored.
  • the acquired preset waveforms can be the latest released waveforms, that is, the acquired preset waveforms are waveforms that comply with the latest specifications, so as to ensure Follow the latest standards when instructing patients on cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
  • the preset waveforms are stored in advance, the time spent in the download process can be avoided, and the preset waveforms can be quickly used to complete the process of comparing with the acquired waveforms, so as to ensure the rescuer
  • the timeliness of the guidance ensures the quality of chest compressions.
  • the "S200: compare the chest impedance waveform graph with a preset waveform graph” includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • the waveform parameters of the chest impedance waveform diagram are compared with the waveform parameters of the preset waveform diagram, wherein the waveform parameters include at least one of frequency, amplitude, and period.
  • S300 Send prompt information according to the comparison result, where the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient.
  • the waveform diagram obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform diagram, and the comparison index may be the frequency, amplitude, and complete cycle of the two waveform diagrams. Then the rescuer is fed back to the rescuer in real time according to the comparison result, and then the rescuer rescues the patient according to the comparison result. Please refer to the following introduction for specific guidance, but I will not explain it here.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method of the embodiment of the present invention first obtains the chest impedance waveform of the patient during rescue, and then compares the obtained chest impedance waveform with a preset waveform, where the preset waveform is an ideal rescue The chest impedance waveform of the patient, and finally the rescuer is guided to rescue the patient according to the comparison result.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to guide the actual rescue process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and helps to ensure the quality of chest compressions.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method.
  • the difference is that the step "S200: compare the frequency corresponding to the chest impedance waveform with the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform" and step “S300 : Send out prompt information according to the comparison result, and the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient" including but not limited to steps S210 and S220.
  • the details of steps S210 and S220 are as follows.
  • frequency is the number of times the periodic changes are completed per unit time, and is a quantity describing the frequency of periodic motion. Under normal circumstances, for unskilled rescuers, when performing chest compressions on patients, it may be out of fear.
  • the compression frequency is usually lower than the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform, and the preset waveform corresponds to the standard
  • the compression frequency is usually 100 ppm.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time.
  • the rescuer is prompted Accelerate the compression speed when performing chest compressions on patients to ensure the quality of chest compressions performed on patients.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time.
  • the obtained chest impedance waveform corresponds to a frequency greater than the preset waveform
  • the frequency corresponds to the graph
  • it prompts the rescuer to slow down the compression speed when performing chest compressions on the patient to ensure the quality of chest compressions on the patient.
  • no prompt message is sent, or the compression is normal, please continue to maintain the current compression frequency.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method. The difference is that step "S200: compare the frequency corresponding to the chest impedance waveform with the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform" and step “S300 : Send out prompt information according to the comparison result.
  • the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient" including but not limited to steps S230 and S240.
  • the details of steps S230 and S240 are as follows.
  • the amplitude is half of the distance from the peak to the trough in a period.
  • the compression amplitude is usually less than the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time.
  • the rescuer increases the compression depth when performing chest compressions on patients to ensure the quality of chest compressions on patients.
  • the compression depth is related to the compression strength to a certain extent. Therefore, the compression strength can be increased to increase the compression depth when performing chest compressions on the patient.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time, and when it is detected that the obtained chest impedance waveform corresponds to an amplitude smaller than the preset
  • the rescuer is prompted to reduce the compression depth when performing chest compressions on the patient, so as to ensure the quality of chest compressions on the patient.
  • no prompt message is sent, or the compression is normal, please continue to maintain the current compression depth.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method.
  • the step "S200: compare the frequency corresponding to the chest impedance waveform with the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform” and step "S300 : Send out prompt information according to the comparison result, and the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient” includes but is not limited to steps S250 and S260.
  • the details of steps S250 and S260 are as follows.
  • S250 Compare the chest impedance waveform with the preset waveform to determine whether the period of the chest impedance waveform is complete.
  • the period is the time required to complete a complete waveform change. Since there is a corresponding relationship between the cycle of chest compressions and the frequency of heart beats, whether the chest compressions cycle is complete will directly affect the frequency of heart beats.
  • the standard preset waveforms generally show obvious periodic changes. For unskilled rescuers, the acquired chest impedance waveforms during the rescue of patients usually do not have obvious cycles. Therefore, you can obtain Whether the period of the obtained chest impedance waveform is complete is used to judge whether the chest compression during the rescue of the patient meets the standard, and then inform the rescuer to adopt the corresponding guidance strategy to rescue the patient.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time.
  • the compression strength will also affect the period corresponding to the acquired chest impedance waveform. Therefore, in some implementations, it is also necessary to adjust the compression strength during chest compression. The compression strength can be increased to ensure that the patient is The completeness of the cycle during chest compressions.
  • the chest impedance waveform obtained during the rescue of the patient is compared with the preset waveform in real time.
  • the period corresponding to the obtained chest impedance waveform is incomplete, Rescuers are prompted to reduce the speed at which their hands leave the patient's body to ensure the quality of chest compressions.
  • no prompt message will be sent, or the compression is normal, please continue to maintain the current compression state.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method. The difference is that before step “S100: Obtain the patient’s chest impedance waveform during rescue”, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method also includes but is not limited to steps S80 and S90, the details of steps S80 and S90 are as follows.
  • S80 Stick the electrode pads on the preset part of the patient's body, and obtain the initial impedance value of the patient before rescue.
  • the attachment of the electrode pads is equivalent to the pretreatment process of chest compressions.
  • the initial impedance is equivalent to the impedance value of the patient's body at rest.
  • the initial impedance value of the patient without chest compressions it can be judged whether the electrode pads are properly attached. If the electrode pads are properly attached to the preset part of the patient's body, then the subsequent chest compression process can be started on the patient. On the contrary, if the electrode pads are not properly attached to the preset part of the patient's body, then adjustment is required The position of the electrode pads on the patient's body so that the electrode pads are in a normal fit state.
  • S90 Determine whether the electrode sheet is in a normal bonding state according to the initial impedance value.
  • the resistance value corresponding to the electrode sheet in the normal bonding state should be in the range of 100 ohm to 600 ohm.
  • the resistance value measured from the electrode sheet is greater than 600 ohms, the possible reason is that the electrode sheet is not completely attached to the patient's body, so that the resistance detection circuit on the electrode sheet has an open circuit effect.
  • the resistance measured according to the electrode sheet is less than 100 ohms, the possible reason is that the distance between the two electrode sheets is too close. Therefore, the distance between the two electrode sheets needs to be adjusted adaptively to make the The measured resistance is within the preset range. Among them, there is a corresponding relationship between the resistance value and the impedance. When the resistance value is within the preset range, the impedance also conforms to the normal value.
  • the schematic circuit diagram shown in FIG. 6 can be used for the measurement of the patient's body impedance value.
  • the equivalent impedance is shown in Figure 6.
  • Z1 and Z2 are equivalent impedance models of the electrode sheet contacting the human body.
  • an AC carrier signal of a certain frequency is driven to the human body, a certain signal amplitude can be obtained on the human chest resistance Z3, and the corresponding impedance value can be obtained by sampling the signal amplitude at both ends of Z3 and calculating through a certain algorithm.
  • a stable impedance value can be measured by the AC small signal method.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method.
  • the step "S90: Determine whether the electrode pads are in a normal fit state according to the initial impedance value” includes but is not limited to steps S91, S92 and S93, steps S91, S92 and S93 are introduced as follows.
  • S91 Determine whether the initial impedance value is between the first threshold and the second threshold, where the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
  • the first threshold may be an impedance value corresponding to a 100 ohm resistor
  • the second threshold may be an impedance value corresponding to a 600 ohm resistor.
  • the patient can be subjected to chest compressions.
  • the rescuer needs to be reminded to re-attach the electrode pads.
  • the electrode pads are in a normal attached state, the patient's chest compression operation is performed.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method. The difference is that in step "S92: when the initial impedance value is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it is determined that the electrode pad is in a normal position.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method also includes but is not limited to steps S921, S922, S923 and S924.
  • the steps S921, S922, S923 and S924 are introduced as follows.
  • electrocardiogram is a technology that uses an electrocardiogram machine to record the pattern of changes in electrical activity generated by the heart in each cardiac cycle from the body surface.
  • S922 Determine whether the patient is in a shockable rhythm state according to the electrocardiogram signal.
  • the shockable rhythm refers to a state that satisfies electrical defibrillation.
  • Electrical defibrillation is a method in which a certain amount of electric current is applied to the heart to terminate ventricular fibrillation. It is an effective method for treating ventricular fibrillation.
  • direct current defibrillation is generally used.
  • electric discharge therapy is electric defibrillation therapy.
  • the charging circuit is pre-charged in advance, so that the energy storage unit stores enough power.
  • the rescuer is directly prompted to discharge the patient, thereby saving charging
  • the stored time helps to improve the timeliness of the rescue of the patient, thereby ensuring the quality of chest compressions for the patient.
  • This rescue method is a semi-automatic rescue method and requires the rescuer to participate in the defibrillation discharge treatment .
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method. The difference is that in step “S92: when the initial impedance value is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it is determined that the electrode pad is in a normal position.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method also includes but is not limited to steps S925, S926 and S927.
  • the steps S925, S926 and S927 are introduced as follows.
  • electrocardiogram is a technology that uses an electrocardiogram machine to record the pattern of changes in electrical activity generated by the heart in each cardiac cycle from the body surface.
  • S926 Determine whether the patient is in a shockable rhythm state according to the electrocardiogram signal.
  • the shockable rhythm refers to a state that satisfies electrical defibrillation.
  • Electrical defibrillation is a method in which a certain amount of electric current is applied to the heart to terminate ventricular fibrillation. It is an effective method for treating ventricular fibrillation.
  • direct current defibrillation is generally used.
  • the automatic external defibrillation equipment has a timing circuit.
  • the timing circuit When the patient meets the conditions for electric shock defibrillation, the timing circuit is turned on immediately.
  • the timing circuit has a countdown function. After a preset time period, the patient is automatically treated with electric shock defibrillation, thereby The rescue time can be controlled more accurately.
  • This rescue method is a fully automatic rescue method, which does not require the rescuer to participate in the defibrillation discharge treatment, and is automatically completed by the automatic external defibrillation equipment itself.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method is basically the same as the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method.
  • the difference is that "S925: Obtain the patient's electrocardiogram signal" includes but not limited to steps S9251, S9252 and S9253, regarding steps S9251, S9252 and S9253
  • the detailed introduction is as follows.
  • S9252 Determine whether there is a second signal characterizing a pacemaker in the first signal.
  • the pacemaker is an important part of the pacing system.
  • the pacing system consists of a pacemaker, a pacing electrode lead and a programming instrument.
  • the pacemaker and the pacing electrode lead are implanted in the human body.
  • the pacemaker consists of a circuit and battery installed in a metal box.
  • the pacemaker sends out tiny electrical pulses to the heart when needed, and the pacing electrode lead is composed of insulated wires, which are responsible for sending tiny electrical pulses to the heart to stimulate the heart to beat.
  • the pacemaker When the patient is wearing a pacemaker, the pacemaker will interfere with the determination of whether the patient meets the electric shock condition. Therefore, the interference of the pacemaker can be removed in this embodiment to avoid misjudgment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 includes but is not limited to a first acquisition module 100, a comparison module 200, and a guidance module 300.
  • the first acquisition module 100, the comparison module 200 and the guidance module 300 are introduced as follows.
  • the first acquiring module 100 is used to acquire the chest impedance waveform of the patient during rescue.
  • the comparison module 200 is used to compare the chest impedance waveform graph with a preset waveform graph.
  • the preset waveform can be a chest impedance waveform when rescuing a patient under ideal conditions.
  • the comparison module 200 includes a sub-comparison module 201 configured to compare the waveform parameters of the chest impedance waveform diagram with the waveform parameters of the preset waveform diagram, wherein the The waveform parameter includes at least one of frequency, amplitude, and period.
  • the guidance module 300 is configured to issue prompt information according to the comparison result, and the prompt information is used to guide the rescuer to rescue the patient.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the second cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10.
  • the difference is that the comparison module 200 includes but is not limited to a first comparison module 210 and a first sending module 220.
  • the first comparison module 210 and the first sending module 220 are introduced as follows.
  • the first comparison module 210 is configured to compare the frequency corresponding to the chest impedance waveform diagram with the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform diagram.
  • the first sending module 220 is used to send a prompt message to the rescuer when the frequency corresponding to the chest impedance waveform is less than the frequency corresponding to the preset waveform, and the prompt information prompts the rescuer to increase the compression when performing chest compressions on the patient speed.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the third cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10.
  • the difference is that the comparison module 200 includes but is not limited to a second comparison module 230 and a second sending module 240.
  • the second comparison module 230 and the second sending module 240 are introduced as follows.
  • the second comparison module 230 is used to compare the amplitude corresponding to the chest impedance waveform graph with the amplitude corresponding to the preset waveform graph.
  • the second sending module 240 is used to send a prompt message to the rescuer when the amplitude corresponding to the chest impedance waveform is less than the amplitude corresponding to the preset waveform, and the prompt information prompts the rescuer to increase chest compressions on the patient The depth of compression.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the fourth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10.
  • the difference is that the comparison module 200 includes but is not limited to a third comparison module 250 and a third sending module 260.
  • the third comparison module 250 and the third sending module 260 are introduced as follows.
  • the third comparison module 250 is used to compare the chest impedance waveform diagram with the preset waveform diagram to determine whether the period of the chest impedance waveform diagram is complete.
  • the third sending module 260 is used to send a prompt message to the rescuer when the cycle of the chest impedance waveform is incomplete, and the prompt information prompts the rescuer to press the patient's chest and raise the rescuer's hand to leave the patient's body speed.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10. The difference is that the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 also includes, but is not limited to, a second acquisition module 110 and a judgment module 500.
  • the second acquisition module 110 and the judgment module 500 are introduced as follows.
  • the second acquiring module 110 is used for sticking the electrode pads to a preset part of the patient's body, and acquiring the initial impedance value of the patient when not being rescued.
  • the judging module 500 is used for judging whether the electrode sheet is in a normal bonding state according to the initial impedance value.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the sixth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the fifth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10.
  • the difference is that the judgment module 500 includes, but is not limited to, a first sub-judgment module 510, a first judgment module 520, and a
  • the second determination module 530, the first sub-determination module 510, the first determination module 520, and the second determination module 530 are introduced as follows.
  • the first sub-judging module 510 is used to judge whether the initial impedance value is between a first threshold and a second threshold, where the first threshold is smaller than the second threshold.
  • the first determining module 520 is configured to determine that the electrode sheet is in a normal bonding state when the initial impedance value is between the first threshold and the second threshold.
  • the second determination module 530 is used to determine that the electrode sheet is in an abnormally fitted state when the initial impedance value is less than the first threshold value or the initial impedance value is greater than the second threshold value, and send a prompt message to the rescuer to guide the rescuer Reattach the electrode pads.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the seventh cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10. The difference is that the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 also includes but is not limited to a third acquisition module 120 and a second sub-judgment module 540.
  • the third obtaining module 120, the second sub-judging module 540, the opening module 410 and the prompting module 600 are introduced as follows.
  • the third acquisition module 120 is used to acquire the electrocardiogram signal of the patient.
  • the second sub-judging module 540 is used for judging whether the patient is in a shockable rhythm state according to the electrocardiogram signal.
  • the turn-on module 410 is used to turn on the charging circuit when the patient is in a shockable rhythm state.
  • the prompt module 600 is used to prompt the rescuer to turn on the discharge circuit to perform discharge treatment on the patient after the charging circuit is fully charged.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the eighth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10, except that the first acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the patient's electrocardiogram signal.
  • the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 further includes but is not limited to a third sub-judgment module 500 and a discharge module 700.
  • the third sub-judgment module 550 and the discharge module 700 are introduced as follows.
  • the third sub-judging module 550 is used for judging whether the patient is in a shockable rhythm state according to the electrocardiogram signal.
  • the discharge module 700 is used to automatically perform discharge treatment on the patient when the patient is in the shockable rhythm state, after a preset time period has elapsed.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the ninth cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10 is basically the same as that of the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device 10.
  • the difference is that the first acquisition module 100 includes but is not limited to a detection module 800, a fourth sub-judgment module 560, and a device.
  • the setting module 900, the detection module 800, the fourth sub-judging module 560, and the setting module 900 are introduced as follows.
  • the detection module 800 is used to detect the first signal when the electrode sheet is attached to the patient's body.
  • the fourth sub-judgment module 560 is used to judge whether there is a second signal that characterizes the pacemaker in the first signal.
  • the setting module 900 is used to subtract the second signal from the first signal to obtain the electrocardiogram signal when the second signal characterizing the pacemaker exists in the first signal, and when the second signal characterizing the pacemaker does not exist in the first signal Signal, set the first signal as the ECG signal.
  • the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program for cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance, where the computer program for cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance is executed when it is executed: the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method provided in any of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program.
  • the computer program is operable to cause a computer to execute any of the above-mentioned cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance method embodiments. Part or all of the steps of a method.
  • the computer program product may be a software installation package, and the computer includes a cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidance device.
  • the disclosed device may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into Another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable memory.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a memory, A number of instructions are included to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
  • the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, and the memory can include: a flash disk , Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • magnetic disk or optical disk etc.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种心肺复苏指导方法、心肺复苏指导装置及计算机可读存储介质，所述心肺复苏指导方法包括：获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图；将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对，其中，所述预设波形图为理想情况下抢救患者时的胸阻抗波形图；根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。本发明实施例提供的心肺复苏指导方法用于指导心肺复苏的实际抢救过程，有助于保证胸外按压的质量。

Description

心肺复苏指导方法、指导装置及计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗仪器领域，尤其涉及一种心肺复苏指导方法、心肺复苏指导装置及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
目前，心肺复苏(Cardiopulmonary resuscitation，CPR)是抢救心脏骤停患者的唯一有效途径。除颤仪主要用于对心脏室颤，房颤等危险病症进行除颤治疗。自动除颤仪(AED)是一种预期应用在公共场合(机场，车站等人流密集场所)的除颤仪。与院内常规除颤仪不一样，AED一般由经过基本急救培训的急救人员使用。对于公共场所急救人员，绝大部分急救培训周期为1-2年或更久，在实际抢救时比较普遍的会出现手忙脚乱或不熟悉操作的情况，该种情况会直接影响抢救效果，甚至会导致抢救失败。心肺复苏操作是公共场所急救的基本技能，如何保证高质量的胸外按压将直接决定的实际抢救效果。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种心肺复苏指导方法，所述心肺复苏指导方法包括：
获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图；
将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对；
根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
本发明实施例的心肺复苏指导方法，首先获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图，然后将获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对，最后根据比对的结果来发出提示信息指导施救者对患者进行抢救。本发明实施例提供的心肺复苏指导方法用于指导心肺复苏的实际抢救过程，有助于保证胸外按压的质量。
本发明实施例还提供一种心肺复苏指导装置，所述心肺复苏指导装置包括：
第一获取模块，用于获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图；
比对模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对；
指导模块，用于根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其存储用于心肺复苏指导的计算机程序，其中，所述心肺复苏指导的计算机程序被执行的时候执行：如上所述的心肺复苏指导方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的第一种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图2是本发明实施例提供的第二种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的第三种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的第四种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的第五种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图6是本发明实施例提供的心肺复苏指导方法中测量患者身体阻抗值的电路示意图。
图7是本发明实施例提供的第六种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图8是本发明实施例提供的第七种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图9是本发明实施例提供的第八种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图10是本发明实施例提供的第九种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。
图11是本发明实施例提供的第一种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图12是本发明实施例提供的第二种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图13是本发明实施例提供的第三种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图14是本发明实施例提供的第四种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图15是本发明实施例提供的第五种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图16是本发明实施例提供的第六种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图17是本发明实施例提供的第七种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图18是本发明实施例提供的第八种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
图19是本发明实施例提供的第九种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明实施例提供的第一种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。在本实施例中，心肺复苏指导方法包括但不限于步骤S100、S200和S300，关于步骤S100、S200和S300的详细介绍如下。
S100：获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图。
其中，阻抗是指在具有电阻、电感和电容的电路里，对电路中的电流所起的阻碍作用。
获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图的方式可以是一次获取，也可以是多次获取。获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图的过程可以和胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对的过程同步进行，即一边获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图，一边将获取到的部分胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对，从而实时的对施救者进行指导，使得施救者可以快速根据指导做出回应，以便于提高对患者进行抢救的时效性，从而确保胸外按压的质量。
S200：将胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对。
其中，预设波形图可以为理想情况下抢救患者时的胸阻抗波形图。
在一实施方式中，预设波形图可以是通过多次试验获取到的理想的波形图，预设波形图是指施救者体力充足，且注意力较集中的情况下获取到的波形图。
在另一实施方式中，预设波形图还可以是从权威机构的数据库中下载到的波形图，从而确保获取到的预设波形图是符合标准规范的。
在又一种实施方式中，预设波形图可以是通过神经网络模型训练后得到的预设波形图。通过大量获取抢救患者时的胸阻抗波形图，并将获取到的胸阻抗波形图输入到神经网络模型中，通过数据库中的数据对输入的胸阻抗波形图进行算法处理，并将结果输出，输出的结果可以认为是理想的预设波形图，符合相关标准。
进一步的，对于预设波形图，可以是实时下载获取的，也可以是预先存储得到的。当预设波形图采用实时下载的方式获取，可以使得获取到的预设波形图为最新发布的波形图，也就是说，获取到的预设波形图是符合最新规范的波形图，从而可以确保对患者进行心肺复苏指导时符合最新标准。当预设波形图是预先存储得到的，就可以避免下载过程中所耗费的时间，可以快速的采用预设波形图完成与获取到的波形图进行比对的过程，从而确保对施救者进行指导的时效性，进而保证胸外按压的质量。
所述“S200：将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对”包括但不限于如下步骤。
将所述胸阻抗波形图的波形参数与预设波形图的波形参数进行比对，其中，所述波形参数包括频率、幅值、周期中的至少一种。
S300：根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
其中，将对患者进行抢救时获取到的波形图与预设波形图进行比对，比对的指标可以是比对两个波形图的频率、幅值以及完整周期等情况。然后根据比对结果实时反馈给施救者，然后施救者根据对比结果对患者进行抢救。具体指导方式参见后面的介绍，这里不过多说明。
本发明实施例的心肺复苏指导方法，首先获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图，然后将获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对，其中，预设波形图为理想情况下抢救患者时的胸阻抗波形图，最后根据比对的结果来指导施救者对患者进行抢救。本发明实施例提供的心肺复苏指导方法用于指导心肺复苏的实际抢救过程，有助于保证胸外按压的质量。
请继续参阅图2，图2是本发明实施例提供的第二种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第二种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，步骤“S200：将胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率进行比较”以及步骤“S300：根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括但不限于步骤S210和S220，关于步骤S210和S220的详细介绍如下。
S210：将胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率进行比较。
其中，频率是单位时间内完成周期性变化的次数，是描述周期运动频繁程度的量。一般情况下，对于不熟练的施救者而言，对患者进行胸外按压时，可能是出于畏惧心理，按压的频率通常会小于预设波形图对应的频率，预设波形图对应的标准按压频率通常为100ppm。
S220：当胸阻抗波形图对应的频率小于预设波形图对应的频率时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者提高对患者进行胸外按压时的按压速度。
将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的频率小于预设波形图对应的频率时，提示施救者加快对患者进行胸外按压时的按压速度，以确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量。
可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的频率大于预设波形图对应的频率时，提示施救者减缓对患者进行胸外按压时的按压速度，以确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量。当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率保持一致时，不发出提示信息，或者提示按压正常，请 继续保持当前的按压频率。
请继续参阅图3，图3是本发明实施例提供的第三种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第三种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，步骤“S200：将胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率进行比较”以及步骤“S300：根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括但不限于步骤S230和S240，关于步骤S230和S240的详细介绍如下。
S230：将胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值与预设波形图对应的幅值进行比较。
其中，幅值是在一个周期内，波峰到波谷的距离的一半。一般情况下，对于不熟练的施救者而言，对患者进行胸外按压时，可能是出于畏惧心理，按压的幅值通常会小于预设波形图对应的频率。
将获取到的胸阻抗波形图的幅值与预设波形图的幅值进行比较，只需要将预设波形图的幅值与获取到的胸阻抗波形图的幅值进行差值运算，可以非常直观的获取到获取到的胸阻抗波形图的幅值与预设波形图的幅值之间的差值，从而可以根据差值对施救者的胸外按压过程进行实时指导，以提高胸外按压的按压质量。
S240：当胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于预设波形图对应的幅值时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度。
将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于预设波形图对应的幅值时，提示施救者增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度，以确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量。
其中，按压深度在一定程度上与按压力度有关，因此，可以通过增加按压力度以增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度。
可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于预设波形图对应的幅值时，提示施救者减小对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度，以确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量。当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值与预设波形图对应的幅值保持一致时，不发出提示信息，或者提示按压正常，请继续保持当前的按压深度。
请继续参阅图4，图4是本发明实施例提供的第四种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第四种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，步骤“S200：将胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率进行比较”以及步骤“S300：根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括但不限于步骤S250和S260，关于步骤S250和S260的详细介绍如下。
S250：将胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比较，以判断胸阻抗波形图的周期是否完整。
其中，周期是完成一次完整的波形变化所需要的时间。由于胸外按压的周期与心脏跳动的频率之间具有对应关系，因此，胸外按压周期是否完整将直接影响心脏的跳动频率。标准的预设波形图一般是呈现出明显的周期性变化，而对于不熟练的施救者而言，获取到的抢救患者的时的胸阻抗波形图通常没有明显的周期，因此，可以根据获取到的胸阻抗波形图的周期是否完整来判断对患者进行抢救时的胸外按压是否符合标准，进而告知施救者采用相应的指导策略对患者进行抢救。
S260：当胸阻抗波形图的周期不完整时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者对患者进行胸外按压时，提高施救者的手离开患者身体的速度。
将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的周期不完整时，表明对患者进行胸外按压时的按压回弹不充分，提示施救者对患者进行胸外按压时，提高施救者的手离开患者身体的速度。此外，按压力度也会对获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的周期产生影响，因此，在一些实施方式中，还需要同步调整胸外按压时的按压力度，可以通过增加按压力度以保证对患者进行胸外按压时的周期的完整性。
可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，将对患者进行抢救时获取到的胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行实时比对，当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的周期不完整时，提示施救者减小手离开患者身体的速度，以确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量。当检测到获取到的胸阻抗波形图对应的波形完整程度与预设波形图对应的波形完整程度保持一致时，不发出提示信息，或者提示按压正常，请继续保持当前的按压状态。
请继续参阅图5，图5是本发明实施例提供的第五种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第五种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，在步骤“S100：获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图”之前，心肺复苏指导方法还包括但不限于步骤S80和S90，关于步骤S80和S90的详细介绍如下。
S80：将电极片黏贴于患者身体的预设部位，并获取未抢救时患者的初始阻抗值。
其中，电极片是否正常的贴合于患者身体的预设部位直接影响到胸外按压时的按压质量，因此，电极片的贴合相当于是胸外按压的预处理过程。
初始阻抗相当于静态时的患者身体的阻抗值。通过测量未对患者进行胸外按压时的初始阻抗值，以此来判断电极片是否贴好。如果电极片正常贴合在患者身体的预设部位，那么就可以开始对患者进行后续的胸外按压过程，相反，如果电极片没有正常的贴合于患者身体的预设部位，那么就需要调整电极片在患者身体上的位置，以使得电极片处于正常贴合的状态。
S90：根据初始阻抗值判断电极片是否处于正常贴合状态。
具体的，处于正常贴合状态的电极片对应的阻值应该位于100欧姆到600欧姆之间的范围内。当根据电极片测量到的阻值大于600欧姆时，可能原因是电极片没有完全的贴合于患者身体，从而使得电极片上检测电阻的电路呈现开路的效果。当根据电极片测量到的阻值小于100欧姆时，可能原因是两个电极片之间的距离太近，因此，需要对两个电极片之间的距离进行适应性调整，以使得根据电极片测量到的阻值位于预设范围内。其中，阻值与阻抗之间具有对应关系，当阻值位于预设范围内时，阻抗也符合正常值。
进一步的，继续参阅图6，针对患者身体阻抗值的测量，可以采用如图6的电路示意图。当电极片连接在人体时，等效阻抗如图6所示。其中Z1和Z2为电极片与人体接触的等效阻抗模型。当一定频率的交流载波信号驱动到人体时，在人体胸阻Z3上可得到一定的信号幅度，通过采样Z3两端的信号幅度，经过一定算法进行计算后可得到相应阻抗值。当电极片与人体连接良好时，通过交流小信号方法可测量得到稳定的阻抗值。
请继续参阅图7，图7是本发明实施例提供的第六种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第六种心肺复苏指导方法与第五种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，步骤“S90：根据初始阻抗值判断电极片是否处于正常贴合状态”包括但不 限于步骤S91、S92和S93，关于步骤S91、S92和S93介绍如下。
S91：判断初始阻抗值是否位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间，其中，第一阈值小于第二阈值。
其中，第一阈值可以为100欧姆的电阻对应的阻抗值，第二阈值可以为600欧姆的电阻对应的阻抗值。
S92：当初始阻抗值位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间时，判定电极片处于正常贴合状态。
当电极片处于正常贴合状态时，可以对患者进行胸外按压操作。
S93：当初始阻抗值小于第一阈值，或者，初始阻抗值大于第二阈值时，判定电极片处于非正常贴合状态，向施救者发出提示信息以指导施救者重新贴合电极片。
当电极片处于非正常贴合状态时，需要提醒施救者重新贴合电极片，当电极片处于正常贴合状态时，再对患者进行胸外按压操作。
请继续参阅图8，图8是本发明实施例提供的第七种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第七种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，在步骤“S92：当初始阻抗值位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间时，判定电极片处于正常贴合状态”之后，心肺复苏指导方法还包括但不限于步骤S921、S922、S923和S924，关于步骤S921、S922、S923和S924介绍如下。
S921：获取患者的心电图信号。
其中，心电图(electrocardiogram，ECG)是利用心电图机从体表记录心脏每一心动周期所产生的电活动变化图形的技术。
S922：根据心电图信号判断患者是否处于可电击节律状态。
其中，可电击节律是指满足电除颤的状态。电除颤是以一定量的电流冲击心脏从而使室颤终止的方法，是治疗心室纤颤的有效方法。目前除心脏手术过程中还有用交流电进行体内除颤(室颤)外，一般都用直流电除颤。
S923：当患者处于可电击节律状态时，开启充电电路。
S924：待充电电路完成充电之后，提示施救者开启放电电路以对患者进行放电治疗。
其中，放电治疗即为电除颤治疗。在一实施方式中，对充电电路提前进行预充电，以使得储能单元储存足够的电量，当检测到患者处于可电击节律状态时，直接提示施救者对患者进行放电治疗，从而可以节省充电储存的时间，有助于提高对患者进行抢救时的时效性，进而确保对患者进行胸外按压的质量，这种抢救方式是一种半自动式的抢救方式，需要施救者参与除颤放电治疗。
请继续参阅图9，图9是本发明实施例提供的第八种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第八种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，在步骤“S92：当初始阻抗值位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间时，判定电极片处于正常贴合状态”之后，心肺复苏指导方法还包括但不限于步骤S925、S926和S927，关于步骤S925、S926和S927介绍如下。
S925：获取患者的心电图信号。
其中，心电图(electrocardiogram，ECG)是利用心电图机从体表记录心脏每一心动周期所产生的电活动变化图形的技术。
S926：根据心电图信号判断患者是否处于可电击节律状态。
其中，可电击节律是指满足电除颤的状态。电除颤是以一定量的电流冲击心脏从而使室颤终止的方法，是治疗心室纤颤的有效方法。目前除心脏手术过程中 还有用交流电进行体内除颤(室颤)外，一般都用直流电除颤。
S927：当患者处于可电击节律状态时，经过预设时长之后，自动对患者进行放电治疗。
具体的，自动体外除颤设备具有计时电路，当患者满足电击除颤的条件时，计时电路立即开启，计时电路具有倒计时功能，经过预设时长之后，自动的对患者进行电击除颤治疗，从而可以更加精准的控制抢救的时间。这种抢救方式是一种全自动式的抢救方式，不需要施救者参与除颤放电治疗，由自动体外除颤设备本身自动完成。
请继续参阅图10，图10是本发明实施例提供的第九种心肺复苏指导方法的流程图。第九种心肺复苏指导方法与第一种心肺复苏指导方法基本相同，不同之处在于，“S925：获取患者的心电图信号”包括但不限于步骤S9251、S9252和S9253，关于步骤S9251、S9252和S9253的详细介绍如下。
S9251：检测电极片黏贴到患者身体上时的第一信号。
S9252：判断第一信号中是否存在表征起搏器的第二信号。
其中，起搏器是起搏系统的重要组成部分。起搏系统由起搏器、起搏电极导线及程控仪组成。其中起搏器和起搏电极导线植入人体。起搏器由安装在金属盒中的电路和电池组成。
起搏器在需要的时候向心脏发出微小的电脉冲，起搏电极导线由绝缘导线组成，负责向心脏传送微小电脉冲，刺激心脏跳动。
S9253：当第一信号中存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，将第一信号减去第二信号得到心电图信号，当第一信号中不存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，则将第一信号设定为心电图信号。
当患者佩戴有起搏器时，则起搏器会对判断患者是否满足电击条件造成干扰，因此，本实施例中可以去除起搏器的干扰，以避免误判断。
请继续参阅图11，图11是本发明实施例提供的第一种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。在本实施例中，心肺复苏指导装置10包括但不限于第一获取模块100、比对模块200和指导模块300，关于第一获取模块100、比对模块200和指导模块300介绍如下。
第一获取模块100，用于获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图。
比对模块200，用于将胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对。
其中，预设波形图可以为理想情况下抢救患者时的胸阻抗波形图。
其中，所述比对模块200包括子比对模块201，所述子比对模块201用于将所述胸阻抗波形图的波形参数与预设波形图的波形参数进行比对，其中，所述波形参数包括频率、幅值、周期中的至少一种。
指导模块300，用于根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
请继续参阅图12，图12是本发明实施例提供的第二种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第二种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，比对模块200包括但不限于第一比较模块210和第一发送模块220，关于第一比较模块210和第一发送模块220介绍如下。
第一比较模块210，用于将胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与预设波形图对应的频率进行比较。
第一发送模块220，用于当胸阻抗波形图对应的频率小于预设波形图对应的频率时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者提高对患者进行胸外按压 时的按压速度。
请继续参阅图13，图13是本发明实施例提供的第三种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第三种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，比对模块200包括但不限于第二比较模块230和第二发送模块240，关于第二比较模块230和第二发送模块240介绍如下。
第二比较模块230，用于将胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值与预设波形图对应的幅值进行比较。
第二发送模块240，用于当胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于预设波形图对应的幅值时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度。
请继续参阅图14，图15是本发明实施例提供的第四种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第四种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，比对模块200包括但不限于第三比较模块250和第三发送模块260，关于第三比较模块250和第三发送模块260介绍如下。
第三比较模块250，用于将胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比较，以判断胸阻抗波形图的周期是否完整。
第三发送模块260，用于当胸阻抗波形图的周期不完整时，向施救者发送提示信息，提示信息提示施救者对患者进行胸外按压时，提高施救者的手离开患者身体的速度。
请继续参阅图15，图15是本发明实施例提供的第五种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第五种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，心肺复苏指导装置10还包括但不限于第二获取模块110和判断模块500，关于第二获取模块110和判断模块500介绍如下。
第二获取模块110，用于将电极片黏贴于患者身体的预设部位，并获取未抢救时患者的初始阻抗值。
判断模块500，用于根据初始阻抗值判断电极片是否处于正常贴合状态。
请继续参阅图16，图16是本发明实施例提供的第六种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第六种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第五种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，判断模块500包括但不限于第一子判断模块510、第一判定模块520和第二判定模块530，关于第一子判断模块510、第一判定模块520和第二判定模块530介绍如下。
第一子判断模块510，用于判断初始阻抗值是否位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间，其中，第一阈值小于第二阈值。
第一判定模块520，用于当初始阻抗值位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间时，判定电极片处于正常贴合状态。
第二判定模块530，用于当初始阻抗值小于第一阈值，或者，初始阻抗值大于第二阈值时，判定电极片处于非正常贴合状态，向施救者发出提示信息以指导施救者重新贴合电极片。
请继续参阅图17，图17是本发明实施例提供的第七种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第七种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，心肺复苏指导装置10还包括但不限于第三获取模块120、第二子判断模块540、开启模块410和提示模块600，关于第三获取模块120、第二子判断模块540、开启模块410和提示模块600介绍如下。
第三获取模块120，用于获取患者的心电图信号。
第二子判断模块540，用于根据心电图信号判断患者是否处于可电击节律状态。
开启模块410，用于当患者处于可电击节律状态时，开启充电电路。
提示模块600，用于待充电电路完成充电之后，提示施救者开启放电电路以对患者进行放电治疗。
请继续参阅图18，图18是本发明实施例提供的第八种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第八种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，第一获取模块100，用于获取患者的心电图信号。心肺复苏指导装置10还包括但不限于第三子判断模块500和放电模块700，关于第三子判断模块550和放电模块700介绍如下。
第三子判断模块550，用于根据心电图信号判断患者是否处于可电击节律状态。
放电模块700，用于当患者处于可电击节律状态时，经过预设时长之后，自动对患者进行放电治疗。
请继续参阅图19，图19是本发明实施例提供的第九种心肺复苏指导装置的结构示意图。第九种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构与第一种心肺复苏指导装置10的结构基本相同，不同之处在于，第一获取模块100包括但不限于检测模块800、第四子判断模块560以及设定模块900，关于检测模块800、第四子判断模块560以及设定模块900介绍如下。
检测模块800，用于检测电极片黏贴到患者身体上时的第一信号。
第四子判断模块560，用于判断第一信号中是否存在表征起搏器的第二信号。
设定模块900，用于当第一信号中存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，将第一信号减去第二信号得到心电图信号，当第一信号中不存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，则将第一信号设定为心电图信号。
本发明还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其存储用于心肺复苏指导的计算机程序，其中，心肺复苏指导的计算机程序被执行的时候执行：如上任一实施例提供的心肺复苏指导方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括存储了计算机程序的非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质，计算机程序可操作来使计算机执行如上述心肺复苏指导方法实施例中记载的任一方法的部分或全部步骤。该计算机程序产品可以为一个软件安装包，计算机包括心肺复苏指导装置。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本申请并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为依据本申请，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本申请所必须的。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置，可通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储器中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储器中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可为个人计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储器包括：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储器中，存储器可以包括：闪存盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁盘或光盘等。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指导方法包括：
    获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图；
    将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对；
    根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对”包括：
    将所述胸阻抗波形图的波形参数与预设波形图的波形参数进行比对，其中，所述波形参数包括频率、幅值、周期中的至少一种。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对”以及“根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括：
    将所述胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与所述预设波形图对应的频率进行比较；
    当所述胸阻抗波形图对应的频率小于所述预设波形图对应的频率时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者提高对患者进行胸外按压时的按压速度。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对”以及“根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括：
    将所述胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值与所述预设波形图对应的幅值进行比较；
    当所述胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于所述预设波形图对应的幅值时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对”以及“根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救”包括：
    将所述胸阻抗波形图与所述预设波形图进行比较，以判断所述胸阻抗波形图的周期是否完整；
    当所述胸阻抗波形图的周期不完整时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者对患者进行胸外按压时，提高施救者的手离开患者身体的速度。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，在所述“获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图”之前，所述心肺复苏指导方法还包括：
    将电极片黏贴于患者身体的预设部位，并获取未抢救时患者的初始阻抗值；
    根据所述初始阻抗值判断所述电极片是否处于正常贴合状态。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“根据所述初 始阻抗值判断所述电极片是否处于正常贴合状态”包括：
    判断所述初始阻抗值是否位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间，其中，所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值；
    当所述初始阻抗值位于所述第一阈值到所述第二阈值之间时，判定所述电极片处于正常贴合状态；
    当所述初始阻抗值小于所述第一阈值，或者，所述初始阻抗值大于所述第二阈值时，判定所述电极片处于非正常贴合状态，向所述施救者发出提示信息以指导施救者重新贴合所述电极片。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指导方法还包括：
    获取患者的心电图信号；
    根据所述心电图信号判断所述患者是否处于可电击节律状态；
    当所述患者处于可电击节律状态时，开启充电电路；
    待所述充电电路完成充电之后，提示施救者开启放电电路以对所述患者进行放电治疗。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指导方法还包括：
    获取患者的心电图信号；
    根据所述心电图信号判断所述患者是否处于可电击节律状态；
    当所述患者处于可电击节律状态时，经过预设时长之后，自动对所述患者进行放电治疗。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的心肺复苏指导方法，其特征在于，所述“获取患者的心电图信号”包括：
    检测电极片黏贴到患者身体上时的第一信号；
    判断所述第一信号中是否存在表征起搏器的第二信号；
    当所述第一信号中存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，将所述第一信号减去所述第二信号得到所述心电图信号，当所述第一信号中不存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，则将所述第一信号设定为所述心电图信号。
  11. 一种心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指导装置包括：
    第一获取模块，用于获取抢救时患者的胸阻抗波形图；
    比对模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图与预设波形图进行比对；
    指导模块，用于根据比对结果发出提示信息，所述提示信息用于指导施救者对患者进行抢救。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述比对模块包括：
    子比对模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图的波形参数与预设波形图的波形参数进行比对，其中，所述波形参数包括频率、幅值、周期中的至少一种。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述比对模块包 括：
    第一比较模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图对应的频率与所述预设波形图对应的频率进行比较；
    所述指导模块包括：
    第一发送模块，用于当所述胸阻抗波形图对应的频率小于所述预设波形图对应的频率时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者提高对患者进行胸外按压时的按压速度。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述比对模块包括：
    第二比较模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值与所述预设波形图对应的幅值进行比较；
    所述指导模块包括：
    第二发送模块，用于当所述胸阻抗波形图对应的幅值小于所述预设波形图对应的幅值时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者增加对患者进行胸外按压时的按压深度。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述比对模块包括：
    第三比较模块，用于将所述胸阻抗波形图与所述预设波形图进行比较，以判断所述胸阻抗波形图的周期是否完整；
    所述指导模块包括：
    第三发送模块，用于当所述胸阻抗波形图的周期不完整时，向所述施救者发送提示信息，所述提示信息提示所述施救者对患者进行胸外按压时，提高施救者的手离开患者身体的速度。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指导装置还包括：
    第二获取模块，用于将电极片黏贴于患者身体的预设部位，并获取未抢救时患者的初始阻抗值；
    判断模块，用于根据所述初始阻抗值判断所述电极片是否处于正常贴合状态。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述判断模块包括：
    第一子判断模块，用于判断所述初始阻抗值是否位于第一阈值到第二阈值之间，其中，所述第一阈值小于所述第二阈值；
    第一判定模块，用于当所述初始阻抗值位于所述第一阈值到所述第二阈值之间时，判定所述电极片处于正常贴合状态；
    第二判定模块，用于当所述初始阻抗值小于所述第一阈值，或者，所述初始阻抗值大于所述第二阈值时，判定所述电极片处于非正常贴合状态，向所述施救者发出提示信息以指导施救者重新贴合所述电极片。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述心肺复苏指 导装置还包括：
    第三获取模块，用于获取患者的心电图信号；
    第二子判断模块，用于根据所述心电图信号判断所述患者是否处于可电击节律状态；
    开启模块，用于当所述患者处于可电击节律状态时，开启充电电路；
    提示模块，用于待所述充电电路完成充电之后，提示施救者开启放电电路以对所述患者进行放电治疗。
  19. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，第一获取模块，用于获取患者的心电图信号；
    所述心肺复苏指导装置还包括：
    第三子判断模块，用于根据所述心电图信号判断所述患者是否处于可电击节律状态；
    放电模块，用于当所述患者处于可电击节律状态时，经过预设时长之后，自动对所述患者进行放电治疗。
  20. 如权利要求11所述的心肺复苏指导装置，其特征在于，所述第一获取模块包括：
    检测模块，用于检测电极片黏贴到患者身体上时的第一信号；
    第四子判断模块，用于判断所述第一信号中是否存在表征起搏器的第二信号；
    设定模块，用于当所述第一信号中存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，将所述第一信号减去所述第二信号得到心电图信号，当所述第一信号中不存在表征起搏器的第二信号时，则将所述第一信号设定为所述心电图信号。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其存储用于心肺复苏指导的计算机程序，其中，所述心肺复苏指导的计算机程序被执行的时候执行：如权利要求1-10任一项所述的心肺复苏指导方法。
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