WO2020145735A1 - Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image à base d'intraprédiction utilisant une liste de mpm - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image à base d'intraprédiction utilisant une liste de mpm Download PDF

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WO2020145735A1
WO2020145735A1 PCT/KR2020/000490 KR2020000490W WO2020145735A1 WO 2020145735 A1 WO2020145735 A1 WO 2020145735A1 KR 2020000490 W KR2020000490 W KR 2020000490W WO 2020145735 A1 WO2020145735 A1 WO 2020145735A1
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intra prediction
mode
mpm
current block
prediction mode
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PCT/KR2020/000490
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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이령
허진
김승환
임재현
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/132—Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards

Definitions

  • This document relates to a video coding technique, and more particularly, to a video coding method and apparatus using intra prediction based on a MPM (Most Probable Mode) list.
  • MPM Mobileost Probable Mode
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • AR Artificial Realtiy
  • holograms video/video having a video characteristic different from a real video such as a game video
  • video/video having a video characteristic different from a real video such as a game video
  • the broadcast for is increasing.
  • a high-efficiency video/video compression technology is required to effectively compress, transmit, store, and reproduce information of a high-resolution, high-quality video/video having various characteristics as described above.
  • the technical problem of this document is to provide a method and apparatus for improving image coding efficiency.
  • Another technical task of this document is to provide an efficient intra prediction method and apparatus.
  • Another technical task of this document is to provide an image coding method and apparatus for deriving an MPM list.
  • Another technical problem of this document is to provide a method and apparatus for coding information on intra prediction for efficient intra prediction.
  • an image decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus includes obtaining prediction mode indication information indicating whether a specific intra prediction mode is applied to a current block, and when reference line index information indicating a reference line used for intra prediction of the current block is 0.
  • MPM (Most Probable Mode) flag information for the current block
  • the prediction mode indication information indicates that the specific intra prediction mode is not applied to the current block
  • the MPM flag information is Obtaining MPM index information for the current block based on a value of 1, deriving an intra prediction mode of the current block from the MPM list for the current block based on the MPM index information, the And generating prediction samples for the current block based on an intra prediction mode, and generating a reconstructed picture for the current block based on the prediction samples.
  • an image encoding method performed by an encoding device includes generating prediction mode indication information indicating whether a specific intra prediction mode is applied to a current block, and when the value of reference line index information indicating a reference line used for intra prediction of the current block is 0.
  • the prediction mode indication information indicates that the specific intra prediction mode is not applied to the current block
  • the MPM flag information Generating MPM index information indicating an intra prediction mode of the current block from the MPM list for the current block based on a case where the value is 1, and the prediction mode indication information, the reference line index information, and the MPM And encoding image information including at least one of flag information or MPM index information.
  • a digital storage medium storing encoded image information that causes the image decoding method according to claim 1 to be performed.
  • information on intra prediction for deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block can be efficiently coded, thereby improving overall coding efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/image coding system that can be applied to embodiments of the present document.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/video encoding apparatus applicable to embodiments of the present document.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/video decoding apparatus that can be applied to embodiments of the present document.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a video encoding method performed by a video encoding device.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a video decoding method performed by a decoding device.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a video encoding method based on intra prediction
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an intra prediction unit in an encoding apparatus.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of an image decoding method based on intra prediction
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows an intra prediction unit in a decoding apparatus.
  • FIG 10 shows an example of intra prediction modes to which embodiments of the present document are applicable.
  • 11 exemplarily shows neighboring blocks of the current block.
  • 12 and 13 are flowcharts schematically showing a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • 15 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • 16 shows an example of reference sample lines for intra prediction using multiple reference lines.
  • 17 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an encoding method that can be performed by an encoding device according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a decoding method that can be performed by a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of a content streaming system to which the embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
  • each component in the drawings described in this document is independently shown for convenience of description of different characteristic functions, and does not mean that each component is implemented with separate hardware or separate software.
  • two or more components of each component may be combined to form a single component, or one component may be divided into a plurality of components.
  • Embodiments in which each component is integrated and/or separated are also included in the scope of this document as long as they do not depart from the nature of this document.
  • VVC versatile video coding
  • EVC essential video coding
  • AV1 AOMedia Video 1
  • AVS2 2nd generation of audio video coding standard
  • next-generation video/ It can be applied to the method disclosed in the video coding standard (ex. H.267 or H.268, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/image coding system that can be applied to embodiments of the present document.
  • a video/image coding system may include a first device (source device) and a second device (receiving device).
  • the source device may transmit the encoded video/image information or data to a receiving device through a digital storage medium or network in the form of a file or streaming.
  • the source device may include a video source, an encoding device, and a transmission unit.
  • the receiving device may include a receiving unit, a decoding apparatus, and a renderer.
  • the encoding device may be referred to as a video/video encoding device, and the decoding device may be referred to as a video/video decoding device.
  • the transmitter can be included in the encoding device.
  • the receiver may be included in the decoding device.
  • the renderer may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or an external component.
  • the video source may acquire a video/image through a capture, synthesis, or generation process of the video/image.
  • the video source may include a video/image capture device and/or a video/image generation device.
  • the video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive including previously captured video/images, and the like.
  • the video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, a tablet and a smartphone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image.
  • a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer or the like, and in this case, a video/image capture process may be replaced by a process in which related data is generated.
  • the encoding device can encode the input video/video.
  • the encoding apparatus may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and coding efficiency.
  • the encoded data (encoded video/image information) may be output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the transmitting unit may transmit the encoded video/video information or data output in the form of a bitstream to a receiving unit of a receiving device through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming format.
  • the digital storage media may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, SSD.
  • the transmission unit may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network.
  • the receiver may receive/extract the bitstream and deliver it to a decoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus may decode a video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoding apparatus.
  • the renderer can render the decoded video/image.
  • the rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.
  • video may mean a set of images over time.
  • a picture generally refers to a unit representing one image in a specific time period, and a slice/tile is a unit constituting a part of a picture in coding.
  • the slice/tile may include one or more coding tree units (CTUs).
  • CTUs coding tree units
  • One picture may be composed of one or more slices/tiles.
  • One picture may be composed of one or more tile groups.
  • One tile group may include one or more tiles.
  • the brick may represent a rectangular region of CTU rows within a tile in a picture. Tiles can be partitioned into multiple bricks, and each brick can be composed of one or more CTU rows in the tile (A tile may be partitioned into multiple bricks, each of which consisting of one or more CTU rows within the tile ).
  • a tile that is not partitioned into multiple bricks may be also referred to as a brick.
  • a brick scan can indicate a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture, the CTUs can be aligned with a CTU raster scan within a brick, and the bricks in a tile can be aligned sequentially with a raster scan of the bricks of the tile.
  • A, and tiles in a picture can be sequentially aligned with a raster scan of the tiles of the picture
  • a brick scan is a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture in which the CTUs are ordered consecutively in CTU raster scan in a brick , bricks within a tile are ordered consecutively in a raster scan of the bricks of the tile, and tiles in a picture are ordered consecutively in a raster scan of the tiles of the picture).
  • a tile is a rectangular region of CTUs within a particular tile column and a particular tile row in a picture.
  • the tile column is a rectangular area of CTUs, the rectangular area has a height equal to the height of the picture, and the width can be specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set (The tile column is a rectangular region of CTUs having a height equal to the height of the picture and a width specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set).
  • the tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs, the rectangular region has a width specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set, and the height can be the same as the height of the picture (The tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs having a height specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set and a width equal to the width of the picture).
  • a tile scan can indicate a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture, the CTUs can be successively aligned with a CTU raster scan in a tile, and the tiles in a picture can be successively aligned with a raster scan of the tiles of the picture.
  • a tile scan is a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture in which the CTUs are ordered consecutively in CTU raster scan in a tile whereas tiles in a picture are ordered consecutively in a raster scan of the tiles of the picture).
  • a slice may include an integer number of bricks of a picture, and the integer number of bricks may be included in one NAL unit (A slice includes an integer number of bricks of a picture that may be exclusively contained in a single NAL unit). A slice may consist of either a number of complete tiles or only a consecutive sequence of complete bricks of one tile ).
  • Tile groups and slices are used interchangeably in this document. For example, the tile group/tile group header in this document may be referred to as a slice/slice header.
  • a pixel or a pel may mean a minimum unit constituting one picture (or image). Also, as a term corresponding to a pixel,'sample' may be used.
  • the sample may generally represent a pixel or a pixel value, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component. Alternatively, the sample may mean a pixel value in the spatial domain, or a conversion coefficient in the frequency domain when the pixel value is converted into the frequency domain.
  • the unit may represent a basic unit of image processing.
  • the unit may include at least one of a specific region of a picture and information related to the region.
  • One unit may include one luma block and two chroma (ex. cb, cr) blocks.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or area in some cases.
  • the MxN block may include samples (or sample arrays) of M columns and N rows or a set (or array) of transform coefficients.
  • the video encoding device may include a video encoding device.
  • the encoding apparatus 200 includes an image partitioner 210, a predictor 220, a residual processor 230, and an entropy encoder 240. It may be configured to include an adder (250), a filtering unit (filter, 260) and a memory (memory, 270).
  • the prediction unit 220 may include an inter prediction unit 221 and an intra prediction unit 222.
  • the residual processing unit 230 may include a transform unit 232, a quantizer 233, a dequantizer 234, and an inverse transformer 235.
  • the residual processing unit 230 may further include a subtractor 231.
  • the adder 250 may be referred to as a reconstructor or a recontructged block generator.
  • the above-described image segmentation unit 210, prediction unit 220, residual processing unit 230, entropy encoding unit 240, adding unit 250, and filtering unit 260 may include one or more hardware components (for example, it may be configured by an encoder chipset or processor).
  • the memory 270 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), or may be configured by a digital storage medium.
  • the hardware component may further include a memory 270 as an internal/external component.
  • the image division unit 210 may divide an input image (or picture, frame) input to the encoding apparatus 200 into one or more processing units.
  • the processing unit may be called a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit is recursively divided according to a quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree (QTBTTT) structure from a coding tree unit (CTU) or a largest coding unit (LCU).
  • QTBTTT quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree
  • CTU coding tree unit
  • LCU largest coding unit
  • one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units of a deeper depth based on a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure, and/or a ternary structure.
  • a quad tree structure may be applied first, and a binary tree structure and/or ternary structure may be applied later.
  • a binary tree structure may be applied first.
  • the coding procedure according to this document may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer split.
  • the maximum coding unit may be directly used as the final coding unit based on coding efficiency according to image characteristics, or the coding unit may be recursively divided into coding units having a lower depth than optimal if necessary.
  • the coding unit of the size of can be used as the final coding unit.
  • the coding procedure may include procedures such as prediction, transformation, and reconstruction, which will be described later.
  • the processing unit may further include a prediction unit (PU) or a transform unit (TU).
  • the prediction unit and the transform unit may be partitioned or partitioned from the above-described final coding unit, respectively.
  • the prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction
  • the transformation unit may be a unit for deriving a transform coefficient and/or a unit for deriving a residual signal from the transform coefficient.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or area in some cases.
  • the MxN block may represent samples of M columns and N rows or a set of transform coefficients.
  • the sample may generally represent a pixel or a pixel value, and may indicate only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or only a pixel/pixel value of a saturation component.
  • the sample may be used as a term for one picture (or image) corresponding to a pixel or pel.
  • the encoding device 200 subtracts a prediction signal (a predicted block, a prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 221 or the intra prediction unit 222 from the input image signal (original block, original sample array).
  • a signal residual signal, residual block, residual sample array
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on a block to be processed (hereinafter, referred to as a current block) and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied in units of the current block or CU. As described later in the description of each prediction mode, the prediction unit may generate various information about prediction, such as prediction mode information, and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the prediction information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart depending on a prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (Planar mode).
  • the directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes depending on the degree of detail of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and more or less directional prediction modes may be used depending on the setting.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block by using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.
  • the inter prediction unit 221 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block present in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture.
  • the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be called a name such as a collocated reference block or a CUCU, and a reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be called a collocated picture (colPic). It might be.
  • the inter prediction unit 221 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and provides information indicating which candidate is used to derive the motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block. Can be created. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the case of the skip mode and the merge mode, the inter prediction unit 221 may use motion information of neighboring blocks as motion information of the current block.
  • the residual signal may not be transmitted.
  • the motion vector of the current block is obtained by using the motion vector of the neighboring block as a motion vector predictor and signaling a motion vector difference. I can order.
  • the prediction unit 220 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods described below.
  • the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction as well as intra prediction and inter prediction at the same time for prediction for one block. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP).
  • the prediction unit may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or a palette mode for prediction of a block.
  • the IBC prediction mode or palette mode may be used for content video/video coding such as a game, such as screen content coding (SCC).
  • SCC screen content coding
  • IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but may be performed similarly to inter prediction in that a reference block is derived in the current picture. That is, the IBC can use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document.
  • the palette mode can be regarded as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, a sample value in a picture may be signaled based on information on the palette table and palette index.
  • the prediction signal generated through the prediction unit may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.
  • the transform unit 232 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal.
  • the transformation technique is DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), DST (Discrete Sine Transform), KLT ( ), GBT (Graph-Based Transform), or CNT (Conditionally Non-linear Transform).
  • GBT refers to a transformation obtained from this graph when it is said to graphically represent relationship information between pixels.
  • CNT means a transform obtained by generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels and obtained based on the predicted signal.
  • the transform process may be applied to pixel blocks having the same size of a square, or may be applied to blocks of variable sizes other than squares.
  • the quantization unit 233 quantizes the transform coefficients and transmits them to the entropy encoding unit 240, and the entropy encoding unit 240 encodes a quantized signal (information about quantized transform coefficients) and outputs it as a bitstream. have. Information about the quantized transform coefficients may be called residual information.
  • the quantization unit 233 may rearrange block-type quantized transform coefficients into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and quantize the quantized transform coefficients based on the one-dimensional vector form. Information regarding transform coefficients may be generated.
  • the entropy encoding unit 240 may perform various encoding methods, such as exponential Golomb (CAVLC), context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
  • CAVLC exponential Golomb
  • CAVLC context-adaptive variable length coding
  • CABAC context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
  • the entropy encoding unit 240 may encode information necessary for video/image reconstruction (eg, a value of syntax elements, etc.) together with the quantized transform coefficients together or separately.
  • the encoded information (ex. encoded video/video information) may be transmitted or stored in units of network abstraction layer (NAL) units in the form of a bitstream.
  • NAL network abstraction layer
  • the video/video information may further include information regarding various parameter sets such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the video/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • information and/or syntax elements transmitted/signaled from an encoding device to a decoding device may be included in video/video information.
  • the video/video information may be encoded through the above-described encoding procedure and included in the bitstream.
  • the bitstream can be transmitted over a network or stored on a digital storage medium.
  • the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
  • the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, SSD.
  • the signal output from the entropy encoding unit 240 may be configured as an internal/external element of the encoding device 200 by a transmitting unit (not shown) and/or a storing unit (not shown) for storing, or the transmitting unit It may be included in the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 233 may be used to generate a prediction signal.
  • a residual signal residual block or residual samples
  • the adder 155 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the predicted signal output from the inter predictor 221 or the intra predictor 222, so that the reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) Can be generated. If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the adder 250 may be called a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture through filtering as described below.
  • LMCS luma mapping with chroma scaling
  • the filtering unit 260 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
  • the filtering unit 260 may generate a modified restoration picture by applying various filtering methods to the restoration picture, and the modified restoration picture may be a DPB of the memory 270, specifically, the memory 270. Can be stored in.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the filtering unit 260 may generate various pieces of information regarding filtering as described later in the description of each filtering method, and transmit them to the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the filtering information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the modified reconstructed picture transmitted to the memory 270 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221.
  • inter prediction When the inter prediction is applied through the encoding apparatus, prediction mismatch between the encoding apparatus 100 and the decoding apparatus can be avoided, and encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • the memory 270 DPB may store the modified reconstructed picture for use as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221.
  • the memory 270 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or encoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that has already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 221 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
  • the memory 270 may store reconstructed samples of blocks reconstructed in the current picture, and may transmit the reconstructed samples to the intra prediction unit 222.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/video decoding apparatus that can be applied to embodiments of the present document.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 includes an entropy decoder (310), a residual processor (320), a prediction unit (predictor, 330), an adder (340), and a filtering unit (filter, 350) and memory (memoery, 360).
  • the prediction unit 330 may include an inter prediction unit 331 and an intra prediction unit 332.
  • the residual processing unit 320 may include a dequantizer (321) and an inverse transformer (321).
  • the entropy decoding unit 310, the residual processing unit 320, the prediction unit 330, the adding unit 340, and the filtering unit 350 described above may include one hardware component (eg, a decoder chipset or processor) according to an embodiment. ).
  • the memory 360 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), or may be configured by a digital storage medium.
  • the hardware component may further include a memory 360 as an internal/external component.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may restore an image corresponding to a process in which the video/image information is processed in the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may derive units/blocks based on block partitioning related information obtained from the bitstream.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may perform decoding using a processing unit applied in the encoding apparatus.
  • the processing unit of decoding may be, for example, a coding unit, and the coding unit may be divided along a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure and/or a ternary tree structure from a coding tree unit or a largest coding unit.
  • One or more transform units can be derived from the coding unit. Then, the decoded video signal decoded and output through the decoding device 300 may be reproduced through the reproduction device.
  • the decoding apparatus 300 may receive the signal output from the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream, and the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 310.
  • the entropy decoding unit 310 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, video/image information) necessary for image reconstruction (or picture reconstruction).
  • the video/video information may further include information regarding various parameter sets such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
  • the video/video information may further include general constraint information.
  • the decoding apparatus may decode a picture further based on the information on the parameter set and/or the general restriction information.
  • Signaling/receiving information and/or syntax elements described later in this document may be decoded through the decoding procedure and obtained from the bitstream.
  • the entropy decoding unit 310 decodes information in a bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC, and quantizes a value of a syntax element required for image reconstruction and a transform coefficient for residual.
  • a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method receives bins corresponding to each syntax element in a bitstream, and decodes syntax element information to be decoded and decoding information of neighboring and decoding target blocks or symbol/bin information decoded in the previous step.
  • the context model is determined by using, and the probability of occurrence of the bin is predicted according to the determined context model, and arithmetic decoding of the bin is performed to generate a symbol corresponding to the value of each syntax element. have.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model using the decoded symbol/bin information for the next symbol/bin context model after determining the context model.
  • prediction information is provided to a prediction unit (inter prediction unit 332 and intra prediction unit 331), and the entropy decoding unit 310 performs entropy decoding.
  • the dual value, that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the residual processing unit 320.
  • the residual processor 320 may derive a residual signal (residual block, residual samples, residual sample array). Also, information related to filtering among information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 310 may be provided to the filtering unit 350. Meanwhile, a receiving unit (not shown) receiving a signal output from the encoding device may be further configured as an internal/external element of the decoding device 300, or the receiving unit may be a component of the entropy decoding unit 310.
  • the decoding device may be called a video/picture/picture decoding device, and the decoding device may be classified into an information decoder (video/picture/picture information decoder) and a sample decoder (video/picture/picture sample decoder). It might be.
  • the information decoder may include the entropy decoding unit 310, and the sample decoder may include the inverse quantization unit 321, an inverse transformation unit 322, an addition unit 340, a filtering unit 350, and a memory 360 ), at least one of an inter prediction unit 332 and an intra prediction unit 331.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may inverse quantize the quantized transform coefficients to output transform coefficients.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in a two-dimensional block form. In this case, the reordering may be performed based on the coefficient scan order performed by the encoding device.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 may perform inverse quantization on the quantized transform coefficients by using a quantization parameter (for example, quantization step size information), and obtain transform coefficients.
  • a quantization parameter for example, quantization step size information
  • the inverse transform unit 322 inversely transforms the transform coefficients to obtain a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array).
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction is applied to the current block or inter prediction is applied based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoding unit 310, and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode.
  • the prediction unit 320 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods described below.
  • the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction as well as intra prediction and inter prediction at the same time for prediction for one block. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP).
  • the prediction unit may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or a palette mode for prediction of a block.
  • the IBC prediction mode or palette mode may be used for content video/video coding such as a game, such as screen content coding (SCC).
  • SCC screen content coding
  • IBC basically performs prediction in the current picture, but may be performed similarly to inter prediction in that a reference block is derived in the current picture. That is, the IBC can use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document.
  • the palette mode can be regarded as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, information on the palette table and palette index may be signaled by being included in the video/image information.
  • the intra prediction unit 331 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart depending on a prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the intra prediction unit 331 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.
  • the inter prediction unit 332 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on the reference block (reference sample array) specified by the motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block present in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture.
  • the inter prediction unit 332 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information. Inter-prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes, and information on the prediction may include information indicating a mode of inter-prediction for the current block.
  • the adder 340 reconstructs the obtained residual signal by adding it to the predicted signal (predicted block, predicted sample array) output from the predictor (including the inter predictor 332 and/or the intra predictor 331) A signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) can be generated. If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the adding unit 340 may be called a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, may be output through filtering as described below, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture.
  • LMCS luma mapping with chroma scaling
  • the filtering unit 350 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
  • the filtering unit 350 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and the modified reconstructed picture may be a DPB of the memory 360, specifically, the memory 360 Can be transferred to.
  • the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the (corrected) reconstructed picture stored in the DPB of the memory 360 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 332.
  • the memory 360 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in a current picture is derived (or decoded) and/or motion information of blocks in a picture that has already been reconstructed.
  • the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 332 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
  • the memory 360 may store reconstructed samples of blocks reconstructed in the current picture, and may transmit the reconstructed samples to the intra prediction unit 331.
  • the embodiments described in the filtering unit 260, the inter prediction unit 221, and the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding device 200 are respectively the filtering unit 350 and the inter prediction of the decoding device 300.
  • the unit 332 and the intra prediction unit 331 may be applied to the same or corresponding.
  • a predicted block including prediction samples for a current block which is a block to be coded
  • the predicted block includes prediction samples in a spatial domain (or pixel domain).
  • the predicted block is derived equally from an encoding device and a decoding device, and the encoding device decodes information (residual information) about the residual between the original block and the predicted block, not the original sample value itself of the original block. Signaling to the device can improve video coding efficiency.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive a residual block including residual samples based on the residual information, generate a reconstruction block including reconstruction samples by combining the residual block and the predicted block, and generate reconstruction blocks. It is possible to generate a reconstructed picture that includes.
  • the residual information may be generated through a transform and quantization procedure.
  • the encoding apparatus derives a residual block between the original block and the predicted block, and performs transformation procedures on residual samples (residual sample array) included in the residual block to derive transformation coefficients. And, by performing a quantization procedure on the transform coefficients, the quantized transform coefficients are derived to signal related residual information (via a bitstream) to a decoding apparatus.
  • the residual information may include information such as value information of the quantized transform coefficients, position information, a transform technique, a transform kernel, and quantization parameters.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform an inverse quantization/inverse transformation procedure based on the residual information and derive residual samples (or residual blocks).
  • the decoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture based on the predicted block and the residual block.
  • the encoding apparatus can also dequantize/inverse transform quantized transform coefficients for reference for inter prediction of a picture, to derive a residual block, and generate a reconstructed picture based on the quantized/inverse transform.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a video encoding method performed by a video encoding device.
  • the image encoding method may include block partitioning, intra/inter prediction, transform, quantization, and entropy encoding.
  • the current picture may be divided into a plurality of blocks, a prediction block of the current block may be generated through intra/inter prediction, and the subtraction of the input block of the current block and the prediction block may result in A residual block of the current block may be generated.
  • a coefficient block that is, transform coefficients of the current block, may be generated through the transform of the residual block.
  • the transform coefficients may be quantized and entropy encoded and stored in a bitstream.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a video decoding method performed by a decoding device.
  • an image decoding method may include entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transform, and intra/inter prediction processes.
  • an inverse process of the above-described encoding method may be performed.
  • quantized transform coefficients may be obtained through entropy decoding on a bitstream
  • coefficient blocks of the current block that is, transform coefficients
  • the residual block of the current block may be derived through inverse transform on the transform coefficients, and the addition of the prediction block of the current block and the residual block derived through intra/inter prediction may be performed.
  • a reconstructed block can be derived.
  • Intra prediction refers to prediction that generates prediction samples for a current block based on reference samples outside the current block in a picture (hereinafter, a current picture) including the current block.
  • reference samples outside the current block may refer to samples located around the current block.
  • neighboring reference samples of the current block are 2xnH in total adjacent to the left border and the bottom-left sample of the current block. Includes samples, adjacent to the top boundary of the current block, and a total of 2xnW samples adjacent to the top-right, and one sample adjacent to the top-left of the current block. can do.
  • the peripheral reference samples of the current block may include multiple columns of upper peripheral samples and multiple rows of left peripheral samples.
  • the neighboring reference samples of the current block have a total nH samples adjacent to the right boundary of the current block of size nWxnH, a total nW samples adjacent to the bottom boundary of the current block, and the lower right side of the current block ( bottom-right) may be included.
  • the decoding apparatus may substitute samples that are not available with available samples to construct peripheral reference samples to be used for prediction.
  • peripheral reference samples to be used for prediction may be configured through interpolation of available samples.
  • a prediction sample may be derived based on an average or interpolation of neighboring reference samples of the current block, and (ii) prediction among neighboring reference samples of the current block Predictive samples may also be derived based on reference samples present in a specific (predictive) direction with respect to the sample. Case (i) may be applied when the intra prediction mode is a non-directional mode or a non-angle mode, and case (ii) may be applied when the intra prediction mode is a directional mode or an angular mode.
  • Predictive samples may be generated.
  • LIP linear interpolation intra prediction
  • chroma prediction samples may be generated based on luma samples using a linear model. In this case, it can be called LM mode.
  • the temporary prediction sample of the current block is derived based on the filtered peripheral reference samples, and at least one reference sample derived according to the intra prediction mode among existing peripheral reference samples, that is, unfiltered peripheral reference samples
  • the prediction sample of the current block may be derived by weighting the temporary prediction sample.
  • PDPC Porition dependent intra prediction
  • the reference sample line having the highest prediction accuracy among the neighboring multiple reference sample lines of the current block is selected to derive the prediction sample using the reference sample located in the prediction direction on the line, and at this time, the used reference sample line is decoded.
  • Intra prediction encoding may be performed by instructing (signaling) the device.
  • the above-described case may be referred to as multi-reference line (MRL) intra prediction or MRL-based intra prediction.
  • MRL multi-reference line
  • intra prediction is performed based on the same intra prediction mode by dividing the current block into vertical or horizontal sub-partitions, but it is possible to derive and use surrounding reference samples in units of sub-partitions. That is, in this case, the intra prediction mode for the current block is equally applied to the sub-partitions, but the intra-prediction performance may be improved in some cases by deriving and using surrounding reference samples in sub-partition units.
  • Such a prediction method may be called intra sub-partitions (ISP) or ISP based intra prediction.
  • the above-described intra prediction methods may be called an intra prediction type separately from the intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction type may be called various terms such as an intra prediction technique or an additional intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction type (or additional intra prediction mode, etc.) may include at least one of the above-described LIP, PDPC, MRL, ISP.
  • the general intra prediction method except for the specific intra prediction type such as the LIP, PDPC, MRL, ISP, etc. may be referred to as a normal intra prediction type.
  • the normal intra prediction type may be generally applied when the specific intra prediction type as described above is not applied, and prediction may be performed based on the intra prediction mode described above. On the other hand, post-process filtering may be performed on the predicted samples derived as necessary.
  • the intra prediction procedure may include an intra prediction mode determination step, a peripheral reference sample derivation step, and an intra prediction mode based prediction sample derivation step. Also, a post-filtering step may be performed on the predicted sample derived as necessary.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a video encoding method based on intra prediction
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an intra prediction unit in an encoding apparatus.
  • the intra prediction unit in the encoding apparatus of FIG. 7 may be applied to the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding apparatus 200 of FIG. 2 as described above.
  • S600 may be performed by the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding device, and S610 may be performed by the residual processing unit 230 of the encoding device. Specifically, S610 may be performed by the subtraction unit 231 of the encoding device.
  • the prediction information is derived by the intra prediction unit 222 and may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • residual information is derived by the residual processing unit 230 and may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240.
  • the residual information is information about residual samples.
  • the residual information may include information about quantized transform coefficients for residual samples.
  • the residual samples may be derived as transform coefficients through the transform unit 232 of the encoding apparatus, and the transform coefficients may be derived as quantized transform coefficients through the quantization unit 233.
  • Information about the quantized transform coefficients may be encoded in the entropy encoding unit 240 through a residual coding procedure.
  • the encoding device may perform intra prediction on the current block (S600).
  • the encoding apparatus may derive an intra prediction mode for the current block, derive neighbor reference samples of the current block, and generate prediction samples in the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the neighbor reference samples.
  • the procedure for determining the intra prediction mode, deriving the surrounding reference samples, and generating the prediction samples may be performed simultaneously, or one procedure may be performed before the other procedure.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding apparatus may include a prediction mode determination unit 223, a reference sample derivation unit 224, and a prediction sample derivation unit 225, and the prediction mode determination unit 223 ), an intra prediction mode for the current block may be determined, the reference sample derivation unit 224 may derive neighboring reference samples of the current block, and the prediction sample derivation unit 225 may derive prediction samples of the current block. Meanwhile, although not shown, when the prediction sample filtering procedure described below is performed, the intra prediction unit 222 may further include a prediction sample filter unit (not shown).
  • the encoding apparatus may determine a mode applied to a current block among a plurality of intra prediction modes. The encoding apparatus may compare RD cost for intra prediction modes and determine an optimal intra prediction mode for the current block.
  • the encoding device may perform a prediction sample filtering procedure.
  • Predictive sample filtering may be referred to as post filtering. Some or all of the prediction samples may be filtered by the prediction sample filtering procedure. In some cases, the prediction sample filtering procedure may be omitted.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate residual samples for the current block based on the (filtered) prediction samples (S610).
  • the encoding apparatus may encode image information including prediction mode information indicating an intra prediction mode and residual information on residual samples (S620 ).
  • the encoded image information can be output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the output bitstream may be delivered to a decoding device through a storage medium or network.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture (including reconstructed samples and reconstructed blocks) based on predicted samples and residual samples. This is for deriving the same prediction result as that performed in the decoding device in the encoding device, because it is possible to increase the coding efficiency. Also, the in-loop filtering procedure may be further applied to the reconstructed picture, as described above.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of an image decoding method based on intra prediction
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows an intra prediction unit in a decoding apparatus.
  • the intra prediction unit in the decoding apparatus of FIG. 9 may be applied to the intra prediction unit 331 of the decoding apparatus 300 of FIG. 3 as described above.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform an operation corresponding to an operation performed in the above-described encoding apparatus.
  • the decoding apparatus may perform prediction on the current block and derive prediction samples based on the received prediction information.
  • S800 to S820 may be performed by the intra prediction unit 331 of the decoding apparatus, and residual information of S830 may be obtained from the bitstream by the entropy decoding unit 310 of the decoding apparatus.
  • the residual processing unit 320 of the decoding apparatus may derive residual samples for the current block based on the residual information.
  • the inverse quantization unit 321 of the residual processing unit derives transform coefficients by performing inverse quantization based on quantized transform coefficients derived based on residual information, and inverse transform units of the residual processing unit 320 ( 322) performs inverse transform on the transform coefficients to derive residual samples for the current block.
  • S840 may be performed by the addition unit 340 or the restoration unit of the decoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive an intra prediction mode for the current block based on the received prediction mode information (S800).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive neighboring reference samples of the current block (S810).
  • the decoding apparatus may generate prediction samples in the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the surrounding reference samples (S820).
  • the decoding apparatus may perform a prediction sample filtering procedure. Predictive sample filtering may be referred to as post filtering. Some or all of the prediction samples may be filtered by the prediction sample filtering procedure. In some cases, the prediction sample filtering procedure may be omitted.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information (S830).
  • the decoding apparatus may generate reconstructed samples for the current block based on the (filtered) prediction samples and residual samples (S840).
  • the intra prediction unit 331 of the decoding apparatus may include a prediction mode determination unit 333, a reference sample derivation unit 334, and a prediction sample derivation unit 335, and the prediction mode determination unit 333 ) Determines an intra prediction mode for the current block based on the prediction mode information received from the prediction mode determination unit 223 of the encoding device, and the reference sample derivation unit 334 derives neighboring reference samples of the current block,
  • the prediction sample deriving unit 335 may derive prediction samples of the current block.
  • the intra prediction unit 331 may further include a prediction sample filter unit (not shown).
  • prediction mode information may be determined according to whether most probable mode (MPM) is applied to the current block.
  • the prediction mode information may include flag information (eg, prev_intra_luma_pred_flag) indicating whether the most probable mode (MPM) or a remaining mode is applied to the current block.
  • the prediction mode information may further include index information (ex. mpm_idx) indicating one of the intra prediction mode candidates (MPM candidates).
  • the intra prediction mode candidates (MPM candidates) may be configured as an MPM candidate list or an MPM list.
  • the prediction mode information may further include reaming mode information (ex.
  • the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the current block based on the prediction mode information.
  • the prediction mode information may be encoded/decoded through the coding method described in this document.
  • prediction mode information may be encoded/decoded through entropy coding (ex. CABAC, CAVLC) based on truncated (rice) binary code.
  • an intra prediction mode applied to the current block may be determined using the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive most probable mode (MPM) candidates based on the intra prediction mode of the left block of the current block and the intra prediction mode of the upper block, and one of the MPM candidates may be an MPM index (ex. mpm_idx).
  • MPM most probable mode
  • one of the remaining intra prediction modes not included in the MPM candidates may be selected based on the re-maining intra prediction mode information (ex. rem_inra_luma_pred_mode).
  • the MPM index may be signaled in the form of the mpm_idx syntax element, and the re-maining intra prediction mode information may be signaled in the form of the rem_intra_luma_pred_mode syntax element.
  • the re-maining intra prediction mode information may indicate one of the intra prediction modes by indexing the remaining intra prediction modes that are not included in the MPM candidates in the order of prediction mode numbers.
  • the intra prediction mode may include non-directional (or non-angular) intra prediction modes and directional (or angular) intra prediction modes.
  • the HEVC standard uses an intra prediction mode including two non-directional prediction modes and 33 directional prediction modes.
  • the non-directional prediction mode may include a planar intra prediction mode of 0 and a DC intra prediction mode of 1, and the intra prediction modes of 2 to 34 may be included in the directional prediction mode.
  • the planner intra prediction mode may be called a planner mode, and the DC intra prediction mode may be called a DC mode.
  • the directional intra prediction mode may be extended from the existing 33 to 65 as shown in FIG. 10 described later.
  • the intra prediction mode may include two non-directional intra prediction modes and 65 directional intra prediction modes.
  • the non-directional intra prediction modes may include a planar intra prediction mode of 0 and a DC intra prediction mode of 1, and the directional intra prediction modes may include intra prediction modes 2 to 66.
  • the extended directional intra prediction modes can be applied to blocks of all sizes, and can be applied to both luma and chroma components. However, this is an example and embodiments of the present document may be applied even when the number of intra prediction modes is different.
  • the intra prediction mode No. 67 may be further used, and the intra prediction mode No. 67 may represent a linear model (LM) mode.
  • LM linear model
  • FIG 10 shows an example of intra prediction modes to which embodiments of the present document are applicable.
  • an intra prediction mode having horizontal directionality and an intra prediction mode having vertical directionality may be distinguished from the intra prediction mode 34 having a diagonal upward prediction direction.
  • H and V in FIG. 10 mean horizontal direction and vertical direction, respectively, and the numbers of -32 to 32 indicate displacements of 1/32 units on the sample grid position.
  • the intra prediction modes 2 to 33 have horizontal directionality, and the intra prediction modes 34 to 66 have vertical directionality.
  • the intra prediction mode No. 18 and the intra prediction mode No. 50 represent a horizontal intra prediction mode and a vertical intra prediction mode, respectively, and the intra prediction mode No. 2 is a left downward diagonal intra prediction mode,
  • the 34th intra prediction mode may be called a left upward diagonal intra prediction mode, and the 66th intra prediction mode may be called a right upward diagonal intra prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived using the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block. This may be referred to as MPM (most probable modes). That is, MPM may refer to a mode used to improve coding efficiency in consideration of the similarity between a current block and a neighboring block when coding an intra prediction mode.
  • the encoding/decoding device may construct a list of most probable modes (MPM) for the current block.
  • the MPM list may be referred to as an MPM candidate list.
  • an MPM list including predetermined MPM candidates may be configured in consideration of the complexity of MPM list generation.
  • the MPM list may include 3 MPM candidates, 5 candidates, or 6 MPM candidates.
  • the MPM list may include MPM candidates derived based on the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block, the derived intra prediction mode, and/or the default intra prediction mode.
  • the encoding device/decoding device searches the neighboring blocks of the current block according to a specific order to derive the intra prediction mode of the neighboring blocks, and as the MPM candidates based on the derived order Can be used.
  • the peripheral blocks may include at least one of a left peripheral block, an upper peripheral block, a lower left peripheral block, a right upper peripheral block, and an upper left peripheral block of the current block. If the intra prediction mode for the current block is not included among the MPM candidates in the MPM list, a re-maining mode may be used.
  • the re-maining mode is a mode that uses intra-prediction modes other than MPM candidates among all intra-prediction modes, and can code and signal re-maining intra-prediction mode information.
  • the re-maining intra prediction mode information may be information indicating an intra prediction mode applied to a current block among remaining intra prediction modes excluding MPM candidates.
  • the remodeling intra prediction mode information may include a 6-bit syntax element (ex. rem_intra_luma_pred_mode syntax element).
  • the three MPM candidates may be derived based on the intra prediction modes of the neighboring blocks F and G.
  • the neighboring blocks of the current block including the neighboring block F and the neighboring block G may be as described below.
  • 11 exemplarily shows neighboring blocks of the current block.
  • a neighboring block of the current block may include a neighboring block A, a neighboring block B, a neighboring block C, a neighboring block D, a neighboring block E, a neighboring block F, and/or a neighboring block G.
  • the neighboring block A may indicate a neighboring block located in the upper left corner of the upper left sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block B may indicate a neighboring block located on the upper right sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block C may indicate a neighboring block located at the upper right of the sample position at the upper right of the current block.
  • the neighboring block D may indicate a neighboring block located at the left end of the lower left sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block E may indicate a neighboring block located in the lower left corner of the lower left sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block G may indicate a neighboring block located at the upper left of the sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block F may indicate a neighboring block located at the left end of the upper left sample position of the current block.
  • the neighboring block A is a sample of (-1, -1) coordinates.
  • a peripheral block B is a block containing samples of (W-1, -1) coordinates
  • a peripheral block C is a block containing samples of (W, -1) coordinates
  • a peripheral block D is A block containing samples of (-1, H-1) coordinates
  • a neighboring block E is a block containing samples of (-1, H) coordinates
  • It is a block including, and the neighboring block G may be a block including samples of (0, -1) coordinates.
  • three MPM candidates may be derived based on the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G may be derived.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F or the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G may be derived as a DC intra prediction mode.
  • the three MPM candidates may be derived as shown in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 above shows a schematic algorithm (ie, pseudo code) constituting the MPM list. Referring to Table 1, it may be determined whether the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G are the same.
  • the MPM list of the current block is derived as MPM list 1 (MPM list1) Can be. That is, if the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G are the same, and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F is the intra prediction mode 0 or the intra prediction mode 1, the MPM list of the current block is MPM It can be derived as Listing 1.
  • MPM list 1 may indicate an MPM list consisting of MPM candidates ⁇ F, F-1, F+1 ⁇ .
  • F may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F
  • F-1 may indicate the intra prediction mode in which the mode number of the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F is minus 1
  • F+1 is the neighboring mode.
  • the value obtained by adding 1 to the mode number of the intra prediction mode of block F may indicate the intra prediction mode as the mode number.
  • MPM list 1 includes N intra prediction mode, N-1 intra prediction mode, and N+1 intra prediction mode as MPM candidates. It can be composed of MPM list.
  • the MPM list of the current block is MPM list 2 (MPM list2 ).
  • the MPM of the current block can be derived as MPM list 3 (MPM list 3).
  • MPM list of the current block may be derived as MPM list 4 (MPM list4).
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G are not the same, and at least one of the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block F is a planar intra prediction mode, and the neighboring block F If the sum of the mode number of the intra prediction mode of and the mode number of the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block G is not less than 2, the MPM list of the current block may be derived as the MPM list 5 (MPM list5).
  • the number of MPM candidates may vary depending on the number of intra prediction modes. In general, as the number of intra prediction modes increases, the number of MPM candidates may increase. However, the number of MPM candidates does not always increase when the number of intra prediction modes increases. For example, if there are 35 intra prediction modes or 67 intra prediction modes, the number of MPM candidates such as 3, 4, 5, and 6 may be varied depending on the design.
  • 6 MPM list construction can be performed. That is, an MPM list including 6 MPM candidates may be constructed.
  • a process of searching for locations of various neighboring blocks and a continuous pruning check process for excluding the same intra prediction mode may be performed.
  • the order of configuring six MPM candidates may be as follows.
  • Peripheral block D Peripheral block D, peripheral block B, planner intra prediction mode, DC intra prediction mode, peripheral block E, peripheral block C, and peripheral block A.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D, the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B, the planar intra prediction mode, the DC intra prediction mode, the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block E, the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block C, and the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block A It may be derived as an MPM candidate in the order of the modes, and may not be derived as an MPM candidate when it is the same as the intra prediction mode already derived.
  • the directional intra prediction mode adjacent to the derived MPM candidate and the predefined default intra prediction The mode may be considered as an MPM candidate, and a pruning check process may be performed together.
  • the directional intra prediction mode adjacent to the MPM candidate may indicate an intra prediction mode adjacent to the MPM candidate and the mode number.
  • the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block may be used to construct the MPM list.
  • the encoding apparatus may determine the best intra prediction mode by optimizing bit rate and distortion at the same time, and code the determined best intra prediction mode as a bitstream.
  • the decoding apparatus may parse (decode) the intra prediction mode included in the bitstream, and perform intra prediction based on the parsed intra prediction mode.
  • efficient intra mode coding is required to minimize signaling overhead.
  • an MPM list is constructed using a neighboring intra prediction mode of a coded block, and overhead can be minimized by signaling the MPM index when the best intra prediction mode is one of the candidates in the MPM list. .
  • the length of the MPM list and the method of constructing the MPM list may vary depending on the algorithm.
  • an MPM list including 3 existing MPM candidates may not be sufficient to indicate diversity of multiple intra prediction modes.
  • the scheme of constructing a 6 MPM list including a neighboring block search and pruning check process is too complex and may affect throughput. Accordingly, embodiments of the present document propose an efficient MPM list construction scheme having an appropriate balance between complexity and coding efficiency.
  • 12 and 13 are flowcharts schematically showing a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • an MPM list for a current block including k MPM candidates may be constructed.
  • k may indicate the length of the MPM list, that is, the number of MPM candidates included in the MPM list.
  • five efficient MPM lists (MPM list 1 to MPM list 5) may be constructed based on five conditions. That is, one of the five MPM lists based on the five conditions may be derived as the MPM list for the current block.
  • the MPM lists may be independent lists as shown in FIG. 12, or may be lists having a partially shared part as shown in FIG. If a shared partial list is used as in FIG. 13, a duplication process can be avoided.
  • the five conditions can be modeled such that the sum of the probabilities of all conditions is 1.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • L may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B shown in FIG. 11, and A may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D shown in FIG. 11 described above.
  • L may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D shown in FIG. 11, and A may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B shown in FIG. 11 described above.
  • a symbol is a logical negation operator, which can be referred to as a "not" operator that converts a non-true value to a true value and vice versa.
  • a mark of !7 may represent a value of 0, and a mark of !0 may represent a value of 1.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may check condition 1 for determining whether L and A are the same (S1400). That is, the encoding/decoding apparatus can determine whether L and A are the same intra prediction mode.
  • condition 2 may be a condition for determining whether “L> DC_idx”.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may derive the MPM list 1 as the MPM list for the current block (S1410). If the condition 2 is not satisfied, the encoding/decoding device may derive the MPM list 2 as the MPM list for the current block (S1415).
  • MPM list 1 may be configured as shown in Table 2 below
  • MPM list 2 may be configured as shown in Table 3 below.
  • MPM list 1 may include first MPM candidates (mpm[0]) to sixth MPM candidates (mpm[5]), as shown in Table 2 above, and MPM list 2 As shown in Table 3, may include first MPM candidates (mpm[0]) to sixth MPM candidates (mpm[5]).
  • the first to sixth MPM candidates may indicate intra prediction modes (ie, mode numbers) indicated by MPM index values 0 to 5, respectively.
  • the first MPM candidate indicates an intra prediction mode allocated to mpm[0], and may be indicated by the value 0 of the MPM index.
  • the encoding/decoding device may derive the partially shared MPM list 1 (S1420).
  • the partially shared MPM list 1 may be configured as shown in Table 4 below.
  • the partially shared MPM list 1 may include a first MPM candidate representing L (mpm[0]) and a second MPM candidate representing A (mpm[1]). That is, when L and A are not the same, the encoding/decoding device may first add L and A in the MPM list. Accordingly, the MPM lists 3, 4, and 5 to be described later may be configured to partially include the first MPM candidate (mpm[0]) and the second MPM candidate (mpm[1]), as shown in Table 4 above.
  • the order of the MPM indexes can be determined by comparing the size of the mode numbers between L and A.
  • a max_idx value indicating L when L has a larger mode number than A, a max_idx value indicating L may be set to 0, and a min_idx value indicating A may be set to 1.
  • max_idx and min_idx values can be set in reverse.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may check condition 3 for determining whether L and A are both directional intra prediction modes (S1425). That is, the encoding/decoding apparatus may determine whether L and A are not the same and whether the mode numbers of L and A are greater than the DC mode number.
  • Condition 3 may be a condition for determining whether “L>DC_idx AND A>DC_idx”.
  • the encoding/decoding device may derive the partially shared MPM list 2 (S1440).
  • the partially shared MPM list 2 may be configured as shown in Table 5 below.
  • mpm[2] Planar_idx
  • mpm[2] indicating a planner mode
  • the difference between the mode number of L and the mode number of A can be calculated as shown in Table 5 above.
  • diff may be a result of subtracting the smaller value from the larger value among the mode numbers of L and the mode numbers of A.
  • the encoding/decoding device may derive the MPM list 5 as the MPM list for the current block (S1455). If the condition 4 is not satisfied, the encoding/decoding apparatus may derive the MPM list 4 as the MPM list for the current block (S1450).
  • the MPM list 4 may be configured as shown in Table 6 below, and the MPM list 5 may be configured as shown in Table 7 below.
  • Each of the MPM list 4 of Table 6 and the MPM list 5 of Table 7 is a fifth MPM candidate together with the first to fourth MPM candidates (mpm[0] to mpm[3]) described in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively. (mpm[4]) and a sixth MPM candidate (mpm[5]).
  • step S1425 if at least one of L and A is a non-directional intra prediction mode (that is, when condition 3 is not satisfied), the encoding/decoding apparatus determines whether only one of L and A is a non-directional intra prediction mode.
  • the condition 5 for judging may be checked (S1430). That is, the encoding/decoding apparatus may determine whether at least one of L and A is a DC mode number or less, and the sum of the mode number of L and the mode number of A is 2 or more.
  • the encoding/decoding device may derive MPM list 3 as the MPM list for the current block (S1435).
  • MPM list 3 may be configured as shown in Table 8 below.
  • MPM list 3 is the third to sixth MPM candidates (mpm[2) together with the first MPM candidate (mpm[0]) and the second MPM candidate (mpm[1]) described in Table 4 above. ] ⁇ mpm[5]).
  • satisfying condition 5 may mean that one of L and A is a directional prediction mode and the other is a non-directional prediction mode.
  • the MPM list 3 may include a non-directional prediction mode as the third MPM candidate (mpm[2]) after the first and second MPM candidates.
  • the third MPM candidate (mpm[2]) is derived as a DC mode, or if any one of L and A that is a non-directional mode is a DC mode,
  • the third MPM candidate mpm[2] may be derived in a planner mode.
  • the encoding/decoding device may derive MPM list 2 as the MPM list for the current block ( S1415).
  • both L and A may be non-directional prediction modes.
  • MPM list 2 may be as shown in Table 3 above. Referring to Table 3, since both L and A are non-directional prediction modes, MPM list 2 sets the planner mode and DC mode as the first MPM candidate (mpm[0]) and the second MPM candidate (mpm[1]), respectively. Can be derived. The remaining third to sixth MPM candidates (mpm[2] to mpm[5]) may be derived as shown in Table 3.
  • (directional intra prediction mode + 1), (directional intra prediction mode-1), (directional intra prediction mode + 2), (directional intra prediction mode-2), etc. mathematically add values or It may be subtracted. However, in some cases, it may not simply be mathematically calculated. For example, by subtracting and adding the directional intra prediction mode, a non-directional intra prediction mode in which the consistency of the surrounding intra prediction mode is not maintained may be achieved, or the maximum available intra prediction mode index may be exceeded. For example, a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the directional intra prediction mode may be derived as intra mode 1 representing a DC index (DC mode). Adding 1 to the 66th directional intra prediction mode results in 67, which exceeds the index 66 of the maximum available intra mode.
  • DC mode DC index
  • adding and subtracting modes using a modular arithmetic may be limited as follows. That is, it is possible to prevent a value indicating a non-directional intra prediction mode in which consistency is not maintained or a value exceeding the maximum available intra mode index from being derived.
  • adding and subtracting modes using a modular arithmetic expression can be derived as shown in Table 9 below.
  • 15 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method of constructing an MPM list for a current block.
  • L may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B shown in FIG. 11, and A may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D shown in FIG. 11 described above.
  • L may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D shown in FIG. 11, and A may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B shown in FIG. 11 described above.
  • a symbol is a logical negation operator, which can be referred to as a "not" operator that converts a non-true value to a true value and vice versa.
  • a mark of !7 may represent a value of 0, and a mark of !0 may represent a value of 1.
  • the method of constructing the MPM list according to the embodiment of FIG. 15 is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 14 described above, but is a case where conditions used to construct the MPM list are different. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 15, a detailed configuration of the overlapping configuration with FIG. 14 will be omitted and only different configurations will be described.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus checks condition 1 to determine whether L and A are the same (S1500), and determines whether L (or A) is a directional intra prediction mode when L and A are the same intra prediction mode.
  • Condition 2 can be checked (S1510).
  • condition 2 may be a condition for determining whether “L> DC_idx”.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus constructs the MPM list 1 by deriving the first MPM candidates (mpm[0]) to the sixth MPM candidates (mpm[5]) as shown in Table 2 above. It can be (S1510).
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus derives the first MPM candidate (mpm[0]) to the sixth MPM candidate (mpm[5]) as shown in Table 3 above.
  • List 2 may be configured (S1515).
  • condition 1 when it is determined that L and A are not the same intra prediction mode, the encoding/decoding apparatus may display the first MPM candidates (mpm[0]) and A representing L as shown in Table 4 above. A second MPM candidate (mpm[1]) to be represented may be derived, and the partially shared MPM list 1 may be configured (S1520). Then, the encoding/decoding apparatus checks condition 3 to determine whether L and A are both directional intra prediction modes (S1525), and the remaining MPM candidates (mpm[2] to mpm[5] depending on whether condition 3 is satisfied. ). Condition 3 may be a condition for determining whether “L>DC_idx AND A>DC_idx”.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus may construct the MPM list 5 by deriving the fifth MPM candidate (mpm[4]) and the sixth MPM candidate (mpm[5]) as shown in Table 7 above. S1555).
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus constructs the MPM list 4 by deriving the fifth MPM candidate (mpm[4]) and the sixth MPM candidate (mpm[5]) as shown in Table 6 above. It can be (S1550).
  • the MPM list 4 and the MPM list 5 together with the first to fourth MPM candidates (mpm[0] to mpm[3]) described in Table 4 and Table 5, and the fifth MPM candidate (mpm[4]) and And a sixth MPM candidate (mpm[5]).
  • condition 3 when it is determined that at least one of L and A is a non-directional intra prediction mode, the encoding/decoding apparatus determines whether only one of L and A is a non-directional intra prediction mode.
  • Condition 5 may be checked (S1530). That is, the encoding/decoding apparatus may determine whether at least one of L and A is a DC mode number or less, and the sum of the mode number of L and the mode number of A is 2 or more.
  • the encoding/decoding device is a third MPM candidate (mpm[2]) and a sixth MPM as shown in Table 8 above.
  • MPM list 3 may be constructed by deriving a candidate mpm[5] (S1535).
  • the MPM list 3 includes the remaining MPM candidates (mpm[2]-mpm[5]) together with the first MPM candidate (mpm[0]) and the second MPM candidate (mpm[1]) described in Table 4 above. Can be configured.
  • the encoding/decoding apparatus shows MPM candidates (mpm[0] to mpm[5) as shown in Table 3 above. ]) to construct MPM list 2 (S1515).
  • the method of constructing the MPM list in the above-described embodiments may be performed in the encoding/decoding device.
  • the encoding apparatus derives an optimal intra prediction mode to be applied to the current block, and the derived optimal intra prediction mode includes an MPM list including MPM candidates configured in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. You can judge whether it belongs to. If the intra prediction mode of the current block belongs to an MPM list including MPM candidates, the encoding device may encode the MPM flag and MPM index.
  • the MPM flag may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block belongs to the MPM list (ie, MPM candidates).
  • the MPM index may indicate which MPM mode is applied as an intra prediction mode of a current block among MPM candidates included in the MPM list.
  • the encoding device may encode the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the decoding device may configure the MPM list by applying the same method as in the above-described embodiments as the encoding device. Then, the decoding apparatus receives the MPM flag from the encoding apparatus, and can use this to check whether the intra prediction mode applied to the current block is included in the MPM list (ie, MPM candidates). When the intra prediction mode applied to the current block is included in the MPM list (ie, MPM candidates), the decoding device may derive the intra prediction mode applied to the current block using the MPM index received from the encoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus indexes a prediction mode indicating a specific prediction mode among the remaining prediction modes excluding MPM candidates (or
  • the intra prediction mode applied to the current block may be derived using the residual prediction mode index (remaining mode information).
  • the extended MPM list refers to including 3 or more MPM candidates, and may include 3, 4, 5, or 6 MPM candidates, for example.
  • the left peripheral intra prediction mode (LEFT) may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D in FIG. 11 described above
  • the upper peripheral intra prediction mode (ABOVE) indicates the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B in FIG. 11 described above. Can be represented.
  • the method of using the existing 6 MPM candidates includes a process of searching for positions of various neighboring blocks, a continuous pruning process, steps for generating an MPM list, line buffer requirements, and parsing dependencies, so that complexity increases. Can. Accordingly, a method is proposed in which complexity and throughput are gained in using 6 MPM candidates, such as a method using 3 MPM candidates.
  • an MPM list may be constructed according to an algorithm (ie, pseudo code) shown in Table 10 below.
  • an MPM list of a current block may be generated based on neighbor intra prediction modes LEFT and ABOVE.
  • LEFT may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block D in FIG. 11 described above
  • ABOVE may indicate the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B in FIG. 11 described above.
  • the peripheral block D may indicate a left peripheral block located at the bottom of the left peripheral blocks adjacent to the left side of the current block
  • the peripheral block B is an upper side positioned at the rightmost of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper side of the current block. Peripheral blocks can be represented.
  • intra prediction modes of LEFT and ABOVE can be derived. And, based on the intra prediction mode of LEFT and ABOVE, the MPM list of the current block (ie, MPM candidates) may be set to MPM_ordering_0. At this time, if the LEFT and ABOVE are the same and the LEFT mode number is greater than or equal to the DC mode, the MPM list (ie, MPM candidates) of the current block may be set to MPM_ordering_1. Alternatively, if the LEFT and ABOVE are not the same, and the LEFT mode number is greater than the DC mode and the ABOVE mode number is greater than the DC mode, the MPM list (ie, MPM candidates) of the current block may be set to MPM_ordering_2.
  • the The MPM list (ie, MPM candidates) may be set to MPM_ordering_3.
  • MPM_ordering_0, MPM_ordering_1, MPM_ordering_2, and MPM_ordering_3 may be configured to include MPM candidates in a predetermined order as described in FIGS. 12 to 15 described above.
  • MPM coding of the current block may be performed based on the re-maining mode information.
  • the re-maining mode information may be encoded/decoded by applying truncated binary (TB) coding.
  • TB coding When TB coding is applied, re-maining mode information can be variably generated by generating bits from 1 bit to 5 bits. Therefore, in deriving the re-maining mode information, it is possible to save the number of bits and increase the coding efficiency by performing the TB binarization process.
  • the MPM list may be configured according to an algorithm (ie, specification) shown in Table 11 below.
  • candidate intra prediction modes may be derived based on neighboring blocks of the current block, and an MPM list for the current block may be constructed based on the candidate intra prediction modes.
  • the candidate intra prediction modes may include candidate intra prediction mode A and candidate intra prediction mode B.
  • the candidate intra prediction mode A is to be set as a planner intra prediction mode. Can.
  • the neighboring block A may be the left neighboring block of the current block.
  • the left peripheral block may be a left peripheral block located at the bottom of the left peripheral blocks adjacent to the current block.
  • the neighboring block A is (xCb-1, yCb + cbHeight -1) It may be a block containing samples of coordinates.
  • the peripheral block A may represent the peripheral block D of FIG. 11 described above.
  • the candidate intra prediction mode A may be set as the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block A.
  • candidate intra prediction mode B is a planner intra prediction mode
  • -yCb -1 is less than (( yCb >> CtbLog2SizeY) ⁇ CtbLog2SizeY)
  • the peripheral block B may be an upper peripheral block of the current block.
  • the upper periphery block may be an upper periphery block positioned at the rightmost of the upper periphery blocks adjacent to the current block.
  • the peripheral block B is (xCb+ cbWidth-1, yCb- 1) It may be a block containing samples of coordinates.
  • CtbLog2SizeY may indicate the size of the current CTU
  • (( yCb >> CtbLog2SizeY) ⁇ CtbLog2SizeY) may indicate the coordinates of the upper boundary of the current CTU. That is, when yCb -1 is smaller than (( yCb >> CtbLog2SizeY) ⁇ CtbLog2SizeY ), it may indicate a case where the neighboring block B is outside the range of the current CTU. That is, the above-described condition may indicate a case in which the neighboring block B is outside the range of the current CTU.
  • the candidate intra prediction mode B may be set as the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block B.
  • the MPM list of the current block may be configured as the first MPM list.
  • the first MPM list includes a first MPM candidate representing the candidate intra prediction mode A, a second MPM candidate representing the intra prediction mode of a value obtained by calculating the candidate intra prediction mode A using a logical negation operator, and a third representing the 50 intra prediction mode. It may be composed of an MPM candidate, a fourth MPM candidate representing the intra prediction mode #18, a fifth MPM candidate representing the intra prediction mode #46, and a sixth MPM candidate representing the intra prediction mode #54.
  • the candidate intra prediction mode B and the candidate intra prediction mode A are the same, it may be determined whether the candidate intra prediction mode A is greater than 1. If the candidate intra prediction mode A is greater than 1, the MPM list of the current block may be configured as the second MPM list.
  • the second MPM list includes a first MPM candidate representing candidate intra prediction mode A, a second MPM candidate representing planner intra prediction mode, and a third MPM candidate representing DC intra prediction mode, 2 + ((candIntraPredModeA + 62)% 65) 4 MPM candidate representing intra prediction mode derived by, 5 + MPM candidate representing intra prediction mode derived by 2 + ((candIntraPredModeA-1)% 65), derived by 2 + ((candIntraPredModeA + 61)% 65) It may be configured as a sixth MPM candidate indicating an intra prediction mode.
  • first the first MPM candidate and the second MPM candidate of the current block may be derived.
  • the first MPM candidate may be derived as candidate intra prediction mode A
  • the second MPM candidate may be derived as candidate intra prediction mode B.
  • biggerIdx can be set. If the first MPM candidate is larger than the second MPM candidate, biggerIdx may be derived as 0, and if the first MPM candidate is not larger than the second MPM candidate, biggerIdx may be derived as 1.
  • the candidate intra prediction mode A and the candidate intra prediction mode B are greater than 1 (that is, it may be determined whether the mode number of the candidate intra prediction mode A and the mode number of the candidate intra prediction mode B is greater than 1). ).
  • the third MPM candidate and the fourth MPM candidate of the current block may be derived.
  • the third MPM candidate may be derived as a planar intra prediction mode
  • the fourth MPM candidate may be derived as a DC intra prediction mode.
  • the difference between the MPM candidate indicated by the MPM index having the value of biggerIdx and the MPM index indicated by the MPM index having the value of biggerIdx calculated by using the logical negation operator (that is, !biggerIdx) is neither 64 nor 1 It may be determined whether or not.
  • the fifth MPM candidate and the sixth MPM candidate of the current block may be derived.
  • the 5 MPM candidate is an intra prediction mode derived from 2 + ((candModeList[biggerIdx] + 62)% 65)
  • the 6 MPM candidate is an intra prediction derived from 2 + ((candModeList[biggerIdx]-1)% 65) Mode.
  • the fifth MPM candidate and the sixth MPM candidate of the current block may be derived.
  • the fifth MPM candidate is derived as an intra prediction mode derived from 2 + ((candModeList[biggerIdx] + 61)% 65), and the sixth MPM candidate is derived as an intra prediction mode derived from 2 + (candModeList[biggerIdx]% 65).
  • a third MPM candidate, a fourth MPM candidate, a fifth MPM candidate, and a sixth MPM candidate of the current block may be derived.
  • the third MPM candidate is an intra prediction mode in which the MPM index indicated by the MPM index having the value of biggerIdx calculated as a logical negation operator (that is, !biggerIdx) is a logical negation operator, and the fourth MPM candidate is 2+.
  • an MPM list may be configured according to an algorithm (ie, specification) shown in Table 12 below.
  • candidate intra prediction modes A and B may be derived based on neighboring blocks A and B of the current block.
  • the MPM list may be configured differently according to whether a predetermined condition is satisfied based on the candidate intra prediction mode A and the candidate intra prediction mode B.
  • the mode number difference between the candidate intra prediction mode A and the candidate intra prediction mode B (eg, the difference between the mode numbers of the two candidates is 1 It can be judged based on whether it is larger or smaller than 63).
  • MPM candidates derived in the MPM list may be differently determined as described in Table 12 according to whether these conditions are satisfied.
  • the remaining MPM candidates are derived using a modular arithmetic expression for candidate intra prediction mode A and candidate intra prediction mode B.
  • a modular arithmetic expression for candidate intra prediction mode A and candidate intra prediction mode B.
  • 65 modular arithmetic expressions are used, and in the example of Table 12, 64 modular arithmetic expressions are used.
  • the modular arithmetic expression can be applied differently according to an algorithm in consideration of prediction performance and complexity.
  • modes having similar directionality may be derived as MPM candidates by considering the directionality of the candidate intra prediction mode A and/or the candidate intra prediction mode B, or the candidate intra prediction mode Depending on the mode of A and/or candidate intra prediction mode B, modes in which consistency is not maintained (eg, a non-directional mode) may be derived as MPM candidates. Therefore, by using a modular arithmetic expression, it is possible to derive MPM candidates having a significant angle (ie, directionality), thus improving the performance of intra prediction and increasing efficiency.
  • adding and subtracting an intra prediction mode using 64 modular arithmetic can be applied as shown in Table 13 below.
  • 64 modular arithmetic expressions can be applied to (Intra prediction mode + 1), (Intra prediction mode-1), (Intra prediction mode + 2), and (Intra prediction mode-2) described in Tables 2 to 8 above. In case it can be calculated as in Table 13 below.
  • an MPM list may be configured according to an algorithm (ie, specification) shown in Table 14 below.
  • an MPM list may be configured according to an algorithm (ie, specification) shown in Table 15 below.
  • an MPM list may be configured according to an algorithm (ie, specification) shown in Table 16 below.
  • the intra prediction may use a multi-reference line (MRL) using multiple reference lines.
  • MRL multi-reference line
  • a reference sample line having the highest prediction accuracy is selected from the neighboring multiple reference sample lines of the current block to derive a prediction sample using a reference sample located in the prediction direction in the line, and at this time, the reference sample line used is
  • Intra prediction coding may be performed by instructing (signaling) the decoding apparatus. That is, in the MRL method, intra prediction may be performed by using neighboring samples located in a sample line separated by one to three sample distances to the upper and/or left side of the current block as reference samples.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of reference sample lines for intra prediction using multiple reference lines.
  • the block unit of FIG. 16 may refer to a current block.
  • intra prediction is a reference sample for prediction of reference samples adjacent to the current block (or reference samples that are first closest to the current block, ie, reference samples located at 0 sample distance from the current block). Can be used.
  • multiple reference line (MRL) intra prediction is a method of using reference samples located at a K sample distance (K is an integer greater than or equal to 1) from the left and upper boundaries of the current block, currently It may have more options for reference samples and more accurate prediction performance than intra prediction using reference samples that are first adjacent to the block (ie, located at 0 sample distance).
  • the reference sample of the current block may be referred to as a neighboring sample of the current block or a reference line sample of the current block, and the reference line sample may be referred to as a sample on the reference line.
  • positions of neighboring reference samples located at 0, 1, 2, and 3 sample distances from the current block may be referred to as reference lines 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
  • the reference line may be referred to as a reference sample line, reference sample row, or reference sample column, or may be referred to briefly as a line, row, or column.
  • Reference lines 0, 1, 2, and 3 may be located in an order close to the current block.
  • multiple reference line intra prediction may be performed based on reference lines 1 and 2.
  • multiple reference line intra prediction may be performed based on reference lines 1 and 3.
  • intra-prediction of multiple reference lines in this document is not necessarily limited to these examples.
  • the parsing process of the intra modes may be performed as shown in Table 17 below.
  • the intra_mode_idc syntax element may indicate an intra mode index for indicating intra prediction modes.
  • the following Table 18 shows information indicated by an intra mode index (ie, intra_mode_idc), and shows an intra mode index (ie, intra_mode_idc) value and corresponding intra prediction mode and binarization information.
  • the intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element may indicate a multiple reference line index for indicating a reference line used by the MRL.
  • the intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element may be parsed (encoded/decoded) when the value of intra_mode_idc is 0, as shown in Table 17 above.
  • the following Table 19 shows information indicated by a multiple reference line index (ie, intra_luma_ref_idx), and indicates a multiple reference line index (ie, intra_luma_ref_idx) value, corresponding reference line information, and binarization information. .
  • the intra_luma_mpm_flag syntax element may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is a candidate intra prediction mode included in the MPM list. For example, when the value of intra_luma_mpm_flag is 1, it may indicate that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a candidate intra prediction mode included in the MPM list. Alternatively, when the value of intra_luma_mpm_flag is 0, it may indicate that the intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_idx syntax element is an index of the MPM list array and may indicate an index value for indicating candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element may indicate an index value for indicating remaining intra prediction modes except for candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list.
  • the intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element may be parsed (encoded/decoded) when the value of intra_luma_mpm_flag is 0 as shown in Table 17 above.
  • intra_mode_idc is parsed (encoded/decoded), and whether a specific intra prediction mode (ie, planner mode or DC mode) is applied to the current block based on the parsed intra_mode_idc value, or directional intra prediction mode You can decide if one of them applies.
  • intra_luma_ref_idx may be parsed (encoded/decoded)
  • intra_luma_mpm_flag may be parsed (encoded/decoded) when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is 0.
  • intra_luma_mpm_idx may be parsed (encoded/decoded).
  • intra_luma_mpm_remainder may be parsed (encoded/decoded).
  • a reference line index (that is, intra_luma_ref_idx) may indicate a reference line used in the MRL.
  • the intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element may have values of 0, 1, and 3.
  • a method of constructing an MPM list when the value of the intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element is 0 will be described.
  • the reference line closest to the current block refers to the 0th reference line, and refers to reference samples located at a distance of 0 samples from the current block as described above in FIG. 16.
  • the 0th reference line may include samples of the left reference line first closest to the left boundary of the current block and samples of the upper reference line first closest to the upper boundary of the current block.
  • the left peripheral block and the upper peripheral block of the current block may be used to construct the MPM list.
  • the left peripheral block may indicate the peripheral block D in FIG. 11 described above
  • the upper peripheral block may indicate the peripheral block B in FIG. 11 described above.
  • the peripheral block D may indicate a left peripheral block located at the bottom of the left peripheral blocks adjacent to the left side of the current block
  • the peripheral block B is an upper side positioned at the rightmost of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper side of the current block.
  • Peripheral blocks can be represented.
  • the left peripheral block ie, the peripheral block D in FIG. 11
  • the upper peripheral block ie, peripheral block B of FIG. 11
  • the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block may be represented by the left mode
  • the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block may be indicated by the upper mode. At this time, when the left mode and the upper mode do not exist, the values of the left mode and the upper mode may be inferred as 0.
  • an MPM list may be configured as shown in Table 20 below. That is, the following Table 20 shows an example of an algorithm (ie, pseudo code) that can implement a method of constructing an MPM list when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is 0.
  • the left peripheral block and the upper peripheral block of the current block may be used to construct the MPM list.
  • the left peripheral block may indicate the peripheral block D in FIG. 11 described above
  • the upper peripheral block may indicate the peripheral block B in FIG. 11 described above.
  • the peripheral block D may indicate a left peripheral block located at the bottom of the left peripheral blocks adjacent to the left side of the current block
  • the peripheral block B is an upper side positioned at the rightmost of the neighboring blocks adjacent to the upper side of the current block.
  • Peripheral blocks can be represented.
  • the left peripheral block ie, the peripheral block D in FIG. 11
  • the upper peripheral block ie, peripheral block B of FIG. 11
  • the intra prediction mode of the left neighboring block may be represented by the left mode
  • the intra prediction mode of the upper neighboring block may be indicated by the upper mode. At this time, when the left mode and the upper mode do not exist, the values of the left mode and the upper mode may be inferred as 0.
  • a number_of_angle value may be determined based on a mode number (that is, a mode value) of the left mode and the upper mode, and an MPM list may be constructed based on this.
  • number_of_angle can be determined in the same manner as in Table 21 below.
  • an MPM list may be constructed when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is 0 as shown in Table 22 below. That is, the following Table 22 shows an example of an algorithm (ie, pseudo code) that can implement a method of constructing an MPM list when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is 0.
  • Tables 20 to 22 described above show embodiments of a method of constructing an MPM list when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is 0, and hereinafter, a method of constructing an MPM list when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is greater than 0 will be described. That is, when the value of intra_luma_ref_idx is greater than 0, it may be referred to as an MRL-based MPM list, and may be indicated as MRL_MPM.
  • the MRL-based MPM list may be configured by removing the planar mode (Planar_idx) and DC mode (DC_idx) from the MPM list derived from the above-described embodiments.
  • the MRL-based MPM list (MRL_MPM) indicated by mrl_mpm[4] may have 4 MRL_MPM candidates (ie, 4 MRL_MPM sizes) in the list.
  • Table 23 is an example of an algorithm schematically showing a method of deriving MRL_MPM from an MPM list.
  • 17 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an encoding method that can be performed by an encoding device according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 17 may be performed by the encoding apparatus 200 disclosed in FIG. 2. Specifically, steps S1700 to S1720 of FIG. 17 may be performed by the prediction unit 220 (specifically, the intra prediction unit 222) and/or the entropy encoding unit 240 illustrated in FIG. 2, and the steps of FIG. 17 S1730 may be performed by the entropy encoding unit 240 disclosed in FIG. 2.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 17 may include the embodiments described above in this document. Therefore, in FIG. 17, a detailed description of content overlapping with the above-described embodiments will be omitted or simplified.
  • the encoding device may generate prediction mode indication information indicating whether a specific intra prediction mode is applied to the current block (S1700).
  • the specific intra prediction mode may indicate a planner mode or a DC mode.
  • the prediction mode indication information may indicate whether planner mode or DC mode is applied to the current block.
  • the prediction mode indication information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_mode_idc syntax element, and whether the planner mode, DC mode, or directional intra prediction mode is applied to the current block based on the value of intra_mode_idc. Can be instructed.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate prediction mode indication information (eg, a value of intra_mode_idc) according to whether a specific intra prediction mode (eg, a planner mode or DC mode) is applied to the current block.
  • the encoding device may generate Most Probable Mode (MPM) flag information for the current block based on reference line index information indicating a reference line used for intra prediction of the current block (S1710).
  • MPM Most Probable Mode
  • the reference line index information indicates a reference line used for intra-prediction based on multiple reference lines (MRL), as described above, and surrounding references located at 0, 1, 2, and 3 sample distances from the current block. It may be information indicating samples.
  • the reference line index information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element, and may indicate any one of the reference lines 0, 1, 2, and 3 based on the value of intra_luma_ref_idx. For example, when the value of the reference line index information (eg, intra_luma_ref_idx) is 0, it indicates that intra prediction is performed using samples of the reference line (reference line 0 in FIG.
  • intra_luma_ref_idx 1 to 3
  • the encoding apparatus when the value of the reference line index information (eg, intra_luma_ref_idx) is 0 (that is, when intra prediction is performed using samples of the reference line that is closest to the current block), the encoding apparatus performs MPM flag information. Can generate Alternatively, when the value of the reference line index information (for example, intra_luma_ref_idx) is not 0 (that is, when intra prediction is performed using any one of the second to fourth nearest reference lines to the current block), the encoding apparatus uses the MPM flag. Information may not be encoded.
  • the MPM flag information may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is derived based on candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list.
  • MPM flag information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_flag syntax element.
  • the value of the MPM flag information eg intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • the value of the MPM flag information eg intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • it may represent that the intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list.
  • the encoding device determines MPM flag information (eg, intra-prediction mode of the current block is one of candidate intra-prediction modes included in the MPM list): intra_luma_mpm_flag) may be determined.
  • MPM flag information eg, intra-prediction mode of the current block is one of candidate intra-prediction modes included in the MPM list: intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • the encoding apparatus indicates the intra prediction mode of the current block in the MPM list for the current block based on the case where the prediction mode indication information indicates that a specific intra prediction mode is not applied to the current block and the value of the MPM flag information is 1
  • the indicated MPM index information may be generated (S1720).
  • the encoding apparatus when the prediction mode indication information indicates that the planner mode or the DC mode is not applied to the current block, and when the value of the MPM flag information is 1, the encoding apparatus is a candidate intra prediction mode for the current block
  • the intra prediction mode of the current block may be derived based on the MPM list including the.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate index values indicating the candidate intra prediction mode derived as the intra prediction mode of the current block from among the candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list, as MPM index information.
  • the MPM index information may be an index value indicating which candidate intra prediction mode is applied as an intra prediction mode of the current block among candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list.
  • the MPM index information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_idx syntax element, and may indicate any one of candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list based on the value of intra_luma_mpm_idx. For example, when the value of intra_luma_mpm_idx is 0, it may indicate a candidate intra prediction mode located in the first order in the MPM list.
  • the encoding device may generate remaining mode information for the current block. And, in this case, the encoding device may signal by encoding the re-maining mode information.
  • the re-maining mode information may indicate the intra prediction mode for the current block among the remaining intra prediction modes except for the candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list and a specific intra prediction mode (eg, a planner mode or a DC mode).
  • the re-maining mode information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element, and may indicate the intra prediction mode of the current block based on the value of intra_luma_mpm_remainder.
  • the intra prediction mode may include two non-directional intra prediction modes (planner mode, DC mode) and 65 directional intra prediction modes (intra prediction modes 2 to 66).
  • the re-maining mode information indicates one of the candidate intra-prediction modes in the MPM list and 67 other intra-prediction modes except for a specific intra-prediction mode (eg, a planner mode or a DC mode) in 67 intra-prediction modes. It may be an index value.
  • a specific intra-prediction mode eg, a planner mode or a DC mode
  • the encoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the current block in generating MPM flag information, MPM index information, and re-maining mode information. Also, the encoding device may construct an MPM list for the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may perform various intra prediction modes on the current block to derive an intra prediction mode having an optimal rate-distortion (RD) cost, and determine it as an intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive an optimal intra prediction mode for the current block based on intra prediction modes including two non-directional intra prediction modes and 65 intra-directional prediction modes. 67 intra prediction modes are as described above with reference to FIG. 10.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate information regarding the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the information on the intra prediction mode is information for indicating the intra prediction mode of the current block, and may include MPM flag information, MPM index information, re-maining mode information, and the like.
  • the encoding device may determine whether the determined intra prediction mode of the current block is included in candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list, and generate MPM flag information according to the determination result. For example, if an intra prediction mode for a current block is included among candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list, the encoding apparatus may set MPM flag information to 1. Alternatively, if the intra prediction mode for the current block is not included among candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list, the encoding apparatus may set MPM flag information to 0.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate MPM index information indicating an intra prediction mode for a current block among MPM candidates.
  • the encoding apparatus re-means the intra prediction mode for the current block among the remaining intra prediction modes except the candidate intra prediction modes. Inning mode information can be generated.
  • the encoding device derives a left mode, which is a candidate intra prediction mode for the left neighboring block of the current block, and a top mode, which is a candidate intra prediction mode for the upper neighboring block of the current block, and the left mode and
  • the candidate intra prediction modes can be derived based on the upper mode to construct an MPM list.
  • Various embodiments described above may be applied to the process of constructing the MPM list, which has been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15 and Tables 1 to 23, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • candidate intra prediction modes may be derived by applying a modular arithmetic operation.
  • candidate intra prediction modes are candidate intra prediction modes derived based on (((the left mode or the upper mode) + 61)% 64) + 2, (((((the left mode or the upper mode)) -1) candidate intra prediction mode derived based on% 64) + 2, (((left mode or upper mode) + 60)% 64) + candidate intra prediction mode derived based on 2, and (( The left mode or the upper mode) may include at least one of candidate intra prediction modes derived based on% 64) + 2.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate prediction samples for the current block by performing intra prediction based on the intra prediction mode determined for the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus may derive at least one neighboring sample of neighboring samples of the current block based on the intra prediction mode, and generate predictive samples based on the neighboring sample.
  • the surrounding samples may include a sample around the top left corner of the current block, samples around the top, and samples around the left.
  • the left peripheral samples are p[xN-1][yN] to p[xN-1][2H+yN-1], p[xN-1][yN-1] for the upper left corner sample, and p[xN][yN-1] to p[2W+ for the upper peripheral sample.
  • the encoding device may encode image information including information on intra prediction for the current block (S1730).
  • the information regarding intra prediction may include the above-described prediction mode indication information, reference line index information, MPM flag information, MPM index information, re-maining mode information, and the like. That is, the encoding device may encode image information including at least one of the prediction mode indication information, reference line index information, MPM flag information, MPM index information, and re-maining mode information.
  • the encoding device may derive residual samples for the current block based on original samples and prediction samples for the current block, and generate information about residuals for the current block based on the residual samples. have.
  • the encoding device may encode video information including information on residuals and output in bitstream form.
  • the residual information may include information such as value information of the quantized transform coefficients derived by performing transform and quantization on residual samples, location information, a transform technique, a transform kernel, and quantization parameters.
  • the bitstream can be transmitted to a decoding device via a network or (digital) storage medium.
  • the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
  • the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, SSD.
  • the above-described process of generating prediction samples for the current block may be performed by the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding device 200 disclosed in FIG. 2, and the process of deriving residual samples may be performed by the encoding device disclosed in FIG. 2 It can be performed by the subtraction unit 231 of 200, the process of generating and encoding the residual information to the residual processing unit 230 and the entropy encoding unit 240 of the encoding apparatus 200 disclosed in FIG. Can be performed by
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a decoding method that can be performed by a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present document.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 18 may be performed by the decoding apparatus 300 disclosed in FIG. 3. Specifically, steps S1800 to S1820 of FIG. 18 may be performed by the entropy decoding unit 310 and/or the prediction unit 330 (specifically, the intra prediction unit 331) illustrated in FIG. 3, and the steps of FIG. 18 S1830 to S1840 may be performed by the prediction unit 330 (specifically, the intra prediction unit 331) illustrated in FIG. 3, and step S1850 of FIG. 18 may be performed by the addition unit 340 illustrated in FIG. 3. have.
  • the method disclosed in FIG. 18 may include the embodiments described above in this document. Therefore, in FIG. 18, a detailed description of content overlapping with the above-described embodiments will be omitted or simplified.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain prediction mode indication information indicating whether a specific intra prediction mode is applied to the current block (S1800).
  • the specific intra prediction mode may indicate a planner mode or a DC mode.
  • the prediction mode indication information may indicate whether planner mode or DC mode is applied to the current block.
  • the prediction mode indication information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_mode_idc syntax element, and whether the planner mode, DC mode, or directional intra prediction mode is applied to the current block based on the value of intra_mode_idc. Can be instructed.
  • the decoding apparatus may acquire and decode prediction mode indication information (eg, intra_mode_idc), and a specific intra prediction mode (eg, planner mode or DC mode) is assigned to the current block based on the decoded information (eg, the value of intra_mode_idc). You can decide whether it applies.
  • decode prediction mode indication information eg, intra_mode_idc
  • a specific intra prediction mode eg, planner mode or DC mode
  • the decoding apparatus may acquire Most Probable Mode (MPM) flag information for the current block based on reference line index information indicating a reference line used for intra prediction of the current block (S1810).
  • MPM Most Probable Mode
  • the reference line index information indicates a reference line used for intra-prediction based on multiple reference lines (MRL), as described above, and surrounding references located at 0, 1, 2, and 3 sample distances from the current block. It may be information indicating samples.
  • the reference line index information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_ref_idx syntax element, and may indicate any one of the reference lines 0, 1, 2, and 3 based on the value of intra_luma_ref_idx. For example, when the value of the reference line index information (eg, intra_luma_ref_idx) is 0, it indicates that intra prediction is performed using samples of the reference line (reference line 0 in FIG.
  • intra_luma_ref_idx 1 to 3
  • the decoding apparatus when the value of the reference line index information (eg, intra_luma_ref_idx) is 0 (that is, when intra prediction is performed using samples of the reference line that is closest to the current block), the decoding apparatus decodes MPM flag information. Can be obtained and decoded.
  • the decoding apparatus uses the MPM flag. Information may not be parsed (ie, decoded).
  • the MPM flag information may indicate whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is derived based on candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list.
  • MPM flag information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_flag syntax element.
  • the value of the MPM flag information eg intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • the value of the MPM flag information eg intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • it may represent that the intra prediction mode of the current block is not included in the MPM list.
  • the decoding apparatus indicates MPM flag information (eg, intra_luma_mpm_flag) indicating whether the intra prediction mode of the current block is one of candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list. ) Can be parsed.
  • MPM flag information eg, intra_luma_mpm_flag
  • the decoding apparatus indicates the intra prediction mode of the current block in the MPM list for the current block based on the case where the prediction mode indication information indicates that a specific intra prediction mode is not applied to the current block and the value of the MPM flag information is 1
  • the indicated MPM index information may be obtained (S1820).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive the intra prediction mode of the current block from the MPM list for the current block based on the MPM index information (S1830).
  • the decoding apparatus when the prediction mode indication information indicates that the planner mode or the DC mode is not applied to the current block, and when the value of the MPM flag information is 1, the decoding apparatus acquires MPM index information and decodes it. Can. Then, the decoding apparatus may derive the intra prediction mode of the current block based on the MPM list and MPM index information. That is, the decoding apparatus may derive the candidate intra prediction mode indicated by the MPM index information from among the candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list as the intra prediction mode of the current block.
  • the MPM index information may be an index value indicating which candidate intra prediction mode is applied as an intra prediction mode of the current block among candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list.
  • the MPM index information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_idx syntax element, and may indicate any one of candidate intra prediction modes in the MPM list based on the value of intra_luma_mpm_idx. For example, when the value of intra_luma_mpm_idx is 0, it may indicate a candidate intra prediction mode located in the first order in the MPM list.
  • the decoding apparatus may obtain and decode remaining mode information for the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive an intra prediction mode of the current block based on the MPM list and re-maining mode information.
  • the re-maining mode information may indicate the intra prediction mode for the current block among the remaining intra prediction modes except for the candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list and a specific intra prediction mode (eg, a planner mode or a DC mode).
  • the re-maining mode information may be represented in the form of the above-described intra_luma_mpm_remainder syntax element, and may indicate the intra prediction mode of the current block based on the value of intra_luma_mpm_remainder.
  • the intra prediction mode may include two non-directional intra prediction modes (planner mode, DC mode) and 65 directional intra prediction modes (intra prediction modes 2 to 66).
  • the re-maining mode information indicates one of the candidate intra-prediction modes in the MPM list and 67 other intra-prediction modes except for a specific intra-prediction mode (eg, a planner mode or a DC mode) in 67 intra-prediction modes. It may be an index value.
  • a specific intra-prediction mode eg, a planner mode or a DC mode
  • the decoding apparatus may construct an MPM list for the current block.
  • the decoding device derives an upper mode that is a candidate intra prediction mode for a neighboring block above the current block and a left mode that is a candidate intra prediction mode for a left neighboring block of the current block, and is based on the left mode and the upper mode.
  • candidate intra prediction modes can be derived to construct an MPM list.
  • Various embodiments described above may be applied to the process of constructing the MPM list, which has been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15 and Tables 1 to 23, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • candidate intra prediction modes may be derived by applying a modular arithmetic operation.
  • candidate intra prediction modes are candidate intra prediction modes derived based on (((the left mode or the upper mode) + 61)% 64) + 2, (((((the left mode or the upper mode)) -1) candidate intra prediction mode derived based on% 64) + 2, (((left mode or upper mode) + 60)% 64) + candidate intra prediction mode derived based on 2, and (( The left mode or the upper mode) may include at least one of candidate intra prediction modes derived based on% 64) + 2.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate prediction samples for the current block based on the intra prediction mode (S1840).
  • the decoding apparatus may derive at least one peripheral reference sample of the neighboring reference samples of the current block based on the intra prediction mode derived as described above, and generate predictive samples based on the peripheral reference sample can do.
  • the peripheral reference samples may include the upper left corner peripheral sample, the upper peripheral samples, and the left peripheral samples of the current block.
  • the left peripheral samples are p[xN-1][yN] to p[xN-1][2H+yN-1], p[xN-1][yN-1] for the upper left corner sample, and p[xN][yN-1] to p[2W+ for the upper peripheral sample.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture for the current block based on the predicted samples (S1850).
  • the decoding apparatus may directly use prediction samples as reconstruction samples according to a prediction mode, or may generate reconstruction samples by adding residual samples to the prediction samples.
  • the decoding apparatus may receive information about the residual for the current block.
  • the information about the residual may include a transform coefficient for residual samples.
  • the decoding apparatus may derive residual samples (or residual sample arrays) for the current block based on the residual information.
  • the decoding apparatus may generate reconstructed samples based on predicted samples and residual samples, and derive a reconstructed block or reconstructed picture based on the reconstructed samples.
  • the decoding apparatus may apply deblocking filtering and/or in-loop filtering procedures, such as SAO procedures, to the reconstructed picture to improve subjective/objective image quality, if necessary.
  • the above-described method according to the present document may be implemented in software form, and the encoding device and/or the decoding device according to the present document may perform image processing of, for example, a TV, computer, smartphone, set-top box, display device, etc. Device.
  • the above-described method may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) performing the above-described function.
  • Modules are stored in memory and can be executed by a processor.
  • the memory may be internal or external to the processor, and may be connected to the processor by various well-known means.
  • the processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and/or data processing devices.
  • the memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory cards, storage media and/or other storage devices. That is, the embodiments described in this document may be implemented and implemented on a processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip.
  • the functional units shown in each figure may be implemented and implemented on a computer, processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip. In this case, information for implementation (ex. information on instructions) or an algorithm may be stored in a digital storage medium.
  • the decoding device and encoding device to which the present document is applied include multimedia broadcast transmission/reception devices, mobile communication terminals, home cinema video devices, digital cinema video devices, surveillance cameras, video communication devices, real-time communication devices such as video communication, mobile streaming Devices, storage media, camcorders, video on demand (VoD) service providers, over the top video (OTT video) devices, Internet streaming service providers, 3D (3D) video devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, AR (argumente) reality) device, video telephony video device, transportation terminal (ex. vehicle (including self-driving vehicle) terminal, airplane terminal, ship terminal, etc.) and medical video device, and can be used to process video signals or data signals Can.
  • the OTT video (Over the top video) device may include a game console, a Blu-ray player, an Internet-connected TV, a home theater system, a smartphone, a tablet PC, and a digital video recorder (DVR).
  • DVR digital video recorder
  • the processing method to which the present document is applied may be produced in the form of a program executed by a computer, and may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
  • Multimedia data having a data structure according to this document can also be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of storage devices and distributed storage devices in which computer-readable data is stored.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes, for example, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Universal Serial Bus (USB), ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk and optical. It may include a data storage device.
  • the computer-readable recording medium includes media implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission via the Internet).
  • the bitstream generated by the encoding method may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium or transmitted through a wired or wireless communication network.
  • embodiments of the present document may be implemented as a computer program product using program codes, and the program codes may be executed on a computer by the embodiments of the present document.
  • the program code can be stored on a computer readable carrier.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of a content streaming system to which the embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
  • a content streaming system applied to embodiments of the present document may largely include an encoding server, a streaming server, a web server, a media storage, a user device, and a multimedia input device.
  • the encoding server serves to compress a content input from multimedia input devices such as a smartphone, a camera, and a camcorder into digital data to generate a bitstream and transmit it to the streaming server.
  • multimedia input devices such as a smart phone, a camera, and a camcorder directly generate a bitstream
  • the encoding server may be omitted.
  • the bitstream may be generated by an encoding method or a bitstream generation method applied to embodiments of the present document, and the streaming server may temporarily store the bitstream in the process of transmitting or receiving the bitstream. .
  • the streaming server transmits multimedia data to a user device based on a user request through a web server, and the web server serves as an intermediary to inform the user of the service.
  • the web server delivers it to the streaming server, and the streaming server transmits multimedia data to the user.
  • the content streaming system may include a separate control server, in which case the control server serves to control commands/responses between devices in the content streaming system.
  • the streaming server may receive content from a media storage and/or encoding server. For example, when content is received from the encoding server, the content may be received in real time. In this case, in order to provide a smooth streaming service, the streaming server may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.
  • Examples of the user device include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a personal digital assistants (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation, a slate PC, Tablet PCs, ultrabooks, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, head mounted displays (HMDs)), digital TVs, desktops Computers, digital signage, and the like.
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • slate PC slate PC
  • Tablet PCs tablet PCs
  • ultrabooks ultrabooks
  • wearable devices e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, head mounted displays (HMDs)
  • digital TVs desktops Computers, digital signage, and the like.
  • Each server in the content streaming system can be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server can be distributed.

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Abstract

Un procédé de décodage d'image selon la présente invention acquiert des informations d'indication de mode de prédiction indiquant si un mode d'intraprédiction spécifique est appliqué à un bloc actuel, acquiert des informations de drapeau de MPM concernant le bloc actuel en fonction du cas dans lequel une valeur d'informations d'indice de ligne de référence indiquant une ligne de référence utilisée pour une intraprédiction du bloc actuel est égale à zéro, acquiert des informations d'indice de MPM concernant le bloc actuel en fonction du cas dans lequel les informations d'indication de mode de prédiction indiquent que le mode d'intraprédiction spécifique n'est pas appliqué au bloc actuel et la valeur des informations de drapeau de MPM est égale à un, dérive un mode d'intraprédiction du bloc actuel à partir d'une liste de MPM pour le bloc actuel en fonction des informations d'indice de MPM, produit des échantillons de prédiction pour le bloc actuel en fonction du mode d'intraprédiction, et produit une image reconstruite pour le bloc actuel en fonction des échantillons de prédiction.
PCT/KR2020/000490 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image à base d'intraprédiction utilisant une liste de mpm WO2020145735A1 (fr)

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WO2023202557A1 (fr) * 2022-04-19 2023-10-26 Mediatek Inc. Procédé et appareil de construction de liste de modes les plus probables basés sur une déduction en mode intra côté décodeur dans un système de codage vidéo

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WO2017190288A1 (fr) * 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Prédiction intra-images à l'aide de lignes de référence non-adjacentes de valeurs d'échantillon
US20180332284A1 (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-11-15 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Intra-Prediction With Multiple Reference Lines
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KR20130100662A (ko) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-11 주식회사 팬택 후보 화면 내 예측 모드 결정 방법 및 이러한 방법을 사용하는 장치
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WO2017190288A1 (fr) * 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Prédiction intra-images à l'aide de lignes de référence non-adjacentes de valeurs d'échantillon
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WO2023202557A1 (fr) * 2022-04-19 2023-10-26 Mediatek Inc. Procédé et appareil de construction de liste de modes les plus probables basés sur une déduction en mode intra côté décodeur dans un système de codage vidéo

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