WO2020141967A1 - Procédé de conversion d'un effluent liquide de moulin à huile de palme en une biomasse solide pour faciliter le recyclage - Google Patents

Procédé de conversion d'un effluent liquide de moulin à huile de palme en une biomasse solide pour faciliter le recyclage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020141967A1
WO2020141967A1 PCT/MY2019/000052 MY2019000052W WO2020141967A1 WO 2020141967 A1 WO2020141967 A1 WO 2020141967A1 MY 2019000052 W MY2019000052 W MY 2019000052W WO 2020141967 A1 WO2020141967 A1 WO 2020141967A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drying
palm oil
liquid effluent
biodrying
evaporating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2019/000052
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sivasothy Kandiah
Lim Chai BENG
Tan Yu HWA
Chiang Chuen SHIN
Original Assignee
Palmite Process Engineering Sdn Bhd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Palmite Process Engineering Sdn Bhd filed Critical Palmite Process Engineering Sdn Bhd
Publication of WO2020141967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020141967A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/004—Liquid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. wash-water, milling fluid, filtrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a method for treating liquid effluent discharged from palm oil mills to comply with the stringent discharge standards in environmentally sensitive areas, and in particular to a method for converting the liquid effluent to a solid biomass with significantly reduced moisture content to make it suitable for recycling either as a biofuel or as a biofertilizer.
  • POME liquid palm oil mill effluent
  • FFB fresh fruit bunches
  • POME is a colloidal slurry containing water, oil, cellulosic fruit debris, sand and water-soluble dissolved components originating from palm fruits. It is non-toxic as no chemicals are added during the oil extraction process. It is made up of about 94 percent water, 1 percent oil and 5 percent solids.
  • POME is characterized by a high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and has to be treated to discharge standards stipulated by the Department of Environment (DOE). It is widely acknowledged that a more effective method of treating POME than the widely used anaerobic/aerobic ponding system is needed to comply with the more stringent discharge standards in environmentally sensitive areas.
  • BOD biological oxygen demand
  • DOE Department of Environment
  • the invention disclosed herein addresses the problems currently faced with the use of conventional evaporation and drying systems for significantly reducing the moisture content of the liquid effluent discharged from palm oil mills to facilitate achieving zero discharge.
  • Reduction in the moisture content of either untreated or partially treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) using an evaporation system, followed by mixing with one or more bulking materials and drying makes it possible to convert POME to a solid biomass with significantly reduced moisture content that is suitable for use either as a biofuel or as a biofertilizer.
  • the liquid effluent in the present invention may be either untreated (raw) or partially treated POME. If partially treated POME, it may be either the liquor from anaerobic digestion of POME or the liquor from aerobic digestion of POME.
  • the liquid effluent may be pre-treated prior to evaporation to minimize fouling of the evaporation means, producing a clarified sludge for evaporating and sludge solids.
  • the separation of the suspended solids is advantageously carried out using a mechanical separation means, such as decanting centrifuge, a belt press, a filter press or a multi-disk screw press, or combination thereof.
  • the liquid effluent may be chemically dosed to assist in the flocculation of solids to improve the separation of solids by the mechanical separation means.
  • the clarified sludge discharged from the mechanical separation means will consist mainly of water, dissolved solids and fine fibrous suspended solids.
  • a stripping means may also be used prior to evaporation for the removal of soluble volatile components in the feed to the evaporation means that are responsible for foaming during evaporation. This produces a stripped sludge for evaporating and volatile components. This is normally achieved using steam as the stripping medium. Steam stripping allows for the removal of the heavier soluble organics that cannot be removed by air stripping.
  • the use of a multiple-effect evaporator system makes possible the removal of moisture from the liquid effluent using a fraction of the energy required by a drier to remove an equal amount of moisture.
  • the evaporation may be carried out using various of types of evaporators.
  • the falling film evaporation method and rising film evaporation method can be used when the viscosity of the product being evaporated is sufficiently low.
  • the most suitable evaporators for highly viscous products are forced circulation evaporators and scraped surface evaporators or evaporators using a combination of these two evaporation methods.
  • the concentrated sludge discharged from the evaporation means is mixed with one or more bulking materials to increase its porosity to facilitate drying.
  • a fluffy material generated by the palm oil milling process that has low bulk density should ideally be used as the bulking material.
  • the bulking material used should have a significantly lower moisture content than the concentrated sludge discharged from the evaporation means.
  • the use of the bulking material facilitates air movement during drying due to the increase in voids ratio.
  • the voids ratio is an important parameter since it controls both air and moisture movement during drying.
  • Ideal bulking materials available for this purpose in a palm oil mill are empty fruit bunches and palm fruit fibre, or a combination thereof. Empty fruit bunches may be shredded and/or pressed before it is used as bulking material. A portion of the solid biomass may be recycled back for mixing if the amount of bulking material generated by the palm oil milling process is insufficient.
  • the amount of water removed by evaporation must ensure that the moisture content of the mixed biomass is less than 65% to ensure sufficient porosity in the mixed biomass to facilitate drying.
  • the mixed biomass is subsequendy dried to produce the solid biomass.
  • the amount of moisture removed by drying is kept to the minimum needed to facilitate its intended usage.
  • its moisture content should be in the range of 10% to 50%. At this moisture content, the solid biomass can be recycled back to oil palm plantations for use as mulch.
  • its moisture content should preferably be less than 40%. At this moisture content, its net calorific value will be sufficiently high to permit its use as boiler fuel. Hence, only about 50% to 65% of the water in the mixed biomass needs to be removed by drying, thus minimizing the energy consumption and the drying time needed, making drying a relatively cost-effective and energy-efficient operation.
  • Drying of the mixed biomass can be achieved using an external heating source, such as in convection dryers, where the drying medium directly contacts the material to be dried and carries away the evaporated moisture.
  • Some cost-effective convection dryers that can be used for this purpose are rotary dryers and conveyor dryers or combination thereof. Drying using convection dryers can be achieved using either hot air or the flue gas generated by boilers used in palm oil mills as the drying medium. The drying time will be short (about an hour or less) because of the external heat supplied.
  • a slightly inclined rotating metal cylinder is fitted internally with flights to cause the material being dried to cascade through a stream of hot air as it moves through the dryer.
  • the design of the rotary dryer can be customized to suit processing needs, including the flight design and pattern, percent fill, retention time and size.
  • a conveyor dryer the material being dried is evenly spread onto a slowly moving conveyor. The conveyor moves through a drying chamber that is heated using hot air. The use of a multi-deck conveyor system facilitates the use of longer drying times, intermittent turning of the material being dried and significant savings in the floor space required.
  • the hot air that flows through either of the abovementioned dryers can flow in the same direction (co-current) or in the opposite direction (counter-current) to the material flow. Since the product being dried is not thermo-sensitive, the temperature of the air used for drying can be raised to achieve higher evaporation rates. With parallel (co current) flow, only high moisture content material comes into contact with the hot gases and, as a result, higher evaporation rates can be achieved than when using counter-current flow.
  • Drying of the mixed biomass can also be achieved using internal heat generated by biodrying.
  • Biodrying is the process by which biodegradable waste is rapidly heated through the initial stages of composting to remove moisture from the waste and hence reduce its overall weight. Heat to facilitate the biodrying process is generated by the aerobic degradation of the biodegradable waste by living microorganisms. The drying rate is further augmented by aeration. Mixing the concentrated sludge with one or more bulking materials to produce a porous medium also facilitate biodrying. The improved porosity facilitates oxygen transport to the aerobic microorganisms to the facilitate biodrying process and moisture movement.
  • the moisture content of the feed to the biodrying process should preferably be less than 65%.
  • the time needed for biodrying will be significantly longer than drying using externally supplied heat.
  • the biodrying process can normally be completed in less than one month. Shredding of empty fruit bunches will convert it to a more homogenous mass and accelerate the biodrying process.
  • Composting accelerators may be added at the start of the biodrying process to shorten the biodrying time. The main advantage over normal drying is that no external heat source is needed to facilitate drying.
  • Biodrying can be achieved using either a windrowing system or an in-vessel system, or combination thereof.
  • the windrowing system is more suitable for the large quantities of waste generated by palm oil mills.
  • In-vessel or reactor biodrying systems can be used as an alternative to the windrowing system to provide a more environmentally-acceptable solution that can be operated under all weather conditions.
  • In-vessel bio-drying occurs within a contained vessel, enabling the operator to maintain closer control over the process.
  • in-vessel bio-drying Compared to windrowing system, in-vessel bio-drying generally requires less land area and less manpower to operate the plant. These systems tend to be more costly then windrowing systems because of the increased mechanization. The power consumption and the operating and maintenance costs of such plants are also likely to be higher.
  • the condensate discharged from the evaporation means may be treated biologically, chemically (for example using biocides), physically (for example using microfilters, ultrafilters, nanofilters, reverse osmosis or granular activated carbon filters), or a combination thereof, and recycled for use in the palm oil mill.
  • the condensate that is not recycled back to the palm oil mill can be treated biologically using a small effluent treatment plant, such as a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) or membrane bioreactor (MBR), before it is discharged.
  • SBR sequencing batch reactor
  • MLR membrane bioreactor
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific terms so selected and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.
  • the liquid effluent may be either untreated (raw) or partially treated POME.
  • the partially treated POME may either be the liquor from anaerobic digestion of POME or the liquor from aerobic digestion of POME.
  • the liquid effluent 200 is optionally pre-treated 201 to remove suspended solids prior to evaporation.
  • the use of a mechanical separation means for pre-treatment 201 generates two phases.
  • One phase is sludge solids 202 having moisture content less than 80%.
  • Another phase is clarified sludge 203 containing reduced solids content.
  • the separation is advantageously carried out using a decanting centrifuge, a belt press, a filter press or a multi-disk screw press.
  • the liquid effluent 200 may be chemically dosed to assist in the flocculation of solids to improve the separation of solids by the mechanical separation means.
  • the clarified sludge 203 discharged from the mechanical separation means will consist mainly of water, dissolved solids and fine fibrous suspended solids.
  • the liquid effluent 200 or clarified sludge 203 may be optionally treated using stripping means 204 prior to evaporation for the removal of soluble volatile components in the feed to the evaporation means to minimize foaming during evaporation. This is normally achieved using steam as the stripping medium.
  • the use of steam stripping means 204 generates two phases. One is volatile components 205 and the other is stripped sludge 205 with significantly reduced concentration of the volatile components responsible for foaming during evaporation.
  • Steam stripping 204 is usually carried using either continuous contact or staged contact distillation columns, with the liquid effluent 200 introduced at the top of the column and steam introduced at the bottom.
  • the steam stripping column utilizes trays or packing internals to facilitate contact between the liquid effluent and the steam.
  • the vapour that comes off the top of the stripping column may be condensed.
  • the higher temperature used for steam stripping compared to air stripping allows for the removal of the heavier, more-soluble organics that are not strippable with air.
  • the liquid effluent 200, clarified sludge 203 or stripped sludge 206 is processed using evaporating means 207 to remove the bulk of the water and other volatile components that it contains in an energy-efficient manner to form concentrated sludge 209 and condensate 208 containing the water and volatile components removed.
  • Evaporation 207 may be carried out by using a falling film evaporator, a rising film evaporator, a forced circulation evaporator, a scraped surface evaporator or an evaporator using a combination of these evaporation methods.
  • the use of the falling film and rising film evaporation methods should be limited to the first few stages of a multiple-effect evaporator system when the viscosity of the product being evaporated is still sufficiently low.
  • Scraped surface evaporation or forced circulation evaporation methods will be used to minimize fouling of the evaporator as the concentration of solids increases.
  • the scraped surface evaporation method is advantageously used as the final evaporation stage of a multiple-effect evaporation system to achieve a very high concentration of solids.
  • Concentrated sludge 209 is then mixed with one or more bulking materials 211, such as empty fruit bunches or palm fruit fibre, to form mixed biomass 212.
  • Empty fruit bunches may be shredded and pressed before it is used as bulking material.
  • the sludge solids 202 discharged from pre- treatment means 201 and/or boiler ash may also be mixed.
  • the amount of water removed from the feed liquor 200 by evaporation 207 must ensure that the moisture content of the mixed biomass 212 is less than 65 percent to ensure sufficient porosity ' in the mixed biomass to facilitate drying.
  • Mixed biomass 212 is dried using a drying means 213 to generate solid biomass 214.
  • the amount of moisture removed by drying is kept to the minimum needed to facilitate its intended usage. To facilitate the usage of the solid biomass as a bio fertilizer, its moisture content should be less than 50 percent. At this moisture content, the solid biomass can be recycled back to oil palm plantations for use as mulch.
  • its moisture content should preferably be less than 40 percent. At this moisture content, its nett calorific value will be sufficiently high to permit its use as boiler fuel. Hence, only about 50 to 65 percent of the water in the mixed biomass needs to be removed by drying, thus minimizing the energy consumption and the drying time needed, making drying a relatively cost-effective and energy-efficient operation.
  • Drying of the mixed biomass 212 may be achieved using convection dryers where the drying medium directly contacts the material to be dried and carries away the evaporated moisture.
  • Some cost-effective convection dryers that can be used for this purpose are rotary dryers and conveyor dryers. Drying using convection dryers can be achieved using either hot air or the flue gas generated by boilers used in palm oil mills as the drying medium. The drying time will be short (about an hour or less) because of the external heat supplied.
  • Drying 213 of the mixed biomass 212 may also be achieved by using a biodrying means.
  • Biodrying is a drying technique that relies on the heat generated by the metabolic activities during composting as well as forced aeration to reduce the moisture content of wet biomass. Biodrying is advantageously carried out using either the windrowing technique or a version of the in-vessel biodrying technique in a fully-roofed and weather-proof building to reduce the moisture content from about 65% to below 50 %. The amount of water removed by evaporation is controlled to ensure that the moisture content of the feed to the biodrying means is below 65% after mixing with the concentrated sludge discharged from the evaporation system.
  • Composting accelerators may be added at the start of the biodrying process.
  • the mixture in the biodrying means is turned periodically to homogenize and aerate it, and a portion of the discharge from the biodrying means may be recycled to increase the percentage of bulking material in the feed to the biodrying means.
  • Condensate 208 may be treated biologically, chemically, physically, or a combination thereof, and recycled for use in the palm oil mill, or otherwise it is treated biologically using a small effluent treatment plant before it is discharged.
  • the present invention finds ready industrial applicability in the palm oil industry as it is a method for converting the liquid effluent discharged from palm oil mills from a product having very little economic value and requiring substantial investment for its treatment to comply with regulations on discharge standards to a product that can be used either as a biofuel or as a biofertilizer.
  • the invention provides a simple method for addressing the problems faced with the use of evaporation and drying systems to achieve zero discharge of liquid effluent from palm oil mills.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un effluent liquide (200) évacué du processus d'extraction d'huile de palme par conversion de ce dernier en une biomasse solide (214) ayant une teneur en humidité considérablement réduite pour le rendre approprié au recyclage soit en tant que biocarburant, soit en tant que biofertilisant. L'effluent liquide (200) peut être initialement prétraité à l'aide d'un moyen de séparation mécanique pour réduire sa teneur en solides en suspension et/ou traité à l'aide d'un moyen de distillation par entraînement à la vapeur pour réduire sa teneur en matières volatiles. Son humidité est ensuite considérablement réduite à l'aide d'un moyen d'évaporation (207). La boue concentrée (209) évacuée du moyen d'évaporation (207) est mélangée avec un ou plusieurs matériaux de gonflement (211) provenant du processus d'extraction d'huile de palme pour augmenter sa porosité. La biomasse mélangée est ensuite séchée (213) à l'aide d'un moyen de séchage pour produire la biomasse solide (214). Le séchage peut être réalisé à l'aide d'une source de chaleur externe ou par bioséchage. Le séchage à l'aide d'une source de chaleur externe est réalisé à l'aide d'un séchoir à convection tel qu'un séchoir rotatif ou un séchoir à convoyeur. Le bioséchage utilise la chaleur générée pendant les étapes initiales de compostage à l'aide soit de la technique d'andainage, soit de la technique de bioséchage en cuve. Le condensat (208) contenant les constituants évaporés évacués du moyen d'évaporation (207) est soit traité et recyclé vers le moulin à huile de palme, soit traité et évacué.
PCT/MY2019/000052 2019-01-03 2019-12-31 Procédé de conversion d'un effluent liquide de moulin à huile de palme en une biomasse solide pour faciliter le recyclage WO2020141967A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI2019000219 2019-01-03
MYPI2019000219 2019-01-03

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WO2020141967A1 true WO2020141967A1 (fr) 2020-07-09

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08165185A (ja) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-25 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 肥料組成物
KR20070084297A (ko) * 2004-11-10 2007-08-24 에너텍 인바이런멘털 인코퍼레이티드 슬러리 탈수 및 바이오고형물의 재생가능 연료로의 변환
WO2009131265A1 (fr) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology Procédé de préparation d’un biofertilisant à l'aide de déchets d’huile de palme
KR20180063730A (ko) * 2016-12-02 2018-06-12 한국화학연구원 팜유 제조 부산물로부터 제조한 지용성 생리활성물질을 고농도로 포함하는 오일팜 바이오매스 고상추출물 및 그의 제조 방법
KR20180086565A (ko) * 2017-01-23 2018-08-01 주식회사 코웰메트라 팜유 가공 공정에서 발생하는 폐수(pome)를 활용한 친환경 액비 생산 시스템 및 방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08165185A (ja) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-25 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 肥料組成物
KR20070084297A (ko) * 2004-11-10 2007-08-24 에너텍 인바이런멘털 인코퍼레이티드 슬러리 탈수 및 바이오고형물의 재생가능 연료로의 변환
WO2009131265A1 (fr) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology Procédé de préparation d’un biofertilisant à l'aide de déchets d’huile de palme
KR20180063730A (ko) * 2016-12-02 2018-06-12 한국화학연구원 팜유 제조 부산물로부터 제조한 지용성 생리활성물질을 고농도로 포함하는 오일팜 바이오매스 고상추출물 및 그의 제조 방법
KR20180086565A (ko) * 2017-01-23 2018-08-01 주식회사 코웰메트라 팜유 가공 공정에서 발생하는 폐수(pome)를 활용한 친환경 액비 생산 시스템 및 방법

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