WO2020141910A1

WO2020141910A1 - Method and device for processing video signal by using inter prediction

Info

Publication number: WO2020141910A1
Application number: PCT/KR2020/000067
Authority: WO
Inventors: 박내리; 남정학; 장형문
Original assignee: 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date: 2019-01-02
Filing date: 2020-01-02
Publication date: 2020-07-09

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present specification, provided are a method and device for processing a video signal by using inter prediction. A video signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present specification includes: a step for acquiring at least one motion vector for the inter prediction of the current block from at least one surrounding block adjacent to the current block on the basis of a merge index; a step for determining a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) offset to be applied to the at least one motion vector on the basis of an MMVD distance index; and a step for generating a prediction sample of the current block on the basis of the at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset has been applied and a reference picture related to the merge index. The step for determining an MMVD offset includes: a step for determining a first offset value related to the distance index; a step for determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value on the basis of at least one among the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block; and a step for determining the second offset value as the MMVD offset. According to the present specification, the signaling overhead of the MMVD distance index may be reduced by reducing the bit distance of the MMVD distance index and adaptively scaling the MMVD offset.

Description

Method and apparatus for processing video signal using inter prediction

An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for processing a video signal using inter prediction, and more specifically, performs inter-screen prediction using merge mode to which a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) is applied. It relates to a method and apparatus for.

Compression coding refers to a series of signal processing techniques for transmitting digitized information through a communication line or storing it in a form suitable for a storage medium. Media such as video, image, and audio may be the subject of compression encoding, and a technique for performing compression encoding on an image is referred to as video image compression.

Next-generation video content will be characterized by high spatial resolution, high frame rate, and high dimensionality of scene representation. In order to process such content, it will bring a huge increase in terms of memory storage, memory access rate and processing power.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a coding tool to process next-generation video content more efficiently. In particular, the video codec standard after the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard requires a prediction technique capable of generating prediction samples accurately while using resources more efficiently.

An embodiment of the present specification provides a video signal processing method and apparatus capable of improving the accuracy of a motion vector when applying merge mode.

In addition, an embodiment of the present specification provides a video signal processing method and apparatus capable of reducing signaling overhead in the process of applying a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) technique.

The technical problems to be achieved in the present specification are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. Will be able to.

Embodiments of the present specification provide a method and apparatus for processing a video signal using inter prediction. A decoding method of a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification includes obtaining at least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on a merge index, Determining an MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector based on a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) distance index, and a reference associated with the merge index and at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied Generating a prediction sample of the current block based on a picture, and determining the MMVD offset comprises: determining a first offset value associated with the length index, and the at least one motion vector or the And determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on at least one of the size of the current block, and determining the second offset value as an MMVD offset.

According to an embodiment, generating the prediction sample of the current block may include obtaining an MMVD direction index indicating the sign of the MMVD offset, and applying a code corresponding to the MMVD direction index to the MMVD offset. And adding the MMVD offset to which the sign is applied to the motion vector.

In one embodiment, the scale value may be determined based on at least one of the size of the at least one motion vector and the resolution of the at least one motion vector.

In one embodiment, the first offset value may be indicated by the MMVD length index among pre-defined offset candidate values.

In one embodiment, the at least one motion vector is composed of a horizontal component and a vertical component, and the MMVD offset may be applied to at least one of the horizontal component or vertical component.

In one embodiment, the at least one motion vector includes a first motion vector associated with a first reference picture list and a second motion vector associated with a second reference picture list, and the second offset value is the first It may be determined based on at least one of a motion vector or the second motion vector.

The encoding method of a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification includes determining at least one motion vector and at least one reference picture for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block; , Determining a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) offset applied to the at least one motion vector, and based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and the at least one reference picture. Performing prediction, and coding the information related to the prediction, wherein the information related to the prediction includes: a merge index associated with the at least one motion vector and the at least one reference picture, and the MMVD offset value Including the MMVD distance index indicating the, and performing the prediction, determining a first offset value associated with the MMVD length index, and the first offset based on the at least one motion vector And determining a second offset value by scaling the value by a scale value, and determining the second offset value as an MMVD offset.

An apparatus for decoding a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification includes a memory storing the video signal and a processor coupled with the memory to process the video signal. The processor acquires at least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on a merge index, and merges with motion vector difference (MMVD) distance index It is configured to determine an MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector based on, and to generate a prediction sample of the current block based on the reference picture associated with the merge index and the at least one motion vector applied with the MMVD offset. . In addition, the processor determines a first offset value associated with the length index to determine the MMVD offset, and the first offset value based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block. It is set to determine a second offset value by scaling by a scale value, and to determine the second offset value as an MMVD offset.

An apparatus for encoding a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification includes a memory storing the video signal and a processor coupled with the memory to process the video signal. The processor determines at least one motion vector and at least one reference picture for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block, and merges MMVD (Merge) applied to the at least one motion vector with motion vector difference) to determine an offset, perform prediction on the current block based on the at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied, and the at least one reference picture, and code information related to the prediction, , The prediction-related information includes a merge index associated with the at least one motion vector and the at least one reference picture, and an MMVD distance index indicating the MMVD offset value. In addition, the processor determines a first offset value associated with the MMVD length index, and scales the first offset value by a scale value based on the at least one motion vector to perform the prediction. And a second offset value as an MMVD offset.

One embodiment of the present specification provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions. The one or more instructions executed by one or more processors acquire at least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on a merge index. A MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector is determined based on a merge index (MMVD) distance index, and a reference picture associated with the merge index and at least one motion vector applied with the MMVD offset. The video signal processing apparatus is controlled to generate a prediction sample of the current block based on the. In addition, the one or more instructions may determine a first offset value associated with the length index to determine the MMVD offset, and based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block. The video signal processing apparatus is controlled to determine a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value, and to determine the second offset value as an MMVD offset.

According to an embodiment of the present specification, accuracy of a motion vector may be improved by performing prediction using a merge mode to which a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) technique is applied.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present specification, in the process of applying the MMVD technique, a video signal capable of reducing signaling overhead by reducing the bit length of the MMVD length index and adjusting the MMVD offset based on the motion vector. A method and apparatus for processing are provided.

The effects obtained in the present specification are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description to aid understanding of the present specification, provide embodiments of the present specification, and describe the technical features of the present specification together with the detailed description.

1 shows an example of a video coding system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

2 shows a schematic block diagram of an encoding apparatus for encoding a video/image signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.

3 is an embodiment of the present specification, and shows a schematic block diagram of a decoding apparatus for decoding a video signal.

4 shows an example of a structural diagram of a content streaming system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

5 shows an example of a block diagram of an apparatus for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.

6 shows an example of a picture divided into coding tree units (CTUs) according to an embodiment of the present specification.

7 shows an example of multi-type tree splitting modes according to an embodiment of the present specification.

8 illustrates an example of a signaling mechanism of partition partition information of a quadtree with nested multi-type tree structure according to an embodiment of the present specification.

9 exemplarily shows that a CTU is divided into multiple coding units (CUs) based on a quadtree and nested multi-type tree structure according to an embodiment of the present specification.

10 shows an example of a case where TT (ternary tree) partitioning is restricted for a 128x128 coding block according to an embodiment of the present specification.

11 illustrates examples of redundant partition patterns that may occur in binary tree partition and ternary tree partition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

12 and 13 illustrate a video/video encoding procedure based on inter prediction according to an embodiment of the present specification and an inter prediction unit in an encoding device.

14 and 15 illustrate a video/video decoding procedure based on inter prediction according to an embodiment of the present specification and an inter prediction unit in a decoding apparatus.

16 shows an example of a spatial merge candidate configuration for a current block according to an embodiment of the present specification.

17 shows an example of a flowchart for configuring a merge candidate list according to an embodiment of the present specification.

18 shows an example of a flowchart for constructing a prediction candidate list (MVP candidate list).

19 shows an example of an MMVD discovery process according to an embodiment of the present specification.

20 shows an example of triangular prediction units according to an embodiment of the present specification.

21 shows an example of a flowchart for determining a set of MMVD candidates based on the size of a motion vector according to an embodiment of the present specification.

22 and 23 show examples of flowcharts for determining a set of MMVD candidates based on the size and block size of a motion vector according to an embodiment of the present specification.

24 illustrates an example of a flow chart for determining an MMVD candidate set based on the resolution of a motion vector according to an embodiment of the present specification.

25 and 26 illustrate examples of flowcharts for determining a set of MMVD candidates based on the size and resolution of a motion vector according to an embodiment of the present specification.

27 is a flowchart for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 27A shows an example of a video signal decoding method and FIG. 27B an example of a video signal encoding method.

28 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a service system including a digital device.

29 is a block diagram illustrating a digital device according to an embodiment.

30 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.

31 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.

32 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the control unit of FIGS. 29 to 31 to illustrate one embodiment.

33 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a screen of a digital device displays a main image and a sub image simultaneously according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following detailed description, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present specification, and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present specification may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the specification. However, one skilled in the art knows that the present specification can be practiced without these specific details.

In some cases, in order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present specification, well-known structures and devices may be omitted, or block diagrams centering on core functions of each structure and device may be illustrated.

In addition, the terminology used in the present specification has been selected as a general terminology that is currently widely used as much as possible, but in a specific case, the term is arbitrarily selected by the applicant. In such a case, since the meaning is clearly described in the detailed description of the relevant part, it should not be interpreted simply by the name of the term used in the description of this specification, and the meaning of the term should be understood and interpreted. .

Certain terms used in the following description are provided to help understanding of the present specification, and the use of these specific terms may be changed to other forms without departing from the technical spirit of the present specification. For example, signals, data, samples, pictures, slices, tiles, frames, and blocks may be interpreted by appropriately replacing each coding process.

Hereinafter, in the present specification, the'processing unit' refers to a unit in which encoding/decoding processing such as prediction, transformation, and/or quantization is performed. Also, the processing unit may be interpreted to include a unit for a luminance component and a unit for a chroma component. For example, the processing unit may correspond to a block, a coding unit (CU), a prediction unit (PU), or a transform unit (TU).

Further, the processing unit may be interpreted as a unit for a luminance component or a unit for a color difference component. For example, the processing unit may correspond to a coding tree block (CTB), a coding block (CB), a PU or a transform block (TB) for the luminance component. Alternatively, the processing unit may correspond to CTB, CB, PU or TB for the color difference component. Further, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the processing unit may be interpreted to include a unit for a luminance component and a unit for a color difference component.

In addition, the processing unit is not necessarily limited to square blocks, and may be configured in a polygonal shape having three or more vertices.

In addition, in the present specification, pixels, pixels, or coefficients (transformation coefficients or transform coefficients that have undergone first-order transformation) are hereinafter collectively referred to as samples. And, using a sample may mean using a pixel value, a pixel value, or a coefficient (a transform coefficient or a transform coefficient that has undergone first-order transformation).

The video coding system can include a source device 10 and a receiving device 20. The source device 10 may transmit the encoded video/video information or data to the receiving device 20 through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming form.

The source device 10 may include a video source 11, an encoding device 12, and a transmitter 13. The receiving device 20 may include a receiver 21, a decoding device 22 and a renderer 23. The encoding device 10 may be referred to as a video/video encoding device, and the decoding device 20 may be referred to as a video/video decoding device. The transmitter 13 may be included in the encoding device 12. The receiver 21 may be included in the decoding device 22. The renderer 23 may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or an external component.

The video source may acquire a video/image through a capture, synthesis, or generation process of the video/image. The video source may include a video/image capture device and/or a video/image generation device. The video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive including previously captured video/images, and the like. The video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, a tablet and a smartphone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image. For example, a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer or the like, and in this case, a video/image capture process may be replaced by a process in which related data is generated.

The encoding device 12 may encode an input video/image. The encoding apparatus 12 may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and coding efficiency. The encoded data (encoded video/image information) may be output in the form of a bitstream.

The transmitting unit 13 may transmit the encoded video/video information or data output in the form of a bitstream to a receiving unit of a receiving device through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming format. Digital storage media include universal serial bus (USB), secure digital (SD), compact disk (CD), digital video disk (DVD), bluray, hard disk drive (HDD), and solid state drive (SSD). It may include various storage media. The transmission unit 13 may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network. The receiver 21 may extract the bitstream and transmit it to the decoding device 22.

The decoding apparatus 22 may decode a video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoding apparatus 12.

The renderer 23 may render the decoded video/image. The rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.

Referring to FIG. 2, the encoding apparatus 100 includes an image division unit 110, a subtraction unit 115, a conversion unit 120, a quantization unit 130, an inverse quantization unit 140, and an inverse conversion unit 150, It may include an adder 155, a filtering unit 160, a memory 170, an inter prediction unit 180, an intra prediction unit 185, and an entropy encoding unit 190. The inter prediction unit 180 and the intra prediction unit 185 may be collectively referred to as a prediction unit. That is, the prediction unit may include an inter prediction unit 180 and an intra prediction unit 185. The transform unit 120, the quantization unit 130, the inverse quantization unit 140, and the inverse transform unit 150 may be included in a residual processing unit. The residual processing unit may further include a subtraction unit 115. The above-described image segmentation unit 110, subtraction unit 115, conversion unit 120, quantization unit 130, inverse quantization unit 140, inverse conversion unit 150, addition unit 155, filtering unit 160 ), the inter prediction unit 180, the intra prediction unit 185 and the entropy encoding unit 190 may be configured by one hardware component (for example, an encoder or processor) according to an embodiment. Also, the memory 170 may be configured by one hardware component (for example, a memory or digital storage medium) according to an embodiment, and the memory 170 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB) 175. .

The image division unit 110 may divide the input image (or picture, frame) input to the encoding apparatus 100 into one or more processing units. As an example, the processing unit may be referred to as a coding unit (CU). In this case, the coding unit may be recursively divided according to a quad-tree binary-tree (QTBT) structure from a coding tree unit (CTU) or a largest coding unit (LCU). For example, one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units of a deeper depth based on a quad tree structure and/or a binary tree structure. In this case, for example, a quad tree structure may be applied first, and a binary tree structure may be applied later. Alternatively, a binary tree structure may be applied first. The coding procedure according to the present specification may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer split. In this case, the maximum coding unit may be directly used as the final coding unit based on coding efficiency according to image characteristics, or the coding unit may be recursively divided into coding units having a lower depth than optimal if necessary. The coding unit of the size of can be used as the final coding unit. Here, the coding procedure may include procedures such as prediction, transformation, and reconstruction, which will be described later. As another example, the processing unit may further include a prediction unit (PU) or a transformation unit (TU). In this case, the prediction unit and transform unit may be partitioned or partitioned from the above-described final coding unit, respectively. The prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction, and the transformation unit may be a unit for deriving a transform coefficient and/or a unit for deriving a residual signal from the transform coefficient.

The unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or area in some cases. In a general case, the MxN block may represent samples of M columns and N rows or a set of transform coefficients. The sample may generally represent a pixel or a pixel value, and may indicate only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or only a pixel/pixel value of a saturation component. The sample may be used as a term for one picture (or image) corresponding to a pixel or pel.

The encoding apparatus 100 subtracts a prediction signal (a predicted block, a prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 180 or the intra prediction unit 185 from the input image signal (original block, original sample array) A signal (remaining block, residual sample array) may be generated, and the generated residual signal is transmitted to the converter 120. In this case, as illustrated, a unit that subtracts a prediction signal (a prediction block, a prediction sample array) from an input video signal (original block, original sample array) in the encoding apparatus 100 may be referred to as a subtraction unit 115. The prediction unit may perform prediction on a block to be processed (hereinafter, referred to as a current block) and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. The prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied in units of blocks or CUs. The prediction unit may generate various pieces of information about prediction, such as prediction mode information, as described later in the description of each prediction mode, and transmit them to the entropy encoding unit 190. The prediction information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.

The intra prediction unit 185 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture. The referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart depending on a prediction mode. In intra prediction, prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes. The non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (planar mode). The directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes depending on the degree of detail of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and more or less directional prediction modes may be used depending on the setting. The intra prediction unit 185 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.

The inter prediction unit 180 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture. At this time, to reduce the amount of motion information transmitted in the inter prediction mode, motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block. The motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index. The motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information. In the case of inter prediction, the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture. The reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different. The temporal neighboring block may be called a name such as a collocated reference block or a colCU, and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may also be called a collocated picture (colPic). . For example, the inter prediction unit 180 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and generates information indicating which candidate is used to derive the motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block. can do. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the case of the skip mode and the merge mode, the inter prediction unit 180 may use motion information of neighboring blocks as motion information of the current block. In the skip mode, unlike the merge mode, the residual signal may not be transmitted. In the motion vector prediction (MVP) mode, the motion vector of the current block is obtained by using the motion vector of the neighboring block as a motion vector predictor and signaling a motion vector difference. I can order.

The prediction signal generated by the inter prediction unit 180 or the intra prediction unit 185 may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.

The transform unit 120 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal. For example, the transformation technique may include at least one of a discrete cosine transform (DCT), a discrete sine transform (DST), a Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT), a graph-based transform (GBT), or a conditionally non-linear transform (CNT). It can contain. Here, GBT means a transformation obtained from this graph when it is said that the relationship information between pixels is graphically represented. CNT means a transform obtained by generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels and based on it. Also, the transform process may be applied to pixel blocks having the same size of a square, or may be applied to blocks of variable sizes other than squares.

The quantization unit 130 quantizes the transform coefficients and transmits them to the entropy encoding unit 190, and the entropy encoding unit 190 encodes a quantized signal (information about quantized transform coefficients) and outputs it as a bitstream. have. Information about quantized transform coefficients may be referred to as residual information. The quantization unit 130 may rearrange the block-type quantized transform coefficients into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and the quantized transform based on the one-dimensional vector form quantized transform coefficients Information about coefficients may be generated. The entropy encoding unit 190 may perform various encoding methods such as exponential Golomb (CAVLC), context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC). The entropy encoding unit 190 may encode information necessary for video/image reconstruction (eg, values of syntax elements) together with the quantized transform coefficients together or separately. The encoded information (eg, video/video information) may be transmitted or stored in the unit of a network abstraction layer (NAL) unit in the form of a bitstream. The bitstream can be transmitted over a network, or it can be stored on a digital storage medium. Here, the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network, and the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, SSD. The signal output from the entropy encoding unit 190 may be configured as an internal/external element of the encoding device 100 by a transmitting unit (not shown) and/or a storing unit (not shown) for storing, or the transmitting unit It may be a component of the entropy encoding unit 190.

The quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 130 may be used to generate a prediction signal. For example, the residual signal may be reconstructed by applying inverse quantization and inverse transform through the inverse quantization unit 140 and the inverse transform unit 150 in the loop to the quantized transform coefficients. The adder 155 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the predicted signal output from the inter predictor 180 or the intra predictor 185, so that the reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) Can be generated. If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block. The adding unit 155 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit. The reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture through filtering as described below.

The filtering unit 160 may apply subjective/objective filtering to improve the subjective/objective image quality. For example, the filtering unit 160 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and may transmit the modified reconstructed picture to the decoded picture buffer 170. Various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop filter, and bilateral filter. The filtering unit 160 may generate various information regarding filtering as described later in the description of each filtering method and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 190. The filtering information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.

The corrected reconstructed picture transmitted to the decoded picture buffer 170 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180. When the inter prediction is applied through the encoding apparatus 100, prediction mismatches in the encoding apparatus 100 and the decoding apparatus 200 may be avoided, and encoding efficiency may be improved.

The decoded picture buffer 170 may store the corrected reconstructed picture for use as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180.

Referring to FIG. 3, the decoding apparatus 200 includes an entropy decoding unit 210, an inverse quantization unit 220, an inverse conversion unit 230, an addition unit 235, a filtering unit 240, a memory 250, and an inter It may be configured to include a prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265. The inter prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265 may be collectively referred to as a prediction unit. That is, the prediction unit may include an inter prediction unit 180 and an intra prediction unit 185. The inverse quantization unit 220 and the inverse conversion unit 230 may be collectively referred to as a residual processing unit. That is, the residual processing unit may include an inverse quantization unit 220 and an inverse conversion unit 230. The entropy decoding unit 210, the inverse quantization unit 220, the inverse transform unit 230, the adding unit 235, the filtering unit 240, the inter prediction unit 260, and the intra prediction unit 265, according to the embodiment It can be configured by one hardware component (eg, a decoder or processor). Also, the decoded picture buffer 250 may be implemented by one hardware component (eg, a memory or digital storage medium) according to an embodiment. Also, the memory 250 may include the DPB 175 and may be configured by a digital storage medium.

When a bitstream including video/image information is input, the decoding apparatus 200 may restore an image in response to a process in which the video/image information is processed by the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2. For example, the decoding apparatus 200 may perform decoding using a processing unit applied by the encoding apparatus 100. Thus, in decoding, the processing unit may be, for example, a coding unit, and the coding unit may be divided according to a quad tree structure and/or a binary tree structure from a coding tree unit or a largest coding unit. Then, the decoded video signal decoded and output through the decoding device 200 may be reproduced through the reproduction device.

The decoding apparatus 200 may receive the signal output from the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream, and the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 210. For example, the entropy decoding unit 210 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, video/image information) necessary for image reconstruction (or picture reconstruction). For example, the entropy decoding unit 210 decodes information in a bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC, and quantizes a value of a syntax element necessary for image reconstruction and a transform coefficient for residual. Can output In more detail, the CABAC entropy decoding method receives bins corresponding to each syntax element in a bitstream, and decodes syntax information of the decoding target syntax element and surrounding and decoding target blocks, or symbols/bins decoded in the previous step. The context model is determined using the information of, and the probability of occurrence of the bin is predicted according to the determined context model to perform arithmetic decoding of the bin to generate a symbol corresponding to the value of each syntax element. have. At this time, the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model using the decoded symbol/bin information for the next symbol/bin context model after determining the context model. Among the information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 210, information regarding prediction is provided to the prediction unit (inter prediction unit 260 and intra prediction unit 265), and the entropy decoding unit 210 performs entropy decoding. The dual value, that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the inverse quantization unit 220. Also, information related to filtering among information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 210 may be provided to the filtering unit 240. Meanwhile, a receiving unit (not shown) receiving a signal output from the encoding apparatus 100 may be further configured as an internal/external element of the decoding apparatus 200, or the receiving unit may be a component of the entropy decoding unit 210. It may be.

The inverse quantization unit 220 may output transform coefficients by inverse quantizing the quantized transform coefficients. The inverse quantization unit 220 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in a two-dimensional block form. In this case, reordering may be performed based on the coefficient scan order performed by the encoding apparatus 100. The inverse quantization unit 220 may perform inverse quantization on quantized transform coefficients using a quantization parameter (eg, quantization step size information), and obtain a transform coefficient.

The inverse transform unit 230 may output a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array) by applying an inverse transform to the transform coefficient.

The prediction unit may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. The prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on information about prediction output from the entropy decoding unit 210, and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode.

The intra prediction unit 265 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture. The referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or spaced apart according to the prediction mode. In intra prediction, prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes. The intra prediction unit 265 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.

The inter prediction unit 260 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture. At this time, in order to reduce the amount of motion information transmitted in the inter prediction mode, motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block. The motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index. The motion information may further include information on the inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.). In the case of inter prediction, the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture. For example, the inter prediction unit 260 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes, and information on prediction may include information indicating a mode of inter prediction for a current block.

The adding unit 235 adds the obtained residual signal to the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 260 or the intra prediction unit 265, thereby restoring signals (restored pictures, reconstructed blocks). , A reconstructed sample array). If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.

The adding unit 235 may be called a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit. The generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture through filtering as described below.

The filtering unit 240 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal. For example, the filtering unit 240 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and may transmit the modified reconstructed picture to the decoded picture buffer 250. Various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset (SAO), adaptive loop filter (ALF), bilateral filter, and the like.

The corrected reconstructed picture transmitted to the decoded picture buffer 250 may be used as a reference picture by the inter prediction unit 260.

In the present specification, the embodiments described in the filtering unit 160, the inter prediction unit 180, and the intra prediction unit 185 of the encoding device 100 are respectively the filtering unit 240 and the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding device. ) And the intra prediction unit 265 may be applied to the same or corresponding.

The content streaming system to which the present specification is applied may largely include an encoding server 410, a streaming server 420, a web server 430, a media storage 440, a user device 450, and a multimedia input device 460. have.

The encoding server 410 may compress content input from multimedia input devices such as a smartphone, camera, camcorder, etc. into digital data to generate a bitstream and transmit it to the streaming server 420. As another example, when multimedia input devices 460 such as a smartphone, camera, and camcorder directly generate a bitstream, the encoding server 410 may be omitted.

The bitstream may be generated by an encoding method or a bitstream generation method to which the present specification is applied, and the streaming server 420 may temporarily store the bitstream in the process of transmitting or receiving the bitstream.

The streaming server 420 transmits multimedia data to the user device 450 based on a user request through the web server 430, and the web server 430 serves as an intermediary to inform the user of the service. When a user requests a desired service from the web server 430, the web server 430 delivers it to the streaming server 420, and the streaming server 420 transmits multimedia data to the user. At this time, the content streaming system may include a separate control server, in which case the control server serves to control commands/responses between devices in the content streaming system.

Streaming server 420 may receive content from media storage 440 and/or encoding server 410. For example, the streaming server 420 may receive content in real time from the encoding server 410. In this case, in order to provide a smooth streaming service, the streaming server 420 may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.

For example, the user device 450 includes a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a personal digital assistants (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation, a slate PC ( slate PC), tablet PC (tablet PC), ultrabook (ultrabook), wearable device (wearable device, for example, a smart watch (smartwatch), glass type (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display), digital TVs, desktop computers, and digital signage.

Each server in the content streaming system can be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server can be distributed.

5 shows an example of a block diagram of an apparatus for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification. The video signal processing apparatus of FIG. 5 may correspond to the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 or the decoding apparatus 200 of FIG. 3.

The video signal processing apparatus 500 according to the embodiment of the present specification may include a memory 520 for storing a video signal, and a processor 510 for processing a video signal while being combined with the memory.

The processor 510 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured with at least one processing circuit for processing a video signal, and may process a video signal by executing instructions for encoding or decoding the video signal. That is, the processor 510 may encode the original video signal or decode the encoded video signal by executing the encoding or decoding methods described below.

The video/image coding method according to this document may be performed based on various detailed technologies, and the detailed description of each technique is as follows. The techniques described below may be related to related procedures such as prediction, residual processing (transformation, quantization, etc.), syntax element coding, filtering, partitioning/segmentation, etc. in the video/image encoding/decoding procedure described above and/or described below. It is apparent to those skilled in the art.

Pictures may be divided into a sequence of coding tree units (CTUs). The CTU may correspond to a coding tree block (CTB). Alternatively, the CTU may include a coding tree block of luma samples and two coding tree blocks of corresponding chroma samples. In other words, for a picture that includes three sample arrays, the CTU may include two NxN blocks of luma samples and two corresponding blocks of chroma samples.

블록 분할(Block Partitioning)Block partitioning

Referring to FIG. 6, one picture may be divided into a plurality of CTUs having a constant size. The maximum allowable size of the CTU for coding and prediction may be different from the maximum allowable size of the CTU for transformation. For example, the maximum allowable size of the luma block in the CTU may be 128x128 (even if the maximum size of the luma CTUs is 64x64).

CTU may be divided into CUs based on a quad-tree (QT) structure. The quadtree structure may be referred to as a quaternary tree structure. This is to reflect various local characteristics. Meanwhile, in this document, the CTU can be divided based on the division of a multi-type tree structure including a binary tree (BT) and a ternary tree (TT) as well as a quad tree. Hereinafter, the QTBT structure may include a quadtree and binary tree based split structure, and the QTBTTT may include a quadtree, binary tree and ternary tree based split structure. In addition, the QTBT structure may include a quadtree, binary tree, and ternary tree based splitting structure. In the coding tree structure, the CU can have a square or rectangular shape. The CTU can be first divided into a quadtree structure. Thereafter, leaf nodes having a quadtree structure may be further divided by a multi-type tree structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the multi-type tree structure may schematically include four division types.

The four split types shown in FIG. 6 are vertical binary splitting (SPLIT_BT_VER), horizontal binary splitting (SPLIT_BT_HOR), vertical ternary splitting (SPLIT_TT_VER), horizontal ternary splitting (horizontal ternary) splitting, SPLIT_TT_HOR). Leaf nodes of a multitype tree structure may be referred to as CUs. These CUs can be used as a unit for prediction and transformation procedures. In embodiments of the present specification, CU, PU, and TU may have the same block size. However, when the maximum supported transform length is smaller than the width or height of the color component of the CU, the CU and the TU may have different block sizes.

Here, the CTU is treated as a root of a quadtree, and is first divided into a quadtree structure. Each quadtree leaf node can then be further divided into a multitype tree structure. In the multi-type tree structure, a first flag (eg, mtt_split_cu_flag) is signaled to indicate whether the corresponding node is additionally divided. If the corresponding node is additionally divided, a second flag (eg, mtt_split_cu_vertical_flag) may be signaled to indicate a splitting direction. Thereafter, a third flag (eg, mtt_split_cu_binary_flag) may be signaled to indicate whether the partition type is binary partition or ternary partition. For example, based on mtt_split_cu_vertical_flag and mtt_split_cu_binary_flag, a multi-type tree splitting mode (MttSplitMode) of a CU may be derived as shown in Table 1 below.

Here, bold block edges represent quadtree partitioning, and the remaining edges represent multitype tree partitioning. A quadtree partition with a multitype tree can provide a content-adaptive coding tree structure. The CU may correspond to a coding block (CB). Alternatively, the CU may include a coding block of luma samples and two coding blocks of corresponding chroma samples. The size of the CU may be as large as the CTU, or may be configured in 4x4 units in luma sample units. For example, in the case of a 4:2:0 color format (or chroma format), the maximum chroma CB size may be 64x64 and the minimum chroma CB size may be 2x2.

In this document, for example, the maximum allowed luma TB size may be 64x64 and the maximum allowed chroma TB size may be 32x32. If the width or height of the CB divided according to the tree structure is greater than the maximum conversion width or height, the CB may be automatically (or implicitly) divided until the horizontal and vertical TB size limitations are satisfied.

Meanwhile, for a quadtree coding tree scheme involving a multitype tree, the following parameters may be defined and identified as a sequence parameter set (SPS) syntax element.

-CTU size: the root node size of a quaternary tree

-MinQTSize: the minimum allowed quaternary tree leaf node size

-MaxBtSize: the maximum allowed binary tree root node size

-MaxTtSize: the maximum allowed ternary tree root node size

-MaxMttDepth: the maximum allowed hierarchy depth of multi-type tree splitting from a quadtree leaf

-MinBtSize: the minimum allowed binary tree leaf node size

-MinTtSize: the minimum allowed ternary tree leaf node size

As an example of a quadtree coding tree structure with a multitype tree, the CTU size can be set to 64x64 blocks of 128x128 luma samples and two corresponding chroma samples (in 4:2:0 chroma format). In this case, MinOTSize can be set to 16x16, MaxBtSize is set to 128x128, MaxTtSzie can be set to 64x64, MinBtSize and MinTtSize (for width and height) can be set to 4x4, and MaxMttDepth can be set to 4. Quadtree splitting can be applied to CTU to generate quadtree leaf nodes. The quadtree leaf node may be referred to as a leaf QT node. Quadtree leaf nodes may have a size of 16x16 (ie MinOTSize) to a size of 128x128 (ie CTU size). If the leaf QT node is 128x128, it may not be additionally divided into a binary tree/ternary tree. This is because, even in this case, it exceeds MaxBtsize and MaxTtszie (ie, 64x64). In other cases, the leaf QT node may be further divided into a multi-type tree. Therefore, a leaf QT node is a root node for a multitype tree, and a leaf QT node may have a multitype tree depth (mttDepth) 0 value. If the multi-type tree depth reaches MaxMttdepth (eg 4), further partitioning may not be considered. If the width of the multi-type tree node is equal to MinBtSize and less than or equal to 2xMinTtSize, additional horizontal partitioning may no longer be considered. If the height of the multitype tree node is equal to MinBtSize and less than or equal to 2xMinTtSize, additional vertical splitting may no longer be considered.

To allow for the 64x64 luma block and 32x32 chroma pipeline design in the hardware decoder, TT segmentation can be forbidden in certain cases. For example, if the width or height of the luma coding block is greater than 64, as shown in FIG. 9, TT splitting may be prohibited. Also, for example, if the width or height of the chroma coding block is greater than 32, TT splitting may be prohibited.

In this document, the coding tree scheme can support luma and chroma blocks having a separate block tree structure. For P and B slices, luma and chroma CTBs in one CTU can be restricted to have the same coding tree structure. However, for I slices, luma and chroma blocks may have a separate block tree structure from each other. If the individual block tree mode is applied, the luma CTB may be divided into CUs based on a specific coding tree structure, and the chroma CTB may be divided into chroma CUs based on another coding tree structure. This may mean that a CU in an I slice is composed of a coding block of luma components or coding blocks of two chroma components, and a CU of a P or B slice can be composed of blocks of three color components.

In the above-described "Partitioning of the CTUs using a tree structure", the quadtree coding tree structure with a multi-type tree has been described, but the structure in which the CU is divided is not limited to this. For example, the BT structure and the TT structure may be interpreted as a concept included in a multiple partitioning tree (MPT) structure, and a CU may be divided through a QT structure and an MPT structure. In an example in which a CU is split through a QT structure and an MPT structure, a syntax element (eg, MPT_split_type) including information about how many blocks a leaf node of the QT structure is divided into, and a leaf node of the QT structure are vertical and horizontal. The splitting structure may be determined by signaling a syntax element (eg, MPT_split_mode) including information on which direction to split.

In another example, the CU may be divided in a different way from the QT structure, BT structure or TT structure. That is, according to the QT structure, the CU of the lower depth is divided into 1/4 the size of the CU of the upper depth, or the CU of the lower depth is divided into 1/2 the size of the CU of the upper depth according to the BT structure, or according to the TT structure Unlike the CU of the lower depth, which is divided into 1/4 or 1/2 the size of the CU of the upper depth, the CU of the lower depth may be 1/5, 1/3, 3/8, 3 of the CU of the upper depth depending on the case. It may be divided into /5, 2/3, or 5/8 size, and the method in which the CU is divided is not limited thereto.

If the portion of the tree node block exceeds the bottom or right picture boundary, the tree node block includes all samples of all coded CUs within the picture boundaries. It can be restricted to be located. In this case, for example, the division rule as shown in Table 2 below may be applied.

The quadtree coding block structure with a multi-type tree can provide a very flexible block partitioning structure. Due to the division types supported in the multitype tree, different division patterns can potentially result in the same coding block structure in some cases. By limiting the occurrence of such redundant partition patterns, the data amount of partitioning information can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 11, two levels of consecutive binary splits in one direction have the same coding block structure as binary partitions for the center partition after ternary splitting. . In this case, binary tree partitioning to the center partition of the ternary tree partitioning is prohibited. This prohibition can be applied to CUs of all pictures. When such a specific division is prohibited, signaling of the corresponding syntax elements can be modified to reflect this prohibited case, thereby reducing the number of bits signaled for partitioning. For example, as in the example shown in FIG. 10, when binary tree partitioning for the center partition of the CU is prohibited, the mtt_split_cu_binary_flag syntax element indicating whether the partition is a binary partition or a ternary partition is not signaled, and its value is It can be inferred by the decoder to zero.

화면간 예측(Inter Prediction)Inter Prediction

Hereinafter, an inter prediction technique according to an embodiment of the present specification will be described. The inter prediction described below may be performed by the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 or the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding apparatus 200 of FIG. 3.

The prediction unit of the encoding apparatus 100 / decoding apparatus 200 may perform inter prediction in block units to derive prediction samples. Inter prediction may represent prediction derived in a manner dependent on data elements (eg, sample values, or motion information) of a picture(s) other than the current picture (Inter prediction can be a prediction derived in a manner that is dependent on data elements (eg, sample values or motion information) of picture(s) other than the current picture). When inter prediction is applied to a current block, based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on a reference picture indicated by the reference picture index, a predicted block (predictive sample array) for the current block is derived. Can. In this case, in order to reduce the amount of motion information transmitted in the inter prediction mode, motion information of the current block may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block. The motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index. The motion information may further include inter prediction type (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information. When inter prediction is applied, the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture. The reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different. The temporal neighboring block may be called a name such as a collocated reference block or a colCU, and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may also be called a collocated picture (colPic). . For example, a motion information candidate list may be constructed based on neighboring blocks of the current block, and a flag indicating which candidate is selected (used) to derive a motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block, or Index information may be signaled. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the case of the skip mode and the merge mode, motion information of a current block may be the same as motion information of a selected neighboring block. In the skip mode, unlike the merge mode, the residual signal may not be transmitted. In a motion vector prediction (MVP) mode, a motion vector of a selected neighboring block is used as a motion vector predictor, and a motion vector difference can be signaled. In this case, the motion vector of the current block may be derived using the sum of the motion vector predictor and the motion vector difference.

The encoding apparatus 100 performs inter prediction on the current block (S1210). The encoding apparatus 100 may derive the inter prediction mode and motion information of the current block, and generate prediction samples of the current block. Here, the procedure for determining the inter prediction mode, deriving motion information, and generating prediction samples may be performed simultaneously, or one procedure may be performed before the other procedure. For example, the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding apparatus 100 may include a prediction mode determination unit 181, a motion information derivation unit 182, and a prediction sample derivation unit 183, and the prediction mode determination unit The prediction mode for the current block may be determined at 181, the motion information of the current block may be derived from the motion information derivation unit 182, and prediction samples of the current block may be derived by the prediction sample derivation unit 183. For example, the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding apparatus 100 searches a block similar to the current block in a certain area (search area) of reference pictures through motion estimation, and It is possible to derive a reference block whose difference is less than or equal to a certain criterion. Based on this, a reference picture index indicating a reference picture in which the reference block is located may be derived, and a motion vector may be derived based on a position difference between the reference block and the current block. The encoding apparatus 100 may determine a mode applied to the current block among various prediction modes. The encoding apparatus 100 may compare the RD cost for various prediction modes and determine an optimal prediction mode for the current block.

For example, when the skip mode or the merge mode is applied to the current block, the encoding apparatus 100 configures a merge candidate list, which will be described later, and the current block among the reference blocks indicated by the merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. It is possible to derive a reference block with a difference from a current block or a minimum or a predetermined criterion. In this case, a merge candidate associated with the derived reference block is selected, and merge index information indicating the selected merge candidate may be generated and signaled to the decoding apparatus 200. Motion information of a current block may be derived using motion information of a selected merge candidate.

As another example, when the (A)MVP mode is applied to the current block, the encoding apparatus 100 configures the (A)MVP candidate list, which will be described later, and (A) the motion vector predictor (MVP) candidates included in the MVP candidate list. The motion vector of the selected MVP candidate can be used as the MVP of the current block. In this case, for example, a motion vector indicating a reference block derived by the above-described motion estimation may be used as the motion vector of the current block, and among the MVP candidates, a motion vector having the smallest difference from the motion vector of the current block may be used. The MVP candidate to have may be the selected MVP candidate. A motion vector difference (MVD), which is a difference obtained by subtracting MVP from the motion vector of the current block, may be derived. In this case, information about the MVD may be signaled to the decoding device 200. In addition, when the (A)MVP mode is applied, the value of the reference picture index may be configured and reference signal index information may be separately signaled to the decoding apparatus 200.

The encoding apparatus 100 may derive residual samples based on the predicted samples (S1220). The encoding apparatus 100 may derive residual samples through comparison of original samples and prediction samples of the current block.

The encoding apparatus 100 encodes video information including prediction information and residual information (S1230). The encoding apparatus 100 may output encoded image information in the form of a bitstream. The prediction information is information related to a prediction procedure and may include prediction mode information (eg, skip flag, merge flag, or mode index) and motion information. The motion information may include candidate selection information (eg, merge index, mvp flag, or mvp index) that is information for deriving a motion vector. In addition, the motion information may include information on the MVD and/or reference picture index information. Also, the motion information may include information indicating whether L0 prediction, L1 prediction, or bi prediction is applied. The residual information is information about residual samples. The residual information may include information about quantized transform coefficients for residual samples.

The output bitstream may be stored in a (digital) storage medium and transmitted to a decoding device, or may be delivered to a decoding device through a network.

Meanwhile, as described above, the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture (including reconstructed samples and reconstructed blocks) based on the reference samples and the residual samples. This is to derive the same prediction result as that performed by the decoding apparatus 200 in the encoding apparatus 100, because it is possible to increase coding efficiency. Accordingly, the encoding apparatus 100 may store the reconstructed picture (or reconstructed samples, reconstructed block) in a memory and use it as a reference picture for inter prediction. As described above, an in-loop filtering procedure may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.

The decoding apparatus 200 may perform an operation corresponding to an operation performed in the encoding apparatus 100. The decoding apparatus 200 may perform prediction on the current block and derive prediction samples based on the received prediction information.

Specifically, the decoding apparatus 200 may determine a prediction mode for the current block based on the received prediction information (S1410). The decoding apparatus 200 may determine which inter prediction mode is applied to the current block based on the prediction mode information in the prediction information.

For example, the decoding apparatus 200 may determine whether merge mode is applied to the current block or (A)MVP mode is determined based on a merge flag. Alternatively, the decoding apparatus 200 may select one of various inter prediction mode candidates based on the mode index. The inter prediction mode candidates may include skip mode, merge mode and/or (A)MVP mode, or various inter prediction modes described below.

The decoding apparatus 200 derives motion information of the current block based on the determined inter prediction mode (S1420). For example, when the skip mode or the merge mode is applied to the current block, the decoding apparatus 200 may configure a merge candidate list, which will be described later, and select one of the merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. . The selection of the merge candidate may be performed based on a merge index. Motion information of a current block may be derived from motion information of a selected merge candidate. Motion information of the selected merge candidate may be used as motion information of the current block.

As another example, when the (A)MVP mode is applied to the current block, the decoding apparatus 200 configures the (A)MVP candidate list, which will be described later, and (A) the MVP candidate selected from among the MVP candidates included in the MVP candidate list. The motion vector of can be used as the MVP of the current block. The selection of the MVP may be performed based on the selection information (MVP flag or MVP index) described above. In this case, the decoding apparatus 200 may derive the MVD of the current block based on information about the MVD, and may derive a motion vector of the current block based on the MVP and MVD of the current block. Also, the decoding apparatus 200 may derive a reference picture index of the current block based on the reference picture index information. The picture indicated by the reference picture index in the reference picture list for the current block may be derived as a reference picture referenced for inter prediction of the current block.

Meanwhile, as described below, motion information of the current block may be derived without configuring a candidate list, and in this case, motion information of the current block may be derived according to a procedure disclosed in a prediction mode, which will be described later. In this case, the candidate list configuration as described above may be omitted.

The decoding apparatus 200 may generate prediction samples for the current block based on the motion information of the current block (S1430). In this case, the decoding apparatus 200 may derive a reference picture based on the reference picture index of the current block, and derive predictive samples of the current block using samples of the reference block indicated by the motion vector of the current block on the reference picture. . In this case, as described later, a prediction sample filtering procedure for all or part of the prediction samples of the current block may be further performed depending on the case.

For example, the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding apparatus 200 may include a prediction mode determination unit 261, a motion information derivation unit 262, and a prediction sample derivation unit 263, and the prediction mode determination unit The prediction mode for the current block is determined based on the prediction mode information received at 181, and the motion information (motion vector) of the current block based on the information on the motion information received from the motion information deriving unit 182. And/or a reference picture index), and predicted samples of the current block may be derived from the predicted sample deriving unit 183.

The decoding apparatus 200 generates residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information (S1440). The decoding apparatus 200 may generate reconstructed samples for the current block based on the predicted samples and residual samples, and generate a reconstructed picture based on the reconstructed samples. (S1450). As described above, an in-loop filtering procedure may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.

As described above, the inter prediction procedure may include a step of determining an inter prediction mode, a step of deriving motion information according to the determined prediction mode, and performing a prediction (generating a predictive sample) based on the derived motion information.

Various inter prediction modes may be used for prediction of a current block in a picture. For example, various modes such as a merge mode, a skip mode, an MVP mode, and an affine mode may be used. Decoder side motion vector refinement (DMVR) mode, adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR) mode, and the like may be further used as ancillary modes. The affine mode may also be called aaffine motion prediction mode. The MVP mode may also be called AMVP (advanced motion vector prediction) mode.

Prediction mode information indicating the inter prediction mode of the current block may be signaled from the encoding device to the decoding device 200. The prediction mode information may be included in the bitstream and received by the decoding apparatus 200. The prediction mode information may include index information indicating one of a plurality of candidate modes. Alternatively, the inter prediction mode may be indicated through hierarchical signaling of flag information. In this case, the prediction mode information may include one or more flags. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 signals whether a skip mode is applied by signaling a skip flag, and indicates whether a merge mode is applied by signaling a merge flag when a skip mode is not applied, and when a merge mode is not applied. It may be indicated that the MVP mode is applied or may further signal a flag for additional classification. The affine mode may be signaled as an independent mode, or may be signaled as a mode dependent on a merge mode or an MVP mode. For example, the affine mode may be configured as one candidate of the merge candidate list or the MVP candidate list, as described later.

The encoding apparatus 100 or the decoding apparatus 200 may perform inter prediction using motion information of a current block. The encoding apparatus 100 may derive optimal motion information for the current block through a motion estimation procedure. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 may search for a similar reference block having high correlation within a predetermined search range in a reference picture by using a original block in the original picture for the current block in a fractional pixel unit, and through this, motion information Can be derived. The similarity of the block can be derived based on the difference of phase-based sample values. For example, the similarity of a block may be calculated based on a sum of absolute difference (SAD) between a current block (or a template of the current block) and a reference block (or a template of a reference block). In this case, motion information may be derived based on a reference block having the smallest SAD in the search area. The derived motion information may be signaled to the decoding apparatus according to various methods based on the inter prediction mode.

When the merge mode is applied, motion information of a current prediction block is not directly transmitted, and motion information of a current prediction block is derived using motion information of a neighboring prediction block. Accordingly, the encoding apparatus 100 may indicate motion information of the current prediction block by transmitting flag information indicating that the merge mode is used and a merge index indicating which prediction blocks are used.

The encoding apparatus 100 must search a merge candidate block used to derive motion information of a current prediction block in order to perform a merge mode. For example, up to five merge candidate blocks may be used, but the present specification is not limited thereto. In addition, the maximum number of merge candidate blocks may be transmitted in the slice header, and the present specification is not limited thereto. After finding the merge candidate blocks, the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a merge candidate list, and may select a merge candidate block having the smallest cost as a final merge candidate block.

This specification provides various embodiments of a merge candidate block constituting a merge candidate list.

The merge candidate list may use 5 merge candidate blocks, for example. For example, four spatial merge candidates and one temporal merge candidate can be used.

Referring to FIG. 16, for prediction of a current block, a left neighboring block (A1), a bottom-left neighboring block (A2), a top-right neighboring block (B0), and an upper neighboring block (B1) ), at least one of a top-left neighboring block B2 may be used. The merge candidate list for the current block may be configured based on the procedure shown in FIG. 17.

The coding apparatus (encoding apparatus 100 or decoding apparatus 200) searches for spatial neighboring blocks of the current block and inserts the derived spatial merge candidates into the merge candidate list (S1710). For example, the spatial peripheral blocks may include blocks around the lower left corner of the current block, blocks around the left corner, blocks around the upper right corner, blocks around the upper corner, and blocks around the upper left corner. However, as an example, in addition to the spatial peripheral blocks described above, additional peripheral blocks such as a right peripheral block, a lower peripheral block, and a lower right peripheral block may be further used as the spatial peripheral blocks. The coding apparatus may detect available blocks by searching for spatial neighboring blocks based on priority, and derive motion information of the detected blocks as spatial merge candidates. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 or the decoding apparatus 200 searches the five blocks shown in FIG. 11 in the order of A1, B1, B0, A0, B2, sequentially indexes available candidates, and merges candidates It can be configured as a list.

The coding apparatus searches for temporal neighboring blocks of the current block and inserts the derived temporal merge candidate into the merge candidate list (S1720). The temporal peripheral block may be located on a reference picture that is a different picture from the current picture in which the current block is located. The reference picture in which the temporal neighboring block is located may be referred to as a collocated picture or a coll picture. The temporal neighboring blocks may be searched in the order of the lower right corner peripheral block and the lower right center block of the co-located block for the current block on the call picture. Meanwhile, when motion data compression is applied, specific motion information may be stored as a representative motion information for each predetermined storage unit in a call picture. In this case, there is no need to store motion information for all blocks in the predetermined storage unit, thereby obtaining a motion data compression effect. In this case, the predetermined storage unit may be predetermined in units of, for example, 16x16 sample units, or 8x8 sample units, or size information for a predetermined storage unit may be signaled from the encoding device 100 to the decoding device 200. have. When motion data compression is applied, motion information of a temporal peripheral block may be replaced with representative motion information of a predetermined storage unit in which the temporal peripheral block is located. That is, in this case, from an implementation point of view, an arithmetic right shift by a certain value based on the coordinates (top left sample position) of the temporal neighboring block, rather than the prediction block located in the coordinates of the temporal neighboring block, and then covers the position of the arithmetic left shift A temporal merge candidate may be derived based on motion information of a prediction block. For example, if the constant storage unit is 2nx2n sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> n) << n), (yTnb >> n) Motion information of the prediction block located at << n)) may be used for temporal merge candidates. Specifically, for example, if the constant storage unit is 16x16 sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> 4) << 4), (yTnb >> 4) Motion information of the prediction block located at << 4)) can be used for temporal merge candidates. Or, for example, if the constant storage unit is 8x8 sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> 3) << 3), (yTnb >> 3 ) << 3)) motion information of the prediction block located at may be used for temporal merge candidate.

The coding apparatus may check whether the number of current merge candidates is smaller than the maximum number of merge candidates (S1730). The maximum number of merge candidates may be predefined or signaled from the encoding device 100 to the decoding device 200. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 may generate information on the number of maximum merge candidates, encode, and transmit the encoded information to the decoding apparatus 200 in the form of a bitstream. When the maximum number of merge candidates is filled, the subsequent candidate addition process may not proceed.

As a result of checking, if the number of current merge candidates is smaller than the number of maximum merge candidates, the coding apparatus inserts an additional merge candidate into the merge candidate list (S1740). Additional merge candidates are, for example, adaptive temporal motion vector prediction (ATMVP), combined bi-predictive merge candidates (if the slice type of the current slice is of type B) and/or zero vector merge. Candidates may be included.

When a motion vector prediction (MVP) mode is applied, a motion vector corresponding to a reconstructed spatial neighboring block (eg, the neighboring block of FIG. 16) and/or a motion vector corresponding to a temporal neighboring block (or Col block) is used. , A motion vector predictor (MVP) candidate list may be generated. That is, the motion vector of the reconstructed spatial neighboring block and/or the motion vector corresponding to the temporal neighboring block may be used as a motion vector predictor candidate. The prediction information may include selection information (eg, an MVP flag or an MVP index) indicating an optimal motion vector predictor candidate selected from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the list. At this time, the prediction unit may select a motion vector predictor of the current block from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the motion vector candidate list, using the selection information. The prediction unit of the encoding apparatus 100 may obtain a motion vector difference (MVD) between a motion vector of a current block and a motion vector predictor, encode it, and output it in the form of a bitstream. That is, the MVD can be obtained by subtracting the motion vector predictor from the motion vector of the current block. At this time, the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain a motion vector difference included in the information about the prediction, and derive the motion vector of the current block through addition of the motion vector difference and the motion vector predictor. The prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain or derive a reference picture index indicating the reference picture from the information on the prediction. For example, the motion vector predictor candidate list may be configured as shown in FIG. 18.

Referring to FIG. 18, the coding apparatus searches for a spatial candidate block for motion vector prediction and inserts it into the prediction candidate list (S1810). For example, the coding apparatus may search for neighboring blocks according to a predetermined search order, and add information of neighboring blocks satisfying the condition for the spatial candidate block to the prediction candidate list (MVP candidate list).

After constructing the spatial candidate block list, the coding apparatus compares the number of spatial candidate lists included in the prediction candidate list with a preset reference number (eg, 2) (S1820). If the number of spatial candidate lists included in the prediction candidate list is greater than or equal to the reference number (eg, 2), the coding apparatus may end the construction of the prediction candidate list.

However, when the number of spatial candidate lists included in the prediction candidate list is smaller than the reference number (eg, 2), the coding device searches for the temporal candidate block and inserts it into the prediction candidate list (S1830), and the temporal candidate block is used If it is not possible, the zero motion vector is added to the prediction candidate list (S1840).

The predicted block for the current block may be derived based on the motion information derived according to the prediction mode. The predicted block may include predictive samples (predictive sample array) of the current block. When the motion vector of the current block indicates a fractional sample unit, an interpolation procedure may be performed, and through this, predictive samples of the current block may be derived based on reference samples in a fractional sample unit in a reference picture. . When affine inter prediction is applied to the current block, prediction samples may be generated based on a motion vector per sample/subblock. When bi-direction prediction is applied, prediction samples derived based on first direction prediction (eg, L0 prediction) and prediction samples derived based on second direction prediction (eg, L1 prediction) ( The final prediction samples can be derived through weighted sum (per phase). As described above, reconstruction samples and reconstruction pictures may be generated based on the derived prediction samples, and then procedures such as in-loop filtering may be performed.

Hereinafter, an embodiment for performing inter prediction using a merge mode to which an MMVD technique according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied will be described.

The embodiments described below may be performed at the decoding stage, or may be performed at the encoding stage within a range corresponding to the decoding stage operation. For example, the encoding device may first derive information signaled to the decoding device, encode the information, and transmit the encoded information to the decoding device.

The encoding device may configure motion-related information as shown in the following table, and encode each unit of syntax elements, and transmit it to the decoding device in the form of a bitstream.

In order to improve the accuracy of a motion vector in a merge mode or a skip mode, a refinement technique such as MVP may be applied. The merge with MVD (MMVD) technique can improve accuracy by adjusting the size and direction of a motion vector with respect to a selected candidate among candidates configured with a merge candidate list construction method.

The coding apparatus may determine a specific candidate from the merge candidate list as a base candidate. When the number of available base candidates is two, the first candidate and the second candidate in the list can be used as base candidates. The encoding apparatus 100 may transmit information on the selected base candidate by signaling a base candidate index. The number of base candidates may be variously set, and if the number of base candidates is 1, the base candidate index may not be used. Table 3 below shows an example of the base candidate index.

Referring to Table 3, if the base candidate index is 0, the motion vector corresponding to the first candidate is determined as the base candidate in the currently configured merge candidate list (or MVP candidate list), and if the base candidate index is 1, the currently configured merge candidate list ( Alternatively, a motion vector corresponding to the second candidate in the MVP candidate list) may be determined as a base candidate.

The encoding apparatus 100 may be refined by signaling a size (MMVD length) and a direction (MMVD code) applied to a motion vector corresponding to a base candidate, where the length index (MMVD length index) is applied to the motion vector. The size of the applied MVD is indicated, and the direction index (MMVD code index) indicates the direction of the MVD applied to the motion vector. Table 4 below shows the size of the MVD (MMVD offset) according to the length index (MMVD length index), and Table 5 shows the direction of the MVD according to the direction index (MMVD code index).

When considering a base candidate, a distance index, and a direction index, a motion search method in MMVD may be expressed as shown in FIG. 19. In particular, in the case of bidirectional prediction, a motion vector in the L1 direction may be derived using a mirroring scheme for the L0 motion vector.

Referring to FIG. 19, when an MMVD offset such as +s and +2s is applied to a motion vector for an L0 reference picture, mirroring is performed for an L1 reference picture temporally opposite from the L0 reference picture based on the current picture. This can be applied.

According to the signaling method used in MMVD, when considering two base candidates, eight MMVD length indexes, and four MMVD code indexes, there are a total of 64 MVD candidates for motion vector improvement. This not only increases the encoder complexity, but it is difficult to efficiently consider the size and direction of the motion vector, so the embodiments of the present specification provide a method and apparatus for efficiently applying the MMVD technique.

In order to effectively signal MVD in AMVP mode, adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR) technology has been applied. When the size of the motion vector is large, many bits are required for signaling of the motion vector, so to reduce the bits required for transmission, a 1-integer pixel or a 4-integer pixel is used. An operation of down-scaling the MVD having 1/4 or 1/16 may be performed. If the AMVR index (imv_idx) is 0, the encoding device 100 signals MVD without applying AMVR, and if imv_idx is 1, the MVD of 1-integer pixels is scaled by 1/4 and signaled, and if imv_idex is 2, 4-integer The MVD of the pixel may be signaled by being scaled by 1/16.

Since AMVR technology is an index reflecting the characteristics of motion of each image or block, especially the size of motion, the embodiment of the present specification enables the adaptation of the distance table in MMVD by using the imv_idx value. We propose a method that can reduce index overhead and improve compression performance.

Table 6 shows a table of MMVD offset values for the MMVD length index according to this embodiment. According to Table 6, different MMVD offsets are allocated for each MMVD length index according to imv_idx. That is, in case 1, imv_idx is 0, the base motion vector may be adjusted by a distance of 1/4-pel to 2-pel. In addition, in case 2, when imv_idx is 1, the base motion vector may be adjusted by a distance of 1/2-pel to 4-pel. Finally, in case 3, when imv_idx is 2, the base motion vector may be adjusted by a distance of 1-pel to 8-pel. The number of candidates and candidate values in the distance table described in this specification only represent one example, and other numbers or different values may be used.

In one embodiment, the AMVR index may be determined based on the resolution of a motion vector difference (MVD) applied to a motion vector of a neighboring block associated with the merge index. For example, the AMVR index may be determined based on AMVR information (AMVR index) of spatial or temporal neighboring blocks used in the process of generating a merge or MVP candidate list of the current block.

AMVR mode is applied in AMVP and is not used in merge/skip mode. Therefore, the AMVR index may be separately set in the merge/skip mode to determine the above-described AMVR mode-based length table determination method. That is, when the current block is in the merge/skip mode, the AMVR index (imv_idx) of the neighboring block is set and stored so that AMVR can be applied when configuring candidates for MMVD. At this time, since the coding device performs context modeling using imv_idx of the left or upper neighboring block in the parsing process, MMVD in order to prevent imv_idx of the neighboring block stored in the decoding process of the merge/skip mode from being applied in the parsing process The AMVR index of the block to which is applied is distinguished from the AMVR index of the block to which AMVP is applied by naming it as a separate syntax element (eg, imv_idc).

The following embodiment provides a method of storing an AMVR index (imv_idc) in the process of constructing an MVP candidate list for a block to which merge/skip mode is applied. According to MMVD, a base motion vector corresponding to a selected candidate among MVP candidates configured in a decoding process of a block to which merge/skip mode is applied is adjusted, and according to characteristics of adjacent blocks (resolution or AMVR index of MVD) in a candidate list configuration process The AMVR index can be set as follows.

-For spatially adjacent blocks, the AMVR index of the adjacent blocks is used.

-For temporally adjacent blocks, a default value (eg 0) is used.

-For a neighbor block to which a history-based motion vector predictor (HMVP) is applied, an AMVR index matching candidates stored in the HMVP buffer is used, or in the case of an HMVP candidate, a default value (eg, 0) is always used. In this document, HMVP is a method of using prediction information (motion vector, reference picture index) of another block that has already been decoded (restored) in the current picture as information for prediction of the current block, where HVMP candidate is a spatial candidate, After the temporal candidate, it may be added to the merge candidate list.

-For pairwise candidates, when the candidates of the L0 motion vector (L0 block) and the L1 motion vector (L1 block) have the same AMVR index, a common AMVR index is used, and the L0 motion vector (L0 block) and L1 If the motion vector (L1 block) has a different AMVR index, the default value (eg 0) is used.

-When the candidates of the L0 motion vector (L0 block) and the L1 motion vector (L1 block) have the same AMVR index, the corresponding AMVR index is used, and in other cases, the larger AMVR index value is used.

-For zero vector, use the default value (eg 0).

It is natural that all of the above-described methods may be applied, or only a part may be applied.

In addition, when constructing a triangular mode candidate list, the AMVR index value of adjacent blocks can be stored to propagate the merge/skip mode afterwards. At this time, in the triangular mode, as shown in FIG. 20, one CU (coding unit) is divided into two triangular shaped prediction units (PUs), and each PU can be predicted by uni-prediction. For each PU, a candidate list for unidirectional prediction may be constructed in a manner similar to a general merge/skip mode. When a triangular mode is applied, one CU is composed of two PUs (Cand0, Cand1), so the AMVR index of the corresponding block (CU) can be determined by considering all of the AMVR indexes of the two blocks (PU). Can.

-Use AMVR index of Cand0.

-Use AMVR index of Cand1.

-When Cand0 and Cand1 have the same AMVR index, the corresponding value is used.

-If the AMVR index of Cand0 and Cand1 are different, the default value (eg 0) is used.

-If AMVR index of Cand0 and Cand1 are different, use a larger value.

It is natural that all or some of the above-described methods may be applied.

In addition, when constructing a candidate list in a multi-hypothesis (M/H) mode, the AMVR index of adjacent blocks can be stored so that the AMVR index value is propagated to the merge/skip mode later. At this time, the M/H mode is a technique in which intra prediction and inter prediction are combined in the merge/skip mode, and signals both indexes for the intra mode and the merge mode. The candidate list is constructed in a similar manner to the normal merge/skip mode, and when the M/H mode is applied, the AMVR index can be set for the corresponding block as follows.

-When the block is spatially adjacent, the AMVR index of the adjacent block is used.

-When the block is temporally adjacent, the default value (eg 0) is used.

-For HMVP candidates, i) use the AMVR index matching the candidates stored in the HMVP buffer, or ii) always use the default value (eg 0).

-When pairwise, i) L0 candidate (L0 block) and L1 candidate (L1 block) use the common AMVR index when they have the same AMVR index; otherwise, use the default value (eg 0) Or, ii) When the L0 candidate (L0 block) and the L1 candidate (L1 block) have the same AMVR index, a common AMVR index is used, and in other cases, a larger AMVR index is used.

-For the zero vector, the default value (eg 0) is used.

It is natural that the above-described methods may be applied or some may be applied.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the AMVR index may be updated based on the MMVD length (offset). Also, the updated AMVR index may be reused as the AMVR index of at least one block processed after the current block. Using the above-described method, the AMVR index of the base motion vector for MMVD can be derived, and the distance of the motion vector for refinement can be determined by selecting the MMVD length table based on the derived AMVR index. However, even if the MMVD length table is selected based on the AMVR index of the base motion vector, a distance value such as 1-pel or 4-pel can be selected among the candidates in the table, so the AMVR index is selected based on the length selected in the MMVD process. Can be updated. This is because the MMVD length also plays the role of AMVR. Accordingly, the AMVR index can be updated according to the selected MMVD length as shown in Table 7 below.

That is, if the MMVD length is determined to be 4-pel or 8-pel, this is similar to the MMVD offset candidate values corresponding to Case 3 (when AMVR index (imv_idc) is 2) in Table 6 (corresponds to Case 3 in Table 6). Since the probability of doing so is large), the AMVR index of the base motion vector may be updated to 2. In addition, if the MMVD distance is determined to be a value of 1-pel or more, this is similar to the MMVD offset candidate values corresponding to Case 2 in Table 6 (when AMVR index (imv_idc) is 1) (possibility of corresponding to Case 2 in Table 6) Because it is large) it can be updated to 1.

That is, if the MMVD offset is greater than or equal to the reference value, the AMVR index is determined to indicate the first MMVD set, and if the size of the MMVD offset is less than the reference value, the MMVD range index is determined to indicate the second MMVD set index. The first MMVD set has a value greater than the MMVD offset of the second MMVD set for the same MMVD length index.

The magnitude of the x and y values of the base motion vector of the MMVD may have an effect similar to that of the AMVR of the block in deriving the distance for refinement. In addition, even if the AMVR index is not applied, there is an advantage that it is not dependent on other tools. Accordingly, the present embodiment provides a method of determining the MMVD length table according to the value of the base motion vector. Table 8 below is another example of a table showing the relationship between the MMVD length index and the MMVD offset values, and shows a method of determining the MMVD length table according to the value of the base motion vector.

Case 1 has the following conditions.

-When bidirectional prediction is applied and 4-pel motion vectors are used

(L0_x% 16 == 0 && L0_y% 16 == 0 && L1_x% 16 == 0 && L1_y% 16 == 0)

-When unidirectional prediction is applied and 4-pel unit motion vector is used

(LX_x% 16 == 0 && LX_y% 16 == 0, X = 0, 1)

If the condition of Case 1 is satisfied, it is adjusted to a distance of 1-pel to 8-pel.

If Case 1 is not satisfied, the conditions for Case 2 are as follows.

-When bi-directional prediction is applied and 1-pel unit motion vector is used

(L0_x% 4 == 0 && L0_y% 4 == 0 && L1_x% 4 == 0 && L1_y% 4 == 0)

-When unidirectional prediction is applied and a motion vector of 1-pel comfort is used

(LX_x% 4 == 0 && LX_y% 4 == 0, X = 0, 1)

If the condition of Case 2 is satisfied, it is adjusted to a distance of 1/2-pel to 4-pel.

If Case 1 and Case 2 are not satisfied, the distance may be adjusted to a distance of 1/4-pel to 2-pel corresponding to Case 3. The number of candidates and the candidate values in the distance table described in this specification are only examples, and it is natural that other numbers or different values may be applied.

Case 1 to Case 3 described above may be modified and applied as follows. That is, if one of the candidates to which bi-directional prediction is applied has a motion vector in units of 4-pel or 1-pel as in the following conditions, it may be determined that the condition is satisfied.

For example, the condition of Case 1 may be as follows.

-When bidirectional prediction is applied and 4-pel motion vectors are used

((L0_x% 16 == 0 && L0_y% 16 == 0)||(L1_x% 16 == 0 && L1_y% 16 == 0))

-When unidirectional prediction is applied and 4-pel unit motion vector is used

(LX_x% 16 == 0 && LX_y% 16 == 0, X = 0, 1)

If Case 1 is not satisfied, the conditions for Case 2 are as follows.

-When bi-directional prediction is applied and 1-pel unit motion vector is used

(((L0_x% 4 == 0 && L0_y% 4 == 0)) (L1_x% 4 == 0 && L1_y% 4 == 0))

(LX_x% 4 == 0 && LX_y% 4 == 0, X = 0, 1)

This embodiment may be applied when AMVR is not used, or may be used regardless of whether AMVR is applied. In addition, when the AMVR is applied (imv_dic = 1, 2), the MMVD length table is determined according to the AMVR index, and when the AMVR is not applied (imv_idc = 0), the MMVD is based on the pixel unit of the motion vector as in this embodiment. The length table can be determined.

That is, the range of the MMVD offset applied to the motion vector may be determined based on the resolution of the position coordinates indicated by the AMVR index and the base motion vector. For example, when the AMVR index is 0, the range of the MMVD offset applied to the motion vector for prediction of the current block may be determined based on the position coordinate indicated by the motion vector. Here, the position coordinates may include a horizontal position (x coordinate) and/or a vertical position (y coordinate) from an arbitrary position in the picture or block (eg, the position of the upper left pixel).

According to an embodiment of the present specification, the size of the current block may be considered in the process of applying the MMVD by reflecting the characteristics of the current block. The table for the MMVD offset value may be determined in consideration of at least one of the AMVR mode, the size of the x, y values of the base motion vector, or the size of the current block.

That is, the range of the MMVD offset applied to the motion vector may be determined based on the AMVR index and the size of the current block. For example, the following method may be considered.

-When AMVR index (imv_idc) is 0 and wxh> 256 (hereinafter, w corresponds to the width of the current block, h corresponds to the height of the current block), the MMVD length table of {2, 4, 8, 16} is used, and Otherwise, Table 6 or Table 8 is used.

-When AMVR index is 0 and w> 16 && h> 16, the MMVD length table of {2, 4, 8, 16} is used, otherwise Table 6 or Table 8 is used.

-When the AMVR index is greater than 0 and w x h> 256, the MMVD length table of {2, 4, 8, 16} is used, otherwise Table 6 or Table 8 is used.

-When the AMVR index is greater than 0 and w> 16 && h> 16, the MMVD length table of {2, 4, 8, 16} is used, otherwise Table 6 or Table 8 is used.

Here, the threshold value compared to the used block size may be changed, and the width and height may be considered simultaneously, or the width x height may be considered. It is also natural that AMVR indexes and/or base motion vectors can be considered together.

One embodiment of the present specification may determine the MMVD candidate set based on the size of the base motion vector of the MMVD (horizontal (x) size and/or vertical (y) size). The magnitude of the x and y values of the base motion vector of the MMVD can be used to derive an effect similar to the AMVR in deriving the distance for MMVD refinement.

Table 7 shows an example in which different distance tables are allocated according to x and y values of the base motion vector according to an embodiment of the present specification.

As illustrated in FIG. 21, when the motion vector MV is greater than the first reference value T1, the first MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 1 (1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel, 8-pel) Can be used. If the motion vector MV is less than or equal to the first reference value T1 and greater than the second reference value T2, the second set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 2 (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2- pel, 4-pel) can be used. If the motion vector MV is smaller than the second reference value T2, a third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3 (1/4-pel, 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) is used. Can.

For example, the first reference value T1 and the second reference value T2 may be set as follows, and various values may be used depending on the implementation.

T1 = 128 (128(8-pel) when 1/16 precision is applied, 64(8-pel) when 1/4 precision is applied)

T2 = 16 (16(1-pel) when 1/16 precision is applied, 4(1-pel) when 1/4 precision is applied)

The description of the comparison between the motion vector MV and the first reference value T1 or the second reference value T2 is as follows. When bi-directional prediction is used, both x and y of the L0 and L1 motion vectors can be considered as follows.

(L0_x> T1 && L0_y> T1 && L1_x> T1 && L1_y >T1)

L0_x is the horizontal size (x value) of the motion vector with respect to the first prediction direction (L0), L0_y is the vertical size (y value) of the motion vector with respect to the first prediction direction (L0), and L1_x is the second The horizontal direction magnitude (x value) of the motion vector with respect to the prediction direction L1, L1_y represents the vertical direction magnitude (y value) of the motion vector with respect to the second prediction direction L1.

When uni-directional prediction (LX, X = 0, 1) is applied, x and y values of the base motion vector may be considered.

(LX_x> T1 && LX_y> T1)

LX_x is the horizontal direction magnitude (x value) of the motion vector with respect to the first or second prediction direction (LX, X = 0, 1), and LX_y is the first or second prediction direction (LX, X = 0, 1). Represents the magnitude (y value) of the vertical motion vector.

In addition, when bi-directional prediction is applied, L0 or L1 motion vectors may be considered and may be expressed as follows.

(L0_x> T1 && L0_y> T1) || (L1_x> T1 && L1_y >T1)

Similarly, when unidirectional prediction (LX, X = 0, 1) is applied, the x and y values of the base motion vector can be considered.

(LX_x> T1 && LX_y> T1)

In addition, when bi-directional prediction is applied, an x or y value of each of the L0 or L1 direction motion vectors may be considered.

L0_x> T1 || L0_y> T1 || L1_x> T1 || L1_y >T1

Similarly, when unidirectional prediction (LX, X = 0, 1) is applied, the x or y value of the base motion vector can be considered.

LX_x> T1 || LX_y> T1

An embodiment of the present specification may determine the MMVD candidate set based on the size of the base motion vector of the MMVD (horizontal (x) size and/or vertical (y) size) and block size.

Table 10 shows an example in which different distance tables are allocated according to the size and block size of the base motion vector according to the present embodiment. Cases according to the base motion vector and block size may be expressed as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23.

According to FIG. 22, when the base motion vector MV is greater than the first reference value T1, if the block size BS is greater than the first block size reference value BS_T1, the first MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 1 If (1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel, 8-pel) is used, and the block size (BS) is less than or equal to the first block size reference value (BS_T1), the third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3 ( 1/4-pel, 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) can be used.

Further, when the base motion vector MV is less than or equal to the first reference value T1 and greater than the second reference value T2, if the block size BS is greater than the second block size reference value BS_T2, Case 2 A second MMVD candidate set corresponding to (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) is used, and if the block size (BS) is less than or equal to the second block size reference value (BS_T2), Case A third MMVD candidate set corresponding to 3 (1/4-pel, 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) may be used. If the base motion vector MV is less than or equal to the second second reference value T2, a third set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 3 (1/4-pel, 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2- pel) can be used.

According to FIG. 23, when the base motion vector MV is greater than the first reference value T1, if the block size BS is greater than the first block size reference value BS_T1, the first MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 1 If (1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel, 8-pel) is used, and the block size (BS) is less than or equal to the first block size reference value (BS_T1), the second set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 2 ( 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) can be used.

At this time, the first reference value T1 and the second reference value T2 may be set as follows, and various values may be used depending on the implementation.

In addition, the first and second block size reference values BS_T1 and T2 may be set as follows, but this is only an example and may be changed.

BS_T1 = 32

BS_T2 = 16

(L0_x> T1 && L0_y> T1 && L1_x> T1 && L1_y >T1)

(LX_x> T1 && LX_y> T1)

(L0_x> T1 && L0_y> T1) || (L1_x> T1 && L1_y >T1)

(LX_x> T1 && LX_y> T1)

L0_x> T1 || L0_y> T1 || L1_x> T1 || L1_y >T1

LX_x> T1 || LX_y> T1

The bit length of the MMVD length index can be reduced by determining the MMVD candidate set based on the size and block size of the motion vector as in this embodiment.

According to one embodiment of the present specification, the MMVD candidate set may be determined based on the pixel resolution of coordinates indicated by the motion vector.

Table 11 shows an example of a distance table based on the resolution of the coordinates indicated by the motion vector.

According to FIG. 24, when the motion vector is not 0, when the motion vector has a resolution of 4-pel units (MV% 64 = 0), the first set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 1 (1-pel, 2-pel , 4-pel, 8-pel) are used, and if the motion vector does not have a resolution of 4-pel units (MV% 64 != 0) and the motion vector has a resolution of 1-pel units (MV% 16 == 0 ) The second MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 2 (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) may be used. In other cases, a third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3 (1/4-pel, 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) may be used.

Here, when the motion vector is not 0, it may be determined as follows. The following is an example of the case where the base motion vector is bi-directional prediction, and a similar method can be applied to uni-directional prediction.

L0_x != 0 && L0_y != 0 && L1_x != 0 && L1_y != 0 or,

(L0_x != 0 && L0_y != 0) || (L1_x != 0 && L1_y != 0) or

L0_x != 0 || L0_y != 0 || L1_x != 0 || L1_y != 0

A method for determining whether the motion vector has a resolution of 4-pel units may be as follows. The following is an example of the case where the base motion vector is bi-directional prediction, and a similar method can be used when uni-directional prediction is applied.

L0_x% 64 == 0 && L0_y% 64 == 0 && L1_x% 64 == 0 && L1_y% 64 == 0 or,

(L0_x% 64 == 0 && L0_y% 64 == 0) || (L1_x% 64 == 0 && L1_y% 64 == 0) or,

(L0_x% 64 == 0) || (L0_y% 64 == 0) || (L1_x% 64 == 0) || (L1_y% 64 == 0)

In this case, 64 and 16 may be applied when the motion vector has a precision of 1/16, but this is only an example and may vary according to a video processing system.

The bit length of the MMVD length index can be reduced by determining the MMVD candidate set based on the resolution of the pixel indicated by the motion vector as in this embodiment.

According to one embodiment of the present specification, the MMVD candidate set may be determined based on the size of the motion vector and the resolution of the pixel coordinates indicated by the resolution of the motion vector. The MMVD distance table can be determined as follows, considering the size of the x and y values of the base motion vector of the MMVD and the motion vector resolution.

Table 12 shows an example in which different distance tables are allocated according to the size of the base motion vector and the resolution of the base motion vector. Case according to the base motion vector value and resolution may be set as shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 26.

According to FIG. 25, when the motion vector MV is greater than the first reference value T1, when the resolution of the motion vector is 2-pel (MV% 32 == 0), the first MMVD corresponding to Case 1 The candidate set (1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel, 8-pel) is used, otherwise (MV% 32 != 0), the third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3 (1/4-pel, ( 1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel may be used, and when the motion vector MV is less than or equal to the first reference value T1 and greater than the second reference value T2, 1 If the resolution is -pel (MV% 16 == 0), the second set of MMVD candidates (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) corresponding to Case 2 is used, otherwise ( MV% != 16) A third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3. A third MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 3 may be used when the direct vector (MV) is less than or equal to the second reference value (T2). (1/4-pel, (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) can be used.

According to FIG. 26, when the motion vector MV is greater than the first reference value T1, when the resolution of the motion vector is 2-pel (MV% 32 == 0), the first MMVD corresponding to Case 1 The candidate set (1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel, 8-pel) is used, otherwise (MV% 32 != 0), the second MMVD candidate set corresponding to Case 2 (1/2-pel, 1 -pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) can be used. In addition, when the motion vector MV is less than or equal to the first reference value T1 and greater than the second reference value T2, when the resolution of 1-pel unit is obtained (MV% 16 == 0), it corresponds to Case 2 The second set of MMVD candidates (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel, 4-pel) is used, otherwise (MV% != 16), the third set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 3 can be used. have. When the direct vector (MV) is less than or equal to the second reference value T2, a third set of MMVD candidates corresponding to Case 3 (1/4-pel, (1/2-pel, 1-pel, 2-pel) ) Can be used.

Here, the reference values 32 and 16 for the motion vector resolution can be applied when the motion vector has an accuracy of 1/16, which means that it has an accuracy of 2-pel and 1-pel, respectively, but this is only one example. Its value can vary.

The bit length of the MMVD length index can be reduced by determining the MMVD candidate set based on the size and resolution of the motion vector as in this embodiment.

One embodiment of the present specification provides a method for reducing signaling overhead by scaling an MMVD offset based on at least one of a motion vector or block size.

The syntax for implementing the MMVD currently discussed is introduced as shown in Table 13 below.

Here, mmvd_merge_flag means a starting point for MVD derived from a merge candidate list. mmvd_distance_idx represents the distance from the point of lapse (MMVD distance), and the MMVD distance is predefined in the range of 1 to 127 (1/4 pel to 32 pel) as shown in Table 14 (substantially the same as Table 4) (pre-defined) ). mmvd_direction_idx indicates the direction from the stop point, and the direction is defined as Table 15 (substantially the same as Table 5).

From the MMVD distance (MmvdDistance) and MMVD sign (MmvdSign) shown in Table 14 and Table 15, the MMVD offset (MmvdOffset) can be derived as follows.

MmvdOffset[ x0 ][ y0 ][ 0] = (MmvdDistance[ x0 ][ y0] << 2) * MmvdSign[ x0 ][ y0 ][0]

MmvdOffset[ x0 ][ y0 ][ 1] = (MmvdDistance[ x0 ][ y0] << 2) * MmvdSign[ x0 ][ y0 ][1]

As described above, in the current MMVD scheme, 64 combinations from 2 starting points, 8 movement distances, and 4 movement directions can be used as candidates for MMVD. To reduce the number of candidates, the method proposed in the embodiments of the present specification can be applied to MMVD. Table 16 below shows motion distance candidates in which the number of candidates is reduced by half.

In this embodiment, the actual movement distance from the given movement distance index is further adjusted in consideration of the following methods.

Method 1: Consider the size of the base motion vector and block size

In method 1, since the motion vector size and block size are useful indicators for estimating the tendency of motion, the motion distance in MMVD is determined by the size of the base motion vector and the width and height of the block. In general, the MMVD distance is controlled by the left shift 2 because a motion vector indicating a distance position is used and a coding block having a large block size has coarse motion. In the same way, the MMVD distance is controlled by the left shift 1 because a coding block having a small block size and coded using the size of a motion vector indicating a close position has a grain motion. Table 17 below shows the specific conditions of the proposed method.

Method 2: Resolution of the base motion vector

In MMVD, the motion distance is determined by the motion vector resolution. Generally, since a coding block coded using a motion vector indicating an integer position has coarse motion, the MMVD distance is controlled by the left shift 2. In the same way, since a coding block coded with a motion vector indicating a fractional position has a grain motion, the MMVD distance is controlled by left shift 1. Method 2 may be performed as shown in Table 18 below when the x or y component for L0 or L1 is not zero.

Using the distance derived from Table 17 or Table 18, MVD (MvmdOffset) from the starting point for MMVD can be changed as follows.

MmvdOffset[ x0 ][ y0 ][ 0] = (distance << 2) * MmvdSign[ x0 ][ y0 ][0]

MmvdOffset[ x0 ][ y0 ][ 1] = (distance << 2) * MmvdSign[ x0 ][ y0 ][1]

Signaling overhead required to transmit the MMVD distance index can be reduced by performing scaling for the MMVD offset based on the motion vector or block size as in this embodiment.

The conditions related to the scaling of the above-described MMVD offset may be variously set as shown in Tables 19 to 26 below.

Conditions for checking the x and y magnitude of the base MV considered in the above-described embodiment may be simplified as shown in Table 19 below.

The scaling method of the MMVD offset considering condition 1 (x, y component and block size in the reference direction) can be expressed as shown in Table 20.

In addition, the scaling method of the MMVD offset considering condition 2 (x (or y) component and block size in each reference direction) may be expressed as Table 21.

At this time, as a condition for MMVD offset scaling, only the x (or y) component is always considered, or the x and y components can be considered adaptively according to the block size. In addition, x or y components may be selectively considered according to the direction in which the MMVD is applied. For example, only the x component may be considered when the direction for the MMVD is determined on the x-axis, and only the y component may be considered when the MMVD direction is determined on the y-axis.

The scaling method of the MMVD offset considering condition 3 (only the x (or y) component in each reference direction) can be expressed as Table 22.

At this time, as a condition for MMVD offset scaling, only the x (or y) component is always considered, or the x and y components can be considered adaptively according to the block size. In addition, x or y components may be selectively considered according to the direction in which the MMVD is applied. For example, only the x component may be considered when the direction for the MMVD is determined on the x-axis, and only the y component may be considered when the MMVD direction is determined on the y-axis. In this document, the meaning of considering each x and y component includes both x and y, or both x and y. In addition, the reference value (threshold) T1 may be changed according to an embodiment.

Also, a method of scaling the MMVD offset in consideration of condition 4 (x, y components and block size in one reference direction) may be expressed as Table 22 below.

For scaling the MMVD offset, motion information in one direction may be considered without considering both L0 and L1 lists. It is natural that combinations with conditions 1 to 3 are possible when using this method. Also, only the x or y component in one direction may be considered, and the x and y components may be considered adaptively depending on the size of the block and the direction of the motion vector. In addition, each comparison item can be changed to'or' or'and' condition, and the reference value can also be changed.

If the MMVD direction supports a diagonal direction, the MMVD offset can be scaled considering both x and y components, and can be expressed as Table 24 below.

As described above, a method for scaling the MMVD offset in consideration of the x and y resolution of the base MV can be expressed as Table 25 below.

The method of scaling the MMVD offset according to the resolution of the motion vector in consideration of condition 1 (x and y components in each reference direction) may be expressed as Table 26 below.

Also, a method of scaling the MMVD offset according to the resolution of the motion vector in consideration of condition 2 (the x(y) component in each reference direction) may be expressed as shown in Table 27 below.

In addition, considering the condition 2 (x, y components in one direction), a method of scaling the MMVD offset according to the resolution of the motion vector can be expressed as Table 28 below.

27 is a flowchart for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 27A shows an example of a video signal decoding method and FIG. 27B an example of a video signal encoding method. The operations of FIGS. 27A and 27B may be performed by the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding device 100 or the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding device 200. In addition, the operations of FIGS. 27A and 27B may be performed by the processor 510 of the video signal processing apparatus 500.

Referring to FIG. 27A, the decoding apparatus 200 obtains at least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on the merge index (S2710). For example, the decoding apparatus 200 constructs a merge candidate list from the spatial neighboring blocks A0, A1, B0, B1, and B2 of FIG. 16 and temporal neighboring blocks, and is indicated by the merge index in the merge candidate list Decide which candidates to merge. The decoding apparatus 200 may obtain information (reference picture index) for a motion vector and a reference picture corresponding to a merge candidate.

In step S2720, the decoding apparatus 200 determines an MMVD offset applied to at least one motion vector based on the MMVD length index. The MMVD offset represents a value for refinement of a motion vector obtained based on a merge index. The MMVD length index indicates an index indicating one of a plurality of MMVD offset candidate values.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the decoding apparatus 200 determines a first offset value associated with the length index, and based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block, the first offset A second offset value may be determined by scaling the value by a scale value, and the second offset value may be determined as an MMVD offset. For example, as shown in Table 17, the decoding apparatus 200 considers the magnitude (MV) of the motion vector and the width (W) and height (H) of the current block to shift values for scaling the MMVD offset (eg, 0, 1, 2) can be determined.

In one embodiment, the scale value may be determined based on at least one of the size of at least one motion vector and the resolution of coordinates indicated by the at least one motion vector. For example, the decoding apparatus 200 determines the shift value for scaling the MMVD offset in consideration of the magnitude (MV) of the motion vector, as shown in Table 17, or the MMVD offset in consideration of the resolution of the motion vector as shown in Table 18. The shift value for scaling can be determined.

In one embodiment, the first offset value may mean a value indicated by the MMVD length index in a table previously defined as in Table 14 or Table 16.

Further, at least one motion vector is composed of a horizontal component (x component) and a vertical component (y component), and an MMVD offset may be applied to at least one of the horizontal component or the vertical component. Further, in determining the condition for scaling the MMVD offset, both the horizontal component and the vertical component of the motion vector may be considered, or only one of the horizontal component and the vertical component may be considered.

In one embodiment, the at least one motion vector includes a first motion vector (L0 motion vector) associated with the first reference picture list (L0) and a second motion vector (L1 motion vector) associated with the second reference picture list (L1). And a second offset value may be determined based on at least one of the first motion vector or the second motion vector. That is, as a condition for scaling the MMVD offset, both the L0 motion vector and the L1 motion vector may be considered, or only one of the L1 motion vector or the L1 motion vector may be considered.

In operation S2730, the decoding apparatus 200 generates a prediction sample of the current block based on at least one motion vector to which an MMVD offset is applied and a reference picture associated with the merge index. Here, the decoding apparatus 200 determines the sign applied to the x or y value of the MMVD offset using the MMVD direction index, applies the MMVD offset to the sign determined by the MMVD direction index, and applies the MMVD sign. An offset value may be added to a motion vector, and a prediction sample may be generated using a motion vector to which an MMVD offset is applied.

27B shows an encoding method corresponding to FIG. 27A. Referring to FIG. 27B, in step S2760, the encoding apparatus 100 determines at least one motion vector and at least one reference picture for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block.

In step S2770, the encoding apparatus 100 determines an MMVD offset applied to at least one motion vector. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 constructs a merge candidate list from the spatial neighboring blocks A0, A1, B0, B1, and B2 of FIG. 16 and temporal neighboring blocks, and is indicated by the merge index in the merge candidate list Decide which candidates to merge. The encoding apparatus 200 may generate/code information (reference picture index) for a motion vector and a reference picture corresponding to a merge candidate.

In operation S2780, the encoding apparatus 100 performs prediction on the current block based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and at least one reference picture. The MMVD offset represents a value for refinement of a motion vector obtained based on a merge index. The encoding apparatus 100 may generate/code an MMVD length index, and the MMVD length index indicates an index indicating one of a plurality of MMVD offset candidate values.

In one embodiment, the encoding apparatus 100 determines the sign applied to the x or y value of the MMVD offset, applies the determined sign to the MMVD offset, adds the signed MMVD offset value to the motion vector, and the MMVD offset A predictive sample can be generated using this applied motion vector.

In operation S2790, the encoding apparatus 100 codes information related to prediction. Here, the prediction-related information includes at least one motion vector, a merge index (eg, merge index) associated with the at least one reference picture, and an MMVD distance index (eg, mmvd_distance_idx) indicating an MMVD offset value. can do. In addition, information related to prediction may code information related to a sign applied to an MMVD offset (eg, mmvd_direction_idx).

In particular, in order to determine the MMVD offset according to an embodiment of the present specification, the encoding apparatus 100 determines a first offset value associated with the MMVD length index, and determines the first offset value based on the at least one motion vector. The second offset value can be determined by scaling by the scale value, and the second offset value can be determined as the MMVD offset.

In one embodiment, the scale value may be determined based on at least one of the size of at least one motion vector and the resolution of coordinates indicated by the at least one motion vector. For example, the encoding apparatus 200 determines the shift value for scaling the MMVD offset in consideration of the magnitude (MV) of the motion vector, as shown in Table 17, or considers the resolution of the motion vector, as shown in Table 18, of the MMVD offset. The shift value for scaling can be determined.

The embodiments described herein may be implemented and implemented on a processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip. For example, the functional units shown in each figure may be implemented and implemented on a computer, processor, microprocessor, controller, or chip.

The processing method to which the present specification is applied may be produced in the form of a computer-executable program, and may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium. Multimedia data having a data structure according to the present specification may also be stored in a computer-readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of storage devices and distributed storage devices in which computer-readable data is stored. The computer-readable recording medium includes, for example, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Universal Serial Bus (USB), ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk and optical. It may include a data storage device. In addition, the computer-readable recording medium includes media implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission via the Internet). In addition, the bitstream generated by the encoding method may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium or transmitted through a wired or wireless communication network.

Further, the embodiments of the present specification may be implemented as a computer program product using program codes, and the program codes may be executed on a computer by the embodiments of the present specification. The program code can be stored on a computer readable carrier.

The decoding device and encoding device to which the present specification is applied may be included in a digital device. The term "digital device" includes all digital devices capable of performing at least one of transmission, reception, processing, and output, for example, of data, content, and services. Here, the processing of the data, content, service, etc. by the digital device includes an operation of encoding and/or decoding data, content, service, and the like. These digital devices are paired or connected (hereinafter referred to as'pairing') with other digital devices, external servers, etc. through a wired/wireless network to transmit and receive data. Convert it accordingly.

Digital devices include, for example, fixed devices such as network TV, HBBTV (Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV), smart TV (Smart TV), IPTV (internet protocol television), PC (Personal Computer), and the like. , PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), smart phones (Smart Phone), tablet PCs (Tablet PC), notebooks, mobile devices (mobile devices or handheld devices). For convenience, a digital TV is illustrated in FIG. 31 and a mobile device in FIG. 30, which will be described later, for convenience.

Meanwhile, the term "wired/wireless network" described herein refers to a communication network that supports various communication standards or protocols for interconnection and/or data transmission and reception between digital devices or digital devices and external servers. . Such a wired/wireless network may include both current and future communication networks to be supported by the standard and communication protocols therefor, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), Composite Video Banking Sync (CVBS), component, and S-Video. (Analog), communication standards or protocols for wired connections such as DVI (Digital Visual Interface), HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface), RGB, D-SUB, and Bluetooth, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and infrared communication (Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA), Wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-Fi), Wireless broadband (Wibro), World Interoperability for Microwave (Wimax) Access), HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), LTE (Long Term Evolution), Wi-Fi Direct (Direct) can be formed by a communication standard for a wireless connection.

Hereinafter, in the case of merely referring to a digital device in the present specification, it may mean a fixed device or a mobile device or include both depending on context.

Meanwhile, the digital device is an intelligent device that supports, for example, a broadcast reception function, a computer function or support, and at least one external input, e-mail, web browsing through a wired/wireless network described above ( It can support web browsing, banking, games, and applications. In addition, the digital device may include an interface for supporting at least one input or control means (hereinafter referred to as an input means) such as a handwritten input device, a touch screen, and a space remote control. The digital device can use a standardized general-purpose operating system (OS). For example, a digital device can add, delete, modify, and update various applications on a general-purpose OS kernel. You can configure and provide a user-friendly environment.

On the other hand, the external input described in this specification includes an external input device, that is, all input means or digital devices connected to the above-mentioned digital device by wire/wireless and capable of transmitting/receiving related data through it. Here, the external input is, for example, a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a game device such as a play station or an X-box, a smart phone, a tablet PC, a printer, a digital digital device such as a smart TV. Includes all devices.

In addition, the term "server (server)" described in this specification means a client, that is, includes all digital devices or systems that supply data to the digital devices described above, and is called a processor. Also. Examples of such a server include a web page or a portal server providing web content, an advertising server providing advertising data, a content server providing content, and an SNS Social Network Service) may include an SNS server providing a service, a service server provided by a manufacturer, or a manufacturing server.

In addition, the "channel (channel)" described herein means a path (path), means (means), etc. for transmitting and receiving data, for example, a broadcasting channel (broadcasting channel). Here, the broadcast channel is expressed in terms of a physical channel, a virtual channel, and a logical channel according to the activation of digital broadcasting. A broadcast channel can be called a broadcast network. As described above, the broadcast channel refers to a channel for providing or accessing broadcast content provided by a broadcasting station, and the broadcast content is mainly based on real-time broadcasting and is also called a live channel. . However, recently, the medium for broadcasting has become more diversified, and non-real time broadcasting is also activated in addition to real-time broadcasting, so the live channel is not only real-time broadcasting, but in some cases, non-real-time broadcasting. It may also be understood as a term meaning the entire channel.

In this specification, "arbitrary channel" is further defined in relation to a channel other than the above-described broadcast channel. The arbitrary channel may be provided together with a service guide such as an electronic program guide (EPG) along with a broadcast channel, or a service guide, a GUI (Graphic User Interface) or an OSD screen (On-Screen Display) with only any channel. screen).

On the other hand, unlike a broadcast channel having a predetermined channel number between transceivers, a random channel is a channel randomly allocated by a receiver, and a channel number that is not basically overlapped with a channel number for expressing the broadcast channel is allocated. For example, when a specific broadcast channel is tuned, the receiver receives a broadcast signal that transmits broadcast content and signaling information therefor through the tuned channel. Here, the receiver parses channel information from the signaling information, and configures a channel browser, an EPG, and the like based on the parsed channel information and provides it to the user. When the user makes a channel change request through the input means, the receiver responds accordingly.

As described above, since the broadcast channel is a content previously promised between the transmitting and receiving terminals, when a random channel is repeatedly allocated with the broadcast channel, it may cause confusion or a confusion of the user. . On the other hand, even if the random channel number is not duplicated with the broadcast channel number as described above, there is still a confusion in the channel surfing process of the user, and it is required to allocate the random channel number in consideration of this. This is because any channel according to the present specification can also be implemented to be accessed as a broadcast channel in the same manner in response to a user's request to switch a channel through an input means in the same way as a conventional broadcast channel. Accordingly, the random channel number is a type in which characters are written in parallel, such as random channel-1, random channel-2, and the like, for a convenience of discrimination or identification between a user's random channel access and a broadcast channel number. It can be defined and marked as. On the other hand, in this case, although the display of an arbitrary channel number may be realized in the form of a character in parallel as in random channel-1, or in the form of a number in the receiver, as in the number of the broadcast channel. In addition, an arbitrary channel number may be provided in a numeric form, such as a broadcast channel, and a channel number may be defined and displayed in various ways distinguishable from a broadcast channel, such as video channel-1, title-1, and video-1. have.

The digital device executes a web browser for a web service, and provides various types of web pages to the user. Here, the web page includes a web page including a video content, and in this specification, the video is processed separately or independently from the web page. In addition, the separated video can be implemented by allocating an arbitrary channel number as described above, providing it through a service guide, etc., and outputting it according to a channel switching request in a process of viewing a service guide or a broadcast channel. In addition, for services such as broadcast content, games, and applications, in addition to web services, predetermined content, images, audio, items, etc. are separately processed from the broadcast content, games, and applications themselves, and for playback, processing, etc. Any channel number can be assigned and implemented as described above.

Service systems including digital devices include a content provider (CP) 2810, a service provider (SP) 2820, a network provider (NP) 2830, and a home network end user (HNED). ) (Customer) 2840. Here, the HNED 2840 is, for example, a client 2800, that is, a digital device. The content provider 2810 produces and provides various content. As shown in FIG. 34 as such a content provider 2810, terrestrial broadcaster, cable SO (System Operator) or MSO (Multiple SO), satellite broadcaster (satellite broadcaster) , Various Internet broadcasters, and private content providers (Private CPs). Meanwhile, the content provider 2810 provides various applications in addition to broadcast content.

The service provider 2820 provides the content provided by the content provider 2810 as a service package to the HNED 2840. For example, the service provider 2820 of FIG. 34 packages the first terrestrial broadcast, the second terrestrial broadcast, the cable MSO, the satellite broadcast, various Internet broadcasts, applications, etc., and provides them to the HNED 2840.

The service provider 2820 provides services to the client 300 in a uni-cast or multi-cast manner. Meanwhile, the service provider 2820 may transmit data to a plurality of pre-registered clients 2800 at a time, and for this, an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) protocol may be used.

The above-described content provider 2810 and service provider 2820 may be identical or single entities. For example, the content provided by the content provider 2810 may be service packaged and provided to the HNED 2840 to perform the function of the service provider 2820 together or vice versa.

The network provider 2830 provides a network for data exchange between the content provider 2810 or/and the service provider 2820 and the client 2800.

The client 2800 can establish a home network to transmit and receive data.

Meanwhile, the content provider 2810 or/and the service provider 2820 in the service system may use conditional access or content protection means to protect transmitted content. In this case, the client 300 may use processing means such as a cable card (POD: Point of Deployment), DCAS (Downloadable CAS), etc. in response to the restriction reception or content protection.

In addition, the client 2800 may also use a bidirectional service through a network (or communication network). In this case, rather, the client 2800 may perform the function of a content provider, and the existing service provider 2820 may receive it and transmit it back to another client.

29 is a block diagram illustrating a digital device according to an embodiment. 29, for example, may correspond to the client 2800 of FIG. 28, and refers to the digital device described above.

The digital device 2900 includes a network interface 2901, a TCP/IP manager 2902, a service delivery manager 2903, an SI decoder 2904, Demultiplexer (demux) 2905, audio decoder 2906, video decoder 2907, display A/V and OSD module 2908, service control manager control manager (2909), service discovery manager (service discovery manager) 2910, SI & metadata database (SI&Metadata DB) 2911, metadata manager 2912, service manager 2913, UI And a manager 2914 and the like.

The network interface unit 2901 receives or transmits Internet protocol (IP) packets through a network. That is, the network interface unit 2901 receives services, content, and the like from the service provider 3420 through a network network.

The TCP/IP manager 2902 is configured to transmit packets between IP packets received by the digital device 2900 and IP packets transmitted by the digital device 2900, that is, between a source and a destination. Get involved. And the TCP/IP manager 2902 classifies the received packet(s) to correspond to an appropriate protocol, and the service delivery manager 2905, the service discovery manager 2910, the service control manager 2909, and the metadata manager 2912 ), and the like. The service delivery manager 2901 is responsible for controlling received service data. For example, the service delivery manager 2901 may use RTP/RTCP when controlling real-time streaming data. When the real-time streaming data is transmitted using RTP, the service delivery manager 2930 parses the received data packet according to RTP and transmits it to the demultiplexer 2905 or control of the service manager 2913 According to the SI & metadata database 2911. In addition, the service delivery manager 2930 uses the RTCP to feed back the network reception information to a server providing a service. The demultiplexing unit 2905 demultiplexes the received packets into audio, video, and system information (SI) data, and transmits them to the audio/video decoder 2906/2907 and the SI decoder 2904, respectively.

The SI decoder 2904 decodes service information such as program specific information (PSI), program and system information protocol (PSIP), and digital video broadcasting-service information (DVB-SI).

Further, the SI decoder 2904 stores the decoded service informations in, for example, the SI & metadata database 2911. The service information stored in this way may be read and used by a corresponding configuration, for example, by a user's request.

The audio/video decoder 2906/2907 decodes each audio data and video data demultiplexed by the demultiplexing unit 405. The audio data and video data thus decoded are provided to the user through the display unit 2908.

The application manager may include, for example, a UI manager 2914 and a service manager 2913. The application manager may manage the overall state of the digital device 2900, provide a user interface, and manage other managers.

The UI manager 2914 provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for a user using an on-screen display (OSD) or the like, and receives key input from a user to perform device operation according to the input. For example, when the UI manager 2914 receives a key input for channel selection from a user, the UI manager 2914 transmits the key input signal to the service manager 2913.

The service manager 2913 controls a manager associated with a service, such as a service delivery manager 2930, a service discovery manager 2910, a service control manager 2909, and a metadata manager 2912.

In addition, the service manager 2913 creates a channel map and selects a channel using the channel map according to a key input received from the user interface manager 2914. Then, the service manager 2913 receives the channel service information from the SI decoder 2904 and sets the audio/video PID (packet identifier) of the selected channel to the demultiplexer 2905. The PID set in this way is used in the demultiplexing process described above. Accordingly, the demultiplexer 2905 filters the audio data, video data, and SI data using the PID.

The service discovery manager 2910 provides information necessary to select a service provider that provides a service. When a signal regarding channel selection is received from the service manager 2913, the service discovery manager 2910 finds a service using the information.

The service control manager 2909 is responsible for selecting and controlling services. For example, the service control manager 2909 uses IGMP or RTSP when a user selects a live broadcasting service such as a conventional broadcasting method, and selects a service such as video on demand (VOD). The RTSP is used to select and control services. The RTSP protocol may provide a trick mode for real-time streaming. In addition, the service control manager 2909 may initialize and manage a session through the IMS gateway 2950 using an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) and a session initiation protocol (SIP). The protocols are one embodiment, and other protocols may be used according to implementation examples.

The metadata manager 2912 manages metadata associated with a service and stores the metadata in the SI & metadata database 2911.

The SI & metadata database 2911 stores service information decoded by the SI decoder 2904, metadata managed by the metadata manager 2912, and information necessary to select a service provider provided by the service discovery manager 2910. To save. In addition, the SI & metadata database 2911 may store set-up data and the like for the system.

The SI & metadata database 2911 may be implemented using non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, or the like.

Meanwhile, the IMS gateway 2950 is a gateway that collects functions necessary for accessing an IMS-based IPTV service.

30 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device. In particular, FIG. 30 illustrates a block diagram of a mobile device as another embodiment of a digital device.

Referring to FIG. 30, the mobile device 3000 includes a wireless communication unit 3010, an audio/video (A/V) input unit 3020, a user input unit 3030, a sensing unit 3040, and an output unit 3050. A memory 3060, an interface unit 3070, a control unit 3080, and a power supply unit 3090 may be included. The components shown in FIG. 36 are not essential, so a mobile device with more or fewer components may be implemented.

The wireless communication unit 3010 may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between the mobile device 3000 and the wireless communication system or between the mobile device and the network where the mobile device is located. For example, the wireless communication unit 3010 may include a broadcast reception module 3011, a mobile communication module 3012, a wireless Internet module 3013, a short-range communication module 3014, and a location information module 3015. .

The broadcast receiving module 3011 receives a broadcast signal and/or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management server through a broadcast channel. Here, the broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel. The broadcast management server may mean a server that generates and transmits broadcast signals and/or broadcast-related information or a server that receives previously generated broadcast signals and/or broadcast-related information and transmits them to a terminal. The broadcast signal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, and a data broadcast signal, and may also include a TV broadcast signal or a radio broadcast signal combined with a data broadcast signal.

The broadcast related information may mean information related to a broadcast channel, broadcast program, or broadcast service provider. Broadcast-related information may also be provided through a mobile communication network. In this case, it may be received by the mobile communication module 3012.

Broadcast-related information may exist in various forms, for example, an electronic program guide (EPG) or an electronic service guide (ESG).

Broadcast receiving module 3011, for example, ATSC, DVB-T (digital video broadcasting-terrestrial), DVB-S (satellite), MediaFLO (media forward link only), DVB-H (handheld), ISDB-T ( Digital broadcast signals can be received using digital broadcast systems such as integrated services digital broadcast-terrestrial. Of course, the broadcast receiving module 3011 may be configured to be suitable for other broadcasting systems as well as the digital broadcasting system described above.

The broadcast signal and/or broadcast-related information received through the broadcast receiving module 3011 may be stored in the memory 3060.

The mobile communication module 3012 transmits and receives wireless signals to and from at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server on a mobile communication network. The wireless signal may include various types of data according to transmission and reception of a voice signal, a video call signal, or a text/multimedia message.

The wireless Internet module 3013 includes a module for wireless Internet access, and may be built in or external to the mobile device 3000. As wireless Internet technology, wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-Fi), wireless broadband (Wibro), world interoperability for microwave access (Wimax), and high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) may be used.

The short-range communication module 3014 refers to a module for short-range communication. Bluetooth, radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ultra wideband (UWB), ZigBee, RS-232, RS-485, etc. may be used as short range communication technology. Can.

The location information module 3015 is a module for obtaining location information of the mobile device 3000, and may use a global positioning system (GPS) module as an example.

The A/V input unit 3020 is for audio or/and video signal input, and may include a camera 3021, a microphone 3022, and the like. The camera 3021 processes image frames such as still images or moving pictures obtained by an image sensor in a video call mode or a shooting mode. The processed image frame may be displayed on the display portion 3051.

The image frame processed by the camera 3021 may be stored in the memory 3060 or transmitted to the outside through the wireless communication unit 3010. Two or more cameras 3021 may be provided depending on the use environment.

The microphone 3022 receives an external sound signal by a microphone in a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, and processes it as electrical voice data. The processed voice data may be converted and output in a form that can be transmitted to the mobile communication base station through the mobile communication module 3012 in the call mode. The microphone 3022 may be implemented with various noise reduction algorithms for removing noise generated in the process of receiving an external sound signal.

The user input unit 3030 generates input data for the user to control the operation of the terminal. The user input unit 3030 may be configured of a key pad, a dome switch, a touch pad (static pressure/power outage), a jog wheel, a jog switch, or the like.

The sensing unit 3040 displays the current state of the mobile device 3000, such as the open/closed state of the mobile device 3000, the location of the mobile device 3000, the presence or absence of user contact, the orientation of the mobile device, and acceleration/deceleration of the mobile device. It senses and generates a sensing signal for controlling the operation of the mobile device 3000. For example, when the mobile device 3000 is moved or tilted, the position or tilt of the mobile device may be sensed. In addition, whether power is supplied to the power supply unit 3090 or whether external devices are coupled to the interface unit 3070 may be sensed. Meanwhile, the sensing unit 3040 may include a proximity sensor 3041 including near field communication (NFC).

The output unit 3050 is for generating output related to vision, hearing, or tactile sense, and may include a display unit 3051, an audio output module 3052, an alarm unit 3053, and a haptic module 3054. have.

The display unit 3051 displays (outputs) information processed by the mobile device 3000. For example, when the mobile device is in a call mode, a user interface (UI) or a graphic user interface (GUI) related to the call is displayed. When the mobile device 3000 is in a video call mode or a photographing mode, a photographed and/or received image or UI, GUI is displayed.

The display portion 3051 includes a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and a flexible display ( flexible display), and a 3D display.

Some of these displays may be of a transparent type or a light transmissive type so that the outside can be seen through them. This may be called a transparent display, and a typical example of the transparent display is TOLED (transparent OLED). The rear structure of the display portion 3051 may also be configured as a light transmissive structure. With this structure, the user can see an object located behind the terminal body through an area occupied by the display unit 3051 of the terminal body.

Two or more display units 3051 may be present depending on the implementation form of the mobile device 3000. For example, a plurality of display units may be spaced apart from one surface or integrally disposed on the mobile device 3000, or may be respectively disposed on different surfaces.

When the display unit 3051 and a sensor that senses a touch operation (hereinafter referred to as a'touch sensor') form a mutual layer structure (hereinafter referred to as a'touch screen'), the display unit 3051 inputs other than an output device. It can also be used as a device. The touch sensor may have, for example, a form of a touch film, a touch sheet, or a touch pad.

The touch sensor may be configured to convert a change in pressure applied to a specific portion of the display portion 3051 or capacitance generated in a specific portion of the display portion 3051 into an electrical input signal. The touch sensor may be configured to detect not only the touched position and area, but also pressure at the time of touch.

If there is a touch input to the touch sensor, the corresponding signal(s) is sent to the touch controller. The touch controller processes the signal(s) and then transmits corresponding data to the controller 3080. Accordingly, the control unit 3080 can know which area of the display unit 3051 is touched, and the like.

A proximity sensor 3041 may be disposed in an inner area of the mobile device surrounded by the touch screen or near the touch screen. The proximity sensor refers to a sensor that detects the presence or absence of an object approaching a predetermined detection surface or an object in the vicinity using mechanical force or infrared light without mechanical contact. Proximity sensors have a longer lifespan and higher utilization than contact sensors.

Examples of the proximity sensor include a transmission type photoelectric sensor, a direct reflection type photoelectric sensor, a mirror reflection type photoelectric sensor, a high frequency oscillation type proximity sensor, a capacitive type proximity sensor, a magnetic type proximity sensor, and an infrared proximity sensor. When the touch screen is capacitive, it is configured to detect the proximity of the pointer due to a change in the electric field according to the proximity of the pointer. In this case, the touch screen (touch sensor) may be classified as a proximity sensor.

Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the act of allowing the pointer to be recognized as being positioned on the touch screen without being touched by the pointer on the touch screen is referred to as “proximity touch”, and on the touch screen The act of actually touching the pointer is referred to as "contact touch." The location on the touch screen that is the proximity touch with the pointer means a location where the pointer is perpendicular to the touch screen when the pointer is touched close.

The proximity sensor detects a proximity touch and a proximity touch pattern (eg, proximity touch distance, proximity touch direction, proximity touch speed, proximity touch time, proximity touch position, proximity touch movement state, etc.). Information corresponding to the sensed proximity touch operation and the proximity touch pattern may be output on the touch screen.

The audio output module 3052 may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit 3010 or stored in the memory 3060 in a call signal reception, call mode or recording mode, voice recognition mode, broadcast reception mode, or the like. The sound output module 3052 may also output sound signals related to functions (for example, call signal reception sound, message reception sound, etc.) performed by the mobile device 3000. The sound output module 3052 may include a receiver, a speaker, and a buzzer.

The alarm unit 3053 outputs a signal for notifying the occurrence of the event of the mobile device 3000. Examples of events generated in the mobile device include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, and touch input. The alarm unit 3053 may also output a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event in a form other than a video signal or an audio signal, for example, vibration.

The video signal or the audio signal may also be output through the display unit 3051 or the audio output module 3052, so that the display unit and the

audio output modules

3051 and 3052 may be classified as part of the alarm unit 3053.

The haptic module 3054 generates various tactile effects that the user can feel. A typical example of the tactile effect generated by the haptic module 3054 is vibration. The intensity and pattern of vibration generated by the haptic module 3054 can be controlled. For example, different vibrations may be synthesized and output or sequentially output.

The haptic module 3054, in addition to vibration, is a pin array that vertically moves with respect to the contact surface of the skin, stimulation of the ejection force or inhalation force of the air through the ejection or intake, grazing on the skin surface, contact of the electrode, electrostatic force, etc. Various tactile effects can be generated, such as the effect of the product and the effect of reproducing the feeling of cold and warm using an element capable of absorbing heat or generating heat.

The haptic module 3054 can not only deliver the tactile effect through direct contact, but also implement it so that the user can feel the tactile effect through muscle sensations such as fingers or arms. Two or more haptic modules 3054 may be provided according to a configuration aspect of the mobile device 3000.

The memory 3060 may store a program for the operation of the control unit 3080, and may temporarily store input/output data (eg, a phone book, message, still image, video, etc.). The memory 3060 may store data related to various patterns of vibration and sound output when a touch is input on the touch screen.

The memory 3060 is a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (for example, SD or XD memory, etc.), Random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, It may include at least one type of storage medium among magnetic disks and optical disks. The mobile device 3000 may operate in relation to a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory 3060 on the Internet.

The interface unit 3070 serves as a passage with all external devices connected to the mobile device 3000. The interface unit 3070 receives data from an external device, receives power, transfers it to each component inside the mobile device 3000, or allows data inside the mobile device 3000 to be transmitted to the external device. For example, wired/wireless headset port, external charger port, wired/wireless data port, memory card port, port for connecting devices equipped with an identification module, audio input/output (I/O) port, A video I/O port, an earphone port, and the like may be included in the interface unit 3070.

The identification module is a chip that stores various information for authenticating the usage rights of the mobile device 3000, a user identification module (UIM), a subscriber identification module (SIM), and a universal user authentication module ( universal subscriber identity module, USIM). The device provided with the identification module (hereinafter referred to as an'identification device') may be manufactured in a smart card format. Therefore, the identification device may be connected to the terminal 3000 through the port.

When the mobile terminal 3000 is connected to an external cradle, the interface unit 3070 becomes a passage through which power from the cradle is supplied to the mobile terminal 3000, or various command signals input from the cradle by the user. It can be a passage to the mobile terminal. Various command signals or power input from the cradle may be operated as signals for recognizing that the mobile terminal is correctly mounted on the cradle.

The control unit 3080 typically controls the overall operation of the mobile device. For example, it performs related control and processing for voice calls, data communication, video calls, and the like. The control unit 3080 may include a multimedia module 3081 for multimedia playback. The multimedia module 3081 may be implemented in the control unit 3080, or may be implemented separately from the control unit 3080. The control unit 3080, particularly the multimedia module 3081, may include the above-described encoding device 100 and/or decoding device 200.

The controller 3080 may perform a pattern recognition process capable of recognizing handwriting input or picture drawing input performed on a touch screen as characters and images, respectively.

The power supply unit 3090 receives external power and internal power under the control of the control unit 3080 and supplies power required for the operation of each component.

Various embodiments described herein can be implemented in a computer- or similar device-readable recording medium using, for example, software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

According to a hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein include application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), It may be implemented using at least one of a processor, a controller, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions.In some cases, the embodiments described herein may include a control unit ( 3080) can be implemented by itself.

According to the software implementation, embodiments such as procedures and functions described herein may be implemented as separate software modules. Each of the software modules can perform one or more functions and operations described herein. Software code can be implemented in a software application written in an appropriate programming language. Here, the software code is stored in the memory 3060 and can be executed by the control unit 3080.

Other examples of the digital device 3100 include a broadcast receiving unit 3105, an external device interface unit 3135, a storage unit 3140, a user input interface unit 3150, a control unit 3170, a display unit 3180, and audio. It may include an output unit 3185, a power supply unit 3190 and a photographing unit (not shown). Here, the broadcast reception unit 3105 may include at least one tuner 3110, a demodulation unit 3120, and a network interface unit 3130. However, in some cases, the broadcast receiving unit 3105 includes a tuner 3110 and a demodulator 3120, but may not include the network interface unit 3130, and vice versa. Also, although the broadcast receiving unit 3105 is not illustrated, a multiplexer is provided to multiplex the signal demodulated by the demodulator 3120 via the tuner 3110 and the signal received through the network interface unit 3130. It might be. In addition, although the broadcast receiving unit 3105 is not shown, a demultiplexer may be provided to demultiplex the multiplexed signal or demultiplex the demodulated signal or the signal that has passed through the network interface unit 3130. have.

The tuner 3110 receives an RF broadcast signal by tuning a channel selected by a user or all pre-stored channels among radio frequency (RF) broadcast signals received through an antenna. In addition, the tuner 3110 converts the received RF broadcast signal into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal.

For example, if the received RF broadcast signal is a digital broadcast signal, it is converted into a digital IF signal (DIF), and if it is an analog broadcast signal, it is converted into an analog baseband video or audio signal (CVBS/SIF). That is, the tuner 3110 can process both digital broadcast signals or analog broadcast signals. The analog baseband video or audio signal (CVBS/SIF) output from the tuner 3110 may be directly input to the controller 3170.

In addition, the tuner 3110 may receive a single carrier RF broadcast signal according to an advanced television system committee (ATSC) scheme or a multiple carrier RF broadcast signal according to a digital video broadcasting (DVB) scheme.

Meanwhile, the tuner 3110 may sequentially tune and receive RF broadcast signals of all broadcast channels stored through a channel storage function among RF broadcast signals received through an antenna and convert them into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal. .

The demodulator 3120 receives and demodulates the digital IF signal DIF converted by the tuner 3110. For example, when the digital IF signal output from the tuner 3110 is an ATSC method, the demodulator 3120 performs 8-vestigal side band (8-VSB) demodulation, for example. Also, the demodulator 3120 may perform channel decoding. To this end, the demodulator 3120 includes a trellis decoder, a de-interleaver, a Reed-Solomon decoder, and the like, trellis decoding, deinterleaving, and Reed Soloman decoding can be performed.

For example, when the digital IF signal output from the tuner 3110 is a DVB method, the demodulator 3120 performs, for example, coded orthogonal frequency division modulation (COFDMA) demodulation. In addition, the demodulator 3120 may perform channel decoding. To this end, the demodulator 3120 may include a convolution decoder, a deinterleaver, and a read-soloman decoder, and perform convolutional decoding, deinterleaving, and read soloman decoding.

The demodulator 3120 may output a stream signal TS after demodulation and channel decoding. In this case, the stream signal may be a signal in which a video signal, an audio signal or a data signal is multiplexed. For example, the stream signal may be an MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) in which an MPEG-2 standard video signal and a Dolby AC-3 standard audio signal are multiplexed. Specifically, the MPEG-2 TS may include a header of 4 bytes and a payload of 184 bytes.

On the other hand, the above-described demodulation unit 3120 may be provided separately according to the ATSC method and the DVB method. That is, the digital device may separately include an ATSC demodulator and a DVB demodulator.

The stream signal output from the demodulator 3120 may be input to the controller 3170. The control unit 3170 may control demultiplexing, video/audio signal processing, and the like, and control an image output through the display unit 3180 and an audio output unit through the audio output unit 3185.

The external device interface unit 3135 provides an environment in which various external devices are interfaced to the digital device 3100. To this end, the external device interface unit 3135 may include an A/V input/output unit (not shown) or a wireless communication unit (not shown).

The external device interface unit 3135 includes digital versatile disk (DVD), blu-ray, game devices, cameras, camcorders, computers (laptops, tablets), smartphones, Bluetooth devices, and cloud It can be connected to external devices such as (cloud) and wired/wirelessly. The external device interface unit 3135 transmits a video, audio, or data (including image) signal input from the outside through the connected external device to the controller 3170 of the digital device. The control unit 3170 may control the processed image, audio, or data signal to be output to a connected external device. To this end, the external device interface unit 3135 may further include an A/V input/output unit (not shown) or a wireless communication unit (not shown).

A/V input/output unit, USB terminal, CVBS (composite video banking sync) terminal, component terminal, S-video terminal (analog), DVI ( digital visual interface (HDMI) terminal, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) terminal, an RGB terminal, and a D-SUB terminal.

The wireless communication unit may perform short-range wireless communication with other electronic devices. The digital device 3100 includes, for example, Bluetooth, radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ultra wideband (UWB), ZigBee, digital living network alliance (DLNA). Networks may be connected to other electronic devices according to a communication protocol.

In addition, the external device interface unit 3135 may be connected to at least one of various set-top boxes and various terminals described above, and perform input/output operations with the set-top box.

On the other hand, the external device interface unit 3135 may receive an application or a list of applications in an adjacent external device and transmit it to the control unit 3170 or the storage unit 3140.

The network interface unit 3130 provides an interface for connecting the digital device 3100 with a wired/wireless network including an Internet network. The network interface unit 3130 may include, for example, an Ethernet terminal or the like for connection with a wired network, and, for example, a wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-) for connection with a wireless network. Fi), wireless broadband (Wibro), world interoperability for microwave access (Wimax), and high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) communication standards.

The network interface unit 3130 may transmit or receive data with other users or other digital devices through a connected network or another network linked to the connected network. In particular, some content data stored in the digital device 3100 may be transmitted to another user registered in advance in the digital device 3100 or to a selected user or selected digital device among other digital devices.

On the other hand, the network interface unit 3130 may access a predetermined web page through a connected network or another network linked to the connected network. That is, it is possible to connect to a predetermined web page through a network and transmit or receive data with the corresponding server. In addition, content or data provided by a content provider or a network operator may be received. That is, it is possible to receive content such as a movie, advertisement, game, VOD, broadcast signal and related information provided by a content provider or a network provider through a network. Further, it is possible to receive update information and update files of firmware provided by a network operator. It can also send data to the Internet or content providers or network operators.

Also, the network interface unit 3130 may select and receive a desired application from among applications that are open to the public through a network.

The storage unit 3140 may store programs for processing and controlling each signal in the control unit 3170, or may store signal-processed video, audio, or data signals.

Also, the storage unit 3140 may perform a function for temporarily storing an image, audio, or data signal input from the external device interface unit 3135 or the network interface unit 3130. The storage unit 3140 may store information regarding a predetermined broadcast channel through a channel memory function.

The storage unit 3140 may store an application or a list of applications input from the external device interface unit 3135 or the network interface unit 3130.

Also, the storage unit 3140 may store various platforms, which will be described later.

The storage unit 3140 includes, for example, a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, and a card type memory (for example, SD or XD) Memory, etc.), RAM (RAM), and ROM (EEPROM, etc.). The digital device 3100 may play and provide content files (video files, still image files, music files, document files, application files, etc.) stored in the storage unit 3140 to the user.

31 illustrates an embodiment in which the storage unit 3140 is provided separately from the control unit 3170, but the scope of the present specification is not limited thereto. That is, the storage unit 3140 may be included in the control unit 3170.

The user input interface unit 3150 transmits a signal input by the user to the control unit 3170 or a signal from the control unit 3170 to the user.

For example, the user input interface unit 3150 controls power on/off, channel selection, and screen setting from the remote control device 3200 according to various communication methods such as RF communication method and infrared (IR) communication method. The signal may be received and processed, or may be processed to transmit the control signal of the control unit 3170 to the remote control device 3200.

Also, the user input interface unit 3150 may transmit a control signal input from a local key (not shown) such as a power key, a channel key, a volume key, and a set value to the controller 3170.

The user input interface unit 3150 transmits a control signal input from a sensing unit (not shown) that senses a user's gesture to the control unit 3170, or senses a signal from the control unit 3170. (Not shown). Here, the sensing unit (not shown) may include a touch sensor, a voice sensor, a position sensor, and a motion sensor.

The control unit 3170 de-multiplexes the stream input through the tuner 3110, the demodulator 3120, or the external device interface unit 3135 or processes the demultiplexed signals to generate a signal for video or audio output. And output. The control unit 3170 may include the aforementioned encoding device and/or decoding device.

The image signal processed by the control unit 3170 may be input to the display unit 3180 and displayed as an image corresponding to the corresponding image signal. In addition, the image signal processed by the control unit 3170 may be input to an external output device through the external device interface unit 3135.

The audio signal processed by the control unit 3170 may be audio output to the audio output unit 3185. Also, the audio signal processed by the control unit 3170 may be input to the external output device through the external device interface unit 3135.

Although not shown in FIG. 31, the control unit 3170 may include a demultiplexing unit, an image processing unit, and the like.

The control unit 3170 may control the overall operation of the digital device 3100. For example, the control unit 3170 may control the tuner 3110 to tune the RF broadcast corresponding to a channel selected by a user or a pre-stored channel.

The control unit 3170 may control the digital device 3100 by a user command input through the user input interface unit 3150 or an internal program. In particular, it is possible to access a network and download a desired application or application list into the digital device 3100.

For example, the control unit 3170 controls the tuner 3110 so that a signal of a selected channel is input according to a predetermined channel selection command received through the user input interface unit 3150. And it processes the video, audio or data signal of the selected channel. The control unit 3170 allows the channel information, etc. selected by the user to be output through the display unit 3180 or the audio output unit 3185 along with the processed image or audio signal.

As another example, the control unit 3170 may be input from an external device input through the external device interface unit 3135, for example, a camera or camcorder, according to an external device image playback command received through the user input interface unit 3150. The video signal or the audio signal can be output through the display unit 3180 or the audio output unit 3185.

Meanwhile, the control unit 3170 may control the display unit 3180 to display an image. For example, a broadcast image input through the tuner 3110, an external input image input through the external device interface unit 3135, an image input through the network interface unit, or an image stored in the storage unit 3140. , It can be controlled to be displayed on the display unit 3180. At this time, the image displayed on the display unit 3180 may be a still image or a video, and may be a 2D video or a 3D video.

Also, the control unit 3170 may control to play the content. The content at this time may be content stored in the digital device 3100, received broadcast content, or external input content input from the outside. The content may be at least one of a broadcast image, an external input image, an audio file, a still image, a connected web screen, and a document file.

Meanwhile, when entering the application view item, the controller 3170 may control to display a list of applications or applications that can be downloaded from the digital device 3100 or from an external network.

The control unit 3170 may control to install and operate an application downloaded from an external network along with various user interfaces. Also, an image related to an application to be executed can be controlled to be displayed on the display unit 3180 by a user's selection.

On the other hand, although not shown in the drawing, it is also possible that a channel browsing processing unit for generating a thumbnail image corresponding to a channel signal or an external input signal is further provided.

The channel browsing processing unit receives a stream signal (TS) output from the demodulator 3120 or a stream signal output from the external device interface unit 3135, extracts an image from the input stream signal, and generates a thumbnail image. Can.

The generated thumbnail image can be input to the control unit 3170 as it is or encoded. In addition, the generated thumbnail image may be encoded in a stream form and input to the controller 3170. The controller 3170 may display a list of thumbnails having a plurality of thumbnail images on the display unit 3180 using the input thumbnail images. Meanwhile, thumbnail images in the thumbnail list may be updated sequentially or simultaneously. Accordingly, the user can easily grasp the contents of a plurality of broadcast channels.

The display unit 3180 converts an image signal, a data signal, an OSD signal processed by the control unit 3170, or an image signal or data signal received from the external device interface unit 3135 into R, G, and B signals, respectively. Generate a drive signal.

The display unit 3180 may be a PDP, LCD, OLED, flexible display, 3D display, or the like.

Meanwhile, the display unit 3180 may be configured as a touch screen and used as an input device in addition to an output device.

The audio output unit 3185 receives a signal processed by the controller 3170, for example, a stereo signal, a 3.1 channel signal, or a 5.1 channel signal, and outputs the audio. The audio output unit 3185 may be implemented as various types of speakers.

Meanwhile, in order to sense a user's gesture, as described above, a sensing unit (not shown) having at least one of a touch sensor, a voice sensor, a position sensor, and a motion sensor may be further provided in the digital device 3100. . The signal detected by the sensing unit (not shown) may be transmitted to the control unit 3170 through the user input interface unit 3150.

Meanwhile, a photographing unit (not shown) for photographing a user may be further provided. Image information photographed by the photographing unit (not shown) may be input to the control unit 3170.

The control unit 3170 may detect a user's gesture by individually or in combination with an image captured by the photographing unit (not shown) or a detected signal from the sensing unit (not shown).

The power supply unit 3190 supplies corresponding power throughout the digital device 3100.

Particularly, power is supplied to a control unit 3170 that can be implemented in the form of a system on chip (SOC), a display unit 3180 for image display, and an audio output unit 3185 for audio output. Can.

To this end, the power supply unit 3190 may include a converter (not shown) that converts AC power into DC power. On the other hand, for example, when the display unit 3180 is implemented as a liquid crystal panel having a plurality of backlight lamps, a PWM-operable inverter (not shown) may be further provided for driving luminance or dimming. have.

The remote control device 3200 transmits a user input to the user input interface unit 3150. To this end, the remote control device 3200, Bluetooth (bluetooth), RF (radio frequency) communication, infrared (IR) communication, UWB (Ultra Wideband), ZigBee (ZigBee) method can be used.

Also, the remote control device 3200 may receive an image, audio, or data signal output from the user input interface unit 3150, display it on the remote control device 3200, or output voice or vibration.

The digital device 3100 described above may be a digital broadcast receiver capable of processing a fixed or mobile ATSC or DVB digital broadcast signal.

In addition, the digital device according to the present specification may omit some components or further include components not illustrated, as necessary. On the other hand, as described above, the digital device does not have a tuner and a demodulator, and may receive and play content through a network interface unit or an external device interface unit.

Examples of the control unit, demultiplexing unit 3210, image processing unit 3220, on-screen display (OSD) generation unit 3240, mixer (mixer) 3250, frame rate converter (frame rate converter, FRC) ) 3255, and a formatter 3260. In addition, although not illustrated, the control unit may further include a voice processing unit and a data processing unit.

The demultiplexing unit 3210 demultiplexes the input stream. For example, the demultiplexer 3210 may demultiplex the input MPEG-2 TS video, audio, and data signals. Here, the stream signal input to the demultiplexer 3210 may be a stream signal output from a tuner or demodulator or an external device interface.

The image processing unit 3220 performs image processing of the demultiplexed image signal. To this end, the image processing unit 3220 may include an image decoder 3225 and a scaler 3235.

The video decoder 3225 decodes the demultiplexed video signal, and the scaler 3235 scales the resolution of the decoded video signal to be output from the display unit.

The video decoder 3225 may support various standards. For example, the video decoder 3225 performs the function of the MPEG-2 decoder when the video signal is encoded in the MPEG-2 standard, and the video signal is encoded in the digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) method or the H.264 standard. In this case, the function of the H.264 decoder can be performed.

Meanwhile, the video signal decoded by the video processing unit 3220 is input to the mixer 3250.

The OSD generation unit 3240 generates OSD data according to a user input or by itself. For example, the OSD generating unit 3240 generates data for displaying various data on the screen of the display unit in the form of a graphic or text based on the control signal of the user input interface unit. The generated OSD data includes various data such as a user interface screen of a digital device, various menu screens, widgets, icons, and viewing rate information.

The OSD generator 3240 may generate data for displaying subtitles of broadcast images or broadcast information based on EPG.

The mixer 3250 mixes the OSD data generated by the OSD generator 3240 and the image signal processed by the image processor to provide the formatter 3260. Because the decoded video signal and the OSD data are mixed, the OSD is displayed overlaid on a broadcast video or an external input video.

A frame rate converter (FRC) 3255 converts a frame rate of an input video. For example, the frame rate converting unit 3255 may convert the input 60 Hz image frame rate to have a frame rate of, for example, 120 Hz or 240 Hz according to the output frequency of the display unit. As described above, various methods may exist in the method for converting the frame rate. For example, when converting the frame rate from 60 Hz to 120 Hz, the frame rate converter 3255 inserts the same first frame between the first frame and the second frame, or predicts the first frame from the first frame and the second frame. It can be converted by inserting 3 frames. As another example, when the frame rate converter 3255 converts the frame rate from 60 Hz to 240 Hz, three or more identical frames or predicted frames may be inserted and converted between existing frames. Meanwhile, when a separate frame conversion is not performed, the frame rate conversion unit 3255 may be bypassed.

The formatter 3260 changes the output of the input frame rate conversion unit 3255 to match the output format of the display unit. For example, the formatter 3260 may output R, G, and B data signals, and the R, G, and B data signals may be output as low voltage differential signaling (LVDS) or mini-LVDS Can be. In addition, when the output of the input frame rate conversion unit 3255 is a 3D video signal, the formatter 3260 may support 3D service through the display unit by configuring and outputting a 3D format according to the output format of the display unit.

Meanwhile, the voice processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may perform voice processing of the demultiplexed voice signal. The voice processing unit (not shown) may support various audio formats. For example, even when an audio signal is encoded in formats such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, AAC, HE-AAC, AC-3, BSAC, a decoder corresponding thereto may be provided and processed.

In addition, the voice processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may process a base, treble, volume control, and the like.

The data processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may perform data processing of the demultiplexed data signal. For example, the data processing unit can decode the demultiplexed data signal even when it is encoded. Here, the encoded data signal may be EPG information including broadcast information such as a start time and an end time of a broadcast program broadcast on each channel.

Meanwhile, the above-described digital device is an example according to the present specification, and each component may be integrated, added, or omitted according to specifications of a digital device that is actually implemented. That is, if necessary, two or more components may be combined into one component, or one component may be subdivided into two or more components. In addition, the function performed in each block is for describing an embodiment of the present specification, and the specific operation or device does not limit the scope of rights of the present specification.

Meanwhile, the digital device may be an image signal processing device that performs signal processing of an image stored in the device or an input image. As another example of the image signal processing apparatus, the display unit 3180 and the audio output unit 3185 shown in FIG. 37 are excluded from the set-top box (STB), the above-described DVD player, Blu-ray player, game device, computer And the like can be further exemplified.

The digital device according to an embodiment may simultaneously display the main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 on the screen 3300. The main image 3310 may be referred to as a first image, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be referred to as a second image. The main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 may include a video, a still image, an electronic program guide (EPG), a graphical user interface (GUI), an on-screen display (OSD), and the like. The main image 3310 may mean an image that is relatively smaller in size than the screen 3300 of the electronic device while being displayed simultaneously with the auxiliary image 3320 on the screen 3300 of the electronic device, as a picture in picture (PIP). Also referred to as. In FIG. 33, the main image 3310 is shown as being displayed on the upper left of the screen 3300 of the digital device, but the location where the main image 3310 is displayed is not limited thereto, and the main image 3310 is a digital device. Can be displayed at any location within the screen 3300.

The main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 may be directly or indirectly related to each other. As an example, the main video 3310 is a streaming video, and the auxiliary video 3320 may be a GUI that sequentially displays thumbnails of videos including information similar to the streaming video. As another example, the main image 3310 may be a broadcasted image, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be an EPG. As another example, the main image 3310 may be a broadcast image, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be a GUI. Examples of the main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the main image 3310 is a broadcast image received through a broadcasting channel, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be information related to a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel. The information related to the broadcast video received through the broadcast channel may include, for example, EPG information including a comprehensive channel schedule, broadcast program detailed information, and broadcast program review information, but is not limited thereto.

In another embodiment, the main image 3310 is a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be an image generated based on information pre-stored in a digital device. The image generated based on the information pre-stored in the digital device may include, for example, a basic user interface (UI) of the EPG, basic channel information, a video resolution manipulation UI, and a bedtime reservation UI. Does not work.

In another embodiment, the main image 3310 is a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel, and the auxiliary image 3320 may be information related to a broadcast image received through a network. The information related to the broadcast image received through the network may be, for example, information obtained through a network-based search engine. More specifically, for example, information related to a character currently being displayed on the main image 3310 may be obtained through a network-based search engine.

However, the example is not limited to this, and information related to a broadcast image received through a network may be obtained by using, for example, an artificial intelligence (AI) system. More specifically, for example, an estimated-location in map of a place currently being displayed on the main image 3310 can be obtained using a network-based deep-learning, and digital The device may receive information about the estimated location on the map of the place currently being displayed on the main image 3310 through the network.

The digital device according to an embodiment may receive at least one of image information of the main image 3310 and image information of the auxiliary image 3320 from the outside. The video information of the main video 3310 includes, for example, a broadcast signal received through a broadcasting channel, a source code information of the main video 3310, and a main received through a network network. IP packet (internet protocol packet) information of the image 3310 may be included, but is not limited thereto. Similarly, the video information of the secondary video 3320 includes, for example, a broadcast signal received through a broadcast channel, source code information of the secondary video 3320, IP packet information of the secondary video 3320 received through a network, etc. It may include, but is not limited to. The digital device may decode and use video information of the main video 3310 or video information of the secondary video 3320 received from the outside. However, in some cases, the digital device may store image information of the main image 3310 or image information of the auxiliary image 3320 itself.

The digital device may display the main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 on the screen 3300 of the digital device based on the image information of the main image 3310 and information related to the auxiliary image 3320.

In one example, the decoding apparatus 200 of a digital device includes a main image decoding apparatus and an auxiliary image decoding apparatus, and the main image decoding apparatus and the auxiliary image decoding apparatus respectively include image information and auxiliary images 3320 of the main image 3310. ) Can decode video information. The renderer includes a main image renderer (first renderer) and an auxiliary image renderer (second renderer), and the main image renderer displays the main image 3310 on the screen 3300 of the digital device based on the information decoded by the main image decoding device. ), and the auxiliary image renderer may display the auxiliary image 3320 on the second area of the screen 3300 of the digital device based on the information decoded by the auxiliary image decoding device. .

In another example, the decoding apparatus 200 of the digital device may decode image information of the main image 3310 and image information of the auxiliary image 3320. Based on the information decoded by the decoding apparatus 200, the renderer may process the main image 3310 and the auxiliary image 3320 together to be simultaneously displayed on the screen 3300 of the digital device.

That is, according to this document, it is possible to provide a video service processing method in a digital device. According to the image service processing method, receiving image information, decoding a (main) image based on the image information, rendering or displaying the decoded image in a first area on the display, and displaying a second image And rendering or displaying the auxiliary image in the region. In this case, the decoding of the first image may follow the decoding procedure in the decoding apparatus 200 according to FIG. 3 described above. For example, as described above, decoding the first image may include deriving prediction samples for the current block based on inter or intra prediction, and residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information. And generating reconstructed samples based on predictive samples and/or residual samples. Additionally, decoding the first image may include performing an in-loop filtering procedure on a reconstructed picture including reconstructed samples.

For example, the auxiliary image may be an electronic program guide (EPG), an on screen display (OSD), or a graphical user interface (GUI). For example, the video information may be received through a broadcast network, and information regarding the auxiliary video may be received through the broadcast network. For example, the image information may be received through a communication network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be received through the communication network. For example, the image information may be received through a broadcast network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be received through a communication network. For example, the image information may be received through a broadcasting network or a communication network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be stored in a storage medium in the digital device.

The embodiments described above are those in which the components and features of the present specification are combined in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form that is not combined with other components or features. In addition, it is also possible to constitute an embodiment of the present specification by combining some components and/or features. The order of the operations described in the embodiments herein can be changed. Some configurations or features of one embodiment may be included in other embodiments, or may be replaced with corresponding configurations or features of other embodiments. It is obvious that the claims may not be explicitly included in the claims, and the embodiments may be combined or included as new claims by amendment after filing.

In the case of implementation by firmware or software, an embodiment of the present specification may be implemented in the form of a module, procedure, function, etc. that performs the functions or operations described above. The software code can be stored in memory and driven by a processor. The memory is located inside or outside the processor, and can exchange data with the processor by various known means.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present specification may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from essential features of the present specification. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in all respects, but should be considered illustrative. The scope of the present specification should be determined by rational interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the present specification are included in the scope of the present specification.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention described above are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, and those skilled in the art can improve and change various other embodiments within the technical spirit and the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the appended claims. , Replacement or addition may be possible.

Claims

A method for decoding a video signal using inter prediction,

Obtaining at least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on a merge index;

Determining an MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector based on a merge index of motion vector difference (MMVD) distance; And

Generating a prediction sample of the current block based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and a reference picture associated with the merge index,

Determining the MMVD offset,

Determining a first offset value associated with the length index;

Determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block; And

And determining the second offset value as an MMVD offset.
According to claim 1,

Generating a prediction sample of the current block,

Obtaining an MMVD direction index indicating the sign of the MMVD offset;

Applying a sign corresponding to the MMVD direction index to the MMVD offset; And

And adding the MMVD offset to which the sign is applied to the motion vector.
According to claim 1,

The scale value is,

The method is characterized in that it is determined based on at least one of the size of the at least one motion vector and the resolution of the at least one motion vector.
According to claim 1,

The method of claim 1, wherein the first offset value is indicated by the MMVD length index among pre-defined offset candidate values.
According to claim 1,

The at least one motion vector is composed of a horizontal component and a vertical component,

The MMVD offset is characterized in that applied to at least one of the horizontal component or the vertical component.
According to claim 1,

The at least one motion vector includes a first motion vector associated with the first reference picture list and a second motion vector associated with the second reference picture list,

The second offset value is determined based on at least one of the first motion vector or the second motion vector.
A method for encoding a video signal using inter prediction,

Determining at least one motion vector and at least one reference picture for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block;

Determining a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) offset applied to the at least one motion vector;

Performing prediction on the current block based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and the at least one reference picture; And

Coding the information related to the prediction,

The information related to the prediction includes a merge index associated with the at least one motion vector and the at least one reference picture, and an MMVD distance index indicating the MMVD offset value,

The step of performing the prediction,

Determining a first offset value associated with the MMVD length index;

Determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on the at least one motion vector; And

And determining the second offset value as an MMVD offset.
The method of claim 7,

The step of performing the prediction,

Determining a sign of the MMVD offset;

Applying the sign to the MMVD offset; And

And adding the MMVD offset to which the sign is applied to the motion vector,

The information related to the prediction, further comprising an MMVD direction index associated with the sign of the MMVD offset.
The method of claim 7,

The scale value is,

The method is characterized in that it is determined based on at least one of the size of the at least one motion vector and the resolution of the at least one motion vector.
According to claim 1,

And the first offset value is indicated by the MMVD length index among pre-defined offset candidate values.
The method of claim 7,

The at least one motion vector is composed of a horizontal component and a vertical component,

The MMVD offset is characterized in that applied to at least one of the horizontal component or the vertical component.
The method of claim 7,

The at least one motion vector includes a first motion vector associated with the first reference picture list and a second motion vector associated with the second reference picture list,

The second offset value is determined based on at least one of the first motion vector or the second motion vector.
An apparatus for decoding a video signal using inter prediction, comprising:

A memory for storing the video signal; And

And a processor coupled to the memory to process the video signal,

The processor,

At least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block is obtained from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on the merge index,

Determine an MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector based on a merge index (MMVD) distance index,

It is configured to generate a prediction sample of the current block based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and a reference picture associated with the merge index,

The processor, to determine the MMVD offset,

Determine a first offset value associated with the length index,

Determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block,

And set to determine the second offset value as an MMVD offset.
An apparatus for encoding a video signal using inter prediction, comprising:

A memory for storing the video signal; And

And a processor coupled to the memory to process the video signal,

The processor,

Determining at least one motion vector and at least one reference picture for inter-frame prediction of the current block from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block,

Determine a merge with motion vector difference (MMVD) offset applied to the at least one motion vector,

Prediction of the current block is performed based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and the at least one reference picture,

Is set to code information related to the prediction,

The information related to the prediction includes a merge index associated with the at least one motion vector and the at least one reference picture, and an MMVD distance index indicating the MMVD offset value,

The processor, in order to perform the prediction,

Determine a first offset value associated with the MMVD length index,

Determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on the at least one motion vector,

And set to determine the second offset value as an MMVD offset.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions executed by one or more processors are:

At least one motion vector for inter-frame prediction of the current block is obtained from at least one neighboring block adjacent to the current block based on the merge index,

Determine an MMVD offset applied to the at least one motion vector based on a merge index (MMVD) distance index,

Controlling the video signal processing apparatus to generate a prediction sample of the current block based on at least one motion vector to which the MMVD offset is applied and a reference picture associated with the merge index,

The one or more instructions, to determine the MMVD offset,

Determine a first offset value associated with the length index,

Determining a second offset value by scaling the first offset value by a scale value based on at least one of the at least one motion vector or the size of the current block,

And controlling the video signal processing apparatus to determine the second offset value as an MMVD offset.