WO2020138605A1 - Procédé d'attribution de ressources de fonction de réseau virtualisée basée grappe reflétant des caractéristiques d'utilisateur - Google Patents

Procédé d'attribution de ressources de fonction de réseau virtualisée basée grappe reflétant des caractéristiques d'utilisateur Download PDF

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WO2020138605A1
WO2020138605A1 PCT/KR2019/007672 KR2019007672W WO2020138605A1 WO 2020138605 A1 WO2020138605 A1 WO 2020138605A1 KR 2019007672 W KR2019007672 W KR 2019007672W WO 2020138605 A1 WO2020138605 A1 WO 2020138605A1
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clusters
user
network
user group
user terminal
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PCT/KR2019/007672
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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정종문
송수은
이창성
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연세대학교 산학협력단
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H04L47/283—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]

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  • the present invention relates to a resource allocation method, and relates to a resource allocation method of a cluster-based virtual network function reflecting user characteristics in a network edge environment.
  • Network virtualization is to configure a network through commercial high-performance servers, storage devices, and switches, and to virtually add and manage various network functions necessary for service provision, away from the existing network with a large dependency on dedicated hardware.
  • the network service in network virtualization is provided through a service chain that is a set of a series of virtualized network functions (VNFs), and VNFs are properly arranged and used in nodes of the network for virtualization of the network.
  • VNFs virtualized network functions
  • MEC Mobile Edge Computing
  • the existing method does not consider the use demand of the network using the VNF, and there is a problem in that the user does not consider the needs and individual characteristics of each other service.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a resource allocation method of a network clustering-based VNF reflecting user characteristics so as to minimize a service time of a data flow delivered through a service chain in a VNF-based network utilizing resources of a network edge.
  • a resource allocation method of VNF is a network in which a plurality of VNFs (Virtualized Network Functions) are arranged and used in MEC servers serving as a base station, and the characteristics of a known user terminal Analyzing and grouping a plurality of user terminals into at least one user group according to the analyzed characteristics of the user terminal; Determining the number of clusters such that the average service time of the data flow is minimized for each of the at least one user group; Clustering the network with a determined number of clusters for each user group; And placing the VNFs required by the user terminals located in each clustered cluster for each user group in the MEC server included in the corresponding cluster. It includes.
  • VNFs Virtualized Network Functions
  • the determining the number of clusters may determine the number of clusters such that the number of user terminals moving between clustered clusters is minimized and the number of user terminals included in the cluster is as similar as possible.
  • the determining of the number of clusters may include determining the set of clusters for each user group to minimize the average end-to-end delay time of the entire user group according to the number of clusters of each of the at least one user group, thereby determining the number of clusters of each cluster. You can determine the number.
  • the resource allocation method includes allocating resources of the network in proportion to the number of user terminals included in each of the at least one user group; Further comprising, the step of deploying to the MEC server may deploy the VNF according to the resources allocated to the user group including the user terminal.
  • the resource allocation method of VNF according to an embodiment of the present invention is grouped in consideration of the characteristics of user terminals in a VNF-based network at a network edge, and by configuring clusters of multiple layers corresponding to the grouped user terminals, the service chain Through this, the service time of the data flow delivered to the user terminal can be minimized.
  • FIG. 1 shows a concept of VNF migration according to user movement.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which the resource allocation apparatus according to the present embodiment clusters a network.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a concept of user grouping and clustering in each group according to user characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structure of a resource allocation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a concept of VNF migration according to user movement.
  • each base station can operate as a Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) server, and at least one VNF ( By installing the Virtualized Network Function), various virtual services can be provided to the user terminal.
  • the VNF is a virtualized network module such that the node where the corresponding VNF is installed (for example, a base station functioning as a MEC) functions as a specific network equipment.
  • a network is composed of a large number of network equipment, and the network equipment provides various functions. For example, various functions such as a firewall, deep packet inspection (DPI), network address translation (Instusion Detection System), IDS (Wdie Area Acceleration), etc. are provided through network equipment.
  • DPI deep packet inspection
  • IDS Internet Security
  • These network devices are implemented in the form of physical middle boxes, and they are hardware platforms manufactured by specific manufacturers for specific purposes, which are expensive, difficult to maintain and upgrade.
  • SDN network virtualization
  • VNF is a module that virtualizes each network function for network virtualization, which is placed on the nodes that make up the network.
  • a network function is implemented using VNF, not only can a network function be implemented at a relatively low cost, but also a VNF that implements a desired function can be obtained from a server to change, confirm, or reduce the network function.
  • the deployment of VNFs using the MEC server is essential at this time when the types of services are increasing and specialized for individual users.
  • a second base station BS2 operating as a second MEC server MEC2 in a service area of a first base station BS2 where a user terminal UE operates as a first MEC server MEC1
  • VNF1, VNF2, VNF3 When moving to the service area of the at least one VNF (VNF1, VNF2, VNF3) for providing a service from the first MEC server (MEC1) to the second MEC server (MEC2) according to the movement of the user terminal (UE)
  • VNF1, VNF2, VNF3 When moving to the service area of the at least one VNF (VNF1, VNF2, VNF3) for providing a service from the first MEC server (MEC1) to the second MEC server (MEC2) according to the movement of the user terminal (UE)
  • VNF1, VNF2, VNF3 When moving to the service area of the at least one VNF (VNF1, VNF2, VNF3) for providing a service from the first MEC server (MEC1) to the second MEC server (MEC2) according to the movement
  • SDN it is possible to provide a service suitable for each individual user terminal (UE) through service chaining of multiple VNFs, and to maintain a quality of experience (QoE) of the user terminal (UE). ), the VNF is transferred.
  • QoE quality of experience
  • the transfer of the VNF consumes resources of the network, such as additional link resources previously consumed and computing resources for determining the location of the VNF deployment, and thus a criterion for the transfer of the VNF is required.
  • a cluster according to the characteristics of the user terminal is configured, and the transfer of the VNF is performed only when the user terminal crosses the boundary of the cluster, so that it is delivered to the user terminal through the service chain. Minimize the service time of data flow. That is, while the user terminal is located in a cluster configured with at least one base station, VNF migration is not performed while moving beyond the boundary of the cluster, VNF migration is performed to reduce resource waste.
  • the storage resources, computing resources and link resources of the MEC server are consumed.
  • computing resources in the deployment and link resources in the past were considered as the main resources.
  • the remaining resources of the MEC server according to the VNF arrangement may be expressed as Equation 1.
  • C u,i is the CPU resource consumed when the i th VNF of the service chaining of the user terminal (u) is placed in the MEC server (m)
  • x u,i ,m is a binary variable and is 1 when the i-th VNF of the user terminal u is placed in the MEC server m, or 0 otherwise.
  • Equation (2) the residual resource of the link according to the arrangement of the VNF.
  • Equation 2 Is the remaining link resource of the link connecting the MEC servers (m) and the MEC server (m'), Is the total link resource between the MEC server (m) and the MEC server (m'), r u,i is the link resource required to provide the i-th VNF of the user terminal (u), r mig,u,i is the user terminal Refers to the link resource consumed when transferring the i-th VNF in (u).
  • y u,i,m,m' and z u,i,m,m' are binary variables selected by the MEC server (m, m') as a link that provides or transfers the i-th VNF of the user terminal (u), respectively. 1 if it is, or 0 if not selected.
  • the movement speed of the user terminal is used, and accordingly, the user terminals are grouped according to the movement speed of the user terminal, and the number of user terminals included in the user terminal group and the server resource proportional thereto. It provides a clustering method to minimize the service time of allocation and data flow.
  • the clustering method means a method of determining the number of clusters and configuring each cluster.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which the resource allocation apparatus according to the present embodiment clusters a network.
  • FIG. 2 as an example, a network in which seven base stations BS1 to BS7 capable of performing a MEC function are arranged, and the number of user terminals of the nth user group connected to each base station BS1 to BS7 (u n m ) together.
  • the number of user terminals (u n (m,m') ) moving along a link connecting two base stations (m, m') among seven base stations (BS1 to BS7) in the nth user group is displayed on the link.
  • a cluster including seven base stations (BS1 to BS7) including first, second and seventh base stations (BS1, BS2, and BS7) through an edge cut indicated by a dotted line, and third to sixth base stations (BS3 to) BS6) may be clustered.
  • the clustering method may be performed using, for example, an existing graph partitioning algorithm, and the graph partitioning algorithm may also be performed using a region partitioning tool, METIS.
  • the number of user terminals moving between clusters is the number of user terminals moving the link located at the boundary of the cluster ( as the sum of u n (m,m') ), Can be calculated as Therefore, the number of VNF transfers according to the movement of the user terminal is also Can be calculated as
  • the number of VNF transfers is calculated as the sum of the number of user terminals moving between all base stations BS1 to BS7.
  • the number of VNF transfers can be greatly reduced by clustering a plurality of base stations BS1 to BS7 into at least clusters and performing VNF transfer when the user terminal crosses the boundary of the cluster.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a concept of user grouping and clustering in each group according to user characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the network is composed of a plurality of base stations capable of performing the functions of the MEC server, and as an example of the characteristics of a plurality of user terminals in the service area of the network, three user groups (302, 303, 304) according to the movement speed
  • the three user groups 302, 303, and 304 which are classified according to the movement speed of the user terminal, are a pedestrian group 302 configured in response to a speed below a person's walking speed and a vehicle, and are configured in response to a driving speed of a railway. It was grouped into a vehicle group 204 and a bicycle group 303 configured to correspond to a moving speed using a bicycle or the like between walking speed and driving speed.
  • physical resources in the network 301 are allocated in proportion to the number of user terminals included in each of the three user groups 302, 303, and 304. For example, when the ratio of the pedestrian group 302 and the bicycle group 303 and the vehicle group 204 is 5:3:2, resources of the network may also be allocated at a ratio of 5:3:2.
  • resources of the network since the number of clusters for minimizing the service time of the data flow is different according to each user group 302, 303, 304, as shown in FIG. 3, each user group 302, 303, 304 in the network 201 The number of clusters for can be divided differently.
  • a speed of one of the users included in each user group is set as a representative speed and used as a representative characteristic of the user group, but the present invention is not limited to this, and reflects various user terminal characteristics such as billing policy, traffic, etc. To set up a user group.
  • the clustering of the network a plurality of VNFs that may be required differently for each user terminal are all present in the network, and according to the movement of the user terminal, VNFs are transferred from one base station operating as a MEC server to another base station operating as a MEC server. It is made possible.
  • the clustering is performed such that the number of user terminals moving between clusters is minimized and the number of user terminals in each cluster is similar, so that the inter-cluster movement of VNFs is minimized, so that network link resources can be maximized.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structure of a resource allocation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the resource allocation device 410 is implemented as a network function virtualization management and orchestrator (NFV), which is a virtualized integrated management system.
  • NFV MONO supports VNF management and orchestration between the existing network's operations support system/business support system (OSS/BSS) and VNF.
  • OSS/BSS operations support system/business support system
  • NFV MONO like VNF, can be implemented as a software module and installed and operated on general-purpose hardware provided on the network.
  • FIG. 4 shows a radio access network (hereinafter referred to as RAN) 420 in which a resource allocation device allocates resources together with a structure of a resource allocation device, and it is assumed that the RAN is a 5G RAN. do.
  • RAN radio access network
  • a plurality of base stations performing MEC functions are disposed in the RAN 420, and a plurality of user terminals (not shown) may be located.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the resource allocation device is described on the assumption that resources are allocated by considering the movement speed of the user terminal as a characteristic of the user terminal.
  • a resource allocation device implemented with NFV MONO may include an NFV orchestrator 411, a VNF manager 412 and a virtualized infrastructure manager (VIM) 413.
  • the NFV orchestrator 411 is a configuration for controlling and managing NFV infrastructure and software resources, and is authorized by an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 430 of at least one user terminal located in the RAN, respectively. At least one user terminal is grouped into at least one user group by using the service request information requested from the VNF manager 412 from the at least one user terminal, and the number of user terminals in each grouped user group is determined. In addition, the NFV orchestrator 411 clusters each of the at least one user terminal group into at least one cluster such that the number of user terminals moving between clusters is minimized and the number of user terminals in each cluster is similar. Then, the clustering result is transmitted to the VIM 413.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the VIM 413 receives the clustering result and performs clustering on physical and virtual resources in the RAN.
  • the VIM 413 allocates physical and virtual resources to each user group in proportion to the number of user terminals included in each user group. Then, the MEC server suitable for VNF deployment in each cluster is determined, and the VNF deployment server information is transmitted to the VNF manager 412.
  • the VNF manager 412 performs VNF deployment so that VNFs corresponding to service request information requested by the user terminal are installed in at least one MEC server of each cluster according to the VNF deployment server information transmitted from the VIM 413.
  • the NFV orchestrator 411 groups user terminals into N user groups according to the characteristics of the user terminal, and one user terminal cannot be grouped into a plurality of user groups.
  • the scope of the MEC server of the nth user group is ,
  • the boundary transfer rate of the cluster ( ⁇ n ) can be calculated by Equation 3.
  • p n is a probability that the user terminal u belongs to the n-th user group
  • p n U n /U.
  • the number of services (S mig, n ) required for VNF migration tends to increase as the representative speed of the user group (v n ) is faster and the number of clusters (k n ) is larger.
  • the number of clusters per user group (k n ) is The total service delay time (T(k)) summing the service time (T(k n )) for each user group may be determined to be minimized (minimize T(k)) while satisfying the four constraints of Equations 6 to 9. have.
  • the first constraint in Equation 6 means that all user terminals can be included in only one user group.
  • the second constraint of Equation (7) means that the number of clusters (k n ) for the nth user group is one or more, and is less than or equal to the total number of MEC servers (M n ) that can be allocated to the nth user group.
  • the third and fourth constraints of Equations 8 and 9 are constraints derived from Equations 1 and 2, respectively, and the third constraint is the resource of the MEC server m that the user terminal u can use, the MEC server. (m) total resources ( ), and the fourth constraint is the link resource consumed when migrating VNF for user terminal (u), the total link resource between MEC server (m) and server (m'). ).
  • H is the Hurst parameter indicating the degree of self-similarity
  • ⁇ is the standard deviation of the data flow
  • ⁇ is the probability of overflow of the fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model of self-similarity.
  • the total service delay time (T(k)) is the service time of each user group ( ) Can be calculated as in Equation 11.
  • Path u is a path for delivering the number of services (S u ) required by each user terminal, and U n represents an n-th user group.
  • the average number of VNFs required to provide one service is f
  • the average link resource consumed to transfer one VNF is called r mig
  • the total number of services that need to be transferred is N total user groups. It is said.
  • the average path length to complete the migration of VNFs in each user group is the average number of hops according to the number of clusters (k n ) for the user group ( ).
  • Equation 10 can be solved by the projected gradient descent method, and the average end-to-end delay time ( ), i.e., the cluster number set (k) that minimizes the average service time of the data flow can be repeated until Equation 14 converges.
  • w [w 1 , w 2 , ..., w N ] is a set of weights for each component, which can be determined according to a network policy.
  • the NFV orchestrator 411 clusters network resources allocated for each user group by using the number of clusters (k n ) determined for each user group. That is, the number of user terminals moving between clusters is minimized to perform clustering so that network link resources consumed by the transfer of VNFs are minimized.
  • FIG. 5 shows a resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • characteristics of a preset user terminal are analyzed (S10 ).
  • the characteristics of the user terminal may be variously set, but for example, the movement speed of the user terminal may be set as the characteristics of the user terminal.
  • the characteristics of the user terminal to be analyzed can be set or changed by a network policy or a network administrator. In some cases, characteristics of a plurality of different user terminals may be set, and weights may be assigned to the characteristics of each user terminal to be analyzed.
  • the characteristic analysis of the user terminal may be repeatedly performed when a predetermined reference unit of time or a tendency of the user terminal characteristic is changed, and may be performed in response to a command of a network administrator.
  • a plurality of user terminals in the network are grouped into at least one user group based on the analyzed characteristics of the user terminal (S20). Then, the number of user terminals included in each of the grouped at least one user group is determined (S30).
  • network resources are allocated to each user group according to the determined number of user terminals per user group (S40).
  • the network resource may be allocated in a proportion proportional to the number of users included in the user group.
  • the number of clusters for clustering each of the at least one user group is determined (S50).
  • the number of clusters per user group is similar to the number of user terminals in each cluster in the user group, and the number of user terminals moving between clusters is determined to be minimized so that the movement between VNFs is minimized, so that the average service time of data flow is Minimize.
  • the cluster number of specific groups of users in this example is the average of each group of users sum total service delay time (T (k)) Equation (13) the approximation of the service delay time (T (k n)) in the End-to-end delay time ( ) Is minimized, and thus can be obtained according to Equation 14.
  • the network is clustered according to the determined number of clusters (k n ). At this time, the network may be divided into a cluster of a number (k n ) determined based on a graph segmentation algorithm, for example.
  • At least one VNF for providing a service required by the user terminal to each of the at least one cluster for each user group is disposed in one designated MEC server in the cluster. This is because, when passing through multiple MEC servers, additional delays may occur due to conversion of optical/electrical/optical signals.
  • the method according to the present invention may be implemented as a computer program stored in a medium for execution on a computer.
  • the computer readable medium herein can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, and can also include any computer storage medium.
  • Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, and ROM (readable) Dedicated memory), RAM (random access memory), CD (compact disk)-ROM, DVD (digital video disk)-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage, and the like.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'attribution de ressources dans un réseau dans lequel une pluralité de fonctions réseau virtualisées (VNF) sont déployées et utilisées dans des serveurs MEC servant de stations de base. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : analyser des caractéristiques d'un terminal utilisateur pré-désigné, et grouper une pluralité de terminaux utilisateurs dans au moins un groupe d'utilisateurs d'après les caractéristiques analysées du terminal utilisateur ; déterminer le nombre de grappes de sorte à réduire au maximum un temps de service moyen d'un flux de données pour chacun du ou des groupes d'utilisateurs ; mettre le réseau en grappe par rapport au nombre de grappes déterminées pour chacun du ou des groupes d'utilisateurs ; et déployer la VNF requise par le terminal utilisateur situé dans chacune des grappes mises en grappe pour chaque groupe d'utilisateurs dans le serveur MEC inclus dans une grappe correspondante.
PCT/KR2019/007672 2018-12-28 2019-06-25 Procédé d'attribution de ressources de fonction de réseau virtualisée basée grappe reflétant des caractéristiques d'utilisateur WO2020138605A1 (fr)

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CN113904923B (zh) * 2021-09-27 2023-08-22 重庆电子工程职业学院 一种基于软件定义网络的服务功能链联合优化方法

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