WO2020134244A1 - 封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装置 - Google Patents
封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020134244A1 WO2020134244A1 PCT/CN2019/107882 CN2019107882W WO2020134244A1 WO 2020134244 A1 WO2020134244 A1 WO 2020134244A1 CN 2019107882 W CN2019107882 W CN 2019107882W WO 2020134244 A1 WO2020134244 A1 WO 2020134244A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
Definitions
- Packaging film preparation method thereof and light-emitting display device
- the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an encapsulating film, a method for preparing the same, and a light-emitting display device.
- quantum dot light-emitting diodes Compared to organic luminescent dyes and inorganic phosphors, quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) that use semiconductor quantum dot materials as the light-emitting layer make quantum dot light-emitting diodes in optoelectronics with their excellent characteristics of optical and device stability.
- QLEDs quantum dot light-emitting diodes
- Photovoltaic and biomarking fields have a wide range of applications, especially in the application of light-emitting diodes, quantum dot light-emitting diodes will lead the development of new generation products in the display and solid-state lighting industry.
- the traditional optoelectronic device packaging technology is completed in a glove box with a water and oxygen content of less than 1. Transfer the manufactured device into the glove box by the linear manipulator in the glove box.
- the rear cover is coated with UV glue by an automatic glue applicator with adjusted procedures, and the manufactured photoelectric device substrate is aligned with the rear cover plate coated with UV glue.
- a Barriers separated by the environment. The barriers can effectively prevent water and oxygen in the air from entering the photoelectric device and avoid reactions with them.
- This packaging method can successfully couple out the proportion of the QLED outside, but it does not affect the light extraction efficiency of the device.
- One of the purposes of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an encapsulating film, a method for preparing the same, and a light-emitting display device, aiming to solve the unsatisfactory packaging effect of existing optoelectronic devices, thereby affecting the light extraction efficiency and service life of the device technical problem. .
- an encapsulation film including N layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence, wherein the refractive index from the first layer of inorganic films to the Nth layer of inorganic films increases in sequence, Moreover, when the packaging film is used to package a photovoltaic device, the first inorganic film is adjacent to the top electrode of the light-emitting device; where N is an integer equal to or greater than 2.
- the encapsulation film includes 2-10 layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence.
- the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the first inorganic thin film and the top electrode of the photovoltaic device is ⁇ 0.3.
- the range of the refractive index difference between the Nth layer inorganic thin film and the N-1th layer inorganic thin film is 0.05-1.0
- the material of the first layer of the inorganic thin film is selected from magnesium fluoride nanomaterials.
- the materials of the second inorganic layer to the Nth inorganic layer in the encapsulation film are independently selected from titanium oxide nanomaterials, zirconium oxide nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanomaterials and silicon oxide nanometers At least one of the materials.
- the encapsulation film includes three layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; wherein the material of the first inorganic film is magnesium fluoride nanorods, and the material of the second inorganic film is hollow nanoparticles, The material of the third inorganic film is solid nanoparticles.
- the hollow nanoparticles and the solid nanoparticles have the same chemical composition.
- the inorganic thin film of the Nth layer is subjected to a surface hydrophobic modification treatment with a modifier.
- the thickness of each inorganic film in the encapsulation film is independently 50-150 nm
- a method for preparing a packaging film including the following steps:
- the encapsulation film includes N-layer inorganic thin films stacked in sequence, in the N-layer inorganic thin films, the refractive index from the first inorganic thin film to the N-th inorganic thin film sequentially increases, and the first A layer of inorganic thin film is adjacent to the substrate, and N is an integer equal to or greater than 2.
- the encapsulation film includes 2-10 layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; and/or,
- the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the first inorganic film and the top electrode of the photovoltaic device is ⁇ 0.3; and/or,
- the materials of the second inorganic layer to the Nth inorganic layer in the encapsulation film are independently selected from at least one of titanium oxide nanomaterials, zirconium oxide nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanomaterials, and silicon oxide nanomaterials ; and / or,
- the encapsulation film includes three layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; wherein the material of the first layer of inorganic film is magnesium fluoride nanorods, the material of the second layer of inorganic film is hollow nanoparticles, and the material of the third layer of inorganic film The material is solid nanoparticles.
- the method further includes the following steps: placing the encapsulation film in a modifier atmosphere and performing a surface hydrophobic modification treatment.
- the modifier is selected from hexamethyldisilazane.
- a light-emitting display device including an optoelectronic device and an encapsulation layer provided on the optoelectronic device, characterized in that the encapsulation layer is composed of N layers of inorganic thin films sequentially stacked, the N In the layered inorganic thin film, the refractive index from the first layer of inorganic thin film to the Nth layer of inorganic thin film increases sequentially, and when the encapsulating film is used to encapsulate a photovoltaic device, the top of the first layer of inorganic thin film and the light emitting device The electrodes are adjacent; where N is an integer equal to or greater than 2.
- the encapsulation layer includes 2-10 layers of inorganic thin films stacked in sequence; and/or,
- each inorganic film in the encapsulation layer is independently 50-150 nm
- the refractive index difference between the first layer of inorganic thin film and the top electrode of the photovoltaic device The absolute value of ⁇ 0.3; and/or,
- the range of the refractive index difference between the N-th layer inorganic thin film and the N-1th layer inorganic thin film is 0.05-1.0
- the materials of the second inorganic layer to the Nth inorganic layer in the encapsulation film are independently selected from titanium oxide nanomaterials, zirconium oxide nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanomaterials, and silicon oxide nanometers At least one of the materials.
- the encapsulation layer includes three layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; wherein the material of the first inorganic film is magnesium fluoride nanorods, and the material of the second inorganic film is hollow nanoparticles, The material of the third inorganic film is solid nanoparticles.
- the inorganic thin film of the Nth layer of the encapsulation layer is subjected to surface hydrophobic modification treatment with a modifier.
- the beneficial effects of the encapsulating film provided by the embodiments of the present application are:
- the encapsulating film is a new encapsulating cover inorganic glass used for encapsulating optoelectronic devices, and the encapsulating film has a multilayer inorganic transparent layer with a gradient refractive index
- the thin film that is, the N-layer inorganic film laminated in the encapsulation film, the refractive index from the first inorganic film to the N-th inorganic film increases sequentially, so that when the encapsulation film is used to encapsulate a photovoltaic device, it can effectively prevent Under the premise of water and oxygen in the air entering the device, at the same time reduce the total reflection of the light emitted by the device in the packaging film, thereby increasing the light extraction, and ultimately can improve the luminous efficiency of the device.
- the packaging film is compared with the traditional Cover glass encapsulation has the characteristics of lightness, thinness, and high efficiency, and overcomes the
- the beneficial effects of the method for preparing an encapsulating film are as follows:
- the method for preparing an encapsulating film the process is simple and easy, by sequentially stacking N layers of inorganic films on a substrate in sequence to obtain an encapsulating film;
- the packaging film obtained by the preparation method is used for packaging photoelectric devices, it can reduce the total reflection of light emitted from the device in the packaging film while effectively preventing the water and oxygen in the air from entering the device, which can improve the luminous efficiency of the device And service life.
- the beneficial effects of the light-emitting display device provided by the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
- the light-emitting display device provided by the present application is encapsulated with the unique encapsulating film of the present application as an encapsulating layer, therefore, the light-emitting device can not only effectively prevent water in the air Oxygen enters the inside of the device, and at the same time reduces the total reflection of the light emitted from the device in the packaging film, so it has good luminous efficiency and service life.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of light emission of a packaging film according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a packaging film according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- Some embodiments of the present application provide an encapsulation film, including N layers of inorganic films that are sequentially stacked, and in the N layers of inorganic films, the refractive index from the first inorganic film to the Nth inorganic film increases sequentially, Moreover, when the packaging film is used to package a photovoltaic device, the first inorganic film is adjacent to the top electrode of the light-emitting device; where N is an integer equal to or greater than 2.
- the encapsulating film provided in the embodiments of the present application is a new inorganic glass for a encapsulating cover plate, which is used to encapsulate optoelectronic devices.
- the encapsulating film has a multilayer inorganic transparent film with a gradient refractive index, that is, laminated in the encapsulating film In the N-layer inorganic thin film, the refractive index increases from the first layer of the inorganic thin film to the N-th layer of the inorganic thin film in sequence, so that when the encapsulating film is used to encapsulate a photovoltaic device, it can effectively prevent water and oxygen in the air from entering the device
- the packaging film is lighter and thinner than the traditional cover glass , High-efficiency, and overcome the defects of glass fragility, and ultimately improve the life of the device.
- the optoelectronic device is a top emission light emitting device.
- the encapsulation film provided in the embodiment of the present application includes 2-10 layers of inorganic films sequentially stacked.
- the first inorganic film when the packaging film provided in the embodiment of the present application encapsulates an optoelectronic device, the first inorganic film is adjacent to the top electrode of the encapsulated light emitting device, and the first inorganic film
- the difference in the refractive index of ⁇ 0.3 makes the difference in refractive index between the top electrode and the cathode small, and when the light enters the first layer of inorganic thin film from the device, the incident angle changes little, on the other hand, makes the top electrode to the first
- the refractive index of the inorganic thin film from the first layer to the Nth layer increases sequentially, making it easier to extract light.
- the material used for the inorganic film of each layer is an inorganic nanomaterial, which may specifically be solid nanoparticles or hollow nanoparticles (such as nanospheres)
- Solid nanorods or hollow nanorods as long as the refractive index of the inorganic thin film composed of inorganic materials increases from the first inorganic thin film to the inorganic thin film of the Nth layer in sequence.
- the range of the refractive index difference between the Nth layer inorganic film and the N-1 layer inorganic film is 0.1-1.0, which is understandably the difference in the refractive index difference between the Nth layer inorganic film and the N-1 layer inorganic film.
- the encapsulation film includes three layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; wherein the material of the first layer of inorganic film is magnesium fluoride nanorods (specifically, magnesium fluoride hollow nanorods, the lowest refractive index 1.3), the material of the second inorganic film is hollow nanoparticles, and the material of the third inorganic film is solid nanoparticles; specifically, the hollow nanoparticles and the solid nanoparticles have the same chemical composition. Hollow nanoparticles are generally larger in size than solid nanoparticles. Therefore, the porosity of the thin film made of hollow nanoparticles is larger than that of the solid nanoparticles.
- the material of the first layer of inorganic film is magnesium fluoride nanorods (specifically, magnesium fluoride hollow nanorods, the lowest refractive index 1.3)
- the material of the second inorganic film is hollow nanoparticles
- the material of the third inorganic film is solid nanoparticles; specifically, the hollow nanoparticles and the solid nanoparticle
- the hollow structure anti-reflection film material can greatly reduce the refractive index of the film layer, so that the refractive index of the second inorganic film and the third inorganic film can be sequentially increased; three layers in the encapsulation film
- the interface of the inorganic thin film can be better matched to form a good coverage step, which can effectively block the erosion of the device by water and oxygen, and better improve the life of the device; at the same time, the second layer of inorganic film composed of hollow nanoparticles and solid nanoparticles
- the composition of the third layer of inorganic thin films has the same chemical composition, so that in addition to having a good stepped refractive index, the interface between the two thin films is more matched, reducing the gap between the film layers and increasing the encapsulation Membrane stability.
- the encapsulation film includes three layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence; wherein, the first layer of inorganic film is MgF 2
- Nanorod film (refractive index 1.3)
- the second inorganic film is H-SiO 2 film (hollow silica nanoparticle film, refractive index is about 1.35)
- the third inorganic film is 810 2 film (ie solid dioxide
- the refractive index of the silicon nanoparticle film is about L 4, and the difference in refractive index from the second layer is 0.05).
- the refractive index n of the nanorod film to the Si0 2 film increases in sequence. Therefore, when used to package a photovoltaic device, the total reflection of the light emitted from the device in the packaging film can be reduced, thereby increasing the light extraction.
- the N-th inorganic film of the encapsulation film provided in the embodiment of the present application is subjected to a surface hydrophobic modification treatment with a modifier. Since the N-th inorganic film on the surface of the encapsulation film is hydrophobically modified on the surface, the self-cleaning ability of the encapsulation film is improved, and the scattering of dust and light penetration by dust is reduced.
- the modifier is specifically hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS).
- the thickness of each inorganic film in the encapsulation film of the present application is independently 50-150 nm. That is, the thickness of the first-layer inorganic thin film may be 50-150 nm, the thickness of the second-layer inorganic thin film may be 50-150 nm, the thickness of the third-layer inorganic thin film may be 50-150 nm, and so on.
- an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a packaging film, as shown in FIG. 3, the preparation method includes the following steps:
- S02 preparing an encapsulation film on the substrate
- the encapsulation film includes N layers of inorganic thin films stacked in sequence, in the N layers of inorganic thin films, the refractive index from the first inorganic thin film to the Nth inorganic thin film increases sequentially, and the first A layer of inorganic thin film is adjacent to the substrate, and N is an integer equal to or greater than 2.
- the preparation method of the encapsulation film provided by the embodiments of the present application is simple in process, and the encapsulation film is obtained by sequentially preparing stacked N-layer inorganic films on the substrate, and the encapsulation film obtained by the preparation method is used for encapsulation
- the encapsulation film obtained by the preparation method is used for encapsulation
- the luminous efficiency and service life of the device can be improved.
- the photovoltaic device is prepared on the substrate, that is, the packaging film is directly prepared on the photovoltaic device.
- the photovoltaic device may be a quantum dot light emitting diode or an organic light emitting diode.
- the encapsulation film includes 2-10 layers of inorganic films stacked in sequence. The materials and thickness of the above encapsulation film and the choice of refractive index have been elaborated above.
- each layer of the inorganic film may be prepared by vacuum coating or solution method.
- the refractive index of the three-layer structure is prepared by vacuum coating and printing from small to large, which not only ensures the sharpness of the interface of each layer, but also improves the film.
- the binding force between the layers, the first layer of inorganic thin film is prepared by vacuum coating method of MgF 2 nanorod film, or the solution method is used to prepare MgF 2 rod-shaped solution first and then the MgF 2 nanorod film is prepared by printing; the second layer of inorganic thin film Both the third layer and the inorganic thin film are prepared by the solution method, that is, the solid silica particle sol and the hollow silica particle sol are prepared first, and then the corresponding thin film is prepared by printing or pulling.
- the thickness of the first layer of the inorganic thin film that is, the MgF 2 nanorod film is about 50-150 nm
- the vacuum coating method includes a method of radio frequency magnetron sputtering, the sputtering gas pressure is 1-1.5 Pa, and the sputtering The emission power is 80-300 W.
- the thickness of the second layer inorganic film and the third layer inorganic film are between 50-150 nm.
- the method further includes the following steps: placing the encapsulation film in a modifier atmosphere to perform surface hydrophobic modification treatment.
- a modifier atmosphere to perform surface hydrophobic modification treatment.
- the modifier is specifically hexamethyldisilazane. The specific process is that the encapsulation film is placed in a hexamethyldisilazane atmosphere, modified at 50°C for 48 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature.
- the present application also provides a light-emitting display device, as shown in FIG. 2, including an optoelectronic device and an encapsulation layer provided on the optoelectronic device, the encapsulation layer is described in the embodiments of the application
- the packaging film or the packaging film obtained by the preparation method described in the examples of the present application.
- the light emitting display device provided by the embodiment of the present application is encapsulated with the encapsulating film unique to the embodiment of the present application as an encapsulating layer. Therefore, the light emitting device can not only effectively prevent water and oxygen in the air from entering the device, but also reduce the emission from the device The total reflection of the light in the packaging film, so it has good luminous efficiency and service life.
- the light emitting display device includes a substrate, a bottom electrode, a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), and a light emitting layer (R, G, B), Electron Transport Layer (ETL), top electrode and encapsulation layer.
- HIL hole injection layer
- HTL hole transport layer
- ETL Electron Transport Layer
- A1/ITO electrode thickness is about 30-50 nm; one of the embodiments is: preparing hole injection on A1/ITO substrate Material PEDOT: PSS, thickness about 30-40 nm and hole-transporting material poly-TPD, thickness about 30-50 nm, then prepare a light-emitting layer, the thickness of the light-emitting layer is 30-60
- an electron-transporting layer ZnO is prepared on the light-emitting layer.
- the thickness of the electron-transporting layer is about 50-150 nm and the top electrode Ag/Mg alloy.
- the evaporation thickness is 30-50 nm and the evaporation speed is 0.1- 0.3nm/s.
- the holes described in the embodiments of the present application may be, but not limited to, PEDOT: PSS.
- the hole transport materials described in the embodiments of the present application may be, but not limited to, organic transport materials such as poly-TPD and TFB, and inorganic transport materials such as NiO and MoO 3 and their composites.
- the materials of the light-emitting layer (R, G, B) described in the embodiments of the present application may but are not limited to core-shell quantum dots, quantum dots based on graded shells, phosphorescent or fluorescent light-emitting materials.
- the electron transport layer described in the embodiments of the present application may be, but not limited to, inorganic materials such as ZnO, Cs 2 CO 3 or organic transport materials such as Alq3.
- This embodiment provides an electronic device. It includes a substrate, a QLED electronic component bonded to the substrate, and a packaging film for packaging the QLED electronic component.
- the structure of the electronic device is: A1+ITO substrate (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/quantum dot light emitting layer (20 nm)/ZnO (30 nm) /Mg- Ag alloy (50 nm)/encapsulation layer (300 mm).
- the material of the encapsulation layer is MgF 2 film/H-SiO 2 film/SiO 2 film, and the MgF 2 film thickness Degree of 100 nm, prepared using a RF magnetron sputtering method with a vacuum of 1 * 10--4
- Both the H-SiO 2 film and the SiO 2 film are prepared by a solution method, and then are carried out Print film.
- the encapsulation film is placed in a hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) atmosphere, modified at 50°C for 48 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to complete the encapsulation layer preparation .
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- This embodiment provides an electronic device. It includes a substrate, a QLED electronic component bonded to the substrate, and a packaging film for packaging the QLED electronic component.
- the structure of the electronic device is: A1+ITO substrate (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/quantum dot light emitting layer (20 nm)/ZnO (30 nm) /Mg- Ag alloy (50 nm)/encapsulation layer (300 nm).
- each layer is sequentially formed on the AL+ITO substrate to form a QLED;
- the material of the encapsulation layer is MgF 2 film/H-Ti0 2 film/Ti0 2 film, the thickness of the MgF 2 film is 100 nm, which is prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering, and the background vacuum is 1 * 10--4
- the sputtering pressure is 0.8 Pa
- the sputtering power is 80 W
- the sputtering time is 180 s
- the sputtering thickness is 100 nm
- both the H-TiO 2 film and the TiO 2 film are prepared by a solution method, and then the process is performed.
- the encapsulation film is placed in a hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) atmosphere, modified at 50 °C for 48 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to complete the preparation of the encapsulation layer .
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- This embodiment provides an electronic device. It includes a substrate, a QLED electronic component bonded to the substrate, and a packaging film for packaging the QLED electronic component.
- the structure of the electronic device is: A1+ITO substrate (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/quantum dot light emitting layer (20 nm)/ZnO (30 nm) /Mg- Ag alloy (50 nm)/encapsulation layer (210 nm).
- each layer is sequentially formed on the AL+ITO substrate to form a QLED;
- the material of the packaging film is MgF 2 film/H-SiO 2 film/SiO 2 film, and the thickness of the MgF 2 film is 50 nm,
- the mass fraction is 2wt%, and the corresponding H-SiO 2 solution is obtained;
- the film is 80 nm thick.
- the encapsulation film is placed in a hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) atmosphere, modified at 50°C for 48 h, and naturally cooled to room temperature to complete the preparation of the encapsulation layer .
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- the multilayer inorganic film of the laminated film structure of the embodiment of the present application forms a good coverage step, the shell reduces the defects of the film layer, can better block the penetration of water and oxygen to the device, and at the same time through the gradient refractive index
- the preparation of the encapsulation film of the layer film improves the transmittance of visible light for the top light-emitting device; and performs hydrophobic treatment on the surface of the encapsulation film, so that the encapsulation film has the ability of self-cleaning and water and oxygen isolation.
- this kind of packaging film has the characteristics of light, thin, high efficiency, etc., and overcomes the defect of brittle glass, which can maximize the service life of optoelectronic devices, thereby making the self-luminous display technology Get more widely used.
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Abstract
本申请公开一种封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装置。所述封装薄膜,包括依次层叠的N层无机薄膜,所述N层无机薄膜中,从第1层无机薄膜到第N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大,且所述封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时,所述第1层无机薄膜与所述发光器件的顶电极相邻;其中,N为等于或大于2的整数。该封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时,可以在有效防止空气中的水氧进入器件内部的前提下,同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中的全反射,可以提高器件的发光效率和使用寿命。
Description
封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装置
[0001] 本申请要求于 2018年 12月 27日在中国专利局提交的、 申请号为 2018116157646
、 发明名称为“封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权 , 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
[0002] 本申请涉及显示技术领域, 具体涉及一种封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装 置。
背景技术
[0003] 相对于有机发光染料和无机荧光粉而言, 半导体量子点材料作为发光层的量子 点发光二极管 (QLED) 以其优异的光学和器件稳定性等良好的特点使得量子点 发光二极管在光电、 光伏和生物标记领域具有广泛的应用空间, 尤其是在发光 二极管方面的应用, 量子点发光二极管将会引领显示屏和固态照明行业新一代 产品的开发。
[0004] 尽管通过对量子点材料的改进使得 QLED的性能 (包括器件效率和寿命) 得到 了大幅度的提高, 但是其出光效率与产业化生产的要求还相差较远。 传统的 QLE D器件包括 A1+ITO衬底 /PEDOT: PSS/ poly-TPD/量子点发光层 /ZnO
/Mg-Ag合金 +封装盖板玻璃层, 传统的光电器件封装技术是在水、 氧含量低于 1 的手套箱中完成的。 将制作好的器件由手套箱内的线形机械手传入手套箱内 。 后盖板由调整好程序的自动涂胶机完成 UV胶的涂敷, 将制作好的光电器件基 板与涂好 UV胶的后盖板对准贴合, 经过 UV曝光以后就形成了一个与大气环境隔 开的壁障, 该壁障能有效防止空气中的水、 氧进入光电器件内部, 避免了与之 发生反应。 该封装方法能够成功耦合出 QLED外部的比例却不高, 从而影响了器 件的出光效率。
[0005] 当前, 商用的光电器件的封装技术正从传统的盖板式封装向新型薄膜一体化封 装发展。 薄膜封装的出现使柔性显示的梦想得以实现, 不过现阶段封装寿命和 稳定性有待更进一步提高, 成本优势也不大, 与传统封装相比优势不是十分明
显。 在典型的平面结构顶发光形式 QLED器件内, 要达到高照明效率的 QLED器 件, 必须要提升光输出耦合效率, 想方设法将局限的光藕合出来。
发明概述
技术问题
[0006] 本申请实施例的目的之一在于: 提供一种封装薄膜及其制备方法和发光显示装 置, 旨在解决现有光电器件的封装效果不理想, 从而影响器件的出光效率和使 用寿命的技术问题。 。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 为解决上述技术问题, 本申请实施例采用的技术方案是:
[0008] 第一方面, 提供了一种封装薄膜, 包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N层无 机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所述封装 薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述发光器件的顶电极相邻; 其中, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[0009] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 2-10层无机薄膜。
[0010] 在一个实施例中, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差 的绝对值 <0.3。
[0011] 在一个实施例中, 所述第 N层无机薄膜与第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射率之差的范 围为 0.05-1.0
[0012] 在一个实施例中, 所述第 1层无机薄膜的材料选自氟化镁纳米材料。
[0013] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜中的第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分 别独立选自氧化钛纳米材料、 氧化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳米 材料中的至少一种。
[0014] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无 机薄膜的材料为氟化镁纳米棒, 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层 无机薄膜的材料为实心纳米粒子。
[0015] 在一个实施例中, 所述空心纳米粒子和所述实心纳米粒子的化学成分相同。
[0016] 在一个实施例中, 所述第 N层无机薄膜被修饰剂进行表面疏水修饰处理。
[0017] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜中的每层无机薄膜的厚度分别独立为 50-150nm
[0018] 第二方面, 提供了一种封装薄膜的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
[0019] 提供基板;
[0020] 在所述基板上制备封装薄膜;
[0021] 其中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N层无机薄膜中, 从 第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所述第 1层无机薄膜与所 述基板相邻, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[0022] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 2-10层无机薄膜; 和 /或,
[0023] 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差的绝对值<0.3; 和 / 或,
[0024] 所述封装薄膜中的第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分别独立选自氧化钛 纳米材料、 氧化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳米材料中的至少一种 ; 和 /或,
[0025] 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机薄膜的材料为氟 化镁纳米棒, 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层无机薄膜的材料为 实心纳米粒子。
[0026] 在一个实施例中, 在所述基板上制备封装薄膜之后, 还包括如下步骤: 将所述 封装薄膜置于修饰剂气氛中, 进行表面疏水修饰处理。
[0027] 在一个实施例中, 所述修饰剂选自六甲基二硅氮烷。
[0028] 第三方面, 提供一种发光显示装置, 包括光电器件和设置在所述光电器件上的 封装层, 其特征在于, 所述封装层为包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N层无 机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所述封装 薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述发光器件的顶电极相邻; 其中, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[0029] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装层包括依次层叠的 2-10层无机薄膜; 和 /或,
[0030] 所述封装层中的每层无机薄膜的厚度分别独立为 50-150nm
[0031] 在一个实施例中, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差
的绝对值<0.3 ; 和 /或,
[0032] 所述第 N层无机薄膜与第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射率之差的范围为 0.05-1.0
[0033] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装薄膜中的第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分 别独立选自氧化钛纳米材料、 氧化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳米 材料中的至少一种。
[0034] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装层包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机 薄膜的材料为氟化镁纳米棒, 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层无 机薄膜的材料为实心纳米粒子。
[0035] 在一个实施例中, 所述封装层的第 N层无机薄膜被修饰剂进行表面疏水修饰处 理。
[0036] 本申请实施例提供的封装薄膜的有益效果在于: 该封装薄膜是一种新的封装盖 板无机玻璃, 用于封装光电器件, 所述封装薄膜中具有梯度折射率的多层无机 透明薄膜, 即封装薄膜中层叠的 N层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机 薄膜的折射率依次增大, 这样, 当该封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 可以在有 效防止空气中的水氧进入器件内部的前提下, 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装 薄膜中的全反射, 从而增加光的导出, 最终可以提高器件的发光效率, 同时, 该封装薄膜相对于传统的盖板封装玻璃具备轻、 薄、 高效的特点, 而且克服了 玻璃易碎的缺陷, 最终提高了器件的使用寿命。
[0037] 本申请实施例提供的封装薄膜的制备方法的有益效果在于: 封装薄膜的制备方 法, 工艺简单易行, 通过在基板上先后依次制备层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 从而得到 封装薄膜; 该制备方法得到的封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 可以在有效防止 空气中的水氧进入器件内部的前提下, 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中 的全反射, 可以提高器件的发光效率和使用寿命。
[0038] 本申请实施例提供的发光显示装置的有益效果在于: 本申请提供的发光显示装 置用本申请特有的封装薄膜作为封装层进行封装, 因此, 该发光装置不仅可以 有效防止空气中的水氧进入器件内部, 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中 的全反射, 因此具有很好的发光效率和使用寿命。
发明的有益效果
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0039] 为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或示范性技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本申请的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动 的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
[0040] 图 1为本申请一实施例的封装薄膜的光线出光示意图;
[0041] 图 2为本申请一实施例的发光显示装置示意图;
[0042] 图 3为本申请一实施例的封装薄膜的制备方法的流程示意图;
[0043] 图 4为本申请一实施例的发光显示装置示意图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0044] 为了使本申请的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图及实施例 , 对本申请进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以 解释本申请, 并不用于限定本申请。
[0045] 本申请一些实施例提供一种封装薄膜, 包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N 层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所述 封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述发光器件的顶电极相 邻; 其中, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[0046] 本申请实施例提供的封装薄膜是一种新的封装盖板无机玻璃, 用于封装光电器 件, 所述封装薄膜中具有梯度折射率的多层无机透明薄膜, 即封装薄膜中层叠 的 N层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 这样 , 当该封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 可以在有效防止空气中的水氧进入器件 内部的前提下, 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中的全反射, 从而增加光 的导出, 最终可以提高器件的发光效率, 同时, 该封装薄膜相对于传统的盖板 封装玻璃具备轻、 薄、 高效的特点, 而且克服了玻璃易碎的缺陷, 最终提高了 器件的使用寿命。
[0047] 具体地, 所述光电器件为顶发射发光器件。
[0048] 在一实施例中, 在本申请实施例提供的所述封装薄膜中, 包括依次层叠的 2-10 层无机薄膜。
[0049] 在一实施例中, 在本申请实施例提供的所述封装薄膜封装光电器件时, 其中的 第 1层无机薄膜与被封装的发光器件的顶电极相邻, 且第 1层无机薄膜使用的材 料可以是与顶电极 (顶电极一般为 AgMg合金, 折射率 n=l) 的折射率类似的材 料; 在一实施例中, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差 <0.3 , 一方面使得顶电极和阴极之间折射率差异较小, 光从器件射入至第 1层无 机薄膜时, 入射角变化较小, 另一方面使得顶电极至第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无 机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 使光更容易导出。
[0050] 本申请实施例提供的封装薄膜中的 N层无机薄膜中, 各层的无机薄膜所使用的 材料为无机纳米材料, 具体可以是实心纳米粒子或空心纳米粒子 (如纳米球)
、 实心纳米棒或空心纳米棒, 只要无机材料组成的 N层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无 机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大即可。
[0051] 在一实施例中, 所述第 1层无机薄膜的材料选自氟化镁纳米材料; 而所述圭寸装 薄膜中的第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜 (即除了第 1层无机薄膜之外, 剩余的 无机薄膜) 的材料分别独立选自氧化钛 (Ti0 2, n=2.3) 纳米材料、 氧化锆 (ZrO 2) n=2.0) 纳米材料、 氧化锌 (ZnO, n=2.0) 纳米材料和氧化硅 (Si0 2) n=1.4 ) 纳米材料中的至少一种, 因此, 根据第 1层无机薄膜、 第 2层到第 N层无机薄膜 不同的材料选择, 可以使得所述第 N层无机薄膜与第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射率之 差的范围为 0.1-1.0, 可以理解地是, 第 N层无机薄膜与第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射 率之差的范围为 0.1-1.0时都是可行的, 具体本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况, 结合制作成本, 出光效果, 适应性选择合适的各层无机薄膜材料。
[0052] 在一实施例中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机 薄膜的材料为氟化镁纳米棒 (具体为氟化镁空心纳米棒, 折射率最低为 1.3) , 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层无机薄膜的材料为实心纳米粒子 ; 具体地, 所述空心纳米粒子和所述实心纳米粒子的化学成分相同。 空心纳米 粒子一般比实心纳米粒子的粒径大, 因此, 空心纳米粒子制成的薄膜相对实心 纳米粒子制成的薄膜的孔隙率也就大, 由于材料孔隙率越大, 其对应的折射率
越低, 空心结构的减反射膜材料可以很大程度地降低膜层折射率, 如此可以实 现从第 2层无机薄膜和第 3层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大; 该封装薄膜中的三层 无机薄膜界面可以更好匹配, 形成良好的覆盖阶梯, 能够有效的阻隔水氧对器 件的侵蚀, 更好地提高器件的寿命; 同时由于采用空心纳米粒子组成的第 2层无 机薄膜和实心纳米粒子组成的第 3层无机薄之间化学成分相同, 使得两层薄膜除 具备良好的阶梯折射率之外, 同时两层薄膜之间界面更匹配, 减少了膜层界面 之间的间隙, 高了封装膜的稳定性。
[0053] 本申请一实施例中, 如图 1和图 2所示, 封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜 ; 其中, 第 1层无机薄膜为 MgF 2
纳米棒膜 (折射率为 1.3) 第 2层无机薄膜为 H-Si0 2膜 (即空心二氧化硅纳米粒 子膜, 折射率约为 1.35) 第 3层无机薄膜为 810 2膜 (即实心二氧化硅纳米粒子 膜折射率约为 L4, 与第 2层折射率差为 0.05) 。 该封装薄膜从 MgF 2
纳米棒膜到 Si0 2膜的折射率 n依次增大, 因此, 当用于封装光电器件时, 可减少 器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中的全反射, 从而增加光的导出。
[0054] 在一实施例中, 在本申请实施例提供的所述封装薄膜的第 N层无机薄膜被修饰 剂进行表面疏水修饰处理。 由于该封装薄膜表面的第 N层无机薄膜经过表面疏水 修饰, 从而提高了封装薄膜的自清洁能力, 减少了灰尘对出光的散射和水分的 渗透。 该修饰剂具体为六甲基二硅胺烷 (HMDS) 。
[0055] 在一实施例中, 在本申请的所述封装薄膜中的每层无机薄膜的厚度分别独立为 50-150nm。 即第 1层无机薄膜的厚度可以为 50-150nm, 第 2层无机薄膜的厚度可 以为 50-150nm, 第 3层无机薄膜的厚度可以为 50-150nm, 依次类推。
[0056] 另一方面, 本申请实施例还提供了一种封装薄膜的制备方法, 如图 3所示, 该 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0057] S01: 提供基板;
[0058] S02: 在所述基板上制备封装薄膜;
[0059] 其中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N层无机薄膜中, 从 第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所述第 1层无机薄膜与所 述基板相邻, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[0060] 本申请实施例提供的封装薄膜的制备方法工, 工艺简单易行, 通过在基板上先 后依次制备层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 从而得到封装薄膜; 该制备方法得到的封装薄 膜用于封装光电器件时, 可以在有效防止空气中的水氧进入器件内部的前提下 , 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中的全反射, 可以提高器件的发光效率 和使用寿命。
[0061] 具体地, 所述基板上制备光电器件, 即封装薄膜直接制备在光电器件上。 该光 电器件可以是量子点发光二极管或有机发光二极管。 具体地, 上述封装薄膜包 括依次层叠的 2-10层无机薄膜。 上述封装薄膜的材料和厚度以及折射率的选择上 文已详细阐述。
[0062] 本申请实施的上述封装薄膜的制备方法中, 各层无机薄膜可以采用真空镀膜或 溶液法制备。 具体地, 以本图 2中的封装薄膜的结构为例, 三层结构的折射率从 小到大分别采用真空镀膜及打印的方法制备成膜, 既保证各层膜界面的明锐, 又要提高膜层之间的结合力, 第 1层无机薄膜采用真空镀膜的方法制备 MgF 2纳 米棒膜, 或者采用溶液法先制备 MgF 2棒状溶液然后以打印方式制备 MgF 2纳米 棒膜; 第 2层无机薄膜和第 3层无机薄膜均采用溶液法制备, 即先制备实心氧化 硅粒子溶胶和空心氧化硅粒子溶胶, 然后采用打印或者提拉的方法制备相应的 薄膜。
[0063] 具体地, 其中第 1层无机薄膜即 MgF 2纳米棒膜厚度约为 50-150 nm之间, 真空 镀膜方法包括射频磁控溅射的方法, 溅射气压为 1-1.5 Pa, 溅射功率为 80-300 W 。 第 2层无机薄膜和第 3层无机薄膜厚度均为 50-150 nm之间。
[0064] 最后, 在所述基板上制备封装薄膜之后, 还包括如下步骤: 将所述封装薄膜置 于修饰剂气氛中, 进行表面疏水修饰处理。 通过对封装薄膜进行表面疏水处理 , 既提高了薄膜的疏水性, 又能够让封装薄膜保持一个自清洁状态, 减少灰尘 对于出光的散射。 修饰剂具体为六甲基二硅氮烷, 具体过程为, 将封装薄膜置 于六甲基二硅氮烷气氛中, 在 50°C条件下修饰 48 h, 自然冷却至室温。
[0065] 最后, 本申请实施了还提供一种发光显示装置, 如图 2所示, 包括光电器件和 设置在所述光电器件上的封装层, 所述封装层为本申请实施例所述的封装薄膜 或本申请实施例所述的制备方法得到的封装薄膜。
[0066] 本申请实施例提供的发光显示装置用本申请实施例特有的封装薄膜作为封装层 进行封装, 因此, 该发光装置不仅可以有效防止空气中的水氧进入器件内部, 同时减少器件中发出的光在封装薄膜中的全反射, 因此具有很好的发光效率和 使用寿命。
[0067] 在一具体实施例中, 如图 4所示, 该发光显示装置, 依次包括衬底、 底电极、 空穴注入层 (HIL) 、 空穴传输层 (HTL) 、 发光层 (R、 G、 B) 、 电子传输层 (ETL) 、 顶电极以及封装层。
[0068] 其中, 所述的底电极采用磁控溅射 A1电极和 ITO薄膜, A1/ITO电极厚度约为 30- 50 nm; 其中一个实施例为: 在 A1/ITO衬底上制备空穴注入材料 PEDOT: PSS , 厚度约为 30-40 nm和空穴传输材料 poly-TPD,厚度约为 30-50 nm后, 再制备一层 发光层, 发光层厚度为 30-60
nm。 发光层退火后, 再在发光层上制备电子传输层 ZnO , 电子传输层厚度约为 5 0-150 nm及顶电极 Ag/Mg合金, 蒸镀厚度为 30- 50 nm, 蒸镀速度为 0.1-0.3nm/s。
[0069] 本申请实施例中所述的空穴可以是但不限于 PEDOT: PSS。 本申请实施例中所 述的空穴传输材料可以但不限于是 poly-TPD, TFB等有机传输材料及 NiO, MoO 3 等无机传输材料及其复合物。 本申请实施例中所述的发光层 (R、 G、 B) 材料 可以但是不限于核壳量子点、 基于渐变壳的量子点、 磷光或者萤光发光材料。 本申请实施例中所述的电子传输层可以但是不限于 ZnO , Cs 2CO 3等无机材料或 者 Alq3等有机传输材料。
[0070] 本申请先后进行过多次试验, 现举一部分试验结果作为参考对申请进行进一步 详细描述, 下面结合具体实施例进行详细说明。
[0071] 实施例 1
[0072] 本实施例提供一种电子装置。 其包括衬底, 结合于所述衬底上的 QLED电子元 件和用于封装所述 QLED电子元件的封装薄膜。 所述电子装置的结构为: A1+ITO 衬底 (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/量子点发光层 (20 nm)/ZnO(30nm) /Mg-Ag合金 (50 nm) /封装层 ( 300 mm)。
[0073] 在 AL+ITO衬底上按照本实施例 QLH)结构依次形成各层, 从而形成 QLED;
[0074] 其中, 所述封装层的材料为 MgF 2薄膜 /H-Si0 2薄膜 /Si0 2薄膜, 所述 MgF 2膜厚
度为 100 nm, 采用射频磁控溅射的方法制备, 本底真空为 1*10 - 4
Pa,溅射压强为 0.8 Pa溅射功率为 80 W, 溅射时间为 180 s, 溅射厚度为 100 nm, 所述 H-SiO 2薄膜和 SiO 2薄膜均采用溶液法制备溶胶, 然后在进行打印成膜。
[0075] 实心 SiO 2溶液的制备: 2.02 mL氨水 (NH rH 20, 28%)加入 65.5 mL无水乙醇
(EtOH,99.9%) , 30°C水浴搅拌, 逐滴加入 6.67 mL正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS, 99%)中, 反 应 6 h后陈化 4 d, 除氨稀释 SiO 2, 质量分数为 lwt%, 得到相应的实心 SiO 2溶液
[0076] 空心 SiO 2溶液的制备: 0.12 g聚丙烯酸 (PAA, Mw«5000, 30wt%)溶于 6 mL NH 3 ·H 20中, 再加入 120 mL EtOH混合搅拌均匀, 每隔 10 min逐滴加入 0.36 mL TEOS, 共滴加 5次, 剧烈搅拌 10 h后除氨, 调整 H-SiO 2质量分数为 2wt%, 得到 相应的 H-SiO 2溶液;
[0077] 添加一定量的溶剂 (正辛烷), 表面活性剂, 粘接剂等制备成为墨水, 通过打印 滴数控制相应膜层厚度, 打印滴数为 15滴制备得到 H-SiO 2薄膜 /SiO 2薄膜, 厚度 均为 100 nm。
[0078] 将三层封装膜制备完成之后, 将封装薄膜置于六甲基二硅氮烷 (HMDS) 气氛 中, 在 50 °C条件下修饰 48 h, 自然冷却至室温, 即完成封装层制备。
[0079] 实施例 2
[0080] 本实施例提供一种电子装置。 其包括衬底, 结合于所述衬底上的 QLED电子元 件和用于封装所述 QLED电子元件的封装薄膜。 所述电子装置的结构为: A1+ITO 衬底 (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/量子点发光层 (20 nm)/ZnO(30nm) /Mg-Ag合金 (50 nm) /封装层 (300 nm)。 在 AL+ITO衬底上按照本 实施例 QLED结构依次形成各层, 从而形成 QLED ;
[0081] 其中, 所述封装层的材料为 MgF 2薄膜 /H-Ti0 2薄膜 /Ti0 2薄膜, 所述 MgF 2膜厚 度为 100 nm, 采用射频磁控溅射的方法制备, 本底真空为 1*10 - 4
Pa,溅射压强为 0.8 Pa溅射功率为 80 W, 溅射时间为 180 s, 溅射厚度为 100 nm; 所述 H-TiO 2薄膜和 TiO 2薄膜均采用溶液法制备溶胶, 然后在进行打印成膜。
[0082] 实心 TiO 2溶液的制备: 1.7 mL氨水 (NH 3.H 20, 28%)加入 40 mL无水乙醇
(EtOH,99.9%) , 50°C水浴搅拌, 逐滴加入 5.7 mL钛酸丁酯中, 反应 4 h后陈化 4 d
, 除氨稀释 Ti0 2, 质量分数为 2 wt%, 得到相应的实心 Ti0 2溶液;
[0083] 空心 TiO 2溶液的制备: 0.2g聚丙烯酸 (PAA, Mw«5000, 30wt%)溶于 8 mLNH 3 H 20中, 再加入 100mL EtOH混合搅拌均匀, 每隔 10 min逐滴加入 0.5 mL钛酸丁酯, 共滴加 5次, 剧烈搅拌 10 h后除氨, 调整 H-TiO 2质量分数为 3
wt% , 得到相应的 H-TiO 2溶液;
[0084] 添加一定量的溶剂 (水), 表面活性剂, 粘接剂等制备成为墨水, 通过打印滴数 控制相应膜层厚度, 打印滴数为 15滴制备得到 H-TiO 2薄膜 ATiO 2
薄膜, 厚度均为 100 nm;
[0085] 将三层封装膜制备完成之后, 将封装薄膜置于六甲基二硅氮烷 (HMDS) 气氛 中, 在 50 °C条件下修饰 48 h, 自然冷却至室温, 即完成封装层制备。
[0086] 实施例 3
[0087] 本实施例提供一种电子装置。 其包括衬底, 结合于所述衬底上的 QLED电子元 件和用于封装所述 QLED电子元件的封装薄膜。 所述电子装置的结构为: A1+ITO 衬底 (50 nm) /PEDOT: PSS (50 nm)/ poly-TPD (30 nm)/量子点发光层 (20 nm)/ZnO(30nm) /Mg-Ag合金 (50 nm) /封装层 (210 nm)。 在 AL+ITO衬底上按照本 实施例 QLED结构依次形成各层, 从而形成 QLED ;
[0088] 其中, 所述封装薄膜的材料为 MgF 2薄膜 /H-Si0 2薄膜 /Si0 2薄膜, 所述 MgF 2膜 厚度为 50 nm,
[0089] 空心棒状 MgF 2溶胶的制备: 1.73 g四水合乙酸镁 (Mg(CH 3COO) 2-4H 20, 99%) 溶于 38 g无水甲醇 (CH 3OH, 99.9%)中, 缓慢滴加由 9.3 gCH 3OH稀释的 0.645 g氟 酸 (HF, 40wt%)溶液, 常温反应 30 min后, 240°C烘箱反应 24 h, 制得 MgF 2溶液
[0090] 添加一定量的溶剂 (乙醇), 表面活性剂, 粘接剂等制备成为 MgF 2墨水, 通过 打印滴数控制相应膜层厚度, 打印滴数为 7滴时, MgF 2薄膜约为 50 nm厚度;
[0091] 实心 Si0 2溶液的制备: 2.02 mL氨水 (NH 3.H 20, 28%)加入 65.5
mL无水乙醇 (EtOH, 99.9%), 30°C水浴搅拌,逐滴加入 6.67 mL正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS, 99%)中, 反应 6 h后陈化 4
d, 除氨稀释 SiO, 质量分数为 lwt%, 得到相应的实心 SiO 2溶液;
[0092] 空心 SiO 2溶液的制备: 0.12 g聚丙烯酸(PAA, Mw«5000, 30wt%)溶于 6 mL NH 3 ·H 20中, 再加入 120 mL EtOH混合搅拌均匀, 每隔 10 min逐滴加入 0.36 mL TEOS
, 共滴加 5次, 剧烈搅拌 10 h后除氨, 调整 H-Si0 2
质量分数为 2wt%, 得到相应的 H-SiO 2溶液;
[0093] 添加一定量的溶剂(水), 表面活性剂, 粘接剂等制备成为墨水, 通过打印滴数 控制相应膜层厚度, 打印滴数为 12滴制备得到 H-TiO 2薄膜 ATiO 2
薄膜, 厚度均为 80 nm。
[0094] 将三层封装膜制备完成之后, 将封装薄膜置于六甲基二硅氮烷 (HMDS) 气氛 中, 在 50 °C条件下修饰 48 h, 自然冷却至室温, 即完成封装层制备。
[0095] 总之, 本申请实施例的装层薄膜结构的多层无机薄膜形成良好的覆盖阶梯, 壳 减少膜层的缺陷, 能够较好的阻隔水氧对器件的渗透, 同时通过梯度折射率多 层膜的封装薄膜制备, 针对顶发光器件提高了可见光的透过率; 并且针对封装 薄膜的表面进行疏水处理, 使得封装薄膜具备自清洁能力和隔绝水氧能力。 另 夕卜, 相对于传统的盖板封装, 此种封装薄膜具备轻、 薄、 高效等特点, 又克服 了玻璃易碎的缺陷, 可最大程度延长光电器件的使用寿命, 从而使得自发光显 示技术得到更广泛的应用。
[0096] 以上仅为本申请的可选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本申请。 对于本领域的技术 人员来说, 本申请可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本申请的精神和原则之内, 所 作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 种封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N
层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增 大, 且所述封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所 述发光器件的顶电极相邻; 其中, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜包括依次 层叠的 2- 10层无机薄膜。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所 述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差的绝对值 S0.3。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述第 N层无机薄膜与 第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射率之差的范围为 0.05-1.0
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述第 1层无机薄膜的材 料选自氟化镁纳米材料。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜中的第 2层 无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分别独立选自氧化钛纳米材料、 氧 化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳米材料中的至少一种。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜包括依次 层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机薄膜的材料为氟化镁纳米棒, 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层无机薄膜的材料为实心 纳米粒子。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 7所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述空心纳米粒子和所 述实心纳米粒子的化学成分相同。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述第 N层无机薄膜被 修饰剂进行表面疏水修饰处理。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 1所述的封装薄膜, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜中的每层 无机薄膜的厚度分别独立为 50-150nm
[权利要求 11] 一种封装薄膜的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
提供基板;
在所述基板上制备封装薄膜;
其中, 所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N层无机薄 膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增大, 且所 述第 1层无机薄膜与所述基板相邻, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[权利要求 12] 如权利要求 11所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜包括依次 层叠的 2-10层无机薄膜; 和 /或,
所述第 1层无机薄膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差的绝对值 <0.3; 和 /或,
所述封装薄膜中的第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分别独立 选自氧化钛纳米材料、 氧化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳 米材料中的至少一种; 和 /或,
所述封装薄膜包括依次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机薄膜的 材料为氟化镁纳米棒, 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层 无机薄膜的材料为实心纳米粒子。
[权利要求 13] 如权利要求 11所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 在所述基板上制备封装 薄膜之后, 还包括如下步骤: 将所述封装薄膜置于修饰剂气氛中, 进 行表面疏水修饰处理。
[权利要求 14] 如权利要求 13所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述修饰剂选自六甲基 二硅氮烷。
[权利要求 15] 一种发光显示装置, 包括光电器件和设置在所述光电器件上的封装层 , 其特征在于, 所述封装层为包括依次层叠的 N层无机薄膜, 所述 N 层无机薄膜中, 从第 1层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的折射率依次增 大, 且所述封装薄膜用于封装光电器件时, 所述第 1层无机薄膜与所 述发光器件的顶电极相邻; 其中, N为等于或大于 2的整数。
[权利要求 16] 如权利要求 15所述的发光显示装置, 其特征在于, 所述封装层包括依 次层叠的 2- 10层无机薄膜; 和 /或,
所述封装层中的每层无机薄膜的厚度分别独立为 50-150nm。
[权利要求 17] 如权利要求 15所述的发光显示装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 1层无机薄
膜与所述光电器件的顶电极的折射率之差的绝对值<0.3 ; 和 /或, 所述第 N层无机薄膜与第 N-1层无机薄膜的折射率之差的范围为 0.05-1 ·0。
[权利要求 18] 如权利要求 15所述的发光显示装置, 其特征在于, 所述封装薄膜中的 第 2层无机薄膜到第 N层无机薄膜的材料分别独立选自氧化钛纳米材 料、 氧化锆纳米材料、 氧化锌纳米材料和氧化硅纳米材料中的至少一 种。
[权利要求 19] 如权利要求 15所述的发光显示装置, 其特征在于, 所述封装层包括依 次层叠的 3层无机薄膜; 其中, 第 1层无机薄膜的材料为氟化镁纳米棒 , 第 2层无机薄膜的材料为空心纳米粒子, 第 3层无机薄膜的材料为实 心纳米粒子。
[权利要求 20] 如权利要求 15所述的发光显示装置, 其特征在于, 所述封装层的第 N
层无机薄膜被修饰剂进行表面疏水修饰处理。
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