WO2020124387A1 - 7类数字通信电缆 - Google Patents

7类数字通信电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020124387A1
WO2020124387A1 PCT/CN2018/121845 CN2018121845W WO2020124387A1 WO 2020124387 A1 WO2020124387 A1 WO 2020124387A1 CN 2018121845 W CN2018121845 W CN 2018121845W WO 2020124387 A1 WO2020124387 A1 WO 2020124387A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
parts
twisted pair
digital communication
category
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PCT/CN2018/121845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王惠兵
陆春良
王国权
吴士杰
谭言秦
冯成
Original Assignee
江苏亨通线缆科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/121845 priority Critical patent/WO2020124387A1/zh
Publication of WO2020124387A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020124387A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/06—Coaxial lines

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of data communication cables, and in particular relates to a category 7 digital communication cable.
  • Ethernet has experienced full-duplex Ethernet (10Mbps), 100M Ethernet (100Mbps), 802.3u Fast Ethernet (1000Mbps), and now 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10Gbps), and will be 100K Gigabit Ethernet in the future (100Gbps) development. From the current development of information transmission technology, 10 Gigabit Ethernet will be the direction and trend of network construction in the next few years, and the demand for high-speed data transmission cables suitable for 10 Gigabit Ethernet will increase rapidly in the next five years.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a category 7 digital communication cable to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art that 10 Gigabit Ethernet cannot meet the transmission rate and stability.
  • This application provides a category 7 digital communication cable, including: wire, insulation layer, internal protective layer, support frame, shielding sleeve and protective sleeve layer;
  • any one of the insulating layers is wrapped with the wire; the two insulating layers wrapped with the wire form a twisted pair, and the inner protective layer is wrapped around the strand To the outside of the line, the shielding sleeve is sleeved outside the inner protective layer;
  • the support frame is connected to the protective sleeve layer, and is configured to receive a cavity of the shield sleeve.
  • the shielding sleeve includes an aluminum sleeve
  • the aluminum sleeve is connected to the supporting skeleton, and the outer wall of the inner protective layer is attached to the aluminum sleeve.
  • the supporting skeleton includes a cross skeleton
  • the protective sleeve layer is sleeved on the outside of the cross skeleton, and the protective sleeve layer is connected to the four end points of the cross skeleton, and is configured to form four sealed accommodation chambers.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shielding sleeve is fan-shaped
  • Two right-angled sides of the fan-shaped shielding sleeve are respectively connected to the cross skeleton, and the arc-shaped edges of the fan-shaped shielding sleeve abut the protective sleeve layer.
  • the twisted pairs include a first twisted pair, a second twisted pair, a third twisted pair, and a fourth twisted pair;
  • the outer part of the first twisted pair, the second twisted pair, the third twisted pair and the fourth twisted pair are sequentially wrapped with the inner protective layer and the shielding layer;
  • the first twisted pair wire, the second twisted pair wire, the third twisted pair wire and the fourth twisted pair wire are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the four accommodating cavities.
  • any two adjacent pairs of the paired wires in the four receiving chambers are arranged vertically.
  • the pitch range of the first twisted pair is: 14-15mm; the pitch range of the second twisted pair is 16-17mm; the third twisted pair The pitch range of is 15-16mm; the pitch range of the fourth twisted pair is: 13-14mm.
  • the pitch of the first twisted pair is 14.2mm
  • the pitch of the second twisted pair is 16.7mm;
  • the pitch of the third twisted pair is 15.4mm;
  • the pitch of the fourth twisted pair is 13.9mm.
  • connection ends of the two right-angled portions of the shielding layer are transitioned by rounded corners.
  • the wire includes a copper wire.
  • the internal protective layer includes a single-sided aluminum foil layer.
  • the protective sheath layer includes a polyester tape layer, a double-sided aluminum foil layer, a tinned copper wire braid layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially sheathed;
  • the polyester tape layer is wrapped outside the shielding layer, and the sheath layer is located on the outermost layer
  • the tinned copper wire braid includes multiple strands of tinned copper wire
  • Multiple strands of the tinned copper wire are configured by braiding to form the tinned copper wire braid.
  • the tinned copper wire per share includes multiple tinned copper wires
  • a plurality of the tinned copper wires are configured as the tinned copper wires by winding.
  • the sheath layer is made of the following raw materials: 1,3-butadiene, thermoplastic resin, high molecular polymer, siloxane, activated carbon, solid additives, strong oxidizer, Crosslinking agent and antioxidant.
  • the sheath layer is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 1,3-butadiene 60-100 parts, polypropylene 50-80 parts, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 10 -40 parts, silicone 5-15 parts, activated carbon 1-10 parts, copper powder 1-10 parts, microcrystalline wax 1-3 parts, gypsum powder 1-3 parts, silica 1-2 parts, over 0.1-1 parts of dicumyl oxide, 1-2 parts of triallyl cyanurate, and 0.1-1 parts of thiodipropionic acid.
  • the jacket layer is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 1,3-butadiene 80 parts, polypropylene 66 parts, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 25 parts, silicone Alkane 9 parts, activated carbon 5 parts, copper powder 4 parts, microcrystalline wax 2 parts, gypsum powder 2 parts, silica 1.2 parts, dicumyl peroxide 0.6 parts, triallyl cyanurate 1.5 parts , 0.5 parts of thiodipropionic acid.
  • the jacket layer is formed by thermal mixing, cooling, and fixed molding in sequence.
  • This application provides a category 7 digital communication cable, including: wire, insulation layer, internal protective layer, support frame, shielding sleeve and protective sleeve layer; there are two insulation layers, and any one of the insulation layers is wrapped with wires; The two insulation layers wrapped with wires form a twisted pair, which can ensure the data transmission rate and meet the transmission and exchange of large-capacity information; the internal protective layer is wrapped outside the twisted pair, and the shield sleeve is set inside The outside of the protective layer; the shielding layer has the functions of improving crosstalk and signal attenuation, expanding the bandwidth of the absorption frequency, and improving the stability of the product performance; in addition, it is configured to accommodate the shielding sleeve through the support frame and the protective sleeve layer connection Accommodating cavity; the supporting framework can reduce the physical and electrical properties of the cable caused by the cable bending during the installation process, and at the same time can ensure a reasonable bending radius; alleviate the existing technology for 10 Gigabit Ethernet can not meet the transmission rate
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of 7 types of digital communication cables provided by embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a type 7 digital communication cable provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Pictograms 1-conductor; 2-insulation layer; 3-first twisted pair; 4-second twisted pair; 5-third twisted pair; 6-fourth twisted pair; 7-polyester tape layer; 8- double-sided aluminum foil layer; 9- tinned copper wire braided layer; 10- internal protective layer; 11- support frame; 12- sheath layer; 13- shielding sleeve; 14- protective sleeve layer.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the connection between two components.
  • installation should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the connection between two components.
  • a category 7 digital communication cable including: a wire 1, an insulating layer 2, an internal protective layer 10, a supporting frame 11, a shielding sleeve 13 and Protective sheath layer 14; two insulating layers 2 are provided, and any one of the insulating layers 2 is wrapped with wires 1; the two insulating layers 2 wrapped with the wires 1 form a twisted pair, and the inner protective layer 10 is wrapped in the twisted pairs Outside the line, the shielding sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outside of the inner protective layer 10; the support frame 11 is connected to the protective sleeve layer 14 and is configured to receive a cavity of the shielding sleeve 13.
  • Category 7 digital communication cable is a digital cable with a maximum transmission frequency of 600 MHz and a maximum bandwidth of 1.2 GHz.
  • Each twisted pair includes wires wrapped with two insulating layers 2, and each twisted pair can achieve a higher speed data transmission rate, which satisfies the transmission and exchange of large-capacity information.
  • the wire 1 is a copper wire; in addition, the wire 1 may also be an alloy material or the like.
  • the elongation of the copper wire should be stably controlled within ⁇ 2%; the fluctuation range of the copper wire diameter is ⁇ 0.002mm; the fluctuation range of the outer diameter of the insulation is ⁇ 0.01mm; the concentricity is greater than 96%; the coaxial capacitance is limited to ⁇ 1.5 pF/m; the conductor preheating temperature is stable and appropriate to ensure good adhesion between the copper wire and the insulating layer 2.
  • a colloidal substance may be added between the insulating layer 2 and the inner protective layer 10; specifically, the colloidal substance may be a gel; gel refers to colloidal particles or polymers in a sol or solution under certain conditions Connected to each other to form a spatial network structure, so that the structure gap is filled with liquid as a dispersion medium, forming a special dispersion system.
  • the gel has no fluidity, it often contains a large amount of liquid, for example, the water content of blood gel and agar can reach more than 99%.
  • the gel can be divided into elastic gel and brittle gel. After the elastic gel loses the dispersion medium, The volume is significantly reduced, and when the dispersion medium is reabsorbed, the volume is re-swelled. When the brittle gel loses or reabsorbs the dispersion medium, the shape and volume do not change. When the gel is applied in the field, the stability is good and the sealability is strong. .
  • the inner protective layer 10 includes a single-sided aluminum foil layer.
  • the internal protective layer 10 adopts metal shielding. Specifically, the internal protective layer 10 adopts aluminum foil longitudinal wrapping, which can reduce the transfer impedance, eliminate or reduce the electromagnetic interference of the environment, and stabilize the cable structure and transmission parameters.
  • the colloidal substance can also be hot melt adhesive;
  • hot melt adhesive is a plastic adhesive, its physical state changes with temperature change within a certain temperature range, and the chemical properties remain unchanged, its non-toxic and odorless, It is an environmentally friendly chemical product.
  • the product itself is solid, which is convenient for packaging, transportation, storage, solvent-free, pollution-free, non-toxic, and the production process is simple, with high added value and high bonding strength. , Fast speed, etc.; the gap between the insulating layer 2 and the inner protective layer 10 is filled with hot-melt adhesive, the water tightness is good, and the overall structure of the digital communication cable is more compact.
  • the shielding sleeve 13 includes an aluminum sleeve; the aluminum sleeve is connected to the support frame 11 and the outer wall of the inner protective layer 10 is attached to the aluminum sleeve.
  • the aluminum sleeve Since the aluminum sleeve has a shielding capability, the aluminum sleeve is sleeved outside the inner protective layer 10, which can improve crosstalk and signal attenuation, expand the bandwidth of the absorption frequency, and improve the stability of product performance.
  • the form of the aluminum sleeve for the inner protective layer 10 is an aluminum foil longitudinal package. Due to the skin effect and reflection and absorption of the aluminum sleeve, crosstalk between the wire pairs can be eliminated and the electrical interference in the environment can be eliminated and reduced, improving Electromagnetic compatibility.
  • the support frame 11 is made of insulating material; preferably, the material of the support frame 11 is plastic.
  • the support frame 11 includes a cross frame; the protective cover layer 14 is sleeved on the outside of the cross frame, and the protective cover layer 14 is connected to the four end points of the cross frame and is configured to form four sealed Accommodating cavity; the cross skeleton in the cable can reduce the physical and electrical changes of the cable caused by the cable bending during the installation process, and at the same time can ensure a reasonable bending radius.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shielding sleeve 13 is fan-shaped; the two right-angle sides of the fan-shaped shielding sleeve 13 are respectively connected to the cross skeleton, and the arc-shaped edges of the fan-shaped shielding sleeve 13 Contact with the protective jacket layer 14.
  • the shielding sheath 13 can be directly fixed in the sector cavity, or the sector shape can be directly
  • the two right-angled sides of the shielding sleeve 13 are fixedly connected with the cross skeleton, respectively, so that the arc-shaped edge of the fan-shaped shielding sleeve 13 abuts the protective sleeve layer 14; ensuring the tightness of each accommodating cavity.
  • connection between the shielding sleeve 13 and the cross skeleton is adhesive.
  • the twisted pair includes a first twisted pair 3, a second twisted pair 4, a third twisted pair 5 and a fourth twisted pair 6; the first The outside of the twisted pair 3, the second twisted pair 4, the third twisted pair 5 and the fourth twisted pair 6 are sequentially wrapped with an inner protective layer 10 and a shielding layer; the first twisted pair 3 and the second twisted pair
  • the wire 4, the third twisted pair wire 5 and the fourth twisted pair wire 6 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the four accommodating cavities.
  • the first twisted pair 3, the second twisted pair 4, the third twisted pair 5 and the fourth twisted pair 6 are designed with a reasonable pitch, and the first twisted pair 3 is stabilized by designing a cross skeleton at the center of the cable.
  • the near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk of the cable achieve an optimal effect, while Reduced crosstalk interference, improved transmission quality, and ensured stable and reliable electrical performance.
  • the crosstalk resistance between the twisted pairs is greatly improved, so the twisted pairs use a large pitch, and the pitch difference can be small, which can reduce cable deformation. It can also reduce delay and delay difference.
  • the arrangement direction of any two adjacent twisted pairs in the four accommodating cavities is set vertically.
  • the pitch range of the first twisted pair 3 is: 14-15 mm; the pitch range of the second twisted pair 4 is 16-17 mm; and the pitch of the third twisted pair 5 The range is 15-16mm; the pitch range of the fourth twisted pair 6 is: 13-14mm.
  • the pitch of the first twisted pair 3 is 14.2 mm; the pitch of the second twisted pair 4 is 16.7 mm; the pitch of the third twisted pair 5 is 15.4 mm; the pitch of the fourth twisted pair 6
  • the distance is 13.9mm.
  • the twisting process mainly controls the tension of the pay-off wire and the bending radius of the single pair of wires.
  • the tension of the single wire and the tension of the pair of wires should be uniform to prevent one wire from winding slightly on the other wire;
  • the bending radius of the single wire must be greater than 50mm to prevent the single wire structure from being unstable.
  • the twisting machine must be twisted back to improve the influence of the eccentricity and unevenness of the insulating layer 2 on the electrical performance.
  • the connecting ends of the two right-angled portions of the shielding layer are transitioned by rounded corners.
  • the contact area between the shield layer and the cross skeleton can be increased more.
  • the protective sheath layer 14 includes a polyester tape layer 7, a double-sided aluminum foil layer 8, a tinned copper wire braid layer 9 and a sheath layer 12 which are sequentially sheathed;
  • the polyester tape layer 7 is wrapped outside the shielding layer, and the sheath layer 12 is located at the outermost layer.
  • the polyester tape layer 7 can not only play an insulating role, but also protect the cable from mechanical damage.
  • the tinned copper wire braided layer 9 includes multiple strands of tinned copper wire; the multiple stranded tinned copper wire is configured to form a tinned copper wire braided layer 9 by braiding.
  • each tinned copper wire includes multiple tinned copper wires; the multiple tinned copper wires are configured as tinned copper wires by winding.
  • each tinned copper wire includes multiple tinned copper wires.
  • the tinned copper wires have the advantages of strong overcurrent capability, low copper consumption, softness, and ease of use.
  • the double-sided aluminum foil layer 8 serves as a shielding layer of the outermost protective sheath layer 14 to further ensure the stability of the protective sheath layer 14 and prevent the penetration of external signals.
  • the sheath layer 12 is made of the following raw materials: 1,3-butadiene, thermoplastic resin, high molecular polymer, silicone, activated carbon, solid additives, strong oxidizer , Crosslinking agent and antioxidant.
  • 1,3-butadiene is the main raw material for manufacturing synthetic rubber;
  • the thermoplastic resin is polypropylene, the polymer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the solid additives include copper powder, microcrystalline wax, gypsum powder and silica
  • the strong oxidant is dicumyl peroxide, the cross-linking agent is triallyl cyanurate, and the antioxidant is thiodipropionic acid.
  • the sheath layer 12 is composed of the following parts by weight of components: 1,3-butadiene 60-100 parts, polypropylene 50-80 parts, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 10- 40 parts, silicone 5-15 parts, activated carbon 1-10 parts, copper powder 1-10 parts, microcrystalline wax 1-3 parts, gypsum powder 1-3 parts, silica 1-2 parts, peroxide 0.1-1 parts of dicumene, 1-2 parts of triallyl cyanurate and 0.1-1 parts of thiodipropionic acid.
  • the sheath layer 12 is composed of the following components by weight: 80 parts of 1,3-butadiene, 66 parts of polypropylene, 25 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 9 parts of silicone, and 5 parts of activated carbon , Copper powder 4 parts, microcrystalline wax 2 parts, gypsum powder 2 parts, silica 1.2 parts, dicumyl peroxide 0.6 parts, triallyl cyanurate 1.5 parts and thiodipropionic acid 0.5 parts .
  • the jacket layer 12 is formed by thermal mixing, cooling and fixed forming in sequence.
  • the above raw material components are weighed in proportion.
  • 1,3-butadiene, polypropylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are added to the high-mixer.
  • the silicon is added Oxyalkyl; add copper powder, microcrystalline wax, gypsum powder and silica while waiting at 70°C, add dicumyl peroxide, triallyl cyanurate, thiodipropionic acid and activated carbon at 90°C, Hot mix to 110 °C into a cold pot, and then discharge to cold mix to 50 °C, and finally form a sheath layer 12.
  • the mold used for the sheath layer 12 should be configured reasonably to ensure that the sheath is properly tightened and the outer diameter of the sheath is uniform.
  • the sheath layer 12 should be close to the shielding sleeve 13 to prevent the cable from deforming when it is subjected to external forces, resulting in the cable The relative position of the wire pairs in the core changes.
  • the adjustment of the tension of the retractable wire of the sheath layer 12 is very critical. If the tension of the wire is too tight, the cable will be flattened and the cable core will be deformed. The characteristic impedance and return loss of the finished product will be affected to varying degrees.
  • This application provides a type 7 digital communication cable, including: wire 1, insulation layer 2, internal protective layer 10, support frame 11, shielding sleeve 13 and protective sleeve layer 14; two insulating layers 2 are provided, any one of which is insulated Layer 2 is covered with wire 1 inside; two insulation layers 2 wrapped with wire 1 form a twisted pair, through which the data transmission rate can be ensured, and the transmission and exchange of large-capacity information is satisfied; the internal protective layer 10 is wrapped Outside the twisted pair, the shielding sleeve 13 is set outside the inner protective layer 10; the shielding layer has the functions of improving crosstalk and signal attenuation, expanding the bandwidth of the absorption frequency, and improving the stability of product performance; in addition, by The support frame 11 is connected to the protective sheath layer 14 and is configured to accommodate the shielding sleeve 13; the support frame 11 can reduce changes in cable physical and electrical properties caused by cable bending during installation, and at the same time ensure a reasonable bending radius ; It alleviates the technical problems in the prior art
  • the 7-type digital communication cable provided by the embodiments of the present application can ensure the data transmission rate through the twisted pair, and has the function of improving crosstalk and signal attenuation through the shielding layer, expanding the bandwidth of the absorption frequency, and improving the performance of the product. Stability; the support frame can reduce the changes in cable physical and electrical properties caused by cable bending during installation, and at the same time can ensure a reasonable bending radius; it is convenient and stable to use and install, suitable for popularization.

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Abstract

本申请涉及数据通讯缆技术领域，具体涉及一种7类数字通信电缆，包括导线、绝缘层、内部保护层、支撑骨架、屏蔽套和保护套层；通过绞对线可以保证数据的传输速率，满足了大容量信息的传输与交换；屏蔽层具有改善串音和信号衰减的功能，扩展了吸收频率的带宽，提高了产品性能的稳定性；另外，通过支撑骨架能够减少安装过程中由于电缆弯曲引起的电缆物理和电气性能的改变，同时可保证合理的弯曲半径；缓解了现有技术中针对万兆以太网无法满足传输速率及稳定性的技术问题；本申请提供的7类数字通信电缆结构设计合理，使用安装方便稳定，适合推广使用。

Description

7类数字通信电缆 技术领域
本申请涉及数据通讯缆技术领域，具体涉及一种7类数字通信电缆。
背景技术
随着信息网络的不断发展，信息沟通越来越频繁，信息交换容量也越来越大；数据电缆是网络信息重要的传输介质，面临着新的技术变革与创新，一方面要提高传输速率，满足大容量信息的传输与交换，另一方面要提高传输稳定性，确保信息传输的质量。
以太网经历了全双工以太网(10Mbps)、百兆以太网(100Mbps)、802.3u快速以太网(1000Mbps)，到现在的万兆以太网(10Gbps)，未来还将向10万兆以太网(100Gbps)发展。从目前信息传输技术发展看，万兆以太网将是未来几年网络建设的方向和趋势，在未来五年内适合万兆以太网的高速数据传输电缆的需求快速增加。
但是，现有技术中的数据电缆还存在很多的缺陷。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于，提供一种7类数字通信电缆，以解决现有技术中针对万兆以太网无法满足传输速率及稳定性的技术问题中的至少一个问题。
本申请提供了一种7类数字通信电缆，包括：导线、绝缘层、内部保护层、支撑骨架、屏蔽套和保护套层；
所述绝缘层设置有两个，任意一个所述绝缘层内部均包裹有所述导线；两个包裹有所述导线的所述绝缘层形成绞对线，所述内部保护层包裹于所述绞对线的外部，所述屏蔽套套设于所述内部保护层的外部；
所述支撑骨架和所述保护套层连接，配置成容置所述屏蔽套的容置腔。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述屏蔽套包括铝套；
所述铝套与所述支撑骨架连接，且所述内部保护层的外壁与所述铝套贴合。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述支撑骨架包括十字骨架；
所述保护套层套设于所述十字骨架的外部，且所述保护套层与所述十字骨架的四个端点连接，配置成形成四个密封的所述容置腔。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述屏蔽套的截面形状呈扇形；
扇形的所述屏蔽套的两条直角边分别与所述十字骨架连接，扇形的所述屏蔽套的弧形边与所述保护套层抵接。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述绞对线包括第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线；
所述第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线的外部均依次包裹有所述内部保护层和所述屏蔽层；
所述第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线与与四个所述容置腔一一对应设置。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，四个所述容置腔中的任意两个相邻的所述绞对线的布置方向均呈垂直设置。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述第一绞对线的节距范围为：14-15mm；所述第二绞对线的节距范围为16-17mm；所述第三绞对线的节距范围为15-16mm；所述第四绞对线的节距范围为：13-14mm。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述第一绞对线的节距为14.2mm；
所述第二绞对线的节距为16.7mm；
所述第三绞对线的节距为15.4mm；
所述第四绞对线的节距为13.9mm。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述屏蔽层的两个直角部的连接端通过圆角过渡。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述导线包括铜导线。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述内部保护层包括单面铝箔层。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述保护套层包括依次套设的聚酯带层、双面铝箔层、镀锡铜丝编织层和护套层；
所述聚酯带层包裹于所述屏蔽层的外部，且所述护套层位于最外层
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述镀锡铜丝编织层包括多股镀锡铜线；
多股所述镀锡铜线通过编织配置成形成所述镀锡铜丝编织层。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，每股所述镀锡铜线包括多根镀锡铜丝；
多根所述镀锡铜丝通过缠绕配置成所述镀锡铜线。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述护套层由以下原料制成：1,3-丁二烯、热塑性树脂、高分子聚合物、硅氧烷、活性碳、固体添加剂、强氧化剂、交联剂和抗氧化剂。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述护套层由以下重量份的原料制成：1,3-丁二烯60-100份、聚丙烯50-80份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物10-40份、硅氧烷5-15份、活性碳1-10份、铜粉1-10份、微晶蜡1-3份、石膏粉1-3份、二氧化硅1-2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.1-1份、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯1-2份、硫代二丙酸0.1-1份。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述护套层由以下重量份的原料制成：1,3-丁二烯80份、聚丙烯66份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物25份、硅氧烷9份、活性碳5份、铜粉4份、微晶蜡2份、石膏粉2份、二氧化硅1.2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.6份、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯1.5份、硫代二丙酸0.5份。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述护套层依次通过热混合、冷却和固定成型形成。
本申请的有益效果至少包括：
本申请提供了一种7类数字通信电缆，包括：导线、绝缘层、内部保护层、支撑骨架、屏蔽套和保护套层；绝缘层设置有两个，任意一个绝缘层内部均包裹有导线；两个包裹有导线的绝缘层形成绞对线，通过绞对线可以保证数据的传输速率，满足了大容量信息的传输与交换；内部保护层包裹于绞对线的外部，屏蔽套套设于内部保护层的外部；屏蔽层具有改善串音和信号衰减的功能，扩展了吸收频率的带宽，提高了产品性能的稳定性；另外，通过支撑骨架和保护套层连接，配置成容置屏蔽套的容置腔；支撑骨架能够减少安装过程中由于电缆弯曲引起的电缆物理和电气性能的 改变，同时可保证合理的弯曲半径；缓解了现有技术中针对万兆以太网无法满足传输速率及稳定性的技术问题；本申请提供的7类数字通信电缆结构设计合理，使用安装方便稳定，适合推广使用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的7类数字通信电缆剖面结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的7类数字通信电缆外部结构示意图。
图标：1-导线；2-绝缘层；3-第一绞对线；4-第二绞对线；5-第三绞对线；6-第四绞对线；7-聚酯带层；8-双面铝箔层；9-镀锡铜丝编织层；10-内部保护层；11-支撑骨架；12-护套层；13-屏蔽套；14-保护套层。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，如出现术语“中心”、“上”、 “下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等，其所指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，如出现术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅配置成描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，如出现术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在以下的详细描述中，可以参看作为本申请一部分用来说明本申请的特定实施例的各个说明书附图。在附图中，相似的附图标记在不同图式中描述大体上类似的组件。本申请的各个特定实施例在以下进行了足够详细的描述，使得具备本领域相关知识和技术的普通技术人员能够实施本申请的技术方案。应当理解，还可以利用其它实施例或者对本申请的实施例进行结构、逻辑或者电性的改变。
如何提高高频电磁波的反射和吸收，改善了串音和信号衰减，扩展了吸收频率的带宽且提高了产品性能的稳定性，成为本领域技术人员努力的方向。
如图1-2所示，为了解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供了一种7类数字通信电缆，包括：导线1、绝缘层2、内部保护层10、支撑骨架11、 屏蔽套13和保护套层14；绝缘层2设置有两个，任意一个绝缘层2内部均包裹有导线1；两个包裹有导线1的所述绝缘层2形成绞对线，内部保护层10包裹于绞对线的外部，屏蔽套13套设于内部保护层10的外部；支撑骨架11和保护套层14连接，配置成容置屏蔽套13的容置腔。
其中，7类数字通信电缆是具有最高传输频率600MHZ、最高带宽可达1.2GHz的数字电缆。
每一个绞对线均包括有两个绝缘层2包裹的电线，且每一个绞对线均可以达到更加高速度的数据的传输速率，满足了大容量信息的传输与交换。
优选地，导线1采用铜导线；另外，导线1也可以采用合金材料等。
可选地，铜导线延伸率要稳定控制在±2％以内；铜导线直径波动范围为±0.002mm；绝缘外径波动范围为±0.01mm；同心度大于96％；同轴电容限制在±1.5pF/m；导体预热温度稳定适当，以保证铜导线与绝缘层2之间粘接良好。
可选地，在绝缘层2和内部保护层10之间可以添加胶状物质；具体地，胶状物质可以为凝胶；凝胶是指溶胶或溶液中的胶体粒子或高分子在一定条件下互相连接，形成空间网状结构，使结构空隙中充满了作为分散介质的液体，形成一种特殊的分散体系。由于凝胶没有流动性，内部常含有大量液体，例如血凝胶、琼脂的含水量都可达99％以上，凝胶可分为弹性凝胶和脆性凝胶，弹性凝胶失去分散介质后，体积显著缩小，而当重新吸收分散介质时，体积又重新膨胀，脆性凝胶失去或重新吸收分散介质时，形状和体积都不改变，凝胶应用在本领域时，稳定性好，密封性强。
优选地，内部保护层10包括单面铝箔层。
内部保护层10采用金属屏蔽，具体地，内部保护层10采用铝箔纵包，可降低转移阻抗，消除或减少环境的电磁干扰，使电缆结构和传输参数稳定。
另外，胶状物质还可以可以为热熔胶；热熔胶是一种可塑性的粘合剂，在一定温度范围内其物理状态随温度改变而改变，而化学特性不变，其无毒无味，属环保型化学产品，应用在本领域时，具有以下优点：产品本身系固体，便于包装、运输、存储、无溶剂、无污染、无毒型、以及生产工艺简单，附加值高，黏合强度大、速度快等；采用热熔胶对绝缘层2和内部保护层10之间的空隙进行填充，水密性好，数字通信电缆的整体结构更加紧凑。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，屏蔽套13包括铝套；铝套与支撑骨架11连接，且内部保护层10的外壁与铝套贴合。
由于铝套具有具有屏蔽能力，通过铝套套设于内部保护层10的外部，可以改善了串音和信号衰减，扩展了吸收频率的带宽且提高了产品性能的稳定性。
具体地，铝套对于内部保护层10的形式为铝箔纵包，由于铝套的趋肤效应及反射和吸收作用，可消除线对之间的串音并可消除和减少环境的电气干扰，提高电磁兼容性。
可选地，支撑骨架11采用绝缘材料；优选地，支撑骨架11的材料为塑料。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，支撑骨架11包括十字骨架；保护套层14套设于十字骨架的外部，且保护套层14与十字骨架的四个端点连接，配置成形成四个密封的容置腔；电缆中的十字骨架可减少安装过程中由于电缆 弯曲引起的电缆物理和电气性能的改变，同时可保证合理的弯曲半径。
如图1所示，在本申请较佳的实施例中，屏蔽套13的截面形状呈扇形；扇形的屏蔽套13的两条直角边分别与十字骨架连接，扇形的屏蔽套13的弧形边与保护套层14抵接。
根据十字骨架的具体结构，由于十字骨架与保护套层14连接时，恰好可以区分四个具有四分之一圆的扇形，从而可以将屏蔽套13直接固定在扇形腔内，也可以直接将扇形的屏蔽套13的两条直角边分别与十字骨架固定连接，从而将扇形的屏蔽套13的的弧形边与保护套层14抵接；保证每一个容置腔的密封性。
优选地，屏蔽套13与十字骨架的连接方式为粘接。
如图1所示，在本申请较佳的实施例中，绞对线包括第一绞对线3、第二绞对线4、第三绞对线5和第四绞对线6；第一绞对线3、第二绞对线4、第三绞对线5和第四绞对线6的外部均依次包裹有内部保护层10和屏蔽层；第一绞对线3、第二绞对线4、第三绞对线5和第四绞对线6与与四个所述容置腔一一对应设置。
通过节距设计合理的第一绞对线3、第二绞对线4、第三绞对线5和第四绞对线6，通过在电缆中心设计十字骨架来稳定第一绞对线3、第二绞对线4、第三绞对线5和第四绞对线6的相对位置，并使线对间相互隔离，电缆的近端串音和远端串音达到一个最佳效果，同时减少了串音干扰，提高了传输质量，保证了电气性能的稳定可靠。
本实施例中，由于电缆的内部采用了双屏蔽结构，绞对线间抗串扰能力大为提高，所以绞对线采用大节距，节距差可以较小，这样既可以减小电缆变形，又可以降低时延和时延差。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，四个容置腔中的任意两个相邻的绞对线的布置方向均呈垂直设置。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，第一绞对线3的节距范围为：14-15mm；第二绞对线4的节距范围为16-17mm；第三绞对线5的节距范围为15-16mm；第四绞对线6的节距范围为：13-14mm。
优选地，第一绞对线3的节距为14.2mm；第二绞对线4的节距为16.7mm；第三绞对线5的节距为15.4mm；第四绞对线6的节距为13.9mm。
本实施例中，绞对工序主要控制收放线张力和单对线的弯曲半径，单线的张力及对线收线张力要均匀一致，防止出现一根线轻微地绕在另一根线上；防止绝缘单线在绞对节点处出现周期性压伤和严重变形，单对线的弯曲半径必须大于50mm，以防止单对线结构不稳定。
其中，绞对机必须带退扭，以改善绝缘层2偏心及不均匀对电气性能造成的影响。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，屏蔽层的两个直角部的连接端通过圆角过渡。
通过圆角过渡，可以更大增加屏蔽层与十字骨架的接触面积。
如图1所示，在本申请较佳的实施例中，保护套层14包括依次套设的聚酯带层7、双面铝箔层8、镀锡铜丝编织层9和护套层12；聚酯带层7包裹于屏蔽层的外部，且护套层12位于最外层。
其中，聚酯带层7不但可以起到绝缘的作用，还能够保护电缆不受机械损伤。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，镀锡铜丝编织层9包括多股镀锡铜线；多 股镀锡铜线通过编织配置成形成镀锡铜丝编织层9。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，每股镀锡铜线包括多根镀锡铜丝；多根镀锡铜丝通过缠绕配置成镀锡铜线。
本实施例中，每股镀锡铜线包括多根镀锡铜丝，镀锡铜丝具有较强的过电流能力，耗铜少，柔软，使用便利等优点。
优选地，双面铝箔层8作为最外层保护套层14的屏蔽层，更加保证保护套层14的稳定性，防止外部信号的渗入。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，所述护套层12由以下原料制成：1,3-丁二烯、热塑性树脂、高分子聚合物、硅氧烷、活性碳、固体添加剂、强氧化剂、交联剂和抗氧化剂。
其中，1,3-丁二烯是制造合成橡胶主要原料；热塑性树脂采用聚丙烯，高分子聚合物采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物，固体添加剂包括铜粉、微晶蜡、石膏粉和二氧化硅，强氧化剂采用过氧化二异丙苯，交联剂采用三聚氰酸三烯丙酯，抗氧化剂采用硫代二丙酸。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，护套层12由以下重量份的组分组成：1,3-丁二烯60-100份、聚丙烯50-80份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物10-40份、硅氧烷5-15份、活性碳1-10份、铜粉1-10份、微晶蜡1-3份、石膏粉1-3份、二氧化硅1-2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.1-1份、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯1-2份和硫代二丙酸0.1-1份。
优选地，护套层12由以下重量份的组分组成：1,3-丁二烯80份、聚丙烯66份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物25份、硅氧烷9份、活性碳5份、铜粉4份、微晶蜡2份、石膏粉2份、二氧化硅1.2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.6 份、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯1.5份和硫代二丙酸0.5份。
在本申请较佳的实施例中，护套层12依次通过热混合、冷却和固定成型形成。
具体地，将上述原料组分按照比例称量好，首先将1,3-丁二烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物加入到高混机中，待热混合达到60℃后，加入硅氧烷；等待70℃时加入铜粉、微晶蜡、石膏粉和二氧化硅，90℃加入过氧化二异丙苯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯和硫代二丙酸和活性碳，热混到110℃到冷锅中，冷混到50℃时出料，最后成型形成护套层12。
本实施例中，护套层12采用的模具要配置合理，保证护套松紧适宜，护套外径均匀一致，护套层12应紧贴屏蔽套13，防止电缆在受到外力时变形，导致缆芯中线对的相对位置改变。
其中，护套层12收放线张力调整非常关键，收线张力太紧易使电缆被压扁、缆芯变形，成品的特性阻抗、回波损耗等性能会受到不同程度的影响。
本申请的有益效果至少包括：
本申请提供了一种7类数字通信电缆，包括：导线1、绝缘层2、内部保护层10、支撑骨架11、屏蔽套13和保护套层14；绝缘层2设置有两个，任意一个绝缘层2内部均包裹有导线1；两个包裹有导线1的绝缘层2形成绞对线，通过绞对线可以保证数据的传输速率，满足了大容量信息的传输与交换；内部保护层10包裹于绞对线的外部，屏蔽套13套设于内部保护层10的外部；屏蔽层具有改善串音和信号衰减的功能，扩展了吸收频率的带宽，提高了产品性能的稳定性；另外，通过支撑骨架11和保护套层14连接，配置成容置屏蔽套13的容置腔；支撑骨架11能够减少安装过程 中由于电缆弯曲引起的电缆物理和电气性能的改变，同时可保证合理的弯曲半径；缓解了现有技术中针对万兆以太网无法满足传输速率及稳定性的技术问题；本申请提供的7类数字通信电缆结构设计合理，使用安装方便稳定，适合推广使用。
上述实施例仅供说明本申请之用，而并非是对本申请的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此，所有等同的技术方案也应属于本申请申请的范畴。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供的一种7类数字通信电缆，通过绞对线可以保证数据的传输速率，通过屏蔽层具有改善串音和信号衰减的功能，扩展了吸收频率的带宽，提高了产品性能的稳定性；通过支撑骨架能够减少安装过程中由于电缆弯曲引起的电缆物理和电气性能的改变，同时可保证合理的弯曲半径；实现了使用安装方便稳定，适合推广使用。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，包括：导线、绝缘层、内部保护层、支撑骨架、屏蔽套和保护套层；
    所述绝缘层设置有两个，任意一个所述绝缘层内部均包裹有所述导线；两个包裹有所述导线的所述绝缘层形成绞对线，所述内部保护层包裹于所述绞对线的外部，所述屏蔽套套设于所述内部保护层的外部；
    所述支撑骨架和所述保护套层连接，配置成容置所述屏蔽套的容置腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述屏蔽套包括铝套；
    所述铝套与所述支撑骨架连接，且所述内部保护层的外壁与所述铝套贴合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述支撑骨架包括十字骨架；
    所述保护套层套设于所述十字骨架的外部，且所述保护套层与所述十字骨架的四个端点连接，配置成形成四个密封的所述容置腔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述屏蔽套的截面形状呈扇形；
    扇形的所述屏蔽套的两条直角边分别与所述十字骨架连接，扇形的所述屏蔽套的弧形边与所述保护套层抵接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述绞对线包括第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线；
    所述第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线的外部均依次包裹有所述内部保护层和所述屏蔽层；
    所述第一绞对线、第二绞对线、第三绞对线和第四绞对线与与四个所述容置腔一一对应设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，四个所述容置腔中的任意两个相邻的所述绞对线的布置方向均呈垂直设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述第一绞对线的节距范围为：14-15mm；所述第二绞对线的节距范围为16-17mm；所述第三绞对线的节距范围为15-16mm；所述第四绞对线的节距范围为：13-14mm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述第一绞对线的节距为14.2mm；
    所述第二绞对线的节距为16.7mm；
    所述第三绞对线的节距为15.4mm；
    所述第四绞对线的节距为13.9mm。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8任一项所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述屏蔽层的两个直角部的连接端通过圆角过渡。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述导线包括铜导线。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述内部保护层包括单面铝箔层。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述保护套层包括依次套设的聚酯带层、双面铝箔层、镀锡铜丝编织层和护套层；
    所述聚酯带层包裹于所述屏蔽层的外部，且所述护套层位于最外层
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述镀锡铜丝编织层包括多股镀锡铜线；
    多股所述镀锡铜线通过编织配置成形成所述镀锡铜丝编织层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，每股所述镀锡铜线包括多根镀锡铜丝；
    多根所述镀锡铜丝通过缠绕配置成所述镀锡铜线。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述护套层由以下原料制成：1,3-丁二烯、热塑性树脂、高分子聚合物、硅氧烷、活性碳、固体添加剂、强氧化剂、交联剂和抗氧化剂。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述护套层由以下重量份的原料制成：1,3-丁二烯60-100份、聚丙烯50-80份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物10-40份、硅氧烷5-15份、活性碳1-10份、铜粉1-10份、微晶蜡1-3份、石膏粉1-3份、二氧化硅1-2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.1-1份、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯1-2份和硫代二丙酸0.1-1份。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述护套层由以下重量份的原料制成：1,3-丁二烯80份、聚丙烯66份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物25份、硅氧烷9份、活性碳5份、铜粉4份、微晶蜡2份、石膏粉2份、二氧化硅1.2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.6份、三聚氰酸三 烯丙酯1.5份和硫代二丙酸0.5份。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的7类数字通信电缆，其特征在于，所述护套层依次通过热混合、冷却和固定成型形成。
PCT/CN2018/121845 2018-12-18 2018-12-18 7类数字通信电缆 WO2020124387A1 (zh)

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