WO2020119470A1 - 一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2020119470A1
WO2020119470A1 PCT/CN2019/121688 CN2019121688W WO2020119470A1 WO 2020119470 A1 WO2020119470 A1 WO 2020119470A1 CN 2019121688 W CN2019121688 W CN 2019121688W WO 2020119470 A1 WO2020119470 A1 WO 2020119470A1
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Prior art keywords
wire rope
detection
elevator traction
coil
traction wire
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French (fr)
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张强
代晓丹
田莹
张东钥
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G01N27/9006—Details, e.g. in the structure or functioning of sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
    • G01N27/9046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents by analysing electrical signals

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing of elevators, and particularly relates to an online prediction system and method for the remaining life of elevator traction wire ropes.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an online prediction system and method for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope, which can accurately detect the wire rope defects, and combine the detection results to predict the life of the wire rope, thereby timely Take appropriate measures.
  • the present invention provides an online prediction system for the remaining life of elevator traction wire ropes, including:
  • the detection module including the oscillator and the detection device, is used for real-time monitoring of the elevator hoisting wire rope in the manner of eddy current detection;
  • a signal conditioning module connected to the detection module, for converting the monitored data into a detection signal
  • An analysis and evaluation module connected to the signal conditioning module, is used to compare the collected detection signal with the information about the different degrees of wear and life of the elevator traction wire rope pre-stored in the database, thereby predicting the detected elevator traction Wire rope life.
  • the detection device includes a fixing bracket, an insulating sleeve, a detection coil, a comparison coil, and a wire rope fixing wheel;
  • the fixing bracket is fixed at the elevator shaft steel structure frame close to the traction wheel, the insulating sleeve is fixed at the middle position of the fixing bracket, and at the same time, it is sheathed outside the elevator traction wire rope under test;
  • the comparison coil and the detection coil are respectively wound on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the insulating sleeve, and the oscillator is connected to the comparison coil and the detection coil;
  • the wire rope fixing wheel is fixed on the inner wall of the insulating sleeve by a spring, and is used to maintain the relative position of the detected part of the elevator traction wire rope and the insulating sleeve.
  • the signal conditioning module includes a bridge, an amplifier, a detector, and a filter
  • the input end of the bridge is connected to the output ends of the comparison coil and the detection coil, and is used to convert the resistance change rate of the comparison coil and the detection coil into a voltage output, which is then provided to the amplifier for measurement after amplification;
  • the input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the electric bridge, and is used to further amplify the current signal
  • the input end of the detector is connected to the output end of the amplifier, and is used to take out the unidirectional envelope signal from the high-frequency amplitude-modulated wave;
  • the input end of the filter is connected to the output end of the detector, which is used to filter out high-frequency carrier components, make the low-frequency useful signal pure, and eliminate interference signals.
  • the analysis and evaluation module includes an amplitude discriminator, a display and recording device, and a data evaluation and life prediction device;
  • the input terminal of the amplitude discriminator is connected to the output terminal of the filter, which is used to further filter noise to obtain the signal to be displayed and recorded;
  • the input terminal of the display and recording device is connected to the output terminal of the amplitude discriminator, and is used to display the processed signal and perform real-time recording;
  • the input end of the data evaluation and life prediction device is connected to the output end of the display and recording device, which is responsible for collecting the collected detection signal and the information of different degrees of wear and life of the elevator traction wire rope pre-stored in the database Make a comparison to predict the life of the elevator hoisting wire rope being tested.
  • the middle of the insulating sleeve is a semi-hollow fence structure.
  • the internal structure of the detection module can be easily observed. Once some parts are damaged, they can be observed and replaced in time.
  • the wire rope fixing wheel is disposed on an inner wall near the inlet and outlet inside the insulating sleeve.
  • the wire rope fixing wheel fixed in this way can reduce the vibration of the detected elevator traction wire rope when passing the detection device, and improve the detection accuracy.
  • the invention also provides an online prediction method for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope, which includes the following steps:
  • the fixing bracket of the detection device is fixed on the steel structure frame of the elevator shaft by bolts, and the elevator traction wire rope is passed through the inside of the insulating sleeve, and at the same time, it is brought into contact with the steel wire fixing wheel connected to the inner wall of the insulating sleeve through the spring ;
  • the oscillator During detection, the oscillator generates an alternating current and supplies it to the comparison coil and the detection coil.
  • the comparison coil and the detection coil generate an alternating electromagnetic field.
  • the alternating electromagnetic field acts on the elevator traction wire rope passing through the comparison coil and the detection coil.
  • the elevator traction wire rope generates eddy current magnetic field feedback under the action of the electromagnetic field, thereby generating impedance on the detection coil and the comparison coil, and the bridge converts the resistance change rate of the detection coil and the comparison coil into a voltage output;
  • the present invention adopts the method of eddy current detection, using the elevator traction wire rope to move up and down with the elevator car, so that it is close to the coil with current, and the alternating magnetic field established by the coil and the elevator traction wire rope Electromagnetic induction occurs and eddy currents are generated in the elevator traction wire rope. At this time, the corresponding induction magnetic field is also generated in the elevator traction wire rope and affects the original magnetic field, which in turn leads to changes in coil voltage and impedance. When the elevator traction wire rope wears out and other defects, it will affect the strength and distribution of the eddy current and cause changes in the coil voltage and impedance.
  • the signal After processing by the bridge, amplifier, detector, filter, amplitude discriminator, the signal will be displayed It comes out, and automatically compares with the life information of the steel wire ropes with different degrees of wear in the database, so as to predict the life of the tested elevator ropes.
  • the invention adopts the method of eddy current detection to monitor real-time whether there are defects in the elevator traction wire rope in operation, and predicts the remaining life of the tested wire rope through signal comparison, so as to provide timely repair and replacement of the elevator traction wire rope Effective information is of great significance for the safe operation of elevators.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the online prediction system for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the detection device of the online prediction system for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the online prediction method of the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention.
  • the present invention adopts the method of eddy current detection to monitor the elevator hoisting wire rope in operation in real time, and predicts the remaining life of the elevator hoisting wire rope to be tested through the comparison of signals.
  • the online prediction system for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention includes a detection module, a signal conditioning module 6 and an analysis and evaluation module 5.
  • the detection module is used for real-time monitoring of the elevator hoisting wire rope by eddy current detection, including an oscillator 4, a detection device, the detection device includes a fixed bracket 2, an insulating sleeve 7, a detection coil 8 ⁇ Comparative coil 9 and wire rope fixed wheel 11.
  • the fixed bracket 2 is fixed at the elevator shaft steel structure frame 1 close to the traction wheel, and the fixed bracket 2 is made of PVC hard plastic material, and the insulating sleeve 7 is fixed at the middle position of the fixed bracket 2 while being sleeved on the elevator to be tested The wire rope 10 is led out, and the insulating sleeve 7 is made of polyurethane.
  • the middle of the insulating sleeve 7 is a semi-hollow fence structure, which is convenient for observing the internal structure of the detection module. Once some parts are damaged, it can be observed and carried out in time replace.
  • the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 are respectively wound on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the insulating sleeve 7, the oscillator 4 is connected to the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8, and the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 are externally led to the signal conditioning module 6 .
  • the wire rope fixing wheel 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the insulating sleeve 7 through a spring 12 and is responsible for maintaining the relative position of the detected portion of the elevator traction wire rope 10 and the insulating sleeve 7, wherein the wire rope fixing wheel 11 is made of polyurethane insulation material, specifically
  • the wire rope fixing wheel 11 is provided on the inner wall near the entrance and exit of the insulating sleeve 7.
  • the wire rope fixing wheel 11 fixed in this way can reduce the vibration of the detected elevator traction wire rope 10 when passing the detection device. Improve the accuracy of detection.
  • the detection coil in the detection module adopts a self-comparing coil. According to the characteristic of the elevator traction wire rope defect passing through the coil, the opposite eddy current signal will be generated, thereby judging whether the wire rope is defective.
  • the signal conditioning module 6 of the present invention is used to convert the monitored data into a detection signal, including a bridge 13, an amplifier 14, a detector 15, and a filter 16.
  • the input end of the bridge 13 is connected to the output ends of the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 and is responsible for converting the resistance change rate ⁇ R/R of the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 into a voltage output, which is then provided to the amplifier 14 for amplification After the measurement;
  • the input end of the amplifier 14 is connected to the output end of the bridge 13 and is responsible for further amplification of the current signal;
  • the input end of the detector 15 is connected to the output end of the amplifier 14 and is responsible for the amplitude modulation wave from the high frequency Take out the one-way envelope signal;
  • the input end of the filter 16 is connected to the output end of the detector 15 and is responsible for filtering out the high-frequency carrier component, making the low-frequency useful signal pure and eliminating the interference signal.
  • the analysis and evaluation module 5 of the present invention includes an amplitude discriminator 17, a display and recording device 18, a data evaluation and life prediction device 19, wherein the input terminal of the amplitude discriminator 17 and the output terminal of the filter 16 are related by Connected, it is responsible for further filtering noise to obtain the signal to be displayed and recorded.
  • the input terminal of the display and recording device 18 and the output terminal of the amplitude discriminator 17 are connected by a relevant line, which is responsible for displaying the processed signal and performing real-time recording, and the input terminal of the data evaluation and life prediction device 19 It is connected to the output of the display and recording device 18 by relevant lines, and is responsible for comparing the collected detection signals with the information of different wear levels and lifespan of the elevator traction wire rope pre-stored in the database, so as to predict the detected elevator traction Leading wire rope life.
  • the present invention also provides an online prediction method for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope, which includes the following steps:
  • the fixing bracket 2 of the detection device is fixed to the steel structure 1 of the elevator shaft by bolts 3, and the elevator traction wire rope 10 is passed through the inside of the insulating sleeve 7, and at the same time, it is connected to the insulating sleeve with the spring 12
  • the steel wire fixed wheel 11 on the inner wall of the barrel 7 contacts.
  • the oscillator 4 During detection, the oscillator 4 generates an alternating current and supplies it to the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8.
  • the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 generate an alternating electromagnetic field.
  • the alternating electromagnetic field acts on the elevator to be detected passing through the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8.
  • the traction wire rope 10 causes the elevator traction wire rope 10 to generate eddy current magnetic field feedback under the action of the electromagnetic field, thereby generating an impedance on the detection coil 8 and the comparison coil 9, and the electric bridge 13 puts the resistance of the detection coil 8 and the comparison coil 9
  • the rate of change ⁇ R/R is converted into a voltage output. If the elevator traction wire rope through the comparison coil 9 and the detection coil 8 is abnormal, the change in impedance may be less than 1%.
  • the amplifier 14 is used to Amplify the impedance change of the coil. Since the coil impedance change is a comprehensive reflection of the influence of various parameters, the detector 15 and the filter 16 are used to eliminate the interference signal during the detection, the required defect data is taken out, and the amplitude discriminator 17 is used. Perform amplitude analysis on the data and display the relevant data through the display and recording device 18. At the same time, use the life data of the elevator traction wire rope 10 of different damage levels stored in the data evaluation and prediction device 19 to compare and predict The working life of the elevator traction wire rope 10 is detected.
  • the online prediction system of the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention mainly adopts the eddy current detection technology in the non-destructive detection, which can accurately detect the wire rope defects, and combined with the detection results, predicts the life of the wire rope, so as to take corresponding measures in time.
  • the online prediction system and method for the remaining life of the elevator traction wire rope of the present invention can monitor the situation of the elevator traction wire rope in real time during the operation of the elevator. Once the signal is found to be abnormal, it can promptly prompt the alarm and automatically and pre-stored in advance.
  • the data in the sample library of the traction wire rope wear level of the elevator is compared to predict the remaining life of the detected wire rope, which provides effective information for the repair and replacement of the traction wire rope.

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Abstract

一种电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法，该系统包括：检测模块，包括振荡器（4）和检测装置，用于采用涡流检测的方式对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）进行实时监测；信号调理模块（6），与检测模块连接，用于将监测的数据转换为检测信号；分析与评估模块（5），与信号调理模块（6）连接，用于将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）的寿命。采用涡流检测的方法，对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）是否存在缺陷情况进行实时监测，并通过信号对比从而预测出电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）的剩余寿命情况，为电梯曳引钢丝绳（10）的及时修补和替换提供有效的信息，对于电梯的安全运行具有重要意义。

Description

一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法 技术领域
本发明属于电梯无损检测的技术领域，尤其涉及一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法。
背景技术
随着近年来高层建筑的迅猛发展，社会对于电梯数量的需求与日俱增，电梯曳引钢丝绳作为确保电梯安全的主要部件之一，当使用一段时间后，通常会出现内部和外部磨损、断丝、疲劳、锈蚀等损伤，从而威胁着电梯性能的稳定和使用人员的安全。因此，对曳引绳进行实时监测并及时发现钢丝绳的损伤情况，从而预测出钢丝绳剩余寿命，对于钢丝绳的及时更换至关重要。但目前，对于曳引钢丝绳的检测大多情况下，还是依靠人工，而且需要停机进行，在检测时间和精确度方面无法得到保障。
发明内容
基于以上现有技术的不足，本发明所解决的技术问题在于提供一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法，可以准确检测出钢丝绳缺陷，并结合检测结果，预测钢丝绳的寿命，从而及时采取相应措施。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：本发明提供一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，包括：
检测模块，包括振荡器和检测装置，用于采用涡流检测的方式对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳进行实时监测；
信号调理模块，与所述检测模块连接，用于将监测的数据转换为检测信号；
分析与评估模块，与所述信号调理模块连接，用于将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。
进一步的，所述检测装置包括固定支架、绝缘套筒、检测线圈、比较线圈、以及钢丝绳固定轮；
所述固定支架固定在接近曳引轮的电梯井道钢结构架处，所述绝缘套筒固定在所述固定支架的中间位置，同时套在被测的电梯曳引钢丝绳外；
所述比较线圈和检测线圈分别缠绕在所述绝缘套筒的外壁上下两侧，所述振荡器连接在所述比较线圈和检测线圈上；
所述钢丝绳固定轮通过弹簧固定在绝缘套筒的内壁，用于负责保持电梯曳引钢丝绳的被检测部分与绝缘套筒的相对位置。
进一步的，所述信号调理模块包括电桥、放大器、检波器、以及滤波器；
所述电桥的输入端连接于所述比较线圈和检测线圈的输出端，用于负责把比较线圈和检测线圈的电阻变化率转换成电压输出，然后提供给所述放大器放大后进行测量；
所述放大器的输入端连接于所述电桥的输出端，用于负责电流信号进行进一步放大；
所述检波器的输入端连接于所述放大器的输出端，用于负责从高频调幅波中取出单向包络信号；
所述滤波器的输入端连接于所述检波器的输出端，用于负责滤除高频载波分量，使低频有用信号纯净，消除干扰信号。
进一步的，所述分析与评估模块包括幅度鉴别器、显示和记录装置、 以及数据评估与寿命预测装置；
所述幅度鉴别器的输入端与所述滤波器的输出端相连接，用于负责进一步滤除噪声，以取得所要显示和记录的信号；
所述显示和记录装置的输入端与所述幅度鉴别器的输出端相连接，用于负责将处理后的信号显示出来，并进行实时记录；
所述数据评估与寿命预测装置的输入端与所述显示和记录装置的输出端相连接，用于负责将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。
可选的，所述绝缘套筒的中间为半镂空的栅栏式结构。
由上，可方便观察到检测模块的内部结构，一旦某些部件出现损坏，能够及时观察到并进行更换。
可选的，所述钢丝绳固定轮设置在所述绝缘套筒内部的进出口附近的内壁。
由上，通过此种方式固定的钢丝绳固定轮，可减少被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳在经过检测装置时的振动，提高检测的准确性。
本发明还提供一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将检测装置的固定支架通过螺栓固定在电梯井道的钢结构架上，并且使电梯曳引钢丝绳通过绝缘套筒内部，同时使其与通过弹簧连接在绝缘套筒内壁上的钢丝绳固定轮接触；
S2、检测时，振荡器产生交变电流供给比较线圈和检测线圈，比较线圈和检测线圈产生交变电磁场，交变电磁场作用在穿过比较线圈和检测线圈的待检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳上，使电梯曳引钢丝绳在电磁场的作用下，产生涡流磁场反馈，由此在检测线圈和比较线圈上产生阻抗，电桥把检测 线圈和比较线圈的电阻变化率转换成电压输出；
S3、运用放大器来放大线圈的阻抗变化，并在检测时采用检波器和滤波器来消除干扰信号，取出所需要的缺陷数据；
S4、利用幅度鉴别器对数据进行幅度分析，并且将相关数据通过显示和记录装置显示出来；
S5、利用存储在数据评估与预测装置内的不同损伤程度的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命数据进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的工作寿命。
由上，本发明采用涡流检测的方式，利用电梯曳引钢丝绳随着电梯轿厢上下移动的过程中，使其接近通有电流的线圈，由线圈建立的交变磁场与电梯曳引钢丝绳之间发生电磁感应，在电梯曳引钢丝绳内产生涡流，此时在电梯曳引钢丝绳中也会产生相应的感应磁场并影响原磁场，进而导致线圈电压和阻抗的改变。当电梯曳引钢丝绳出现磨损等缺陷时，会影响涡流的强度和分布，并引起线圈电压和阻抗的变化，通过电桥、放大器、检波器、滤波器、幅度鉴别器的处理后，将信号显示出来，并自动和数据库中不同磨损程度的钢丝绳寿命信息进行对比，从而预测出被测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。本发明采用涡流检测的方法，对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳是否存在缺陷情况进行实时监测，并通过信号对比从而预测出被测钢丝绳的剩余寿命情况，为电梯曳引钢丝绳的及时修补和替换提供有效的信息，对于电梯的安全运行具有重要意义。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下结合优选实施例，并配合附图，详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍。
图1为本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统的检测装置的局部结构示意图；
图3为本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测方法的流程图。
图中：1-电梯井道钢结构架，2-固定支架，3-螺栓，4-振荡器，5-分析与评估模块，6-信号调理模块，7-绝缘套筒，8-检测线圈，9-比较线圈，10-电梯曳引钢丝绳，11-钢丝绳固定轮，12-弹簧，13-电桥，14-放大器，15-检波器，16-滤波器，17-幅度鉴别器，18-显示和记录装置，19-数据评估与寿命预测装置。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式，其作为本说明书的一部分，通过实施例来说明本发明的原理，本发明的其他方面、特征及其优点通过该详细说明将会变得一目了然。在所参照的附图中，不同的图中相同或相似的部件使用相同的附图标号来表示。
如图1-2所示，本发明采用涡流检测的方法，对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳进行实时监测，并通过信号的对比从而预测出被测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的剩余寿命。本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统包括检测模块、信号调理模块6和分析与评估模块5。
其中，所述检测模块用于采用涡流检测的方式对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳进行实时监测，包括振荡器4、检测装置，所述检测装置包括固定支 架2、绝缘套筒7、检测线圈8、比较线圈9、钢丝绳固定轮11。其中固定支架2固定在接近曳引轮的电梯井道钢结构架1处，且固定支架2采用PVC硬塑材料，绝缘套筒7固定在固定支架2的中间位置，同时套在被测的电梯曳引钢丝绳10外，且绝缘套筒7采用聚氨酯材料，绝缘套筒7的中间为半镂空的栅栏式结构，方便观察到检测模块的内部结构，一旦某些部件出现损坏，能够及时观察到并进行更换。比较线圈9和检测线圈8分别缠绕在绝缘套筒7的外壁上下两侧，振荡器4接在比较线圈9和检测线圈8上，比较线圈9和检测线圈8外接引出到所述信号调理模块6。所述钢丝绳固定轮11通过弹簧12固定在绝缘套筒7的内壁，负责保持电梯曳引钢丝绳10的被检测部分与绝缘套筒7的相对位置，其中钢丝绳固定轮11采用聚氨酯绝缘材料，具体地，所述钢丝绳固定轮11设置在绝缘套筒7内部的进出口附近的内壁，通过此种方式固定的钢丝绳固定轮11，可减少被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳10在经过检测装置时的振动，提高检测的准确性。检测模块中的检测线圈采用自比较式线圈，根据电梯曳引钢丝绳缺陷处经过线圈时，会产生相反的涡流信号这一特点，从而判断出钢丝绳是否存在缺陷。
本发明的信号调理模块6用于将监测的数据转换为检测信号，包括电桥13、放大器14、检波器15、滤波器16。其中所述电桥13的输入端连接于比较线圈9和检测线圈8的输出端，负责把比较线圈9和检测线圈8的电阻变化率△R/R转换成电压输出，然后提供给放大器14放大后进行测量；所述放大器14的输入端连接于电桥13的输出端，负责电流信号进行进一步放大；所述检波器15的输入端连接于放大器14的输出端，负责从高频调幅波中取出单向包络信号；所述滤波器16的输入端连接于检波器15的输出端，负责滤除高频载波分量，使低频有用信号纯净，消除干扰信号。
本发明的分析与评估模块5包括幅度鉴别器17、显示和记录装置18、数据评估与寿命预测装置19，其中所述幅度鉴别器17的输入端与所述滤 波器16的输出端由相关线路相连接，负责进一步滤除噪声，以取得所要显示和记录的信号。所述显示和记录装置18的输入端与幅度鉴别器17的输出端由相关线路相连接，负责将处理后的信号显示出来，并进行实时记录，所述数据评估与寿命预测装置19的输入端与显示和记录装置18的输出端由相关线路相连接，负责将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。
如图3所示，本发明还提供了一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测方法，包括以下步骤：
检测前，将检测装置的固定支架2通过螺栓3固定在电梯井道的钢结构1加上，并且使电梯曳引钢丝绳10通过绝缘套筒7的内部，同时使其与通过弹簧12连接在绝缘套筒7内壁上的钢丝绳固定轮11接触。
检测时，振荡器4产生交变电流供给比较线圈9和检测线圈8，比较线圈9和检测线圈8产生交变电磁场，交变电磁场作用在穿过比较线圈9和检测线圈8的待检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳10上，使电梯曳引钢丝绳10在电磁场的作用下，产生涡流磁场反馈，由此在检测线圈8和比较线圈9上产生阻抗，电桥13把检测线圈8和比较线圈9的电阻变化率△R/R转换成电压输出，如果通过比较线圈9和检测线圈8的电梯曳引钢丝绳出现异常，阻抗的变化可能小于1％，为了能清晰的检测出阻抗的变化，运用放大器14来放大线圈的阻抗变化，由于线圈阻抗变化是各种参数影响的综合反映，所以在检测时采用检波器15和滤波器16来消除干扰信号，取出所需要的缺陷数据，并且利用幅度鉴别器17对数据进行幅度分析，并且将相关数据通过显示和记录装置18显示出来，与此同时，利用存储在数据评估与预测装置19内的不同损伤程度的电梯曳引钢丝绳10的寿命数据进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳10的工作寿命。
本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统主要采用无损检测中的涡流检测技术，可以准确检测出钢丝绳缺陷，并结合检测结果，预测钢丝绳的寿命，从而及时采取相应措施。本发明的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统及方法能在电梯工作过程中，对电梯曳引钢丝绳的情况进行实时监测，一旦发现信号异常，能够及时的进行报警提示，并自动和事先预存的电梯曳引钢丝绳磨损程度样本库里的数据进行对比，由此预测出被检测钢丝绳的剩余寿命，为曳引钢丝绳的修补和替换提供有效的信息。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变动，这些改进和变动也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，包括：
    检测模块，包括振荡器(4)和检测装置，用于采用涡流检测的方式对运行中的电梯曳引钢丝绳进行实时监测；
    信号调理模块(6)，与所述检测模块连接，用于将监测的数据转换为检测信号；
    分析与评估模块(5)，与所述信号调理模块(6)连接，用于将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，所述检测装置包括固定支架(2)、绝缘套筒(7)、检测线圈(8)、比较线圈(9)、以及钢丝绳固定轮(11)；
    所述固定支架(2)固定在接近曳引轮的电梯井道钢结构架(1)处，所述绝缘套筒(7)固定在所述固定支架(2)的中间位置，同时套在被测的电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)外；
    所述比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)分别缠绕在所述绝缘套筒(7)的外壁上下两侧，所述振荡器(4)连接在所述比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)上；
    所述钢丝绳固定轮(11)通过弹簧(12)固定在绝缘套筒(7)的内壁，用于负责保持电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)的被检测部分与绝缘套筒(7)的相对位置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，所述信号调理模块(6)包括电桥(13)、放大器(14)、检波器(15)、以及滤波器(16)；
    所述电桥(13)的输入端连接于所述比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)的输出端，用于负责把比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)的电阻变化率转换成电压输出，然后提供给所述放大器(14)放大后进行测量；
    所述放大器(14)的输入端连接于所述电桥(13)的输出端，用于负责电流信号进行进一步放大；
    所述检波器(15)的输入端连接于所述放大器(14)的输出端，用于负责从高频调幅波中取出单向包络信号；
    所述滤波器(16)的输入端连接于所述检波器(15)的输出端，用于负责滤除高频载波分量，使低频有用信号纯净，消除干扰信号。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，所述分析与评估模块(5)包括幅度鉴别器(17)、显示和记录装置(18)、以及数据评估与寿命预测装置(19)；
    所述幅度鉴别器(17)的输入端与所述滤波器(16)的输出端相连接，用于负责进一步滤除噪声，以取得所要显示和记录的信号；
    所述显示和记录装置(18)的输入端与所述幅度鉴别器(17)的输出端相连接，用于负责将处理后的信号显示出来，并进行实时记录；
    所述数据评估与寿命预测装置(19)的输入端与所述显示和记录装置(18)的输出端相连接，用于负责将收集到的检测信号与数据库中预先存储的电梯曳引钢丝绳不同磨损程度与寿命的信息进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳的寿命。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，所述绝缘套筒(7)的中间为半镂空的栅栏式结构。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测系统，其特征在于，所述钢丝绳固定轮(11)设置在所述绝缘套筒(7)内部的进出口附近的内壁。
  7. 一种电梯曳引钢丝绳剩余寿命在线预测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、将检测装置的固定支架(2)通过螺栓(3)固定在电梯井道的钢结构架(1)上，并且使电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)通过绝缘套筒(7)内部，同时使其与通过弹簧(12)连接在绝缘套筒(7)内壁上的钢丝绳固定轮(11)接触；
    S2、检测时，振荡器(4)产生交变电流供给比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)，比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)产生交变电磁场，交变电磁场作用在穿过比较线圈(9)和检测线圈(8)的待检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)上，使电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)在电磁场的作用下，产生涡流磁场反馈，由此在检测线圈(8)和比较线圈(9)上产生阻抗，电桥(13)把检测线圈(8)和比较线圈(9)的电阻变化率转换成电压输出；
    S3、运用放大器(14)来放大线圈的阻抗变化，并在检测时采用检波器(15)和滤波器(16)来消除干扰信号，取出所需要的缺陷数据；
    S4、利用幅度鉴别器(17)对数据进行幅度分析，并且将相关数据通过显示和记录装置(18)显示出来；
    S5、利用存储在数据评估与预测装置(19)内的不同损伤程度的电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)的寿命数据进行对比，从而预测出被检测的电梯曳引钢丝绳(10)的工作寿命。
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