WO2020119018A1 - 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用方法 - Google Patents
一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020119018A1 WO2020119018A1 PCT/CN2019/086732 CN2019086732W WO2020119018A1 WO 2020119018 A1 WO2020119018 A1 WO 2020119018A1 CN 2019086732 W CN2019086732 W CN 2019086732W WO 2020119018 A1 WO2020119018 A1 WO 2020119018A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- push rod
- hydraulic
- pipe
- main pipe
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/02—Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of pressure monitoring, in particular to a device for monitoring the horizontal squeezing force of a roof rock layer and a method of using the device.
- a large number of coal roadways are dug every year in my country, and the roadway supported by the bolts accounts for more than 80% of the coal roadways.
- the parameters of the roadway support must be reasonably determined. Setting the anchoring section of the bolt at the maximum horizontal pressure can increase the adhesion between the bolt and the anchoring agent and enhance the anchoring effect. Therefore, to determine the position of the anchoring section and improve the supporting effect of the bolt, first measure the level of horizontal stress .
- the stress testing methods of surrounding rock in coal mines mainly include hydraulic fracturing method and sleeve fracturing method.
- the hydraulic fracturing method uses a water-stop packer to seal the fracturing point at the designated position, and the wall of the hole is pressurized with a hydraulic pump.
- the method of cracking measures the stress of surrounding rock, the test instrument is cumbersome, and it is not adaptable to the situation where the surrounding rock is broken.
- the sleeve cracking method adopts pressure on the rubber sleeve to fracturing the drill hole, and then the surrounding rock is obtained in turn Stress, but the calculation process needs to be performed after the test is completed.
- the geostress tester used cannot directly reflect the stress of the surrounding rock, and the result is not intuitive.
- the stress of surrounding rock can also be measured by instruments such as borehole stress gauges.
- the multi-point stress gauge proposed by the Chinese patent application CN 203669931 U can achieve real-time testing of multi-point stresses, but it is more difficult to push and fix the measuring device for the monitoring of roof stress Big.
- the present invention provides a device and a method for monitoring the horizontal squeezing force of the roof rock layer.
- the specific technical solutions are as follows.
- a horizontal squeezing force monitoring device for a roof rock layer includes a pressure measuring section, a connecting rod, a hydraulic pump, a pressure gauge, a high-pressure oil pipe, a pressure control valve, a tray, a push rod, and a connecting sleeve;
- the pressure section is connected, the front end of the push rod is connected to the connecting rod, the rear end of the push rod passes through the tray, and the connecting sleeve is connected to the tray;
- the high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the high-pressure oil pipe extends to the measuring cavity through the inner space of the push rod and the connecting rod Pressure section;
- the pressure measurement section includes a main pipe, a hydraulic bladder, a fixing ring, a barrier plate, an outer pillow shell and a connecting sleeve; the two ends of the hydraulic bladder are set on the main pipe through a fixed ring sleeve, and the main pipe is provided with an oil injection port and a hydraulic bladder Connected;
- each high-pressure oil pipe is divided into multiple sections, the high-pressure oil pipes are connected by an oil pipe joint, one section is connected to the hydraulic pump, one section is provided in the inner cavity of the push rod and the connecting rod, and another section is provided in the measurement In the pressure section; an oil pipe joint is provided in the connection sleeve; a pressure control valve and a pressure gauge are also provided on the high-pressure oil pipe connected to the hydraulic pump.
- the connecting rod is connected with two or more pressure measurement sections, each pressure measurement section is provided with a connected high-pressure oil pipe; the design margin of the length of the high-pressure oil pipe is placed in the connection sleeve.
- the high-pressure oil pipe and the oil injection port on the main pipe are connected by a pipe joint, the inner wall of the pipe wall at both ends of the main pipe is provided with internal threads and the external thread of the connecting rod, and the outer wall of the pipe wall at both ends of the main pipe is provided with external threads and The internal thread of the barrier piece fits.
- the Xi Bu pillow shell is divided into 4 parts of the same shape, the combination of the outer pillow shell is a cylindrical outer shell; the outer pillow shell is combined and sleeved on the main pipe when the hydraulic bladder is contracted, When the bladder is inflated, the outer pillow shell expands into four parts.
- the two ends of the connecting sleeve and the main pipe are closely attached, and the connecting sleeve presses the two ends of the outer pillow shell to contact the main pipe.
- the tray is provided with a through hole, the connecting rod passes through the through hole of the tray; the connecting sleeve and the male threaded connection of the convex portion of the tray; the push rod pushes the connecting rod and the measuring rod through the connecting sleeve Pressure section.
- the main pipe and the push rod are made of steel material
- the hydraulic bladder and connecting sleeve are made of flexible rubber material
- the pressure gauge uses a digital display pressure gauge
- the hydraulic pump uses high pressure Pump
- a method for using a roof rock layer horizontal squeezing force monitoring device, using the above roof rock layer horizontal squeezing force monitoring device, the steps include:
- a will connect the connecting rod and the pressure measuring section, the connecting rod and the high-pressure fuel pipe in the inner cavity of the pressure measuring section are connected through a tubing joint , Fix the tray and install the connecting sleeve;
- step d and step e Repeat step d and step e to inject hydraulic oil under pressure to multiple pressure measurement sections;
- the horizontal squeezing force monitoring device for roof rock layer provided by the present invention is provided with a hydraulic pump and a pressure measuring section to monitor the horizontal squeezing force of a point in the borehole, and a plurality of boreholes can be monitored by setting one The horizontal squeezing force of the drilling depth, and the monitoring between each pressure measuring section does not interfere with each other; the high-pressure oil pipe is set in the inner cavity of the push rod and the connecting rod, so as to protect the safety of the high-pressure oil pipe; and the monitoring device is convenient for disassembly, Can be reused.
- the pressure measuring section adopts a combined outer pillow shell to better contact with the surrounding rock in the borehole, and the pressure measurement accuracy is higher; the combination of the push rod and the connecting rod is convenient for drilling at different depths
- the present invention also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient portability, economy and durability. Brief description of the drawings
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal squeezing force monitoring device for a roof rock
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal and external installation structure of the drill hole
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pressure measuring section
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a pressure measuring section
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a pressure measuring section
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a main pipe
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main pipe
- FIG. 8 is a partial structural diagram of the outer pillow shell
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the outer pillow shell
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a tray structure
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a tray
- the present invention provides a roof rock layer horizontal squeezing force monitoring device and method of use.
- the specific implementation manner is as follows.
- a specific structure of a horizontal squeezing force monitoring device for a roof rock layer includes a pressure measuring section 1, a connecting rod 2, and a hydraulic pump 3
- connecting rod 2 and pressure measuring section 1 facilitates monitoring of horizontal squeezing force at different depths
- push rod 8 ensures that the device can perform deep hole monitoring
- tray 7 and connecting sleeve 9 facilitate the fixing of the device in the borehole and high-pressure tubing
- the placement of 5 the combination of the hydraulic pump 3 and the pressure gauge 4 facilitates real-time monitoring, and the hydraulic pump 3, the pressure gauge 4, and the pressure control valve 6 can realize the long-term monitoring of the horizontal squeezing force.
- multiple pressure measurement sections can be set, and connecting rods of appropriate length can be selected according to the position of the measurement point. After connection, each pressure measurement section can be set at the designated measurement point with high accuracy.
- the device can be used to monitor the horizontal squeezing force of multiple drilling depths by setting one drilling hole, and the monitoring between each pressure measuring section does not interfere with each other.
- the pressure measuring section 1 specifically includes a main pipe 11, a hydraulic bladder 12, a fixing ring 13, a barrier plate 14, an outer pillow shell 15 and a connecting sleeve 16, as shown in FIGS. 3-9, both ends of the hydraulic bladder 12 pass through the fixing ring 13 It is sleeved on the main pipe 11, and the main pipe 11 is provided with an oil injection port 111 communicating with the hydraulic bladder 12, and a sealing washer can also be provided between the fixing ring 13 and the main pipe 11 to ensure the tightness of the hydraulic bladder 12.
- the outer pillow shell 15 is sleeved on the main pipe 11, the outer pillow shell 15 is wrapped with a connecting sleeve 16, and a barrier sheet 14 is provided between the fixing ring 13 and the outer pillow shell 15.
- the oil injection port of the pressure measuring section 1 can also be fixedly provided with a section of high-pressure oil pipe 5, and an oil pipe joint is provided on the high-pressure oil pipe 5 to facilitate installation.
- the thread section of the pressure measuring section main pipe 11 is exposed, which is convenient for the quick connection of the pressure measuring section and the connecting rod.
- Each high-pressure oil pipe 5 is divided into multiple sections, the high-pressure oil pipes 5 are connected by an oil pipe joint, one section is connected to the hydraulic pump 3, one section is provided in the inner cavity of the push rod 8 and the connecting rod 2, and another section is provided in Within the pressure measurement section.
- the high-pressure oil pipe 5 connected to the hydraulic pump 3 is also provided with a pressure control valve 6 and a pressure gauge 4. When in use, the high-pressure oil pipe can be quickly connected through the oil pipe connector.
- An oil pipe joint is also provided in the connecting sleeve 9 to facilitate the connection of the high-pressure oil pipe.
- the high-pressure oil pipe 5 is also provided with a pressure control valve 6 and a pressure gauge 4 for monitoring the hydraulic pressure in the pipe.
- the hydraulic pump closes the pressure control valve after pumping hydraulic oil
- the high pressure oil pipe 5 and the pressure control valve 6 are used to balance the pressure in the hydraulic bladder and the pressure in the pipe, so that the pressure gauge on the high pressure oil pipe 5 can accurately measure the horizontal squeezing force of the borehole at the pressure measurement section, and it is the horizontal squeezing force The resultant force is more in line with the actual force of the anchor.
- the pressure gauge 4 can use a digital display pressure gauge and has a recording function to record the pressure monitoring data in real time.
- the hydraulic pump 3 can use a high-pressure pump, which can measure a larger range of horizontal squeezing force.
- the high-pressure oil pipe 5 and the oil injection port on the main pipe 11 are connected by a pipe joint.
- the inner wall of the pipe wall at both ends of the main pipe 11 is provided with an internal thread to cooperate with the external thread of the connecting rod 2.
- the outer wall of the pipe wall at both ends of the main pipe 11 is provided
- the connecting rod 2 is connected with two or more pressure measuring sections 1, the number of the pressure measuring sections 1 is selected according to the number and position of the points to be monitored, and the connecting rod of appropriate length is selected according to the position of the measuring point 2, measure the water to be measured Flat squeezing force.
- Each pressure measurement section is provided with a connected high-pressure oil pipe 5, and the high-pressure oil pipe 5 is connected to the oil injection port on the main pipe 11, thereby ensuring that different pressure measurement sections can be independently measured.
- the design margin of the length of the high-pressure oil pipe 5 is placed in the connecting sleeve 9 to ensure monitoring when the drilling depth is large.
- the outer pillow shell 15 is divided into four or more parts of the same shape, and the assembly of the outer pillow shell 15 is a cylindrical shell. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the outer pillow shell 15 is combined and sleeved on the main pipe 11 when the hydraulic bladder 12 is in a contracted state, and the outer pillow shell 15 is divided into four or more parts when the hydraulic bladder 12 is inflated and inflated. After the expansion, the connection sleeve is in close contact with the inner wall of the borehole to maintain balance with the horizontal squeezing force in the borehole. At this time, the hydraulic pressure and the horizontal squeezing force in the hydraulic bladder 12 are equal to achieve the measurement purpose.
- the outer pillow shell 15 and the connecting sleeve 16 can also be fixed together by point bonding or fixed connection.
- the two ends of the connecting sleeve 16 are in close contact with the main pipe.
- the connecting sleeve 16 presses the two ends of the outer pillow shell 15 into contact with the main pipe, thereby protecting the hydraulic bladder 12.
- the tray 7 is provided with a through hole, the lower portion is further provided with a protrusion, both the connecting rod 2 and the push rod 8 can pass through the through hole of the tray, the middle of the push rod can be designed to be hollow,
- the external thread of the push rod is convenient for advancing the monitoring device in the drill hole to the inside of the drill hole.
- the pallet 7 is fixed to the drilling hole of the top plate when in use. When the pressure measuring section 1 and the connecting rod 2 are extended into the borehole, the pallet 7 plays a role in supporting the internal structure of the borehole.
- the connecting sleeve 9 is connected to the external thread of the convex part of the tray 7, and the push rod 8 pushes the connecting rod 2 and the pressure measuring section 1 through the connecting sleeve 9.
- the main pipe 11 and the push rod 8 can be made of steel materials to ensure the pushing strength.
- the hydraulic bladder 12 and the connecting sleeve 16 can be made of flexible rubber materials to ensure the elasticity and durability of the structure.
- a method for monitoring a horizontal squeezing force of a roof rock layer includes:
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Abstract
一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用方法,涉及压力监测技术领域,该装置包括测压段(1)、连接杆(2)、液压泵(3)、压力表(4)、高压油管(5)、压力控制阀(6)、托盘(7)、推杆(8)和连接套管(9),连接杆上设置有测压段,推杆前端和连接杆相连,托盘设置在推杆后端,连接套管和托盘相连,高压油管和液压泵相连,高压油管通过推杆和连接杆的内腔伸至测压段;测压段包括主管(11)、液压囊(12)、固定圈(13)、阻隔片(14)、外枕壳(15)和连接套(16),液压囊两端通过固定圈套设在主管上,主管上设置有注油口(111)和液压囊相通,外枕壳套设在主管上,外枕壳外侧包裹有连接套,固定圈和外枕壳之间设置阻隔片。该装置和方法解决了巷道顶板围岩水平挤压力监测困难的技术问题,具有操作简便,测量准确等优点。
Description
一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及压力监测技术领域, 尤其是一种用于监测顶板岩层水平挤压力的装 置及该装置的使用方法。
背景技术
[0002] 我国每年新掘大量的煤巷, 锚杆支护的巷道占煤巷的 80%以上, 为保证锚杆支 护安全性, 必须合理确定锚杆支护参数。 将锚杆锚固段设置在水平压力最大处 可以增大锚杆与锚固剂之间的粘结力, 增强锚固效果, 因此合理确定锚固段位 置、 提升锚杆支护效果首先需要测量水平应力的大小。 煤矿井下围岩应力测试 方法主要有水压致裂法和套筒致裂法, 其中水压致裂法在指定位置采用止水封 隔器密闭压裂点, 用液压泵加压将孔壁压裂的方法测量围岩应力, 测试仪器较 笨重, 对于围岩较为破碎的情况适应性不强; 套筒致裂法采用向橡胶套筒加压 使其压裂钻孔, 依次来求得围岩应力, 但是在测试完成后需进行计算过程, 使 用的地应力测试仪不能直接反应围岩应力大小, 结果不够直观。 围岩应力还可 以通过钻孔应力计等仪器测量, 中国申请专利 CN 203669931 U提出的多点应力 计可以实现多点应力实时测试, 但是对于顶板应力的监测, 其测量装置的推送 和固定难度较大。
[0003] 为准确测量顶板的水平挤压力, 准确、 简便的确定围岩应力大小, 进一步的为 锚杆设计提供依据, 需要对现有的水平挤压力监测装置和监测方法做进一步的 改进。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为解决巷道顶板围岩水平挤压力监测困难的技术问题, 本发明提供了一种顶板 岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用方法, 具体技术方案如下。
[0005] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 包括测压段、 连接杆、 液压泵、 压力表、 高压油管、 压力控制阀、 托盘、 推杆和连接套管; 所述连接杆和测压段相连, 推杆前端和连接杆相连, 推杆后端穿过托盘, 连接套管和托盘相连; 所述高压 油管和液压泵相连, 高压油管通过推杆和连接杆的内腔伸至测压段; 所述测压 段包括主管、 液压囊、 固定圈、 阻隔片、 外枕壳和连接套; 所述液压囊两端通 过固定圈套设在主管上, 主管上设置有注油口和液压囊相通; 所述外枕壳套设 在主管上, 外枕壳外侧包裹有连接套, 固定圈和外枕壳之间设置阻隔片。
[0006] 优选的是, 高压油管每条分为多段, 高压油管之间通过油管接头连接, 其中一 段连接在液压泵上, 一段设置在推杆和连接杆的内腔, 还有一段设置在测压段 内; 所述连接套管内设置有油管接头; 所述液压泵连接的高压油管上还设置有 压力控制阀和压力表。
[0007] 优选的是, 连接杆连接有 2个或多个测压段, 每个测压段均设置一条连通的高 压油管; 所述高压油管长度的设计余量放置在连接套管内。
[0008] 优选的是, 高压油管和主管上的注油口通过油管接头相连, 主管两端的管壁内 侧设置有内螺纹和连接杆的外螺纹配合, 主管两端管壁的外侧设置有外螺纹和 阻隔片的内螺纹配合。
[0009] 优选的是, 夕卜枕壳分为形状相同的 4部分, 外枕壳的组合体为圆柱状外壳; 所 述外枕壳在液压囊收缩状态下组合套设在主管上, 在液压囊充液膨胀状态下外 枕壳分为 4部分胀开。
[0010] 优选的是, 连接套两端和主管紧密贴合, 连接套压紧外枕壳两端和主管接触。
[0011] 优选的是, 托盘设置有通孔, 连接杆穿过托盘的通孔; 所述连接套管和托盘外 凸部位的外螺纹连接; 所述推杆通过连接套管推送连接杆和测压段。
[0012] 进一步优选的是, 主管和推杆使用钢材料制作而成, 所述液压囊和连接套使用 柔性橡胶材料制作而成; 所述压力表使用数显压力表; 所述液压泵采用高压泵
[0013] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置的使用方法, 使用上述的一种顶板岩层水平 挤压力监测装置, 步骤包括:
[0014] a.将连接杆和测压段连接, 连接杆和测压段内腔的高压油管通过油管接头连接
, 固定托盘并安装连接套管;
[0015] b.推杆将连接杆和测压段推送进入钻孔, 当托盘和顶板固定后, 拆卸掉连接套 管和推杆;
[0016] c.连接外露的高压油管, 连接液压泵、 压力控制阀和压力表;
[0017] d.打开压力控制阀上的开关, 使用液压泵注油加压, 当压力表读数达到 5~6MPa 后, 停止加压, 液压油回流; 重复本步骤 2~5次, 排空高压油管内的空气;
[0018] e.使用液压泵注油加压, 当压力表读数达到 5~6MPa后, 关闭压力控制阀;
[0019] f.重复步骤 d和步骤 e分别给多个测压段加压注液压油;
[0020] g.拆卸液压泵, 监测并保存压力表的监测数据;
[0021] h.打开压力控制阀, 放出液压油; 将连接套管和推杆连接, 利用推杆连接并将 连接杆和测压段从钻孔内取出。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0022] 本发明的有益效果包括:
[0023] ( 1) 本发明提供的顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 设置液压泵和测压段对钻 孔内的点进行水平挤压力的监测, 通过设置一个钻孔即可监测多个钻孔深度的 水平挤压力, 并且各个测压段之间的监测互不干扰; 高压油管设置在推杆和连 接杆的内腔, 从而能够保护高压油管的安全; 并且该监测装置方便拆卸, 能够 重复利用。
[0024] (2) 测压段采用组合式的外枕壳更好的和钻孔内的围岩接触, 压力测量的准 确性更高; 使用推杆和连接杆的组合方便在不同深度的钻孔使用, 不同长度的 推杆和连接杆组合从而扩大监测范围; 在固定圈和外枕壳之间设置阻隔片, 两 侧的阻隔片有效的防止了液压囊沿主管的方向膨胀, 从而保证监测的准确性。
[0025] (3) 使用该装置进行监测时, 仅需要记录压力表的读数即可确定顶板的水平 挤压力, 并且可以长期有效的监测水平挤压力; 设置托盘能够保证在连接杆和 测压段推入后, 托盘能够托住钻孔内的结构; 连接套管用于收纳高压油管的长 度余量, 从而保证伸缩更便捷。
[0026] 另外, 本发明还具有结构简单, 携带使用方便, 经济耐用等优点。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0027] 图 1是顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置结构示意图;
[0028] 图 2是钻孔内外安装结构示意图;
[0029] 图 3是测压段结构示意图;
[0030] 图 4是测压段剖面结构示意图;
[0031] 图 5是测压段截面结构示意图;
[0032] 图 6是主管剖面结构示意图;
[0033] 图 7是主管截面结构示意图;
[0034] 图 8是外枕壳部分结构示意图;
[0035] 图 9是外枕壳整体结构示意图;
[0036] 图 10是托盘结构示意图;
[0037] 图 11是托盘截面结构示意图;
[0038] 图中: 1 -测压段; 11-主管; 111-注油口; 112 -外螺纹; 113 -内螺纹; 12 -液压囊 ; 13 -固定圈; 14 -阻隔片; 15 -外枕壳; 16 -连接套; 2 -连接杆; 3 -液压泵; 4 -压力 表; 5 -高压油管; 6 -压力控制
7 -托盘; 8 -推杆; 9 -连接套管。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0039] 结合图 1至图 11所示, 本发明提供了一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置及使用 方法, 具体实施方式如下。
[0040] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置具体结构包括测压段 1、 连接杆 2、 液压泵 3
、 压力表 4、 高压油管 5、 压力控制阀 6、 托盘 7、 推杆 8和连接套管 9 , 如图 1所示 。 连接杆 2和测压段 1通过螺纹相连, 推杆 8前端和连接杆 2相连, 托盘 7设置在推 杆 8后端, 连接套管 9和托盘 7相连, 高压油管 5和液压泵 3相连, 高压油管 5通过 推杆 8和连接杆 2的内腔伸至测压段 1。 连接杆 2和测压段 1的组合方便监测不同深 度下的水平挤压力, 推杆 8保证了装置能够进行深孔监测, 托盘 7和连接套管 9方 便钻孔内装置的固定和高压油管 5的放置, 液压泵 3和压力表 4的组合方便实时监 测, 通过液压泵 3和压力表 4以及压力控制阀 6可以实现水平挤压力的长效监测。
利用该装置可以设置多个测压段, 并根据测点的位置选择合适长度的连接杆, 连接后保证各个测压段设置在指定的测点, 准确性高。 利用该装置可以通过设 置一个钻孔监测多个钻孔深度的水平挤压力, 并且各个测压段之间的监测互不 干扰。
[0041] 测压段 1具体包括主管 11、 液压囊 12、 固定圈 13、 阻隔片 14、 外枕壳 15和连接 套 16 , 如图 3~9所示, 液压囊 12两端通过固定圈 13套设在主管 11上, 主管 11上设 置有注油口 111和液压囊 12相通, 固定圈 13和主管 11之间还可以设置密封垫圈, 保证液压囊 12的密封性。 外枕壳 15套设在主管 11上, 外枕壳 15外侧包裹有连接 套 16 , 固定圈 13和外枕壳 15之间设置阻隔片 14。 在外枕壳 15和阻隔片 14的作用 下, 液压囊 12只能沿主管的径向膨胀, 连接套 16保证了外枕壳 15在使用后能顺 利复位。 测压段 1的注油口位置也可以固定设置一段高压油管 5 , 高压油管 5上设 置油管接头, 从而方便安装。 测压段主管 11的螺纹段外露, 方便测压段和连接 杆快速对接。
[0042] 高压油管 5每条分为多段, 高压油管 5之间通过油管接头连接, 其中一段连接在 液压泵 3上, 一段设置在推杆 8和连接杆 2的内腔, 还有一段设置在测压段内。 液 压泵 3连接的高压油管 5上还设置有压力控制阀 6和压力表 4, 使用时通过油管接 头可以快速连接高压油管。 连接套管 9内也设置有油管接头, 方便高压油管的连 接, 高压油管 5上还设置有压力控制阀 6和压力表 4用于监测管内液压大小, 液压 泵泵送液压油后关闭压力控制阀 6上的进油阀。 利用高压油管 5和压力控制阀 6实 现液压囊内的压力和管内压力平衡, 从而高压油管 5上的压力表能够准确的测量 测压段位置的钻孔水平挤压力, 并且是水平挤压力的合力, 更符合锚杆的实际 受力情况。 压力表 4可以使用数显压力表, 并具有记录功能实时记录压力监测数 据, 液压泵 3可以采用高压泵, 从而能够测量更大范围的水平挤压力。 高压油管 5和主管 11上的注油口通过油管接头相连, 主管 11两端的管壁内侧设置有内螺纹 和连接杆 2的外螺纹配合, 主管 11两端管壁的外侧设置有外螺纹和阻隔片 14的内 螺纹配合。
[0043] 如图 2所示, 连接杆 2连接有 2个或多个测压段 1, 根据需要监测的点数和位置选 择测压段 1的数量, 并根据测点位置选择合适长度的连接杆 2, 测量待测点的水
平挤压力。 每个测压段均设置一条连通的高压油管 5 , 高压油管 5和主管 11上的 注油口相连, 从而保证了不同测压段能够独立测量。 高压油管 5长度的设计余量 放置在连接套管 9内, 从而保证在钻孔深度较大时进行监测。
[0044] 外枕壳 15分为形状相同的 4部分或多个部分, 外枕壳 15的组合体为圆柱状外壳 。 如图 8和图 9所示, 外枕壳 15在液压囊 12收缩状态下组合套设在主管 11上, 在 液压囊 12充液膨胀状态下外枕壳 15分为 4部分或多个部分胀开, 胀开后连接套的 作用下向外和钻孔内壁紧密接触最终和钻孔内的水平挤压力保持平衡, 此时液 压囊 12内的液压和水平挤压力相等, 达到测量目的。 外枕壳 15和连接套 16之间 还可以通过点粘结或固定连接固定在一起。 连接套 16的两端和主管紧密贴合, 液压囊 12收缩状态下, 连接套 16压紧外枕壳 15两端和主管接触, 从而达到保护 液压囊 12的目的。
[0045] 如图 10和图 11所示, 托盘 7设置有通孔, 下部还设置有凸起, 连接杆 2和推杆 8 均能够穿过托盘的通孔, 推杆中部可以设计为中空, 从而保护高压油管的安全 , 推杆外部设置外螺纹方便推进钻孔内的监测装置深入钻孔内部。 安装时, 使 用时托盘 7固定在顶板的钻孔孔口, 当测压段 1和连接杆 2组合伸入钻孔后托盘 7 对钻孔内部的结构起到承载的作用。 连接套管 9和托盘 7外凸部位的外螺纹连接 , 推杆 8通过连接套管 9推送连接杆 2和测压段 1。 主管 11和推杆 8可以使用钢材料 制作而成, 保证推送强度, 液压囊 12和连接套 16可以使用柔性橡胶材料制作而 成, 保证结构的伸缩弹性和耐用性。
[0046] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置的使用方法, 顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置 对水平挤压力大小随时间的变化进行监测的步骤包括:
[0047] a.根据水平挤压力测点的位置和钻孔的深度选取合适长度的连接杆 2, 将连接杆 2和测压段 1连接, 连接杆 2和测压段 1内腔的高压油管 5通过油管接头连接, 固定 托盘 7并安装连接套管 9;
[0048] b.通过推杆 8将连接杆 2和测压段 1推送进入钻孔, 当托盘 7与顶板固定后, 测压 段 1安装完毕, 松开螺纹拆卸掉连接套管 9和推杆 8 ;
[0049] c.连接外露的高压油管, 通过油管接头方便高压油管 5的连接, 连接液压泵 3、 压力控制阀 6和压力表 4, 其中先连接压力表 4和压力控制阀 6 , 并将液压泵 3和压
力控制阀 6相连;
[0050] d.打开压力控制阀 6上的开关, 使用液压泵 3注油加压, 当压力表 4读数达到 5~6
MPa后, 停止加压, 让液压油回流; 重复本步骤 2~5次, 尽量排空高压油管 5内的 空气;
[0051] e.使用液压泵 3注油加压, 当压力表 4读数达到 5~6MPa后, 关闭压力控制阀 6, 拆下液压泵 3 ;
[0052] f.重复步骤 d和步骤 e分别给多个测压段 1加压注液压油, 也可以利用多个液压泵
3同时为多个测压段 1加压注入液压油;
[0053] g.测压段 1全部加注液压油后, 拆卸液压泵 3 , 监测并保存压力表的监测数据, 采用带有数据记录功能的数显压力表, 每隔一端时间读取一次监测数据, 从而 方便监测;
[0054] h.打开压力控制阀 6 , 放出液压油, 测压段 1收缩; 将连接套管 9和推杆 8重新连 接, 利用推杆 8连接并将连接杆 2和测压段 1从钻孔内取出, 便于重复利用。
[0055] 当然, 上述说明并非是对本发明的限制, 本发明也并不仅限于上述举例, 本技 术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、 改型、 添加或替换, 也应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在于, 包括测压段、 连接 杆、 液压泵、 压力表、 高压油管、 压力控制阀、 托盘、 推杆和连接套 管; 所述连接杆和测压段相连, 推杆前端和连接杆相连, 推杆后端穿 过托盘, 连接套管和托盘相连; 所述高压油管和液压泵相连, 高压油 管通过推杆和连接杆的内腔伸至测压段;
所述测压段包括主管、 液压囊、 固定圈、 阻隔片、 外枕壳和连接套; 所述液压囊两端通过固定圈套设在主管上, 主管上设置有注油口和液 压囊相通; 所述外枕壳套设在主管上, 外枕壳外侧包裹有连接套, 固 定圈和外枕壳之间设置阻隔片。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述高压油管每条分为多段, 高压油管之间通过油管接头连接, 其中一段连接在液压泵上, 一段设置在推杆和连接杆的内腔, 还有一 段设置在测压段内; 所述连接套管内设置有油管接头; 所述液压泵连 接的高压油管上还设置有压力控制阀和压力表。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述连接杆连接有 2个或多个测压段, 每个测压段均设置一条连 通的高压油管; 所述高压油管长度的设计余量放置在连接套管内。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述高压油管和主管上的注油口通过油管接头相连, 所述主管两 端的管壁内侧设置有内螺纹和连接杆的外螺纹配合, 主管两端管壁的 外侧设置有外螺纹和阻隔片的内螺纹配合。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述外枕壳分为形状相同的 4部分, 外枕壳的组合体为圆柱状外 壳; 所述外枕壳在液压囊收缩状态下组合套设在主管上, 在液压囊充 液膨胀状态下外枕壳分为 4部分胀开。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述连接套两端和主管紧密贴合, 连接套压紧外枕壳两端和主管
接触。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在 于, 所述托盘设置有通孔, 连接杆穿过托盘的通孔; 所述连接套管和 托盘外凸部位的外螺纹连接; 所述推杆通过连接套管推送连接杆和测 压段。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1~7任一项所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述主管和推杆使用钢材料制作而成, 所述液压囊和连 接套使用柔性橡胶材料制作而成; 所述压力表使用数显压力表; 所述 液压泵采用高压泵。
[权利要求 9] 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置的使用方法, 使用权利要求 1~7任 一项所述的一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置, 其特征在于, 步骤包 括:
a.将连接杆和测压段连接, 连接杆和测压段内腔的高压油管通过油管 接头连接, 固定托盘并安装连接套管;
b.通过推杆将连接杆和测压段推送进入钻孔, 当托盘和顶板固定后, 拆卸掉连接套管和推杆;
c.连接外露的高压油管, 连接液压泵、 压力控制阀和压力表; d.打开压力控制阀上的开关, 使用液压泵注油加压, 当压力表读数达 到 5~6MPa后, 停止加压, 液压油回流; 重复本步骤 2~5次, 排空高压 油管内的空气;
e.使用液压泵注油加压, 当压力表读数达到 5~6MPa后, 关闭压力控 制 _ ;
f.重复步骤 d和步骤 e分别给多个测压段加压注液压油;
g.拆卸液压泵, 监测并保存压力表的监测数据; h.打开压力控制阀, 放出液压油; 将连接套管和推杆连接, 利用推杆 连接并将连接杆和测压段从钻孔内取出。
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| CN109630201A (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 山东科技大学 | 一种基于顶板岩层水平挤压力监测的锚杆长度确定方法 |
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| US7513167B1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2009-04-07 | Shosei Serata | Single-fracture method and apparatus for automatic determination of underground stress state and material properties |
| US9869603B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2018-01-16 | Redline Detection, Llc | Balloon catheter apparatus for internal combustion engine component leak detection and high pressure leak detection |
| US9417153B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-08-16 | Redline Detection, Llc | Balloon catheter apparatus for high pressure leak detection |
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| CN207622908U (zh) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-17 | 青岛本末岩控技术有限公司 | 一种围岩钻孔应力监测实验教学演示装置 |
| CN209244607U (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-08-13 | 山东科技大学 | 一种顶板岩层水平挤压力监测装置 |
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| CN111997630A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-11-27 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | 一种高地应力软岩隧道监控量测方法 |
| CN115077757A (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-20 | 三峡大学 | 一种现场快速测量地应力的装置及方法 |
| CN115077757B (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-05-24 | 深圳万知达企业管理有限公司 | 一种现场快速测量地应力的装置及方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109372581A (zh) | 2019-02-22 |
| CN109372581B (zh) | 2023-11-14 |
| US20210332701A1 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
| US11859493B2 (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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