WO2020118815A1 - 一种原位热伏发电装置 - Google Patents

一种原位热伏发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020118815A1
WO2020118815A1 PCT/CN2019/070561 CN2019070561W WO2020118815A1 WO 2020118815 A1 WO2020118815 A1 WO 2020118815A1 CN 2019070561 W CN2019070561 W CN 2019070561W WO 2020118815 A1 WO2020118815 A1 WO 2020118815A1
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Prior art keywords
tube
thermal
power generation
positive
negative
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PCT/CN2019/070561
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢和平
莫思特
李碧雄
邓建辉
高明忠
吴德民
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深圳大学
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Publication of WO2020118815A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020118815A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of thermovoltaic generators, in particular to an in-situ thermovoltaic power generation device.
  • Thermoelectric power generation is a technology that directly converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of simple structure, no pollution, no noise, no moving parts, long life and maintenance-free. It can be applied to the use of natural heat energy, waste heat recovery, and industrial energy saving. And areas such as life appliances.
  • the patent application number 201711032809.2 discloses a thermoelectric power generation module based on a flat heat pipe and a heat pipe circulating residual heat thermoelectric power generation system, which specifically discloses that the porous parallel flow flat tube closely fits the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the heat dissipation fin. The fan is packaged as a whole to form a standardized temperature difference power generation module.
  • the temperature difference power generation module is flexibly selected according to the amount of waste heat dissipation, and a loop heat pipe is formed with the heat exchanger in the waste heat pipe to form a stable temperature difference on both sides of the temperature difference power generation sheet, which increases power generation. Scale, but the energy conversion efficiency of its power generation module is low, and the structure is more complicated.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an in-situ thermal power generation device, which aims to solve the problems of the existing thermal power generation device with a complicated structure and low energy conversion efficiency.
  • An in-situ thermal power generation device including a plurality of in-situ thermal power generator units (100) connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, the in-situ thermal power generator unit (100) includes The outer reinforced tube (110), the outer insulated heat pipe (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), the inner insulated heat pipe (140) and the inner reinforced tube (150) arranged in this order Inside the inner reinforcement tube (150) is a high-temperature fluid channel.
  • thermovolt power generation tube includes a tubular hot-end conductor (131) directly in contact with the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (140) and the tubular hot-end conductor (131)
  • a positive thermovoltaic material (160) and a negative thermovoltaic material (170) on the outside, the thermovoltaic power tube (130) is a plate-type thermovoltaic tube, an axial parallel structure thermovoltaic tube or an axial series
  • One of the structural thermovoltaic power generation tubes; the outer-layer reinforced tube (110) and the inner-layer reinforced tube (150) are made of materials with good thermal conductivity and compressive and tensile strength; the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube ( 120).
  • the inner-layer insulated heat pipe (140) is made of a material with good insulation and good thermal conductivity; the tubular hot end conductor (131) is made of a material with good electrical conductivity; when the in-situ thermal generator unit is placed in a low-temperature environment, When passing the high-temperature fluid into the high-temperature fluid channel, the in-situ thermal power generation device outputs electrical energy.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device wherein the in-situ thermal power generator unit (100) further includes a main body cover plate (180) fixedly connected to both ends of the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), A sealing ring (190) is provided between the main body cover plate (180) and the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), the outer diameter of the main body cover plate (180) is the same as the outer diameter of the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), The inner diameter of the main body cover plate (180) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner-layer reinforcement tube (150), and the main body cover plate (180) is provided with a positive lead extraction hole (181) and a negative lead extraction hole (182); The main body cover plate (180) is provided with mounting holes, and the main body cover plate (180) is installed on the outer reinforcement tube (110) through the installation holes, and the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120) and the thermal power generation tube (130) are guaranteed ), inner layer insulated heat pipe (140) sealed.
  • a sealing ring (190) is provided between the main body cover plate (
  • the thermal power generation tube (130) when the thermal power generation tube (130) is a plate-type thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes a lead-out hole ( 181) The positive output terminal (132) drawn out, the negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182), the plate positive (134) short-circuited with the positive output terminal (132), and all A plate-type negative electrode (135) short-circuited to the negative electrode output terminal (133); the inside of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) is evenly welded to the outer arc-shaped panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode is hot The outer side of the voltaic material (160) is welded to the inner arc-shaped panel of the plate-type positive electrode (134); the inner side of the negative-electrode thermal voltaic material (170) is evenly welded to the other arc of the outer side of the tubular hot-end conductor (131) On the panel, the outer side of
  • the thermal power generation tube (130) when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial parallel structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes a lead from the positive lead A positive output terminal (132) drawn from the hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and an axially parallel positive electrode (136) connected to the positive output terminal (132) short-circuited ), an axially parallel negative electrode (137) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); on a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) and the negative electrode
  • the inner side of the thermal voltaic material (170) is sequentially welded on the outer circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131) in a staggered and uniform manner, wherein the outer side of a positive thermal voltaic material (160) is welded on the axial parallel positive pole (136) Inside, the outside
  • the thermal power generation tube (130) when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial series structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes a lead from the positive lead A positive output terminal (132) drawn out from the hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and an axial series positive electrode (shorted to the positive output terminal (132)) 138), an axial series negative electrode (139) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) and the negative electrode
  • the thermal voltaic materials (170) are each arranged in a circular ring shape.
  • the circularly arranged positive thermal voltaic material (160) and negative thermal voltaic material ( 170) The inside is alternately welded on the outer circular panel of the tubular hot-end conductor (131) in sequence, and the alternately welded circular arrangement of the positive electrode thermal material (160) and the negative electrode thermal material (170) has the same number of turns ,
  • the outer side of the outermost positive thermovoltaic material is welded to the inside of the axial series positive electrode (138), the outermost outer side of the negative thermovoltaic material is welded to the inner side of the axial series negative electrode (139), and the middle is adjacent to the circle
  • the positive thermovoltaic material and the coil-shaped negative thermovoltaic material are arranged on the outside, and the ring-shaped pairs are welded to the inside of the same axial series short-circuit conductor (400); in the direction along the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor, one axial series short-circuit The inner side of the conductor
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device wherein the in-situ thermal power generator unit (100) further includes a main body docking interface (200) respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the inner-layer reinforced tube (150).
  • the length of the inner layer reinforcement tube (150) is greater than the length of the outer layer reinforcement tube (110).
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device wherein the outer-layer reinforced tube (110), the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (120), the thermal-voltaic power generation tube (130), the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (140) and the inner layer
  • the reinforcement tubes (150) are all cylindrical and cylindrical structures, and the adjacent interfaces are closely attached; the outer reinforcement tube (110), the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), and the inner insulation
  • the length of the heat pipe (140) is equal.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device wherein the outer layer reinforcement tube (110) and the inner layer reinforcement tube (150) are made of stainless steel material; the outer layer insulation heat conduction tube (120) and the inner layer Insulated heat pipes (140) are made of thermally conductive silica gel.
  • thermovoltaic material (160) is a P-type semiconductor material with Seebeck effect
  • negative thermovoltaic material (170) is an N-type semiconductor with Seebeck effect material
  • the cutting method is as follows:
  • the X-ray directional instrument and the X-ray powder diffractometer are used to accurately orient the large-scale lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material, and determine the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions;
  • the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the positive electrode of the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction Thermal cutting material;
  • the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction negative electrodes Thermal cutting material;
  • the positive thermal cutting material obtained in the second step is used as a positive thermal thermal material (160), and the negative thermal cutting material obtained in the third step is used as a negative thermal thermal material (170).
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device provided by the present invention has the characteristics of no noise, no pollution, and green environmental protection. Its simple structure, no mechanical device inside, long service life, simple and convenient maintenance; the in-situ thermal power generation of the present invention
  • the device includes several in-situ thermovoltaic power generation units connected in series, parallel or series-parallel connection.
  • the in-situ thermovoltaic power generation unit includes outer-layer reinforcement tubes, outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tubes, heat Volt-generating tube, inner-layer insulating heat-conducting tube and inner-layer reinforcing tube, inside the inner-layer reinforcing tube is a high-temperature fluid channel, and the thermovoltaic power-generating tube includes a cylindrical tube-shaped tube directly in contact with the inner-layer insulating heat-conducting tube Hot-end conductor and the positive and negative thermovoltaic materials arranged outside the tubular hot-end conductor; when the in-situ thermovoltaic power generation device is placed in a low-temperature environment and a high-temperature fluid is dissolved into the high-temperature fluid Channel, the in-situ thermal power generation device can convert the thermal energy of high-temperature underground fluid into electrical energy, thereby collecting wasted geothermal energy, providing more energy for society, and its energy conversion efficiency is higher.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of an in-situ thermal power generation unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the in-situ thermal power generation unit of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal power generation tube in the in-situ thermal power generation unit shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the main body cover of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the outer-layer reinforced pipe of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main body docking interface of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the inner-layer reinforced pipe of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a plate-type thermal power generating tube perpendicular to its axial direction.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of a plate-type thermal power generation tube cut along its axial direction.
  • thermovolt generator tube 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the thermovolt generator tube with an axial parallel structure.
  • Fig. 11 is a plan spreading diagram of a thermal parallel power generation tube with an axial parallel structure cut along its axial direction.
  • thermoelectric power generation tube 12 is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the thermoelectric power generation tube with an axial series structure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the axially connected thermoelectric power generation tube.
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view of the axially connected thermoelectric power generation tube cut along its axial direction.
  • 15 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of in-situ thermal power generation units connected in series.
  • 16 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of in-situ thermal power generation units connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of in-situ thermovoltaic power generation units connected in series and parallel.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the in-situ thermal power generation device of the present invention in use.
  • 100 in-situ thermal power generation unit; 110: outer reinforced tube; 1101: first fastening screw hole; 120: outer insulated heat conduction tube; 130: thermal volt generation tube; 131: tubular hot end conductor; 132: positive electrode Output terminal; 133: negative output terminal; 134: plate positive; 135: plate negative; 136: axial parallel positive; 137: axial parallel negative; 138: axial series positive; 139: axial series negative; 140: internal Insulated heat conduction tube; 150: inner reinforced tube; 151: second fastening screw hole; 160: positive thermovoltaic material; 170: negative thermovoltaic material; 180: main body cover plate; 181: positive lead wire extraction hole; 182: Negative conductor lead-out hole; 1801: first mounting hole; 190: sealing ring; 200: main body docking interface; 201: second mounting hole; 202: third mounting hole; 300: axial parallel short-circuit conductor; 400: axial series Short circuit conductor.
  • the present invention provides an in-situ thermal power generation device.
  • the present invention will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device includes a plurality of in-situ thermal power generation units 100 connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, the in-situ thermal power generation unit 100 It includes an outer layer reinforced tube 110, an outer layer insulated heat pipe 120, a thermal power generation tube 130, an inner layer insulated heat pipe 140 and an inner layer reinforced pipe 150, which are arranged in order from outside to inside.
  • thermovolt power generation tube includes a cylindrical tubular heat end conductor 131 in direct contact with the inner-layer insulated heat pipe 140, and a positive thermovoltaic material 160 provided outside the tubular heat end conductor 131 and A negative thermovolt material 170, the thermovolt power tube 130 is one of a plate-type thermovolt power tube, an axial parallel structure thermovolt power tube, or an axial series structure thermovolt power tube; the outer layer reinforcement tube ( 110).
  • the inner-layer reinforced tube (150) is made of a material with good thermal conductivity and compressive and tensile strength; the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (120) and the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (140) are made of insulated and well-heated Made of materials; the tubular hot end conductor (131) is made of a material with good electrical conductivity; when the in-situ thermal power generation unit is placed in a low-temperature environment and high-temperature fluid passes into the high-temperature fluid channel, the in-situ thermal power generation The device will output electrical energy.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation unit 100 further includes a main body cover plate 180 that is fixedly connected to both ends of the outer-layer reinforced tube 110, the main body A sealing ring 190 is provided between the cover plate 180 and the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110, the outer diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is the same as the outer diameter of the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110, and the inner diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is greater than the inner layer
  • the main body cover plate 180 is provided with a positive lead lead-out hole 181 and a negative lead lead-out hole 182.
  • the main body cover plate 180 is provided with an installation hole, and the main body cover plate 180 is installed on the outer reinforcement tube 110 through the installation hole, and the outer insulation heat conduction tube 120, the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner insulation heat conduction tube 140 are sealed .
  • the main body cover plate 180 is a circular ring structure made of high-strength material, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner layer reinforcement tube 150, so that the main body cover plate 180 It can just pass through the outer side of the inner reinforcement tube, and the outer diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is the same as the outer diameter of the outer reinforcement tube 110.
  • the main body cover plate 180 is provided with a first mounting hole 1801
  • the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110 is provided with a first fastening screw hole 1101 corresponding to the first mounting hole.
  • the first mounting hole 1801 and the first fastening screw hole 1101 can fix the main body cover plate 180 on the outer reinforcement tube 110.
  • the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110 is made of a high-strength heat-conducting material, and is the outermost structure of the in-situ thermal power generation unit. More preferably, the main body cover plate 180 is uniformly provided with six first mounting holes 1801, and the outer reinforcement tube 110 is correspondingly provided with six first fastening screw holes 1101.
  • the position of the positive electrode lead-out hole 181 on the main body cover plate 180 corresponds to the position of the positive output terminal 132 on the thermal power generation tube 130, and the positive output terminal 132 on the thermal power generation tube 130 is additionally provided with an insulating sealing rubber ring After passing through the positive lead extraction hole 181, the positive output terminal 132 is led out of the in-situ thermal power generation unit 100, and is insulated and sealed from the main body cover plate 180.
  • the position of the negative lead lead-out hole 182 on the main body cover plate corresponds to the position of the negative output terminal 133 on the thermovolt power generation tube 130, after the negative output terminal 133 on the thermovolt power generation tube is added with an insulating sealing rubber ring Through the negative electrode lead-out hole 182, the negative electrode output terminal 133 is led out of the in-situ thermal power generation unit 100, and is insulated and sealed from the main body cover plate 180.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation unit has a tubular structure as a whole, which can realize the function of geothermal liquid transmission and convert the thermal energy of high-temperature geothermal liquid into electrical energy.
  • the main body cover plate 180 and the main body cover plate The sealing ring 190 between 180 and the outer reinforced tube 110 can seal the in-situ thermal power generation unit.
  • the outer-layer reinforced tube 110, the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120, the thermovoltaic power generation tube 130, the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 140, and the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 are all cylindrical and cylindrical structures. The adjacent interface is closely attached to each other.
  • the outer reinforcement tube 110, the outer insulation heat conduction tube 120, the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner insulation heat conduction tube 140 have the same length, and the inner reinforcement tube 150 is longer than the outer reinforcement
  • the length of the tube 110; the outer-layer reinforced tube 110 and the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 are both made of stainless steel material, and the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120 and the inner-layer insulating heat-conducting tube 140 are both made of thermally conductive silica gel.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation unit 100 further includes a main body docking interface 200 fixedly connected to both ends of the inner-layer reinforced tube 150.
  • the main body docking interface 200 is used to inject high-temperature fluid into the in-situ thermal power generation unit, and the two main body docking interfaces at both ends of the inner reinforced tube 150, one of which serves as a high temperature
  • the inflow end of the fluid the other as the outflow end of the high-temperature fluid.
  • the high-temperature fluid may be underground petroleum or underground high-temperature hot springs.
  • the main body docking interface 200 is a circular ring structure made of high-strength material, and its inner diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the inner reinforcement tube 150.
  • the main body docking interface 200 is provided with a set of second mounting holes 201 and a set of third mounting holes 202, and the inner reinforcement tube 150 is provided with a second tightening corresponding to the second mounting holes
  • a screw hole 151 is fixed through the second mounting hole 201 and the second fastening screw hole 151 to fix the main body docking interface 200 on the inner reinforcement tube 150.
  • the A sealing rubber pad may also be provided between the main body docking interface 200 and the inner reinforcement tube 150.
  • the adjacent in-situ thermal power generation units are fixedly connected through the third mounting holes 202 so that the high-temperature channels of the adjacent in-situ thermal power generation units communicate.
  • the second mounting holes 201 are evenly distributed inside the circular main body docking interface 200
  • the third mounting holes 202 are evenly distributed outside the round main body docking interface 200, the There are six second and third mounting holes.
  • the inner-layer reinforcing tube 150 is disposed at the innermost side of the in-situ thermal power generation unit, the inner-layer reinforcing tube 150 is made of a high-strength thermal conductive material, and the inner-layer reinforcing The tube 150 is closely attached to the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube, and its outer diameter is the same as the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube.
  • the length of the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 is greater than the length of the outer-layer reinforced tube 110.
  • Six second fastening screw holes 151 corresponding to the second mounting holes 201 are uniformly provided on the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150, and the inside of the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150 is a high-temperature fluid channel.
  • the outer-layer insulated heat pipe 120 and the inner-layer insulated heat pipe 140 are both made of thermally conductive silica gel.
  • the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120 is located between the outer-layer reinforced tube 110 and the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 140 is located between the thermal-volt generation tube 130 and the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150.
  • the thermal power generation tube 130 when the thermal power generation tube 130 is a plate-type thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube 130 further includes a lead-out hole 181 drawn out from the positive lead The positive output terminal 132, the negative output terminal 133 led out from the negative lead extraction hole 182, the plate positive 134 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132, and the plate negative 135 short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133;
  • the inner side of the positive thermovoltaic material is evenly welded to the outer arc panel of the tubular hot end conductor 131, and the outer side of the positive thermovoltaic material 160 is welded to the inner arc panel of the plate-type positive electrode 134; the negative electrode
  • the inner side of the thermal voltaic material 170 is evenly welded to another arc-shaped panel outside the tubular hot end conductor 131, and the outer side of the negative voltaic material 170 is welded to the inner arc-shaped panel of the plate-type negative electrode 135, the plate-shaped positive electrode
  • the inner diameter of the tubular hot-end conductor 131 is equal to the outer diameter of the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube.
  • the tubular hot-end conductor 131 is made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, iron, etc.
  • the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are both parallel materials.
  • thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are distributed in On the upper and lower semicircles of the cross section, if the tubular hot end conductor 131 is cut axially at the junction of the positive thermal material 160 and the negative thermal material 170 and the tubular thermal end conductor 131 is expanded into a plane, the positive thermal material
  • FIG. 9 The distribution of the material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 on the tubular hot-end conductor is shown in FIG. 9. As can be seen from FIG.
  • the length is L and the width is ⁇ D3, where D3 is The outer diameter of the tubular hot end conductor, the inner side of the positive thermal material 160 is n rows and m rows uniformly welded to the upper portion of the expanded tubular hot end conductor 131, and the inner side of the negative thermal material 170 is n rows and m rows Evenly welded to the lower portion of the expanded tubular hot end conductor 131, the outer side of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material is welded to the plate positive electrode 134; the outer side of the negative electrode material is welded to the plate negative electrode 135; the plate positive electrode 134 is A whole piece of metal conductor material, the outer side of which is close to the inner side of the outer insulating heat conduction tube 120, and the inner side of the plate-type positive electrode 134 is welded with all positive-electrode thermal voltaic materials 160.
  • the length of the plate-type positive electrode 134 is L, and the width is slightly less than 0.5 ⁇ D3;
  • the positive electrode is short-circuited to the positive electrode output terminals 132 at both ends.
  • the material of the plate-type positive electrode 134 is preferably copper;
  • the plate-type negative electrode 135 is a whole piece of metal conductor material, and the outside is close to the inside of the outer insulating heat conduction tube 120.
  • Heat voltaic material 170 is welded, the length of the plate negative electrode 135 is L, and the width is slightly less than 0.5 ⁇ D3, the plate negative electrode 135 is short-circuited with the negative output terminals 133 at both ends, the plate negative electrode 135 is preferably copper; the plate positive electrode 134 is insulated from the plate-type negative electrode 135.
  • the thermal power generating tube 130 when the thermal power generating tube 130 is an axial parallel structure thermal power generating tube, the thermal power generating tube 130 further includes a lead-out hole from the positive lead A positive output terminal 132 drawn out from 181, a negative output terminal 133 drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole 182, an axially parallel positive electrode 136 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132, and a shaft short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133 In parallel to the negative electrode 137; in a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, the inside of the positive thermal material 160 and the negative thermal material 170 are sequentially welded on the outside of the tubular hot end conductor 131 On the circular panel, the outside of one positive thermal material 160 is welded inside the axial parallel positive electrode 136, and the outside of the remaining positive thermal material 160 is welded inside the axial parallel short-circuit conductor 300, of which one negative electrode The outer side of the volt material 170 is welded inside the
  • the outer side is welded on the inner arc-shaped panel of the same axial parallel short-circuit conductor 300; the adjacent axial parallel short-circuit conductor 300 is insulated and arranged, the axial parallel positive electrode 136, the axial parallel negative electrode 137 and the axial parallel short circuit conductor 300 are insulated between the three; all thermovoltaic materials parallel to the axis of the thermovoltaic tube 130 have the same properties, either all are positive thermovoltaic material 160, or all are negative thermovoltaic material 170; all parallel to the heat
  • the axial conductors of the volt tube 130 are of the same type, either all are axially parallel positive electrodes 136, or all are axially parallel negative electrodes 137, or all are axially parallel short-circuit conductors 300.
  • the negative electrode thermal voltaic material 170 welded to the axial parallel negative electrode 137 and the positive electrode thermal voltaic material 160 welded to the axial parallel positive electrode 136 Adjacent, if the tubular thermal end conductor is cut along its axis from the negative thermal material 170 welded to the axially parallel negative electrode 137 and the positive thermal material 160 welded to the axially parallel positive electrode 136 Expanded into a plane, the distribution of the positive thermovoltaic material and the negative thermovoltaic material on the tubular hot end conductor 131 is shown in FIG.
  • thermovoltaic materials of the same nature are arranged; in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the positive thermovoltaic material and the negative thermovoltaic material are alternately distributed in pairs.
  • thermovolt generator tube 130 when the thermovolt generator tube 130 is an axial series structure thermovolt generator tube, the thermovolt generator tube 130 further includes The positive output terminal 132 drawn out from the lead-out hole 181, the negative output terminal 133 drawn out from the negative lead-out hole 182, and the axial series positive electrode 138 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132 are short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133
  • the axially connected negative electrode 139 is connected in series; in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, the positive electrode thermal voltaic material 160 and the negative electrode thermal voltaic material 170 are each arranged in a circular ring shape.
  • the inside of the circularly arranged positive thermal material 160 and the negative thermal material 170 are alternately welded on the outer circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor 131 in sequence, and the alternately welded circular arrangement
  • the number of positive thermovoltaic materials 160 and negative thermovoltaic materials 170 are equal.
  • the outermost circle of the positive thermovoltaic material is welded to the inside of the axial series positive electrode 138, and the outermost coil of the negative thermovoltaic material is connected to the axial series negative electrode.
  • the circle 139 is welded on the inside, the positive heat material adjacent to the circle arranged in the middle and the negative heat material arranged on the circle are outside, the circle is welded in pairs with the same axial series short-circuit conductor 400; in the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor In the direction of an axis, the inside of an axial series short-circuit conductor 400 is welded to the outside of the adjacent circle of negative thermal material 170 and the outside of a circle of positive thermal material 160;
  • the axial series positive electrode 138, the axial series negative electrode 139, and the axial series short circuit conductor 400 are all insulated; the axial series positive electrode 138, the axial series negative electrode 139, and the axial series short circuit conductor 400 are all conductive Good material.
  • the axial series-connected thermovolt generator tubes use thermovoltaic materials of the same property to be alternately distributed in the axial direction of the tubular hot-end conductor 131.
  • Both the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are inside Welded to the tubular hot end conductor, the outer side of the positive thermal material 160 is welded to the axial series positive electrode 138 or the axial series short-circuit conductor 400; the outer side of the negative thermal material 170 is welded to the axial series negative electrode 139 or axial series On the short-circuit conductor 400; the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are arranged in a ring shape, and the rounded array of the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 have the same number of turns and are spaced apart Distribution, that is, adjacent circles are thermal materials with different properties.
  • the axial series negative electrode 139 and the axial series positive electrode 138 are distributed at both ends of the in-situ thermal power generation unit; the axial series positive electrode 138 has an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the outer insulating heat conduction tube and
  • the ring structure of the insulated heat conduction tube is made of metal conductive material, preferably copper; the inner side of the axial series positive electrode is welded to the outer side of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material, its width is equal to the positive electrode thermal voltaic material, and it is short-circuited with the positive electrode output terminal
  • the axial series negative electrode 139 is a ring-shaped structure with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the outer insulated heat conducting tube and closely attached to the outer insulated heat conducting tube, and is composed of a metal conductive material, preferably copper; the inner side of the axial series negative electrode and the negative electrode The outer side of the thermal voltaic material is welded, its width is equal to that of the negative voltaic material, and it is
  • the tubular hot end conductor is axially cut and unfolded into a plane from the anode thermal voltaic material 170 welded to the axially-connected negative electrode 139 and the anode thermal voltaic material 160 welded to the axially-connected positive electrode 138, and its structure is as follows As shown in FIG.
  • the axial series short-circuit conductor 400 is a ring-shaped structure whose outer diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the outer insulated heat conducting tube, and the outer side is in close contact with the outer insulated heat conducting tube, and is composed of a metal conductive material, preferably copper;
  • the inside of the series short-circuit conductor 400 is welded with two turns of thermal voltaic material, one circle of positive thermal voltaic material, and one circle of negative thermal voltaic material.
  • the large-sized lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material disclosed in the invention patent CN201810246390 are cut.
  • the cutting method is as follows:
  • the X-ray directional instrument and the X-ray powder diffractometer are used to accurately orient the large-scale lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material, and determine the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions;
  • the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the positive electrode of the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction Thermal cutting material;
  • the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction negative electrodes Thermal cutting material;
  • the positive thermal cutting material obtained in the second step is used as the positive thermal thermal material 160, and the negative thermal cutting material obtained in the third step is used as the negative thermal thermal material 170.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device when the in-situ thermal power generation device is composed of multiple in-situ thermal power generation units connected in series, as shown in FIG. 15, at this time, the positive electrode of the in-situ thermal power generation unit outputs The terminal is short-circuited to the negative output terminal of the adjacent in-situ thermal power generation unit, and the negative output terminal of the in-situ thermal power generation unit is short-circuited to the positive output terminal of the adjacent in-situ thermal power generation unit.
  • one end of the un-shorted positive output terminal of the in-situ thermal power generation unit serves as the positive electrode of the in-situ thermal power generation device;
  • the negative output terminal serves as the negative electrode of the in-situ thermal power generation device.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device when the in-situ thermal power generation device is composed of multiple in-situ thermal power generation units connected in parallel, as shown in FIG. 16, at this time, the positive poles of all in-situ thermal power generation units The output terminal is short-circuited, and the positive output terminal is short-circuited to form the positive electrode of the in-situ thermal power generation device; the negative output terminals of all in-situ thermoelectric power generation units are short-circuited, and the negative output terminal is short-circuited to form the negative electrode of the in-situ thermal power generation device .
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device when the in-situ thermal power generation device is a series-parallel combination of multiple in-situ thermal power generation units, as shown in FIG. 17, at this time, it is assumed that the in-situ thermal power generation device n ⁇ m in-situ thermal power generation units, first n in-situ thermal power generation units form m sets of parallel in-situ thermal power generating units, and m sets of parallel in-situ thermal power generating units are connected in series Connected to form an in-situ thermal power generation device in series-parallel connection.
  • the in situ thermal power generation device provided by the present invention is inserted into the ground, so that the underground high temperature fluid is connected to the high temperature fluid channel of the in situ thermal power generation device, and the underground high temperature fluid flows through In-situ thermal power generation unit, the in-situ thermal power generation device can output electrical energy.
  • the in-situ thermal power generation device provided by the present invention has the characteristics of no noise, no pollution, and green environmental protection. Its simple structure, no mechanical devices inside, long service life, simple and convenient maintenance;
  • the volt power generation device includes a plurality of in-situ thermal volt power generation units connected in series, parallel or series-parallel connection.
  • the in-situ thermal volt power generation unit includes an outer-layer reinforced tube and an outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube that are sequentially arranged from outside to inside , Thermovolt power generation tube, inner insulation heat conduction tube and inner reinforcement tube, the inner reinforcement tube inside is an underground high-temperature liquid channel, the thermovolt power generation tube includes a cylindrical cylinder directly in contact with the inner insulation heat conduction tube Tube-shaped hot end conductor and positive and negative thermal voltaic materials provided outside the tubular hot end conductor; when the in-situ thermal voltaic power generation device is placed in a low-temperature environment and high-temperature fluid is dissolved into the In the high-temperature fluid channel, the in-situ thermal power generation device can convert the thermal energy of the underground high-temperature fluid into electrical energy, thereby collecting wasted geothermal energy, providing more energy for society, and having higher energy conversion efficiency.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种原位热伏发电装置，其包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电单元（100），所述原位热伏发电机单元（100）包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管（110）、外层绝缘导热管（120）、热伏发电管（130）、内层绝缘导热管（140）以及内层加固管（150），所述内层加固管（150）内部为高温流体通道，所述热伏发电管（130）包括与所述内层绝缘导热管（140）直接接触的管状热端导体（131）以及设置在所述管状热端导体（131）外侧的正极热伏材料（160）和负极热伏材料（170）；当所述原位热伏发电机单元放置于低温环境中，并有高温流体通入高温流体通道时，所述原位热伏发电装置将输出电能。

Description

一种原位热伏发电装置 技术领域
本发明涉及热伏发电机领域，尤其涉及一种原位热伏发电装置。
背景技术
在自然界中，温差无处不在，从季节变化的四季温差、昼夜温差，地表与地层下的温差等，这些温差蕴藏着巨大的能量，有待于开发和利用。
目前国内还存在许多地方长期缺少甚至没有电力供给，在这些无电区域用电难就成了亟需解决的问题，但是架设发电机组对于人口低密度聚集区而言又存在成本过大无法实现的现状。
温差发电是一种将热能直接转换为电能的技术，其具有结构简单、无污染、无噪音、无运动部件、寿命长、免维护等优点，可应用于自然热能的利用、余热回收、工业节能以及生活电器等领域。申请号为201711032809.2的专利公开了一种基于平板热管的温差发电模块及其构成的热管循环余热温差发电系统，其具体公开了多孔平行流扁管与温差发电片和散热肋片紧密贴合，与风扇封装为一体，构成标准化温差发电模块，根据废热散热量灵活地选取温差发电模块，并与余热管道内换热器构成环路热管，在温差发电片两侧形成稳定的温差，增大了发电规模，但是其发电模块能量转化效率低，并且结构较复杂。
因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种原位热伏发电装置，旨在解决现有热伏发电装置结构复杂以及能量转化效率较低的问题。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种原位热伏发电装置，其中，包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电机单元(100)，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)以及内层加固管(150)，所述内层加固管(150)内部为高温流体通道，所述热伏发电管包括与所述内层绝缘导热管(140)直接接触的管状热端导体(131)以及设置在所述管状热端导体(131)外侧的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)，所述热伏发电管(130)为板式结构热伏发电管、轴向并联结构热伏发电管或轴向串联结构热伏发电管中的一种；所述外层加固管(110)、内 层加固管(150)由导热良好且抗压、抗拉能力良好的材料制作；所述外层绝缘导热管(120)、内层绝缘导热管(140)由绝缘且导热良好的材料制作；管状热端导体(131)由导电良好的材料制作；当所述原位热伏发电机单元放置于低温环境中，并将高温流体通入高温流体通道时，所述原位热伏发电装置输出电能。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)还包括与所述外层加固管(110)两端固定连接的主体盖板(180)，所述主体盖板(180)与所述外层加固管(110)之间设置有密封圈(190)，所述主体盖板(180)的外径与外层加固管(110)的外径相同，所述主体盖板(180)的内径大于内层加固管(150)的外径，所述主体盖板(180)上设置有正极导线引出孔(181)和负极导线引出孔(182)；所述主体盖板(180)上设置有安装孔，通过安装孔将主体盖板(180)安装在外层加固管(110)上，并保证外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)密封。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，当所述热伏发电管(130)为板式结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔(182)引出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的板式正极(134)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的板式负极(135)；所述正极热伏材料(160)的内侧均匀焊接在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧弧形面板上，所述正极热伏材料(160)的外侧则焊接在所述板式正极(134)内侧弧形面板上；所述负极热伏材料(170)的内侧均匀焊接在管状热端导体(131)的外侧另一弧形面板上，所述负极热伏材料(170)的外侧则焊接在板式负极(135)的内侧弧形面板上，所述板式正极(134)与板式负极(135)之间绝缘设置；所述板式正极(134)与板式负极(135)均为导电良好的材料。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，当所述热伏发电管(130)为轴向并联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔(182)引出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的轴向并联正极(136)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的轴向并联负极(137)；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向方向的截面上，所述正极热伏材料(160)与负极热伏材料(170)的内侧依次交错均匀地焊接在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧圆形面板上，其中，一个正极热伏材料(160)的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联正极(136)内侧，剩余正极热伏材料(160)的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体(300)内侧，其中，一个负极热伏材料(170)的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联负极(137)内侧，剩余负 极热伏材料(170)的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体(300)内侧；轴向并联正极(136)与轴向并联负极(137)相邻；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向方向的截面上，从轴向并联正极(136)顺时针方向相邻的负极热伏材料(170)开始，互为相邻的负极热伏材料(170)和正极热伏材料(160)的外侧焊接在同一个轴向并联短路导体(300)的内侧弧形面板上；相邻轴向并联短路导体(300)之间绝缘设置，所述轴向并联正极(136)、轴向并联负极(137)以及轴向并联短路导体(300)三者之间均绝缘设置；所述轴向并联正极(136)、轴向并联负极(137)以及轴向并联短路导体(300)均为导电良好的材料；所有平行于热伏发电管(130)轴向的热伏材料具有相同的属性，要么都为正极热伏材料(160)，要么都为负极热伏材料(170)；所有平行于热伏发电管(130)轴向的导体具有相同的类型，要么都为轴向并联正极(136)，要么都为轴向并联负极(137)，要么都为轴向并联短路导体(300)。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，当所述热伏发电管(130)为轴向串联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔引(182)出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的轴向串联正极(138)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的轴向串联负极(139)；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向的方向上，所述正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)各自均呈圆环状排列，在沿管状热端导体(131)的轴向方向上，所述呈圆环状排列的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)内侧依次交替焊接在在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧圆形面板上，交替焊接的圆环状排列的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)圈数相等，最外一圈正极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联正极(138)内侧焊接，最外一圈负极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联负极(139)内侧焊接，中间相邻圈状排列的正极热伏材料和圈状排列的负极热伏材料外侧，圈状成对与同一个轴向串联短路导体(400)内侧焊接；在沿管状热端导体轴向的方向上，一个轴向串联短路导体(400)内侧与相邻的一圈负极热伏材料(170)和一圈正极热伏材料(160)外侧焊接在一起；相邻轴向串联短路导体(400)之间绝缘设置，所述轴向串联正极(138)、轴向串联负极(139)以及轴向串联短路导体(400)三者之间均绝缘设置；所述轴向串联正极(138)、轴向串联负极(139)以及轴向串联短路导体(400)均为导电良好的材料。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)还包括与所述内层加固管(150)两端分别固定连接的主体对接接口(200)，所述内层加固管(150)的长度大于外层加固管(110)的长度。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，所述外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)以及内层加固管(150)均为圆柱筒状结构，相邻交界面紧密相贴；所述外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)长度相等。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，所述外层加固管(110)以及内层加固管(150)均由不锈钢材料制备而成；所述外层绝缘导热管(120)和内层绝缘导热管(140)均由导热硅胶制备而成。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，所述正极热伏材料(160)为具有塞贝克效应的P型半导体材料，所述负极热伏材料(170)为具有塞贝克效应的N型半导体材料。
所述的原位热伏发电装置，其中，对大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行切割，切割方法如下：
第一步，通过X射线定向仪和X射线粉末衍射仪，分别对大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行精确定向，确定(100)和(111)晶面方向；
第二步，在第一步正极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向正极热伏切割材料；
第三步，在第一步负极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向负极热伏切割材料；
以第二步得到的正极热伏切割材料作为正极热伏材料(160)，以第三步得到的负极热伏切割材料作为负极热伏材料(170)。
有益效果：本发明提供的原位热伏发电装置具有无噪音、无污染、绿色环保的特点，其结构简单，内部不含机械装置，使用寿命长，维护简单方便；本发明原位热伏发电装置包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电单元，所述原位热伏发电单元包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管、外层绝缘导热管、热伏发电管、内层绝缘导热管以及内层加固管，所述内层加固管内部为高温流体通道，所述热伏发电管包括与所述内层绝缘导热管直接接触的圆柱筒状的管状热端导体以及设置在所述管状热端导体外侧的正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料；当将所述原位热伏发电装置放置于低温环境中，并将高温流体溶入所述高温流体通道，所述原位热伏发电装置可将地下高温流体的热能转换为电能，从而收集浪费的地热能，为社会提供更多的能源，并且其能量转化效率较高。
附图说明
图1为本发明原位热伏发电单元较佳实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本发明原位热伏发电单元的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图3为本发明图1所示原位热伏发电单元中的热伏发电管的结构示意图。
图4为本发明主体盖板的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图5为本发明外层加固管的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图6为本发明主体对接接口的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图7为本发明内层加固管的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图8为板式结构热伏发电管的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图9为板式结构热伏发电管沿其轴向方向切开后的平面铺展图。
图10为轴向并联结构热伏发电管的垂直于其轴向方向的截面结构示意图。
图11为轴向并联结构热伏发电管沿其轴向方向切开后的平面铺展图。
图12为轴向串联结构热伏发电管的垂直于其轴向方向的第一截面结构示意图。
图13为轴向串联结构热伏发电管的垂直于其轴向方向的第二截面结构示意图。
图14为轴向串联结构热伏发电管沿其轴向方向切开后的平面铺展图。
图15为多个原位热伏发电单元串联组合时的结构示意图。
图16为多个原位热伏发电单元并联组合时的结构示意图。
图17为多个原位热伏发电单元串并联组合时的结构示意图。
图18为本发明原位热伏发电装置在使用过程中的示意图。
100：原位热伏发电单元；110：外层加固管；1101：第一紧固螺孔；120：外层绝缘导热管；130：热伏发电管；131：管状热端导体；132：正极输出端子；133：负极输出端子；134：板式正极；135：板式负极；136：轴向并联正极；137：轴向并联负极；138：轴向串联正极；139：轴向串联负极；140：内层绝缘导热管；150：内层加固管；151：第二紧固螺孔；160：正极热伏材料；170：负极热伏材料；180：主体盖板；181：正极导线引出孔；182：负极导线引出孔；1801：第一安装孔；190：密封圈；200：主体对接接口；201：第二安装孔；202：第三安装孔；300：轴向并联短路导体；400：轴向串联短路导体。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种原位热伏发电装置，为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
请结合图1至图3所示，本发明提供的原位热伏发电装置包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电单元100，所述原位热伏发电单元100包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管110、外层绝缘导热管120、热伏发电管130、内层绝缘导热管140以及内层加固管150，所述内层加固管150内部为高温流体通道，所述热伏发电管包括与所述内层绝缘导热管140直接接触的圆柱筒状的管状热端导体131以及设置在所述管状热端导体131外侧的正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170，所述热伏发电管130为板式结构热伏发电管、轴向并联结构热伏发电管或轴向串联结构热伏发电管中的一种；所述外层加固管(110)、内层加固管(150)由导热良好且抗压、抗拉能力良好的材料制作；所述外层绝缘导热管(120)、内层绝缘导热管(140)由绝缘且导热良好的材料制作；管状热端导体(131)由导电良好的材料制作；当所述原位热伏发电单元放置于低温环境中，并有高温流体通入高温流体通道时，所述原位热伏发电装置将输出电能。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图1和图4所示，所述原位热伏发电单元100还包括与所述外层加固管110两端固定连接的主体盖板180，所述主体盖板180与所述外层加固管110之间设置有密封圈190，所述主体盖板180的外径与外层加固管110的外径相同，所述主体盖板180的内径大于内层加固管150的外径，所述主体盖板180上设置有正极导线引出孔181和负极导线引出孔182。所述主体盖板180上设置有安装孔，通过安装孔将主体盖板180安装在外层加固管110上，并保证外层绝缘导热管120、热伏发电管130、内层绝缘导热管140密封。
具体来讲，如图1、图4以及图5所示，所述主体盖板180为高强度材料制作的圆环形结构，其内径比内层加固管150外径稍大，使得主体盖板180可刚好穿过内层加固管外侧，所述主体盖板180的外径与外层加固管110的外径相同。优选的，所述主体盖板180上设置有第一安装孔1801，所述外层加固管110上设置有与所述第一安装孔对应的第一紧固螺孔1101，通过螺钉穿过所述第一安装孔1801和第一紧固螺孔1101可实现将主体盖板180固定在外层加固管110上。所述外层加固管110由高强度的导热材料制备而成，为原位热伏发电单元的最外层结构。更优选的，所述主体盖板180均匀地设置有6个第一安装孔1801，所述外层加固管110上相应的设置有6个第一紧固螺孔1101。
优选的，所述主体盖板180上的正极导线引出孔181位置与热伏发电管130上的正极输出端子132位置对应，所述热伏发电管130上的正极输出端子132 外加绝缘密封胶圈后穿过所述正极导线引出孔181，将正极输出端子132引出原位热伏发电单元100，并与主体盖板180绝缘且密封。相应的，所述主体盖板上的负极导线引出孔182的位置与热伏发电管130上的负极输出端子133位置对应，所述热伏发电管上的负极输出端子133外加绝缘密封胶圈后穿过所述负极导线引出孔182，将负极输出端子133引出原位热伏发电单元100，并与主体盖板180绝缘且密封。
在本实施例中，所述原位热伏发电单元整体为管状结构，可实现地热液体传输功能以及将高温地热液体的热能转换为电能，所述主体盖板180以及设置在所述主体盖板180与外层加固管110之间的密封圈190，可实现对原位热伏发电单元进行密封。
在一种优选的实施方式中，所述外层加固管110、外层绝缘导热管120、热伏发电管130、内层绝缘导热管140以及内层加固管150均为圆柱筒状结构，相邻交界面紧密相贴，所述外层加固管110、外层绝缘导热管120、热伏发电管130、内层绝缘导热管140长度相等，所述内层加固管150的长度大于外层加固管110的长度；所述外层加固管110以及内层加固管150均由不锈钢材料制备而成，所述外层绝缘导热管120和内层绝缘导热管140均由导热硅胶制备而成。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图1和图6所示，所述原位热伏发电单元100还包括与所述内层加固管150两端分别固定连接的主体对接接口200。
具体来讲，如图6和图7所示，所述主体对接接口200用于给原位热伏发电单元注入高温流体，位于内层加固管150两端的两个主体对接接口，其中一个作为高温流体的流入端，另一个作为高温流体的流出端。优选的，所述高温流体可以是地下石油或地下高温温泉等。所述主体对接接口200为采用高强度材料制作的圆环形结构，其内径与内层加固管150内径相同。优选的，所述主体对接接口200上设置有一组第二安装孔201和一组第三安装孔202，所述内层加固管150上设置有与所述第二安装孔相对应的第二紧固螺孔151，通过螺钉穿过所述第二安装孔201和所述第二紧固螺孔151可实现将主体对接接口200固定在所述内层加固管150上，更优选的，所述主体对接接口200与内层加固管150之间还可设置密封胶垫。优选的，相邻的原位热伏发电单元通过所述第三安装孔202固定连接，使得相邻原位热伏发电单元的高温通道连通。如图6所示，所述第二安装孔201均匀地分布在圆环形主体对接接口200的内侧，所述第三安装孔202均匀地分布在圆环形主体对接接口200的外侧，所述第二安装孔和第三安装孔均设置有6个。
如图2和图7所示，所述内层加固管150设置在原位热伏发电单元的最内侧， 所述内层加固管150由高强度的导热材料制备而成，所述内层加固管150紧贴内层绝缘导热管，其外径与内层绝缘导热管内径相同，所述内层加固管150的长度大于外层加固管110的长度，长出的部分便于相邻原位热伏发电单元连接时主体对接接口200之间的紧固操作以及正、负极输出端子的连接操作。所述内层加固管150上均匀地设置有6个与所述第二安装孔201相对应的第二紧固螺孔151，所述内层加固管150的内部为高温流体通道。
在一种优选的实施方式中，所述外层绝缘导热管120和内层绝缘导热管140均采用导热硅胶制备而成。所述外层绝缘导热管120位于外层加固管110和热伏发电管130之间，所述内层绝缘导热管140位于热伏发电管130与内层加固管150之间。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图8所示，当所述热伏发电管130为板式结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管130还包括从所述正极导线引出孔181引出的正极输出端子132，从所述负极导线引出孔182引出的负极输出端子133，与所述正极输出端子132短路连接的板式正极134，与所述负极输出端子133短路连接的板式负极135；所述正极热伏材料的内侧均匀焊接在所述管状热端导体131的外侧弧形面板上，所述正极热伏材料160的外侧则焊接在所述板式正极134内侧弧形面板上；所述负极热伏材料170的内侧均匀焊接在管状热端导体131的外侧另一弧形面板上，所述负极热伏材料170的外侧则焊接在板式负极135的内侧弧形面板上，所述板式正极134与板式负极135之间绝缘设置；所述板式正极134与板式负极135均为导电良好的材料。
本实施例中，所述管状热端导体131的内径等于内层绝缘导热管的外径，所述管状热端导体131采用导电性能良好的金属材料制备而成，例如铜、铝、铁等。所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170均为两面平行的材料，从垂直于热伏发电单元轴向的截面来看，所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170分别分布在截面的上下两个半圆上，如果在正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170交界处将管状热端导体131轴向切开并将管状热端导体131展开成一个平面，所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170在管状热端导体上的分布则如图9所示，从图9可以看出，管状热端导体131展开后，长度为L，宽度为πD3，其中，D3为管状热端导体的外径，所述正极热伏材料160的内侧呈n排m列均匀焊接在展开后的管状热端导体131上部分，所述负极热伏材料170的内侧呈n排m列均匀焊接在展开后的管状热端导体131下部分，所述正极热伏材料的外侧则焊接在板式正极134上；所述负极材料的外侧则焊接在板式负极135上；所述板式正极134为一整块金属导体材料，其外侧紧贴外层绝缘导热管120内侧，板式正极134 内侧与所有正极热伏材料160焊接，所述板式正极134展开后长度为L，宽度略小于0.5πD3；板式正极与两端的正极输出端子132短路连接，所述板式正极134材料优选为铜；板式负极135为一整块金属导体材料，外侧紧贴外层绝缘导热管120内侧，板式负极135内侧与所有负极热伏材料170焊接，所述板式负极135展开后长度为L，宽度略小于0.5πD3，板式负极135与两端的负极输出端子133短路连接，所述板式负极135材料优选为铜；所述板式正极134与板式负极135之间绝缘设置。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图10所示，当所述热伏发电管130为轴向并联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管130还包括从所述正极导线引出孔181引出的正极输出端子132，从所述负极导线引出孔182引出的负极输出端子133，与所述正极输出端子132短路连接的轴向并联正极136，与所述负极输出端子133短路连接的轴向并联负极137；在垂直于管状热端导体131轴向方向的截面上，所述正极热伏材料160与负极热伏材料170的内侧依次交错均匀地焊接在所述管状热端导体131的外侧圆形面板上，其中，一个正极热伏材料160的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联正极136内侧，剩余正极热伏材料160的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体300内侧，其中，一个负极热伏材料170的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联负极137内侧，剩余负极热伏材料170的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体300内侧；轴向并联正极136与轴向并联负极137相邻；在垂直于管状热端导体131轴向方向的截面上，从轴向并联正极136顺时针方向相邻的负极热伏材料170开始，互为相邻的负极热伏材料170和正极热伏材料160的外侧焊接在同一个轴向并联短路导体300的内侧弧形面板上；相邻轴向并联短路导体300之间绝缘设置，所述轴向并联正极136、轴向并联负极137以及轴向并联短路导体300三者之间均绝缘设置；所有平行于热伏发电管130轴向的热伏材料具有相同的属性，要么都为正极热伏材料160，要么都为负极热伏材料170；所有平行于热伏发电管130轴向的导体具有相同的类型，要么都为轴向并联正极136，要么都为轴向并联负极137，要么都为轴向并联短路导体300。
本实施例中，在垂直于管状热端导体131的轴向截面上，所述焊接到轴向并联负极137上的负极热伏材料170与焊接到轴向并联正极136上的正极热伏材料160相邻，如果从焊接到轴向并联负极137上的负极热伏材料170与焊接到轴向并联正极136上的正极热伏材料160之间将所述管状热端导体沿其轴向切开并展开成一个平面，则正极热伏材料与负极热伏材料在管状热端导体131上的分布如图11所示：所述管状热端导体131展开后，长度为L，宽度为πD3，在与轴向平行的方向上，排列相同性质的热伏材料；在与轴向垂直的方向上，正极热伏材料 与负极热伏材料成对交错分布。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图12-图14所示，当所述热伏发电管130为轴向串联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管130还包括从所述正极导线引出孔181引出的正极输出端子132，从所述负极导线引出孔182引出的负极输出端子133，与所述正极输出端子132短路连接的轴向串联正极138，与所述负极输出端子133短路连接的轴向串联负极139；在垂直于管状热端导体131轴向的方向上，所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170各自均呈圆环状排列，在沿管状热端导体的轴向方向上，所述呈圆环状排列的正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170内侧依次交替焊接在所述管状热端导体131的外侧圆形面板上，交替焊接的圆环状排列的正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170圈数相等，最外一圈正极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联正极138内侧焊接，最外一圈负极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联负极139内侧焊接，中间相邻圈状排列的正极热伏材料和圈状排列的负极热伏材料外侧，圈状成对与同一个轴向串联短路导体400内侧焊接；在沿管状热端导体轴向的方向上，一个轴向串联短路导体400内侧与相邻的一圈负极热伏材料170和一圈正极热伏材料160外侧焊接在一起；相邻轴向串联短路导体400之间绝缘设置，所述轴向串联正极138、轴向串联负极139以及轴向串联短路导体400三者之间均绝缘设置；所述轴向串联正极138、轴向串联负极139以及轴向串联短路导体400均为导电良好的材料。
本实施例中，所述轴向串联结构热伏发电管采用同一属性热伏材料在管状热端导体131的轴向上交替分布，所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170的内侧都焊接到管状热端导体上，正极热伏材料160的外侧焊接到轴向串联正极138或轴向串联短路导体400上；负极热伏材料170的外侧则焊接到轴向串联负极139或轴向串联短路导体400上；所述正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170呈圆环状排列，所述呈圆环状排列的正极热伏材料160和负极热伏材料170的圈数相等，且间隔分布，即相邻圈为不同属性的热伏材料。
本实施例中，所述轴向串联负极139与轴向串联正极138分布于原位热伏发电单元的两端；轴向串联正极138为外径等于外层绝缘导热管内径，并与外层绝缘导热管紧贴的环状结构，由金属导电材料构成，优选为铜；轴向串联正极的内侧与正极热伏材料外侧焊接，其宽度与正极热伏材料相等，并与正极输出端子短路连接；所述轴向串联负极139为外径等于外层绝缘导热管内径，并与外层绝缘导热管紧贴的环状结构，由金属导电材料构成，优选为铜；轴向串联负极内侧与负极热伏材料外侧焊接，其宽度与负极热伏材料相等，并与负极输出端子短路连接。
从焊接到轴向串联负极139上的负极热伏材料170与焊接到轴向串联正极138上的正极热伏材料160之间将管状热端导体轴向切开并展开成一个平面，其结构如图13所示：轴向串联短路导体400为外径等于外层绝缘导热管内径，外侧与外层绝缘导热管紧贴的环状结构，由金属导电材料构成，优选为铜；所述轴向串联短路导体400的内侧焊接两圈热伏材料，一圈正极热伏材料，一圈负极热伏材料。
在一种优选的实施方式中，对发明专利CN201810246390公示的大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行切割，切割方法如下：
第一步，通过X射线定向仪和X射线粉末衍射仪，分别对大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行精确定向，确定(100)和(111)晶面方向；
第二步，在第一步正极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向正极热伏切割材料；
第三步，在第一步负极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向负极热伏切割材料；
以第二步得到的正极热伏切割材料作为正极热伏材料160，以第三步得到的负极热伏切割材料作为负极热伏材料170。
在一种优选的实施方式中，当所述原位热伏发电装置为由多个原位热伏发电单元串联组合时，如图15所示，此时，原位热伏发电单元的正极输出端子与相邻原位热伏发电单元的负极输出端子短路连接，原位热伏发电单元的负极输出端子与相邻原位热伏发电单元的正极输出端子短路连接。在原位热伏发电装置的两端，其中，一端原位热伏发电单元的未短路连接的正极输出端子作为原位热伏发电装置的正极；一端原位热伏发电单元的未短路连接的负极输出端子作为原位热伏发电装置的负极。
在一种优选的实施方式中，当所述原位热伏发电装置为由多个原位热伏发电单元并联组合时，如图16所示，此时，所有原位热伏发电单元的正极输出端子短路连接，正极输出端子短路连接后构成原位热伏发电装置的正极；所有原位热伏发电单元的负极输出端子短路连接，负极输出端子短路连接后构成原位热伏发电装置的负极。
在一种优选的实施方式中，当所述原位热伏发电装置为由多个原位热伏发电单元串并联组合时，如图17所示，此时，假设原位热伏发电装置由n×m个原位热伏发电单元构成，先n个原位热伏发电单元构成m组并联方式的原位热伏发 电机组，m组并联方式的原位热伏发电机组之间以串联方式连接，构成串并联方式的原位热伏发电装置。
在本发明中，如图18所示，将本发明提供的原位热伏发电装置插入地下，使地下高温流体接入所述原位热伏发电装置的高温流体通道，让地下高温流体流过原位热伏发电单元，所述原位热伏发电装置就可以输出电能。
综上所述，本发明提供的原位热伏发电装置具有无噪音、无污染、绿色环保的特点，其结构简单，内部不含机械装置，使用寿命长，维护简单方便；本发明原位热伏发电装置包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电单元，所述原位热伏发电单元包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管、外层绝缘导热管、热伏发电管、内层绝缘导热管以及内层加固管，所述内层加固管内部为地下高温液体通道，所述热伏发电管包括与所述内层绝缘导热管直接接触的圆柱筒状的管状热端导体以及设置在所述管状热端导体外侧的正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料；当将所述原位热伏发电装置放置于低温环境中，并将高温流体溶入所述高温流体通道，所述原位热伏发电装置可将地下高温流体的热能转换为电能，从而收集浪费的地热能，为社会提供更多的能源，并且其能量转化效率较高。
应当理解的是，本发明的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，包括若干个以串联、并联或串并联方式连接的原位热伏发电机单元(100)，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)包括由外至内依次排布的外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)以及内层加固管(150)，所述内层加固管(150)内部为高温流体通道，所述热伏发电管包括与所述内层绝缘导热管(140)直接接触的管状热端导体(131)以及设置在所述管状热端导体(131)外侧的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)，所述热伏发电管(130)为板式结构热伏发电管、轴向并联结构热伏发电管或轴向串联结构热伏发电管中的一种；所述外层加固管(110)、内层加固管(150)由导热良好且抗压、抗拉能力良好的材料制作；所述外层绝缘导热管(120)、内层绝缘导热管(140)由绝缘且导热良好的材料制作；管状热端导体(131)由导电良好的材料制作；当所述原位热伏发电机单元放置于低温环境中，并有高温流体通入高温流体通道时，所述原位热伏发电装置将输出电能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)还包括与所述外层加固管(110)两端固定连接的主体盖板(180)，所述主体盖板(180)与所述外层加固管(110)之间设置有密封圈(190)，所述主体盖板(180)的外径与外层加固管(110)的外径相同，所述主体盖板(180)的内径大于内层加固管(150)的外径，所述主体盖板(180)上设置有正极导线引出孔(181)和负极导线引出孔(182)；所述主体盖板(180)上设置有安装孔，通过安装孔将主体盖板(180)安装在外层加固管(110)上，并保证外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)密封。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，当所述热伏发电管(130)为板式结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔(182)引出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的板式正极(134)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的板式负极(135)；所述正极热伏材料(160)的内侧均匀焊接在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧弧形面板上，所述正极热伏材料(160)的外侧则焊接在所述板式正极(134)内侧弧形面板上；所述负极热伏材料(170)的内侧均匀焊接在管状热端导体(131)的外侧另一弧形面板上，所述负极热伏材料(170)的外侧则焊接在板式负极(135)的内侧弧形面板上，所述板式正极(134)与板式负极(135)之间绝缘设置；所述板式正极(134)与板式负极(135)均为导电良好的材料。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，当所述热伏发电管(130) 为轴向并联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔(182)引出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的轴向并联正极(136)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的轴向并联负极(137)；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向方向的截面上，所述正极热伏材料(160)与负极热伏材料(170)的内侧依次交错均匀地焊接在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧圆形面板上，其中，一个正极热伏材料(160)的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联正极(136)内侧，剩余正极热伏材料(160)的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体(300)内侧，其中，一个负极热伏材料(170)的外侧焊接在所述轴向并联负极(137)内侧，剩余负极热伏材料(170)的外侧均焊接在轴向并联短路导体(300)内侧；轴向并联正极(136)与轴向并联负极(137)相邻；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向方向的截面上，从轴向并联正极(136)顺时针方向相邻的负极热伏材料(170)开始，互为相邻的负极热伏材料(170)和正极热伏材料(160)的外侧焊接在同一个轴向并联短路导体(300)的内侧弧形面板上；相邻轴向并联短路导体(300)之间绝缘设置，所述轴向并联正极(136)、轴向并联负极(137)以及轴向并联短路导体(300)三者之间均绝缘设置；所述轴向并联正极(136)、轴向并联负极(137)以及轴向并联短路导体(300)均为导电良好的材料；所有平行于热伏发电管(130)轴向的热伏材料具有相同的属性，要么都为正极热伏材料(160)，要么都为负极热伏材料(170)；所有平行于热伏发电管(130)轴向的导体具有相同的类型，要么都为轴向并联正极(136)，要么都为轴向并联负极(137)，要么都为轴向并联短路导体(300)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，当所述热伏发电管(130)为轴向串联结构热伏发电管时，所述热伏发电管(130)还包括从所述正极导线引出孔(181)引出的正极输出端子(132)，从所述负极导线引出孔引(182)出的负极输出端子(133)，与所述正极输出端子(132)短路连接的轴向串联正极(138)，与所述负极输出端子(133)短路连接的轴向串联负极(139)；在垂直于管状热端导体(131)轴向的方向上，所述正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)各自均呈圆环状排列，在沿管状热端导体(131)的轴向方向上，所述呈圆环状排列的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)内侧依次交替焊接在在所述管状热端导体(131)的外侧圆形面板上，交替焊接的圆环状排列的正极热伏材料(160)和负极热伏材料(170)圈数相等，最外一圈正极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联正极(138)内侧焊接，最外一圈负极热伏材料的外侧与轴向串联负极(139)内侧焊接，中间相邻圈状排列的正极热伏材料和圈状排列的负极热伏材料外侧，圈状成对与同 一个轴向串联短路导体(400)内侧焊接；在沿管状热端导体轴向的方向上，一个轴向串联短路导体(400)内侧与相邻的一圈负极热伏材料(170)和一圈正极热伏材料(160)外侧焊接在一起；相邻轴向串联短路导体(400)之间绝缘设置，所述轴向串联正极(138)、轴向串联负极(139)以及轴向串联短路导体(400)三者之间均绝缘设置；所述轴向串联正极(138)、轴向串联负极(139)以及轴向串联短路导体(400)均为导电良好的材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，所述原位热伏发电机单元(100)还包括与所述内层加固管(150)两端分别固定连接的主体对接接口(200)，所述内层加固管(150)的长度大于外层加固管(110)的长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，所述外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)以及内层加固管(150)均为圆柱筒状结构，相邻交界面紧密相贴；所述外层加固管(110)、外层绝缘导热管(120)、热伏发电管(130)、内层绝缘导热管(140)长度相等。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，所述外层加固管(110)以及内层加固管(150)均由不锈钢材料制备而成；所述外层绝缘导热管(120)和内层绝缘导热管(140)均由导热硅胶制备而成。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，所述正极热伏材料(160)为具有塞贝克效应的P型半导体材料，所述负极热伏材料(170)为具有塞贝克效应的N型半导体材料。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一所述的原位热伏发电装置，其特征在于，对大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行切割，切割方法如下：
    第一步，通过X射线定向仪和X射线粉末衍射仪，分别对大尺寸碲化铅单晶正极热伏材料和负极热伏材料进行精确定向，确定(100)和(111)晶面方向；
    第二步，在第一步正极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向正极热伏切割材料；
    第三步，在第一步负极热伏材料的基础上，通过线切割机沿(100)和(111)晶面方向进行切割，从而获取碲化铅单晶(100)和(111)方向负极热伏切割材料；
    以第二步得到的正极热伏切割材料作为正极热伏材料(160)，以第三步得到的负极热伏切割材料作为负极热伏材料(170)。
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