WO2020116853A1 - Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020116853A1
WO2020116853A1 PCT/KR2019/016504 KR2019016504W WO2020116853A1 WO 2020116853 A1 WO2020116853 A1 WO 2020116853A1 KR 2019016504 W KR2019016504 W KR 2019016504W WO 2020116853 A1 WO2020116853 A1 WO 2020116853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
secondary battery
anode
ion concentration
equation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2019/016504
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
최승렬
인이린
조하나
조원태
안형준
임진형
Original Assignee
주식회사 엘지화학
어번 유니버시티
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020190060657A external-priority patent/KR102405514B1/ko
Application filed by 주식회사 엘지화학, 어번 유니버시티 filed Critical 주식회사 엘지화학
Priority to CN201980016613.5A priority Critical patent/CN111801870B/zh
Priority to ES19893667T priority patent/ES2974443T3/es
Priority to EP19893667.6A priority patent/EP3806270B1/fr
Priority to JP2020543998A priority patent/JP7082208B2/ja
Publication of WO2020116853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020116853A1/fr
Priority to US17/004,118 priority patent/US20210013731A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging device and method for a secondary battery, and relates to a charging device and method capable of shortening the charging time of the secondary battery and suppressing acceleration of degradation in consideration of side reactions.
  • One barrier is a relatively short travel distance and the other is a long charging time.
  • the driving distance can be extended by installing a larger number of cells in the electric vehicle, but this in turn causes an increase in charging time.
  • CC constant current
  • CV constant voltage
  • CP constant power
  • the CC charging method uses a constant current, it is possible to shorten the charging time, but even a small current can overcharge the battery.
  • a relatively high starting step current may shorten the charging time, but this may also cause overcharging.
  • the CV charging method can prevent overcharging of electricity, but similar to the CC charging method, a high charging current at a low SOC causes a high temperature increase and a high deterioration rate.
  • the CC/CV charging method combining the CV charging method and the CC charging method or the CP/CV charging method combining the CV charging method and the CP charging method prevents overcharging, high temperature rise and high deterioration rate.
  • the charging method combining the two charging methods uses the CC charging method and the CP charging method until the battery voltage reaches the cutoff voltage, and the CV charging method after the battery voltage reaches the full voltage.
  • the charging current by the CP/CV charging method is higher than the charging current by the CC/CV charging method due to the current peak that cannot be easily limited. Therefore, the CC/CV charging method, which can guarantee safe operation and low deterioration rate, is widely preferred because of the high charging current limitation in the initial stage of charging and prevention of overcharging.
  • EECM can be used to estimate SOC, impedance, and temperature rise. Based on the estimated SOC, charging currents of different sizes are used in different SOC ranges to shorten the charging time while maintaining the deterioration rate of the battery.
  • Inaccuracies in SOC estimates resulting from hysteresis can be eliminated by suppressing hysteresis.
  • the impedance of the cell is used to limit the rate of heat generation so as to reduce the rate of degradation caused by high temperatures.
  • the temperature rise caused by the high charging current can be limited by combining the EECM and thermal models.
  • EECM does not describe the mechanisms inside the cell that occur when the cell is charged, such as ion transport, electrochemical reactions, occlusion/desorption and ion diffusion. As a result, it is impossible for the EECM to optimize the high charging current in consideration of the degradation rate.
  • the internal process of the cell can be described more accurately using an electrochemical model.
  • a large format pouch type cell having multiple layers can be simplified to a micro cell under the assumption that there is no thermal gradient and no ion concentration gradient in the width direction and the current collector on each layer has the same potential.
  • the micro cell is a sandwich structure comprising an anode, a cathode and a separator.
  • the anode and the cathode have a structure in which the active material particle layer is coated on the current collector.
  • P2D-FOM can estimate the potential of SOC and anode, and the estimated SOC and anode potential can be used to reduce the charging current and prevent overcharging according to the charging state in designing the fast charging method.
  • side reactions representing the main cause of battery degradation are not considered.
  • P2D-FOM has a disadvantage that is not suitable for embedding in a real controller due to the high computation time caused by complex governing equations.
  • P2D-FOM When P2D-FOM's partial differential and nonlinear equations are simplified to ordinary differential equations and linear equations, P2D-FOM becomes a reduced order model (hereinafter referred to as ROM) that can be better ported to the battery management system.
  • ROM reduced order model
  • the conversion of the decay model of P2D-FOM is disclosed in Reference Paper 1 below.
  • the single particle deduction model (SP-ROM)
  • SP-ROM single particle deduction model
  • the active material layer of the anode and the active material layer of the cathode are formed of spherical particles of the same shape, and the current distribution within the anode and cathode is the same.
  • P2D-FOM can be simplified over P2D-ROM.
  • the SP-ROM is disclosed in Reference Paper 2 below.
  • SP-ROM is used to optimize the charging profile taking into account the limitations imposed by SOC, terminal voltage, anode potential and temperature. However, side reactions are not considered in the SP-ROM.
  • the P2D-ROM has the advantage of accurately calculating the aspect of accuracy, especially the solid ion concentration gradient and current distribution.
  • side reactions that depend on operating conditions such as SOC, anode potential, and ion concentration are still not considered.
  • the present invention was created under the background of the prior art as described above, and quantitatively predicts the side reaction rate generated inside when the secondary battery is charged, and controls the charging of the secondary battery by considering the side reaction rate.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a charging device and method for a secondary battery capable of shortening and suppressing acceleration of degeneration.
  • a charging device for a secondary battery for achieving the above technical problem, a voltage measuring unit for measuring the voltage of the secondary battery; Temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the secondary battery; And a control unit that receives a voltage measurement value and a temperature measurement value from the voltage measurement unit and the temperature measurement unit and adjusts the magnitude of the charging current.
  • the control unit using a predefined electrochemical reduction model (Reduced Order Model (ROM)), the secondary battery including the average ion concentration of the anode particles, the surface ion concentration of the anode particles, the anode particle potential and the anode electrolyte potential Logic to determine the internal state of the; Logic to determine a state of charge of the secondary battery from the average ion concentration; Logic to determine a side reaction rate from the anode particle potential and the anode electrolyte potential; As a charging current control condition, (i) the voltage measurement value reaches the cutoff voltage, (iii) the surface ion concentration of the anode particle reaches the upper concentration limit, and (iii) the side reaction rate reaches the upper speed limit. Logic for determining whether at least one of the conditions to be met is satisfied; And a logic for attenuating the magnitude of the charging current applied to the secondary battery when the charging current adjustment condition is satisfied.
  • ROM Reduced Order Model
  • the electrochemical reduction model is based on the ion preservation equation at the electrode, the ion preservation equation at the electrolyte, the charge preservation equation at the electrode, the charge preservation equation at the electrolyte, and the electrochemical reaction rate equation as follows. It can be derived from the defined full order model.
  • the electrochemical reduction model may include a reduction formula (i)' which simplifies the ion conservation equation at the electrode by polynomial approximation.
  • the electrochemical reduction model may include a reduction formula (iii)', which is a simplified equation for the charge conservation equation at the electrode by a finite difference method.
  • the electrochemical reduction model may include a reduction formula (iv)' which simplifies the formula for the charge conservation equation in the electrolyte by the Finite Difference Method.
  • the electrochemical reduction model may include a reduction formula (iv)' which simplifies the formula for the charge conservation equation in the electrolyte by the Finite Difference Method.
  • the electrochemical reduction model may include a reduction formula (v)' that simplifies the formula related to the electrochemical reaction rate equation by linearization.
  • the control unit the average ion concentration in the solid phase ( ), average ion flux in the solid phase ( ) And surface ion concentration in the solid phase ( ) Including the state-space equation for the internal state of the secondary battery and the voltage of the secondary battery ( )
  • the extended Kalman filter the output equation of which is defined as follows, so that the difference between the estimated voltage of the secondary battery and the voltage measurement value is minimized so that the time update and the measurement update for the internal state of the secondary battery are repeatedly performed Can be configured.
  • control unit may be configured to control the size of the charging current by controlling a charger coupled to the secondary battery to apply charging current to the secondary battery.
  • the technical problem according to the present invention can also be achieved by an electric drive device including a charging device for the secondary battery.
  • the charging device and method of the secondary battery according to the present invention are designed using a ROM having a side reaction rate model, and the cutoff voltage, the saturation of the surface ion concentration at the anode, and the maximum side reaction rate are used to limit the charging current.
  • the present invention reduces the charging time by approximately half compared to the traditional CC/CV charging method.
  • the limiting conditions of the surface ion concentration at the anode help to prevent deterioration of capacity and output.
  • the charging method limited by the surface ion concentration and the side reaction rate is the best of the charging methods tested in terms of charging time and degradation.
  • the present invention may have various other effects, and other effects of the present invention may be understood by the following description, and may be more clearly understood by examples of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging device for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship of potentials at the anode side while charging of the secondary battery is in progress.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of a single microcell used in a deduction model (ROM) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram for a decay model combined with an extended Kalman filter, namely ROM-EKF.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for charging a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6A and 6B are graphs showing the simulated terminal voltage of the secondary battery and the measured terminal voltage of the secondary battery.
  • 7A and 7B are graphs showing tracking performance of an extended Kalman filter for estimating SOC according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a graph showing the time it takes for the terminal voltage to reach the keoff voltage for different charging currents (C rate) in charging the pouch type lithium secondary battery in the CC charging mode
  • FIG. 8B is It is a graph showing SOC when the terminal voltage reaches the keoff voltage for different charging currents.
  • FIG. 9A is a graph showing charging time as a function of charging current
  • FIG. 9B is a graph showing a ratio of charging time by CV charging and charging time by CC/CV charging.
  • FIG. 10A is a graph showing the surface ion concentration of active material particles estimated by ROM-EKF
  • FIG. 10B is a graph showing the surface ion concentration of particles near the separator in the time domain.
  • Figure 11a is a graph showing the change in overpotential with the magnitude and time of the charging current
  • Figure 11b is a graph showing the change in the side reaction rate with the magnitude and time of the charging current
  • Figure 11c is a graph showing the magnitude and time of the charging current Accordingly, it is a graph showing the amount of loss of lithium ions
  • FIG. 11D is a graph showing the amount of loss of lithium ions according to the magnitude of the charging current and SOC (0%-100%)
  • FIG. 11E shows the magnitude of the charging current and SOC (40%- 80%) is a graph showing the loss amount of lithium ions according to SOC
  • FIG. 11F is a graph showing the amount of loss of lithium ions according to the magnitude of the charging current and SOC (80%-100%).
  • FIG. 13 is a graph for conceptually explaining that the magnitude of a charging current is attenuated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of simulating SOC and side reaction rate as a function of charging current using ROM-EKF according to the present invention under four limitations.
  • 15A to 15D show an upper limit of the side reaction rate ( ) And the upper limit of the surface ion concentration ( It shows the simulation results of the charging protocol considering ), and is a graph showing simulation results of current, terminal voltage, surface ion concentration, and side reaction rate, respectively.
  • 16A and 16B are graphs showing simulation results of side reaction rates and consumed lithium ions of four charging protocols.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a battery-in-the-loop (BIL) used to test different charging protocols.
  • BIL battery-in-the-loop
  • FIG. 18A is a graph showing charging time for five charging protocols
  • FIG. 18B is a graph showing changes in capacity according to cycles.
  • FIG. 19A is a graph showing EIS measurement results for five charging protocols
  • FIG. 19B is a graph showing comparison of impedances derived from EIS measurement results.
  • the secondary battery includes an anode terminal terminal and a cathode terminal terminal, and means one independent cell that is physically separable.
  • a pouch type lithium ion battery may be considered as a secondary battery.
  • the present invention is not limited by the type of secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging device 100 for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a charging device 100 of a secondary battery is a device that controls charging of the secondary battery 20 and is electrically coupled to the secondary battery 20.
  • the secondary battery 20 is for supplying electric energy required for a power system such as an electric vehicle, and includes at least one battery cell.
  • the battery cell may be, for example, a lithium ion battery.
  • the type of the battery cell is not limited to the lithium ion battery, and is not particularly limited as long as it can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
  • the battery cells included in the secondary battery 20 are electrically connected in series and/or parallel.
  • the switch 30 is installed in the current path for charging and discharging the battery 20.
  • the control terminal of the switch 30 is provided to be electrically connectable to the control unit 120.
  • the switch 30 is turned on or off according to the duty ratio of the switching signal SS in response to the switching signal SS output by the control unit 120.
  • the switch 30 may be a field effect transistor or a mechanical relay.
  • the charging device 100 of the secondary battery determines the internal state of the secondary battery 20 using an electrochemical reduction model (ROM), and adjusts the size of the charging current applied to the secondary battery 20 in consideration of the internal state do.
  • ROM electrochemical reduction model
  • the charging device 100 includes a sensing unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and a communication unit 140.
  • the internal state includes the average ion concentration and surface ion concentration of the anode, the potential at the anode, the potential at the anode electrolyte, the side reaction rate of lithium ions and the state of charge.
  • the average ion concentration and the surface ion concentration refer to the average ion concentration of the active material particles and the surface ion concentration of the surface of the active material particles.
  • the sensing unit 110 is configured to detect physical/electrical parameters associated with the internal state of the secondary battery 20 at regular time intervals. Physical/electrical parameters include the voltage, current, and temperature of the secondary battery 20.
  • the sensing unit 110 includes a current measurement unit 111, a voltage measurement unit 112, and a temperature measurement unit 113.
  • the current measuring unit 111 is provided so as to be electrically connectable to the charge/discharge path of the secondary battery 20.
  • the current measuring unit 111 is configured to detect a current flowing through the secondary battery 20 and output a first sensing signal SI indicating the detected current to the controller 120.
  • a Hall effect sensor or a shunt resistor can be used as the current measurement unit 111.
  • the voltage measurement unit 112 is provided to be electrically connectable to the cathode terminal terminal and the anode terminal terminal of the secondary battery 20.
  • the voltage measuring unit 112 detects a voltage across the secondary battery 20 (that is, a potential difference between the cathode terminal terminal and the anode terminal terminal of the secondary battery 20), and a second sensing signal indicating the detected voltage ( SV) is configured to be output to the control unit 120.
  • the voltage measuring unit 112 includes a conventional voltage measuring circuit.
  • the control unit 120 is operatively coupled to the sensing unit 110, the memory unit 130, the communication unit 140, and the switch 30.
  • the control unit 120 includes hardware, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and microprocessors. (microprocessors) or other electrical units for performing other functions.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • microprocessors microprocessors or other electrical units for performing other functions.
  • the control unit 120 is configured to periodically receive the first sensing signal SI, the second sensing signal SV, and the third sensing signal ST output by the sensing unit 110.
  • the control unit 120 uses the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) included in the control unit 120 to receive the first sensing signal SI, the second sensing signal SV in analog form, and is received every unit time.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • Each of the third sensing signals ST may be converted into digital current values, voltage values, and temperature values, and then stored in the memory unit 130. That is, the current history, voltage history, and temperature history of the secondary battery 20 may be stored in the memory unit 130 every unit time.
  • the control unit 120 uses the electrochemical reduction model to suppress the deterioration of the secondary battery 20 as much as possible while reducing the charging time of the secondary battery 20, and the average ion concentration of the anode particles, the average ion flux, and the surface ion concentration And an internal state of the secondary battery 20 including a side reaction rate.
  • the charging time of the secondary battery 20 can be reduced by simply increasing the charging current.
  • the increased charging current not only generates more heat, but also accelerates the deterioration of the secondary battery 20.
  • a side reaction is a reduction process between an electrolyte solvent (eg, ethylene carbonate) and lithium ions at the surface of the anode particle.
  • the by-products of the side reaction form a very thin film that adheres to the surface of the anode particles.
  • the film is a SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase) layer called a solid electrolyte phase.
  • the SEI layer is an electrical separator capable of completely separating some of the anode particles from electrons, resulting in a decrease in active anode material and eventually capacity decay.
  • the loss of the active anode material but also the ions and electrolyte solvent consumed by side reactions are another factor in capacity reduction.
  • FIG. 2 A schematic diagram of the relationship of potentials at the anode side during charging is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the equilibrium potential of the anode Is a function of the stoichiometric number corresponding to the ratio between the ion concentration in the solid phase and its maximum. Is the resistance of the SEI layer, causing a potential drop across the SEI layer.
  • the amount of potential reduction can be represented by the following formula (5).
  • Side current exchange current density Can be represented by Equation (7) as a function of the concentration of the two reactants involved in the side reaction, the lithium ion and the solvent of the electrolyte, such as EC (ethylene carbonate) molecules.
  • CC/CV charging method and pulse charging method are used as a conventional charging method.
  • the CC/CV charging method is the most widely used.
  • the charging current increases, the charging time decreases.
  • increasing the charging current causes expansion of the CV mode, so the charging time is not significantly reduced.
  • a high charge current results in a rapid increase in SOC.
  • the terminal voltage of the secondary battery reaches the cutoff voltage in the low SOC section.
  • high charging current increases the overpotential magnitude of side reactions. Accordingly, the side reaction rate is increased, and the cycle life of the battery is shortened to a meaningful level.
  • the pulse charging method is an option of another charging method that has been widely proposed.
  • the pulse charging method can be classified into a unidirectional pulse charging and a bidirectional pulse charging according to the presence of a rest period or a negative pulse.
  • the charging time is determined by the average value of the pulse charging current. Therefore, the charging time cannot be reduced only by increasing the magnitude of the positive pulse.
  • applying a negative pulse with a rest period suppresses the formation of lithium plating by attenuating the ion concentration gradient and the concentration overpotential at the anode.
  • the bi-directional pulse charging method with an optimized frequency can significantly reduce lithium plating because the deposited lithium dissolves during discharge and re-engages in the main chemical reaction.
  • the bidirectional pulse charging method has no positive effect on the performance and cycle life of the secondary battery 20 and even has a detrimental effect.
  • the degeneration of the battery is determined by the average value of the pulse charging current because the lithium ion battery behaves like low-pass filtering due to the battery's large capacitance.
  • the pulse charging method and the CC/CV charging method did not show a difference between a charging time and a deterioration rate for a 25 Hz pulse charging current.
  • the pulse current is not completely buffered by the large capacitance of the battery, so that the ion concentration gradient increases significantly, and the potential of the anode is also lowered in the negative direction, resulting in a side reaction rate. Increases significantly.
  • the pulse charging method generates more heat compared to the CC/CV charging method, thereby increasing the rate of side reactions.
  • the magnitude of the pulse charging current decreases, the ion concentration gradient and ion concentration saturation can be effectively reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, a pulse charging current having a reduced size is employed only for a high SOC section so that the ion concentration does not exceed the saturation limit.
  • the present invention designs a charging method in the following three aspects.
  • the first is to provide a model for real-time estimation of physical parameters such as ion concentration and anode potential, and use advanced control to reduce model state errors and estimation errors resulting from measurement noise.
  • Secondly, it is to analyze the effect of the CC/CV charging method according to the developed model on the charging time and degradation rate.
  • the size of the charging current and the duration of the pulse are determined by considering different limit factors.
  • Electrochemical principles include mass transport and electrochemical kinetics, and thermal and mechanical principles are based on energy equations and mechanical stress-strain relationships.
  • the model can predict the performance of a battery in the Beginning Of Life (BOL), Middle Of Life (MOL), and End Of Life (EOL) states.
  • BOL Beginning Of Life
  • MOL Middle Of Life
  • EOL End Of Life
  • the model can be one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional and is called a Full Order Model.
  • the pouch type lithium ion battery has a structure in which a plurality of microcells collected in a roll or sandwich form are stacked. If there is no difference in electrochemical properties between a plurality of microcells, it can be assumed that one microcell represents the behavior of all microcells.
  • the microcell has a sandwich structure in which a separator is interposed between the anode and the cathode in the thickness direction.
  • the cathode active material is a metal oxide and the anode active material is carbon.
  • the shape of the active material is approximated by a spherical shape uniformly dispersed in the space occupied by the active material layer.
  • FIG. 3 A schematic diagram of a single microcell is shown in FIG. 3.
  • lithium ions are detached from the lattice structure of the active material particles of one electrode and diffuse to the surface of the active material particles, and then the surface of the active material particles of the other electrode through an electrolyte and a separator. Is transported until. The transported lithium ions chemically react with electrons and corresponding active materials on the surface of the other active material particle, diffuse back into the active material particle, and then reinserted into the lattice structure. Electron flows through an external circuit to complete the electrochemical redox process.
  • PDEs Partial Differential Equations listed in Table 4 describe the physical variables with time and location. Physical parameters include (1) ion concentration in active material particles (c s ) derived from Fick's law, the law of diffusion for spherical particles, (2) ion concentration in electrolytes based on the preservation of lithium ions. (c e ), (3) Potential in the active material layer derived from Ohm's law ( ), (4) Potential in electrolyte calculated using Kirchhoff's law and Ohm's law ( ) And (5) BV equations describing electrochemical kinetics at the reaction interface.
  • the full order model (FOM) shown on the left side of Table 4 has limitations in application due to the high computational load. Accordingly, the full-order model can be simplified to a decay model called P2D-ROM, assuming that there is no ion concentration gradient, potential gradient, and current density gradient through the planes through which lithium ions travel.
  • FDM Finite-Difference Method
  • FEM Finite-Element Method
  • FVM Finite-volume Method
  • the P2D-ROM is composed of two parts, and the ion concentration calculation at the electrode and electrolyte can be simplified by applying polynomial approximation and state space method respectively.
  • the computation time of the simplified P2D-ROM is reduced to 1/6 of the FOM computation time while maintaining the accuracy of the overall model.
  • the formula for the simplified P2D-ROM is shown on the right side of Table 1.
  • the deduction model (ROM) means a simplified P2D-ROM.
  • model parameters used for P2D-ROM are listed in Table 5 below.
  • the model parameters are stored in advance in the memory unit 130.
  • the controller 120 uses the equations constituting the decay model defined in Table 2 above to determine the average ion concentration at the anode ( ), anode potential ( ), electrolyte potential at the anode ( ), surface ion concentration at the anode ( ) And the average ion flux at the anode ( ) To determine the internal state of the secondary battery.
  • , And Silver solid particles are related to the active material particles.
  • the control unit 120 is also the average ion concentration of the anode particles ( ), the charge state (SOC) of the secondary battery is determined using the equation for calculating the charge state (SOC) of Table 1. For the parameter values included in the charge state calculation equation, reference is made to predefined data shown in Table 2.
  • the control unit also uses the equations (3) to (7) from the internal state of the secondary battery 20 calculated from the deduction model to determine the side reaction rate ( ).
  • Side reaction rate ( The parameters included in the equation for calculating) are referred to the predefined data shown in Table 2.
  • the control unit 140 is also a charging current control condition, (i) a voltage measurement value reaches a cutoff voltage, (ii) a condition where the surface ion concentration of the anode particle reaches an upper concentration limit, or (iii) the side reaction rate Determine whether the conditions for reaching the upper speed limit are met.
  • the control unit 120 also decreases the amount of the charging current applied to the charging of the secondary battery 20 when any one of the conditions for adjusting the charging current is satisfied.
  • the control unit 120 transmits a current control message including charging current information attenuated to the charger 2 through the communication unit 140 to attenuate the amount of charging current applied by the charger 20 to the secondary battery 20. To do.
  • the charger 2 receives the current control message from the control unit 140, it reduces the magnitude of the charging current by referring to the current information to be adjusted included in the message.
  • the controller 120 refers to a profile in which the size of the charging current is defined according to the SOC, and the charging state (SOC k ) and the preset current state at which the charging current adjustment condition is satisfied.
  • the current corresponding to the sum (SOC k + ⁇ SOC) obtained by summing the charge state change amount ( ⁇ SOC) is identified from the profile, and the identified current is determined as the attenuated charging current.
  • the control unit 140 When the attenuation charging current is determined, the control unit 140 also transmits a current adjustment message including attenuation current information to the charger 2 through the communication unit 140. Then, the charger 2 adjusts the magnitude of the charging current according to the attenuation current and applies it to the secondary battery 20.
  • the regulation of the current is repeated every time the condition is established.
  • the control unit 120 the secondary battery 20 so that the difference between the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit 112 and the voltage of the secondary battery 20 estimated by the ROM using the extended Kalman filter is the minimum ), it is possible to iteratively perform time update and measurement update for the internal state.
  • the decay model combined with the extended Kalman filter is hereinafter referred to as ROM-EKF.
  • the control unit 120 is the average ion concentration of the anode particles ( ), average ion flux of anode particles ( ) And the surface ion concentration of the anode particles ( Estimated voltage of the secondary battery using an extended Kalman filter in which the state-space equation for the internal state of the secondary battery including) and the output equation for the voltage of the secondary battery are defined as follows: ) And the time measurement and the measurement update for the internal state of the secondary battery may be repeatedly performed so that the difference between the voltage measurement values is minimum.
  • the state space equation and the output equation are derived from ROM and are defined by a discrete time model.
  • ⁇ t is a time period in which time updates and measurement updates are repeated for the internal state of the secondary battery
  • k and k-1 are time indexes. to be.
  • the output equation can be defined as follows to calculate the Jacobian applied to the extended Kalman filter.
  • the terminal voltage is a function of the solid particle surface concentration.
  • U p and U n are the equilibrium potentials of the cathode and anode.
  • Jacobian defined by the following equation may be applied.
  • SOC is a ratio between the maximum number of ions that can be present in active material particles and the number of ions that are present. The number of ions present in the active material particles at any moment can be calculated based on the average ion concentration in the active material particles.
  • the dynamic error of the average ion concentration and the SOC error given by the initial value can be further improved by closed loop correction using an extended Kalman filter.
  • the controller 120 uses the state-space equation of the extended Kalman filter to determine the internal state of the secondary battery 20 ( , , ). In addition, the control unit 120 predicts the average ion concentration of the anode particles in the internal state of the secondary battery 20 ( ) To determine the SOC, which is the charging state of the secondary battery 20, using the charging state calculation equation shown in Table 1. In addition, the control unit 120 uses the ROM, the solid phase potential of the anode particles in the internal state of the secondary battery 20 ( ) And the electrolyte potential at the anode ( ), and the side reaction rate of the secondary battery 20 ( ).
  • control unit 120 uses the output equation of the extended Kalman filter to estimate the voltage of the secondary battery ( ), and the estimated voltage ( ) And the internal state of the secondary battery 20 according to the difference between the measured voltage V t ( , , ) Is corrected.
  • the time update and measurement update process for the internal state of the secondary battery 20 is automatically executed by a known extended Kalman filter algorithm, thereby updating and measuring time. Detailed description of the update process will be omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for charging a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S10 the controller 120 determines the size for the charging current of the secondary battery 20 as a maximum value, and sends a current control message including the maximum charging information to the charger 20 through the communication unit 140. By transferring, charging of the secondary battery 20 is started.
  • the maximum value of the current is determined in advance by the specifications of the secondary battery 20, and refers to information stored in advance in the memory unit 130.
  • the charger 20 When the charger 20 receives the current control message including the maximum charging information from the controller 120, the charger 20 starts charging the current by applying the charging current corresponding to the maximum charging current to the secondary battery 20.
  • step S20 when the charging of the secondary battery 20 is started, the controller 120 uses the state-space equation of the extended Kalman filter to determine the internal state of the secondary battery 20 ( , , ).
  • step S30 the controller 120 uses the charge state calculation equation to calculate the average ion concentration of the anode particles ( ), the state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery 20 is determined.
  • step S40 the controller 120 uses the ROM to solid state potential of the anode particles in the internal state of the secondary battery 20 ( ) And electrolyte potential ( ), and using the formulas (3) to (7), the secondary reaction rate of the secondary battery 20 ( ).
  • step S50 the controller 120 uses the output equation of the extended Kalman filter to estimate voltage of the secondary battery ( ), and the estimated voltage ( ) And the internal state of the secondary battery 20 according to the difference between the measured voltage V t ( , , ) Is corrected.
  • step S60 the control unit 120 is a charging current control condition, (i) the voltage measurement value (V t ) reaches the cutoff voltage, (ii) the surface ion concentration of the anode particles ( ) Reaches the upper limit concentration or (iii) the side reaction rate ( ) Determines whether the condition to reach the upper limit speed is met.
  • step S60 if it is determined that the charging current adjustment condition is not satisfied, the controller 120 maintains the magnitude of the charging current. On the other hand, if it is determined that the condition for adjusting the charging current is satisfied, the controller 120 moves the process to step S70.
  • step S70 the controller 120 attenuates the magnitude of the charging current.
  • the controller 120 refers to a profile (FIG. 13) defining a correlation between the magnitude of the current and the state of charge, and the current state of charge (SOC k ) and a preset state of charge change ( ⁇ SOC) are summed.
  • SOC k current state of charge
  • ⁇ SOC preset state of charge change
  • the magnitude of the charging current corresponding to the sum of states (SOC k + ⁇ SOC) is identified, and the identified current is determined as the attenuation current.
  • Data related to the profile is stored in advance in the memory unit 130, and the magnitude of the charging current decreases as the charging state increases as shown in FIG.
  • step S80 the control unit 120 transmits a current control message including the attenuation current to the charger 2 through the communication unit 140. Then, the charger 2 applies a current corresponding to the attenuation current to the secondary battery 20.
  • step S90 when the charging current corresponding to the attenuation current is applied to the secondary battery 20 in step S90, the internal state of the secondary battery 20 using the state-space equation of the extended Kalman filter as in step S20 ( , , ).
  • the control unit 120 determines the charging state of the secondary battery 20 as in step 30.
  • the control unit 120 uses the difference model to displace the anode particles ( ) And anode electrolyte potential ( ), and using the formulas (3) to (7), the secondary reaction rate of the secondary battery 20 ( ).
  • control unit 120 uses the output equation of the extended Kalman filter as in step S50 to estimate the voltage of the secondary battery ( ), and the estimated voltage ( ) And the internal state of the secondary battery 20 according to the difference between the measured voltage V t ( , , ) Is corrected.
  • step S100 the control unit 120 is a charging current control condition, (i) the voltage measurement value (V t ) reaches the cutoff voltage, (ii) the surface ion concentration of the anode particles ( ) Reaches the upper limit concentration or (iii) the side reaction rate ( ) Determines whether the condition to reach the upper limit speed is met.
  • step 100 if it is determined that the condition for adjusting the charging current is not satisfied, the controller 120 proceeds to step S110 to maintain the magnitude of the charging current, while if it is determined that the condition for adjusting the charging current is satisfied, the controller 120 ) Proceeds to step S70 to attenuate the magnitude of the charging current.
  • the controller 120 determines whether the charging stop condition is satisfied in step S120.
  • the charging stop condition is when the state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery reaches a target value.
  • SOC state of charge
  • the target value can be set before charging starts. As an example, the target value is SOC 100%. In some cases, the target value may be set lower than 100%.
  • step S120 if the charging stop condition is satisfied, the controller 120 ends charging of the secondary battery 20, but if the charging stop condition is not satisfied, the control unit 120 continues the charging by proceeding to step S90. do. Therefore, the process in which the magnitude of the charging current is attenuated is repeated every time the charging current control condition is satisfied until the charging stop condition is satisfied.
  • the secondary battery used in the embodiment of the present invention is a pouch type lithium ion battery, and has a capacity of 15.7 Ah.
  • the active materials of the anode and cathode are graphite and NMC (Li[MnNiCo]O 2 ), respectively.
  • the verification of ROM-EKF was based on experimental data obtained during charging and discharging. The size of the charging current was adjusted to 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C and 6C at 25°C at room temperature. Even at high current, the temperature of the secondary battery was kept constant using a calorimeter designed in the laboratory. Through this, the effect of temperature on the charge and discharge characteristics was excluded.
  • FIG. 6A shows a simulation terminal voltage when charging a lithium secondary battery and a terminal voltage measured experimentally
  • FIG. 6B shows a simulation terminal voltage and a terminal voltage measured experimentally when discharging a lithium secondary battery.
  • asterisk lines and solid lines indicate simulation data and experimental data, respectively. The results show that the terminal voltage estimated by ROM-EKF matches well with the experimental data.
  • Figure 7a is a graph showing the change in SOC with the magnitude and time of the charging current
  • Figure 7b is a graph showing the tracking performance of the extended Kalman filter when there is an error in the initial SOC.
  • one case is when there is an initial SOC error and the other case is when there is no initial SOC error.
  • ROM-EKF can estimate SOC with an absolute error value less than 5%.
  • the ROM-EKF can track the SOC within 100 ms.
  • the CC/CV charging method is the simplest and most widely used charging method. However, increasing the charging current alone does not significantly reduce the charging time due to the expansion of the CV charging mode. In addition, the increased charging current accelerates degeneration of the secondary battery. Therefore, prior to providing a new charging method, the effect of the CC/CV charging method on the charging time and battery degradation, especially side reactions, was first analyzed.
  • the charging time until the SOC becomes 100% is determined by two factors. One is the magnitude of the current in the constant current charging mode and the other is the cutoff voltage in the constant voltage charging mode.
  • the cutoff voltage was set to 4.15V.
  • the high charging current decreases the charging time, but even at a SOC with a low terminal voltage, the cutoff voltage of 4.15V is reached. Therefore, the maximum SOC that can be charged at a given charging current during CC mode is limited.
  • the relationship between the charging current and the maximum chargeable SOC is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the charging current. That is, the higher the charging current, the lower the maximum SOC that can be charged.
  • the pouch type battery was charged from SOC 0% to 100%.
  • the charging current was varied from 0.5C to 7C and the cutoff voltage was set to 4.15V.
  • the charging time as a function of the charging current is shown in Fig. 9A, and the ratio of the charging time by the CV charging and the charging time by the CC/CV charging is shown in Fig. 9B.
  • 9A and 9B when the charging current is less than 1.5C, the charging time is significantly reduced even if the charging current is slightly increased. In addition, the charging time is still significantly reduced when the charging current is 1.5C to 4.5C.
  • the charging time ratio between the CV charging method and the CC/CV charging method increases with increasing charging current. This is because the higher the charging current, the shorter the time it takes to reach the cutoff voltage at a lower SOC. As a result, it takes a long time to charge in the CV mode and consequently increases the total charge time.
  • the effect of the CC/CV charging method on the side reaction was evaluated by changing the SOC range and charging current at which charging was performed.
  • the ion concentration has a large effect on side reactions.
  • the surface ion concentration of the active material particles was estimated using ROM-EKF, and the results are as shown in FIG. 10A.
  • the x-axis is the coordinate axis in the direction of the anode through-plane.
  • Each colored curve represents the surface ion concentration of different anode particles at a particular time. At the beginning of charging, the ion concentration is uniformly dispersed within the electrode (blue curve).
  • the ion concentration gradually forms a high gradient and after a few minutes reaches the maximum value and then lowers again, after 2200 seconds it finally reaches zero.
  • the ion concentration at the interface between the anode's active material layer and the separator is higher than when it is 301 seconds (when the CC charge ends) and when it is 2200 seconds (when the CV charge ends).
  • the surface ion concentration value of the particle depends on the position of the particle due to diffusion rate limitation and electrolyte ion concentration gradient at the anode. The closer the particles are to the membrane, the higher the surface ion concentration.
  • the surface ion concentration of particles in the immediate vicinity of the separator is shown in Figure 10B.
  • the charging current is greater than 4C, an overshoot of the ion concentration is observed while the charging mode is changed until an equilibrium state is reached. The overshoot is lowered in CV mode simply due to a decrease in charging current.
  • the ion concentration converges near one value. This means that the anode particles can no longer accept lithium particles and the lithium ion concentration has reached saturation.
  • the ion concentration value is 0.035 mol/cm 3 , which is the saturation concentration corresponding to the upper limit of the surface ion concentration of the anode particles in the charging method according to the present invention. Is selected as
  • the high ion concentration caused by the overshoot leads to a low equilibrium potential, and the low equilibrium potential increases the magnitude of the activation overpotential for side reactions and consequently promotes side reactions.
  • the excess ions exchange density of side reactions Increases.
  • the side reaction can be calculated using the BV equation as in Equation (3).
  • Ion loss amount which represents the amount of ions consumed by side reactions
  • Silver side reaction rate as in Equation (8) Is the same as the result of integration over the volume and time of the anode active material.
  • Has Ah units Is the thickness of the anode active material, Is the total operating time, and A is the cross-sectional area of the lithium ion battery.
  • the side reaction rate is much lower than that in the middle SOC range because the charging current decreases continuously in CV mode.
  • the charging time takes longer than in other SOC ranges.
  • the equilibrium potential is lowered and the overpotential is higher, which causes more ion loss.
  • the charging current still has a large influence on the loss of lithium ions due to the longer charging time and higher side reaction rates resulting from higher ion concentrations.
  • the new fast charging method is designed based on ROM-EKF, which provides parameters such as surface ion concentration of anode particles and anode potential. Variables are used to estimate SOC and side reaction rates. To activate the cutoff voltage, the terminal voltage is measured.
  • the block diagram of the proposed fast charging method is shown in FIG. 12.
  • the inputs of ROM-EKF are charging current, terminal voltage and temperature of secondary battery.
  • the charging protocol is generated by comparing the predicted or measured values with the reference values.
  • the charging protocol is used to control the charger that generates the charging current.
  • the charging protocol includes an attenuation schedule for the magnitude of the charging current. According to the charging protocol, a request for attenuation of current is transmitted to the charger, and the charger reduces the size of the charging current accordingly.
  • the requested SOC (SOC target value) when the battery is charged is one of the conditions to stop charging.
  • other reference values are used to set an upper limit for adjusting the charging current to prevent the battery from deteriorating.
  • the flowchart for the charging protocol according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the maximum charging current is applied until any one of the three reference values reaches its upper limit.
  • the charging current is reduced and remains constant until the SOC changes as much as the reduced current is predefined. This charging protocol is repeated until the conditions to stop charging are established.
  • FIG. 13 experimental data measuring how a charging current changes according to SOC in a state where a cutoff voltage of 4.15 V is set is illustrated in FIG. 13.
  • circles represent experimental data.
  • the request SOC is determined as one condition that should stop charging.
  • the battery is charged to a maximum current of 7.6C.
  • the maximum current is the magnitude of the maximum charging current that can be provided by the manufacturer of the charger.
  • the charging current decreases to a low level according to the given ⁇ SOC as shown in FIG. 13.
  • the charging protocol can be optimized taking into account other constraints that prevent the secondary battery from degrading.
  • the first constraint is the cutoff voltage.
  • the battery manufacturer recommends 4.3V as the cutoff voltage instead of 4.15V at the maximum charging current, and the effect of increasing the cutoff voltage will be described later.
  • the second constraint relates to the maximum surface ion concentration of the calculated anode particles described above.
  • the last limiting condition is the maximum side reaction rate selected when the SOC is 40% based on the analysis results shown in FIG. 11(d). When the SOC is 40%, the lithium ion loss does not increase significantly.
  • the results of simulating the SOC and the side reaction rate as a function of the charging current using the ROM-EKF according to the present invention are shown in FIG. 14 under four limitations. The results shown in FIG. 14 provide important guidelines on how the charging current should be determined at different SOCs for an optimized charging protocol that can reduce charging time and suppress battery degradation at the same time.
  • the maximum surface ion concentration I is the first constraint to prevent overshoot of surface ion concentration.
  • Zone II three other limiting conditions are used to limit the charging current. Since the overshoot of the particle's surface ion concentration results from an imbalance between litigated ions and diffused ions, having an extra dormant period helps to reduce the number of transported ions, and transported ions to the interior of the particle. Diffusion gives extra time to be inserted into the lattice structure. Therefore, the duration of the rest period is determined in consideration of the ion concentration gradient of the anode active material.
  • a charging current higher than 5C makes the anode potential negative even at a low SOC. This creates a good condition for lithium plating to occur. Therefore, even if the manufacturer recommends 7.6C, it is preferable to select 5C as the highest charging current.
  • the maximum side reaction rate ( ) And saturated surface ion concentration are shown in FIGS. 15A to 15D.
  • 15A-15D include simulation results for current, terminal voltage, surface ion concentration, and side reaction rate, respectively.
  • the surface ion concentration is not greater than the maximum allowed saturation concentration.
  • the side reaction rate is also limited to the middle SOC range until CV mode is activated.
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B simulation results of side reaction rates and consumed lithium ions of the four charging protocols are shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B.
  • the region enclosed by the side reaction rate represents total consumed lithium ions.
  • 16A and 16B when the cut-off voltage increases, the CC charging period is extended, but the magnitude of the side reaction rate increases and the duration of the CC charging period increases. As a result, the amount of lithium ions consumed increases. If the rate of side reactions was additionally limited, the region was slightly reduced and the ion loss was reduced to a meaningful level. However, the charging time is longer.
  • the lithium ion loss by the FC-SR protocol is slightly greater than the lithium ion loss by the 1C-CC/CV protocol in the low SOC section.
  • the internal temperature of the cell by the FC-SR charging protocol is slightly higher than the internal temperature of the cell by the 1C-CC/CV charging protocol due to the heat generated by the cell even though the surface temperature of the cell is kept constant by the calorimeter. .
  • a charging device for a secondary battery may be included in an electric drive device.
  • the electric drive supplies power from a secondary battery pack, such as a smart phone, tablet PC, laptop computer, electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, plug hybrid vehicle, electric bicycle, drone (drone), power storage device, uninterruptible power supply, etc. Refers to various devices that are received.
  • components named' ⁇ unit' should be understood as functionally divided elements rather than physically divided elements.
  • each component can be selectively integrated with other components, or each component can be divided into sub-components for efficient execution of control logic(s).
  • control logic control logic
  • the charging device and method of the secondary battery according to the present invention are designed using a ROM having a side reaction rate model, and the cutoff voltage, the saturation of the surface ion concentration at the anode, and the maximum side reaction rate are used to limit the charging current.
  • the present invention reduces the charging time by approximately half compared to the traditional CC/CV charging method.
  • the limiting conditions of the surface ion concentration at the anode help to prevent deterioration of capacity and output.
  • the charging method limited by the surface ion concentration and the side reaction rate is the best of the charging methods tested in terms of charging time and degradation.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de charge d'une batterie secondaire. Un dispositif de charge selon la présente invention comprend une unité de commande destinée à recevoir une valeur de tension mesurée et une valeur de température mesurée par une unité de mesure de tension et une unité de mesure de température, respectivement, et à ajuster l'ordre de grandeur d'un courant de charge. L'unité de commande détermine la concentration moyenne d'ions et la concentration d'ions de surface des particules d'anode, le potentiel de particules d'anode et le potentiel de l'électrolyte d'anode à l'aide d'un modèle électrochimique d'ordre réduit. De plus, l'unité de commande détermine l'état de charge d'une batterie secondaire à partir de la concentration moyenne d'ions et elle détermine le taux de réaction secondaire à partir du potentiel de particules d'anode et du potentiel d'électrolyte d'anode. En outre, l'unité de commande atténue l'ordre de grandeur du courant de charge appliqué à une batterie secondaire si au moins l'une des conditions suivantes est satisfaite : (i) une condition dans laquelle la valeur de tension mesurée atteint une tension de coupure, (ii) une condition dans laquelle la concentration d'ions de surface des particules d'anode atteint une concentration limite supérieure, et (iii) une condition dans laquelle le taux de réaction secondaire atteint un taux limite supérieur.
PCT/KR2019/016504 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire WO2020116853A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201980016613.5A CN111801870B (zh) 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 二次电池的充电设备和充电方法
ES19893667T ES2974443T3 (es) 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 Dispositivo y método para cargar una batería secundaria
EP19893667.6A EP3806270B1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire
JP2020543998A JP7082208B2 (ja) 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 二次電池の充電装置及び方法
US17/004,118 US20210013731A1 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-08-27 Charging Apparatus And Method Of Secondary Battery

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862776117P 2018-12-06 2018-12-06
US62/776,117 2018-12-06
KR1020190060657A KR102405514B1 (ko) 2018-12-06 2019-05-23 이차 전지의 충전 장치 및 방법
KR10-2019-0060657 2019-05-23

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/004,118 Continuation US20210013731A1 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-08-27 Charging Apparatus And Method Of Secondary Battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020116853A1 true WO2020116853A1 (fr) 2020-06-11

Family

ID=70975496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR2019/016504 WO2020116853A1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2019-11-27 Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2020116853A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113161638A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-23 上海大学 一种应力调控的长寿命锂离子电池快速充电方法
CN115017781A (zh) * 2022-08-05 2022-09-06 天目湖先进储能技术研究院有限公司 一种锂离子电池电化学-热-力-短路-热失控耦合模型
CN115494400A (zh) * 2022-11-07 2022-12-20 河南科技学院 一种基于集成学习的锂电池析锂状态在线监控方法
CN115951236A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-04-11 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 锂电池状态监测方法及系统、装置、存储介质
CN117236200A (zh) * 2023-11-16 2023-12-15 北京航空航天大学 基于数据驱动降阶模型的飞行汽车电池快充策略优化方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9197089B2 (en) * 2011-11-14 2015-11-24 Auburn University Rapid battery charging method and system
US20160336765A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2016-11-17 Utah State University Model predictive control and optimization for battery charging and discharging
KR20170134193A (ko) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-06 삼성전자주식회사 배터리의 충전 상태를 추정하는 방법 및 그 방법을 실행하는 배터리 관리 시스템
KR20190060657A (ko) 2017-11-24 2019-06-03 주식회사 케이티 LTE에서 데이터 채널을 송수신하기 위한 다중 sTTI 기반 스케줄링 방법 및 그 장치

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9197089B2 (en) * 2011-11-14 2015-11-24 Auburn University Rapid battery charging method and system
US20160336765A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2016-11-17 Utah State University Model predictive control and optimization for battery charging and discharging
KR20170134193A (ko) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-06 삼성전자주식회사 배터리의 충전 상태를 추정하는 방법 및 그 방법을 실행하는 배터리 관리 시스템
KR20190060657A (ko) 2017-11-24 2019-06-03 주식회사 케이티 LTE에서 데이터 채널을 송수신하기 위한 다중 sTTI 기반 스케줄링 방법 및 그 장치

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J. LIN. LOTFIR. G. LANDERSJ. PARK: "A Single Particle Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Electrolyte and Stress-Enhanced Diffusion Physics", JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 164, no. 4, 2017, pages A874 - A883
KUMAR, V. SENTHIL.: "Reduced order model for a lithium ion cell with uni form reaction rate approximation", JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, vol. 222, 5 September 2012 (2012-09-05), pages 426 - 441, XP028516114 *
LEE, JAMES L. ET AL.: "Extended operating range for reduced-order model of lithium-ion cells", IN: JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, vol. 255, 1 June 2014 (2014-06-01), pages 85 - 100, XP028613878, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.134 *
X. LIM. XIAOS. Y. CHOE: "Reduced order model (ROM) of a pouch type lithium polymer battery based on electrochemical thermal principles for real time applications", ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, vol. 97, 2013, pages 66 - 78

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113161638A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-07-23 上海大学 一种应力调控的长寿命锂离子电池快速充电方法
CN113161638B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2023-05-16 上海大学 一种应力调控的长寿命锂离子电池快速充电方法
CN115017781A (zh) * 2022-08-05 2022-09-06 天目湖先进储能技术研究院有限公司 一种锂离子电池电化学-热-力-短路-热失控耦合模型
CN115494400A (zh) * 2022-11-07 2022-12-20 河南科技学院 一种基于集成学习的锂电池析锂状态在线监控方法
CN115494400B (zh) * 2022-11-07 2023-03-28 河南科技学院 一种基于集成学习的锂电池析锂状态在线监控方法
CN115951236A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-04-11 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 锂电池状态监测方法及系统、装置、存储介质
CN115951236B (zh) * 2023-02-27 2024-03-22 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 锂电池状态监测方法及系统、装置、存储介质
CN117236200A (zh) * 2023-11-16 2023-12-15 北京航空航天大学 基于数据驱动降阶模型的飞行汽车电池快充策略优化方法
CN117236200B (zh) * 2023-11-16 2024-02-02 北京航空航天大学 基于数据驱动降阶模型的飞行汽车电池快充策略优化方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2020116853A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de charge de batterie secondaire
WO2017034277A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé pour estimer le degré de vieillissement d'une batterie secondaire
WO2020204584A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de gestion de batterie
WO2017082705A1 (fr) Système de réglage de paramètres de sortie de pile rechargeable, et procédé correspondant
WO2018139764A2 (fr) Appareil et procédé de gestion de batterie
WO2018105881A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé de gestion de batterie
WO2018199434A1 (fr) Procédé de prédiction de l'état de vie d'une batterie sur la base de données de simulation numérique
WO2022031059A1 (fr) Système et procédé d'optimisation d'excitation de courant pour l'identification d'un paramètre électrochimique de batterie à partir d'une formule de sensibilité analytique
WO2020130324A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de commande de charge en étape d'une batterie secondaire
WO2009088272A2 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de l'état de charge (soc) d'une batterie dans un système de gestion de batterie
WO2016053055A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de mesure de la résistance d'isolation permettant de mesurer rapidement la résistance d'isolation
WO2019074221A1 (fr) Appareil permettant d'estimer un état de charge d'une batterie secondaire et procédé associé
WO2019208924A1 (fr) Procédé d'estimation d'état de batterie
WO2019199064A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de diagnostic de batterie
WO2017034275A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé pour maintenir une condition de charge d'une batterie secondaire
WO2019139335A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé permettant de tester les performances d'une cellule de batterie
WO2018038383A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé permettant de tester les performances d'une cellule de batterie rechargeable
WO2015056964A1 (fr) Appareil d'estimation de l'état d'une batterie rechargeable hybride et procédé associé
WO2019151674A1 (fr) Procédé de détermination de limite de puissance de batterie et système de gestion de batterie
WO2020189918A1 (fr) Dispositif de gestion de batterie
WO2017043890A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé pour conduire un essai de pénétration de clou pour batterie secondaire
WO2020184812A1 (fr) Procédé d'estimation d'état de santé de batterie
WO2015174766A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de simulation de système de refroidissement de batterie
WO2021080161A1 (fr) Système de gestion de batterie, bloc-batterie, véhicule électrique et procédé de gestion de batterie
WO2020130430A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé de commande de charge pour bloc-batterie secondaire

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19893667

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2020543998

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019893667

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20210111

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE