WO2020115967A1 - X-ray imaging device - Google Patents

X-ray imaging device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020115967A1
WO2020115967A1 PCT/JP2019/034332 JP2019034332W WO2020115967A1 WO 2020115967 A1 WO2020115967 A1 WO 2020115967A1 JP 2019034332 W JP2019034332 W JP 2019034332W WO 2020115967 A1 WO2020115967 A1 WO 2020115967A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
housing
ray
insulating plate
lighting
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Application number
PCT/JP2019/034332
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山本　修一郎
智一 布川
公 小池
巧人 醍醐
Original Assignee
アールテック株式会社
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Application filed by アールテック株式会社 filed Critical アールテック株式会社
Priority to JP2019548356A priority Critical patent/JP6651093B1/en
Publication of WO2020115967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020115967A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/08—Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D1/00—Surgical instruments for veterinary use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus for irradiating an object to be imaged such as an animal with X-rays for imaging, and more specifically to an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of obtaining an appropriate X-ray image.
  • Patent Document 1 Various types of X-ray imaging apparatuses have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is an X-ray irradiator that irradiates an object to be imaged with X-rays, and an X-ray irradiator that irradiates visible light toward the object to be imaged. It is provided with an illumination indicating the range of the line and a switch mechanism which is installed near the X-ray irradiator and switches ON/OFF of the illumination.
  • the operator of the X-ray imaging device aligns the X-ray irradiator with the illumination turned on, and then operates the switch mechanism to turn off the illumination. After turning off the illumination, X-rays were emitted from the X-ray irradiator to perform imaging. Since the illumination switch mechanism is a mechanical switch, there is a problem that the X-ray irradiator moves or vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus that can obtain an appropriate X-ray image.
  • An X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is an X-ray irradiator that irradiates an object to be imaged with X-rays, and an X-ray that irradiates the object to be imaged with visible light.
  • An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising: an illumination indicating a range of X-rays emitted from an irradiator; and a switch mechanism installed in a housing forming the X-ray irradiator and switching ON/OFF of the illumination.
  • the mechanism is composed of an insulator and is fixed to the casing in a state of penetrating the inside and outside of the casing, and an insulating plate having a surface that is the outside of the casing and a back surface that is the inside of the casing.
  • An antenna installed on the back surface of the insulating plate and connected between the antenna and the lighting to control at least one of turning on and off of the lighting based on an amount of change in capacitance of the antenna.
  • a control unit that operates.
  • the lighting of the light can be controlled by turning the hand close to the insulating plate forming the switch mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the movement of the X-ray irradiator and the vibration of the X-ray irradiator caused by the operation of the switch mechanism. This is advantageous for obtaining a proper X-ray image.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating an enlarged example of the X-ray irradiator in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the bottom surface side of the X-ray irradiator of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of the switch mechanism.
  • FIG. 5 is explanatory drawing which shows the back surface of the insulating board of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the AA arrow direction of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the shortest distance from the antenna to the surface of the insulating plate or the housing.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in the drawings.
  • the width direction of the insulating plate formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape is indicated by arrow x
  • the lateral direction of the insulating plate is indicated by arrow y
  • the vertical direction of the insulating plate is indicated by arrow z.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 includes an imaging table 2 on which an object to be imaged is placed, and an X-ray irradiator 3 that irradiates the object to be imaged with X-rays.
  • a power supply unit 4 that supplies electric power to the X-ray irradiator 3 and a main body 5 that is arranged above the power supply unit 4 and controls the X-ray irradiator 3 are provided.
  • the X-ray irradiator 3 is connected to the upper end of the main body 5 and is arranged above the imaging table 2.
  • the main body 5 is equipped with a control device and an operation panel for controlling the intensity and irradiation time of X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiator 3.
  • the power supply unit 4 has a function of supplying high-voltage electricity to the X-ray irradiator 3.
  • Photographer stand 2 is located above power supply unit 4. An object to be photographed such as an animal is placed on the upper surface of the photographing table 2. All the devices that make up the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 are connected to each other. That is, the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of this embodiment is integrally configured.
  • the X-ray irradiator 3 irradiates the X-ray tube 6 that generates X-rays to be irradiated toward the imaging target and the visible light in the same range as the X-rays that are irradiated from the X-ray tube 6.
  • the lighting 7 is provided.
  • the X-ray tube 6 and the illumination 7 are arranged inside the housing 8.
  • the X-ray tube 6 is arranged inside the X-ray tube unit 6a filled with insulating oil.
  • the X-ray tube 6, the X-ray tube unit 6a, and the illumination 7 arranged inside the housing 8 are shown by broken lines for the sake of explanation.
  • An irradiation window 6b is formed on the bottom surface of the X-ray irradiator 3 as illustrated in FIG.
  • the X-rays generated by the X-ray tube 6 are irradiated toward the object to be imaged through the irradiation window 6b.
  • Visible light from the illumination 7 is reflected by a mirror (not shown) arranged inside the housing 8 and is irradiated from the irradiation window 6b toward the object to be photographed.
  • the mirror is made of a material such as a plastic mirror that reflects visible light but transmits X-rays.
  • Illumination 7 is composed of lighting equipment that emits visible light, such as LED lighting and fluorescent lighting.
  • the housing 8 is made of metal such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof.
  • the housing 8 may be made of a metal material other than the metal described above.
  • the housing 8 may be made of a material other than a metal material such as a synthetic resin.
  • the housing 8 may be configured by combining a plurality of different materials.
  • a switch mechanism 9 for switching the lighting 7 on and off is installed on the wall surface of the housing 8.
  • the switch mechanism 9 is connected to the lighting 7, and switches the lighting 7 on and off.
  • an object to be imaged such as an animal is placed on the imaging table 2.
  • the operator operates the switch mechanism 9 to turn on the illumination 7.
  • the range of visible light emitted by the illumination 7 is set in advance so as to match the range of X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiator 3. Therefore, the operator adjusts the X-ray irradiation range by tilting the X-ray irradiator 3, adjusting the diaphragm, and moving the imaging table 2 while checking the range illuminated by the illumination 7.
  • the operator After the range of X-ray irradiation is determined, the operator operates the switch mechanism 9 to turn off the illumination 7. After that, the operator irradiates X-rays from the X-ray irradiator 3 and acquires an X-ray image.
  • the switch mechanism 9 includes an insulating plate 10 fixed to the housing 8 in a state of penetrating the wall surface of the housing 8 from the inside to the outside, and an antenna installed on the insulating plate 10. 11 and a control unit 12 connected between the antenna 11 and the illumination 7.
  • the insulating plate 10 is made of a rectangular parallelepiped insulator.
  • the insulating plate 10 can be made of resin such as ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin).
  • the resin forming the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and may be formed of other resins such as PET resin (polyethylene terephthalate resin), PE resin (polyethylene resin), and PF resin (phenol resin).
  • the material forming the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and any material having an insulating property may be used.
  • the insulating plate 10 may be made of glass such as quartz glass or borosilicate glass, or ceramics.
  • the shape of the insulating plate 10 may be, for example, a triangular prism shape, a disk shape, or any other shape, and is not limited to the rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the insulating plate 10 can be configured to have a size of, for example, 60 mm in length, 120 mm in width, and 30 mm in thickness.
  • the size of the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and may be set, for example, in the range of 50 to 70 mm in length, 100 to 140 mm in width, and 10 to 50 mm in thickness.
  • the insulating plate 10 has a surface 10 a located outside the housing 8 and a back surface 10 b located inside the housing 8.
  • the insulating plate 10 is arranged in a state of being fitted into the through hole 13 that penetrates the outside and the inside of the wall surface that forms the housing 8.
  • the side surface 10c connecting the front surface 10a and the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 is fixed in a state of being in contact with the through hole 13 of the housing 8.
  • the antenna 11 is disposed on the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10. 4 and 6, a part of the antenna 11 is shown by a broken line for the sake of explanation.
  • the antenna 11 can be configured by a metal wire that is bent and formed into a substantially square shape.
  • the antenna 11 is formed in a rectangular shape that does not close.
  • the antenna 11 can be configured in a quadrangle having a length of 50 mm and a width of 100 mm, for example.
  • the size of the quadrangle of the antenna 11 is not limited to the above, and may be set, for example, in the range of 40 to 60 mm in length and 80 to 120 mm in width.
  • the diameter of the metal wire forming the antenna 11 can be set to 1.0 mm, for example.
  • the diameter of the metal wire is not limited to the above, and can be set, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  • the antenna 11 is arranged on the insulating plate 10 in a state where the center of the quadrangle formed by the antenna 11 and the quadrangle formed by the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 are substantially coincident with each other. Is desirable. Further, it is desirable that the antenna 11 is arranged on the insulating plate 10 in a state in which the square formed by the antenna 11 and the square formed by the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 are parallel to each other.
  • the antenna 11 may be a closed quadrangle or a quadrangular metal plate.
  • the antenna 11 can be configured to be directly bonded to the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 with an adhesive or the like. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the rear surface 10b may be provided with a substantially rectangular groove portion 15 and the antenna 11 may be embedded in the groove portion 15. By embedding the antenna 11 in the groove portion 15, the antenna 11 can be more firmly fixed to the insulating plate 10. After arranging the antenna 11 in the groove 15, the groove 15 may be filled with a synthetic resin or the like to fill the groove 15.
  • connection line 14 is a shield line.
  • the control unit 12 includes a detection circuit 16 connected to the connection line 14 extending from the antenna 11, and an output circuit 17 connected between the detection circuit 16 and the illumination 7.
  • the antenna 11 and the control unit 12 may be connected by a single connection line 14.
  • the antenna 11 forming the quadrangle can be configured such that one end is connected to or close to the connection line 14 and the other end is cut in the groove 15, for example. Since the lengths of the wires forming the antenna 11 and the connection wire 14 can be shortened, it is advantageous to suppress the manufacturing cost of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1. Moreover, the influence of noise can be suppressed by shortening the connection line 14.
  • the detection circuit 16 is composed of an electronic circuit such as an integrated circuit, and detects the amount of change in capacitance of the antenna 11.
  • the detection circuit 16 has a configuration in which, for example, a voltage is measured and a signal is sent to the output circuit 17 when the amount of change in the voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • the detection circuit 16 may be configured to measure the frequency and send a signal to the output circuit 17 when the amount of change in the frequency exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • the output circuit 17 sends a signal to the lighting 7 based on the signal from the detection circuit 16.
  • the output circuit 17 can switch between turning off and lighting the illumination 7 by this signal.
  • the capacitance of the antenna 11 increases.
  • a signal is sent from the control unit 12 to the illumination 7 to switch the illumination 7 off and on.
  • the control unit 12 may be configured to send a signal to the illumination 7 when the operator's hand approaches or contacts the insulating plate 10 without touching it.
  • the operator can switch the lighting 7 off and on without applying any force to the X-ray irradiator 3. It is possible to suppress the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves due to the operation of the stitch mechanism 9 by the operator and the range in which the X-ray is irradiated changes. Further, it is possible to suppress the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism 9. This is advantageous for obtaining a proper X-ray image.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 can have a structure in which the X-ray irradiator 3 can be tilted with respect to the main body 5 with a relatively small force.
  • the operator can position the X-ray irradiator 3 by applying a relatively small force with the other hand while holding down the animal as the imaging target with one hand, for example. It becomes easy to finely adjust the imaging range in the X-ray imaging apparatus 1. Since the switch mechanism 9 can be operated with a force smaller than the force applied to the X-ray irradiator 3 when performing the alignment, it is possible to avoid the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 which has already been aligned moves unintentionally. ..
  • the control unit 12 turns on and off the illumination 7.
  • the configuration may be switched.
  • the control unit 12 may include a timer circuit.
  • the illumination 7 may be turned on when the operator's hand approaches the insulating plate 10, and the illumination 7 may be automatically turned off after a preset time such as 30 seconds elapses. It is advantageous to surely prevent the defect that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves or vibrates when the illumination 7 is turned off.
  • the control unit 12 may have a configuration capable of controlling at least one of turning on and off the light 7 based on the amount of change in the capacitance of the antenna 11.
  • the area of the region surrounded by the antenna 11 is smaller than the area of the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10.
  • the area of the rectangular region surrounded by the antenna 11 is set to about 70% of the area of the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10. This is advantageous for improving the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 and suppressing the influence of noise originating from the metal housing 8.
  • the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8 is set to be larger than the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10. It is advantageous to suppress the influence of noise originating from the housing 8. According to this configuration, even when the housing 8 is made of a metal material, it is possible to accurately detect the approach of the operator's hand to the antenna 11 while suppressing the influence of noise from the housing 8.
  • the shortest distance L1 is the shortest distance at the position closest to the housing 8 in the entire antenna 11.
  • the shortest distance L2 is the shortest distance at the position closest to the surface 10a in the entire antenna 11.
  • a straight line connecting the antenna 11 and the housing 8 or the antenna 11 and the surface 10a often has the shortest distance on the plane formed by the width direction x and the vertical direction z.
  • the groove 15 may not be formed on the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 and the antenna 11 may be fixed to the back surface 10b as it is.
  • the configuration in which the antenna 11 is fixed to the groove portion 15 can reduce the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a without significantly reducing the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8. Since the shortest distance L2 is smaller than the shortest distance L1, it is advantageous to improve the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 while suppressing noise originating from the housing 8.
  • the thickness d2 of the insulating plate 10 is set to be larger than the thickness d1 of the wall surface of the housing 8 in the width direction x. Further, in the width direction x, it is desirable to arrange the entire antenna 11 at a position that is inside the housing 8 (left side in FIG. 7) with respect to the inner side surface 8b of the wall surface of the housing 8. It is advantageous to make the shortest distance L2 to the surface 10a smaller than the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8.
  • the outer surface 8a of the wall surface of the housing 8 and the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 may be flush with each other. It is advantageous to make the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a smaller.
  • the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 may project outward (to the right in FIG. 7) from the outer surface 8a of the wall surface of the housing 8.
  • a recess 18 may be formed on the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10.
  • the recess 18 can be formed by hollowing out the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 so as to be convex toward the back surface 10b. With this configuration, the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a can be further reduced. This is advantageous for improving the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9.
  • a virtual surface 19 formed at a position separated from the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 is provided, and the switch mechanism 9 switches the illumination 7 when the operator's hand touches the virtual surface 19. May be.
  • the operator can switch the illumination 7 without touching the insulating plate 10 of the switch mechanism 9. Since the operator can switch the lighting 7 on and off in a non-contact manner, it is possible to reliably prevent the trouble that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves or vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism 9.
  • the virtual plane 19 is shown by a dashed line for the sake of explanation.
  • the configuration including the virtual surface 19 can be applied to other embodiments such as the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
  • the position of the virtual surface 19 can be moved closer to or away from the surface 10a.
  • the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 can be changed by changing the material forming the insulating plate 10 to a material having a different relative dielectric constant.
  • the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the housing 8 is arranged between the antenna 11 and the housing 8 in inverse proportion to the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8. It is proportional to the relative permittivity of the substance. The larger the capacitance, the larger the noise.
  • the capacitance between the antenna 11 and the operator is the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 and the shortest distance L3 from the surface 10a to the virtual surface 19. Inversely proportional. It is proportional to the relative permittivity of the substance between the antenna 11 and the surface 10a and the relative permittivity of the substance between the surface 10a and the virtual plane 19. The larger the capacitance, the higher the sensitivity.
  • the insulating plate 10 may be made of two or more different materials.
  • the peripheral portion 10d and the central portion 10e of the insulating plate 10 can be made of different materials.
  • the peripheral portion 10d can be made of, for example, resin or glass.
  • the relative permittivity of these is about 2.0 to 6.0. Further, the relative permittivity may be further reduced by making the peripheral portion 10d have a hollow structure or a porous structure to contain air.
  • the central portion 10e can be made of, for example, a metal oxide.
  • the central portion 10e can be made of alumina, zirconia, or titania, for example. Their relative permittivity is about 10.0 to 190.0.
  • the insulating plate 10 It is desirable to configure the insulating plate 10 by selecting materials so that the relative permittivity of the peripheral portion 10d becomes smaller than that of the central portion 10e. Noise can be suppressed by reducing the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the housing 8, while sensitivity can be improved by increasing the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the virtual surface 19.
  • the material forming the peripheral portion 10d and the central portion 10e is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately selected.
  • the capacitance may be adjusted by appropriately setting the distances L1 to L3.
  • the material is not limited to this.
  • a material having a relatively low relative permittivity may be disposed between the antenna 11 and the housing 8, and a material having a relatively high relative permittivity may be disposed between the antenna 11 and the surface 10a.
  • a plate-shaped material having a relatively low dielectric constant may be arranged between the antenna 11 and the housing 8.
  • the insulating plate 10 may be made of three or more materials.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of the present invention is not limited to the integrally configured one illustrated in FIG.
  • the imaging table 2 may be configured separately, or the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 in which the X-ray irradiator 3 is suspended from the ceiling or the like may be used.

Abstract

Provided is an X-ray imaging device capable of obtaining an appropriate X-ray image. An X-ray imaging device 1 is provided with an X-ray radiator 3 for radiating X-rays toward an imaging target object, lighting 7 which radiates visible light toward the imaging target object to indicate an area of the X-rays radiated from the X-ray radiator 3, and a switch mechanism 9 which is installed in a housing 8 forming the X-ray radiator 3 and which switches between the lighting 7 being turned on and turned off, wherein an isolating plate 10 is fixed penetrating through from the inside to the outside of the housing 8, an antenna 11 is installed on a rear surface 10b, which is a surface of the isolating plate 10 on the inside of the housing 8, and a control unit 12 for controlling at least one of the turning on and the turning off of the lighting 7 on the basis of an amount of change in electrostatic capacitance of the antenna 11 is connected between the antenna 11 and the lighting 7.

Description

Ｘ線撮影装置X-ray equipment
　本発明は、動物などの撮影対象物にＸ線を照射して撮影を行うＸ線撮影装置に関し、詳しくは適切なＸ線画像を得られるＸ線撮影装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus for irradiating an object to be imaged such as an animal with X-rays for imaging, and more specifically to an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of obtaining an appropriate X-ray image.
　Ｘ線撮影装置が種々提案されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。特許文献１に記載のＸ線撮影装置は、撮影対象物に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線照射器と、撮影対象物に向けて可視光を照射してＸ線照射器から照射されるＸ線の範囲を示す照明と、Ｘ線照射器の近傍に設置されていて照明の点灯および消灯を切り替えるスイッチ機構を備えている。 Various types of X-ray imaging apparatuses have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). The X-ray imaging apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is an X-ray irradiator that irradiates an object to be imaged with X-rays, and an X-ray irradiator that irradiates visible light toward the object to be imaged. It is provided with an illumination indicating the range of the line and a switch mechanism which is installed near the X-ray irradiator and switches ON/OFF of the illumination.
　Ｘ線撮影装置の操作者は、照明を点灯させた状態でＸ線照射器の位置合わせを行い、その後スイッチ機構を操作して照明を消灯させる。照明を消灯させた後にＸ線照射器からＸ線を照射させて撮影を行っていた。照明のスイッチ機構が機械式スイッチであったため、スイッチ機構の操作にともないＸ線照射器が移動したり振動したりする不具合があった。 The operator of the X-ray imaging device aligns the X-ray irradiator with the illumination turned on, and then operates the switch mechanism to turn off the illumination. After turning off the illumination, X-rays were emitted from the X-ray irradiator to perform imaging. Since the illumination switch mechanism is a mechanical switch, there is a problem that the X-ray irradiator moves or vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism.
　Ｘ線照射器が移動すると位置合わせをした範囲とは異なる範囲のＸ線画像が得られてしまう不具合があった。またＸ線の照射中にＸ線照射器が振動しているとＸ線画像にブレが生じる不具合があった。適切なＸ線画像が得られず、Ｘ線撮影のやり直しが必要な場合があった。 　When the X-ray irradiator moved, there was a problem that an X-ray image of a range different from the aligned range was obtained. Further, when the X-ray irradiator vibrates during X-ray irradiation, there is a problem that the X-ray image is blurred. In some cases, an appropriate X-ray image could not be obtained, and X-ray imaging had to be redone.
日本国特開２０１３－２１５４９５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-215495
　本発明は上記の問題を鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は適切なＸ線画像を得られるＸ線撮影装置を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an X-ray imaging apparatus that can obtain an appropriate X-ray image.
　上記の目的を達成するための本発明のＸ線撮影装置は、撮影対象物に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線照射器と、前記撮影対象物に向けて可視光を照射して前記Ｘ線照射器から照射されるＸ線の範囲を示す照明と、前記Ｘ線照射器を構成する筺体に設置されていて前記照明の点灯および消灯を切り替えるスイッチ機構とを備えるＸ線撮影装置において、前記スイッチ機構が、絶縁体で構成されるとともに前記筺体の内側と外側とを貫通する状態で前記筺体に固定されていて前記筺体の外側となる表面と前記筺体の内側となる背面とを有する絶縁板と、この絶縁板の前記背面に設置されるアンテナと、このアンテナと前記照明との間に接続されていて前記アンテナの静電容量の変化量に基づいて前記照明の点灯または消灯の少なくとも一方を制御する制御部とを備えることを特徴とする。 An X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is an X-ray irradiator that irradiates an object to be imaged with X-rays, and an X-ray that irradiates the object to be imaged with visible light. An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising: an illumination indicating a range of X-rays emitted from an irradiator; and a switch mechanism installed in a housing forming the X-ray irradiator and switching ON/OFF of the illumination. The mechanism is composed of an insulator and is fixed to the casing in a state of penetrating the inside and outside of the casing, and an insulating plate having a surface that is the outside of the casing and a back surface that is the inside of the casing. An antenna installed on the back surface of the insulating plate and connected between the antenna and the lighting to control at least one of turning on and off of the lighting based on an amount of change in capacitance of the antenna. And a control unit that operates.
　本発明のＸ線撮影装置によれば、スイッチ機構を構成する絶縁板に手を接近させることで照明の点灯または消灯を制御できる。そのためスイッチ機構の操作にともないＸ線照射器に発生する移動やＸ線照射器の振動を抑制できる。適切なＸ線画像を得るには有利である。 According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, the lighting of the light can be controlled by turning the hand close to the insulating plate forming the switch mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the movement of the X-ray irradiator and the vibration of the X-ray irradiator caused by the operation of the switch mechanism. This is advantageous for obtaining a proper X-ray image.
図１は、本発明のＸ線撮影装置を例示する説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention. 図２は、図１のＸ線照射器を拡大して例示する説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating an enlarged example of the X-ray irradiator in FIG. 1. 図３は、図２のＸ線照射器の底面側を例示する説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the bottom surface side of the X-ray irradiator of FIG. 2. 図４は、スイッチ機構の構成を例示する説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of the switch mechanism. 図５は、図４の絶縁板の背面を示す説明図である。FIG. 5: is explanatory drawing which shows the back surface of the insulating board of FIG. 図６は、図５のＡＡ矢視を示す説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the AA arrow direction of FIG. 図７は、アンテナから絶縁板の表面または筺体までの最短距離を例示する説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the shortest distance from the antenna to the surface of the insulating plate or the housing. 図８は、図６の変形例を例示する説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 6. 図９は、図７の変形例を例示する説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 7. 図１０は、図８の変形例を例示する説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modification of FIG.
　以下、本発明のＸ線撮影装置を図に示した実施形態に基づいて説明する。図中では直方体形状に形成される絶縁板の幅方向を矢印ｘ、絶縁板の横方向を矢印ｙ、絶縁板の縦方向を矢印ｚで示している。 Hereinafter, the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in the drawings. In the drawing, the width direction of the insulating plate formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape is indicated by arrow x, the lateral direction of the insulating plate is indicated by arrow y, and the vertical direction of the insulating plate is indicated by arrow z.
　図１に例示するようにＸ線撮影装置１は、撮影対象物を載置する撮影台２と、撮影対象物に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線照射器３とを備えている。この実施形態ではＸ線照射器３に電力を供給する電源部４と、電源部４の上方に配置されてＸ線照射器３の制御を行う本体５とを備えている。
　Ｘ線照射器３は本体５の上端に連結されていて、撮影台２の上方となる位置に配置されている。 As illustrated in FIG. 1, the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 includes an imaging table 2 on which an object to be imaged is placed, and an X-ray irradiator 3 that irradiates the object to be imaged with X-rays. In this embodiment, a power supply unit 4 that supplies electric power to the X-ray irradiator 3 and a main body 5 that is arranged above the power supply unit 4 and controls the X-ray irradiator 3 are provided.
The X-ray irradiator 3 is connected to the upper end of the main body 5 and is arranged above the imaging table 2.
　本体５は、Ｘ線照射器３から照射されるＸ線の強度や照射時間の制御を行う制御装置および操作パネルを備えている。電源部４は、高電圧の電気をＸ線照射器３に供給する機能を備えている。 The main body 5 is equipped with a control device and an operation panel for controlling the intensity and irradiation time of X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiator 3. The power supply unit 4 has a function of supplying high-voltage electricity to the X-ray irradiator 3.
　撮影台２は電源部４の上に配置されている。撮影台２の上面には動物等の撮影対象物が載置される。Ｘ線撮影装置１を構成する機器はすべて互いに連結されている。つまりこの実施形態のＸ線撮影装置１は一体的に構成されている。 Photographer stand 2 is located above power supply unit 4. An object to be photographed such as an animal is placed on the upper surface of the photographing table 2. All the devices that make up the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 are connected to each other. That is, the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of this embodiment is integrally configured.
　図２に例示するようにＸ線照射器３は、撮影対象に向けて照射するＸ線を発生させるＸ線管６と、Ｘ線管６から照射されるＸ線と同じ範囲に可視光を照射する照明７とを備えている。Ｘ線管６と照明７とは筺体８の内部に配置されている。Ｘ線管６は絶縁油を充填されるＸ線管ユニット６ａの内部に配置されている。図２では説明のため筺体８の内部に配置されるＸ線管６とＸ線管ユニット６ａと照明７とを破線で示している。 As illustrated in FIG. 2, the X-ray irradiator 3 irradiates the X-ray tube 6 that generates X-rays to be irradiated toward the imaging target and the visible light in the same range as the X-rays that are irradiated from the X-ray tube 6. The lighting 7 is provided. The X-ray tube 6 and the illumination 7 are arranged inside the housing 8. The X-ray tube 6 is arranged inside the X-ray tube unit 6a filled with insulating oil. In FIG. 2, the X-ray tube 6, the X-ray tube unit 6a, and the illumination 7 arranged inside the housing 8 are shown by broken lines for the sake of explanation.
　図３に例示するようにＸ線照射器３の底面には照射窓６ｂが形成されている。Ｘ線管６で発生したＸ線はこの照射窓６ｂから撮影対象物に向かって照射される。照明７からの可視光は筺体８の内部に配置されている図示しないミラーに反射して照射窓６ｂから撮影対象物に向かって照射される。ミラーは例えばプラスチックミラーなど可視光は反射するがＸ線が透過する材料で構成されている。 An irradiation window 6b is formed on the bottom surface of the X-ray irradiator 3 as illustrated in FIG. The X-rays generated by the X-ray tube 6 are irradiated toward the object to be imaged through the irradiation window 6b. Visible light from the illumination 7 is reflected by a mirror (not shown) arranged inside the housing 8 and is irradiated from the irradiation window 6b toward the object to be photographed. The mirror is made of a material such as a plastic mirror that reflects visible light but transmits X-rays.
　照明７はＬＥＤ照明や蛍光灯など可視光を照射する照明器具で構成されている。筺体８は例えば鉄やアルミニウムやステンレス鋼やこれらの合金などの金属で構成される。前述した金属以外の金属材料で筺体８は構成されてもよい。また例えば合成樹脂など金属材料以外の材料で筐体８は構成されてもよい。筺体８は、異なる複数の材料を組み合わせて構成されてもよい。 Illumination 7 is composed of lighting equipment that emits visible light, such as LED lighting and fluorescent lighting. The housing 8 is made of metal such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof. The housing 8 may be made of a metal material other than the metal described above. The housing 8 may be made of a material other than a metal material such as a synthetic resin. The housing 8 may be configured by combining a plurality of different materials.
　図２に例示するように筺体８の壁面には照明７の点灯および消灯を切り替えるスイッチ機構９が設置されている。スイッチ機構９は照明７に接続されていて、照明７の点灯および消灯の切り替えを行う。 As illustrated in FIG. 2, a switch mechanism 9 for switching the lighting 7 on and off is installed on the wall surface of the housing 8. The switch mechanism 9 is connected to the lighting 7, and switches the lighting 7 on and off.
　Ｘ線撮影装置１でＸ線画像を取得する場合は、まず動物などの撮影対象物を撮影台２の上に載置する。操作者はスイッチ機構９を操作して照明７を点灯させる。照明７により照射される可視光の範囲は、Ｘ線照射器３から照射されるＸ線の範囲と一致する状態に予め設定されている。そのため操作者は照明７により照らされる範囲を確認しながら、Ｘ線照射器３を傾けたり絞りを調整したり、撮影台２を移動させたりしてＸ線が照射される範囲を調整する。 When acquiring an X-ray image with the X-ray imaging apparatus 1, first, an object to be imaged such as an animal is placed on the imaging table 2. The operator operates the switch mechanism 9 to turn on the illumination 7. The range of visible light emitted by the illumination 7 is set in advance so as to match the range of X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiator 3. Therefore, the operator adjusts the X-ray irradiation range by tilting the X-ray irradiator 3, adjusting the diaphragm, and moving the imaging table 2 while checking the range illuminated by the illumination 7.
　Ｘ線が照射される範囲が決定された後に、操作者はスイッチ機構９を操作して照明７を消灯させる。その後操作者は、Ｘ線照射器３からＸ線を照射させてＸ線画像を取得する。 After the range of X-ray irradiation is determined, the operator operates the switch mechanism 9 to turn off the illumination 7. After that, the operator irradiates X-rays from the X-ray irradiator 3 and acquires an X-ray image.
　図４および図５および図６に例示するようにスイッチ機構９は、筺体８の壁面を内側から外側に貫通する状態で筺体８に固定される絶縁板１０と、絶縁板１０に設置されるアンテナ１１と、このアンテナ１１と照明７との間に接続される制御部１２とを備えている。 As illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the switch mechanism 9 includes an insulating plate 10 fixed to the housing 8 in a state of penetrating the wall surface of the housing 8 from the inside to the outside, and an antenna installed on the insulating plate 10. 11 and a control unit 12 connected between the antenna 11 and the illumination 7.
　絶縁板１０は直方体形状の絶縁体で構成されている。絶縁板１０は例えばＡＢＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン樹脂）などの樹脂で構成することができる。絶縁板１０を構成する樹脂は上記に限らず、ＰＥＴ樹脂（ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂）やＰＥ樹脂（ポリエチレン樹脂）やＰＦ樹脂（フェノール樹脂）など他の樹脂で構成してもよい。絶縁板１０を構成する材料は上記に限らず絶縁性を有する材料で構成されていればよい。例えば石英ガラスやホウケイ酸ガラスなどのガラス、セラミックスで絶縁板１０を構成してもよい。絶縁板１０の形状は例えば三角柱形状や円盤形状やその他の形状などとしてもよく直方体形状に限らない。 The insulating plate 10 is made of a rectangular parallelepiped insulator. The insulating plate 10 can be made of resin such as ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin). The resin forming the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and may be formed of other resins such as PET resin (polyethylene terephthalate resin), PE resin (polyethylene resin), and PF resin (phenol resin). The material forming the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and any material having an insulating property may be used. For example, the insulating plate 10 may be made of glass such as quartz glass or borosilicate glass, or ceramics. The shape of the insulating plate 10 may be, for example, a triangular prism shape, a disk shape, or any other shape, and is not limited to the rectangular parallelepiped shape.
　絶縁板１０は例えば縦６０ｍｍ、横１２０ｍｍ、厚さ３０ｍｍの大きさに構成することができる。絶縁板１０の大きさは前述に限らず、例えば縦５０～７０ｍｍ、横１００～１４０ｍｍ、厚さ１０～５０ｍｍの範囲で設定してもよい。 The insulating plate 10 can be configured to have a size of, for example, 60 mm in length, 120 mm in width, and 30 mm in thickness. The size of the insulating plate 10 is not limited to the above, and may be set, for example, in the range of 50 to 70 mm in length, 100 to 140 mm in width, and 10 to 50 mm in thickness.
　絶縁板１０は、筺体８の外側に位置する表面１０ａと筺体８の内側に位置する背面１０ｂとを有している。筺体８を構成する壁面の外側と内側とを貫通する貫通孔１３に嵌合する状態で絶縁板１０は配置されている。絶縁板１０の表面１０ａと背面１０ｂとを結ぶ側面１０ｃが筺体８の貫通孔１３に接触する状態で固定されている。 The insulating plate 10 has a surface 10 a located outside the housing 8 and a back surface 10 b located inside the housing 8. The insulating plate 10 is arranged in a state of being fitted into the through hole 13 that penetrates the outside and the inside of the wall surface that forms the housing 8. The side surface 10c connecting the front surface 10a and the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 is fixed in a state of being in contact with the through hole 13 of the housing 8.
　図４および図６に例示するようにアンテナ１１は、絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂに配置されている。図４および図６では説明のためアンテナ１１の一部を破線で示している。図５に例示するようにアンテナ１１は、折り曲げて略四角形に形成される金属線で構成できる。この実施形態ではアンテナ１１は閉じない四角形で構成されている。アンテナ１１は例えば縦５０ｍｍ、横１００ｍｍの四角形に構成することができる。アンテナ１１の四角形の大きさは前述に限らず、例えば縦４０～６０ｍｍ、横８０～１２０ｍｍの範囲で設定してもよい。 As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, the antenna 11 is disposed on the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10. 4 and 6, a part of the antenna 11 is shown by a broken line for the sake of explanation. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the antenna 11 can be configured by a metal wire that is bent and formed into a substantially square shape. In this embodiment, the antenna 11 is formed in a rectangular shape that does not close. The antenna 11 can be configured in a quadrangle having a length of 50 mm and a width of 100 mm, for example. The size of the quadrangle of the antenna 11 is not limited to the above, and may be set, for example, in the range of 40 to 60 mm in length and 80 to 120 mm in width.
　アンテナ１１を構成する金属線の直径は例えば１．０ｍｍとすることができる。金属線の直径は前述に限らず、例えば０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲で設定することができる。 The diameter of the metal wire forming the antenna 11 can be set to 1.0 mm, for example. The diameter of the metal wire is not limited to the above, and can be set, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
　図５に例示するように平面視において、アンテナ１１で構成される四角形と絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂで構成される四角形との中心が略一致する状態で、アンテナ１１が絶縁板１０に配置されることが望ましい。またアンテナ１１で構成される四角形と絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂで構成される四角形とが平行となる状態で、アンテナ１１が絶縁板１０に配置されることが望ましい。アンテナ１１は閉じた四角形で構成してもよく、四角形の金属板で構成してもよい。 As illustrated in FIG. 5, in plan view, the antenna 11 is arranged on the insulating plate 10 in a state where the center of the quadrangle formed by the antenna 11 and the quadrangle formed by the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 are substantially coincident with each other. Is desirable. Further, it is desirable that the antenna 11 is arranged on the insulating plate 10 in a state in which the square formed by the antenna 11 and the square formed by the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 are parallel to each other. The antenna 11 may be a closed quadrangle or a quadrangular metal plate.
　アンテナ１１は、絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂに接着剤等で直接的に接着される構成にすることができる。図６に例示するように背面１０ｂに略四角形の溝部１５を形成して、この溝部１５にアンテナ１１を埋設する構成にしてもよい。溝部１５にアンテナ１１を埋設することで、絶縁板１０に対してアンテナ１１をより強固に固定できる。溝部１５にアンテナ１１を配置した後に、溝部１５に合成樹脂等を充填して溝部１５を埋める構成にしてもよい。 The antenna 11 can be configured to be directly bonded to the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 with an adhesive or the like. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the rear surface 10b may be provided with a substantially rectangular groove portion 15 and the antenna 11 may be embedded in the groove portion 15. By embedding the antenna 11 in the groove portion 15, the antenna 11 can be more firmly fixed to the insulating plate 10. After arranging the antenna 11 in the groove 15, the groove 15 may be filled with a synthetic resin or the like to fill the groove 15.
　図４に例示するようにアンテナ１１と制御部１２とは接続線１４で接続されている。この接続線１４はシールド線で構成することが望ましい。制御部１２は、アンテナ１１から延びる接続線１４に接続される検出回路１６と、この検出回路１６と照明７との間に接続される出力回路１７とを備えている。 As illustrated in FIG. 4, the antenna 11 and the control unit 12 are connected by a connection line 14. It is desirable that the connection line 14 be a shield line. The control unit 12 includes a detection circuit 16 connected to the connection line 14 extending from the antenna 11, and an output circuit 17 connected between the detection circuit 16 and the illumination 7.
　アンテナ１１と制御部１２とを一本の接続線１４で接続する構成にしてもよい。このとき四角形を構成するアンテナ１１は一端が接続線１４に接続される又は近接される状態であり、他端が例えば溝部１５の中で切断される構成にできる。アンテナ１１および接続線１４を構成する線の長さを短くできるのでＸ線撮影装置１の製造コストを抑制するには有利である。また接続線１４を短くすることでノイズの影響を抑制できる。 The antenna 11 and the control unit 12 may be connected by a single connection line 14. At this time, the antenna 11 forming the quadrangle can be configured such that one end is connected to or close to the connection line 14 and the other end is cut in the groove 15, for example. Since the lengths of the wires forming the antenna 11 and the connection wire 14 can be shortened, it is advantageous to suppress the manufacturing cost of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1. Moreover, the influence of noise can be suppressed by shortening the connection line 14.
　検出回路１６は集積回路などの電子回路で構成されていて、アンテナ１１における静電容量の変化量を検出する。検出回路１６は、例えば電圧を計測してこの電圧の変化量が所定のしきい値を超えたときに出力回路１７に信号を送る構成を有している。周波数を計測してこの周波数の変化量が所定のしきい値を超えたときに信号を出力回路１７に送る構成を、検出回路１６が備えていてもよい。 The detection circuit 16 is composed of an electronic circuit such as an integrated circuit, and detects the amount of change in capacitance of the antenna 11. The detection circuit 16 has a configuration in which, for example, a voltage is measured and a signal is sent to the output circuit 17 when the amount of change in the voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The detection circuit 16 may be configured to measure the frequency and send a signal to the output circuit 17 when the amount of change in the frequency exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
　出力回路１７は、検出回路１６からの信号に基づき照明７に信号を送る。出力回路１７はこの信号により、照明７の消灯と点灯とを切り替えることができる。 The output circuit 17 sends a signal to the lighting 7 based on the signal from the detection circuit 16. The output circuit 17 can switch between turning off and lighting the illumination 7 by this signal.
　スイッチ機構９の絶縁板１０に操作者が手を接近させると、アンテナ１１の静電容量が増加する。アンテナ１１の静電容量が所定のしきい値を超えたとき、制御部１２から照明７に信号が送られて、照明７の消灯と点灯とが切り替えられる。操作者の手が絶縁板１０に接触せずに接近する状態または接触する状態となったときに、制御部１２が照明７に信号を送る構成とすることができる。 When the operator approaches the insulating plate 10 of the switch mechanism 9, the capacitance of the antenna 11 increases. When the capacitance of the antenna 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, a signal is sent from the control unit 12 to the illumination 7 to switch the illumination 7 off and on. The control unit 12 may be configured to send a signal to the illumination 7 when the operator's hand approaches or contacts the insulating plate 10 without touching it.
　操作者はＸ線照射器３に力を加えることなく照明７の消灯と点灯とを切り替えることができる。操作者のスチッチ機構９の操作にともないＸ線照射器３が移動してしまいＸ線が照射される範囲が変わってしまう不具合を抑制できる。またスイッチ機構９の操作にともない、Ｘ線照射器３が振動する不具合を抑制できる。適切なＸ線画像を得るには有利である。 The operator can switch the lighting 7 off and on without applying any force to the X-ray irradiator 3. It is possible to suppress the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves due to the operation of the stitch mechanism 9 by the operator and the range in which the X-ray is irradiated changes. Further, it is possible to suppress the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism 9. This is advantageous for obtaining a proper X-ray image.
　Ｘ線撮影装置１は、比較的小さい力で本体５に対してＸ線照射器３を傾動可能な構造とすることができる。操作者は例えば一方の手で撮影対象物である動物を抑えつつ、他方の手で比較的小さな力を加えてＸ線照射器３の位置合わせを行うことができる。Ｘ線撮影装置１において撮影範囲の微調整を行い易くなる。位置合わせをする際にＸ線照射器３に加える力よりも小さな力でスイッチ機構９を操作できるので、すでに位置合わせが完了したＸ線照射器３が意図せず移動してしまう不具合を回避できる。 The X-ray imaging apparatus 1 can have a structure in which the X-ray irradiator 3 can be tilted with respect to the main body 5 with a relatively small force. The operator can position the X-ray irradiator 3 by applying a relatively small force with the other hand while holding down the animal as the imaging target with one hand, for example. It becomes easy to finely adjust the imaging range in the X-ray imaging apparatus 1. Since the switch mechanism 9 can be operated with a force smaller than the force applied to the X-ray irradiator 3 when performing the alignment, it is possible to avoid the problem that the X-ray irradiator 3 which has already been aligned moves unintentionally. ..
　操作者の手の接近および離間により、アンテナ１１の静電容量が増加して所定のしきい値を超えた後に静電容量が減少した場合に、制御部１２が照明７の点灯と消灯とを切り替える構成にしてもよい。 When the capacitance of the antenna 11 increases due to the approach and separation of the operator's hand and the capacitance decreases after exceeding a predetermined threshold value, the control unit 12 turns on and off the illumination 7. The configuration may be switched.
　制御部１２がタイマー回路を備える構成にしてもよい。操作者の手を絶縁板１０に接近させた際に照明７が点灯して、例えば３０秒など予め設定される時間が経過した後に照明７が自動的に消灯する構成にしてもよい。照明７を消灯させる際に、Ｘ線照射器３が移動したり振動したりする不具合を確実に防止するには有利である。 The control unit 12 may include a timer circuit. The illumination 7 may be turned on when the operator's hand approaches the insulating plate 10, and the illumination 7 may be automatically turned off after a preset time such as 30 seconds elapses. It is advantageous to surely prevent the defect that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves or vibrates when the illumination 7 is turned off.
　制御部１２は、アンテナ１１の静電容量の変化量に基づいて照明７の点灯や消灯の少なくとも一方を制御できる構成を備えていればよい。 The control unit 12 may have a configuration capable of controlling at least one of turning on and off the light 7 based on the amount of change in the capacitance of the antenna 11.
　図５に例示するように絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂの面積に対してアンテナ１１で囲まれる領域の面積は小さい。この実施形態ではアンテナ１１で囲まれる四角形の領域の面積は、絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂの面積の７０％程度に設定されている。スイッチ機構９の感度を向上させつつ、金属製の筺体８に由来するノイズの影響を抑制するには有利である。 As illustrated in FIG. 5, the area of the region surrounded by the antenna 11 is smaller than the area of the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10. In this embodiment, the area of the rectangular region surrounded by the antenna 11 is set to about 70% of the area of the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10. This is advantageous for improving the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 and suppressing the influence of noise originating from the metal housing 8.
　図７に例示するようにアンテナ１１から筺体８までの最短距離Ｌ１は、アンテナ１１から絶縁板１０の表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２よりも大きくなる状態に設定されることが望ましい。筺体８に由来するノイズの影響を抑制するには有利である。この構成によれば筐体８を金属材料で構成した場合であっても、筐体８からのノイズの影響を抑制しつつ、アンテナ１１への操作者の手の接近を精度良く検出できる。 As illustrated in FIG. 7, it is desirable that the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8 is set to be larger than the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10. It is advantageous to suppress the influence of noise originating from the housing 8. According to this configuration, even when the housing 8 is made of a metal material, it is possible to accurately detect the approach of the operator's hand to the antenna 11 while suppressing the influence of noise from the housing 8.
　本明細書において最短距離Ｌ１とはアンテナ１１の全体において、筐体８と最も近くなる位置における最短距離をいう。また最短距離Ｌ２とはアンテナ１１の全体において、表面１０ａと最も近くなる位置における最短距離をいう。アンテナ１１の形状にもよるが、幅方向ｘと縦方向ｚで構成される平面において、アンテナ１１と筐体８またはアンテナ１１と表面１０ａとを結ぶ直線が最短距離となることが多い。 In this specification, the shortest distance L1 is the shortest distance at the position closest to the housing 8 in the entire antenna 11. The shortest distance L2 is the shortest distance at the position closest to the surface 10a in the entire antenna 11. Depending on the shape of the antenna 11, a straight line connecting the antenna 11 and the housing 8 or the antenna 11 and the surface 10a often has the shortest distance on the plane formed by the width direction x and the vertical direction z.
　絶縁板１０の背面１０ｂに溝部１５が形成されず、背面１０ｂにそのままアンテナ１１が固定される構成にしてもよい。しかし溝部１５にアンテナ１１が固定される構成の方が、アンテナ１１から筺体８までの最短距離Ｌ１をそれほど減少させることなくアンテナ１１から表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２を減少させることができる。最短距離Ｌ１に比べて最短距離Ｌ２がより小さくなるので、筺体８に由来するノイズを抑制しつつ、スイッチ機構９の感度を向上するには有利である。 The groove 15 may not be formed on the back surface 10b of the insulating plate 10 and the antenna 11 may be fixed to the back surface 10b as it is. However, the configuration in which the antenna 11 is fixed to the groove portion 15 can reduce the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a without significantly reducing the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8. Since the shortest distance L2 is smaller than the shortest distance L1, it is advantageous to improve the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 while suppressing noise originating from the housing 8.
　図７に例示するように幅方向ｘにおいて、筺体８の壁面の厚さｄ１より絶縁板１０の厚さｄ２の方が大きく設定されることが望ましい。また幅方向ｘにおいて、筺体８の壁面の内側面８ｂよりも筺体８の内側（図７左方）となる位置にアンテナ１１の全体を配置することが望ましい。アンテナ１１から筐体８までの最短距離Ｌ１に対して表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２をより小さくするには有利である。 As illustrated in FIG. 7, it is desirable that the thickness d2 of the insulating plate 10 is set to be larger than the thickness d1 of the wall surface of the housing 8 in the width direction x. Further, in the width direction x, it is desirable to arrange the entire antenna 11 at a position that is inside the housing 8 (left side in FIG. 7) with respect to the inner side surface 8b of the wall surface of the housing 8. It is advantageous to make the shortest distance L2 to the surface 10a smaller than the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8.
　筐体８の壁面の外側面８ａと絶縁板１０の表面１０ａとは面一に構成してもよい。アンテナ１１から表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２をより小さくするには有利である。なお絶縁板１０の表面１０ａが筐体８の壁面の外側面８ａより外側（図７右方）に突出していてもよい。 The outer surface 8a of the wall surface of the housing 8 and the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 may be flush with each other. It is advantageous to make the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a smaller. The surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 may project outward (to the right in FIG. 7) from the outer surface 8a of the wall surface of the housing 8.
　図８に例示するように絶縁板１０の表面１０ａにくぼみ部１８が形成される構成としてもよい。くぼみ部１８は、背面１０ｂに向かって凸となる状態に絶縁板１０の表面１０ａをくり抜いて形成できる。この構成によればアンテナ１１から表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２をさらに小さくできる。スイッチ機構９の感度を向上するには有利である。 As shown in FIG. 8, a recess 18 may be formed on the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10. The recess 18 can be formed by hollowing out the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 so as to be convex toward the back surface 10b. With this configuration, the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a can be further reduced. This is advantageous for improving the sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9.
　幅方向ｘにおいて、絶縁板１０の表面１０ａから離間した位置に形成される仮想面１９を備えていて、仮想面１９に操作者の手が接触したときにスイッチ機構９が照明７を切り替える構成にしてもよい。操作者はスイッチ機構９の絶縁板１０に触れることなく照明７を切り替えることができる。操作者は非接触で照明７の点灯および消灯を切り替えることができるので、スイッチ機構９の操作にともないＸ線照射器３が移動したり振動したりする不具合を確実に防止できる。図８では説明のため仮想面１９を一点鎖線で示している。仮想面１９を備える構成は図６に例示する実施形態など他の実施形態でも適用可能である。 In the width direction x, a virtual surface 19 formed at a position separated from the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 is provided, and the switch mechanism 9 switches the illumination 7 when the operator's hand touches the virtual surface 19. May be. The operator can switch the illumination 7 without touching the insulating plate 10 of the switch mechanism 9. Since the operator can switch the lighting 7 on and off in a non-contact manner, it is possible to reliably prevent the trouble that the X-ray irradiator 3 moves or vibrates due to the operation of the switch mechanism 9. In FIG. 8, the virtual plane 19 is shown by a dashed line for the sake of explanation. The configuration including the virtual surface 19 can be applied to other embodiments such as the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
　検出回路１６の感度を調整することで、仮想面１９の位置を表面１０ａに接近させたり表面１０ａから離間させたりすることができる。 By adjusting the sensitivity of the detection circuit 16, the position of the virtual surface 19 can be moved closer to or away from the surface 10a.
　絶縁板１０を構成する材料を比誘電率の異なる材料に変更することで、スイッチ機構９の感度を変更することができる。 The sensitivity of the switch mechanism 9 can be changed by changing the material forming the insulating plate 10 to a material having a different relative dielectric constant.
　図９に例示するようにアンテナ１１と筐体８との間の静電容量は、アンテナ１１から筐体８までの最短距離Ｌ１に反比例して、アンテナ１１と筐体８との間に配置されている物質の比誘電率に比例する。静電容量が大きいほどノイズが大きくなる。 As illustrated in FIG. 9, the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the housing 8 is arranged between the antenna 11 and the housing 8 in inverse proportion to the shortest distance L1 from the antenna 11 to the housing 8. It is proportional to the relative permittivity of the substance. The larger the capacitance, the larger the noise.
　同様にアンテナ１１と操作者（仮想面１９）との間の静電容量は、アンテナ１１から絶縁板１０の表面１０ａまでの最短距離Ｌ２と、表面１０ａと仮想面１９までの最短距離Ｌ３とに反比例する。アンテナ１１と表面１０ａとの間の物質の比誘電率と、表面１０ａと仮想面１９との間の物質の比誘電率とに比例する。静電容量が大きいほど感度が高くなる。 Similarly, the capacitance between the antenna 11 and the operator (virtual surface 19) is the shortest distance L2 from the antenna 11 to the surface 10a of the insulating plate 10 and the shortest distance L3 from the surface 10a to the virtual surface 19. Inversely proportional. It is proportional to the relative permittivity of the substance between the antenna 11 and the surface 10a and the relative permittivity of the substance between the surface 10a and the virtual plane 19. The larger the capacitance, the higher the sensitivity.
　図９および図１０に例示するように絶縁板１０を異なる二種以上の材料で構成してもよい。たとえば絶縁板１０の周縁部１０ｄと中心部１０ｅとで異なる材料で構成することができる。 As illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, the insulating plate 10 may be made of two or more different materials. For example, the peripheral portion 10d and the central portion 10e of the insulating plate 10 can be made of different materials.
　周縁部１０ｄは、例えば樹脂やガラスで構成できる。これらの比誘電率は２．０～６．０程度である。また周縁部１０ｄを中空構造や多孔構造として空気を含む状態として比誘電率を更に小さくしてもよい。中心部１０ｅは例えば金属酸化物で構成できる。中心部１０ｅは例えばアルミナやジルコニアやチタニアで構成できる。これらの比誘電率は１０．０～１９０．０程度である。 The peripheral portion 10d can be made of, for example, resin or glass. The relative permittivity of these is about 2.0 to 6.0. Further, the relative permittivity may be further reduced by making the peripheral portion 10d have a hollow structure or a porous structure to contain air. The central portion 10e can be made of, for example, a metal oxide. The central portion 10e can be made of alumina, zirconia, or titania, for example. Their relative permittivity is about 10.0 to 190.0.
　中心部１０ｅに対して周縁部１０ｄの比誘電率が小さくなる状態に材料を選択して絶縁板１０を構成することが望ましい。アンテナ１１と筐体８との間の静電容量を小さくすることでノイズを抑制しつつ、アンテナ１１と仮想面１９との間の静電容量を大きくすることで感度を向上できる。周縁部１０ｄおよび中央部１０ｅを構成する材料は上記に限らず、適宜選択することができる。 It is desirable to configure the insulating plate 10 by selecting materials so that the relative permittivity of the peripheral portion 10d becomes smaller than that of the central portion 10e. Noise can be suppressed by reducing the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the housing 8, while sensitivity can be improved by increasing the electrostatic capacitance between the antenna 11 and the virtual surface 19. The material forming the peripheral portion 10d and the central portion 10e is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately selected.
　周縁部１０ｄおよび中心部１０ｅに異なる材料を配置する構成に加えて、距離Ｌ１～Ｌ３を適宜設定することで、静電容量を調整する構成にしてもよい。 In addition to the configuration in which different materials are arranged in the peripheral portion 10d and the central portion 10e, the capacitance may be adjusted by appropriately setting the distances L1 to L3.
　図１０に例示する実施形態では絶縁板１０の周縁部１０ｄと中心部１０ｅとで材料を異ならせる構成としたが、これに限定されない。アンテナ１１と筐体８との間に比誘電率の比較的小さい材料が配置されて、アンテナ１１と表面１０ａとの間に比誘電率の比較的大きい材料が配置される構成であればよい。比誘電率の比較的小さい例えば板状の材料をアンテナ１１と筐体８との間に配置してもよい。三種以上の材料で絶縁板１０を構成してもよい。 In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, different materials are used for the peripheral edge portion 10d and the central portion 10e of the insulating plate 10, but the material is not limited to this. A material having a relatively low relative permittivity may be disposed between the antenna 11 and the housing 8, and a material having a relatively high relative permittivity may be disposed between the antenna 11 and the surface 10a. For example, a plate-shaped material having a relatively low dielectric constant may be arranged between the antenna 11 and the housing 8. The insulating plate 10 may be made of three or more materials.
　本発明のＸ線撮影装置１は、図１に例示する一体的に構成されるものに限定されない。撮影台２が別体として構成されるものや、Ｘ線照射器３が天井等から吊り下げられるＸ線撮影装置１であってもよい。 The X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of the present invention is not limited to the integrally configured one illustrated in FIG. The imaging table 2 may be configured separately, or the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 in which the X-ray irradiator 3 is suspended from the ceiling or the like may be used.
１          Ｘ線撮影装置
２          撮影台
３          Ｘ線照射器
４          電源部
５          本体
６          Ｘ線管
６ａ      Ｘ線管ユニット
６ｂ      照射窓
７          照明
８          筺体
８ａ      外側面
８ｂ      内側面
９          スイッチ機構
１０      絶縁板
１０ａ  表面
１０ｂ  背面
１０ｃ  側面
１０ｄ  周縁部
１０ｅ  中心部
１１      アンテナ
１２      制御部
１３      貫通孔
１４      接続線
１５      溝部
１６      検出回路
１７      出力回路
１８      くぼみ部
１９      仮想面
ｘ          幅方向
ｙ          横方向
ｚ          縦方向
Ｌ１      アンテナから筺体までの最短距離
Ｌ２      アンテナから表面までの最短距離
Ｌ３      表面から仮想面までの最短距離
ｄ１      筺体の壁面の厚さ
ｄ２      絶縁板の厚さ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 X-ray imaging apparatus 2 Imaging stand 3 X-ray irradiator 4 Power supply unit 5 Main body 6 X-ray tube 6a X-ray tube unit 6b Irradiation window 7 Illumination 8 Housing 8a Outer side surface 8b Inner side surface 9 Switch mechanism 10 Insulating plate 10a Surface 10b Rear surface 10c Side face 10d Peripheral part 10e Central part 11 Antenna 12 Control part 13 Through hole 14 Connection line 15 Groove part 16 Detection circuit 17 Output circuit 18 Dent part 19 Virtual plane x Width direction y Horizontal direction z Vertical direction L1 Shortest distance from the antenna to the housing L2 The shortest distance from the antenna to the surface L3 The shortest distance from the surface to the virtual surface d1 The thickness of the wall surface of the housing d2 The thickness of the insulating plate

Claims (4)

  1. 　撮影対象物に向けてＸ線を照射するＸ線照射器と、前記撮影対象物に向けて可視光を照射して前記Ｘ線照射器から照射されるＸ線の範囲を示す照明と、前記Ｘ線照射器を構成する筺体に設置されていて前記照明の点灯および消灯を切り替えるスイッチ機構とを備えるＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記スイッチ機構が、前記筺体の内側と外側とを貫通する状態で前記筺体に固定されていて前記筺体の外側となる表面と前記筺体の内側となる背面とを有する絶縁板と、この絶縁板の前記背面に設置されるアンテナと、このアンテナと前記照明との間に接続されていて前記アンテナの静電容量の変化量に基づいて前記照明の点灯または消灯の少なくとも一方を制御する制御部とを備えることを特徴とするＸ線撮影装置。     An X-ray irradiator that irradiates an X-ray toward an object to be imaged, an illumination that irradiates visible light toward the object to be imaged and indicates a range of X-rays emitted from the X-ray irradiator, and the X-ray. In an X-ray imaging apparatus, which is installed in a housing that constitutes a radiation irradiator and includes a switch mechanism that switches ON/OFF of the illumination,
    The switch mechanism, an insulating plate having a surface which is fixed to the housing in a state of penetrating the inside and the outside of the housing and which is the outside of the housing and a back surface which is inside of the housing; and An antenna installed on the back surface, and a control unit that is connected between the antenna and the lighting and that controls at least one of turning on and off the lighting based on the amount of change in capacitance of the antenna. An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising:
  2. 　前記絶縁板が前記背面に形成される溝部を備えていて、
    　前記アンテナが前記溝部の中に配置されて固定される構成である請求項１に記載のＸ線撮影装置。     The insulating plate has a groove formed on the back surface,
    The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is arranged and fixed in the groove.
  3. 　前記絶縁板の前記背面から前記表面に向かう方向において、前記絶縁板の厚さが前記筺体の壁面の厚さよりも大きく形成されるとともに、前記筺体の壁面の内側面よりも前記筺体の内側となる位置に前記アンテナが配置される構成を備える請求項１または２に記載のＸ線撮影装置。 In the direction from the back surface to the front surface of the insulating plate, the thickness of the insulating plate is formed to be larger than the thickness of the wall surface of the housing, and the inside of the housing is more than the inner side surface of the wall surface of the housing. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a configuration in which the antenna is arranged at a position.
  4. 　前記アンテナから前記筺体までの最短距離が、前記アンテナから前記表面までの最短距離よりも大きくなる状態に設定されている請求項１～３のいずれかに記載のＸ線撮影装置。 The X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shortest distance from the antenna to the housing is set to be larger than the shortest distance from the antenna to the surface.
PCT/JP2019/034332 2018-12-05 2019-09-02 X-ray imaging device WO2020115967A1 (en)

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JPH0713305A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-17 Konica Corp Image forming method
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