WO2020114345A1 - Système de verre intelligent facilitant le transfert unidirectionnel de la lumière et de la chaleur - Google Patents

Système de verre intelligent facilitant le transfert unidirectionnel de la lumière et de la chaleur Download PDF

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WO2020114345A1
WO2020114345A1 PCT/CN2019/122348 CN2019122348W WO2020114345A1 WO 2020114345 A1 WO2020114345 A1 WO 2020114345A1 CN 2019122348 W CN2019122348 W CN 2019122348W WO 2020114345 A1 WO2020114345 A1 WO 2020114345A1
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glass
parts
heat
layer
sunlight
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PCT/CN2019/122348
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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付国东
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安徽伊安诺思智能科技有限公司
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency and controllable utilization of solar energy for building energy conservation, and relates to a smart glass system for unidirectional transmission of light and heat.
  • Energy saving and environmental protection are the themes of all centuries in the new century. Energy consumption in the construction industry accounted for 26% of primary energy in 2006, and this number is expected to rise to more than 30% by 2020. In hot and humid areas, building energy consumption is more significant, accounting for about 1/3 to 1/2 of the country's total electricity.
  • the annual electricity consumption per unit of building area is 10-20kwh, while the electricity consumption of public buildings is much higher. The annual electricity consumption per unit building area can exceed 350kwh. 60% of building energy consumption is lost through glass doors and windows.
  • Sunlight is mainly composed of ultraviolet rays of 200-380 nanometers, visible light of 380-780 nanometers, and near infrared rays of 780-2500 nanometers. Among them, ultraviolet light occupies 3% of the total energy of solar energy, visible light occupies 50% of the whole energy, and near infrared ray occupies 47% of the whole energy of solar energy. Sunlight radiates to the surface of the area and is absorbed by objects, which is converted into black body radiant heat energy. There are two basic types of heat radiation in nature, which are divided into solar radiation and far infrared heat radiation.
  • the increasing requirements for building energy efficiency require that the black body radiant heat exchanged through glass be as small as possible, that is, the lower the U or K value, the better. Because of this requirement, people invented Low-E glass, insulating glass, vacuum glass, even three-glass two-chamber, four-glass three-chamber vacuum or insulating glass.
  • the Sc value of the glass it represents how much solar energy enters the room, that is, how much heat; and how much visible light, that is, the brightness of the light.
  • a year is divided into spring, summer, autumn, and winter; a day is divided into early, middle, and late. People have different needs for solar energy and visible light in different periods. In winter, people need more solar energy to enter the room.
  • the inner sunshade can reduce glare, block sunlight, especially near infrared rays to irradiate the human body, and improve comfort.
  • solar energy has entered the room through the glass, and the indoor temperature cannot be reduced, so it saves energy.
  • External shading can prevent solar energy from entering the room.
  • the cost of external shading facilities is high, the appearance of the facade of the building is damaged, the dust is difficult to clean, the service life is limited, the installation is difficult, and the safety factor is not high. .
  • Low-E Low-E glass has played an increasingly important role in the architectural glass market in recent years.
  • the double-silver or triple-silver Low-E glass which has developed rapidly in recent years, also has a high reflectivity for near-infrared rays of 800-2500 nanometers, so its shading coefficient can reach 0.4 or even 0.2.
  • the shading coefficient of Low-E glass is always maintained at a fixed value. In summer, the solar heat gain value is low, which is conducive to energy saving; however, in winter, the low solar heat gain is not conducive to energy saving and comfort.
  • the present invention provides a smart glass that can shield black body radiant heat in summer and effectively transmit black body radiant heat generated by sunlight to indoor radiation in winter, energy saving, high efficiency and green environmental protection system.
  • the intelligent glass system with high efficiency and one-way light and heat transfer of the present invention includes a solar efficient absorption functional layer, a black body radiation strong reflection functional layer disposed on one side of the solar efficient absorption function layer, and disposed on the black body At least one solar light transmissive layer on the side of the radiant strong reflective functional layer facing away from the solar efficient absorption function layer, the area between the black body radiant strong reflective functional layer and the solar light transmissive layer, and a plurality of solar light transmissive layers At that time, the area between two adjacent solar light transmission layers is a closed hollow or vacuum thermal convection suppression layer.
  • the solar efficient absorption function layer is that the ultraviolet absorption rate of sunlight is greater than or equal to 99%.
  • the glass with near-infrared absorption rate greater than or equal to 95% in light, the black body radiation strong reflection function layer is glass or 85% transmittance for solar light, and 95% or greater for black body radiation heat reflection Coated Glass.
  • the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is 300-380 nanometers
  • the wavelength of the near infrared rays is 760-2500 nanometers
  • the black body radiation strong reflection function layer has a greater than 300-2500 nanometers of sunlight transmittance Or equal to 85%
  • the wavelength of the black body radiant heat is 3-100 microns.
  • the hollow cavity of the thermal convection suppression layer is filled with argon gas, krypton gas or xenon gas.
  • the coated glass is obtained by coating one or more layers of the following materials on the side of the high-efficiency absorption function layer of ultra-clear glass: aluminum-doped zinc oxide, aluminum trifluoride doped Miscellaneous zinc oxide, tin-doped indium oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide.
  • the thickness of each layer of the black body radiation strong reflection functional layer is 100-1000 nm.
  • the solar light transmission layer is ultra-clear glass or a sheet with a light transmittance greater than 92%, and the sheet is made of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, or polyacrylate.
  • the material, structure, and function of the sunlight transmission layer are the same as those of the black body radiation strong reflection function layer, that is, the transmittance of sunlight is greater than or equal to 85%, and the reflectance of heat radiation to the black body is greater than or equal to 95% glass or coated glass.
  • the high-efficiency solar light absorbing functional layer is heat-absorbing glass with infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light absorbing capabilities, or laminated glass made of heat-absorbing laminated film and float glass.
  • the heat-absorbing adhesive film is composed of 0.2-5 parts by mass of near-infrared nano-absorbing material, 30-60 parts of film-forming resin, and 10-25 parts of plasticizer through a casting and extrusion device The prepared intermediate interlayer film material;
  • the near infrared nano-absorbing material is tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, cesium tungstate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, indium-doped tin dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, tungsten-doped vanadium pentoxide, oxidation One or more mixtures of yttrium, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles;
  • the film-forming resin is polyvinyl butyral or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate or triethylene glycol diisocaprylate.
  • the endothermic adhesive film is a thermochromic endothermic adhesive film prepared by the following method: 0.1-2 parts by mass of transition metal ions, 0.2-10 parts by mass of color development ligand, 0.2- 5 parts by mass of leuco ligand, 30-60 parts by mass of film-forming resin, and 10-25 parts by mass of plasticizer are prepared by casting extrusion equipment;
  • the transition metal ion is Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) or Mn(II) transition metal ion;
  • the color ligand is a halide, N (R) 3, P (R) 3, N + (R) 3 R 1 X -, P + (R) 3 R 1 X -, imidazole-based compounds, thiophene-based Compounds, pyridine compounds, purine compounds, furan compounds, thioline compounds, benzimidazole organic compounds are mixed with one or more of the benzimidazole organic nitrogen compounds are benzimidazole compounds Organic nitrogen compounds or organic phosphorus compounds of benzimidazoles;
  • the leuco ligand is tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, cesium tungstate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, indium-doped tin dioxide, pentoxide modified with alpha alcohol hydroxyl surface modification or beta alcohol hydroxyl surface modification
  • tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, cesium tungstate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, indium-doped tin dioxide, pentoxide modified with alpha alcohol hydroxyl surface modification or beta alcohol hydroxyl surface modification One or more mixtures of vanadium, tungsten-doped vanadium pentoxide, yttrium oxide, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles;
  • the film-forming resin is polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer, and the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate or triethylene glycol diisooctanoate .
  • the glass system of the present invention includes a layer with efficient absorption of sunlight, a layer with strong reflection of black body radiation and a layer of thermal convection suppression arranged in a specific position.
  • the glass system of the present invention is installed with a reversible bidirectional closed door and window capable of 180-degree flip positioning, which can be used in conjunction with the 180-degree flip and bidirectional closure according to the season and indoor and outdoor temperature conditions.
  • the sunlight When used in summer, the sunlight When the high-efficiency absorption function layer is on the outdoor side, it absorbs 99% of ultraviolet rays, 95% of near-infrared light and a certain amount of visible light and converts it into black body radiant heat.
  • the synergy of the black body radiation strong reflection function layer and one or more hollow and vacuum cavity thermal convection suppression layers makes the black body radiation heat shielded to 90% or more outdoors.
  • the doors and windows are turned 180 degrees and closed.
  • the solar energy efficient absorption glass layer is on the indoor side. More than 95% of the sunlight from 380-2500 nanometers is absorbed and converted by the indoor solar energy efficient absorption layer
  • the black body radiates heat and transmits it to the room.
  • the sunlight efficient absorption layer can efficiently absorb 99% of ultraviolet rays, more than 95% of near-infrared light and a certain amount of visible light in sunlight (300-2500 nanometers), and convert the absorbed sunlight into Blackbody radiates heat.
  • the solar reflective glass functional layer can highly reflect sunlight with a wavelength of 3-100 microns, and its reflectivity is greater than 95%, but it has a transmittance of 80-90% for sunlight of 300-2500 nm.
  • the thermal convection suppression layer is composed of a hollow cavity or vacuum cavity filled with an inert gas, which can suppress the thermal conduction of the gas convection.
  • the solar energy efficient absorption function layer, the black body radiation strong reflection function layer and the heat convection suppression function layer can form a unidirectional light and heat transfer smart glass system.
  • the sunlight efficient absorption layer efficiently absorbs 99% of ultraviolet rays, 95% of near infrared rays and an appropriate amount of visible light, and converts this part of sunlight into heat, that is, black body radiant heat (2.5-100 ⁇ m),
  • black body radiant heat 2.5-100 ⁇ m
  • the glass system of the present invention can transmit more than 85% of the sunlight through the black body radiation strong reflection function layer and the heat convection suppression layer, and the sunlight efficient absorption function layer will The absorbed 380-2500 nanometer sunlight is converted into black body radiant heat.
  • Efficient one-way light and heat transfer glass system allows 90% of the black body radiant heat to be radiated into the room unidirectionally.
  • This smart glass system with one-way light and heat transfer is matched with a flip door and window system that can be fixed in both directions to achieve high-efficiency shielding when solar heat is not needed.
  • the glass system has good sunshade and heat insulation effects, and S C is as low as 0.2 -0.3; When solar heat is needed, the door and window glass becomes a heating sheet, S C is greater than 0.8, which converts sunlight into solar heat to heat the room.
  • Sunlight is light with a wavelength in the range of 300-2500 nm, of which 300-380 nm is ultraviolet light, 380-760 nm is visible light, and 760-2500 is near infrared light. Among them, ultraviolet light occupies about 3% of solar energy, visible light occupies 50% of total solar energy, and near-infrared ray occupies 47% of total solar energy. Sunlight hits the surface of the earth's objects and is absorbed and converted into blackbody radiant heat with a wavelength of 2.5-100 microns.
  • S C refers to the shading coefficient of the glass
  • U represents the heat transfer coefficient of the door and window glass
  • ⁇ T refers to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference.
  • this shading is not selective, it not only shields ultraviolet, near infrared, but also visible light.
  • the use of external shading not only shields the line of sight, but also turns on the lights to maintain the indoor illumination.
  • the angle of incidence of the sun in winter is low, so more sunlight enters the room. Winter needs more solar heat, and even if the traditional glass has a high S C value, its efficiency of converting blackbody radiant heat is not high, and more visible light makes the room glare. Therefore, the indoor illumination is too high and uncomfortable.
  • the high-efficiency solar absorption functional layer can have strong absorption in the 300-2500 nanometer band, especially the 300-380 ultraviolet region and the 760-2500 nanometer near-infrared region. At the same time, it has moderate absorption in the visible light region of 380-760 nm.
  • the glass with high-efficiency solar absorption function layer can be float glass mixed with near infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light absorbers in the body, that is, endothermic glass, or it can be used to prepare laminated films with infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light capabilities and commonly used.
  • the laminated glass prepared by float glass can also be a laminated glass prepared by thermochromic laminated film and commonly used float glass. In the optimization scheme of the present invention, the black body radiation strong reflection function layer reflects sunlight less than 2%.
  • the glass is placed as shown in FIG. 2(a), the photothermal response film laminated glass is on the outdoor side, and the photothermal response film of the glass system is nearly 95% of the near infrared light, part of the visible light and 99 % Of the UV absorption is converted into blackbody radiant heat. Due to the specific placement of the vacuum cavity, hollow cavity and low-emission layer of the specific coated glass, the blackbody radiant heat can only be radiated to the outdoor side, and only visible light enters the room and follows the outdoor ambient light Strong and weak, can adjust the visible light into the room independently. In winter, as shown in Fig. 2(b), the photothermal response film laminated glass is on the indoor side.
  • More than 85% of sunlight can enter the photothermal response film laminated glass layer through the coated glass, and 95% of the near Infrared light, 99% ultraviolet light, and part of the visible sunlight are converted into black body radiant heat. Due to the special black body radiant heat of the coated glass, it can only radiate to the room, so that the window glass becomes an efficient solar heating plate.
  • the heat-absorbing glass used in the solar efficient absorption function layer can also be prepared using the following raw materials:
  • the material is melted into a liquid state at 1480-1600°C, and the liquid material is formed through a tin bath. After annealing in the annealing kiln, an endothermic glass is prepared.
  • the content of ferrous iron in the glass accounts for 40-60% of the total iron content.
  • the visible light transmittance of 6mm endothermic glass is greater than 70%, the 300-380 ultraviolet absorption rate is greater than 90%, and the near infrared absorption at 760-2500 nm is greater than 85%.
  • the solar light efficient absorption function layer may also be a more efficient laminated glass prepared by sandwiching ordinary float glass by controlling the ultraviolet absorber, visible light absorber and near-infrared absorber by controlling the endothermic adhesive film .
  • the heat-absorbing adhesive film can also be composed of 0.1-2 parts by mass of transition metal ions, 0.2-10 parts by mass of color development ligand, 0.2-5 parts by mass of leuco ligand, and 30-60 parts by mass of film-forming resin , 10-25 parts by mass of plasticizer through the temperature extrusion thermochromic film prepared by casting extrusion equipment.
  • This thermochromic endothermic interlayer film is an interlayer made of 0.2-5 parts by mass of leuco ligand, 30-60 parts of film-forming resin, and 10-25 parts of plasticizer through casting and extrusion equipment Membrane material.
  • Tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, cesium tungstate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, indium-doped tin dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, tungsten-doped vanadium pentoxide, yttrium oxide, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, Cerium oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles have a strong absorption function in the near-infrared 760-2500 nanometer band, and can be used as a leuco ligand when alcohol hydroxyl groups are introduced on the surface of these materials.
  • the nanoparticle When the diameter of the nanoparticle is 1-200 nm, the nanoparticle does not absorb and reflect the visible light of 380-760 nm, so it can be used to prepare transparent near-infrared absorbing materials.
  • Benzophenones such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, etc.
  • Triazole UV absorbers such as 2-(2 ⁇ -hydroxy-5 ⁇ -methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3', 5'-di-tert-phenyl)-5-chlorinated Benzotriazole and the like can have strong absorption in the 300-380 nanometer band, and convert the absorbed light into black body radiant heat. It is also commonly used as an ultraviolet light stabilizer to prevent resin degradation and is a good ultraviolet absorber.
  • Polyvinyl butyral and polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are commonly used as resins for the preparation of glass interlayer films. Add dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, triethylene glycol to the system.
  • One or more compounds such as diisooctanoate are used as plasticizers to improve the fluidity, flexibility and cold resistance of the interlayer film.
  • the endothermic film of the present invention can be composed of:
  • the first type of heat-absorbing adhesive film is the first type of heat-absorbing adhesive film
  • the second type of heat-absorbing adhesive film is the second type of heat-absorbing adhesive film.
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 140°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 10 cm wide and 0.3 mm thick.
  • the die temperature of the casting extruder is 125°C.
  • the third type of heat-absorbing adhesive film is the third type of heat-absorbing adhesive film.
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 140°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 10 cm wide and 0.3 mm thick.
  • the die temperature of the casting extruder is 135°C.
  • the fourth heat-absorbing adhesive film is the fourth heat-absorbing adhesive film
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 140°C, and the die temperature is 125°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 10 cm wide and 0.3 mm thick.
  • the die temperature of the casting extruder is 135°C.
  • the high-efficiency sunlight absorption laminated film can be prepared into a high-efficiency sunlight absorption laminated glass by sandwiching it with an ordinary glass sandwich.
  • the prepared high-efficiency sunlight absorption laminated glass has an absorption of greater than 99% at 300-380 nanometers, an absorption of 20-40% at 380-760 nanometers, and an absorption of 90-95% at 760-2500 nanometers.
  • Preparation of high-efficiency solar absorption laminated glass can be white glass float glass, ultra white float glass, physical or chemically toughened white glass float glass or ultra white glass float glass. It is preferably physical or chemically toughened ultra-white float glass.
  • Thermochromic laminated films can pass through, transition metal ions, ultraviolet-infrared absorption nanoparticles containing alpha alcohol hydroxyl or beta alcohol hydroxyl on the surface, halides, organic nitrogen compounds and/or phosphorus compounds and polyvinyl butyral or poly Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, plasticizers, antioxidants, etc. are prepared by extrusion casting.
  • the transition metal ion is a mixture of one or more of Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and Cr(II).
  • the photothermal response system, the organic nitrogen compound and / or a phosphorus compound is N (R) 3, P ( R) 3, N + (R) 3 R 1 X -, P + (R) 3 R 1 X -, imidazole-based compounds, thiophene-based compounds, pyridine compounds, purine compounds, furans, mixing one or more of the thiazole-based compound and a benzimidazole type compound, wherein, R is An aromatic group or an alkyl group, R 1 is an alkyl group, and X is a halogen atom.
  • the halide is an inorganic metal halide and a quaternary ammonium halide.
  • the leuco ligand in the heat-absorbing adhesive film of the invention is tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, potassium tungstate, cesium tungstate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, doped with alpha alcohol hydroxyl surface modification or beta alcohol hydroxyl surface modification
  • the nanoparticles are 1-500nm, and the hydroxyl content is 0.1mol-10mol/kg.
  • Benzophenones such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, etc.
  • benzo Triazole UV absorbers such as 2-(2 ⁇ -hydroxy-5 ⁇ -methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3', 5'-di-tert-phenyl)-5-chlorinated Benzotriazole and the like can have strong absorption in the 300-380 nanometer band, and convert the absorbed light into black body radiant heat. It is also commonly used as an ultraviolet light stabilizer to prevent resin degradation and is a good ultraviolet absorber.
  • a heat stabilizer may be used, including but not limited to: calcium stearate, tin stearate, dibutyl tin maleate, and the like.
  • the synergistic effect of the heat stabilizer and the antioxidant has a great effect on the preparation of the lamination film by casting extrusion processing to prevent the resin from oxidizing and maintain the physical and mechanical strength of the product.
  • Polyvinyl butyral and polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are commonly used as resins for the preparation of glass interlayer films. Add dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, triethylene glycol to the system.
  • One or more compounds such as diisooctanoate are used as plasticizers to improve the fluidity, flexibility and cold resistance of the interlayer film.
  • the resin film prepared as an auxiliary is calculated in parts by mass, and its composition includes:
  • the nanoparticles in the thermochromic endothermic film can be surface-modified, and may specifically include:
  • Zinc oxide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide and particles with a particle size of 5 nanometers are each 1 kilogram, pentaerythritol 3 kilograms, and dioxane 15 kilograms, which are ground for two hours with a sand mill of zirconia particles with a diameter of 0.3 millimeters.
  • the nano-zinc oxide solution modified by the surface polyol is obtained by the treatment.
  • tungsten oxide particles with a particle size of 20 nm are dispersed in 2 liters of absolute ethanol solution, and 5 ml of hydroxypropyltriethoxysilane is added. The reaction was carried out under vigorous stirring for 24 hours, and then centrifuged to remove ethanol. After the dried surface-modified nano tungsten oxide is dispersed into 2L of dimethyl glutarate solution through a sand mill. The hydroxyl content is 2mol/kg.
  • Alumite pentoxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 500 nanometers 100 grams are dispersed in 2 liters of absolute ethanol solution. Under stirring, 20 ml of chlorobenzyltriethoxysilane was slowly added. The reaction was carried out under vigorous stirring for 24 hours. The reaction solution was purged with nitrogen for 20 minutes to remove oxygen, and then 20 g of cuprous chloride, 10 g of bipyridine and 200 g of hydroxyethyl acrylate were added. The reaction solution was heated to 70 degrees and reacted for 2 hours. After centrifugal drying, 1905 grams of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles grafted on the surface were prepared, with a hydroxyl content of 5 mol/kg.
  • Cesium tungstate with a particle size of 60 nanometers was pre-dried in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours, 300g was weighed into a 3L polyvinyl alcohol jar, ultrasonically dispersed for 30min, and then transferred to a three-necked flask. Put it in a constant temperature water bath and stir at a constant speed. Adjust the pH value with NaOH and HCl. After stirring evenly, add 20ml of ⁇ -glycidyl ether oxypropyltrimethoxysilane from the bottle mouth. After 6 hours of reaction, take out the filter and wash it. The resulting solid is used Soxhlet extraction with absolute ethanol for 24h and vacuum drying for 12h yielded 412g of modified nanoparticles with a hydroxyl content of 4mol/kg.
  • the heat-absorbing adhesive film of the present invention may be the following thermochromic heat-absorbing adhesive film:
  • thermochromic endothermic laminated film The first thermochromic endothermic laminated film:
  • thermochromic endothermic laminated film The second thermochromic endothermic laminated film:
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.4 mm thick.
  • the die temperature of the casting extruder is 125°C.
  • thermochromic endothermic film The third thermochromic endothermic film:
  • thermochromic endothermic film The fourth thermochromic endothermic film:
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.6 mm thick.
  • the die mouth temperature of the casting machine is 135°C.
  • thermochromic heat-absorbing adhesive film The fifth thermochromic heat-absorbing adhesive film:
  • chromium chloride hexahydrate 0.3 parts of chromium chloride hexahydrate, (the above-mentioned sixth modified nanoparticles and eighth modified nanoparticles) 2 parts, 8-hydroxythiolin-5-sulfonic acid 4 parts, silver iodide 3 parts, polyethylene vinyl 65 parts of alcohol copolymer, 15 parts of dibutyl adipate, 0.2 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 0.3 parts of calcium stearate were granulated by a twin screw extruder.
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.7 mm thick.
  • the die mouth temperature of the casting machine is 125°C.
  • thermochromic endothermic film The sixth thermochromic endothermic film:
  • the melting section temperature of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.7 mm thick.
  • the die mouth temperature of the casting machine is 125°C.
  • thermochromic endothermic film Seventh thermochromic endothermic film:
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.7 mm thick.
  • the die mouth temperature of the casting machine is 125°C.
  • thermochromic endothermic laminated film Eighth thermochromic endothermic laminated film:
  • ferrous greenery 0.1 parts each of the first modified nanoparticles, fourth modified nanoparticles and tenth modified nanoparticles above
  • 15 parts of benzofuran ethyl triphenyl iodide Phosphorus 5 parts, calcium iodide 5 parts, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 90 parts, dimethyl succinate 10 parts, dimethyl glutarate 10 parts, dimethyl phthalate 10 parts, triglyceride Alcohol diisooctanoate 10 parts, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone 0.01 parts, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone 0.1 parts, 2-(2 ⁇ -hydroxy-5 ⁇ -methylbenzene Base) benzotriazole 0.02 parts, 2,4-dimethyl-6-di-tert-butyl p-phenol 0.5 parts and tin stearate 0.2 parts were granulated by a twin screw extruder.
  • the temperature of the melting section of the screw extruder is 120°C, and the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.6 mm thick.
  • the die mouth temperature of the casting machine is 135°C.
  • thermochromic endothermic film The ninth thermochromic endothermic film:
  • nickel bromide (the above-mentioned seventh modified nanoparticles and tenth modified nanoparticles) 0.2 parts each, 0.4 parts of triethylamine, 1 part of silver chloride, 60 parts of polyvinyl butyral, 15 parts of dibutyl adipate, 0.2 parts of 4,4-thiobis(6-tert-butyl m-cresol) and 0.3 parts of calcium stearate, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone 0.05 parts, 0.05 parts of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone were granulated by a twin screw extruder.
  • the melting section temperature of the screw extruder is 120°C
  • the die temperature is 145°C.
  • the prepared pellets were passed through a cast extrusion molding machine to prepare a film 20 cm wide and 0.7 mm thick.
  • the die die temperature of the casting machine is 110°C.
  • thermochromic high-efficiency sunlight-absorbing heat-absorbing laminated film can be made into a thermochromic high-efficiency sunlight-absorbing laminated glass by sandwiching it with an ordinary glass sandwich.
  • Preparation of high-efficiency solar absorption laminated glass can be white glass float glass, ultra white float glass, physical or chemically toughened white glass float glass or ultra white glass float glass. It is preferably physical or chemically toughened ultra-white float glass.
  • the prepared thermochromic high-efficiency solar-absorbing laminated glass has an absorption greater than 99% at 300-380 nanometers and an absorption rate of 90-95% at 760-2500 nanometers. In the visible light band of 380-760 nanometers, the absorption rate increases from 20% to 60% as the temperature changes from 0-70 degrees Celsius.
  • Sunlight is well absorbed by the high-efficiency absorption layer of sunlight, and efficiently converted into heat energy, that is, the glass temperature of the high-efficiency absorption function layer of sunlight increases rapidly.
  • the wavelength at 25 degrees Celsius at normal temperature is about 15 microns. If a specific metal or metal oxide is plated on the surface of the glass, its reflection in the 3 micron-100 micron wave band is greatly improved.
  • the thermal radiation value of ordinary glass is 0.84.
  • Traditional silver-plated glass products such as single-silver glass, double-silver glass and triple-silver glass have higher reflectance in the 3-100 micron wave band and can have a lower thermal radiation coefficient ,
  • the e-value of Sanyin glass can be as low as 0.02-0.03.
  • this silver-plated low-e glass has a high reflectivity in the near-infrared band of 760-2500 nanometers.
  • the single-silver low-e glass has a near-infrared reflectance of more than 60%, and the double-silver low-e glass has a near-infrared reflectivity. Infrared reflectance is over 90%, and Sanyin's low-e glass near-infrared reflectance is over 95%.
  • the reflection characteristics of low-e glass will prevent the near-infrared rays in sunlight from reaching the high-efficiency absorption layer of sunlight, affecting the solar thermal conversion effectiveness.
  • the black body radiation functional layer of the unidirectional light-to-heat transfer smart glass system of the present invention requires high transmission and extremely low reflectivity in the 300-2500 nanometer band. Therefore, the black body radiation strong reflection layer needs to select a metal or metal oxide layer with a specific thickness to achieve a transmittance greater than 85% in the 300-2500 nm band and a reflection higher than 95% in the 3-100 ⁇ m band.
  • the black body radiation reflectance can also be reflected by the thermal emissivity, the rate of ordinary glass is 0.84, and the reflectivity of the coated surface is between 0.2-0.02.
  • the functional layer of black body radiation strong reflection glass can be deposited on the surface of ultra-white float glass by vapor deposition, vacuum evaporation, or magnetron sputtering.
  • One or more layers of Al 2 O 3 +ZnO Al 2 O 3 content is 2-3%), In 2 O 3 +SnO 2 (SnO 2 content is 8-15%), SnO 2 +F, ZnO+F, Al 2 O 3 +ZnO+F, etc. are prepared.
  • it is In 2 O 3 +SnO 2 with a thickness of 600-700 nanometers, Al 2 O 3 +ZnO with a thickness of 400-800 nanometers, and Al 2 O 3 +ZnO+F with a thickness of 200-600 nanometers.
  • the temperature of the glass substrate also affects the transmittance of the functional layer in the 300-2500 nanometer band and the reflectance in the 3-100 micrometer band. The preferred temperature is 100-400 degrees Celsius.
  • Gas convection is a major method of heat transfer. Reducing and reducing gas convection is one of the main ways to suppress heat transfer.
  • the convection suppression layer of the unidirectional light and heat transfer smart glass system is formed by forming a closed cavity between the heat absorption layer and the light-transmitting layer. It can be a vacuum layer or a spacer layer filled with inert gas. The thickness of the vacuum layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, the degree of vacuum is 1-10pa, and the inert gases filled are nitrogen, helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), and krypton (Kr).
  • the light-transmitting layer may be made of ultra-white glass, ultra-white glass plated with strong reflection of black body radiant heat, and a polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, or polyacrylate sheet with a sunlight transmittance greater than 92%.
  • the thickness of the gas spacer layer is 6-18 mm, preferably 12-16 mm.
  • the unidirectional light-to-heat transfer smart glass system of the present invention is prepared by combining a high-efficiency sunlight absorption function layer, a black body radiation strong reflection function layer, and a heat convection suppression layer according to specific positions.
  • Figures 1(a) to 1(c) show the unidirectional light and heat transfer prepared by heat-absorbing glass with high solar absorption, laminated film with high solar absorption and thermochromic laminated film with high solar absorption Smart glass system.
  • 1 is a high-efficiency solar absorption function layer, the first side from left to right is uncoated, and the thermal emissivity is 0.84.
  • the second side of the high-efficiency solar absorption function layer is a black body radiation strong reflection function layer, which requires a transmission rate of 300-2500 nm higher than 85%, and a reflection of 3-100 microns higher than 95%.
  • High-efficiency sunlight absorption functional layer glass needs to be strengthened by chemical or physical methods.
  • the high-efficiency solar absorption function layer can be laminated glass, which is made of chemically or physically strengthened or semi-strengthened colored or ultra-white float glass.
  • the thermal convection suppression layer may be a vacuum layer or a spacer layer filled with inert gas.
  • the thickness of the vacuum layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, the degree of vacuum is 1-10pa, and the inert gases filled are nitrogen, helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), and krypton (Kr).
  • the thickness of the gas spacer layer is 6-18 mm, preferably 12-16 mm.
  • the black body radiation strong reflection function layer allows more than 85% of the sunlight in the 300-2500 wave band to pass through, and converts it into heat in the sunlight efficient absorption function layer.
  • the unidirectional light and heat transfer smart glass system has ultra-low heat transfer absorption, and its k value can be lower than 0.4.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • Common insulating glass especially Low-E insulating glass, has good thermal insulation effect and low thermal conductivity.
  • Low-E glass has a reflection effect on near infrared rays and black body radiant heat, even a certain reflection effect on visible light, but Blackbody radiation reflection is low.
  • Common Low-E glasses on the market have a low heat radiation value for black body radiation of 3-100 microns, and these glasses have a high reflection coefficient for near-infrared rays of 760-2500 nanometers.
  • the common single-silver Low-E glass can reach 70%, the double-silver Low-E glass can be close to 90%, and the three-silver Low-E glass can reflect more than 95 %.
  • Hollow Low-E glass especially when the Low-E film is on the indoor side of the glass, has better thermal insulation efficiency.
  • the shading coefficient will change slightly (about 0.1-0.2), that is, although it has better thermal insulation in summer, the sunlight in winter Utilization is very low.
  • the working mechanism of the glass system of the invention in summer is as follows: the sunlight efficient absorption function layer faces the outdoor, the sunlight transmission layer faces the room, and the sunlight efficient absorption layer absorbs most ultraviolet rays, near infrared rays, and part of visible light, etc., and then converts it into a black body
  • the radiant heat and the black body radiation strong reflection function layer reflect these black body radiant heat to the outside, and at the same time, the heat convection suppression layer blocks the heat conduction, so as to meet the indoor lighting and avoid the indoor temperature rise caused by the incidence of sunlight.
  • the working mechanism of the glass system of the invention in winter is: turning the doors and windows 180 degrees, the sunlight transmission layer facing the outdoor, the sunlight efficient absorption function layer facing the indoor, most of the sunlight can pass through the sunlight transmission layer and the black body radiation intensity
  • the reflective functional layer converts sunlight into a high-efficiency absorption layer into heat energy, and emits it into the room, turning the entire glass into a heating sheet, which acts as an "open source”.
  • the black body radiation strong reflective function layer generates indoor temperature In particular, the black body radiation generated by indoor heating and heating equipment and the black body radiation generated by the high-efficiency absorption layer of sunlight are reflected back into the room, which greatly reduces indoor heat loss and plays a role of "throttling".
  • the working mechanism and mode of the motivation of the system of the present invention are ingenious, which greatly improves the temperature-increasing effect of energy-saving and heat-insulation in winter, and maximizes the utilization and utilization of the technical benefits of the 180-degree flip door and window mechanism.
  • the highly efficient absorption layer of sunlight has 99% absorption of ultraviolet rays of 300-380 nanometers, and the near-infrared rays of 760-2500 nanometers have absorption of more than 95%, and for 380-760 nanometers Of visible light has moderate absorption, and the absorption layer absorbs sunlight and converts it into black body radiant heat.
  • the forwarded black body radiation heat is radiated in one direction.
  • the black body radiation strong reflection function layer of the unidirectional light and heat transfer smart glass system has a transmittance of more than 85% for sunlight in the 300-2500 nanometer band. Therefore, when the glass system changes direction, the shading coefficient of the glass system can be Achieve more than 0.5 changes. In this way, the direction of the glass system can be changed to maximize the shade or use the solar heat.
  • the smart glass system with unidirectional light and heat transfer of the present invention exhibits different light and heat properties when sunlight is irradiated in different directions of the glass system.
  • the sunlight high-efficiency absorption layer is on the outdoor side, the sunlight is irradiated on the surface of the traditional glass, and it is converted into black body radiant heat by 99% ultraviolet rays, appropriate visible light and 95% near infrared rays, and the black body radiates a strong reflection function layer and The synergy of the thermal radiation suppression layer shields 90% of the heat outdoors. Appropriate amount of visible light enters the room, and there is no burning sensation on the indoor side.
  • the light-and-heat absorbing layer especially the double-silver, triple-silver hollow or vacuum Low-E glass, has the following characteristics in addition to the low heat transfer coefficient, that is, the k value.
  • the one-way photothermal glass system is different from double silver and triple silver insulating glass, which has lower reflectivity, so it will not produce light pollution.
  • the solar energy efficient absorption function layer and the black body radiation strong reflection layer of the unidirectional photothermal glass system are more stable, and the silver films of double silver and triple silver are unstable, and are easily oxidized by sulfides in the air and lose energy-saving performance.
  • the two sides of the sunlight of the unidirectional photothermal glass system have a very large shading coefficient difference, the shading coefficient can be reduced from 0.8 to 0.2, and the shading coefficient difference can be greater than 0.6.
  • the SC value of the Low-E glass transition surface also has a certain change, but the change is only about 0.1.
  • the unidirectional light and heat transfer smart glass system when the high-efficiency absorption layer is on the indoor side, its SC value can be greater than 0.8, which can convert sunlight into heat to the maximum extent and emit it to the indoor.
  • the traditional hollow and vacuum glass can have a shading coefficient of 0.8 in some configurations, the efficiency of converting sunlight into heat energy is much lower than that of a one-way light and heat transfer smart glass system.
  • Fig. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a one-way light and heat transfer glass system composed of heat-absorbing glass
  • Fig. 1(b) is a diagram of a double-cavity one-way light and heat transfer glass system composed of heat-absorbing glass
  • Fig. 1(c) is a Schematic diagram of hot-laminated or thermochromic double-chamber unidirectional light and heat transfer glass system
  • Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the light and heat transfer mechanism when the heat absorbing layer of the unidirectional light and heat transfer glass system is on the outdoor side
  • FIG. 2(b) is the light and heat transfer mechanism when the heat absorbing layer of the unidirectional light and heat transfer glass system is on the indoor side schematic diagram
  • Figure 3 shows the solar spectrum and black body radiation heat spectrum.
  • Fig. 4 is the sunlight transmission spectrum of silver-coated Low-E glass and black body radiation strong reflection coated glass.
  • sunlight efficient absorption function layer 1 heat convection suppression layer 2, black body radiation strong reflection function layer 3, sunlight transmission layer 4, ultraviolet A, visible light B, near infrared C, black body radiation heat D.
  • the endothermic glass prepared in Example 1 was cleaned and placed in a magnetron sputtering instrument, using ZnO doped 2.5% Al 2 O 3 as the target, the working pressure was 0.1-8Pa, and the distance between the target and the glass surface Maintained at 15 cm, the glass temperature is 120 degrees Celsius.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 800 nm.
  • the prepared glass is GLSa1, which absorbs 80% at 300-380 nanometers, 30% absorbs at 380-760 nanometers, 85% absorbs at 760-2500 nanometers, and 92% reflectivity in the 3-100 micron band.
  • the endothermic glass prepared in Example 2 was cleaned and placed in a magnetron sputtering instrument. Indium oxide was doped with 13% tin oxide as the target. The working pressure was 0.1-8 Pa. The distance between the target and the glass surface was maintained. At 15 cm, the glass temperature is 120 degrees Celsius. The deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 650 nm.
  • the prepared glass is GLSa2, which has 83% absorption at 300-380 nanometers, 56% absorption at 380-760 nanometers, 88% absorption at 760-2500 nanometers, and 91% reflectivity in the 3-100 micron band.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 800 nm.
  • the prepared glass is GLA1, which has 85% transmittance at 300-380 nm, 93% transmittance at 380-760 nm, 86% transmittance at 760-2500 nm, 1.2% reflectance, and 3-100 micron wave band The reflectivity is 92%.
  • a piece of toughened ultra-white glass with a thickness of 4 mm is cleaned and placed in a magnetron sputtering instrument.
  • Indium oxide is doped with 13% tin oxide as the target.
  • the working pressure is 0.1-10 Pa.
  • the distance between the target and the glass surface is maintained at 15 cm, the glass temperature is 200 degrees Celsius.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 800 nm.
  • the glass produced is GLA2, which has a transmittance of 84% at 300-380 nanometers, a transmittance of 95% at 380-760 nanometers, a transmittance of 88% at 760-2500 nanometers, a reflectance of 2%, 3-100
  • the reflectivity in the micrometer band is 90%.
  • a piece of toughened ultra-white glass with a thickness of 4 mm is cleaned and placed in a magnetron sputtering instrument.
  • Indium oxide is doped with 13% tin oxide as the target.
  • the working pressure is 0.1-10 Pa.
  • the distance between the target and the glass surface is maintained at 15 cm, the glass temperature is 200 degrees Celsius.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 800 nm.
  • the obtained glass is GLA2, which has a transmittance of 84% at 300-380 nm, a transmittance of 95% at 380-760 nm, a transmittance of 88% at 760-2500 nm, a reflectance of 1.6%, 3-100
  • the reflectivity in the micrometer band is 90%.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 20 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is 800 nm.
  • the glass produced is GLA3, which has a transmittance of 90% at 300-380 nanometers, a transmittance of 94% at 380-760 nanometers, a transmittance of 89% at 760-2500 nanometers, and a reflectance of 0.9% at 3-100
  • the reflectance in the micron band is 94%.
  • the deposition rate is controlled at 10 nm/min, and the deposition thickness is at 1400 nm.
  • the glass produced is GLA4, which has a transmittance of 86% at 300-380 nanometers, a transmittance of 92% at 380-760 nanometers, a transmittance of 86% at 760-2500 nanometers, a reflectivity of 1.8%, 3-100
  • the reflectance in the micrometer band is 86%.
  • the GLSa1 prepared in Example 3 and a piece of ultra-white toughened glass were prepared into hollow glass.
  • the hollow cavity is 18 mm thick and is filled with 95% argon.
  • the GLSa1 coating layer is located on the right side of the sunlight efficient absorption function layer 1 in FIG. 1(a).
  • the above glass is expressed as: GLSa1+18 (Ar95%) + super white.
  • the thermal conductivity K of the glass is 1.7.
  • the solar energy transmittance (SHGC) is 35% and the visible light transmittance VIS is 68%.
  • SHGC solar transmittance
  • VIS visible light transmittance
  • the GLSa2 prepared in Example 4 and a piece of ultra-white toughened glass were prepared into vacuum glass, with a cavity thickness of 0.3 mm, and the GLSa2 coating layer was located on the right side of the solar light efficient absorption function layer 1 in FIG. 1(a).
  • the above glass is expressed as: GLSa2+0.3(true)+super white.
  • the thermal conductivity K of the glass is 0.8.
  • the GLSa2 prepared in Example 4 and the GLA1 glass prepared in Example 5 were prepared into vacuum glass with a cavity thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • another hollow glass with another piece of tempered ultra-white glass constituted a hollow glass with a thickness of 18 mm and 90% argon filling , Forming a three-glass two-cavity structure.
  • the coating layer of GLSa2 is on the right side of the sunlight efficient absorption function layer 1 in FIG. 1(c), and the coating layer of GLA1 is on the right side of the sunlight transmission layer 4 in FIG. 1(c).
  • the above glass is expressed as: GLSa2+0.3(true)+GLA1+18(Ar90%)+super white glass.
  • the thermal conductivity coefficient K value of the glass is 0.4.
  • the solar energy transmittance (SHGC) is 23%, and the visible light transmittance VIS is 47%.
  • SHGC solar transmittance
  • VIS visible light transmittance
  • a piece of 4 mm tempered ultra-clear glass and instructions were used to prepare the heat-absorbing laminated film and the GLA1 glass prepared in Example 5 to prepare laminated glass.
  • the laminated glass passes through the vacuum suction bag method, the temperature of the laminated furnace is 145 degrees, and the pressure is controlled at 10-12bar.
  • the prepared laminated glass and another piece of tempered ultra-white glass constitute a hollow glass, the thickness of the hollow cavity is 18 mm, and the charge is 90. % Argon, forming a three-glass two-cavity structure.
  • the coating layer of GLA1 is located on the right side of the solar efficient absorption function layer 1 in FIG. 1(b).
  • the above glass is expressed as: super white + endothermic film + GLA1+18 (filled with Ar90%) + super white glass.
  • the thermal conductivity K of the glass is 1.6.
  • the solar energy transmittance (SHGC) is 33%, and the visible light transmittance VIS is 57%.
  • SHGC solar energy transmittance
  • VIS visible light transmittance
  • thermochromic visible light (vis) and solar transmittance values are the values at 15 degrees Celsius and 65 degrees Celsius, respectively.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de verre intelligent facilitant le transfert unidirectionnel de la lumière et de la chaleur, comprenant : une couche fonctionnelle d'absorption de lumière solaire (1) ; une couche fonctionnelle de réflexion forte de rayonnement de corps noir (3) disposée sur un côté de la couche fonctionnelle d'absorption de lumière solaire (1) ; et au moins une couche de transmission de lumière solaire (4) disposée sur un côté de la couche fonctionnelle de réflexion forte de rayonnement de corps noir (3) opposée à la couche fonctionnelle d'absorption de lumière solaire (1). Une région entre la couche fonctionnelle de réflexion forte de rayonnement de corps noir (3) et la couche de transmission de lumière solaire (4), et une région entre deux couches de transmission de lumière solaire adjacentes (4) s'il y a de multiples couches de transmission de lumière solaire (4) servent l'une et l'autre de couches de suppression de convection thermique (2) ayant une chambre étanche et creuse ou une chambre à vide. Le système de verre intelligent facilitant le transfert unidirectionnel de la lumière et de la chaleur peut être basculé de 180 degrés en été et en hiver, ce qui permet d'améliorer l'efficacité d'ombrage en été et l'efficacité d'utilisation solaire en hiver.
PCT/CN2019/122348 2018-12-06 2019-12-02 Système de verre intelligent facilitant le transfert unidirectionnel de la lumière et de la chaleur WO2020114345A1 (fr)

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CN109968769A (zh) * 2019-03-29 2019-07-05 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 一种低成本大面积无能耗辐射制冷复合薄膜及制备方法
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CN104632028A (zh) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-20 天津滨海新区大港亚富金属制品有限公司 一种高强度中空玻璃
JP2015196630A (ja) * 2014-04-03 2015-11-09 セントラル硝子株式会社 低放射窓材
KR20180135277A (ko) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 주식회사 참트론 발열 진공 유리
CN108454200A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2018-08-28 常州市交通设施有限公司 一种智能节能复合膜
CN109403808A (zh) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-01 南京睿爻新材料科技有限公司 一种高效单向光热传递的智能玻璃系统

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