用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具Sample making mold for shear test of rock structure surface
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于岩体力学室内实验领域,特别涉及一种用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具。The invention belongs to the field experiment field of rock mass mechanics, and particularly relates to a sample preparation mold used for the shear test of rock mass structural planes.
背景技术Background technique
岩体结构面形成于岩体地质历史发展过程中,具有一定的延伸方向和长度,厚度相对较小,控制着岩体的变形和力学行为。由此可见,准确把握结构面的力学性质是评价岩体工程稳定性的核心。岩体结构面的力学性质主要表现在法向变形、剪切变形和抗剪强度三方面。在低应力区,工程岩体失稳主要表现在岩体沿结构面发生剪切变形破坏,因此常用结构面抗剪强度作为工程岩体稳定性评价的重要指标。The rock mass structural plane is formed in the development process of rock mass geological history, has a certain extension direction and length, and the thickness is relatively small, which controls the deformation and mechanical behavior of the rock mass. This shows that accurately grasping the mechanical properties of the structural plane is the core of evaluating the stability of rock engineering. The mechanical properties of rock mass structural planes are mainly manifested in normal deformation, shear deformation and shear strength. In the low stress area, the engineering rock mass instability mainly manifests in the shear deformation and failure of the rock mass along the structural plane. Therefore, the shear strength of the structural plane is commonly used as an important index for engineering rock mass stability evaluation.
岩体力学室内试验研究是进行岩体本构模型构建和工程设计数值模拟的基础。室内直剪试验在加载路径控制、法向参数和剪切参数获取方面具有极大优势,是刻画结构面剪切行为的优选试验方法。由于结构面的剪切试验是破坏性试验且不可重复试验,加之天然岩体结构面试样的取样、运输、制样成本均较高,因此,现有研究中广泛采用水泥砂浆、高强石膏、混凝土等类岩石材料制作人工岩体结构面试样,通过对人工岩体结构面试样进行平行试验以达到研究天然岩体结构面剪切特性的目的。Rock mass mechanics laboratory test research is the basis for rock mass constitutive model construction and engineering design numerical simulation. The indoor direct shear test has great advantages in loading path control, normal parameter and shear parameter acquisition, and is the preferred test method for characterizing the shear behavior of structural planes. Because the shear test of the structural plane is a destructive test and cannot be repeated, and the cost of sampling, transportation and sample preparation of natural rock structural plane samples is relatively high, therefore, cement mortar, high-strength gypsum, Concrete and other rock materials are used to make artificial rock mass structural plane samples. The parallel rock samples are tested in parallel to achieve the purpose of studying the shear characteristics of natural rock mass structural planes.
基于此,本发明提出了一种新的制样模具来加工不同尺寸、不同形状的岩体结构面剪切试验样品以满足岩体结构面剪切特性的研究需求。Based on this, the present invention proposes a new sample-making mold to process rock structure surface shear test samples of different sizes and shapes to meet the research needs of rock structure surface shear characteristics.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题,即为了加工不同尺寸、不同形状的岩体结构面剪切试验样品以满足岩体结构面剪切特性的研究需求,本发明提出了一种用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具,所 述制样模具包括前竖板、后竖板、左侧板、右侧板和底板围成的半开放空间的模具本体,其中,所述左侧板和所述右侧板均呈L型,所述左侧板包括左侧竖板和左侧底板,所述右侧板包括右侧后竖板和右侧竖板;所述制样模具还包括支架,所述支架设置在所述底板的下侧,用于支撑所述底板。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, that is, to process the shear test samples of different sizes and shapes of rock mass structural planes to meet the research needs of the shear characteristics of rock mass structural planes, the present invention proposes a method for rock masses A sample preparation mold for a structural plane shear test. The sample preparation mold includes a semi-open space mold body surrounded by a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, and a bottom plate, wherein the left side plate And the right side plate are L-shaped, the left side plate includes a left vertical plate and a left bottom plate, the right side plate includes a right rear vertical plate and a right vertical plate; the sample preparation mold further includes A bracket provided on the lower side of the bottom plate for supporting the bottom plate.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述L型左侧板的左侧竖板与左侧底板连接处沿所述左侧竖板的宽度方向设置有第一插销,所述前竖板的下部沿所述前竖板的长度方向设置有与所述第一插销匹配的开口方向向左的长条形凹槽,所述长条形凹槽能够穿过所述第一插销,并借助螺栓将所述左侧板与所述前竖板固定。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, the connection between the left vertical plate and the left bottom plate of the L-shaped left side plate is provided along the width of the left vertical plate There is a first latch, and a lower part of the front vertical plate is provided with a long-shaped groove to the left along the opening of the front vertical plate, which matches the opening direction of the first plug, and the long-shaped groove can Pass through the first latch, and fix the left side plate and the front vertical plate by means of bolts.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述左侧竖板的内侧水平设置有第二插销和第三插销,所述底板下侧的左端水平设置有与所述第二插销和所述第三插销匹配的开口方向向下的第一U型叉和第二U型叉,所述第一U型叉的内侧和所述第二U型叉的内侧能够分别穿过所述第二插销和所述第三插销,并借助螺栓将所述左侧板与所述底板固定。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, the inner side of the left side vertical plate is horizontally provided with a second bolt and a third bolt, and the lower end of the bottom plate is horizontally provided with A first U-shaped fork and a second U-shaped fork with opening directions matching the second latch and the third latch, the inside of the first U-shaped fork and the inside of the second U-shaped fork It is possible to pass through the second latch and the third latch, respectively, and fix the left side plate and the bottom plate by means of bolts.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述底板上侧的后部区域水平设置有第四插销和第五插销,所述后竖板的外侧水平设置有与所述第四插销和所述第五插销匹配的开口方向向后的第三U型叉和第四U型叉,所述第三U型叉的内侧和所述第四U型叉的内侧能够分别穿过所述第四插销和所述第五插销,并借助螺栓将所述底板与所述后竖板固定。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, the rear area on the upper side of the bottom plate is horizontally provided with a fourth bolt and a fifth bolt, and the outer side of the rear vertical plate is provided horizontally There are a third U-shaped fork and a fourth U-shaped fork that are rearward in the opening direction matching the fourth plug and the fifth plug, the inner side of the third U-shaped fork and the fourth U-shaped fork The inner side can pass through the fourth plug and the fifth plug, respectively, and fix the bottom plate and the rear vertical plate by means of bolts.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述后竖板的内侧水平设置有至少一排贯通螺栓孔,所述右侧后竖板的外侧水平设置有至少一排与所述贯通螺栓孔匹配的半贯通螺栓孔,在所述右侧后竖板的外侧抵靠于所述后竖板的内侧之后,螺栓能够穿过所述贯通螺栓孔并深入到所述半贯通螺栓孔以将所述后竖板与所述右侧板固定。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, the inner side of the rear vertical plate is horizontally provided with at least one row of through bolt holes, and the outer side of the right rear vertical plate is horizontally provided with At least one row of semi-through bolt holes matching the through bolt holes, after the outer side of the right rear vertical plate abuts against the inner side of the rear vertical plate, the bolt can pass through the through bolt holes and penetrate to The semi-through bolt holes fix the rear vertical plate and the right side plate.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述贯通螺栓孔与所述半贯通螺栓孔均为两排,每排半贯通 螺栓孔的数量小于等于每排贯通螺栓孔的数量;并且/或者在所述后竖板与所述右侧板固定之后,所述右侧后竖板的左端抵靠于所述左侧竖板的内侧,所述右侧竖板的前端与所述前竖板接触。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold for the rock structure surface shear test, the through bolt holes and the semi-through bolt holes are both in two rows, and the number of semi-through bolt holes in each row is less than or equal to each row The number of through bolt holes; and/or after the rear vertical plate is fixed to the right side plate, the left end of the right rear vertical plate abuts the inner side of the left vertical plate, the right side vertical The front end of the board is in contact with the front vertical board.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述右侧后竖板的内侧设置为平直型或锯齿型。In the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold for the rock mass structural plane shear test, the inner side of the right rear vertical plate is set to a straight type or a zigzag type.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述前竖板的长条形凹槽与所述第一插销之间,所述底板下侧的第一U型叉与所述第二插销之间、所述第二U型叉与所述第三插销之间,所述后竖板外侧的第三U型叉与所述第四插销之间以及所述第四U型叉与所述第五插销之间的相对位置均能够被调节以使所述制样模具能够制造不同尺寸、不同形状的岩体结构面剪切试验样品。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, between the elongated groove of the front vertical plate and the first plug, the first U under the bottom plate Between the second fork and the third latch, between the second U-shaped fork and the third latch, between the third U-shaped fork outside the rear riser and the fourth latch, and the The relative positions between the fourth U-shaped fork and the fifth plug can be adjusted so that the sample preparation mold can produce rock structure surface shear test samples of different sizes and different shapes.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述支架包括上端帽、下端帽以及位于所述上端帽与所述下端帽之间的伸缩杆,所述伸缩杆包括第一支杆、嵌套于所述第一支杆的第二支杆、嵌套于所述第二支杆的第三支杆、嵌套于所述第三支杆的第四支杆,所述第一支杆和所述第二支杆通过第一螺纹扣连接,通过旋转所述第一螺纹扣能够调节所述第二支杆伸出所述第一支杆的长度;所述第二支杆和所述第三支杆通过第二螺纹扣连接,通过旋转所述第二螺纹扣能够调节所述第三支杆伸出所述第二支杆的长度;所述第三支杆和所述第四支杆通过第三螺纹扣连接,通过旋转所述第三螺纹扣能够调节所述第四支杆伸出所述第三支杆的长度。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, the bracket includes an upper end cap, a lower end cap, and a telescopic rod located between the upper end cap and the lower end cap. The rod includes a first rod, a second rod nested in the first rod, a third rod nested in the second rod, and a fourth rod nested in the third rod Rod, the first support rod and the second support rod are connected by a first thread buckle, and the length of the second support rod extending beyond the first support rod can be adjusted by rotating the first thread buckle; The second support bar and the third support bar are connected by a second thread buckle, and the length of the third support bar extending beyond the second support bar can be adjusted by rotating the second thread buckle; the third The support rod and the fourth support rod are connected by a third thread buckle, and the length of the fourth support rod extending out of the third support rod can be adjusted by rotating the third thread buckle.
在上述用于岩体结构面剪切试验的制样模具的优选实施方式中,所述底板下侧设置有第一凹槽,所述左侧底板的上侧设置有第二凹槽,所述支架的上端帽嵌入到所述第一凹槽中,所述支架的下端帽嵌入到所述第二凹槽中,并因此使所述支架固定于所述底板与所述左侧底板之间。In the above preferred embodiment of the sample preparation mold used for the shear test of the rock structure surface, a first groove is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate, and a second groove is provided on the upper side of the left bottom plate. The upper end cap of the bracket is embedded in the first groove, the lower end cap of the bracket is embedded in the second groove, and thus the bracket is fixed between the bottom plate and the left side bottom plate.
本发明提供的制样模具利用L型的左侧板和L型的右侧板分别与前竖板、后竖板和底板形成半开放空间,并利用支架支撑底板。在一些具体的实施方式中,按照本发明制样模具的结构设计,支架为可伸缩支架,前竖板的长条形凹槽与第一插销之间,底板下侧的第一U型叉与第二插销之间、第二U型叉与第三插销之间,后竖板外侧的第三 U型叉与第四插销之间以及第四U型叉与第五插销之间的相对位置均能够被调节,进一步通过调节可伸缩支架以使制样模具能够制造不同尺寸、不同形状的岩体结构面剪切试验样品。The sample preparation mold provided by the present invention utilizes an L-shaped left side plate and an L-shaped right side plate to form a semi-open space with a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate, and a bottom plate, respectively, and supports the bottom plate with a bracket. In some specific embodiments, according to the structural design of the sample preparation mold of the present invention, the bracket is a retractable bracket, between the elongated groove of the front vertical plate and the first latch, and the first U-shaped fork on the lower side of the bottom plate The relative positions between the second bolt, the second U-shaped fork and the third bolt, the third U-shaped fork and the fourth bolt outside the rear riser, and the fourth U-shaped fork and the fifth bolt It can be adjusted, and further by adjusting the retractable bracket so that the sample-making mold can produce rock structure surface shear test samples of different sizes and shapes.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1是本发明实施例的制样模具的主视示意图;1 is a schematic front view of a sample preparation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例的制样模具的左视示意图;2 is a schematic left side view of a sample preparation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例的制样模具的俯视示意图;3 is a schematic top view of a sample preparation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4a是本发明实施例的制样模具的左侧板的主视示意图;4a is a schematic front view of the left side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图4b是本发明实施例的制样模具的左侧板的俯视示意图;4b is a schematic plan view of the left side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例的制样模具的前竖板的主视示意图;5 is a schematic front view of the front vertical plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图6a是本发明实施例的制样模具的底板的主视示意图;6a is a schematic front view of a bottom plate of a sample preparation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6b是本发明实施例的制样模具的底板的左视示意图;6b is a schematic left side view of the bottom plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图7a是本发明实施例的制样模具的后竖板的主视示意图;7a is a schematic front view of the rear vertical plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图7b是本发明实施例的制样模具的后竖板的俯视示意图;7b is a schematic plan view of the rear vertical plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图8a是本发明实施例的制样模具的右侧板的主视示意图;8a is a schematic front view of the right side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图8b是本发明实施例的制样模具的右侧板的俯视示意图;8b is a schematic plan view of the right side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention;
图9a是本发明实施例的制样模具的处于缩短状态的支架结构示意图;9a is a schematic diagram of a bracket structure of a sample preparation mold in a shortened state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9b是本发明实施例的制样模具的处于伸长状态的支架结构示意图。FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram of the stent structure of the sample preparation mold in the extended state of the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的实施例、技术方案和优点更加明显,下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例。本领域技术人员应当理解的是,这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理,并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。In order to make the embodiments, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all Examples. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
首先参照图1-3,图1是本发明一种实施例的制样模具的主视图;图2是本发明一种实施例的制样模具的左视图;图3是本发明一种实施例的制样模具的俯视图。如图1-3所示,本发明的用于岩体结构 面剪切试验的制样模具包括前竖板1、后竖板2、左侧板3、右侧板4、底板5和支架6,前竖板1、后竖板2、左侧板3、右侧板4和底板5围成半开放空间的模具本体,支架6设置在底板5的下侧,用于支撑底板5。其中,左侧板3和右侧板4均呈L型,下面结合图4a-9b分别对左侧板3和右侧板4的结构以及左侧板3、右侧板4分别与前竖板1、后竖板2和底板5之间的连接关系以及支架6及其连接关系作进一步说明。Referring first to FIGS. 1-3, FIG. 1 is a front view of a sample preparation mold of an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a left side view of a sample preparation mold of an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the invention View of the sample preparation mold. As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the sample preparation mold for the rock structure plane shear test of the present invention includes a front vertical plate 1, a rear vertical plate 2, a left side plate 3, a right side plate 4, a bottom plate 5 and a bracket 6 The front vertical plate 1, the rear vertical plate 2, the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 form a semi-open space mold body, and the bracket 6 is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate 5 to support the bottom plate 5. Among them, the left side panel 3 and the right side panel 4 are both L-shaped. The structure of the left side panel 3 and the right side panel 4 and the left side panel 3, the right side panel 4 and the front vertical panel are respectively 1. The connection relationship between the rear vertical plate 2 and the bottom plate 5 and the bracket 6 and its connection relationship are further described.
参照图4a和4b,图4a是本发明实施例的制样模具的左侧板的主视示意图;图4b是本发明实施例的制样模具的左侧板的俯视示意图。如图4a和4b所示,L型的左侧板3包括左侧竖板31和左侧底板32,左侧竖板31与左侧底板32连接处沿左侧竖板31宽度方向设置有第一插销33,图4b可以看出该第一插销33指向前方。4a and 4b, FIG. 4a is a schematic front view of the left side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4b is a schematic top view of the left side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the L-shaped left side plate 3 includes a left side vertical plate 31 and a left side bottom plate 32. The connection between the left side vertical plate 31 and the left side bottom plate 32 is provided along the width direction of the left side vertical plate 31 A pin 33, as shown in FIG. 4b, the first pin 33 points forward.
参照图5,图5是本发明实施例的制样模具的前竖板的主视示意图。如图5所示,前竖板1的下部沿前竖板1的长度方向设置有与第一插销33匹配的开口方向向左的长条形凹槽11,进一步,该长条形凹槽11左端的上、下两侧均作锐化处理,该长条形凹槽11右端为半圆形。在装配前竖板1与左侧板3时,长条形凹槽11能够穿过第一插销33,并借助螺栓M将左侧板3与前竖板1固定。例如,长条形凹槽11穿过第一插销33后,螺栓M在第一插销33上旋转以压紧长条形凹槽11,从而紧固左侧板3与前竖板1。优选地,该第一插销33为圆柱状插销。Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a front vertical plate of a sample preparation mold according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower portion of the front vertical plate 1 is provided with a long-shaped groove 11 to the left along the length of the front vertical plate 1 in the opening direction matching the first latch 33. Further, the long-shaped groove 11 The upper and lower sides of the left end are sharpened, and the right end of the elongated groove 11 is semicircular. When assembling the front vertical plate 1 and the left side plate 3, the elongated groove 11 can pass through the first latch 33 and fix the left side plate 3 and the front vertical plate 1 by means of bolts M. For example, after the elongated groove 11 passes through the first latch 33, the bolt M rotates on the first latch 33 to press the elongated groove 11, thereby fastening the left side plate 3 and the front vertical plate 1. Preferably, the first plug 33 is a cylindrical plug.
返回参照图4a和4b,左侧竖板31的内侧水平设置有第二插销34和第三插销35。具体地,该第二插销34和第三插销35结构相同,沿左侧竖板31长度方向(即沿左侧板从后往前的方向)水平并排且紧邻地设置于左侧竖板31内侧的下部区域。优选地,该第二插销34和第三插销35为圆柱状插销。Referring back to FIGS. 4a and 4b, the inside of the left side riser 31 is horizontally provided with a second latch 34 and a third latch 35. Specifically, the second latch 34 and the third latch 35 have the same structure, and are horizontally arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the left side vertical plate 31 (that is, in the direction from the back to the front of the left side plate) and are closely arranged inside the left side vertical plate 31 Lower area. Preferably, the second pin 34 and the third pin 35 are cylindrical pins.
参照图6a和6b,图6a是本发明实施例的制样模具的底板的主视示意图;图6b是本发明实施例的制样模具的底板的左视示意图。如图6a和6b所示,底板5下侧的左端水平设置有与第二插销34和第三插销35匹配的开口方向向下的第一U型叉51和第二U型叉52。在装配左侧板3与底板5时,第一U型叉51的内侧和第二U型叉52的内侧能够分别穿过第二插销34和第三插销35,并借助螺栓M将左侧板3与底板5固定。例如,第一U型叉51穿过第二插销34、第二U型叉52穿过第三插销35,螺 栓M在第二插销34和第三插销35上旋转以压紧第一U型叉51和第二U型叉52,从而紧固左侧板3与底板5。继续参照图6a和6b,底板5上侧的后部区域水平设置有第四插销53和第五插销54。6a and 6b, FIG. 6a is a schematic front view of the bottom plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6b is a schematic left side view of the bottom plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the left end of the bottom side of the bottom plate 5 is horizontally provided with a first U-shaped fork 51 and a second U-shaped fork 52 that are downward in the opening direction to match the second latch 34 and the third latch 35. When assembling the left side plate 3 and the bottom plate 5, the inside of the first U-shaped fork 51 and the inside of the second U-shaped fork 52 can pass through the second latch 34 and the third latch 35, respectively, and the left side panel is bolted M 3 is fixed with the bottom plate 5. For example, the first U-shaped fork 51 passes through the second latch 34, the second U-shaped fork 52 passes through the third latch 35, and the bolt M rotates on the second latch 34 and the third latch 35 to press the first U-shaped fork 51 and the second U-shaped fork 52 to fasten the left side plate 3 and the bottom plate 5. 6a and 6b, the rear area on the upper side of the bottom plate 5 is horizontally provided with a fourth latch 53 and a fifth latch 54.
参照图7a和7b,图7a是本发明实施例的制样模具的后竖板的主视示意图;图7b是本发明实施例的制样模具的后竖板的俯视示意图。如图7a和7b所示,后竖板2的外侧水平设置有与第四插销53和第五插销54匹配的开口方向向后的第三U型叉21和第四U型叉22。在装配后竖板2与底板5时,第三U型叉21的内侧和第四U型叉22的内侧分别穿过第四插销53和第五插销54,并借助螺栓M将底板5与后竖板2固定。例如,第三U型叉21穿过第四插销53、第四U型叉22穿过第五插销54,螺栓M在第四插销53和第五插销54上旋转以压紧第三U型叉21和第四U型叉22,从而紧固后竖板2与底板5。继续参照图7a和7b,后竖板2的内侧水平设置有至少一排贯通螺栓孔23。本实施例中,贯通螺栓孔23为两排,每排设置有四个。7a and 7b, FIG. 7a is a schematic front view of the rear vertical plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7b is a schematic plan view of the rear vertical plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the outer side of the rear vertical plate 2 is horizontally provided with a third U-shaped fork 21 and a fourth U-shaped fork 22 that are rearward in the opening direction to match the fourth latch 53 and the fifth latch 54. When the rear riser 2 and the bottom plate 5 are assembled, the inside of the third U-shaped fork 21 and the inside of the fourth U-shaped fork 22 pass through the fourth latch 53 and the fifth latch 54 respectively, and the bottom plate 5 and the rear The vertical plate 2 is fixed. For example, the third U-shaped fork 21 passes through the fourth pin 53 and the fourth U-shaped fork 22 passes through the fifth pin 54, and the bolt M rotates on the fourth pin 53 and the fifth pin 54 to press the third U-shaped fork 21 and the fourth U-shaped fork 22, thereby fastening the rear riser 2 and the bottom plate 5. 7a and 7b, the inner side of the rear riser 2 is horizontally provided with at least one row of through bolt holes 23. In this embodiment, the through bolt holes 23 are in two rows, and four are provided in each row.
参照图8a和8b,图8a是本发明实施例的制样模具的右侧板的主视示意图;图8b是本发明实施例的制样模具的右侧板的俯视示意图。如图8a和8b所示,L型的右侧板4包括右侧后竖板41和右侧竖板42,右侧后竖板41的外侧水平设置有至少一排与贯通螺栓孔23匹配的半贯通螺栓孔43。在本实施例中,半贯通螺栓孔43为两排,每排设置有四个。在装配右侧板4与后竖板2时,右侧后竖板41的外侧抵靠于后竖板2的内侧,此时半贯通螺栓孔43与贯通螺栓孔23为对齐状态,螺栓M穿过贯通螺栓孔23并深入到半贯通螺栓孔43以将后竖板2与右侧板4固定。进一步,在后竖板2与右侧板4固定之后,右侧后竖板41的左端抵靠于左侧竖板31的内侧,右侧竖板42的前端与前竖板1接触。8a and 8b, FIG. 8a is a schematic front view of the right side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8b is a schematic top view of the right side plate of the sample preparation mold of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, the L-shaped right side plate 4 includes a right rear vertical plate 41 and a right vertical plate 42. The outer side of the right rear vertical plate 41 is horizontally provided with at least one row matching the through bolt holes 23 Semi-through bolt hole 43. In this embodiment, the semi-through bolt holes 43 are in two rows, and four are provided in each row. When the right side plate 4 and the rear vertical plate 2 are assembled, the outer side of the right rear vertical plate 41 abuts against the inner side of the rear vertical plate 2. At this time, the semi-through bolt holes 43 and the through bolt holes 23 are aligned, and the bolt M is worn The through bolt holes 23 are penetrated and penetrated into the semi-through bolt holes 43 to fix the rear riser 2 and the right side plate 4. Further, after the rear vertical plate 2 and the right side plate 4 are fixed, the left end of the right rear vertical plate 41 abuts against the inside of the left vertical plate 31, and the front end of the right vertical plate 42 contacts the front vertical plate 1.
在此需要说明的是,右侧后竖板41的长度可以灵活地选择不同的尺寸,根据不同尺寸、不同形状的右侧后竖板41,在右侧后竖板41上设置不同数量的半贯通螺栓孔43。例如,在图8a和8b示出的右侧后竖板41的长度的基础上,当右侧后竖板41的长度减少一半时,可以相应地将每排半贯通螺栓孔43的数量减少两个,这些都不脱离本发明的保护范围。另外,右侧后竖板41的内侧可以设置为平直型,也可 以设置为锯齿型,或者还可以由本领域技术人员根据实际需要设置为其他形式。It should be noted here that the length of the right rear vertical plate 41 can be flexibly selected for different sizes. According to different sizes and shapes of the right rear vertical plate 41, different numbers of halves are provided on the right rear vertical plate 41 Through the bolt hole 43. For example, based on the length of the right rear riser 41 shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, when the length of the right rear riser 41 is reduced by half, the number of semi-through bolt holes 43 in each row can be reduced by two No, these do not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the inner side of the right rear vertical plate 41 may be set to a straight type or a zigzag type, or may be set to other forms according to actual needs by those skilled in the art.
参照图9a和9b,图9a是本发明实施例的制样模具的处于缩短状态的支架结构示意图;图9b是本发明实施例的制样模具的处于伸长状态的支架结构示意图。如图9a和9b所示,支架6包括上端帽61、下端帽62以及位于上端帽61与下端帽62之间的伸缩杆63,伸缩杆63包括第一支杆631、嵌套于第一支杆631的第二支杆632、嵌套于第二支杆632的第三支杆633、嵌套于第三支杆633的第四支杆634。第一支杆631和第二支杆632通过第一螺纹扣64连接,通过旋转第一螺纹扣64能够调节第二支杆632伸出第一支杆631的长度;第二支杆632和第三支杆633通过第二螺纹扣65连接,通过旋转第二螺纹扣65能够调节第三支杆633伸出第二支杆632的长度;第三支杆633和第四支杆634通过第三螺纹扣66连接,通过旋转第三螺纹扣66能够调节第四支杆634伸出第三支杆633的长度。换言之,支架6具有四节可伸缩范围,通过调节支架6的高度可以调节底板5的高度。具体地,返回参照图4a、4b以及图6a和6b,底板5下侧设置有第一凹槽50,左侧底板32的上侧设置有第二凹槽30,支架6的上端帽61嵌入到第一凹槽50中,支架6的下端帽62嵌入到第二凹槽30中,并因此使支架固定于底板5与左侧底板32之间。9a and 9b, FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of the stent structure of the sample preparation mold in the shortened state of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram of the stent structure of the sample preparation mold in the extended state of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the bracket 6 includes an upper end cap 61, a lower end cap 62, and a telescopic rod 63 located between the upper end cap 61 and the lower end cap 62. The telescopic rod 63 includes a first support rod 631, nested in the first support The second rod 632 of the rod 631, the third rod 633 nested in the second rod 632, and the fourth rod 634 nested in the third rod 633. The first rod 631 and the second rod 632 are connected by a first thread buckle 64, and the length of the second rod 632 extending out of the first rod 631 can be adjusted by rotating the first thread buckle 64; the second rod 632 and the second rod 632 The three supporting rods 633 are connected by the second threaded buckle 65, and the length of the third supporting rod 633 extending beyond the second supporting rod 632 can be adjusted by rotating the second threaded latch 65; the third supporting rod 633 and the fourth supporting rod 634 pass through the third The screw buckle 66 is connected. By rotating the third screw buckle 66, the length of the fourth supporting rod 634 extending beyond the third supporting rod 633 can be adjusted. In other words, the bracket 6 has a four-section telescopic range, and the height of the bottom plate 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the bracket 6. Specifically, referring back to FIGS. 4a, 4b and FIGS. 6a and 6b, the bottom side of the bottom plate 5 is provided with a first groove 50, the upper side of the left side bottom plate 32 is provided with a second groove 30, and the upper end cap 61 of the bracket 6 is inserted into In the first groove 50, the lower end cap 62 of the bracket 6 is embedded in the second groove 30, and thus the bracket is fixed between the bottom plate 5 and the left bottom plate 32.
如上所述,本领域技术人员可以理解的是,前竖板1的长条形凹槽11与第一插销33之间,底板5下侧的第一U型叉51与第二插销34之间、第二U型叉52与第三插销35之间,后竖板2外侧的第三U型叉21与第四插销53之间以及第四U型叉22与第五插销54之间的相对位置均能够被调节,进一步通过调节支架6以使制样模具能够制造不同尺寸、不同形状的岩体结构面剪切试验样品。As described above, those skilled in the art can understand that between the elongated groove 11 of the front riser 1 and the first latch 33, and between the first U-shaped fork 51 and the second latch 34 under the bottom plate 5 , Between the second U-shaped fork 52 and the third bolt 35, the third U-shaped fork 21 and the fourth bolt 53 outside the rear riser 2 and the fourth U-shaped fork 22 and the fifth bolt 54 The positions can be adjusted, and the bracket 6 is further adjusted to enable the sample-making mold to manufacture rock structure surface shear test samples of different sizes and shapes.
举例而言,在上述制样模具组装好的基础上,当加工锯齿型岩体试样时,结合待加工试样的尺寸以调节模具本体的空间大小,同时调整支架高度,并使用两个锯齿型的右侧后竖板41形成两个制样模具,分别浇筑浆体材料于两个制样模具内,通过养护固化后最终形成岩体试样,然后取出两个制样模具中的岩体试样,分别沿岩体试样长度方向顺时针和逆时针旋转两个岩体试样并将锯齿面合并,将锯齿面合并后的岩体试样安装于剪切试验仪中进行剪切试验。For example, on the basis of the assembly of the above sample preparation mold, when processing a sawtooth rock sample, the size of the sample body is adjusted to adjust the space size of the mold body, while adjusting the height of the bracket, and using two saw teeth The right rear plate 41 of the model forms two sample-making molds, and the slurry material is poured into the two sample-making molds respectively, and the rock mass sample is finally formed after curing and curing, and then the rock bodies in the two sample-making molds are taken out For the specimen, rotate the two rock specimens clockwise and counterclockwise along the length of the rock specimen and merge the sawtooth surfaces. Install the combined rock specimens in the shear tester to perform the shear test .
至此,已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案,但是,本领域技术人员容易理解的是,本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下,本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换,这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.