WO2020111622A1 - 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진 - Google Patents
전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020111622A1 WO2020111622A1 PCT/KR2019/015798 KR2019015798W WO2020111622A1 WO 2020111622 A1 WO2020111622 A1 WO 2020111622A1 KR 2019015798 W KR2019015798 W KR 2019015798W WO 2020111622 A1 WO2020111622 A1 WO 2020111622A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxidant
- electric motor
- oxidizer
- tank
- pump
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/46—Feeding propellants using pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/50—Feeding propellants using pressurised fluid to pressurise the propellants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/56—Control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/56—Control
- F02K9/563—Control of propellant feed pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/72—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid and solid propellants, i.e. hybrid rocket-engine plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/207—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling using a phase changing mass, e.g. heat absorbing by melting or boiling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump, and more specifically, a low temperature oxidant rapidly cools an electric motor and a battery overheated, and uses the pressure generated by vaporization at the same time to rapidly abate in the oxidant tank. It relates to a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump to prevent pressure drop.
- rockets fly by generating thrust with energy generated through combustion of a propellant composed of fuel and oxidizer.
- a propellant composed of fuel and oxidizer.
- the phase of the fuel and oxidant it is divided into solid, liquid, and hybrid rockets.
- the fuel is solid, and the oxidant uses liquid or gas.
- the hybrid rocket separates and stores fuel and oxidant, and has the advantage of thrust control, stopping, and restarting by controlling the flow rate of the oxidant.
- an oxidizing agent In order to secure this important function and performance, an oxidizing agent must be supplied stably, and a separate pressurization system is required for this.
- the pressurization system for supplying the oxidizing agent in the hybrid rocket is a self-pressurizing method that uses the properties of the oxidizing agent itself having a high saturated vapor pressure at room temperature, such as nitrous oxide, and stores helium or nitrogen at high pressure.
- a gas pressurization method that pressurizes an oxidant using a separate high pressure vessel pressure, and a pump connected to it and operates a turbine with the momentum of combustion gas obtained by burning fuel and an oxidant in separate devices such as a gas generator.
- Use the turbo pump pressurizing method to pressurize the oxidizing agent.
- the spontaneous pressing method basically increases the weight of the oxidant tank because it is necessary to secure the structural rigidity of the oxidant tank capable of withstanding the empty space (Ullage) and the actual oxidant supply pressure in the oxidizer tank.
- the oxidizing agent is consumed, there is a problem in that thrust fluctuation increases due to a sudden pressure drop inside the oxidizing agent tank.
- the gas pressurization method requires an additional high-pressure vessel to store an inert gas such as helium or nitrogen at a high pressure, and thus requires an additional weight of the projectile, and provides a uniform and stable supply of the oxidizing agent that is pressurized by the exhaustion of the gas for continuous pressurization.
- the disadvantage is that this is impossible.
- the turbopump pressurization method using the momentum of the combustion gas generated by the gas generator generally uses a series of systems that supply the oxidizing agent by driving the turbine with the combustion gas generated by the gas generator and rotating the pump coaxially connected to the turbine. .
- the weight of the projectile is increased because a separate oxidizing agent and fuel have to be loaded, and additionally required parts or devices such as a gas generator, fuel/oxidant supply device, turbine, etc.
- the structure is complicated and has a problem of increasing weight.
- turbopump pressurization method is highly effective for liquid rockets that drive both fuel pumps and oxidant pumps with one gas generator and turbine system, but increases complexity and weight when applied to hybrid rockets that require only oxidant pressurization. Compared to this, it is less effective and reduces the advantages of hybrid rockets.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump that maintains a constant pressure and has stable oxidizing agent supply characteristics.
- the hybrid rocket engine using the electric motor-driven oxidant pump according to the present invention comprises an oxidizing agent tank storing oxidizing agent, the oxidizing agent tank and the first supply oxidizing agent line.
- An oxidant pump connected to pressurize the oxidant, a driving unit including an electric motor driving the oxidant pump, and a battery supplying power to the electric motor, and the oxidant from the oxidant tank to cool the electric motor in the driving unit
- a driving unit including an electric motor driving the oxidant pump, and a battery supplying power to the electric motor
- the oxidant from the oxidant tank to cool the electric motor in the driving unit
- the auxiliary oxidant line supplies a part of the oxidant supplied through the first supply oxidant line to the electric motor, and supplies oxidant vapor generated during cooling of the electric motor to the oxidant tank through the recycle oxidant line to It is a structure that keeps the pressure of the oxidant tank constant.
- An exhaust oxidant line that branches off from the recirculating oxidant line and discharges the oxidant to the outside, the exhaust oxidant line includes an oxidant discharge valve that is opened or closed for oxidant discharge, and the second supply oxidant line to the combustion chamber It may include a main oxidant supply valve that is open or closed to supply the oxidant.
- the oxidant tank includes a pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the oxidant tank, and further receives a data from the pressure sensor and further controls a controller that controls the oxidant discharge valve, the main oxidant supply valve, and the electric motor according to a setting algorithm. It can contain.
- the oxidant discharge valve is opened when the pressure of the oxidant tank is greater than or equal to the set pressure by the signal from the controller, and is closed when the pressure of the oxidant tank is less than or equal to the set pressure.
- a projectile propulsion engine is provided by driving a pump using an electric motor and a battery and supplying an oxidant to simplify the pressurization system and reduce the weight of the oxidant tank. As a result, the advantage can be maximized.
- the low-temperature oxidizing agent is circulated to an electric driving unit including an electric motor and a battery to cool, and through this process, the oxidizing pressurized oxidizing agent is recharged to the upper portion of the oxidizing agent tank to create an empty space inside the closed oxidizing agent tank as the oxidizing agent runs out. Filling can solve the problem of sudden increase in vacuum and pressure drop.
- the pressure of the oxidizing agent tank can be kept constant to prevent the oxidizing agent from dropping in pressure.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a control state of the oxidant discharge valve provided in the discharge oxidant line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hybrid rocket engine 1 using an electric motor-driven oxidant pump that maintains the pressure of the oxidant tank 10 and prevents the pressure of the oxidant from falling is disclosed.
- the hybrid rocket engine 1 is an oxidant tank 10, an oxidizing agent pump 20, a driving unit 30, an auxiliary oxidizing agent line 40, a recirculating oxidizing agent line 50, a discharge oxidizing agent line 60 , And a combustion chamber 70.
- the hybrid rocket engine (1) is an oxidant tank (10) for storing an oxidizing agent, an oxidizing agent pump (20) connected to the oxidizing agent tank (10) through a first supply oxidizing agent line (80A) to pressurize the oxidizing agent, the oxidizing agent pump (20) a driving unit 30 including an electric motor 31 for driving and a battery 32 for supplying power to the electric motor 31, and the oxidant tank 10 for cooling the driving unit 30 It includes an auxiliary oxidant line 40 to guide the oxidant from.
- the hybrid rocket engine 1 after the oxidizing agent circulates the driving unit 30, a recirculating oxidizing agent line 50 for guiding the oxidizing agent to be recharged to the oxidizing agent tank 10, the recirculating oxidizing agent line 50 ), a discharge oxidant line (60) for discharging the oxidant to the outside, and a combustion chamber (70) connected to the oxidant pump (20) and a second supply oxidant line (80B) to burn oxidant and fuel. .
- the auxiliary oxidant line 40 supplies a portion of the oxidant supplied through the first supply oxidant line 80A to the electric motor 31 to cool the electric motor 31, and the electric motor 31 ) Is a structure in which the oxidant tank 10 is filled with pressure generated as the oxidant evaporates through heat exchange between the oxidant and the oxidant tank to pressurize the oxidant tank 10.
- the discharge oxidant line 60 includes an oxidant discharge valve 61 that is opened or closed for oxidant discharge, and the second supply oxidant line 80B is opened or closed to supply the oxidant to the combustion chamber 70. It includes a main oxidizing agent supply valve 81.
- the oxidant tank 10 of the hybrid rocket engine 1 includes a pressure sensor 11 for measuring the pressure in the oxidant tank 10, and receives data from the pressure sensor 11 And a controller 90 that controls the oxidant discharge valve 61, the main oxidant supply valve 81, and the electric motor 31 according to a setting algorithm.
- the rocket has a very important propulsion performance in terms of function, and in a chemical rocket including a hybrid rocket, a high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by burning propellants in the combustion chamber 70 through a nozzle is used to generate thrust. Because it ejects at high speed, propulsion performance is greatly affected by the combustion performance and characteristics of the rocket engine.
- the hybrid rocket engine 1 uses a regression rate, which is a combustion rate of solid fuel, as a combustion rate indicating combustion performance, and can be expressed as a generalized relational expression that is empirical as follows.
- the combustion performance of the hybrid rocket engine 1 is directly related to the mass flow rate of the oxidant.
- the mass flow rate can be expressed as a function of the pressure difference between the inlet (front) and outlet (rear) in the test volume, and the mass flow can be changed by adjusting the pressure.
- Mass flow of silver fluid Is the density of the fluid, Is the cross-sectional area of the fluid, Is the velocity of the fluid, Is the pressure difference before and after the test volume.
- thrust can be controlled by adjusting the mass flow rate of the oxidant according to the oxidant supply pressure condition to the combustion chamber 70, and the stable oxidant supply pressure plays an important role as one factor of propulsion performance. do.
- the hybrid rocket engine 1 uses an oxidant pump 20 driven by the electric motor 31 for pressurization when supplying oxidant to the combustion chamber 70.
- the inlet (shear) pressure of the oxidant pump 20 is adjusted by the pressure of the oxidant tank 10, and the outlet of the oxidant pump 20 through which the oxidant pressurized at a constant compression ratio by the oxidant pump 20 is discharged ( The pressure of the rear stage) becomes the supply pressure of the oxidizing agent to the combustion chamber 70.
- a separate pressurization system is required to secure the stability of the inlet (shear) pressure of the oxidant pump 20, but in the hybrid rocket engine 1 using the electric motor driven oxidant pump, the electric motor 31 and the battery
- the oxidizing agent at a low temperature is evaporated and pressurized through circulating cooling to the driving unit 30 including (32) so that it can be recharged to the oxidant tank 10, thereby removing a separate pressurization system and supplying the oxidizing agent from the hybrid rocket engine 1
- the system can be simplified.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a control state of the oxidant discharge valve provided in the discharge oxidant line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the oxidant discharge valve 61 is opened when the pressure of the oxidant tank 10 is greater than or equal to the set pressure by the signal of the controller 90, and the pressure of the oxidant tank 10 is set pressure It is a closed structure when below.
- the oxidant discharge valve when the pressure of the oxidant tank 10 is higher than the set value
- the pressure of the oxidant tank 10 is controlled to be constant by closing the oxidant discharge valve 61, that is, the pressure of the oxidant tank 10, that is, the Stability of the inlet (shear) pressure of the oxidant pump 20 can be secured.
- the controller 90 in addition to the control for maintaining the pressure of the oxidant tank 10, the flow rate of the oxidant pressurized through the rotation speed (rpm) control of the electric motor 31 driving the oxidant pump 20 It is possible to control and control the main oxidizing agent supply valve 81 for supplying the oxidizing agent into the combustion chamber 70.
- the hybrid rocket engine 1 uses an electric motor 31 and a battery 32 to drive the oxidant pump 20 and supply oxidant to simplify the system and reduce the weight of the oxidant tank 10. It can maximize the advantage as a projectile propulsion engine.
- the low-temperature oxidizing agent is cooled by circulating to the driving unit 30 including the electric motor 31 and the battery 32, and the oxidizing agent is exhausted by recharging the oxidizing pressurized oxidizing agent into the oxidizing agent tank 10 through this process.
- the driving unit 30 including the electric motor 31 and the battery 32
- the oxidizing agent is exhausted by recharging the oxidizing pressurized oxidizing agent into the oxidizing agent tank 10 through this process.
- the present invention can prevent a sudden pressure drop in the oxidant tank by using the pressure generated by vaporizing at the same time as cooling the electric motor and the battery of the low temperature oxidant overheated in the hybrid rocket engine.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 산화제를 저장하는 산화제 탱크;상기 산화제 탱크와 제1공급 산화제 라인을 통해 연결되어 산화제를 가압시키는 산화제 펌프;상기 산화제 펌프를 구동하는 전기모터 및 상기 전기모터에 전원을 공급하는 배터리를 포함하는 구동부;상기 구동부의 상기 전기모터를 냉각하기 위해 상기 산화제 탱크로부터 산화제를 상기 전기모터로 안내하는 보조 산화제 라인;상기 전기모터와 산화제의 열교환을 통해 발생하는 산화제 증기를 상기 산화제 탱크로 재충전하여 상기 산화제 탱크의 내부를 가압하는 재순환 산화제 라인; 및상기 산화제 펌프와 제2공급 산화제 라인을 통해 연결되어 산화제와 연료를 연소시키는 연소실;을 포함하는 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 보조 산화제 라인은 상기 제1공급 산화제 라인을 통해 공급되는 산화제의 일부를 상기 전기모터로 공급하고, 상기 전기모터의 냉각 시 발생하는 산화제 증기를 상기 재순환 산화제 라인을 통해 상기 산화제 탱크에 공급하여 상기 산화제 탱크의 압력을 일정하게 유지하는 구조의 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 재순환 산화제 라인으로부터 분기되어 외부로 산화제를 배출하는 배출 산화제 라인을 포함하고,상기 배출 산화제 라인은 산화제 배출을 위해 개방 또는 폐쇄되는 산화제 배출밸브를 포함하며, 상기 제2공급 산화제 라인은 상기 연소실로 산화제를 공급하기 위해 개방 또는 폐쇄되는 주 산화제 공급밸브를 포함하는 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진.
- 제 3 항에 있어서,상기 산화제 탱크는 상기 산화제 탱크 내의 압력을 계측하는 압력 센서를 포함하고, 상기 압력 센서로부터 데이터를 수신하고 설정 알고리즘에 따라 상기 산화제 배출밸브와 상기 주 산화제 공급밸브 및 상기 전기모터를 제어하는 제어기를 더 포함하는 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 산화제 배출밸브는 상기 제어기의 신호에 의해 상기 산화제 탱크의 압력이 설정된 압력 이상일 때 개방되고, 상기 산화제 탱크의 압력이 설정된 압력 이하일 때 닫히는 구조의 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP19890922.8A EP3889416A4 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-19 | HYBRID ROCKET ENGINE USING AN ELECTRIC MOTOR-DRIVEN FUEL PUMP |
AU2019390971A AU2019390971B2 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-19 | Hybrid rocket engine using electric motor-driven oxidizer pump |
BR112021009337-0A BR112021009337A2 (pt) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-19 | um motor de foguete híbrido que usa uma bomba oxidante acionada por motor elétrico |
US17/293,127 US11649786B2 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-19 | Hybrid rocket engine using electric motor-driven oxidizer pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020180151430A KR102101659B1 (ko) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진 |
KR10-2018-0151430 | 2018-11-29 |
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WO2020111622A1 true WO2020111622A1 (ko) | 2020-06-04 |
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PCT/KR2019/015798 WO2020111622A1 (ko) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-19 | 전기모터 구동식 산화제 펌프를 사용하는 하이브리드 로켓엔진 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11649786B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP3889416A4 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR102101659B1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2019390971B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR112021009337A2 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2020111622A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
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CN112697439A (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-23 | 江苏深蓝航天有限公司 | 一种电动泵循环火箭发动机整机液流试验系统及方法 |
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CN114508447B (zh) * | 2022-02-17 | 2024-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种电动泵压式固液火箭发动机试验输送系统和方法 |
KR20230139590A (ko) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-05 | (주)이노스페이스 | 롤제어 추력기와 이것이 구비된 하이브리드 로켓 |
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CN112697439B (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-17 | 江苏深蓝航天有限公司 | 一种电动泵循环火箭发动机整机液流试验系统及方法 |
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AU2019390971A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
AU2019390971B2 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
US20220003188A1 (en) | 2022-01-06 |
US11649786B2 (en) | 2023-05-16 |
KR102101659B1 (ko) | 2020-04-17 |
EP3889416A4 (en) | 2022-08-24 |
EP3889416A1 (en) | 2021-10-06 |
BR112021009337A2 (pt) | 2021-08-17 |
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