WO2020108050A1 - 一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020108050A1
WO2020108050A1 PCT/CN2019/107671 CN2019107671W WO2020108050A1 WO 2020108050 A1 WO2020108050 A1 WO 2020108050A1 CN 2019107671 W CN2019107671 W CN 2019107671W WO 2020108050 A1 WO2020108050 A1 WO 2020108050A1
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type
transaction
blockchain
blockchain network
certificate
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PCT/CN2019/107671
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨新颖
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
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Priority to SG11202100795SA priority Critical patent/SG11202100795SA/en
Priority to EP19889128.5A priority patent/EP3812994A4/en
Publication of WO2020108050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020108050A1/zh
Priority to US17/162,900 priority patent/US11379836B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
    • G06Q20/06—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme
    • G06Q20/065—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash
    • G06Q20/0655—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash e-cash managed centrally
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3827—Use of message hashing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/389—Keeping log of transactions for guaranteeing non-repudiation of a transaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/18—Legal services
    • G06Q50/184—Intellectual property management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography
    • G06Q2220/10—Usage protection of distributed data files
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of information technology, and in particular, to a data certification method and system based on multiple blockchain networks.
  • a blockchain network can be built to store copyright works and copyright-related information (such as copyright owner information, copyright authorization information, copyright transfer information, etc.) of copyright works.
  • the user can submit the target work created by himself to any node in the blockchain network.
  • the node constructs a certificate deposit transaction and broadcasts it to other nodes.
  • Each node in the chain network will write the certificate deposit transaction to the blockchain based on the consensus mechanism, which is equivalent to distributed certificate deposit for the fact that "the target work is created by the user".
  • each blockchain network is independent of each other.
  • the same user may upload data to more than one blockchain network, which means that if the user wants to verify whether the data uploaded by him has been written to the blockchain, he has to separately submit to more than one area above.
  • the blockchain network sends a verification request.
  • the embodiments of this specification provide a data certification method and system based on multiple blockchain networks.
  • the technical solutions are as follows:
  • a data certification method based on multiple blockchain networks includes at least two first-type blockchain networks and one second-type blockchain network , The method includes:
  • each node in the first-class blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain, based on the consensus mechanism, it packages several first-class deposit-taking transactions into the first-class deposit-taking block and writes it into its own Blockchain
  • Any node in the first-type blockchain network calculates the transaction hash of each first-type depository transaction in the first-type depository block, and converts the transaction of each first-type depository transaction Hope to send to the target node in the second type of blockchain network;
  • the target node constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash for each received transaction hash
  • the target node broadcasts a second type of certificate deposit transaction corresponding to each transaction hash to the second type blockchain network;
  • a blockchain system including at least two first-type blockchain networks and one second-type blockchain network;
  • each blockchain network of the first type when any node in the blockchain network of the first type obtains the data of the certificate to be stored, a transaction of the first type of certificate containing the data of the certificate to be stored is constructed, And broadcast to the first type of blockchain network to construct the first type of certificate transaction; each node in the first type of blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain, based on the consensus mechanism, a number of The first type of certificate storage transaction is packaged into the first type of certificate storage block and written into its own blockchain; any node in the first type of blockchain network calculates each of the first type of certificate storage blocks The transaction hash of the first type of certificate deposit transaction, and send the transaction hash of each first type of certificate deposit transaction to the target node in the second type of blockchain network;
  • the target node in the second type of blockchain network constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash for each received transaction hash;
  • the second type of blockchain network broadcasts the second type of certificate storage transaction corresponding to each transaction hash; each node in the second type of blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain based on consensus
  • the mechanism is to package several second-type certificate deposit transactions into second-type certificate deposit blocks and write them into their own blockchain.
  • a blockchain subsystem including multiple nodes
  • the data storage system includes at least two first-class blockchain networks and the blockchain subsystem;
  • the target node in the blockchain subsystem constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash; broadcasts the corresponding hash of each transaction hash to the blockchain subsystem The second type of certificate transaction;
  • each transaction hash received by the target node in the blockchain subsystem is sent by any node in any first-type blockchain network, and each The transaction hash of a first-class depository transaction.
  • Each first-class depository transaction in the first-class depository block contains the data to be deposited, and the first-class depository block has been classified by the first-class area.
  • the blockchain network writes its own blockchain.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present specification maps the data stored in the blockchain of at least two first-type blockchain networks to the second-type blockchain network's blockchain.
  • the first-type blockchain network sends the constructed transaction hash of each first-type certificate deposit transaction to the second-type blockchain network.
  • the blockchain-like network builds a second type of certificate-keeping transaction based on the received transaction hash and writes it into its own blockchain. In this way, it is equivalent to further encapsulating the transaction hash of the first type of certificate storage transaction stored on the blockchain of each first type of blockchain network into the second type of certificate storage transaction, which is aggregated in the second type of blockchain network On the blockchain.
  • the user wants to verify whether any first-class deposit transaction has been written into the blockchain, he can query the second-type blockchain network according to the transaction hash of the first deposit transaction. If there is a second type of deposit transaction that contains the transaction hash of the first type of deposit transaction in the blockchain of the second type of blockchain network, it means that the first type of deposit transaction has been written into the blockchain .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first blockchain system based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of this specification;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data certification method based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of this specification
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second blockchain system based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of this specification;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third blockchain system based on multiple blockchain networks provided by embodiments of the present specification
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data reading method based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for configuring an apparatus of an embodiment of this specification.
  • the transaction described in this specification refers to a piece of data that a user creates through a client of the blockchain and needs to be finally released to the distributed database of the blockchain.
  • a transaction is a data structure stipulated in the blockchain protocol. To store a piece of data in the blockchain, it needs to be encapsulated into a transaction.
  • the narrow sense of the transaction refers to a value transfer issued by the user to the blockchain; for example, in the traditional Bitcoin blockchain network, the transaction can be a transfer initiated by the user in the blockchain.
  • the generalized transaction refers to a piece of business data with business intent published by the user to the blockchain; for example, the operator can build an alliance chain based on actual business needs, relying on the alliance chain to deploy some other types that have nothing to do with value transfer Online business (for example, rental business, vehicle scheduling business, insurance claims business, credit service, medical service, etc.), and in this type of alliance chain, the transaction can be a business with business intent issued by the user in the alliance chain Message or business request.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain system (or data certificate system) provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the data certification system is composed of at least two first-type blockchain networks (two first-type blockchain networks are shown in FIG. 1) and one second-type blockchain network.
  • the first type of blockchain network may specifically be an alliance chain network.
  • the second type of blockchain network may specifically be an alliance chain network or a private chain network.
  • each blockchain network of the first type when any node in the blockchain network of the first type obtains the data of the certificate to be stored, a transaction of the first type of certificate containing the data of the certificate to be stored is constructed And broadcast to the first type of blockchain network to construct the first type of certificate transaction; each node in the first type of blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain, based on the consensus mechanism, a number of The first type of certificate storage transaction is packaged into the first type of certificate storage block and written into its own blockchain; any node in the first type of blockchain network calculates each of the first type of certificate storage blocks The transaction hash of the first type of certificate deposit transaction, and send the transaction hash of each first type of certificate deposit transaction to the target node in the second type of blockchain network;
  • the target node in the second type of blockchain network constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash for each received transaction hash;
  • the second type of blockchain network broadcasts the second type of certificate storage transaction corresponding to each transaction hash; each node in the second type of blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain based on consensus
  • the mechanism is to package several second-type certificate deposit transactions into second-type certificate deposit blocks and write them into their own blockchain.
  • the first type of blockchain network refers to the blockchain network responsible for depositing the data of the certificate to be submitted submitted by the user
  • the first type of transaction for depositing certificate includes the certificate to be deposited The data structure of the data.
  • the second type of blockchain network is a blockchain network that is responsible for depositing the transaction hash of the first type of deposit transaction submitted by the first type of blockchain network.
  • the second type of deposit transaction includes the first type of deposit The data structure of the transaction hash of the certificate transaction.
  • the user may submit the data of the certificate to be stored to any first-type blockchain network.
  • the user submits the data to be certified to the first type of blockchain network A.
  • the user submits the data to be certified to any node in the first type of blockchain network A.
  • the node in the first type of blockchain network A that obtains the data to be deposited can construct the first type of deposit transaction that contains the data to be deposited, and then broadcast the first type of deposit transaction to the first type of blockchain network A Other nodes.
  • Each node in the first type of blockchain network A will generally store the obtained first type of deposit transaction in its own cache.
  • the first type of blockchain network A can accept more and more data to be certified, which means that each node in the first type of blockchain network A has accumulated more and more Many first-class deposit transactions.
  • each node in the first type of blockchain network A can salvage several first-type certificate deposit transactions from its own cache based on the consensus mechanism, and then The salvage of the first-class certificate deposit transaction is packaged into a first-type certificate deposit block and stored in its own blockchain.
  • the consensus trigger condition corresponding to the first type of blockchain network A may specifically be that after a specified period, or the number of the first type of certificate storage transactions accumulated in the cache of each node reaches the specified number.
  • any node in the first-type block chain network A calculates the currently generated first-type certificate block
  • the transaction hash of each first-class depository transaction, and the transaction hash of each first-type depository transaction in the currently generated first-type depository block is sent to the target in the second-type blockchain network node.
  • the target node may be any node in the second type blockchain network, or may be a node specified in the second type blockchain network in advance.
  • the target node may further treat the received transaction hash as the data to be written into the blockchain for each received transaction hash, and construct a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash.
  • the target node will also broadcast each constructed second-type certificate deposit transaction to other nodes in the second-type blockchain network.
  • each node in the second type of blockchain network can salvage a number of second-type certificate deposit transactions from its own cache based on the consensus mechanism, and then salvage Each second-type certificate deposit transaction is packaged into a second-type certificate deposit block and deposited into its own blockchain.
  • the data certification system shown in FIG. 1 and the data certification method based on the data certification system will be described in more detail below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data certification method based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of the present specification, including the following steps:
  • Steps S200 to S202 describe the process of depositing any certificate data submitted by the user in any first-type blockchain network.
  • the certificate-to-be-stored data is encapsulated into the first type of certificate-depositing transaction and then written into the blockchain of the first-type blockchain network.
  • any node in the first-type blockchain network calculates the transaction hash of each first-type deposit-taking transaction in the first-type deposit-taking block, and compares the The transaction hash is sent to the target node in the second type of blockchain network.
  • step S204 may be executed before the above-mentioned first-type certificate-keeping block is written into the blockchain, or after the above-mentioned first-type certificate-keeping block is written into the blockchain And execute step S204 again. It should also be noted that step S204 is generally performed before each node in the first type of blockchain network packages the next block.
  • each first-type blockchain network is a consortium chain network
  • the first-type consortium chain network cannot disclose the plaintext of the first-type certificate storage transactions it stores to the second-type area Nodes in the blockchain network.
  • any node in the first type of blockchain network needs to process each first type of certificate storage transaction in the currently generated first type of certificate storage block into a transaction hash, and then hash the transaction Send to the second type of blockchain network.
  • the hash of each transaction it receives is equivalent to the secret of each first type of certificate storage transaction in the first type of certificate storage block mentioned above.
  • the first-type blockchain network will return the transaction of the first-type deposit transaction containing the pending data to the user. hope.
  • the user can verify whether the uploaded certificate data has been written into the blockchain of the first type of blockchain network based on the held transaction hash.
  • any node in the first-type blockchain network may specifically Describe the order of each first-class depository transaction in the first-type depository block, and send the transaction hash of each first-type depository transaction to the second-type blockchain network from first to last Target node. In this way, it can be ensured that the target node can receive the transaction hash of each first-type deposit transaction in the order of each first-type deposit transaction in the first-type deposit block.
  • the target node For each received transaction hash, the target node constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction that includes the transaction hash.
  • the target node broadcasts a second type of certificate deposit transaction corresponding to each transaction hash to the second type blockchain network.
  • the target node may broadcast the second type of certificate deposit transaction corresponding to each transaction hash to the second type blockchain network according to the order of receiving the hash of each transaction.
  • the order of the hash of each transaction in the blockchain of the second type of blockchain network is different from The order of each first-class deposit transaction in the first-class deposit block is the same.
  • the data stored in at least two blockchains of the first type blockchain network is mapped into the blockchain of the second type blockchain network.
  • the first-type blockchain network sends the constructed transaction hash of each first-type certificate deposit transaction to the second-type blockchain network.
  • the blockchain-like network builds a second type of certificate-keeping transaction based on the received transaction hash and writes it into its own blockchain.
  • the data certification system may further include at least one third-type blockchain network, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • at least one node in the third-type blockchain network is managed by a designated manager; and at least one node in the second blockchain network is a Described by the designated management party.
  • the solid nodes in the second type of blockchain network and the solid nodes in the third type of blockchain network are the nodes managed by the designated manager.
  • the multiple nodes managed by the same designated manager it means that even if the multiple nodes are nodes in different blockchain networks, the multiple nodes can share the data stored by each other. . That is to say, in FIG. 3, since the nodes managed by the designated manager in the third type of blockchain network store the blockchain of the third type of blockchain network, therefore, in the second type of blockchain network The nodes managed by the designated management party can also freely access the blockchain of the third-type blockchain network to obtain the plaintext of any third-type certificate transaction.
  • each node in the second type of blockchain network is managed by the designated manager, that is, the graph In 3, each node in the second type of blockchain network is a solid node.
  • each third-type blockchain network when any node in the third-type blockchain network obtains the data to be stored, it can construct The third type of certificate storage transaction of the certificate storage data, and broadcast the constructed third type of certificate storage transaction to the third type of blockchain network.
  • each node in the third-type blockchain network needs to write data to the blockchain, based on the consensus mechanism, it packs a number of third-type certificate storage transactions into a third-type certificate storage block and writes it into its own Blockchain.
  • any node managed by the designated manager in the second type of blockchain network can obtain the third type of certificate storage block and calculate each of the third type of certificate storage block
  • the transaction hash of three types of certificate deposit transactions ; and, for each third type of certificate deposit transaction, construct a second type of certificate deposit transaction containing the transaction hash of the third type certificate deposit transaction, and submit to the second type
  • the blockchain network broadcasts each second-type depository transaction, so that the second-type depository transaction containing the transaction hash of the third-type depository transaction is written into the blockchain of the second-type blockchain network .
  • any node managed by the designated manager in the second type of blockchain network may be based on the order of the third type of certificate storage transactions in the third type of certificate storage block, from first to first Then, the second type of certificate deposit transaction corresponding to each third type of certificate deposit transaction is broadcast to the second type blockchain network in sequence. In this way, the order of the second type of deposit transaction corresponding to each third type of deposit transaction is written into the blockchain, and the order of the third type of deposit transaction in the third type of deposit block is Consistent.
  • a second type of certificate storage transaction corresponding to a third type of certificate storage transaction refers to a second type of certificate storage transaction that includes a transaction hash of the third type of certificate storage transaction.
  • the data certification system shown in FIG. 3 can be modified to obtain the data certification system shown in FIG. 4.
  • the data storage system includes at least one first-type blockchain network, one second-type blockchain network, and at least one third-type blockchain network.
  • FIG. 4 it is still possible to perform data storage based on the principle described above, which will not be repeated here.
  • any node in the second-type blockchain network when any node in the second-type blockchain network obtains the data to be deposited, it constructs a second type of transaction that contains the obtained data to be deposited and submits it to all Describe the second type of certificate deposit transaction constructed by the second type of blockchain network broadcast. That is to say, the second type of blockchain network can not only store the transaction hash of each first type of certificate transaction and the third type of certificate transaction, but also can store Deposit the data for certificate.
  • the first-type blockchain network when submitting to-be-provided certificate data to any first-type blockchain network, the first-type blockchain network writes the first-type deposit transaction containing the to-be-documented data Into its own blockchain, and send the transaction hash of the first type of deposit transaction containing the data to be deposited to the second type of blockchain network, so that the second type of blockchain The network writes the second type of certificate deposit transaction containing the transaction hash and the network identification of the first type blockchain network into its own blockchain.
  • the target node constructs a second type of storage containing the transaction hash and the network identification of the first type of blockchain network for each received transaction hash Card transaction.
  • the third-type blockchain network When submitting pending data to any third-type blockchain network, the third-type blockchain network writes the third-type deposit transaction containing the pending data into its own blockchain, and , Any node managed by the designated manager in the second-type blockchain network will contain the transaction hash of the third-type certificate deposit transaction and the network identifier of the third-type blockchain network.
  • the second-type certificate deposit transaction is broadcast to the second-type blockchain network so as to be written into the blockchain of the second-type blockchain network.
  • any node managed by the designated manager in the second type of blockchain network obtains the third type of certificate storage block and calculates the first The transaction hash of each third-type depository transaction in the third-type depository block, and, for each third-type depository transaction, construct a transaction hash containing the third-type depository transaction and the third-type depository transaction
  • the second type of certificate deposit transaction for the network identification of the blockchain network.
  • users holding the transaction hash of the first type of deposit transaction can read the first type of deposit transaction through the second type of blockchain network.
  • the user holds the transaction hash of the third type of certificate deposit transaction, and can also read the third type of certificate deposit transaction through the second type blockchain network.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data reading method based on multiple blockchain networks provided by an embodiment of the present specification, including the following steps:
  • S500 Any node in the second type of blockchain network receives the first type of transaction hash sent by the user.
  • the first type of transaction hash is a transaction hash of the first type of certificate deposit transaction to be read.
  • S502 In the blockchain of the second-type blockchain network, query a second-type certificate deposit transaction including the first-type transaction hash, and read from the inquired second-type certificate deposit transaction Network identification.
  • S504 Send the first-type transaction hash to the first-type blockchain network corresponding to the read network identifier.
  • any node in the first-type blockchain network corresponding to the read network identifier can return the first-type certificate deposit transaction corresponding to the first-type transaction hash to the second-type blockchain The internet.
  • S506 Return the acquired first type of certificate deposit transaction to the user.
  • any node managed by the designated manager in the second-type blockchain network can receive the third-type transaction hash sent by the user, where the The third type of transaction hash is the transaction hash of the third type of certificate deposit transaction to be read. Subsequently, you can query the second type of deposit transaction including the hash of the third type of transaction in the blockchain of the second type of blockchain network, and read from the query of the second type of deposit transaction Take the network identification; from the blockchain of the third-type blockchain network corresponding to the read network identification, read the third-type certificate deposit transaction corresponding to the third-type transaction hash and return it to the user.
  • the designated manager in the third type of blockchain network corresponding to the read network identifier manages Nodes can share each other’s data. Therefore, the nodes managed by the designated manager in the second type of blockchain network can actually obtain the corresponding hash of the third type of transaction without request.
  • the invention also provides a blockchain subsystem including multiple nodes
  • the data storage system includes at least two first-class blockchain networks and the blockchain subsystem;
  • the target node in the blockchain subsystem constructs a second type of certificate storage transaction containing the transaction hash; broadcasts the corresponding hash of each transaction hash to the blockchain subsystem The second type of certificate transaction;
  • each node in the blockchain subsystem needs to write data to the blockchain, based on the consensus mechanism, it packs several second-type certificate storage transactions into the second type certificate storage block and writes it into its own area Block chain
  • each transaction hash received by the target node in the blockchain subsystem is sent by any node in any first-type blockchain network, and each The transaction hash of a first-class depository transaction.
  • Each first-class depository transaction in the first-class depository block contains the data to be deposited, and the first-class depository block has been blocked by the first-category area.
  • the blockchain network writes its own blockchain.
  • the present invention also provides another blockchain subsystem, including multiple nodes;
  • the data storage system includes at least two first-class blockchain networks and the blockchain subsystem;
  • the first-type blockchain network when submitting to-be-deposited data to any first-type blockchain network, the first-type blockchain network writes the first-type certification transaction containing the to-be-deposited data into its own blockchain , And, send the transaction hash of the first type of certification transaction containing the pending certification data to the blockchain subsystem, so that the blockchain subsystem will include the transaction hash and the first The second type of certificate deposit transaction of the network identification of the blockchain-like network is written into its own blockchain;
  • Any node in the blockchain subsystem receives the first type of transaction hash sent by the user; the first type of transaction hash is the transaction hash of the first type of certificate storage transaction to be read; In the blockchain of the second type of blockchain network, query the second type of certificate storage transaction that contains the hash of the first type of transaction, and read the network ID from the second type of certificate storage transaction that was queried; The first-type transaction hash is sent to the first-type blockchain network corresponding to the read network identifier, so as to obtain the first-type blockchain network corresponding to the first-type transaction hash returned by the first-type blockchain network Certificate deposit transaction; return the acquired first type certificate deposit transaction to the user.
  • Embodiments of this specification also provide a computer device, which includes at least a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the program to implement the method shown in FIG. 2 Features.
  • the device may include: a processor 1410, a memory 1420, an input/output interface 1430, a communication interface 1440, and a bus 1450.
  • the processor 1410, the memory 1420, the input/output interface 1430, and the communication interface 1440 realize the communication connection between the devices within the device through the bus 1450.
  • the processor 1410 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc. Programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification.
  • the memory 1420 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), static storage devices, and dynamic storage devices.
  • the memory 1420 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification are implemented by software or firmware, related program codes are saved in the memory 1420 and called and executed by the processor 1410.
  • the input/output interface 1430 is used to connect input/output modules to realize information input and output.
  • the input/output/module can be configured as a component in the device (not shown in the figure), or can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, various sensors, etc.
  • the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, and the like.
  • the communication interface 1440 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the device and other devices.
  • the communication module can realize communication through a wired method (such as USB, network cable, etc.), and can also realize communication through a wireless method (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).
  • the bus 1450 includes a path for transferring information between various components of the device (eg, processor 1410, memory 1420, input/output interface 1430, and communication interface 1440).
  • the device may also include the necessary Other components.
  • the above-mentioned device may also include only the components necessary to implement the solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, rather than including all the components shown in the figures.
  • Embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the functions of the method shown in FIG. 2.
  • Computer-readable media including permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can store information by any method or technology.
  • the information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media can be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices.
  • computer-readable media does not include temporary computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • the system, method, module or unit explained in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product with a certain function.
  • a typical implementation device is a computer, and the specific form of the computer may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email sending and receiving device, and a game control Desk, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

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Abstract

一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统。将至少两个第一类区块链网络的区块链所存证的数据映射到第二类区块链网络的区块链中。具体地，针对任一第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络将构建的每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给第二类区块链网络，由第二类区块链网络基于接收到的交易哈希构建第二类存证交易并写入自身的区块链。如此，相当于将各第一类区块链网络的区块链上所存储的第一类存证交易的交易哈希进一步封装为第二类存证交易，汇总于第二类区块链网络的区块链上。

Description

一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统 技术领域
本说明书实施例涉及信息技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统。
背景技术
随着区块链技术的发展，基于区块链网络进行数据存证的模式逐渐兴起。
例如，在版权保护领域，可以搭建一个用于对版权作品以及版权作品的版权相关信息(如版权人信息、版权授权信息、版权转让信息等)进行存证的区块链网络。用户可以将自己创作的目标作品提交给该区块链网络中的任一节点，由该节点基于所述用户的用户信息与所述目标作品，构建存证交易并广播至其他节点，该区块链网络中的各节点会基于共识机制，将该存证交易写入区块链，相当于对“所述目标作品是由所述用户创作的”这一事实进行分布式存证。
实际上，市面上存在较多提供数据存证服务的区块链网络，各区块链网络之间相互独立。而同一用户可能向不止一个区块链网络中都上传了数据，这意味着，该用户若想要验证其上传的数据是否已被写入区块链，就不得不分别向上述的不止一个区块链网络发送验证请求。
基于以上，需要一种对用户而言更为便利的数据存证方法。
发明内容
为了解决现有的数据存证方式对用户而言不够便利的问题，本说明书实施例提供一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法及系统，技术方案如下：
根据本说明书实施例的第1方面，提供一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法，数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与一个第二类区块链网络，所述方法包括：
针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易；
该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制， 将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；
所述目标节点向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；
所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
根据本说明书实施例的第2方面，提供一种区块链系统，包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与一个第二类区块链网络；
针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易；该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
针对所述第二类区块链网络，所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
根据本说明书实施例的第3方面，提供一种区块链子系统，包括多个节点；
数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与所述区块链子系统；
所述区块链子系统中的目标节点，针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述区块链子系统广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；
所述区块链子系统中的各节点，当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制， 将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
其中，所述区块链子系统中的目标节点接收到的每个交易哈希，是任一第一类区块链网络中的任一节点发送的、第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易包含待存证数据，所述第一类存证区块已被该第一类区块链网络写入自身的区块链。
本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案，将至少两个第一类区块链网络的区块链所存证的数据映射到第二类区块链网络的区块链中。具体地，针对任一第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络将构建的每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给第二类区块链网络，由第二类区块链网络基于接收到的交易哈希构建第二类存证交易并写入自身的区块链。如此，相当于将各第一类区块链网络的区块链上所存储的第一类存证交易的交易哈希进一步封装为第二类存证交易，汇总于第二类区块链网络的区块链上。用户如果想要验证任何一笔第一类存证交易是否已经被写入区块链，则可以根据该第一类存证交易的交易哈希，向第二类区块链网络进行查询。如果第二类区块链网络的区块链中存在包含该第一类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易，则说明该第一类存证交易已经被写入区块链。
通过本说明书实施例，倘若同一用户向不止一个区块链网络中都上传了数据，那么，该用户随后若想要验证其上传的数据是否已被写入区块链，则无需分别向上述的不止一个区块链网络发送验证请求，而是仅向第二类区块链网络发送验证请求即可，这对用户而言更为便利。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本说明书实施例。
此外，本说明书实施例中的任一实施例并不需要达到上述的全部效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的第一种基于多个区块链网络的区块链系统的结构示 意图；
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法的流程示意图；
图3是本说明书实施例提供的第二种基于多个区块链网络的区块链系统的结构示意图；
图4是本说明书实施例提供的第三种基于多个区块链网络的区块链系统的结构示意图；
图5是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于多个区块链网络的数据读取方法的流程示意图；
图6是用于配置本说明书实施例装置的一种计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在本说明书中所描述的交易(transaction)，是指用户通过区块链的客户端创建，并需要最终发布至区块链的分布式数据库中的一笔数据。交易是区块链协议中所约定的一种数据结构，一笔数据要存入区块链，就需要被封装成交易。
区块链中的交易，存在狭义的交易以及广义的交易之分。狭义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔价值转移；例如，在传统的比特币区块链网络中，交易可以是用户在区块链中发起的一笔转账。而广义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务数据；例如，运营方可以基于实际的业务需求搭建一个联盟链，依托于联盟链部署一些与价值转移无关的其它类型的在线业务(比如，租房业务、车辆调度业务、保险理赔业务、信用服务、医疗服务等)，而在这类联盟链中，交易可以是用户在联盟链中发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务消息或者业务请求。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本说明书实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图，对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本说明书各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种区块链系统(或称数据存证系统)的结构示意 图。如图1所示，数据存证系统由至少两个第一类区块链网络(图1中示出了两个第一类区块链网络)与一个第二类区块链网络组成。其中，第一类区块链网络具体可以是联盟链网络。第二类区块链网络具体可以是联盟链网络或私有链网络。
针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易；该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
针对所述第二类区块链网络，所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
需要说明的是，在本说明书实施例中，第一类区块链网络是指负责对用户提交的待存证数据进行存证的区块链网络，第一类存证交易是包含待存证数据的数据结构。第二类区块链网络是负责对第一类区块链网络提交的第一类存证交易的交易哈希进行存证的区块链网络，第二类存证交易是包含第一类存证交易的交易哈希的数据结构。
在本说明书实施例中，用户可以向任一第一类区块链网络提交待存证数据。假设用户向第一类区块链网络A提交了待存证数据，实际上是用户向第一类区块链网络A中的任一节点提交了待存证数据。第一类区块链网络A中获得待存证数据的节点可以构建包含待存证数据的第一类存证交易，然后将第一类存证交易广播给第一类区块链网络A中的其他节点。第一类区块链网络A中的每个节点一般会将获得的第一类存证交易先存入自身缓存。随着时间推移，第一类区块链网络A可以受理越来越多的待存证数据，这意味着，第一类区块链网络A中的每个节点的缓存中累积了越来越多的第一类存证交易。
每当第一类区块链网络A对应的共识触发条件满足时，第一类区块链网络A中的各节点可以基于共识机制，从自身的缓存中打捞若干第一类存证交易，然后将打捞的各第一类存证交易打包成一个第一类存证区块并存入自身的区块链。其中，第一类区块链 网络A对应的共识触发条件，具体可以是经过指定周期，或者各节点的缓存中积累的第一类存证交易的数量达到指定数量。
另外，第一类区块链网络每产生一个第一类存证区块，都会触发如下操作：第一类区块链网络A中的任一节点计算当前产生的第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将当前产生的第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给第二类区块链网络中的目标节点。其中，所述目标节点可以是第二类区块链网络中的任一节点，也可以是预先指定的、第二类区块链网络中的某个节点。
于是，所述目标节点可以进一步针对接收到的每个交易哈希，将该交易哈希视为待写入区块链的数据，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易。所述目标节点还会将构建的每个第二类存证交易广播给所述第二类区块链网络中的其他节点。
每当第二类区块链网络对应的共识触发条件满足时，第二类区块链网络中的各节点可以基于共识机制，从自身的缓存中打捞若干第二类存证交易，然后将打捞的各第二类存证交易打包成一个第二类存证区块并存入自身的区块链。
下文对图1所示的数据存证系统以及基于所述数据存证系统的数据存证方法进行更为详细的说明。
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法，的流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
S200：针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易。
S202：该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
步骤S200～步骤S202描述了任一第一类区块链网络对用户提交的一个待存证数据的存证过程。经过步骤S200～S202，待存证数据被封装成第一类存证交易后写入该第一类区块链网络的区块链。
S204：该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点。
需要说明的是，可以在将上述的第一类存证区块写入区块链中之前，先执行步骤S204，也可以在将上述的第一类存证区块写入区块链中之后，再执行步骤S204。还需要说明的是，一般会在该第一类区块链网络中各节点打包下一个区块之前，执行完毕步骤S204。
当每个第一类区块链网络为联盟链网络时，出于数据安全保护的需要，第一类联盟链网络不能将其所存储的第一类存证交易的明文透露给第二类区块链网络中的节点。基于此，第一类区块链网络中的任一节点需要将当前产生的第一类存证区块中的每个第一类存证交易都处理成交易哈希后，再将交易哈希发送给第二类区块链网络。对于第二类区块链网络而言，其接收到的各交易哈希相当于是上述的第一类存证区块中的各第一类存证交易的匿文。
在实际应用中，用户向某个第一类区块链网络提交了待存证数据后，第一类区块链网络会向用户返回包含有待存证数据的第一类存证交易的交易哈希。用户可以根据持有的交易哈希，验证自己上传的待存证数据是否被写入该第一类区块链网络的区块链。
在本说明书实施例中，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点在计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希之后，具体可以根据所述第一类存证区块中各第一类存证交易的先后顺序，由先到后依次将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点。如此，可以保证所述目标节点可以按照第一类存证区块中各第一类存证交易的先后顺序，由先到后依次接收到每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希。
S206：所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易。
S208：所述目标节点向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易。
S210：所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
在步骤S208中，目标节点可以根据接收到各交易哈希的先后顺序，由先到后依次向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易。如此，在将各交易哈希写入所述第二类区块链网络的区块链之后，各交易哈希在所述第二类区块链网络的区块链中的先后顺序，与所述第一类存证区块中的各第一类存证交易的先后顺序是一致 的。
综上，在本说明书实施例中，将至少两个第一类区块链网络的区块链所存证的数据映射到第二类区块链网络的区块链中。具体地，针对任一第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络将构建的每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给第二类区块链网络，由第二类区块链网络基于接收到的交易哈希构建第二类存证交易并写入自身的区块链。
如此，相当于将各第一类区块链网络的区块链上所存储的第一类存证交易的交易哈希进一步封装为第二类存证交易，汇总于第二类区块链网络的区块链上。用户如果想要验证任何一笔第一类存证交易是否已经被写入区块链，则可以根据该第一类存证交易的交易哈希，向第二类区块链网络进行查询。如果第二类区块链网络的区块链中存在包含该第一类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易，则说明该第一类存证交易已经被写入区块链。
通过本说明书实施例，倘若同一用户向不止一个区块链网络中都上传了数据，那么，该用户随后若想要验证其上传的数据是否已被写入区块链，则无需分别向上述的不止一个区块链网络发送验证请求，而是仅向第二类区块链网络发送验证请求即可，这对用户而言更为便利。
此外，在本说明书实施例中，数据存证系统还可以包括至少一个第三类区块链网络，如图3所示。其中，针对每个第三类区块链网络，该第三类区块链网络中的至少一个节点为指定管理方所管理；并且，所述第二区块链网络中的至少一个节点为所述指定管理方所管理。在图3中，第二类区块链网络中的实心节点与第三类区块链网络中的实心节点皆为所述指定管理方所管理的节点。
需要说明的是，倘若存在多个节点由同一指定管理方所管理，那么意味着，即使这多个节点分别为不同的区块链网络中的节点，这多个节点也可以共享彼此存储的数据。也就是说，在图3中，由于第三类区块链网络中由指定管理方所管理的节点存储有第三类区块链网络的区块链，因此，第二类区块链网络中由指定管理方所管理的节点也可以自由访问第三类区块链网络的区块链，获取任一第三类存证交易的明文。
还需要说明的是，如果所述第二类区块链网络是私有链网络，那么意味着所述第二类区块链网络中的每个节点皆为所述指定管理方所管理，即图3中，第二类区块链网络中每个节点都是实心节点。
基于此，在本说明书实施例中，针对每个第三类区块链网络，该第三类区块链网 络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，可以构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第三类存证交易，并向该第三类区块链网络广播构建的第三类存证交易。该第三类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第三类存证交易打包成第三类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
随后，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点可以获取所述第三类存证区块，并计算所述第三类存证区块中每个第三类存证交易的交易哈希；以及，针对每个第三类存证交易，构建包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易，并向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个第二类存证交易，使得包含第三类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易被写入所述第二类区块链网络的区块链中。
进一步地，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点可以根据所述第三类存证区块中各第三类存证交易的先后顺序，由先到后依次向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个第三类存证交易对应的第二类存证交易。如此，各第三类存证交易分别对应的第二类存证交易被写入区块链的先后顺序，与所述第三类存证区块中各第三类存证交易的先后顺序是一致的。
其中，某个第三类存证交易对应的第二类存证交易，是指包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易。
另外，可以对图3所示的数据存证系统进行修改，得到如图4所示的数据存证系统。在图4中，数据存证系统包括至少一个第一类区块链网络、一个第二类区块链网络以及至少一个第三类区块链网络。在图4中，依然可以基于前文所述的原理，进行数据存证，不再赘述。
在本说明书实施例中，所述第二类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第二类存证交易，并向所述第二类区块链网络广播构建的第二类存证交易。也即，所述第二类区块链网络除了可以对各第一类存证交易的交易哈希与第三类存证交易的交易哈希进行存证之外，还可以对用户提交的待存证数据进行存证。
此外，在现有技术中，用户向不止一个区块链网络提交了不同的待存证数据，并且不同的待存证数据被写入区块链中之后，用户如果想要从区块链中读取之前提交的待存证数据，则不得不分别针对上述的不止一个区块链网络所维护的不同区块链进行数据读取。
而在本说明书实施例中，当向任一第一类区块链网络提交待存证数据时，该第一类区块链网络将包含所述待存证数据的第一类存证交易写入自身的区块链，以及，将包含所述待存证数据的第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络，以使所述第二类区块链网络将包含所述交易哈希与该第一类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易写入自身的区块链。
也就是说，在图2中的步骤S206中，所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希与该第一类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易。
当向任一第三类区块链网络提交待存证数据时，该第三类区块链网络将包含所述待存证数据的第三类存证交易写入自身的区块链，以及，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点将包含所述第三类存证交易的交易哈希与该第三类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易广播给所述第二类区块链网络，以便写入所述第二类区块链网络的区块链。
也就是说，在图3所示的架构中，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点获取所述第三类存证区块，并计算所述第三类存证区块中每个第三类存证交易的交易哈希，以及，针对每个第三类存证交易，构建包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希与该第三类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易。
如此，用户持有第一类存证交易的交易哈希，就可以通过第二类区块链网络读取第一类存证交易。用户持有第三类存证交易的交易哈希，也可以通过所述第二类区块链网络读取第三类存证交易。
图5是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于多个区块链网络的数据读取方法的流程示意图，包括如下步骤：
S500：第二类区块链网络中的任一节点接收用户发送的第一类交易哈希。
在本说明书实施例中，所述第一类交易哈希是待读取的第一类存证交易的交易哈希。
S502：在所述第二类区块链网络的区块链中，查询包含所述第一类交易哈希的第二类存证交易，并从查询到的第二类存证交易中读取网络标识。
S504：将所述第一类交易哈希发送给读取的网络标识对应的第一类区块链网络。
如此，读取的网络标识对应的第一类区块链网络中的任一节点可以将对应于所述 第一类交易哈希的第一类存证交易返回给所述第二类区块链网络。
S506：将获取的第一类存证交易返回给所述用户。
此外，图5所示的方法中，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点可以接收所述用户发送的第三类交易哈希，其中，所述第三类交易哈希是待读取的第三类存证交易的交易哈希。随后，可以在所述第二类区块链网络的区块链中，查询包含所述第三类交易哈希的第二类存证交易，并从查询到的第二类存证交易中读取网络标识；从读取的网络标识对应的第三类区块链网络的区块链中，读取所述第三类交易哈希对应的第三类存证交易并返回给所述用户。
需要说明的是，由于所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的节点，与读取的网络标识对应的第三类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的节点之间，可以共享彼此的数据，因此，所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的节点实际上可以不经请求而直接获取所述第三类交易哈希对应的第三类存证交易。
本发明还提供了一种区块链子系统，包括多个节点；
数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与所述区块链子系统；
所述区块链子系统中的目标节点，针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述区块链子系统广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；
所述区块链子系统中的各节点，当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
其中，所述区块链子系统中的目标节点接收到的每个交易哈希，是任一第一类区块链网络中的任一节点发送的、第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易包含待存证数据，所述第一类存证区块已被该第一类区块链网络写入自身的区块链。
另外，本发明还提供了另一种区块链子系统，包括多个节点；
数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与所述区块链子系统；
其中，当向任一第一类区块链网络提交待存证数据时，该第一类区块链网络将包含所述待存证数据的第一类存证交易写入自身的区块链，以及，将包含所述待存证数据的第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述区块链子系统，以使所述区块链子系统将包含所述交易哈希与该第一类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易写入自身的区块链；
所述区块链子系统中的任一节点，接收用户发送的第一类交易哈希；所述第一类交易哈希是待读取的第一类存证交易的交易哈希；在所述第二类区块链网络的区块链中，查询包含所述第一类交易哈希的第二类存证交易，并从查询到的第二类存证交易中读取网络标识；将所述第一类交易哈希发送给读取的网络标识对应的第一类区块链网络，以便获取该第一类区块链网络返回的对应于所述第一类交易哈希的第一类存证交易；将获取的第一类存证交易返回给所述用户。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机设备，其至少包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，处理器执行所述程序时实现图2所示方法的功能。
图6示出了本说明书实施例所提供的一种更为具体的计算设备硬件结构示意图，该设备可以包括：处理器1410、存储器1420、输入/输出接口1430、通信接口1440和总线1450。其中处理器1410、存储器1420、输入/输出接口1430和通信接口1440通过总线1450实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。
处理器1410可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现，用于执行相关程序，以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。
存储器1420可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备，动态存储设备等形式实现。存储器1420可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序，在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时，相关的程序代码保存在存储器1420中，并由处理器1410来调用执行。
输入/输出接口1430用于连接输入/输出模块，以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出)，也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等，输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。
通信接口1440用于连接通信模块(图中未示出)，以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信，也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。
总线1450包括一通路，在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1410、存储器1420、输入/输出接口1430和通信接口1440)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是，尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1410、存储器1420、输入/输出接口1430、通信接口1440以及总线1450，但是在具体实施过程中，该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外，本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件，而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现图2所示方法的功能。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
通过以上的实施方式的描述可知，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本说明书实施例可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解，本说明书实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本说明书实施例各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
上述实施例阐明的系统、方法、模块或单元，具体可以由计算机芯片或实体实现，或者由具有某种功能的产品来实现。一种典型的实现设备为计算机，计算机的具体形式可以是个人计算机、膝上型计算机、蜂窝电话、相机电话、智能电话、个人数字助理、媒体播放器、导航设备、电子邮件收发设备、游戏控制台、平板计算机、可穿戴设备或者这些设备中的任意几种设备的组合。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部 分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于方法和设备实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的方法实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，在实施本说明书实施例方案时可以把各模块的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。也可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
以上所述仅是本说明书实施例的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本说明书实施例原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本说明书实施例的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种基于多个区块链网络的数据存证方法，数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与一个第二类区块链网络，所述方法包括：
    针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易；
    该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
    该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
    所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；
    所述目标节点向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；
    所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点，具体包括：
    根据所述第一类存证区块中各第一类存证交易的先后顺序，由先到后依次将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
    所述目标节点向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易，具体包括：
    所述目标节点根据接收到各交易哈希的先后顺序，由先到后依次向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，数据存证系统还包括至少一个第三类区块链网络；
    针对每个第三类区块链网络，该第三类区块链网络中的至少一个节点为指定管理方所管理；并且，所述第二区块链网络中的至少一个节点为所述指定管理方所管理；
    所述方法还包括：
    针对每个第三类区块链网络，该第三类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第三类存证交易，并向该第三类区块链网络广播构建的第三类存证交易；
    该第三类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制， 将若干第三类存证交易打包成第三类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
    所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点获取所述第三类存证区块，并计算所述第三类存证区块中每个第三类存证交易的交易哈希；以及，针对每个第三类存证交易，构建包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易，并向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个第二类存证交易。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，所述第二类区块链网络中指定管理方所管理的任一节点向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个第二类存证交易，具体包括：
    所述第二类区块链网络中所述指定管理方所管理的任一节点根据所述第三类存证区块中各第三类存证交易的先后顺序，由先到后依次向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个第三类存证交易对应的第二类存证交易。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第二类存证交易，并向所述第二类区块链网络广播构建的第二类存证交易。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易，具体包括：
    所述目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希与该第一类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的方法，针对每个第三类存证交易，构建包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希的第二类存证交易，具体包括：
    针对每个第三类存证交易，构建包含该第三类存证交易的交易哈希与该第三类区块链网络的网络标识的第二类存证交易。
  8. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的方法，所述第二区块链网络中的每个节点皆为指定管理方所管理。
  9. 一种区块链系统，包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与一个第二类区块链网络；
    针对每个第一类区块链网络，该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点当获取到待存证数据时，构建包含获取到的待存证数据的第一类存证交易，并向该第一类区块链网络广播构建的第一类存证交易；该第一类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第一类存证交易打包成第一类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；该第一类区块链网络中的任一节点计算所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，并将每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希发送给所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点；
    针对所述第二类区块链网络，所述第二类区块链网络中的目标节点针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述第二类区块链网络广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；所述第二类区块链网络中的各节点当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链。
  10. 一种区块链子系统，包括多个节点；
    数据存证系统包括至少两个第一类区块链网络与所述区块链子系统；
    所述区块链子系统中的目标节点，针对接收到的每个交易哈希，构建包含该交易哈希的第二类存证交易；向所述区块链子系统广播每个交易哈希对应的第二类存证交易；
    所述区块链子系统中的各节点，当需要对区块链进行数据写入时，基于共识机制，将若干第二类存证交易打包成第二类存证区块并写入自身的区块链；
    其中，所述区块链子系统中的目标节点接收到的每个交易哈希，是任一第一类区块链网络中的任一节点发送的、第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易的交易哈希，所述第一类存证区块中每个第一类存证交易包含待存证数据，所述第一类存证区块已被该第一类区块链网络写入自身的区块链。
  11. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法。
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