WO2020100198A1 - Circuit de suppression de tension de sortie et système de production d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Circuit de suppression de tension de sortie et système de production d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020100198A1
WO2020100198A1 PCT/JP2018/041857 JP2018041857W WO2020100198A1 WO 2020100198 A1 WO2020100198 A1 WO 2020100198A1 JP 2018041857 W JP2018041857 W JP 2018041857W WO 2020100198 A1 WO2020100198 A1 WO 2020100198A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
solar cell
power generation
output terminal
positive electrode
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PCT/JP2018/041857
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
圭 内海
山本　将人
佳正 渡邊
理司 梅崎
智志 松本
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2018/041857 priority Critical patent/WO2020100198A1/fr
Publication of WO2020100198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020100198A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an output voltage suppression circuit and a solar power generation system that suppress the output voltage of a solar power generation system having a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series.
  • Such a solar power generation system has a string configuration in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected in series, and the output voltage may reach 1500 V at the maximum.
  • a solar power generation system can be shut off in a junction box that collects the power generated by multiple solar cell strings, but the solar cell module continues to generate power as long as there is solar radiation.
  • a high voltage is applied to the cable. Therefore, a technique for suppressing the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system during maintenance or fire extinguishing activity has been proposed.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a technique of suppressing the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system by short-circuiting the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of each solar cell module with a thyristor.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to obtain an output voltage suppression circuit that can suppress the output voltage of the solar power generation system without depending on the power generation state in the solar power generation system. To do.
  • the output voltage suppressing circuit of the present invention is a photovoltaic power generation having a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series between a positive electrode side output terminal and a negative electrode side output terminal. Suppress system output voltage.
  • the output voltage suppression circuit includes a plurality of thyristors, a plurality of switches, and a plurality of switch closing control units. The plurality of thyristors are provided between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the corresponding solar cell module among the plurality of solar cell modules.
  • the plurality of switches are respectively provided between the gate of the corresponding thyristor among the plurality of thyristors and the positive electrode terminal of the corresponding solar cell module among the plurality of solar cell modules.
  • the plurality of switch closing control units respectively switch the corresponding switches of the plurality of switches from the open state to the closed state.
  • the output voltage of the solar power generation system can be suppressed without depending on the power generation status of the solar power generation system.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a short-circuit operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a short-circuit state of the solar cell module by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a release operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the output voltage suppression circuit and the fluctuation of the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system due to the solar radiation fluctuation according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a short circuit operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a release operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a solar power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment includes a solar cell string 10, a DC switch 20, and an output voltage suppression circuit 30.
  • the positive output terminal 4 and the negative output terminal 5 of the solar power generation system 1 are connected to the power conditioner 100, and the output voltage Vo of the solar power generation system 1 is applied to the power conditioner 100.
  • the solar cell string 10 has a plurality of solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n connected in series. n is an integer of 2 or more.
  • the solar cell string 10 has a single string configuration, and the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15 of the solar cell string 10 pass through the positive electrode side output electric path 6 and the negative electrode side output electric path 7 through the sunlight. It is connected to the positive output terminal 4 and the negative output terminal 5 of the power generation system 1.
  • the plurality of solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n have the same configuration.
  • a solar cell module 11 When each of the plurality of solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n is shown without being individually distinguished, it may be referred to as a solar cell module 11.
  • the positive electrode terminal 12 1 to 12 n of the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n When each of the positive electrode terminals 12 1 to 12 n of the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n is shown without being individually distinguished, it may be referred to as the positive electrode terminal 12.
  • each of the negative electrode terminals 13 1 to 13 n of the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n When each of the negative electrode terminals 13 1 to 13 n of the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n is shown without being individually distinguished, it may be referred to as the negative electrode terminal 13.
  • Each solar cell module 11 generates a voltage according to the amount of power generation between the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13.
  • the DC switch 20 includes an opening / closing switch 21 provided in the middle of the positive electrode side output circuit 6 and an opening / closing switch 22 provided in the middle of the negative side output circuit 7.
  • an opening / closing switch 21 provided in the middle of the positive electrode side output circuit 6
  • an opening / closing switch 22 provided in the middle of the negative side output circuit 7.
  • the output voltage suppression circuit 30 is a short-circuit operation for shifting from a state in which the output voltage Vo of the photovoltaic power generation system 1 is not suppressed to a state in which it is suppressed, and a state in which the output voltage Vo of the photovoltaic power generation system 1 is not suppressed from a state of being suppressed. It is possible to execute the release operation for shifting to.
  • the output voltage suppression circuit 30 includes a plurality of short-circuits 31 1 to 31 n and a control circuit 32. Based on the control by the control circuit 32, each of the short-circuit circuits 31 1 to 31 n puts the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n into a short-circuited state or turns off the corresponding solar cell module 11. It can be short-circuited.
  • short circuits 31 1, based on control by the control circuit 32, or a solar cell module 11 1 is short-circuited, or the solar cell module 11 1 to the non-short-circuit state.
  • short circuit 31 2, based on control by the control circuit 32, or a solar cell module 11 2 is short-circuited, or the solar cell module 11 2 to the non-short-circuit state.
  • the short circuit 31 n puts the solar cell module 11 n into a short-circuited state or puts the solar cell module 11 n into a non-short-circuited state under the control of the control circuit 32.
  • a plurality of short circuits 31 1 ⁇ 31 n are the same as each other configurations, in the following, the configuration of the short circuit 31 one of the plurality of short circuits 31 1 ⁇ 31 n.
  • the configuration of the short circuit 31 one of the plurality of short circuits 31 1 ⁇ 31 n When each of the plurality of short-circuits 31 1 to 31 n is shown without being individually distinguished, it may be referred to as a short-circuit 31.
  • Comprising short circuit 31 1 includes a thyristor 41, a switch 42, a switch closing control section 43, a switch opening control unit 44, a Zener diode 45, and a blocking diode 46-49.
  • the switch 42 is, for example, a relay switch such as a latch relay, but may be any switch that can electrically switch between an open state and a closed state, and may be, for example, a semiconductor relay.
  • Thyristor 41 is provided between the negative terminal 13 1 of the solar cell module 11 positive terminal 12 1 of 1 and the solar cell module 11 1. Specifically, the anode of the thyristor 41 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 via the backflow prevention diode 46, and the cathode of the thyristor 41 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 13 1 .
  • the switch 42 and the backflow preventing diode 49 is provided between the positive terminal 12 1 and the gate of the thyristor 41 of the solar cell module 11 1.
  • the series connection portion of the switch 42 and the backflow prevention diode 49 has one end connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 of the solar cell module 11 1 and the other end connected to the gate of the thyristor 41.
  • the arrangement of the switch 42 and the backflow prevention diode 49 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1, and the switch 42 may be arranged to be connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 of the solar cell module 11 1 .
  • Closed switch control unit 43 is provided between the gate of the negative terminal 13 1 and the thyristor 41 of the solar cell module 11 1. Specifically, one end of the switch closing control unit 43 is connected to the negative terminal 13 1, the other end of the switch closing control unit 43 is connected to the gate of the thyristor 41. The switch closing control unit 43 closes the switch 42 when a current flows through the switch closing control unit 43.
  • the switch opening control unit 44 and the backflow prevention diode 47 are provided between the anode and the cathode of the backflow prevention diode 46.
  • the series connection portion of the switch open control unit 44 and the backflow prevention diode 47 has one end connected to the anode of the backflow prevention diode 46 and the other end connected to the cathode of the backflow prevention diode 46.
  • the arrangement of the switch opening controller 44 and the backflow prevention diode 47 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1, and the switch opening controller 44 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 of the solar cell module 11 1. Good.
  • the Zener diode 45 and the backflow preventing diode 48 is provided between the gate of the solar cell module 11 1 of the positive electrode terminal 12 1 and the thyristor 41.
  • the serial connection portion of the Zener diode 45 and the backflow prevention diode 48 has one end connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 of the solar cell module 11 1 and the other end connected to the gate of the thyristor 41.
  • the arrangement of the Zener diode 45 and the backflow prevention diode 48 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1 and the Zener diode 45 may be connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 1 of the solar cell module 11 1 .
  • the control circuit 32 connects between the positive-side output terminal 14 and the negative-side output terminal 15 and the pulse generation circuit 51 that generates a high-voltage pulse voltage Vp between the positive-side output terminal 14 and the negative-side output terminal 15. And a release switch 52 for short-circuiting.
  • the pulse generation circuit 51 generates a voltage pulse capable of igniting each of the thyristors 41 of the short circuit 31 1 to 31 n between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a short circuit operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a short circuit state of the solar cell module by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a normal operating state of the solar power generation system 1.
  • the open / close switches 21 and 22 of the DC switch 20 are in a closed state, and the switch 42 of each short circuit 31 is in an open state,
  • the release switch 52 is in the open state.
  • the pulse generation circuit 51 generates the pulse voltage Vp from such a normal operating state, the pulse current Id flows through the Zener diode 45 as shown in FIG.
  • the pulse voltage Vp is set to a voltage value that allows the thyristor 41 to be ignited via the Zener diode 45 in each short circuit 31 n and allows a current to flow to the switch closing control unit 43. Therefore, the voltage across each Zener diode 45 becomes the same voltage as the Zener voltage due to the pulse voltage Vp, and the Zener diode 45 becomes conductive. Then, a current flows to the gate of the thyristor 41 and the switch closing control unit 43. As a result, the thyristor 41 is ignited, and the switch closing control unit 43 changes the switch 42 from the open state to the closed state.
  • the thyristor 41 is ignited by the pulse voltage Vp, the current output from the positive electrode terminal 12 of each solar cell module 11 is the short-circuit current is via the backflow prevention diode 46 and the thyristor 41 and the negative electrode terminal 13. Flows to. Therefore, the solar cell module 11 is short-circuited, and the output voltage Vo of the photovoltaic power generation system 1 is suppressed.
  • the solar cell module 11 After the solar cell module 11 is short-circuited by the short-circuit circuit 31, the solar cell module 11 is shielded from light at night or by a shadow or the like, and the amount of power generation decreases, and when the short-circuit current is becomes less than the holding current of the thyristor 41, 41 is extinguished and the conductive state of the thyristor 41 is released. In such a state, the switch 42 remains closed.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a release operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • the return operation is the first operation of switching the release switch 52 from the open state to the closed state and the switching operation of the open / close switches 21 and 22 of the DC switch 20 from the open state to the closed state after switching the release switch 52 from the closed state to the open state. And a second operation of switching.
  • the release switch 52 is switched from the open state to the closed state by the first operation, the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 of the solar cell string 10 are short-circuited.
  • each solar cell module 11 When the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 are short-circuited, the current output through each solar cell module 11 circulates as the short-circuit current is, and the short-circuit current is disappears. Therefore, each thyristor 41 is extinguished and the conductive state of each thyristor 41 is released. At the same time, the current flowing between the backflow prevention diode 46 and the anode of the thyristor 41 is circulated as the short-circuit current Is via the switch opening control unit 44 and the backflow prevention diode 47. Therefore, a current flows through the switch opening control unit 44, and the switch opening control unit 44 switches the switch 42 from the closed state to the open state.
  • the administrator of the solar power generation system 1 performs the second operation after the switch 42 is switched from the closed state to the open state. After the release switch 52 is switched from the closed state to the open state by the second operation, the open / close switches 21 and 22 are switched from the open state to the closed state. As a result, the solar power generation system 1 returns to the normal operating state, and the power generation output of each solar cell module 11 is supplied to the power conditioner 100.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another example of the configuration of the short circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • the coil 50 is connected in series to the backflow prevention diode 46 between the anode of the thyristor 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12. By the coil 50, it is possible to increase the current flowing through the switch opening control unit 44 when the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 are short-circuited.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system to be compared has a configuration in which the switch 42, the switch closing control unit 43, the switch opening control unit 44, and the backflow prevention diodes 47 to 49 are excluded from the short circuit 31 of the photovoltaic power generation system 1. Described as the comparison target system.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the output voltage suppression circuit and the fluctuation of the output voltage of the solar power generation system according to the solar radiation fluctuation according to the first embodiment.
  • the horizontal axis represents time.
  • the "first thyristor state” shown in FIG. 6 shows the state of the thyristor 41 in the comparison target system
  • the "second thyristor state” shows the state of the thyristor 41 having the configuration shown in FIG.
  • “1” is a conducting state
  • “0” is a non-conducting state.
  • “Vo ′” shown in FIG. 6 is the output voltage of the comparison target system
  • the vertical axis of the output voltages Vo and Vo ′ in FIG. 6 is the DC voltage value.
  • the vertical axis of the amount of solar radiation in Fig. 6 is lux.
  • Ta and Tc it is shown that the amount of solar radiation is reduced due to shadows and the like.
  • Tb and Td it is shown that the amount of solar radiation is reduced due to the nighttime.
  • both the DC voltage values of the output voltages Vo and Vo ′ change according to the amount of solar radiation.
  • the gate current Ig flows to the gate of the thyristor 41 via the Zener diode 45, so that the thyristor 41 is ignited to be in the conductive state. Become. Therefore, the output voltages Vo and Vo 'are both suppressed, and, for example, the DC voltage values of the output voltages Vo and Vo' are small.
  • the Zener voltage of the Zener diode 45 is set so that the gate current Ig does not flow to the gate of the thyristor 41 via the Zener diode 45.
  • the short-circuit current is shown in FIG. 2 is equal to or more than the holding current of the thyristor 41, the conduction state of the thyristor 41 is maintained. .. That is, when the amount of solar radiation is such that the short-circuit current is becomes equal to or larger than the holding current of the thyristor 41, both the output voltages Vo and Vo 'are suppressed.
  • the short-circuit operation when the amount of power generation of the solar cell module 11 is reduced and the short-circuit current is becomes less than the holding current of the thyristor 41 after the amount of solar radiation is reduced, The thyristor 41 is extinguished and the short circuit becomes non-conductive. Therefore, the short circuit of the solar cell module 11 is released.
  • the example shown in FIG. 6 indicates that the short circuit of the solar cell module 11 has been released at time t2.
  • the power generation of the solar cell module 11 is restarted from time t3.
  • the thyristor 41 remains in the non-conducting state, so that the output voltage Vo ′ is not suppressed and the DC voltage value of the output voltage Vo ′ changes in accordance with the amount of solar radiation.
  • the switch 42 since the switch 42 is in the closed state, the thyristor 41 is ignited and brought into the conductive state as the output voltage from the solar cell module 11 increases. Therefore, the output voltage Vo is suppressed.
  • the solar power generation system 1 can suppress the output voltage Vo even when power generation is restarted after the solar cell module 11 is shielded from light at night or due to a shadow or the like. That is, the solar power generation system 1 can suppress the output voltage Vo without depending on the power generation state. Therefore, for example, even when a fire occurs in a building in which the solar power generation system 1 is installed and the fire fighting activity lasts for several days, the output voltage Vo of the solar power generation system 1 can be maintained in a suppressed state. .
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 1 suppresses the output voltage Vo and the plurality of solar cell modules 11 connected in series between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15. And an output voltage suppression circuit 30 that operates.
  • the output voltage suppression circuit 30 includes a plurality of thyristors 41, a plurality of switches 42, and a plurality of switch closing control units 43. Each thyristor 41 is provided between the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • Each switch 42 is provided between the gate of the corresponding thyristor 41 among the plurality of thyristors 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • Each switch closing control unit 43 switches the corresponding switch 42 of the plurality of switches 42 from the open state to the closed state. As a result, the output voltage Vo can be suppressed without depending on the power generation status in the solar power generation system 1.
  • the solar power generation system 1 also includes a plurality of Zener diodes 45 and a pulse generation circuit 51.
  • the plurality of Zener diodes 45 are respectively provided between the gate of the corresponding thyristor 41 among the plurality of thyristors 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • the pulse generation circuit 51 is provided between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15, and generates a pulse voltage Vp for firing each thyristor 41 via the corresponding Zener diode 45 among the plurality of Zener diodes 45. It is generated between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15.
  • Each switch closing control unit 43 detects the pulse voltage Vp generated by the pulse generating circuit 51 and switches the corresponding switch 42 among the plurality of switches 42 from the open state to the closed state. Thereby, in each short circuit 31, even if the thyristor 41 is extinguished after the thyristor 41 is ignited, the thyristor 41 can be ignited again by the increase in the voltage of the solar cell module 11.
  • each switch closing control unit 43 is connected between the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11, and flows to the switch closing control unit 43 by the pulse voltage Vp.
  • the corresponding switch 42 is switched from the open state to the closed state based on the current. As a result, when the thyristor 41 is fired, the switch 42 can be accurately switched from the open state to the closed state.
  • the solar power generation system 1 also includes a release switch 52 and a plurality of switch opening control units 44.
  • the release switch 52 is provided between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15, and short-circuits between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15.
  • Each switch opening control unit 44 changes the corresponding switch 42 among the plurality of switches 42 from the closed state to the open state when the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 are short-circuited by the release switch 52. Switch. Accordingly, the switch 42 can be easily switched from the closed state to the open state.
  • the solar power generation system 1 includes a plurality of backflow prevention diodes 46 and a plurality of backflow prevention diodes 47.
  • the backflow prevention diode 46 is an example of a first diode
  • the backflow prevention diode 47 is an example of a second diode.
  • Each backflow prevention diode 46 is provided between the anode of the corresponding thyristor 41 among the plurality of thyristors 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • Each backflow prevention diode 47 is connected in series with the corresponding switch opening control unit 44 of the plurality of switch opening control units 44 to form a series connection unit, and the series connection unit corresponds to the plurality of backflow prevention diodes 46. It is connected in parallel with the backflow prevention diode 46.
  • Each switch opening control unit 44 switches the corresponding switch 42 of the plurality of switches 42 from the open state to the closed state based on the current flowing from the corresponding backflow prevention diode 46 of the plurality of backflow prevention diodes 46.
  • the switch open control unit 44 can easily detect a short circuit between the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 with a simple configuration using the backflow prevention diodes 46 and 47.
  • Embodiment 2 differs from the solar power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment in that a voltage supply device is provided as a means for supplying a current to the gate of the thyristor.
  • a voltage supply device is provided as a means for supplying a current to the gate of the thyristor.
  • constituent elements having the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted, and differences from the photovoltaic power generation system 1 of the first embodiment will be mainly described. Note that the operation of the solar power generation system according to the second embodiment that accompanies fluctuations in the amount of solar radiation is the same as that of the solar power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment, and will not be described.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the solar power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 1A according to the second embodiment includes a plurality of short-circuit circuits 31A and a control circuit 32 instead of the output voltage suppression circuit 30 including a plurality of short-circuit circuits 31 and a control circuit 32. It is different from the photovoltaic power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment in that an output voltage suppression circuit 30A including the same is provided.
  • the short circuit 31A is provided for each solar cell module 11.
  • the primary battery 53 connected in series to the series connection part of the switch 42 and the backflow prevention diode 49 is provided between the positive electrode terminal 12 of the solar cell module 11 and the gate of the thyristor 41.
  • a current flows from the primary battery 53 to the gate of the thyristor 41 via the backflow prevention diode 49 and the switch 42.
  • the switch 42, the backflow prevention diode 49, and the primary battery 53 connected in series may be provided between the positive electrode terminal 12 of the solar cell module 11 and the gate of the thyristor 41. It is not limited to the example shown in FIG.
  • the solar radiation amount to the solar cell module 11 is reduced and the short-circuit current is of the solar cell module 11 is reduced to be less than the holding current of the thyristor 41.
  • the current is supplied from the primary battery 53 to the gate of the thyristor 41, when the solar cell module 11 starts power generation again, the thyristor 41 is ignited and the solar cell module 11 is in a short-circuited state.
  • the primary battery 53 having a capacity capable of continuously supplying current to the gate of the thyristor 41 for several days after the short-circuit operation is performed in the solar power generation system 1A.
  • the primary battery 53 is used as a voltage supply device that supplies current to the gate of the thyristor 41, but the voltage supply device is not limited to the primary battery 53.
  • 8 and 9 are diagrams showing another example of the configuration of the short circuit according to the second embodiment.
  • the short circuit 31A shown in FIG. 8 differs from the short circuit 31A shown in FIG. 7 in that a power generation device 54 is provided in place of the primary battery 53.
  • a power generation device 54 As the power generation device 54, a power generation device that can continuously supply current to the gate of the thyristor 41 without depending on the power generation state of the solar cell module 11 is selected.
  • the power generation device 54 shown in FIG. 8 is, for example, a temperature difference power generation device.
  • the inside of the power generation device 54 is attached to the electric wire of the positive electrode side output circuit 6.
  • the power generation device 54 generates power due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the power generation device 54.
  • the current from the power generation device 54 flows to the gate of the thyristor 41, and the thyristor 41 is ignited and brought into conduction.
  • the short circuit 31A shown in FIG. 9 is different from the short circuit 31A shown in FIG. 7 in that it includes a power generation device 54 and a power storage device 55 in place of the primary battery 53.
  • the power generation device 54 generates power due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the power generation device 54, and the power storage device 55 is charged.
  • the thyristor 41 is ignited and brought into a conductive state.
  • the electricity storage device 55 is, for example, a capacitor or a secondary battery.
  • each short circuit 31A of the photovoltaic power generation system 1A is provided between the gate of the thyristor 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12 of the solar cell module 11, and is connected in series with the switch 42.
  • a plurality of voltage supply devices are provided.
  • the voltage supply device includes at least one of the primary battery 53, the power generation device 54, and the power storage device 55, for example. Accordingly, even when the voltage between the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 becomes low, the current can be continuously supplied to the gate of the thyristor 41 by the voltage supply device, and the sunlight The output voltage Vo of the photovoltaic power generation system 1A can be suppressed without depending on the power generation status in the power generation system 1A.
  • Embodiment 3 The photovoltaic power generation system according to the third embodiment is different from the photovoltaic power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment in that the switch opening / closing control is performed based on the current flowing through the positive electrode side output circuit 6.
  • constituent elements having the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted, and differences from the photovoltaic power generation system 1 of the first embodiment will be mainly described. Note that the operation of the solar power generation system according to the third embodiment that accompanies fluctuations in the amount of solar radiation is the same as that of the solar power generation systems 1 and 1A according to the first and second embodiments, and will not be described.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the solar power generation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 1B according to the third embodiment includes a plurality of short-circuit circuits 31B and a control circuit 32B instead of the output voltage suppression circuit 30 including a plurality of short-circuit circuits 31 and a control circuit 32. It differs from the photovoltaic power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment in that an output voltage suppression circuit 30B provided is provided.
  • the short circuit 31B includes a thyristor 41, a switch 42, a switch closing control unit 43, a switch opening control unit 44, a current detection unit 60, Zener diodes 63 and 64, and backflow prevention diodes 65 and 66.
  • the thyristor 41 is connected between the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13 of the solar cell module 11. Specifically, the anode of the thyristor 41 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 12, and the cathode of the thyristor 41 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 13. The gate of the thyristor 41 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 12 via the switch 42.
  • the current detection unit 60 detects a change in the current flowing through the positive electrode side output circuit 6.
  • the current detection unit 60 includes a ring-shaped magnetic core 61 and a winding coil 62.
  • the electric wire of the positive electrode side output circuit 6 is inserted into the hole of the magnetic core 61.
  • a winding coil 62 is wound around the magnetic core 61.
  • a positive electrode terminal 62a and a negative electrode terminal 62b are provided at one end and the other end of the winding coil 62.
  • a series connection portion of the backflow prevention diode 65, the switch closing control unit 43, and the Zener diode 63, the Zener diode 64, the switch opening control unit 44, and The backflow prevention diode 66 is connected in parallel with the series connection portion.
  • the backflow prevention diode 65, the switch closing control unit 43, and the Zener diode 63 may be connected in series and connected between the positive electrode terminal 62a and the negative electrode terminal 62b, and the respective arrangements are shown in FIG. Not limited to.
  • the Zener diode 64, the switch opening control unit 44, and the backflow prevention diode 66 may be connected in series and connected between the positive electrode terminal 62a and the negative electrode terminal 62b, and the arrangement of each is shown in FIG. It is not limited to the example.
  • the control circuit 32B includes an operation switch 71 that opens and closes the positive electrode side output circuit 6, and a release switch 72 that short-circuits the positive electrode side output circuit 6 and the negative side output circuit 7.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a short circuit operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 shows a normal operating state of the solar power generation system 1B.
  • the open / close switches 21 and 22 of the DC switch 20 are closed, the switch 42 of the short circuit 31B is open, and the operation switch 71 is closed.
  • the release switch 72 is in the open state.
  • the operation switch 71 changes from the normal operating state to the open state, the operating current Ip flowing through the positive-side output electric circuit 6 sharply decreases. Therefore, an induced electromotive force is generated in the winding coil 62 wound around the magnetic core 61, and the induced current flows from the positive electrode terminal 62a to the negative electrode terminal 62b via the Zener diode 63, the switch closing control unit 43, and the backflow prevention diode 65. Iea flows.
  • the switch closing control unit 43 switches the state of the switch 42 from the open state to the closed state when a current flows through the switch closing control unit 43.
  • the gate current Ig flows from the positive electrode terminal 12 to the gate of the thyristor 41 via the switch 42, so that the thyristor 41 is ignited and becomes conductive.
  • the solar cell module 11 is short-circuited and the output voltage Vo of the photovoltaic power generation system 1B is suppressed.
  • the Zener diodes 63 and 64 are induction voltages generated by the amount of change in the current flowing in the positive electrode side output circuit 6 in the normal operating state so that the switch closing control unit 43 and the switch opening control unit 44 do not operate in the normal operating state. Has a Zener voltage greater than the maximum value of.
  • the solar cell module 11 After the solar cell module 11 is short-circuited by the short-circuit circuit 31B, the solar cell module 11 is shielded from light at night or by a shadow or the like, and the amount of power generation decreases, and when the short-circuit current is becomes less than the holding current of the thyristor 41, the thyristor 41 41 is extinguished and the conductive state of the thyristor 41 is released. In such a state, the switch 42 remains closed.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the release operation by the output voltage suppression circuit according to the third embodiment.
  • a return operation that is an operation for returning the solar power generation system 1B to the normal operating state is performed.
  • the return operation is performed by changing the state of the release switch 72 from the open state to the closed state after switching the operation switch 71 from the closed state to the open state, and after switching the state of the release switch 72 from the closed state to the open state.
  • the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15 of the solar cell string 10 are connected to each other. Are short-circuited.
  • a short circuit current Is flows in the positive electrode side output circuit 6.
  • an induced electromotive force is generated in the winding coil 62 wound around the magnetic core 61 in a direction opposite to that in the short-circuiting operation, and the Zener diode 64 and the switch opening control unit 44 are connected from the negative terminal 62b of the winding coil 62.
  • the switch open control unit 44 switches the state of the switch 42 from the closed state to the open state when a current flows through the switch open control unit 44.
  • the solar cell string 10 causes the power conditioner 100 to move.
  • the supply of generated power to the solar power generation system 1B is started, and the photovoltaic power generation system 1B returns to the normal operating state.
  • the solar power generation system 1B uses the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t, which is the change amount of the current flowing through the positive electrode side output circuit 6, per unit time as a trigger for the short-circuit operation. Therefore, it is desirable to set the threshold value ⁇ Ith of the short-circuit operation with respect to the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t of the short circuit 31B so that the short circuit 31B does not malfunction due to the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t that occurs in the normal operating state.
  • the short circuit 31B switches the switch 42 from the open state to the closed state when the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t is equal to or more than the threshold value ⁇ Ith.
  • the current flowing through the positive-side output circuit 6 changes due to the change in the amount of solar radiation on the solar cell string 10 due to sunrise and sunset, and the amount of solar radiation on the solar cell string 10 due to light shielding by clouds. Is decreased, the current flowing through the positive electrode side output circuit 6 is decreased. Since the change in the amount of solar radiation accompanying sunrise and the change in the amount of solar radiation accompanying sunset are changes over several hours, the amount of current change ⁇ I / ⁇ t due to such changes is small.
  • the change in the amount of solar radiation to the solar cell string 10 due to being shielded by the clouds shifts to a state in which the solar radiation to all the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n included in the solar power generation system 1B is simultaneously shielded by the clouds. If you do it will be the maximum.
  • the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ T / is set so that the short-circuit operation of the short-circuit 31B is not performed by the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t that occurs when the change in the amount of solar radiation to the solar cell string 10 due to being shielded by the cloud is maximum.
  • the threshold value ⁇ Ith of the short circuit 31B with respect to ⁇ t is set.
  • the amount of current change ⁇ I / ⁇ t when the change in the amount of solar radiation on the solar cell string 10 due to being shielded by clouds is maximum is I1
  • the positive-side output circuit 6 is opened from the closed state by the operation switch 71.
  • the minimum value of the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t of the positive electrode side output circuit 6 is I2.
  • the threshold value ⁇ Ith of the short circuit 31B so as to satisfy I1 ⁇ Ith ⁇ I2
  • the malfunction of the short circuit 31B can be prevented.
  • the speed of the cloud is 40 m / s during a strong wind caused by a typhoon.
  • the cloud speed is 40 m / s
  • the solar radiation to each solar cell module 11 is not blocked by the cloud and the solar radiation to all the solar cell modules 11 1 to 11 n is simultaneously shielded by the cloud.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system 1B includes the output voltage suppression circuit 30B that suppresses the output voltage Vo and the operation switch 71.
  • the output voltage suppression circuit 30B includes a plurality of thyristors 41, a plurality of switches 42, a plurality of switch closing control units 43, and a plurality of current detection units 60.
  • Each of the plurality of thyristors 41 is provided between the positive electrode terminal 12 and the negative electrode terminal 13 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • Each of the plurality of switches 42 is provided between the gate of the corresponding thyristor 41 among the plurality of thyristors 41 and the positive electrode terminal 12 of the corresponding solar cell module 11 among the plurality of solar cell modules 11.
  • the operation switch 71 opens and closes the electric path between the positive output terminal 14 and the negative output terminal 15.
  • Each current detector 60 detects a change in the current in the electric path between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15.
  • the switch closing control unit 43 switches the corresponding switch 42 among the plurality of switches 42 from the open state to the closed state based on the current change amount ⁇ I / ⁇ t, which is the amount of change in the current detected by the current detection unit 60.
  • the output voltage Vo can be suppressed without depending on the power generation state in the photovoltaic power generation system 1B.
  • the solar power generation system 1B also includes a release switch 72 and a plurality of switch opening control units 44.
  • the release switch 72 is provided between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15, and short-circuits between the positive electrode side output terminal 14 and the negative electrode side output terminal 15.
  • Each switch opening control unit 44 switches the corresponding switch 42 among the plurality of switches 42 from the closed state to the open state based on the amount of change in the current detected by the current detection unit 60. Accordingly, the switch 42 can be easily switched from the open state to the closed state.

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  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit de suppression de tension de sortie (30) destiné à supprimer la tension de sortie (Vo) d'un système de production d'énergie solaire (1), le circuit de suppression de tension de sortie (30) étant pourvu d'une pluralité de thyristors (41), d'une pluralité de commutateurs (42), et d'une pluralité d'unités de commande de fermeture de commutateur (43). Chacun des thyristors (41) est disposé entre la borne d'électrode positive (12) et la borne d'électrode négative (13) du module de cellule solaire (11) correspondant parmi une pluralité de modules de cellule solaire (11). Chacun des commutateurs (42) est disposé entre la grille du thyristor correspondant (41) parmi la pluralité de thyristors (41) et la borne d'électrode positive (12) du module de cellule solaire (11) correspondant parmi la pluralité de modules de cellule solaire (11). Chacune des unités de commande de fermeture de commutateur (43) commute le commutateur correspondant (42) parmi la pluralité de commutateurs (42) d'un état ouvert à un état fermé.
PCT/JP2018/041857 2018-11-12 2018-11-12 Circuit de suppression de tension de sortie et système de production d'énergie solaire WO2020100198A1 (fr)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6114860U (ja) * 1984-06-29 1986-01-28 日本電気株式会社 太陽電池電源装置
JPS6225836A (ja) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-03 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション 太陽電池電源装置
JPH08315959A (ja) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp ヒータ回路
JP2014068509A (ja) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-17 Hochiki Corp 太陽光発電システム
US20160036235A1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Robert Getsla Safety Shutdown System for Photovoltaic Power Generators
JP2016067112A (ja) * 2014-09-24 2016-04-28 三洋電機株式会社 接続ケーブル
JP2016533160A (ja) * 2013-09-17 2016-10-20 エスエムエイ ソーラー テクノロジー アクティエンゲゼルシャフトＳＭＡ Ｓｏｌａｒ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ＡＧ 短絡スイッチを使用して遮断緩和するための、光起電力インバータ用回路装置、および前記回路装置の使用
JP2017225243A (ja) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 太陽光発電システムの感電防止回路

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6114860U (ja) * 1984-06-29 1986-01-28 日本電気株式会社 太陽電池電源装置
JPS6225836A (ja) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-03 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション 太陽電池電源装置
JPH08315959A (ja) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp ヒータ回路
JP2014068509A (ja) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-17 Hochiki Corp 太陽光発電システム
JP2016533160A (ja) * 2013-09-17 2016-10-20 エスエムエイ ソーラー テクノロジー アクティエンゲゼルシャフトＳＭＡ Ｓｏｌａｒ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ＡＧ 短絡スイッチを使用して遮断緩和するための、光起電力インバータ用回路装置、および前記回路装置の使用
US20160036235A1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Robert Getsla Safety Shutdown System for Photovoltaic Power Generators
JP2016067112A (ja) * 2014-09-24 2016-04-28 三洋電機株式会社 接続ケーブル
JP2017225243A (ja) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 太陽光発電システムの感電防止回路

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