WO2020095492A1

WO2020095492A1 - Electric transmission operation device for vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2020095492A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/030460
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孝尚田中
Original assignee: 武蔵精密工業株式会社
Priority date: 2018-11-06
Filing date: 2019-08-02
Publication date: 2020-05-14
Also published as: JP2020076430A

Abstract

This electric transmission operation device is provided with: a shift transmission mechanism (12) that enables transmission between a starter motor (4) and a shift operation member (5); a shift clutch mechanism (28) that is interposed in the shift transmission mechanism (12) and that enters into a disconnected state when the engine starts; and a control device (40) that, when a speed-change command means (42, 43) outputs a speed-change command signal, controls the shift clutch mechanism (28) so that the same is in a connected state and controls the operation of the starter motor (4), in order to drive the shift operation member (5). Also provided is a starter restricting means (45) that invalidates an ON operation of a starter switch (41) at least when the shift clutch mechanism (28) is in a connected state.

Description

Vehicle electric gear shifting operation device

The present invention relates to an electric shift operating device for a vehicle, which causes an upshift and a downshift in a transmission by operating an electric motor.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in an electric shift control device for a vehicle, it is known to use a starter motor for starting an engine also as a shift control motor to simplify the configuration of the device, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. ing.

Japanese Patent No. 4772406

In the above-mentioned conventional electric gear shift operation device, when the starter switch is erroneously turned on while the engine is operating, especially when the gearshift is on standby, the starter motor may be activated to cause an unnecessary gearshift in the transmission.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when the starter switch is erroneously operated to be turned on during a shift standby, the erroneous operation is invalidated to prevent the starter motor from operating, and the transmission is useless. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric shift operating device for a vehicle, which does not cause a shift.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a starter motor that cranks the crankshaft of an engine through a one-way clutch in response to an ON operation of a starter switch when the engine is started, and a shift operation of a transmission. A shift operation member for performing a shift operation, a shift transmission mechanism for enabling transmission between the starter motor and the shift operation member, a shift clutch mechanism interposed in the shift transmission mechanism and being in a disengaged state when the engine is started, and a shift command A shift command means for outputting a signal, and a control device for connecting the shift clutch mechanism and controlling the operation of the starter motor to drive the shift operating member when the shift command signal is output from the shift command means. An electric gear shift operating device for a vehicle, comprising: Further comprising a starter inhibit means for disabling the on-operation of the starter switch to the first feature. The control device corresponds to an electronic control unit 40 in an embodiment described later, the shift command means corresponds to an upshift switch 46 and a downshift switch 47, and the shift operating member corresponds to the shift spindle 5. The starter suppressing means corresponds to the starter cut relay 45.

In addition to the first feature, the second feature of the present invention is that the control device operates the starter suppressing means by detecting an operating state of the engine.

Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, when any one of an upshifting and downshifting shift command signal from the control device and an ON signal of the starter switch is input, When the first relay that closes the first main circuit for operating the starter motor in the forward rotation direction and the other shift command signal of upshift and downshift are input from the control device, the starter motor is turned on. A second relay that closes a second main circuit for operating in the reverse direction and a signal circuit for inputting an ON signal of the starter switch to the first relay are interposed, and the engine is controlled by the control device. And a starter cut relay as the starter suppressing means, which opens the signal circuit when an engine operation signal indicating an operating state is input. The third feature. The signal circuit corresponds to the third signal circuit 53 in the embodiment described later.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the shift clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state at the time of starting the engine, the starter motor can crank the engine by its operation without being interfered by the shift operating member. it can. Further, when the shift command signal is output from the control device, the shift clutch mechanism is in the connected state, so that the starter motor can drive the shift operating member by its operation to give a desired shift to the transmission. Furthermore, at least while the shift clutch is connected, that is, while the gear shift is in standby, the starter restraining means operates to invalidate the ON operation of the starter switch. Therefore, even if the starter switch is erroneously turned on, the starter motor does not respond to the erroneous operation. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an unnecessary shift from occurring in the transmission.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the control device detects the operating state of the engine and actuates the starter inhibiting means, so that the starter inhibiting means is activated in the engaged state of the shift clutch. It can be easily achieved.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the starter motor can be operated by the first relay when starting the engine and driving the shift operating member in the upshift direction and the downshift direction. With the starter cut relay, it is possible to disable the ON operation of the starter switch due to an erroneous operation when the engine is operating.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a power unit of a motorcycle including the electric gear shift operating device of the present invention as seen from an oblique left side. The perspective view seen from the slanting right side of the above-mentioned power unit. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. An electric circuit diagram of the above-mentioned electric type gear shift operation device.

As an embodiment of the present invention, an example will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, reference numeral U is a power unit mounted on a motorcycle, which is a vehicle, and includes the electric gear shift operation device of the present invention. In this power unit U, a starter driven gear 3 is attached to one end of an engine crankshaft 1 via a one-way clutch 2, and a starter motor 4 and a shift spindle 5 parallel to the crankshaft 1 are provided around the starter driven gear 3. Will be placed. In the illustrated example, the starter driven gear 3 and the shift spindle 5 are arranged above and below the starter driven gear 3, respectively. The starter motor 4 is attached to a crank case (not shown), and the shift spindle 5 is also rotatably supported by the crank case.

The starter motor 4 is capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions, and its rotor shaft 4a rotates by a pinion 6 formed on the outer end of the rotor shaft 4a and a large-diameter gear 7 rotatably supported by a crankcase. The first reduction gear train 8, the small-diameter gear 9 coaxially integrated with the large-diameter gear 7, and the second reduction gear train 10 including the starter driven gear 3 reduce the speed in two stages, and the one-way clutch is operated. It is transmitted to the crankshaft 1 via. The one-way clutch 2 is a known one that allows the starter motor 4 to drive the crank shaft 1 in only one direction.

The starter driven gear 3 and the shift spindle 5 are connected via a shift transmission mechanism 12. The shift transmission mechanism 12 includes a fixed shaft 13 fixedly supported by a crankcase in parallel with the shift spindle 5, a shift drive gear 14 rotatably supported by the fixed shaft 13 and meshed with the starter driven gear 3, and a shift drive gear 14 It is composed of a shift driven gear 15 which is rotatably and slidably supported by a fixed shaft 13 adjacent to the drive gear 14, and a sector type spindle gear 16 which is fixed to the shift spindle 5 and meshes with the shift driven gear 15. ..

As shown in FIG. 3, the rear surface of the shift drive gear 14 is supported by the flange 13a on the fixed shaft 13 so that the shift drive gear 14 cannot move in the axial direction. On the other hand, the shift driven gear 15 is axially movable on the fixed shaft 13 so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the shift drive gear 14, and a dog clutch 17 is provided between the both

gears

14, 15.

The dog clutch 17 includes a plurality of dogs 17a and dog holes 17b provided on one and the other of the facing surfaces of the gears 14 and 15 (in the illustrated example, the shift driven gear 15 has a dog 17a and the shift drive gear 14 has a dog hole 17b). When the shift driven gear 15 moves forward, the dog 17a engages with the dog hole 17b to connect the dog clutch 17, and when the shift driven gear 15 moves backward, the dog 17a disengages from the dog hole 17b and disconnects the dog clutch 17. It is supposed to be. An open spring 18 for elastically urging the shift driven gear 15 in the backward direction, that is, the direction in which the dog clutch 17 is disengaged is contracted between the

gears

14 and 15.

The shift driven gear 15 is connected to an electromagnetic operating unit 20 that can operate the shift driven gear 15 in the forward direction, that is, the connecting direction of the dog clutch 17. The electromagnetic operation unit 20 is connected to a solenoid 21 fixedly supported by a crankcase, a movable iron core 22 that is moved forward by energizing the solenoid 21, and a movable iron core 22 via a connecting pin 27. An actuating shaft 24 slidably fitted in a guide hole 23 provided in the center of the fixed shaft 13, and a slidable hole 25 fixed to the actuating shaft 24 and extending in the axial direction on the fixed shaft 13. And a push pin 26 that abuts on the rear surface of the shift driven gear 15. Thus, when the solenoid 21 is energized, the movable iron core 22 advances the operating shaft 24, advances the shift driven gear 15 via the push pin 26 against the biasing force of the opening spring 18, and causes the dog clutch 17 to move. Set the connection status. When the energization of the solenoid 21 is turned off, the shift driven gear 15 is retracted together with the actuating shaft 24 and the movable iron core 22 by the biasing force of the opening spring 18, and the dog clutch 17 is returned to the disengaged state. The shift driven gear 15 has a tooth width sufficient to maintain a meshing state with the spindle gear 16 even when the shift driven gear 15 advances and retracts.

In the above, the dog clutch 17 and the electromagnetic operation unit 20 constitute an electromagnetic shift clutch mechanism 28 that connects and disconnects the transmission of the shift transmission mechanism 12.

1 and 2, again, a multi-stage (four stages in the illustrated example) transmission 29 is arranged above the shift spindle 5. The spindle gear 16 and the spindle lever 30 are fixed to both ends of the shift spindle 5 with the transmission 29 interposed therebetween. Further, at the outer end portion of the shift spindle 5 projecting to the outside of a crank case (not shown), serrations 5a for attaching an optional change pedal are formed.

The spindle lever 30 is connected to an original position return spring mechanism 31 that elastically urges the shift spindle 5 to its original position in the rotating direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the home position return spring mechanism 31 includes a coil portion 32a fitted to the shift spindle 5 and a pair of pinching

arm portions

32b and 32b extending from both ends of the coil portion 32a. The main element is a torsion coil spring 32, and the pair of pinching

arm portions

32b and 32b simultaneously fix both side surfaces of a fixed pin 33 and a movable pin 34 arranged side by side on the crankcase and the spindle lever 30, respectively. It is pinched elastically. The spindle lever 30 is provided with an arc-shaped elongated hole 35 which penetrates the fixing pin 33 and allows the spindle lever 30 to rotate in the upshift direction and the downshift direction. By alternately contacting the other end surface with the fixing pin 33, the upshift rotation position and the downshift rotation position of the spindle lever 30, that is, the shift spindle 5 are regulated.

Further, when the fixed pin 33 and the movable pin 34 are aligned in the radial direction of the shift spindle 5 by the holding force of the pair of sandwiching

arm portions

32b and 32b with respect to the fixed pin 33 and the movable pin 34, the shift spindle 5 returns to its original position. Retained. When the shift spindle 5 is rotated in the upshift direction or the downshift direction from the original position by the spindle gear 16, the spindle lever 30 is also rotated at the same time, so that the movable pin 34 integrated with the spindle lever 30 is twisted. The one sandwiching arm portion 32b of the coil spring 32 is bent so as to move away from the other sandwiching arm portion 32b that abuts the fixing pin 33, and the return force to the original position for the shift spindle 5 is strengthened.

The spindle lever 30 is interlocked with a shift drum 37 via an intermittent feed mechanism 36. When the shift spindle 5 is reciprocally rotated from the original position in the upshift direction or the downshift direction by a certain angle, only the forward rotation of the shift spindle 5 is transferred to the shift drum 37 by the intermittent feeding mechanism 36, and the upshift direction or the downshift is performed. The shift drum 37 causes the transmission 29 to shift up or down one gear at a time through the shift fork 38. The shift drum 37 is arranged above the transmission 29. 1 and 2,

reference numerals

29a and 29b indicate the input shaft and the output shaft of the transmission 29. The shift spindle 5 is interlocked with a clutch (not shown) of a transmission system between the crankshaft 1 and the input shaft 29a, and the clutch is used when the shift spindle 5 shifts in an upshift direction or a downshift direction. When the shift spindle 5 returns to its original position and turns, it is controlled to be in the off state. Since these configurations and functions are well known, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, an electric circuit for the electric gear shift operation device will be described.

An electronic control unit 40, a starter switch 41, a switching type first relay 42, a switching type second relay 43, and a normally open type third relay 44 are provided for controlling the operation of the starter motor 4.

The first relay 42 has a coil 42a, a changeover switch 42b, an a contact 42c, and a b contact 42d. The changeover switch 42b is normally in contact with the b contact 42d, and is switched to contact with the a contact 42c by energizing the coil 42a.

The second relay 43 has a coil 43a, a changeover switch 43b, an a contact 43c and a b contact 43d. The changeover switch 43b is normally in contact with the b contact point 43d, and is switched to contact with the a contact point 43c by energizing the coil 43a.

The third relay 44 has a coil 44a and a normally open switch 44b, and the normally open switch 44b is turned on when the coil 44a is energized.

The output terminals of the upshift switch 46 and the downshift switch 47 are connected to the electronic control unit 40.

The upshift switch 46 outputs an ON signal to the electronic control unit 40 when it is turned on by the operator. Based on the ON signal, the electronic control unit 40 determines that the transmission 29 should be upshifted and outputs an upshift signal to the first signal circuit 51 for a certain period of time. The fixed time is set to a time sufficient to give the transmission 29 an upshift. The first signal circuit 51 reaches the (-) pole of the battery 50 via the coil 42a of the first relay 42.

The downshift switch 47 outputs an ON signal to the electronic control unit 40 when it is turned on by the operator. Based on the ON signal, the electronic control unit 40 determines that the transmission 29 should be downshifted and outputs a downshift signal to the second signal circuit 52 for a certain period of time. The fixed time is set to a time sufficient to give a downshift to the transmission 29. The second signal circuit 52 reaches the (-) pole of the battery 50 via the coil 43a of the second relay 43.

The third signal circuit 53 extending from the (+) pole of the battery 50 merges with the first signal circuit 51 via the normally open type starter switch 41.
One of the energization terminals of the starter motor 4 is connected to the base end of the changeover switch 42b of the first relay 42, and the other of the starter motor 4 is connected to the base end of the changeover switch 43b of the second relay 43. Thus, the starter motor 4 rotates normally when energized from the first relay 42 side, and reverses when energized from the second relay 43 side.

The

upstream parts

56a and 57a of the first and second

main circuits

56 and 57 extending from the (+) pole of the battery 50 are connected to the a contact 42c of the first relay 42 and the a contact 43c of the second relay 43, respectively. It The

downstream portions

56b and 57b of the first and second

main circuits

56 and 57 extend from the b terminal 42c of the first relay 42 and the b contact 43c of the second relay 43, respectively, and both (-) of the battery 50. To the pole.

The solenoid 21 of the shift clutch mechanism 28 is provided in a third main circuit 58 extending from the electronic control unit 40 to reach the (-) pole of the battery 50. The electronic control unit 40 includes the upshift switch 46 and the upshift switch 46. When an ON signal is received from any of the downshift switches 47, the solenoid 21 is energized through the third main circuit 58 for a certain period of time.

Explain the operation related to the configuration so far.

When the starter switch 41 is turned on for starting the engine, the third signal circuit 53 and the first signal circuit 51 are closed, the coil 42a of the first relay 42 is energized, and the changeover switch 42b is connected to the a contact 42c. Since the contact is switched to the contact, the starter motor 4 is closed between the upstream portion 56a and the downstream portion 56b of the first main circuit 56. As a result, the starter motor 4 is normally rotated by being energized in the normal rotation direction to crank the crankshaft 1 of the engine through the one-way clutch 2 and start the engine.

After the engine is started, by turning off the starter switch 41, the third signal circuit 53 is opened and the changeover switch 42b of the first relay 42 is separated from the a contact 42c. Therefore, the upstream portion 56a of the first main circuit 56 is The rotation of the starter motor 4 is stopped by opening between the downstream portion 56b and the downstream portion 56b.

When the engine is activated in this way, the one-way clutch 2 is disengaged, so the crankshaft 1 does not drive the starter driven gear 3.

On the other hand, the solenoid 21 of the shift clutch mechanism 28 is in the state of de-energization and holds the dog clutch 17 in the disengaged state in the state where the gear shift operation is not performed. The rolling is not transmitted to the shift spindle 5.

Next, when the operator turns on the upshift switch 46, the electronic control unit 40 outputs the upshift signal to the first signal circuit 51 for a certain period of time, so that the coil 42a of the first relay 42 is energized for a certain period of time. .. As a result, the changeover switch 42b is switched to contact with the a-contact 42c, so that the upstream portion 56a and the downstream portion 56b of the first main circuit 56 are closed for a certain period of time.

At the same time, the electronic control unit 40 energizes the solenoid 21 of the shift clutch mechanism 28 for a certain period of time through the third main circuit 58, so that the dog clutch 17 is in the connected state and the shift transmission mechanism 12 is controlled to be capable of transmitting for a certain period of time. At the same time, the starter motor 4 is energized in the normal rotation direction via the first main circuit 56, and normally rotates for a certain period of time.

According to the forward rotation of the starter motor 4 as described above, the shift spindle 5 is rotated from the original position by a predetermined angle in the upshift direction via the starter driven gear 3 and the shift transmission mechanism 12, so that the transmission 29 is rotated by one speed. Can be upshifted.

When the operator turns on the downshift switch 47, the electronic control unit 40 outputs the downshift signal to the second signal circuit 52 for a certain period of time, so that the coil 43a of the second relay 43 passes through the second signal circuit 52. It is energized for a certain time. As a result, the changeover switch 43b is switched to contact with the a-contact 43c, so that the upstream portion 57a and the downstream portion 57b of the second main circuit 57 are closed for a certain period of time.

At the same time, the electronic control unit 40 energizes the solenoid 21 of the shift clutch mechanism 28 for a certain period of time through the third main circuit 58, so that the dog clutch 17 is in the connected state and the shift transmission mechanism 12 is controlled to be capable of transmitting for a certain period of time. At the same time, the starter motor 4 is energized in the reverse rotation direction via the second main circuit 57, and the starter motor 4 is reversely rotated for a predetermined time.

By such reverse rotation of the starter motor 4, since the shift spindle 5 is rotated from the original position by a predetermined angle in the downshift direction via the starter driven gear 3 and the shift transmission mechanism 12, the transmission 29 is down by one speed. Can be shifted.

When the above-described upshift operation or downshift operation is completed, that is, when the electronic control unit 40 outputs the upshift signal or the downshift signal for a certain time, the first main circuit 56 or the second main circuit 56 Since 57 is returned to the original open state, the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the starter motor 4 is stopped.

At the same time, the energization of the solenoid 21 of the shift clutch mechanism 28 is turned off, the shift clutch mechanism 28 returns to the disengaged state, and the shift spindle 5 and the starter motor 4 are disengaged. As a result, the shift spindle 5 can be smoothly returned to the original position by the biasing force of the torsion coil spring 32 in the original position return spring mechanism 31 without being interfered by the load of the starter motor 4 in the stopped state.

In the configuration so far, it is assumed that the shift clutch mechanism 28 is kept in the connected state for some reason while the engine is operating. In this case, when the starter switch 41 is turned on by an erroneous operation, the coil 42a of the first relay 42 is energized through the third signal circuit 53 and the first signal circuit 51, so that it is the same as when starting the engine and when upshifting. Then, the changeover switch 42b is switched, and the starter motor 4 is energized in the normal rotation direction through the first main circuit 56 to rotate normally. The normal rotation is transmitted to the shift spindle 5 via the shift transmission mechanism 12 to rotate the shift spindle 5 in the upshift direction, which causes the transmission 29 to perform unnecessary upshifting.

In order to prevent unnecessary shifting of the transmission 29 due to such an erroneous operation of the starter switch 41, the present invention includes a normally closed starter cut relay 45. The starter cut relay 45 has a coil 45a and a normally closed switch 45b which is turned off when the coil 45a is energized. The coil 45a is interposed in the fourth signal circuit 54 extending from the electronic control unit 40 to the (-) pole of the battery 50, and the normally closed switch 45b is interposed in the third signal circuit 53.

On the other hand, the output terminal of the engine speed sensor 48 is connected to the electronic control unit 40. When the engine speed sensor 48 detects that the engine speed is equal to or higher than a certain value (for example, idling speed or higher), the detection signal is input to the electronic control unit 40. The received electronic control unit 40 determines that the engine is in a predetermined operating state and outputs a starter cut signal to the fourth signal circuit 54.

When the electronic control unit 40 determines that the engine is in a predetermined operating state based on the output signal of the engine speed sensor 48, it outputs a starter cut signal to the fourth signal circuit 54 to start the starter cut signal. The coil 45a of the relay 45 is energized, the normally closed switch 45b is turned off, and the fourth signal circuit 54 is opened.

Therefore, during operation of the engine, particularly when the shift clutch mechanism 28 is continuously connected for some reason, even if the starter switch 41 is mistakenly turned on, the coil 42a of the first relay 42 is not energized. .. That is, since the erroneous operation of the starter switch 41 is invalidated by the starter cut relay 45, the starter motor 4 does not operate, the shift rotation of the shift spindle 5 is prevented, and the unnecessary shift of the transmission 29 is suppressed. You can

As is clear from the above, the electronic control unit 40 may output the starter cut signal to the starter cut relay 45 when the shift clutch mechanism 28 is connected in order to suppress the unnecessary shift of the transmission 29. Since the connection state of the shift clutch mechanism 28 occurs during the operation of the engine, the electronic control unit 40 sends the starter cut signal to the starter cut relay based on the output signal of the engine speed sensor 48 as in the above configuration. The output to 45 is easier to control and advantageous in terms of cost.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, as an element for determining the operating state of the engine, the discharge pressure of the lubricating pump of the engine, the output of the generator, or the like can be used instead of the engine speed. Alternatively, the shift transmission mechanism may be directly connected to the shift drum 37, and the shift drum 37 may be driven by the starter motor 4 during a gear shift operation. Further, the starter motor 4 may be reversely rotated at the time of engine start and downshift operation, and the starter motor 4 may be normally rotated at upshift operation. Further, the various relays can be replaced with non-contact type relays.

4 ... Starter motor, 5 ... Shift operating member (shift spindle), 12 ... Shift transmission mechanism, 28 ... Shift clutch mechanism, 29 ... Transmission, 40 ... Control device (electronic Control unit), 42 ... first relay, 43 ... second relay, 45 ... starter suppression means (starter cut relay), 46, 47 ... shift command means (upshift switch, downshift switch) ), 53 ... Signal circuit (third signal circuit), 56 ... First main circuit, 57 ... Second main circuit

Claims

A starter motor that cranks the crankshaft of the engine via a one-way clutch in response to the starter switch being turned on when the engine is started,
A shift operation member for performing a shift operation of the transmission,
A shift transmission mechanism that enables transmission between the starter motor and the shift operation member;
A shift clutch mechanism that is interposed in the shift transmission mechanism and is in a disengaged state when the engine is started;
Gear change command means for outputting a gear change command signal,
When a shift command signal is output from the shift command unit, an electric shift operation of a vehicle is provided, which includes a control device for connecting the shift clutch mechanism and controlling the operation of the starter motor to drive the shift operation member. A device,
An electric shift operation device for a vehicle, comprising starter restraining means for invalidating an ON operation of the starter switch at least when the shift clutch mechanism is in a connected state.
In the electric shift operating device for a vehicle according to claim 1,
The electric shift operating device for a vehicle, wherein the control device operates the starter suppressing means by detecting an operating state of an engine.
The electric shift operating device for a vehicle according to claim 1,
A first main circuit for operating the starter motor in the forward direction is input when either one of an upshifting and downshifting shift command signal from the control device and an ON signal of the starter switch is input. The first relay is closed,
A second relay that closes a second main circuit for operating the starter motor in the reverse rotation direction when the other shift command signal of the upshift and the downshift is input from the control device,
The signal circuit is inserted into a signal circuit for inputting an ON signal of the starter switch to the first relay, and the signal circuit is opened when an engine operating signal indicating that the engine is operating is input from the control device. And a starter cut relay as the starter suppressing means.