WO2020091346A1 - Procédé et dispositif de transmission de pssch par un terminal dans un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de transmission de pssch par un terminal dans un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020091346A1
WO2020091346A1 PCT/KR2019/014285 KR2019014285W WO2020091346A1 WO 2020091346 A1 WO2020091346 A1 WO 2020091346A1 KR 2019014285 W KR2019014285 W KR 2019014285W WO 2020091346 A1 WO2020091346 A1 WO 2020091346A1
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WIPO (PCT)
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information
pscch
cell
data
vehicle
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PCT/KR2019/014285
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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서한별
정성훈
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엘지전자 주식회사
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Publication of WO2020091346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020091346A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria

Definitions

  • the following description relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for efficiently determining a time resource used for a side link channel.
  • a wireless communication system is a multiple access system capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
  • Examples of the multiple access system include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA).
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • MC multi-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • 5G 5th Generation
  • the three main requirements areas of 5G are: (1) Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) area, (2) Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) area, and (3) Super-reliability and Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) domain.
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • mMTC Massive Machine Type Communication
  • URLLC Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications
  • KPI key performance indicator
  • 5G is a flexible and reliable way to support these various use cases.
  • eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile Internet access, and covers media and entertainment applications in rich interactive work, cloud or augmented reality.
  • Data is one of the key drivers of 5G, and it may not be possible to see dedicated voice services for the first time in the 5G era.
  • voice will be processed as an application program simply using the data connection provided by the communication system.
  • the main causes for increased traffic volume are increased content size and increased number of applications requiring high data rates.
  • Streaming services audio and video
  • interactive video and mobile internet connections will become more widely used as more devices connect to the internet. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to users.
  • Cloud storage and applications are rapidly increasing in mobile communication platforms, which can be applied to both work and entertainment.
  • cloud storage is a special use case that drives the growth of uplink data transfer rate.
  • 5G is also used for remote work in the cloud, requiring much lower end-to-end delay to maintain a good user experience when a tactile interface is used.
  • Entertainment For example, cloud gaming and video streaming are another key factor in increasing demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential for smartphones and tablets anywhere, including high mobility environments such as trains, cars and airplanes.
  • Another use case is augmented reality and information retrieval for entertainment.
  • augmented reality requires very low delay and instantaneous amount of data.
  • URLLC includes new services that will transform the industry through ultra-reliable / low-latency links, such as remote control of the main infrastructure and self-driving vehicles. Reliability and level of delay are essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drone control and coordination.
  • 5G can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means to provide streams rated at hundreds of megabits per second to gigabit per second. This fast speed is required to deliver TV in 4K (6K, 8K and higher) resolutions as well as virtual and augmented reality.
  • Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications include almost immersive sports events. Certain application programs may require special network settings. For VR games, for example, game companies may need to integrate the core server with the network operator's edge network server to minimize latency.
  • Automotive is expected to be an important new driver for 5G, along with many use cases for mobile communications to vehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers requires simultaneous high capacity and high mobility mobile broadband. This is because future users continue to expect high-quality connections regardless of their location and speed.
  • Another example of application in the automotive field is the augmented reality dashboard. It identifies objects in the dark over what the driver sees through the front window, and superimposes and displays information telling the driver about the distance and movement of the object.
  • wireless modules will enable communication between vehicles, exchange of information between the vehicle and the supporting infrastructure and exchange of information between the vehicle and other connected devices (eg, devices carried by pedestrians).
  • the safety system helps the driver to reduce the risk of accidents by guiding alternative courses of action to make driving safer.
  • the next step will be remote control or a self-driven vehicle.
  • This requires very reliable and very fast communication between different self-driving vehicles and between the vehicle and the infrastructure.
  • self-driving vehicles will perform all driving activities, and drivers will focus only on traffic beyond which the vehicle itself cannot identify.
  • the technical requirements of self-driving vehicles require ultra-low delays and ultra-high-speed reliability to increase traffic safety to levels beyond human reach.
  • Smart cities and smart homes will be embedded in high-density wireless sensor networks.
  • the distributed network of intelligent sensors will identify the conditions for cost and energy-efficient maintenance of the city or home. Similar settings can be made for each assumption.
  • Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms and consumer electronics are all connected wirelessly. Many of these sensors are typically low data rates, low power and low cost. However, for example, real-time HD video may be required in certain types of devices for surveillance.
  • the smart grid interconnects these sensors using digital information and communication technologies to collect information and act accordingly. This information can include supplier and consumer behavior, so smart grids can improve efficiency, reliability, economics, production sustainability and distribution of fuels like electricity in an automated way.
  • the smart grid can be viewed as another sensor network with low latency.
  • the health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications.
  • the communication system can support telemedicine that provides clinical care from a distance. This can help reduce barriers to distance and improve access to medical services that are not continuously available in remote rural areas. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations.
  • a wireless sensor network based on mobile communication can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.
  • Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Wiring is expensive to install and maintain. Thus, the possibility of replacing cables with wireless links that can be reconfigured is an attractive opportunity in many industries. However, achieving this requires that the wireless connection operates with cable-like delay, reliability and capacity, and that management is simplified. Low latency and very low error probability are new requirements that need to be connected to 5G.
  • Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobile communications that enable the tracking of inventory and packages from anywhere using location-based information systems.
  • Logistics and freight tracking use cases typically require low data rates, but require wide range and reliable location information.
  • the embodiment (s) is based on the measurement of the PSCCH slot or the PSCCH decoding, and how to use the feedback resource related to the PSSCH transmission as a technical problem.
  • a method for a terminal to transmit a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) in a wireless communication system comprising: measuring signal strength in a first slot related to PSCCH transmission; And based on the measured signal strength being greater than a preset threshold, the terminal transmitting a PSSCH in a second slot by avoiding a first resource region related to feedback of the PSCCH.
  • PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
  • a terminal device for transmitting a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in a wireless communication system, Memory; And a plurality of processors coupled to the memory, wherein at least one processor among the plurality of processes measures signal strength in a first slot related to PSCCH transmission, and the measured signal strength is greater than a preset threshold. Based on the large one, in the second slot, the terminal device transmits the PSSCH by avoiding the first resource region related to the feedback of the PSCCH.
  • PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
  • the first resource region includes a second resource region related to transmission of the PSFCH, and the first resource region may be derived from at least one time frequency resource of the PSCCH or the PSSCH related to the PSCCH.
  • the PSFCH may be related to at least one of the PSCCH or PSSCH related to the PSCCH.
  • At least a part of the first resource region may overlap the PSSCH and the frequency axis.
  • the first resource region may further include a guard period.
  • the signal strength may correspond to RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
  • the threshold may be determined according to a quality of service (QoS) index.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the threshold may be signaled through PSCCH.
  • Measurement of the signal strength may be performed without decoding the PSCCH.
  • Measurement of the signal strength may be performed after the decoding of the PSCCH fails.
  • the terminal is included in the autonomous vehicle or autonomous vehicle, a terminal device.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle according to embodiment (s).
  • FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a vehicle according to embodiment (s).
  • FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of an autonomous driving device according to the embodiment (s).
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an autonomous driving device according to the embodiment (s).
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the interior of a vehicle according to the embodiment (s).
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram referred to for describing a cabin system for a vehicle according to embodiment (s).
  • FIG 7 shows the structure of an LTE system to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a user plane to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 9 shows a radio protocol structure for a control plane to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 10 shows the structure of an NR system to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG 11 shows functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 12 shows a structure of a radio frame of NR to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 13 shows a slot structure of an NR frame to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • a method in which a transmission resource of a next packet is also reserved may be used for selection of a transmission resource.
  • 16 shows an example of physical layer processing at a transmission side to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG 17 shows an example of physical layer processing at the receiving side to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 19 shows an SS / PBCH block to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 20 is a diagram for explaining a method of obtaining timing information to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 21 is a diagram for explaining a process of obtaining system information to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 22 is a diagram for explaining a random access procedure to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the threshold of SS block to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 24 is a diagram for explaining beam switching in PRACH retransmission to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 25 to 26 show a parity check matrix to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 27 shows an encoder structure for a polar code to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 29 shows a UE RRC state transition to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 30 shows a state transition between NR / NGC and E-UTRAN / EPC to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 31 is a diagram for explaining DRX to which embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • 33 and 36 are flowcharts for describing one embodiment (s).
  • 37 to 43 are diagrams for explaining various devices to which the embodiment (s) can be applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a vehicle according to an embodiment.
  • a vehicle 10 is defined as a transportation means traveling on a road or a track.
  • the vehicle 10 is a concept including an automobile, a train, and a motorcycle.
  • the vehicle 10 may be a concept including both an internal combustion engine vehicle having an engine as a power source, a hybrid vehicle having an engine and an electric motor as a power source, and an electric vehicle having an electric motor as a power source.
  • the vehicle 10 may be a vehicle owned by an individual.
  • the vehicle 10 may be a shared vehicle.
  • the vehicle 10 may be an autonomous vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment.
  • the vehicle 10 includes a user interface device 200, an object detection device 210, a communication device 220, a driving operation device 230, a main ECU 240, and a driving control device 250 ), An autonomous driving device 260, a sensing unit 270, and a location data generating device 280.
  • Each of 280 may be implemented as an electronic device that generates electrical signals and exchanges electrical signals with each other.
  • the user interface device 200 is a device for communication between the vehicle 10 and a user.
  • the user interface device 200 may receive user input and provide information generated in the vehicle 10 to the user.
  • the vehicle 10 may implement a user interface (UI) or a user experience (UX) through the user interface device 200.
  • the user interface device 200 may include an input device, an output device, and a user monitoring device.
  • the object detection device 210 may generate information about an object outside the vehicle 10.
  • the information on the object may include at least one of information on the presence or absence of the object, location information of the object, distance information between the vehicle 10 and the object, and relative speed information between the vehicle 10 and the object. .
  • the object detection device 210 may detect an object outside the vehicle 10.
  • the object detection device 210 may include at least one sensor capable of detecting an object outside the vehicle 10.
  • the object detection device 210 may include at least one of a camera, a radar, a lidar, an ultrasonic sensor, and an infrared sensor.
  • the object detection device 210 may provide data on an object generated based on a sensing signal generated by the sensor to at least one electronic device included in the vehicle.
  • the camera may generate information about an object outside the vehicle 10 using an image.
  • the camera may include at least one lens, at least one image sensor, and at least one processor that is electrically connected to the image sensor and processes a received signal, and generates data for an object based on the processed signal.
  • the camera may be at least one of a mono camera, a stereo camera, and an AVM (Around View Monitoring) camera.
  • the camera may acquire position information of an object, distance information of an object, or relative speed information of an object using various image processing algorithms. For example, in the acquired image, the camera may acquire distance information and relative speed information with an object based on a change in object size over time. For example, the camera may acquire distance information and relative speed information with an object through a pin hole model, road surface profiling, and the like. For example, the camera may acquire distance information and relative speed information with an object based on disparity information in a stereo image obtained from a stereo camera.
  • the camera may be mounted at a position capable of securing a field of view (FOV) in the vehicle to photograph the outside of the vehicle.
  • the camera may be placed close to the front windshield, in the interior of the vehicle, to obtain an image in front of the vehicle.
  • the camera can be placed around the front bumper or radiator grille.
  • the camera may be placed close to the rear glass, in the interior of the vehicle, to obtain an image behind the vehicle.
  • the camera can be disposed around the rear bumper, trunk or tailgate.
  • the camera may be disposed close to at least one of the side windows in the interior of the vehicle in order to acquire an image on the side of the vehicle.
  • the camera may be disposed around a side mirror, fender, or door.
  • Radar may generate information about an object outside the vehicle 10 using radio waves.
  • the radar may include at least one processor that is electrically connected to an electromagnetic wave transmitting unit, an electromagnetic wave receiving unit, and an electromagnetic wave transmitting unit and an electromagnetic wave receiving unit to process a received signal and generate data for an object based on the processed signal.
  • Radar may be implemented in a pulse radar method or a continuous wave radar method in accordance with the principle of radio wave launch.
  • the radar may be implemented by a FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) method or a FSK (Frequency Shift Keyong) method according to a signal waveform among continuous wave radar methods.
  • FMCW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave
  • FSK Frequency Shift Keyong
  • the radar detects an object based on a time of flight (TOF) method or a phase-shift method via electromagnetic waves, and detects the position of the detected object, the distance from the detected object, and the relative speed.
  • TOF time of flight
  • the radar can be placed at an appropriate location outside of the vehicle to detect objects located in front, rear, or side of the vehicle.
  • the lidar may generate information about an object outside the vehicle 10 using laser light.
  • the lidar may include at least one processor that is electrically connected to the optical transmitter, the optical receiver, and the optical transmitter and the optical receiver to process the received signal and generate data for the object based on the processed signal. .
  • the lidar may be implemented in a time of flight (TOF) method or a phase-shift method.
  • the lidar can be implemented as driven or non-driven. When implemented as a driving type, the rider is rotated by a motor and can detect objects around the vehicle 10. When implemented in a non-driven manner, the rider can detect an object located within a predetermined range relative to the vehicle by light steering.
  • the vehicle 100 may include a plurality of non-driven lidars.
  • the rider detects an object based on a time-of-flight (TOF) method or a phase-shift method using a laser light medium, and detects the position of the detected object, the distance to the detected object, and the relative speed. Can be detected.
  • the lidar can be placed at a suitable location outside of the vehicle to detect objects located in the front, rear or side of the vehicle.
  • the communication device 220 can exchange signals with a device located outside the vehicle 10.
  • the communication device 220 may exchange signals with at least one of an infrastructure (eg, a server, a broadcasting station), another vehicle, and a terminal.
  • the communication device 220 may include at least one of a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, a radio frequency (RF) circuit capable of implementing various communication protocols, and an RF element to perform communication.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a communication device may exchange signals with an external device based on C-V2X (Cellular V2X) technology.
  • C-V2X technology may include LTE-based sidelink communication and / or NR-based sidelink communication. Details related to C-V2X will be described later.
  • DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications
  • WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment
  • DSRC (or WAVE standard) technology is a communication standard designed to provide ITS (Intelligent Transport System) service through dedicated short-range communication between in-vehicle devices or roadside devices and in-vehicle devices.
  • the DSRC technology may use a frequency of 5.9 GHz band, and may be a communication method having a data transmission rate of 3 Mbps to 27 Mbps.
  • IEEE 802.11p technology can be combined with IEEE 1609 technology to support DSRC technology (or WAVE standard).
  • the communication device can exchange signals with an external device using either C-V2X technology or DSRC technology.
  • the communication device may exchange signals with an external device by hybridizing C-V2X technology and DSRC technology.
  • the driving manipulation device 230 is a device that receives a user input for driving. In the manual mode, the vehicle 10 may be driven based on a signal provided by the driving manipulation device 230.
  • the driving manipulation device 230 may include a steering input device (eg, steering wheel), an acceleration input device (eg, an accelerator pedal), and a brake input device (eg, a brake pedal).
  • the main ECU 240 may control the overall operation of at least one electronic device provided in the vehicle 10.
  • the driving control device 250 is a device that electrically controls various vehicle driving devices in the vehicle 10.
  • the drive control device 250 may include a power train drive control device, a chassis drive control device, a door / window drive control device, a safety device drive control device, a lamp drive control device, and an air conditioning drive control device.
  • the power train drive control device may include a power source drive control device and a transmission drive control device.
  • the chassis drive control device may include a steering drive control device, a brake drive control device, and a suspension drive control device.
  • the safety device drive control device may include a seat belt drive control device for seat belt control.
  • the drive control device 250 includes at least one electronic control device (eg, a control electronic control unit (ECU)).
  • ECU control electronic control unit
  • the ball control device 250 may control the vehicle driving device based on the signal received from the autonomous driving device 260.
  • the control device 250 may control the power train, steering device, and brake device based on the signal received from the autonomous driving device 260.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may generate a path for autonomous driving based on the acquired data.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may generate a driving plan for driving along the generated route.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may generate a signal for controlling the movement of the vehicle according to the driving plan.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may provide the generated signal to the driving control device 250.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may implement at least one ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) function.
  • ADAS includes Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), Foward Collision Warning (FCW), Lane Keeping Assist (LKA) ), Lane Change Assist (LCA), Target Following Assist (TFA), Blind Spot Detection (BSD), Adaptive High Beam Assist (HBA) , Auto Parking System (APS), PD collision warning system (TSR), Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR), Traffic Sign Assist System (TSA), Night Vision System (NV: Night Vision), a driver status monitoring system (DSM: Driver Status Monitoring) and a traffic jam support system (TJA: Traffic Jam Assist) may be implemented.
  • ACC Adaptive Cruise Control
  • AEB Autonomous Emergency Braking
  • FCW Foward Collision Warning
  • LKA Lane Keeping Assist
  • LKA Lane Change Assist
  • LKA Lane Change Assist
  • TFA Target Following As
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may perform a switching operation from an autonomous driving mode to a manual driving mode or a switching operation from a manual driving mode to an autonomous driving mode. For example, the autonomous driving device 260 switches the mode of the vehicle 10 from the autonomous driving mode to the manual driving mode or the autonomous driving mode in the manual driving mode based on a signal received from the user interface device 200. You can switch to
  • the sensing unit 270 may sense the state of the vehicle.
  • the sensing unit 270 includes an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a tilt sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, and a vehicle It may include at least one of a forward / reverse sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, and a pedal position sensor.
  • the inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor may include at least one of an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, and a magnetic sensor.
  • the sensing unit 270 may generate state data of the vehicle based on signals generated by at least one sensor.
  • the vehicle status data may be information generated based on data detected by various sensors provided in the vehicle.
  • the sensing unit 270 includes vehicle attitude data, vehicle motion data, vehicle yaw data, vehicle roll data, vehicle pitch data, vehicle collision data, vehicle direction data, vehicle angle data, vehicle speed Data, vehicle acceleration data, vehicle tilt data, vehicle forward / reverse data, vehicle weight data, battery data, fuel data, tire air pressure data, vehicle interior temperature data, vehicle interior humidity data, steering wheel rotation angle data, vehicle exterior illumination Data, pressure data applied to the accelerator pedal, pressure data applied to the brake pedal, and the like can be generated.
  • the location data generation device 280 may generate location data of the vehicle 10.
  • the location data generating device 280 may include at least one of a global positioning system (GPS) and a differential global positioning system (DGPS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • DGPS differential global positioning system
  • the location data generation device 280 may generate location data of the vehicle 10 based on a signal generated from at least one of GPS and DGPS.
  • the location data generating apparatus 280 may correct the location data based on at least one of an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) of the sensing unit 270 and a camera of the object detection apparatus 210.
  • the location data generating device 280 may be referred to as a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the vehicle 10 may include an internal communication system 50.
  • the plurality of electronic devices included in the vehicle 10 may exchange signals through the internal communication system 50. Signals may include data.
  • the internal communication system 50 may use at least one communication protocol (eg, CAN, LIN, FlexRay, MOST, Ethernet).
  • FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of an autonomous driving device according to an embodiment.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may include a memory 140, a processor 170, an interface unit 180, and a power supply unit 190.
  • the memory 140 is electrically connected to the processor 170.
  • the memory 140 may store basic data for the unit, control data for controlling the operation of the unit, and input / output data.
  • the memory 140 may store data processed by the processor 170.
  • the memory 140 may be configured in hardware at least one of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash drive, and hard drive.
  • the memory 140 may store various data for the overall operation of the autonomous driving device 260, such as a program for processing or controlling the processor 170.
  • the memory 140 may be implemented integrally with the processor 170. According to an embodiment, the memory 140 may be classified as a sub configuration of the processor 170.
  • the interface unit 180 may exchange signals with wires or wirelessly with at least one electronic device provided in the vehicle 10.
  • the interface unit 280 includes an object detection device 210, a communication device 220, a driving operation device 230, a main ECU 240, a drive control device 250, a sensing unit 270, and a location data generation device Signals may be exchanged with at least one of 280 by wire or wireless.
  • the interface unit 280 may be configured as at least one of a communication module, terminal, pin, cable, port, circuit, element, and device.
  • the power supply unit 190 may supply power to the autonomous driving device 260.
  • the power supply unit 190 may receive power from a power source (eg, a battery) included in the vehicle 10 and supply power to each unit of the autonomous driving device 260.
  • the power supply unit 190 may be operated according to a control signal provided from the main ECU 240.
  • the power supply unit 190 may include a switched-mode power supply (SMPS).
  • SMPS switched-mode power supply
  • the processor 170 is electrically connected to the memory 140, the interface unit 280, and the power supply unit 190 to exchange signals.
  • the processor 170 includes application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, and controllers It may be implemented using at least one of (controllers), micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • processors and controllers It may be implemented using at least one of (controllers), micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions.
  • the processor 170 may be driven by power provided from the power supply unit 190.
  • the processor 170 may receive data, process data, generate a signal, and provide a signal while the power is supplied by the power supply unit 190.
  • the processor 170 may receive information from another electronic device in the vehicle 10 through the interface unit 180.
  • the processor 170 may provide a control signal to another electronic device in the vehicle 10 through the interface unit 180.
  • the autonomous driving device 260 may include at least one printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the memory 140, the interface unit 180, the power supply unit 190, and the processor 170 may be electrically connected to a printed circuit board.
  • the processor 170 may perform a reception operation.
  • the processor 170 through the interface unit 180, receives data from at least one of the object detection device 210, the communication device 220, the sensing unit 270, and the location data generation device 280. Can be.
  • the processor 170 may receive object data from the object detection device 210.
  • the processor 170 may receive HD map data from the communication device 220.
  • the processor 170 may receive vehicle status data from the sensing unit 270.
  • the processor 170 may receive location data from the location data generating device 280.
  • the processor 170 may perform a processing / judgment operation.
  • the processor 170 may perform a processing / judgment operation based on the driving situation information.
  • the processor 170 may perform a processing / determination operation based on at least one of object data, HD map data, vehicle status data, and location data.
  • the processor 170 may generate driving plan data.
  • the processor 1700 may generate electronic horizon data.
  • the electronic horizon data is understood as driving plan data within a range from a point where the vehicle 10 is located to a horizon.
  • the horizon may be understood as a point in front of a predetermined distance from a point where the vehicle 10 is located, based on a preset driving route. It may mean a point from which the vehicle 10 can reach after a predetermined time.
  • the electronic horizon data may include horizon map data and horizon pass data.
  • the horizon map data may include at least one of topology data, road data, HD map data, and dynamic data.
  • the horizon map data may include a plurality of layers.
  • the horizon map data may include one layer matching topology data, a second layer matching road data, a third layer matching HD map data, and a fourth layer matching dynamic data.
  • the horizon map data may further include static object data.
  • Topology data can be described as a map created by connecting road centers.
  • the topology data is suitable for roughly indicating the position of the vehicle, and may be mainly in the form of data used in navigation for drivers.
  • the topology data may be understood as data on road information from which information on a lane is excluded.
  • the topology data may be generated based on data received from an external server through the communication device 220.
  • the topology data may be based on data stored in at least one memory provided in the vehicle 10.
  • the road data may include at least one of road slope data, road curvature data, and road speed data.
  • the road data may further include overtaking prohibited section data.
  • Road data may be based on data received from an external server through the communication device 220.
  • Road data may be based on data generated by the object detection device 210.
  • the HD map data includes detailed lane-level topology information of each road, connection information of each lane, and feature information (eg, traffic signs, Lane Marking / Properties, Road furniture, etc.) for localization of vehicles. Can be.
  • the HD map data may be based on data received from an external server through the communication device 220.
  • the dynamic data may include various dynamic information that may be generated on the road.
  • the dynamic data may include construction information, variable speed lane information, road surface state information, traffic information, moving object information, and the like.
  • the dynamic data may be based on data received from an external server through the communication device 220.
  • the dynamic data may be based on data generated by the object detection device 210.
  • the processor 170 may provide map data within a range from a point where the vehicle 10 is located to a horizon.
  • the horizon pass data may be described as a trajectory that the vehicle 10 can take within the range from the point where the vehicle 10 is located to the horizon.
  • the horizon pass data may include data indicating a relative probability of selecting any one road at a decision point (eg, forked road, branch point, intersection, etc.). Relative probability can be calculated based on the time it takes to reach the final destination. For example, in the decision point, if the first road is selected, when the time to reach the final destination is smaller than when selecting the second road, the probability of selecting the first road is greater than the probability of selecting the second road. It can be calculated higher.
  • Horizon pass data may include a main pass and a sub pass.
  • the main pass can be understood as a track connecting roads with a relatively high probability of being selected.
  • the sub-pass may branch at at least one decision point on the main pass.
  • the sub-pass may be understood as an orbit connecting at least one road having a relatively low probability of being selected from at least one decision point on the main pass.
  • the processor 170 may perform a control signal generation operation.
  • the processor 170 may generate a control signal based on the electronic horizon data.
  • the processor 170 may generate at least one of a powertrain control signal, a brake device control signal, and a steering device control signal based on the electronic horizon data.
  • the processor 170 may transmit the generated control signal to the driving control device 250 through the interface unit 180.
  • the drive control device 250 may transmit a control signal to at least one of the power train 251, the brake device 252, and the steering device 253.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the interior of a vehicle according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram referred to for describing a cabin system for a vehicle according to an embodiment.
  • a vehicle cabin system 300 (hereinafter, a cabin system) may be defined as a convenience system for a user using the vehicle 10.
  • Cabin system 300 may be described as a top-level system including display system 350, cargo system 355, seat system 360 and payment system 365.
  • the cabin system 300 includes a main controller 370, a memory 340, an interface unit 380, a power supply unit 390, an input device 310, an imaging device 320, a communication device 330, and a display system. 350, cargo system 355, seat system 360, and payment system 365.
  • the cabin system 300 may further include other components in addition to the components described herein, or may not include some of the components described.
  • the main controller 370 is electrically connected to the input device 310, the communication device 330, the display system 350, the cargo system 355, the seat system 360, and the payment system 365 to exchange signals. can do.
  • the main controller 370 may control the input device 310, the communication device 330, the display system 350, the cargo system 355, the seat system 360 and the payment system 365.
  • the main controller 370 includes application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors (processors), It may be implemented using at least one of controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • processors processors
  • It may be implemented using at least
  • the main controller 370 may be configured with at least one sub-controller. According to an embodiment, the main controller 370 may include a plurality of sub-controllers. Each of the plurality of sub-controllers may individually control devices and systems included in the grouped cabin system 300. The devices and systems included in the cabin system 300 may be grouped by function or grouped based on a seat that can be seated.
  • the main controller 370 may include at least one processor 371. 6, the main controller 370 is illustrated as including one processor 371, but the main controller 371 may include a plurality of processors.
  • the processor 371 may be classified as any one of the sub-controllers described above.
  • the processor 371 may receive a signal, information, or data from a user terminal through the communication device 330.
  • the user terminal may transmit signals, information, or data to the cabin system 300.
  • the processor 371 may specify a user based on image data received from at least one of an internal camera and an external camera included in the imaging device.
  • the processor 371 may specify a user by applying an image processing algorithm to image data.
  • the processor 371 may compare the information received from the user terminal with image data to identify the user.
  • the information may include at least one of a user's route information, body information, passenger information, luggage information, location information, preferred content information, preferred food information, disability information, and usage history information. .
  • the main controller 370 may include an artificial intelligence agent 372.
  • the AI agent 372 may perform machine learning based on data acquired through the input device 310.
  • the AI agent 372 may control at least one of the display system 350, the cargo system 355, the seat system 360, and the payment system 365 based on the machine-learned results.
  • the memory 340 is electrically connected to the main controller 370.
  • the memory 340 may store basic data for the unit, control data for controlling the operation of the unit, and input / output data.
  • the memory 340 may store data processed by the main controller 370.
  • the memory 340 may be configured in hardware at least one of a ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash drive, and hard drive.
  • the memory 340 may store various data for operations of the cabin system 300 in general, such as a program for processing or controlling the main controller 370.
  • the memory 340 may be implemented integrally with the main controller 370.
  • the interface unit 380 may exchange signals with wires or wirelessly with at least one electronic device provided in the vehicle 10.
  • the interface unit 380 may be configured as at least one of a communication module, terminal, pin, cable, port, circuit, element, and device.
  • the power supply unit 390 may supply power to the cabin system 300.
  • the power supply unit 390 may receive power from a power source (eg, a battery) included in the vehicle 10 and supply power to each unit of the cabin system 300.
  • the power supply unit 390 may operate according to a control signal provided from the main controller 370.
  • the power supply unit 390 may be implemented as a switched-mode power supply (SMPS).
  • SMPS switched-mode power supply
  • the cabin system 300 may include at least one printed circuit board (PCB).
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the main controller 370, the memory 340, the interface unit 380, and the power supply unit 390 may be mounted on at least one printed circuit board.
  • the input device 310 may receive a user input.
  • the input device 310 may convert a user input into an electrical signal.
  • the electrical signal converted by the input device 310 may be converted into a control signal and provided to at least one of the display system 350, the cargo system 355, the seat system 360 and the payment system 365.
  • At least one processor included in the main controller 370 or the cabin system 300 may generate a control signal based on an electrical signal received from the input device 310.
  • the input device 310 may include at least one of a touch input unit, a gesture input unit, a mechanical input unit, and a voice input unit.
  • the touch input unit may convert a user's touch input into an electrical signal.
  • the touch input unit may include at least one touch sensor to sense a user's touch input.
  • the touch input unit may be formed integrally with at least one display included in the display system 350 to implement a touch screen.
  • the touch screen may provide an input interface and an output interface between the cabin system 300 and a user.
  • the gesture input unit may convert a user's gesture input into an electrical signal.
  • the gesture input unit may include at least one of an infrared sensor and an image sensor for sensing a user's gesture input.
  • the gesture input unit may detect a user's 3D gesture input.
  • the gesture input unit may include a light output unit outputting a plurality of infrared light or a plurality of image sensors.
  • the gesture input unit may detect a user's 3D gesture input through a time of flight (TOF) method, a structured light method, or a disparity method.
  • the mechanical input unit may convert a user's physical input (eg, pressing or rotating) through a mechanical device into an electrical signal.
  • the mechanical input unit may include at least one of a button, a dome switch, a jog wheel, and a jog switch. Meanwhile, the gesture input unit and the mechanical input unit may be integrally formed.
  • the input device 310 may include a jog dial device that includes a gesture sensor and is removably formed in a portion of a peripheral structure (eg, at least one of a seat, an armrest, and a door). .
  • a jog dial device When the jog dial device is flat with the surrounding structures, the jog dial device may function as a gesture input. When the jog dial device is protruding relative to the surrounding structure, the jog dial device may function as a mechanical input.
  • the voice input unit may convert a user's voice input into an electrical signal.
  • the voice input unit may include at least one microphone.
  • the voice input unit may include a beam forming microphone (Beam foaming MIC).
  • the imaging device 320 may include at least one camera.
  • the imaging device 320 may include at least one of an internal camera and an external camera.
  • the internal camera can capture an image in the cabin.
  • the external camera can take a video outside the vehicle.
  • the internal camera can acquire an image in the cabin.
  • the imaging device 320 may include at least one internal camera. It is preferable that the imaging device 320 includes a number of cameras corresponding to the number of people who can board.
  • the imaging device 320 may provide an image acquired by an internal camera.
  • At least one processor included in the main controller 370 or the cabin system 300 detects the user's motion based on the image acquired by the internal camera, and generates a signal based on the detected motion, thereby displaying the system It may be provided to at least one of the 350, cargo system 355, seat system 360 and payment system 365.
  • the external camera may acquire an image outside the vehicle.
  • the imaging device 320 may include at least one external camera. It is preferable that the imaging device 320 includes a number of cameras corresponding to the boarding door.
  • the imaging device 320 may provide an image acquired by an external camera.
  • At least one processor included in the main controller 370 or the cabin system 300 may acquire user information based on an image acquired by an external camera.
  • At least one processor included in the main controller 370 or the cabin system 300 authenticates the user based on the user information, or the user's body information (eg, height information, weight information, etc.), the user's Passenger information, user's luggage information, and the like can be obtained.
  • the communication device 330 can exchange signals wirelessly with an external device.
  • the communication device 330 may exchange signals with an external device through a network network, or directly exchange signals with an external device.
  • the external device may include at least one of a server, a mobile terminal, and another vehicle.
  • the communication device 330 may exchange signals with at least one user terminal.
  • the communication device 330 may include at least one of an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) circuit capable of implementing at least one communication protocol, and an RF device to perform communication.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the communication device 330 may use a plurality of communication protocols.
  • the communication device 330 may switch the communication protocol according to the distance from the mobile terminal.
  • a communication device may exchange signals with an external device based on C-V2X (Cellular V2X) technology.
  • C-V2X technology may include LTE-based sidelink communication and / or NR-based sidelink communication. Details related to C-V2X will be described later.
  • DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications
  • WAVE Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment
  • DSRC (or WAVE standard) technology is a communication standard designed to provide ITS (Intelligent Transport System) service through dedicated short-range communication between in-vehicle devices or roadside devices and in-vehicle devices.
  • the DSRC technology may use a frequency of 5.9 GHz band, and may be a communication method having a data transmission rate of 3 Mbps to 27 Mbps.
  • IEEE 802.11p technology can be combined with IEEE 1609 technology to support DSRC technology (or WAVE standard).
  • the communication device can exchange signals with an external device using either C-V2X technology or DSRC technology.
  • the communication device may exchange signals with an external device by hybridizing C-V2X technology and DSRC technology.
  • the display system 350 can display a graphic object.
  • the display system 350 may include at least one display device.
  • the display system 350 may include a publicly available first display device 410 and a separately available second display device 420.
  • the first display device 410 may include at least one display 411 for outputting visual content.
  • the display 411 included in the first display device 410 is a flat panel display. It may be implemented as at least one of a curved display, a rollable display, and a flexible display.
  • the first display device 410 may include a first display 411 positioned at the rear of the sheet and removably inserted into the cabin, and a first mechanism for moving the first display 411.
  • the first display 411 may be disposed in a slot formed in the seat main frame so that it can be put in and out.
  • the first display device 410 may further include a flexible area adjustment mechanism.
  • the first display may be formed to be flexible, and the flexible area of the first display may be adjusted according to a user's location.
  • the first display device 410 may include a second display formed on a ceiling in the cabin and rollable, and a second mechanism for winding or unwinding the second display.
  • the second display may be formed to enable screen output on both sides.
  • the first display device 410 may include a third display formed on a ceiling in the cabin, flexible, and a third mechanism for bending or unfolding the third display.
  • the display system 350 may further include at least one processor that provides a control signal to at least one of the first display device 410 and the second display device 420.
  • the processor included in the display system 350 generates a control signal based on a signal received from at least one of the main controller 370, the input device 310, the imaging device 320, and the communication device 330. Can be.
  • the display area of the display included in the first display device 410 may be divided into a first area 411a and a second area 411b.
  • the first area 411a may define content as a display area.
  • the first area 411 displays at least one of entertainment content (eg, movies, sports, shopping, music, etc.), video conference, food menu, and graphic objects corresponding to the augmented reality screen. Can be.
  • the first area 411a may display a graphic object corresponding to the driving condition information of the vehicle 10.
  • the driving situation information may include at least one of object information, navigation information, and vehicle status information outside the vehicle.
  • the object information outside the vehicle may include information about the presence or absence of the object, location information of the object, distance information between the vehicle 300 and the object, and relative speed information between the vehicle 300 and the object.
  • the navigation information may include at least one of map information, set destination information, route information according to the destination setting, information on various objects on the route, lane information, and current location information of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle status information includes: vehicle attitude information, vehicle speed information, vehicle tilt information, vehicle weight information, vehicle direction information, vehicle battery information, vehicle fuel information, vehicle tire pressure information, vehicle steering information , Vehicle room temperature information, vehicle room humidity information, pedal position information, and vehicle engine temperature information.
  • the second area 411b may be defined as a user interface area.
  • the second area 411b may output an artificial intelligence agent screen.
  • the second area 411b may be located in an area divided by a sheet frame. In this case, the user can look at the content displayed on the second area 411b between the plurality of sheets.
  • the first display device 410 may provide hologram content.
  • the first display device 410 may provide hologram content for a plurality of users so that only the user who requested the content can watch the content.
  • the second display device 420 may include at least one display 421.
  • the second display device 420 may provide the display 421 at a position where only individual passengers can check the display contents.
  • the display 421 may be disposed on the arm rest of the seat.
  • the second display device 420 may display a graphic object corresponding to the user's personal information.
  • the second display device 420 may include a number of displays 421 corresponding to the number of people who can board.
  • the second display device 420 may implement a touch screen by forming a mutual layer structure with the touch sensor or being integrally formed.
  • the second display device 420 may display a graphic object for receiving a user input of seat adjustment or room temperature adjustment.
  • the cargo system 355 may provide the product to the user according to the user's request.
  • the cargo system 355 may be operated based on an electrical signal generated by the input device 310 or the communication device 330.
  • the cargo system 355 may include a cargo box.
  • the cargo box can be concealed in a part of the bottom of the sheet while the products are loaded.
  • the cargo box may be exposed as a cabin.
  • the user can select a required product among items loaded in the exposed cargo box.
  • the cargo system 355 may include a sliding moving mechanism and a product pop-up mechanism for exposing the cargo box according to user input.
  • the cargo system 355 may include a plurality of cargo boxes to provide various types of products. In the cargo box, a weight sensor for determining whether products are provided for each product may be incorporated.
  • the seat system 360 can provide a user with a customized sheet.
  • the seat system 360 may be operated based on an electrical signal generated by the input device 310 or the communication device 330.
  • the seat system 360 may adjust at least one element of the seat based on the acquired user body data.
  • the seat system 360 may include a user detection sensor (eg, a pressure sensor) to determine whether the user is seated.
  • the seat system 360 may include a plurality of seats each of which can be seated by a plurality of users. Any one of the plurality of sheets may be disposed to face at least the other. At least two users inside the cabin can sit facing each other.
  • the payment system 365 can provide a payment service to the user. Payment system 365 may be operated based on an electrical signal generated by input device 310 or communication device 330. The payment system 365 may calculate a price for at least one service used by the user and request that the calculated price be paid.
  • a wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
  • Examples of the multiple access system include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA).
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • MC multi-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • a sidelink refers to a communication method in which a direct link is established between user equipments (UEs) to directly exchange voice or data between terminals without going through a base station (BS).
  • the side link is considered as one method to solve the burden of the base station due to the rapidly increasing data traffic.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything means a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-built objects through wired / wireless communication.
  • V2X can be divided into four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P).
  • V2X communication may be provided through a PC5 interface and / or a Uu interface.
  • RAT radio access technology
  • NR new radio
  • V2X Vehicle-to-everything
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
  • TDMA may be implemented with radio technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM) / general packet radio service (GPRS) / enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE).
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • EDGE enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
  • OFDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA).
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • IEEE 802-20 and Evolved UTRA
  • IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e, and provides backward compatibility with a system based on IEEE 802.16e.
  • UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).
  • 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA), adopts OFDMA in the downlink and SC in the uplink -Adopt FDMA.
  • LTE-A (advanced) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.
  • 5G NR is the successor to LTE-A, and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability.
  • 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to medium frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.
  • LTE-A or 5G NR is mainly described, but the technical idea is not limited thereto.
  • E-UTRAN Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) 20 that provides a control plane and a user plane to the terminal 10.
  • the terminal 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), and a wireless device.
  • the base station 20 refers to a fixed station communicating with the terminal 10, and may be referred to as other terms such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), and an access point.
  • eNB evolved-NodeB
  • BTS base transceiver system
  • the base stations 20 may be connected to each other through an X2 interface.
  • the base station 20 is connected to an EPC (Evolved Packet Core, 30) through an S1 interface, and more specifically, a mobility management entity (MME) through an S1-MME and a serving gateway (S-GW) through an S1-U.
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core, 30
  • MME mobility management entity
  • S-GW serving gateway
  • EPC 30 is composed of MME, S-GW and P-GW (Packet Data Network-Gateway).
  • the MME has information about the access information of the terminal or the capability of the terminal, and this information is mainly used for mobility management of the terminal.
  • S-GW is a gateway with E-UTRAN as an endpoint
  • P-GW is a gateway with PDN as an endpoint.
  • the layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network are based on the lower three layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model, which is widely known in communication systems, L1 (first layer), It can be divided into L2 (second layer) and L3 (third layer).
  • OSI Open System Interconnection
  • the physical layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical channel
  • the radio resource control (RRC) layer located in the third layer is a radio resource between the terminal and the network. It plays a role of controlling.
  • the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.
  • FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a user plane to which the present invention can be applied.
  • the user plane is a protocol stack for transmitting user data
  • the control plane is a protocol stack for transmitting control signals.
  • a physical layer provides an information transmission service to an upper layer using a physical channel.
  • the physical layer is connected to the upper layer of the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer through a transport channel. Data moves between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transmission channels are classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface.
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the physical channel can be modulated by an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method, and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the MAC layer provides a service to a radio link control (RLC) layer, which is an upper layer, through a logical channel.
  • RLC radio link control
  • the MAC layer provides a mapping function from a plurality of logical channels to a plurality of transport channels.
  • the MAC layer provides a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping from a plurality of logical channels to a single number of transport channels.
  • the MAC sub-layer provides data transmission services on logical channels.
  • the RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs.
  • the RLC layer In order to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer has a transparent mode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledgment mode (Acknowledged Mode). , AM).
  • TM transparent mode
  • UM unacknowledged mode
  • Acknowledged Mode Acknowledged Mode
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the RRC layer is responsible for control of logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in connection with configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers.
  • RB means a logical path provided by the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layer (MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.
  • the functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the user plane include the transfer of user data, header compression, and ciphering.
  • the functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the control plane include transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.
  • Setting RB means a process of defining characteristics of a radio protocol layer and a channel to provide a specific service, and setting each specific parameter and operation method.
  • the RB can be divided into two types: a signaling radio bearer (SRB) and a data radio bearer (DRB).
  • SRB is used as a channel for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane
  • DRB is used as a channel for transmitting user data in the user plane.
  • the UE When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC_CONNEDTED state, otherwise it is in the RRC_IDLE state.
  • the RRC_INACTIVE state is further defined, and the terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can release the connection with the base station while maintaining the connection with the core network.
  • Downlink transmission channels for transmitting data from a network to a terminal include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through a downlink SCH or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • SCH downlink shared channel
  • Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through a downlink SCH or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
  • MCH downlink multicast channel
  • an uplink transmission channel for transmitting data from a terminal to a network includes a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting an initial control message and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or a control message.
  • RACH random access channel
  • SCH uplink shared channel
  • Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic (MTCH). Channel).
  • BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
  • PCCH Paging Control Channel
  • CCCH Common Control Channel
  • MCCH Multicast Control Channel
  • MTCH Multicast Traffic
  • the physical channel is composed of several OFDM symbols in the time domain and several sub-carriers in the frequency domain.
  • One sub-frame is composed of a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain.
  • the resource block is a resource allocation unit, and is composed of a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of sub-carriers.
  • each subframe may use specific subcarriers of specific OFDM symbols (eg, the first OFDM symbol) of the corresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), that is, an L1 / L2 control channel.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • TTI Transmission Time Interval
  • FIG. 10 shows the structure of an NR system to which the present invention can be applied.
  • the NG-RAN may include a gNB and / or eNB that provides a user plane and control plane protocol termination to a terminal.
  • 10 illustrates a case in which only the gNB is included.
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected to each other by an Xn interface.
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected through a 5G Core Network (5GC) and an NG interface.
  • 5GC 5G Core Network
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • FIG. 11 shows functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC to which the present invention can be applied.
  • gNB is an inter-cell radio resource management (Inter Cell RRM), radio bearer management (RB control), connection mobility control (Connection Mobility Control), radio admission control (Radio Admission Control), measurement settings and provision Functions such as (Measurement configuration & Provision) and dynamic resource allocation may be provided.
  • AMF can provide functions such as NAS security and idle state mobility processing.
  • UPF may provide functions such as mobility anchoring and PDU processing.
  • the Session Management Function (SMF) can provide functions such as terminal IP address allocation and PDU session control.
  • FIG. 12 shows a structure of an NR radio frame to which the present invention can be applied.
  • radio frames may be used for uplink and downlink transmission in NR.
  • the radio frame has a length of 10 ms, and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HFs).
  • the half-frame may include 5 1ms subframes (Subframes, SFs).
  • the subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in the subframe may be determined according to subcarrier spacing (SCS).
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • Each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • each slot may include 14 symbols.
  • each slot may include 12 symbols.
  • the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) and an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).
  • Table 1 shows the number of symbols per slot according to the SCS setting ( ⁇ ) when a normal CP is used ( ), The number of slots per frame ( ) And the number of slots per subframe ( ).
  • Table 2 illustrates the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to the SCS when an extended CP is used.
  • OFDM (A) numerology eg, SCS, CP length, etc.
  • a numerology eg, SCS, CP length, etc.
  • a (absolute time) section of a time resource eg, subframe, slot, or TTI
  • a time unit TU
  • FIG. 13 shows a slot structure of an NR frame to which the present invention can be applied.
  • a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes 7 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.
  • the carrier wave includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • Resource block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of (eg, 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • a BWP (Bandwidth Part) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (P) RBs in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (eg, SCS, CP length, etc.).
  • the carrier may include up to N (eg, 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through an activated BWP.
  • Each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped.
  • RE resource element
  • a method in which a transmission resource of a next packet is also reserved may be used for selection of a transmission resource.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example in which a transmission resource to which the present invention can be applied is selected.
  • two transmissions per MAC PDU may be performed.
  • a resource for retransmission may be reserved with a certain time gap.
  • the UE can grasp transmission resources reserved by other terminals or resources used by other terminals through sensing in the sensing window, and after excluding it in the selection window, random among the remaining resources with less interference Resources can be selected.
  • the UE may decode a PSCCH including information on a period of reserved resources, and measure PSSCH RSRP from resources periodically determined based on the PSCCH.
  • the UE may exclude resources in which the PSSCH RSRP value exceeds a threshold within a selection window. Thereafter, the terminal may randomly select the sidelink resource among the remaining resources in the selection window.
  • the terminal may determine the resources with little interference (for example, resources corresponding to the lower 20%) by measuring the received signal strength indication (RSSI) of periodic resources in the sensing window.
  • the terminal may randomly select a sidelink resource from among the resources included in the selection window among the periodic resources. For example, when the UE fails to decode the PSCCH, the UE may use the above method.
  • PSCCH and PSSCH are transmitted by FDM.
  • PSCCH and PSSCH can be transmitted by FDM on different frequency resources on the same time resource for this purpose.
  • the PSCCH and the PSSCH may not be directly adjacent as shown in FIG. 15 (a), and the PSCCH and the PSSCH may be directly adjacent as shown in FIG. 15 (b).
  • the basic unit of transmission is a sub-channel.
  • the sub-channel may be a resource unit having one or more RB sizes on a frequency axis on a predetermined time resource (eg, time resource unit).
  • the number of RBs included in the sub-channel (ie, the size of the sub-channel and the starting position on the frequency axis of the sub-channel) may be indicated by higher layer signaling.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 15 may be applied to NR sidelink resource allocation mode 1 or mode 2.
  • CAM Cooperative Awareness Message
  • DENM Decentralized Environmental Notification Message
  • a periodic message type CAM In inter-vehicle communication, a periodic message type CAM, an event triggered message type DENM, and the like can be transmitted.
  • the CAM may include basic vehicle information such as dynamic state information of a vehicle such as direction and speed, vehicle static data such as dimensions, external lighting conditions, and route history.
  • the size of CAM can be 50-300 bytes.
  • CAM is broadcast, and latency should be less than 100ms.
  • DENM may be a message generated in the event of a vehicle breakdown or an accident.
  • the size of DENM can be smaller than 3000 bytes, and any vehicle within the transmission range can receive the message. At this time, DENM may have a higher priority than CAM.
  • Carrier reselection for V2X / sidelink communication may be performed at the MAC layer based on CBR (Channel Busy Ratio) of the set carriers and PPPP (Prose Per-Packet Priority) of the V2X message to be transmitted.
  • CBR Channel Busy Ratio
  • PPPP Prose Per-Packet Priority
  • CBR may mean the portion of sub-channels in a resource pool in which the S-RSSI measured by the UE is detected to exceed a preset threshold.
  • the UE may select one or more of the candidate carriers in increasing order from the lowest CBR.
  • a data unit to which the present invention can be applied can be subjected to physical layer processing at a transmitting side before being transmitted through a wireless interface, and a wireless signal carrying a data unit to which the present invention can be applied is a receiving side ( receiving side).
  • 16 shows an example of physical layer processing at a transmission side to which the present invention can be applied.
  • Table 3 may indicate a mapping relationship between an uplink transport channel and a physical channel
  • Table 4 may indicate a mapping relationship between uplink control channel information and a physical channel.
  • Table 5 may indicate a mapping relationship between a downlink transport channel and a physical channel
  • Table 6 may indicate a mapping relationship between downlink control channel information and a physical channel.
  • Table 7 may indicate a mapping relationship between a sidelink transmission channel and a physical channel
  • Table 8 may indicate a mapping relationship between sidelink control channel information and a physical channel.
  • the transmitting side may perform encoding on a transport block (TB).
  • Data and control streams from the MAC layer can be encoded to provide transport and control services over a radio transmission link at the PHY layer.
  • TB from the MAC layer can be encoded as a codeword at the transmitting side.
  • the channel coding scheme may be a combination of error detection, error correcting, rate matching, interleaving, and control information or transport channels separated from physical channels.
  • the channel coding scheme may be a combination of error detection, error correcting, rate matching, interleaving and control information mapped on a physical channel or a transmission channel. have.
  • the following channel coding scheme can be used for different types of transport channels and different types of control information.
  • the channel coding scheme for each transmission channel type may be as shown in Table 9.
  • the channel coding scheme for each control information type may be as shown in Table 10.
  • Control information Channel coding method DCI Polar code SCI UCI Block code, Polar code
  • the transmitting side may attach a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) sequence to the TB.
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • the transmitting side can provide error detection to the receiving side.
  • the transmitting side may be a transmitting terminal, and the receiving side may be a receiving terminal.
  • a communication device may use LDPC codes to encode / decode UL-SCH, DL-SCH, and the like.
  • the NR system can support two LDPC base graphs (ie, two LDPC base metrics).
  • the two LDPC base graphs can be LDPC base graph 1 optimized for small TB and LDPC base graph for large TB.
  • the transmitting side may select the LDPC base graph 1 or 2 based on the size and coding rate (R) of TB.
  • the coding rate may be indicated by a modulation coding scheme (MCS) index (I_MCS).
  • MCS index may be dynamically provided to the UE by PDCCH scheduling PUSCH or PDSCH.
  • the MCS index may be dynamically provided to the UE by a PDCCH that (re) initializes or activates UL configured grant 2 or DL SPS.
  • the MCS index may be provided to the UE by RRC signaling associated with UL configured grant type 1.
  • the transmitting side may divide the TB with the CRC attached into a plurality of code blocks. And, the transmitting side may attach additional CRC sequences to each code block.
  • the maximum code block size for LDPC base graph 1 and LDPC base graph 2 may be 8448 bits and 3480 bits, respectively. If the TB with the CRC attached is not larger than the maximum code block size for the selected LDPC base graph, the transmitting side may encode the TB with the CRC attached to the selected LDPC base graph.
  • the transmitting side can encode each code block of TB into a selected LDPC basic graph. And, LDPC coded blocks can be individually rate matched.
  • Code block connection may be performed to generate a codeword for transmission on the PDSCH or PUSCH.
  • PDSCH up to two codewords (ie, up to two TBs) can be transmitted simultaneously on the PDSCH.
  • PUSCH may be used for transmission of UL-SCH data and layer 1 and / or 2 control information.
  • layer 1 and / or 2 control information may be multiplexed with a codeword for UL-SCH data.
  • the transmitting side may perform scrambling and modulation on the codeword.
  • the bits of the codeword can be scrambled and modulated to produce a block of complex-valued modulation symbols.
  • the transmitting side may perform layer mapping.
  • the complex value modulation symbols of the codeword may be mapped to one or more multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layers.
  • Codewords can be mapped to up to four layers.
  • the PDSCH can carry two codewords, so the PDSCH can support up to 8-layer transmission.
  • the PUSCH can support a single codeword, and thus the PUSCH can support up to 4-ator transmission.
  • the transmitting side may perform precoding conversion.
  • the downlink transmission waveform may be general OFDM using a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • transform precoding ie, discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the uplink transmission waveform may be conventional OFDM using a CP having a transform precoding function that performs DFT spreading that can be disabled or enabled.
  • transform precoding can be selectively applied.
  • the transform precoding may be to spread uplink data in a special way to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the waveform.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • the transform precoding may be a form of DFT. That is, the NR system can support two options for the uplink waveform. One may be CP-OFDM (same as a DL waveform), and the other may be DFT-s-OFDM. Whether the UE should use CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM can be determined by the base station through RRC parameters.
  • the transmitting side may perform subcarrier mapping. Layers can be mapped to antenna ports.
  • a transparent manner (non-codebook based) mapping may be supported, and how beamforming or MIMO precoding is performed may be transparent to the UE. have.
  • both non-codebook-based mapping and codebook-based mapping can be supported.
  • the transmitting side can map complex-valued modulation symbols to subcarriers in a resource block allocated to the physical channel. have.
  • the transmitting side may perform OFDM modulation.
  • the communication device of the transmitting side adds CP and performs IFFT, so that the time-continuous OFDM baseband signal on the antenna port p and the subcarrier spacing setting for the OFDM symbol l in the TTI for the physical channel (u ).
  • the communication device on the transmitting side can perform an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) on a complex-valued modulation symbol (MAP) mapped to a resource block of the corresponding OFDM symbol.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • MAP complex-valued modulation symbol
  • the communication device on the transmitting side can add CP to the IFFT signal to generate the OFDM baseband signal.
  • the transmitting side may perform up-conversion.
  • the communication device on the transmitting side can up-convert the OFDM baseband signal, the subcarrier spacing setting (u) and the OFDM symbol (l) for the antenna port (p) to the carrier frequency (f0) of the cell to which the physical channel is assigned. .
  • the processors 9011 and 9021 of FIG. 23 may be configured to perform encoding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding transformation (for uplink), subcarrier mapping and OFDM modulation.
  • 17 shows an example of physical layer processing at a receiving side to which the present invention can be applied.
  • the physical layer processing at the receiving side may be basically the reverse processing of the physical layer processing at the transmitting side.
  • the receiving side may perform frequency down-conversion.
  • the communication device at the reception side may receive an RF signal having a carrier frequency through an antenna.
  • the transceivers 9013 and 9023 that receive the RF signal at the carrier frequency may downconvert the carrier frequency of the RF signal to the baseband to obtain the OFDM baseband signal.
  • the receiving side may perform OFDM demodulation.
  • the communication device on the receiving side can obtain a complex-valued modulation symbol through CP separation and FFT. For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device on the receiving side can remove the CP from the OFDM baseband signal. Then, the communication device at the receiving side performs FFT on the CP-removed OFDM baseband signal to obtain complex value modulation symbols for the antenna port (p), subcarrier spacing (u), and OFDM symbol (l). Can be.
  • the receiving side may perform subcarrier demapping.
  • Subcarrier demapping may be performed on complex value modulated symbols to obtain complex value modulated symbols of the corresponding physical channel.
  • the processor of the terminal may obtain a complex value modulation symbol mapped to a subcarrier belonging to the PDSCH among complex value modulation symbols received in a bandwidth part (BWP).
  • BWP bandwidth part
  • the receiving side may perform transform de-precoding.
  • transform de-precoding eg, IDFT
  • IDFT a complex value modulated symbol of an uplink physical channel.
  • transform de-precoding may not be performed.
  • step S114 the receiving side may perform layer demapping. Complex-valued modulation symbols can be demapped into one or two codewords.
  • the receiving side may perform demodulation and descrambling.
  • the complex value modulation symbol of the codeword can be demodulated and descrambled with bits of the codeword.
  • the receiving side may perform decoding.
  • the codeword can be decoded into TB.
  • LDPC base graphs 1 or 2 can be selected based on the size and coding rate (R) of TB.
  • the codeword may include one or more coded blocks. Each coded block may be decoded into a code block with a CRC attached to a selected LDPC base graph or a TB with a CRC attached. If code block segmentation is performed on the TB where the CRC is attached at the transmitting side, the CRC sequence can be removed from each of the code blocks where the CRC is attached, and code blocks can be obtained.
  • the code block may be connected to the TB where the CRC is attached.
  • the TB CRC sequence can be removed from the TB to which the CRC is attached, whereby the TB can be obtained.
  • TB can be delivered to the MAC layer.
  • the processors 9011 and 9021 of FIG. 22 may be configured to perform OFDM demodulation, subcarrier demapping, layer demapping, demodulation, descrambling and decoding.
  • time and frequency domain resources eg, OFDM symbols, subcarriers, and carrier frequencies
  • OFDM modulation e.g., OFDM symbols, subcarriers, and carrier frequencies
  • frequency up / down conversion related to subcarrier mapping are allocated to resources (eg For example, it may be determined based on uplink grand and downlink allocation.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiples access
  • ISI inter symbol interference
  • ICI inter carrier interference
  • SLSS sidelink synchronization signal
  • MIB-SL-V2X master information block-sidelink-V2X
  • RLC radio link control
  • a terminal may be synchronized to GNSS non-indirectly through a terminal (in network coverage or out of network coverage) synchronized directly to GNSS (global navigation satellite systems) or directly to GNSS. Can be.
  • the UE may calculate the DFN and subframe number using Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and (Pre) set DFN (Direct Frame Number) offset.
  • UTC Coordinated Universal Time
  • Pre Pre
  • the terminal may be synchronized directly with the base station or with other terminals time / frequency synchronized to the base station.
  • the base station may be an eNB or gNB.
  • the terminal may receive synchronization information provided by the base station, and may be directly synchronized with the base station. Thereafter, the terminal may provide synchronization information to other adjacent terminals.
  • the base station timing is set as a synchronization criterion, the terminal is a cell associated with a corresponding frequency (if within the cell coverage at the frequency), a primary cell or a serving cell (if outside the cell coverage at the frequency) for synchronization and downlink measurement ).
  • the base station may provide synchronization settings for carriers used for V2X / sidelink communication.
  • the terminal may follow the synchronization setting received from the base station. If the UE does not detect any cell on the carrier used for the V2X / sidelink communication, and does not receive synchronization settings from the serving cell, the UE can follow the preset synchronization settings.
  • the terminal may be synchronized to another terminal that has not directly or indirectly obtained synchronization information from the base station or GNSS.
  • the synchronization source and preference may be preset to the terminal.
  • the synchronization source and preference may be set through a control message provided by the base station.
  • the sidelink synchronization source can be associated with the synchronization priority.
  • the relationship between the synchronization source and synchronization priority may be defined as shown in Table 11.
  • Table 11 is only an example, and the relationship between the synchronization source and the synchronization priority may be defined in various forms.
  • GNSS-based synchronization Base station based synchronization (eNB / gNB-based synchronization) P0 GNSS Base station P1 All terminals synchronized directly to GNSS All terminals synchronized directly to the base station P2 All terminals indirectly synchronized to GNSS All terminals indirectly synchronized to the base station P3 All other terminals GNSS P4 N / A All terminals synchronized directly to GNSS P5 N / A All terminals indirectly synchronized to GNSS P6 N / A All other terminals
  • Whether to use GNSS-based synchronization or base station-based synchronization may be set in advance.
  • the terminal can derive the transmission timing of the terminal from the available synchronization criteria with the highest priority.
  • GNSS, eNB, and UE may be set / selected as a synchronization (talk) reference.
  • gNB was introduced, so NR gNB can also be a synchronization reference, and it is necessary to determine the synchronization source priority of gNB.
  • the NR terminal may not implement the LTE synchronization signal detector or access the LTE carrier. (non-standalone NR UE) In this situation, the LTE terminal and the NR terminal may have different timings, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of effective allocation of resources.
  • the synchronization source / reference may be defined as a terminal that transmits a synchronization signal or a synchronization signal used to induce timing for a terminal to transmit / receive sidelink signals or induce a subframe boundary. If the UE receives the GNSS signal and derives a subframe boundary based on UTC timing derived from the GNSS, the GNSS signal or the GNSS may be a synchronization source / reference.
  • GNSS, eNB, and UE may be set / selected as a synchronization (talk) reference.
  • gNB was introduced, so NR gNB can also be a synchronization reference, and it is necessary to determine the synchronization source priority of gNB.
  • the NR terminal may not implement the LTE synchronization signal detector or access the LTE carrier. (non-standalone NR UE) In this situation, the LTE terminal and the NR terminal may have different timings, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of effective allocation of resources.
  • the synchronization source / reference may be defined as a terminal that transmits a synchronization signal or a synchronization signal used to induce timing for a terminal to transmit / receive sidelink signals or induce a subframe boundary. If the UE receives the GNSS signal and derives a subframe boundary based on UTC timing derived from the GNSS, the GNSS signal or the GNSS may be a synchronization source / reference.
  • the base station and the terminal may perform an initial access (IA) operation.
  • IA initial access
  • Cell discovery is a procedure in which the UE acquires time and frequency synchronization with a cell and detects the physical layer cell ID of the cell.
  • the UE receives the following synchronization signal (SS), the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) to perform cell discovery.
  • SS synchronization signal
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • the UE receives the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), PSS and SSS at consecutive symbols, and forms an SS / PBCH block.
  • the UE should assume that the SSS, PBCH DM-RS and PBCH data have the same EPRE.
  • the UE may assume that the ratio of PSS EPRE to SSS EPRE in the SS / PBCH block of the corresponding cell is 0 dB or 3 dB.
  • the UE cell search procedure can be summarized in Table 12.
  • the synchronization signal and the PBCH block are composed of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and 3 OFDM symbols occupying 1 symbol and 127 subcarriers, respectively, and the PBCH spanning 240 subcarriers. As shown in 19, one symbol is left unused between SSSs.
  • the period of the SS / PBCH block can be configured by the network, and the time position at which the SS / PBCH block can be transmitted is determined by the subcarrier interval.
  • Polar coding is used for the PBCH.
  • the UE can assume a band-specific subcarrier spacing for the SS / PBCH block.
  • the PBCH symbol carries a unique frequency-multiplexed DMRS.
  • QPSK modulation is used for PBCH.
  • PSS sequence Is defined by the following equation (2)
  • This sequence is mapped to the physical resource shown in FIG. 19.
  • the first symbol index for the candidate SS / PBCH block is determined according to the subcarrier spacing of the SS / PBCH block as follows.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block is ⁇ 2, 8 ⁇ + 14 * n.
  • n 0, 1.
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block is ⁇ 4, 8, 16, 20 ⁇ + 28 * n.
  • n 0.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block Is ⁇ 2, 8 ⁇ + 14 * n.
  • n 0, 1.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block 0, 1.
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block is ⁇ 4, 8, 16, 20 ⁇ + 28 * n.
  • index of the first symbol of the candidate SS / PBCH block is ⁇ 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 36, 40, 44 ⁇ + 56 * n.
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8.
  • candidate SS / PBCH blocks are indexed in ascending order from 0 to L-1 in chronological order.
  • PBCH payload bit for UE when L 4 By 3 MSB of SS / PBCH block index per half frame should be determined.
  • the UE may be configured by a higher layer parameter SSB-transmitted-SIB1, which is an index of an SS / PBCH block for a UE that should not receive another signal or channel of REs overlapping with the RE corresponding to the SS / PBCH block.
  • SIB higher layer parameter
  • the UE may be configured by a higher layer parameter SSB-transmitted, which is an index of an SS / PBCH block that should not receive another signal or channel of REs overlapping with the RE corresponding to the SS / PBCH block.
  • the configuration by SSB-transmitted takes precedence over the configuration by SSB-transmitted-SIB1.
  • the UE may be configured by a higher layer parameter SSB-periodicityServingCell, which is a period of a half frame for reception of SS / PBCH blocks per serving cell, per serving cell. If the period of the half frame for reception of the SS / PBCH block is not configured to the UE, the UE should assume the period of the half frame. The UE should assume that the period is the same for all SS / PBCH blocks of the serving cell.
  • the UE may acquire 6-bit SFN information through MIB (MasterInformationBlock) received from the PBCH. Also, 4 bits of SFN may be obtained in a PBCH transport block.
  • MIB MasterInformationBlock
  • the UE can obtain a 1 bit half frame indication as part of the PBCH payload.
  • the UE can obtain the SS / PBCH block index by DMRS sequence and PBCH payload. That is, the LSB 3 bits of the SS block index are obtained by the DMRS sequence within a 5 ms period. And the MSB 3 bits of timing information are explicitly carried in the PBCH payload (for 6 GHz or higher).
  • the UE can assume that a half frame with an SS / PBCH block occurs in a period of 2 frames. Upon detection of the SS / PBCH block, the UE is And about FR2 In this case, it is determined that a control resource set for the Type0-PDCCH common search space exists. UE against FR1 If and about FR2 In this case, it is determined that there is no control resource set for the Type0-PDCCH common search space.
  • the UE For a serving cell without transmission of the SS / PBCH block, the UE acquires time and frequency synchronization of the serving cell based on reception of the SS / PBCH block on the PCell or PSCell of the cell group for the serving cell.
  • SI System information
  • MIB MasterInformationBlock
  • SIBs SystemInformationBlocks
  • -MIB MasterInformationBlock
  • SIB1 SystemInformationBlockType1
  • SIB1 SystemInformationBlockType1 is periodically and repeatedly transmitted on the DL-SCH.
  • SIB1 includes information about availability and scheduling of other SIBs (eg, periodicity, SI window size). It also indicates whether they (i.e., other SIBs) are provided on a periodic broadcast basis or on a request basis. If other SIBs are provided on a request basis, SIB1 includes information for the UE to perform the SI request.
  • SIs other than -SystemInformationBlockType1 are transmitted as SI (SystemInformation) messages transmitted through DL-SCH.
  • SI SystemInformation
  • Each SI message is transmitted in a time domain window (SI window) that occurs periodically.
  • RAN provides necessary SI through dedicated signaling. Nevertheless, the UE must acquire the MIB of PSCell to obtain the SFN timing of SCG (may be different from MCG). When the related SI for SCell changes, the RAN releases and adds the related SCell. In case of PSCell, SI can be changed only by reconfiguration through synchronization.
  • the UE acquires AS and NAS information by applying an SI acquisition procedure.
  • the procedure applies to UEs of RRC_IDLE, RRC_INACTIVE and RRC_CONNECTED.
  • UEs of RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE must have a valid version of (at least) MasterInformationBlock, SystemInformationBlockType1 and SystemInformationBlockTypeX through SystemInformationBlockTypeY (depending on the support of the relevant RAT for UE control mobility).
  • the UE of RRC_CONNECTED must have a valid version of (at least) MasterInformationBlock, SystemInformationBlockType1 and SystemInformationBlockTypeX (according to mobility support for the relevant RAT).
  • the UE should store the relevant SI obtained from the current camped cell / serving cell.
  • the version of SI that the UE acquires and stores is only valid for a specific time.
  • the UE can use this stored version of SI. For example, after reselecting a cell, returning out of coverage, or after SI change indication.
  • the random access procedure of the UE can be summarized in Table 13 and FIG. 22.
  • the UE may transmit a PRACH preamble in UL as Msg1 of a random access procedure.
  • Long sequence length 839 applies at subcarrier spacing of 1.25 and 5 kHz, and short sequence length 139 applies at subcarrier spacing of 15, 30, 60 and 120 kHz.
  • Long sequences support unrestricted sets and restricted sets of Type A and Type B, while short sequences support only unrestricted sets.
  • RACH preamble formats are defined by one or more RACH OFDM symbols and different cyclic prefix and guard times.
  • the PRACH preamble configuration to be used is provided to the UE in system information.
  • the UE may retransmit the PRACH preamble through power ramping within a preset number of times.
  • the UE calculates PRACH transmission power for retransmission of the preamble based on the most recent estimated path loss and power ramp counter. When the UE performs beam switching, the power ramping counter remains unchanged.
  • the system information informs the UE of the association between the SS block and the RACH resource.
  • 23 shows the concept of a threshold value of an SS block for RACH resource association.
  • the threshold value of the SS block for RACH resource association is based on RSRP and network configurability.
  • the transmission or retransmission of the RACH preamble is based on the SS block that satisfies the threshold.
  • the DL-SCH may provide timing alignment information, RA-preamble ID, initial UL grant, and Temporary C-RNTI.
  • the UE may perform (transmit) UL transmission through UL-SCH as Msg3 of the random access procedure.
  • Msg3 may include an RRC connection request and a UE identifier.
  • the network may send Msg4 that can be treated as a contention resolution message on the DL.
  • the UE can enter the RRC connection state.
  • Layer 1 Before starting the physical random access procedure, Layer 1 must receive a set of SS / PBCH block indexes from the upper layer and provide a corresponding RSRP measurement set to the upper layer.
  • Layer 1 Before starting the physical random access procedure, Layer 1 must receive the following information from the upper layer.
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • transmission parameter configuration PRACH preamble format, time resources, and frequency resources for PRACH transmission.
  • -Parameters for determining the root sequence and its cyclic shift in the PRACH preamble sequence set index of logical root sequence table, cyclic shift (), set type (unrestricted, restricted set A, or restricted set B)).
  • the L1 random access procedure includes the transmission of the random access preamble (Msg1) in the PRACH, the random access response (RAR) message with the PDCCH / PDSCH (Msg2), and, if applicable, the Msg3 PUSCH and PDSCH for contention resolution Includes transmission
  • the random access preamble transmission has the same subcarrier interval as the random access preamble transmission initiated by the upper layer.
  • the UE uses the UL / SUL indicator field value from the detected “PDCCH order” to transmit the corresponding random access preamble for transmission. Determine the UL carrier.
  • the upper layer configuration for PRACH transmission includes:
  • the preamble transmits power on the indicated PRACH resource. It is transmitted using the selected PRACH format.
  • the UE is provided with a number of SS / PBCH blocks associated with one PRACH occasion by the value of the upper layer parameter SSB-perRACH-Occasion.
  • the value of SSB-perRACH-Occasion is less than 1, one SS / PBCH block is mapped to SSB-per-rach-occasion, which is a 1 / continuous PRACH occasion.
  • the UE receives a plurality of preambles per SS / PBCH block by the value of the upper layer parameter cb-preamblePerSSB, and the UE determines the total number of preambles per SSB per PRACH opportunity as the product of the values of SSB-perRACH-Occasion and cb-preamblePerSSB do.
  • SS / PBCH block index is mapped to PRACH occasions in the following order
  • the order in which the time index for time multiplexed PRACH occasions in the PRACH slot increases.
  • the cycle starting from frame 0 It is the smallest period of the ⁇ 1, 2, 4 ⁇ PRACH configuration period, which is greater than or equal to, where the UE is from the upper layer parameter SSB-transmitted-SIB1 To get Is a number of SS / PBCH blocks that can be mapped to one PRACH configuration cycle.
  • the UE When the random access procedure is initiated by the PDCCH order, when the UE is requested by the upper layer, the last symbol of the PDCCH order reception and The PRACH should be transmitted on the first available PRACH occasion, which is the time between the first symbols of PRACH transmissions equal to or greater than msec. Corresponds to the PUSCH preparation time for PUSCH processing capability 1 The time interval of the symbol, and is a preset value,. In response to the PRACH transmission, the UE attempts to detect the PDCCH corresponding to the RA-RNTI during the window controlled by the upper layer.
  • the window starts at the first symbol of the initial control resource set and the UE at least after the last symbol of the preamble sequence transmission. It is configured for the symbol type Type-PDCCH common search space.
  • the window length as the number of slots, based on the subcarrier spacing for the Type0-PDCCH common search space, is provided by the higher layer parameter rar-WindowLength.
  • the UE If the UE detects the PDCCH corresponding to the RA-RNTI and the corresponding PDSCH including the DL-SCH transport block in the window, the UE delivers the transport block to a higher layer.
  • the upper layer parses the transport block for RAPID (Random Access Preamble Identity) related to PRACH transmission.
  • RAPID Random Access Preamble Identity
  • the upper layer indicates an uplink grant to the physical layer. This is called RAR (Random Access Response) UL grant in the physical layer. If the upper layer does not identify the RAPID associated with the PRACH transmission, the upper layer can instruct the physical layer to transmit the PRACH.
  • the minimum time between the last symbol of PDSCH reception and the first symbol of PRACH transmission is same as msec, where Corresponds to the PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when an additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured. It is the time period of the symbol.
  • the UE should receive the PDCCH of the corresponding PDSCH and the corresponding RA-RNTI including the DL-SCH transmission block having the same DM-RS antenna port quasi co-location attribute for the detected SS / PBCH block or the received CSI.
  • the UE attempts to detect the PDCCH corresponding to the RA-RNTI in response to the PRACH transmission initiated by the PDCCH order, the UE assumes that the PDCCH and PDCCH order have the same DM-RS antenna port quasi co-location attribute.
  • the contents of RAR UL approvals beginning with MSB and ending with LSB are given in Table 14.
  • Table 14 shows random access response grant content field sizes.
  • RAR grant field Number of bits Frequency hopping flag One Msg3 PUSCH frequency resource allocation 12 Msg3 PUSCH time resource allocation 4 MCS 4 TPC command for Msg3 PUSCH 3 CSI request One Reserved bits 3
  • Msg3 PUSCH frequency resource allocation is for uplink resource allocation type 1.
  • the bits are used as hopping information bits as described in the following [Table 14]
  • MCS is determined from the first 16 indexes of the MCS index table applicable to PUSCH
  • TPC instruction Is used to set the power of the Msg3 PUSCH and is interpreted according to Table 15.
  • Table 15 shows the TPC commands for Msg3 PUSCH.
  • the CSI request field is interpreted to determine whether an aperiodic CSI report is included in the corresponding PUSCH transmission.
  • the CSI request field is reserved.
  • the UE receives the subsequent PDSCH using the same subcarrier interval as the PDSCH reception providing the RAR message.
  • the UE If the UE does not detect the PDCCH in the window using the corresponding RA-RNTI and the corresponding DL-SCH transport block, the UE performs a random access response reception failure procedure.
  • the UE may perform power ramping for retransmission of the random access preamble based on the power ramping counter.
  • the UE when the UE retransmits the random access preamble for the same beam, the UE may increase the power ramping counter by 1. However, even if the beam is changed, the power lamp counter is not changed.
  • the upper layer parameter msg3-tp indicates whether the UE should apply transform precoding for Msg3 PUSCH transmission.
  • the frequency offset for the second hop is given in Table 16. Table 16 shows the frequency offset for the second hop for Msg3 PUSCH transmission with frequency hopping.
  • the subcarrier interval for Msg3 PUSCH transmission is provided by the upper layer parameter msg3-scs.
  • the UE must transmit PRACH and Msg3 PUSCH on the same uplink carrier of the same serving cell.
  • UL BWP for Msg3 PUSCH transmission is indicated by SystemInformationBlockType1.
  • the minimum time between the last symbol of PDSCH reception carrying RAR for the UE and the first symbol of the corresponding Msg3 PUSCH transmission scheduled by RAR of PDSCH is Same as msec.
  • the PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when an additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured Is the time period of the symbol, Is a time interval of a symbol corresponding to PUSCH preparation time for PUSCH processing capability 1, Is the maximum timing adjustment value that can be provided in the RAR's TA command field.
  • the UE In response to the Msg3 PUSCH transmission when the C-RNTI is not provided to the UE, the UE attempts to detect the PDCCH with TC-RNTI scheduling the PDSCH including the UE contention ID. In response to receiving the PDSCH through the UE contention cancellation ID, the UE transmits HARQ-ACK information on the PUCCH.
  • the minimum time between the last symbol of PDSCH reception and the first symbol of the corresponding HARQ-ACK transmission is Same as msec. Is a time period of a symbol corresponding to PDSCH reception time for PDSCH processing capability 1 when an additional PDSCH DM-RS is configured.
  • the channel coding scheme for one embodiment is mainly (1) LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) coding scheme for data, and (2) Polar coding for control information, repeat coding / simplex coding / Reed-Muller coding Includes coding scheme.
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check
  • the network / UE can perform LDPC coding for PDSCH / PUSCH with two basic graph (BG) support.
  • BG1 is the mother code rate 1/3
  • BG2 is the mother code rate 1/5.
  • control information For coding of control information, iterative coding / simplex coding / Reed-Muller coding can be supported. If the control information has a length longer than 11 bits, a polar coding scheme can be used. For DL, the mother code size may be 512, and for UL, the mother code size may be 1024. Table 17 summarizes the coding method of uplink control information.
  • Uplink Control Information size including CRC, if present Channel code
  • a polar coding scheme can be used for the PBCH.
  • This coding scheme may be the same as in PDCCH.
  • the LDPC coding structure is described in detail.
  • the LDPC code is a (n, k) linear block code defined by a null space of (n, k) xspars parity check matrix H.
  • the parity check matrix is represented as a prototype graph as shown in FIG. 25 below.
  • a quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC code is used.
  • the parity check matrix is an mxn array of ZxZ cyclic permutation matrices.
  • 26 shows an example of a parity check matrix based on a 4-4 cyclic permutation matrix.
  • H is represented by a shift value (cyclic matrix) and 0 (zero matrix) instead of Pi.
  • FIG. 27 shows an encoder structure for a polar code. Specifically, Fig. 27 (a) shows the basic module of the polar code, and I.9 (b) shows the basic matrix.
  • Polar codes are known in the art as codes capable of acquiring channel capacity in a binary input discrete memoryless channel (B-DMC). That is, the channel capacity can be obtained when the size N of the code block is increased to infinity.
  • the encoder of the polar code performs channel combining and channel division as shown in FIG.
  • the 29 shows the UE RRC state machine and state transition.
  • the UE has only one RRC state at a time.
  • FIG. 30 shows a UE state machine and state transition and mobility procedures supported between NR / NGC and E-UTRAN / EPC.
  • the RRC state indicates whether the RRC layer of the UE is logically connected to the RRC layer of the NG RAN.
  • the UE When the RRC connection is established, the UE is in a radio resource control (RRC) _CONNECTED state or RRC_INACTIVE state. Otherwise, that is, if the RRC connection is not established, the UE is in the RRC_IDLE state.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the NG RAN When in the RRC connected state or RRC inactive state, since the UE has an RRC connection, the NG RAN can recognize the presence of the UE in the cell unit. Therefore, it is possible to effectively control the UE. Meanwhile, when in the RRC Idle state, the UE cannot be recognized by the NG RAN, and is managed by the core network in a tracking area unit, which is a unit of a wider area than the cell. That is, for the UE in the RRC idle state, only the presence of the terminal is recognized in a wide area unit. In order to receive general mobile communication services such as voice or data, it is necessary to switch to the RRC connection state.
  • the UE When the user first turns on the UE, the UE first searches for an appropriate cell and then maintains the RRC Idle state in the cell. Only when it is necessary to establish an RRC connection, the UE in the RRC Idle state establishes an RRC connection with an NG RAN through an RRC connection procedure, and then transitions to an RRC connected state or an RRC_INACTIVE state. Examples of a case in which the UE in the RRC Idle state needs to establish an RRC connection is when an uplink data transmission is required due to a call attempt by a user or the like, or a response message is transmitted in response to a paging message received from the NG RAN. Varies.
  • -UE specific DRX (discontinuous reception) can be configured by higher layer
  • -UE specific DRX can be configured by higher layer or RRC layer;
  • the UE may be configured with UE specific DRX;
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • re selection for searching a suitable cell 3 rd Step -tune to its control channel (camping on the cell)
  • RNA RAN-based Notification Area
  • PLMN selection, cell reselection procedure and location registration are common to both RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state.
  • PLMN When the UE is turned on, PLMN is selected by NAS (Non-Access Stratum). For the selected PLMN, the associated Radio Access Technology (RAT) can be set.
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • RAT Radio Access Technology
  • the NAS should provide a list of equivalent PLMNs that the AS will use for cell selection and cell reselection where possible.
  • the UE searches for a suitable cell of the selected PLMN and selects the cell to provide available services, and additionally, the UE must be tuned to its control channel. This choice is called “camping on the cell”.
  • the UE registers its existence by the NAS registration procedure in the tracking area of the selected cell, and the selected PLMN becomes a registered PLMN as a result of successful location registration.
  • the cell When the UE finds a more suitable cell according to the cell reselection criteria, the cell is reselected and camps on the cell. If the new cell does not belong to at least one tracking area where the UE is registered, location registration is performed. In the RRC_INACTIVE state, if the new cell does not belong to the composed RNA, an RNA update procedure is performed.
  • the UE should search for a PLMN having a high priority at regular time intervals and search for a suitable cell when the NAS selects another PLMN.
  • a new PLMN is automatically selected (automatic mode), or an indication is given to the user which PLMN is available, so manual selection can be made (manual mode).
  • Registration is not performed by a UE capable of only services that do not require registration.
  • the PLMN knows (in most cases) the tracking areas set (RCR_IDLE state) or RNA (RCC_INACTIVE state) where the UE is camped upon receiving a call to the registered UE (RCC_INACTIVE state). It is possible to send a “paging” message to the UE on the control channels of all cells in the corresponding set of zones. The UE can receive and respond to the paging message.
  • the AS must report the PLMN available to the NAS at the request of the NAS or autonomously.
  • a specific PLMN may be automatically or manually selected based on a priority PLMN identifier list.
  • Each PLMN in the PLMN ID list is identified as a 'PLMN ID'.
  • the UE may receive one or multiple 'PLMN ID' in a given cell.
  • the result of the PLMN selection performed by the NAS is an identifier of the selected PLMN.
  • the UE must scan all RF channels in the NR band according to the ability to find available PLMNs. In each carrier, the UE must search for the strongest cell and read its system information to find out which PLMN (s) it belongs to. If the UE can read one or more PLMN identifiers in the strongest cell, and if the following high quality criteria are met, each PLMN found must be reported to the NAS as a high quality PLMN (but no RSRP value).
  • the measured RSRP value should be -110 dBm or more.
  • PLMN search may be stopped at the request of the NAS.
  • the UE can optimize the PLMN search using stored information, for example, carrier frequency and optionally information about cell parameters from previously received measurement control information elements.
  • the cell selection procedure should be performed to select the appropriate cell of the PLMN to camp on.
  • the UE must perform measurement for cell selection and reselection purposes.
  • the NAS can control the RAT for which cell selection should be performed, for example, by displaying the RAT associated with the selected PLMN and maintaining the forbidden registration area (s) list and the equivalent PLMN list. .
  • the UE should select an appropriate cell based on RRC_IDLE state measurement and cell selection criteria.
  • stored information for multiple RATs may be available at the UE.
  • the UE When camped on a cell, the UE must periodically search for a better cell according to the cell reselection criteria. If a better cell is found, that cell is selected.
  • a change in cell may mean a change in RAT. Notifies the NAS when received system information related to the NAS changes due to cell selection and reselection.
  • the UE For normal service, the UE camps on a suitable cell and must tune to the control channel (s) of that cell so that the UE can:
  • the measurement amount of the cell depends on the UE implementation.
  • the measurement amount of the cell is as follows between beams corresponding to the same cell based on the SS / PBCH block: Is derived together.
  • the cell measurement quantity is derived from the linear average of the power values up to the maximum number of beam measurement quantity values exceeding the threshold value.
  • the UE should scan all RF channels in the NR band according to the ability to find an appropriate cell.
  • the UE needs to search for the strongest cell.
  • This procedure requires information about the cell information and optionally the storage information of the carrier frequency from a previously received measurement control information element or a previously detected cell.
  • the UE When the UE finds an appropriate cell, the UE must select this cell.
  • the first mechanism uses cell status indication and special reservation to control the cell selection and reselection procedures.
  • a second mechanism called integrated access control, prevents the selected access category or access ID from sending the initial access message due to load control reasons.
  • the UE assigned to the access identifier in the range of -12 to 14 should behave as if the cell status is “barred” when the cell is “reserved for operator use” for the registered PLMN or selected PLMN.
  • the UE cannot select / reselect this cell even if it is not an emergency call.
  • the UE can exclude barred cells as cell selection / reselection candidates for up to 300 seconds.
  • the UE can select another cell at the same frequency.
  • the UE can select another cell at the same frequency.
  • the UE should exclude barred cells as cell selection / reselection candidates for 300 seconds.
  • the UE should not reselect the cell at the same frequency as the barred cell.
  • the UE should exclude the barred cell and the cell at the same frequency as the cell selection / reselection candidate for 300 seconds.
  • Cell selection of other cells may also include a change in RAT.
  • Information about cell access restrictions related to access categories and IDs is broadcast as system information.
  • the UE must ignore the access category and cell access restrictions associated with the identifier for cell reselection.
  • the change of the indicated access restriction should not trigger cell reselection by the UE.
  • the UE should consider NAS initiated access attempts and cell access restrictions related to the access category and identifier for RNAU.
  • the AS In the UE, the AS must report the tracking area information to the NAS.
  • the UE When the UE reads one or more PLMN identifiers in the current cell, the UE must report the discovered PLMN identifiers to the NAS, which are suitable for tracking area information.
  • the UE transmits a RAN-based notification area update (RNAU) periodically or when the UE selects a cell that does not belong to the configured RNA.
  • RNAU RAN-based notification area update
  • the principle of PLMN selection in NR is based on the principle of 3GPP PLMN selection.
  • Cell selection is required when switching from RM-DEREGISTERED to RM-REGISTERED, CM-IDLE to CM-CONNECTED, and CM-CONNECTED to CM-IDLE, and is based on the following principles.
  • the UE NAS layer identifies the selected PLMN and its equivalent PLMN;
  • the -UE searches the NR frequency band and identifies the strongest cell for each carrier frequency.
  • the cell system information broadcast is read to identify the PLMN.
  • the UE can search each carrier in turn (“initial cell selection”) or shorten the search using the stored information (“stored information cell selection”).
  • UE attempts to identify a suitable cell; If a suitable cell cannot be identified, an acceptable cell is attempted. If a suitable cell is found or only an acceptable cell is found, camp is started in the cell and a cell reselection procedure is started.
  • the -suitable cell is a cell whose measured cell attribute satisfies the cell selection criteria.
  • the cell PLMN is the selected PLMN, registered or equivalent PLMN;
  • the cell is not banned or reserved and the cell is not part of the tracking area on the “forbidden tracking areas for roaming” list.
  • an acceptable cell is a cell in which the measured cell property satisfies the cell selection criteria and the cell is not blocked.
  • the UE When transitioning from RRC_CONNECTED to RRC_IDLE, the UE camps at the frequency assigned by the RRC in any cell or cell / state transition message of the last cell / cell set in RRC_CONNECTED.
  • the UE should attempt to find a suitable cell in the manner described for the stored information or initial cell selection. If no suitable cell is found at any frequency or RAT, the UE should try to find an acceptable cell.
  • cell quality is derived between beams corresponding to the same cell.
  • the UE of RC_IDLE performs cell reselection.
  • the principle of the procedure is as follows.
  • the UE measures the attributes of the serving and neighbor cells to enable the reselection process.
  • Cell reselection identifies the cell that the UE should camp. This is based on cell reselection criteria including measurement of serving and adjacent cells:
  • -Reselection in frequency is based on the rank of the cell
  • -Re-selection between frequencies is based on the absolute priority that the UE attempts to camp with the highest priority frequency available;
  • -NCL is provided by the serving cell to handle specific cases for neighboring cells within and between frequencies.
  • a blacklist can be provided to prevent the UE from reselecting into neighboring cells within and between specific frequencies.
  • cell quality is derived between beams corresponding to the same cell.
  • RRC_INACTIVE is a state in which a UE maintains a CM-CONNECTED state and can move within an area composed of NG-RAN (RNA) without notifying NG-RAN.
  • RNA NG-RAN
  • the last serving gNB node maintains UE context and UE related NG connection with serving AMF and UPF.
  • the last serving gNB is receiving DL data from UPF or receiving DL signal from AMF while the UE is in RRC_INACTIVE, it is paged within the cell corresponding to RNA and the RNA includes cells from neighboring gNB (s), neighbor XnAP RAN paging can be sent to the gNB.
  • the AMF provides RRC inactive assistant information to the NG-RAN node to help the NG-RAN node determine whether the UE can be transmitted with RRC_INACTIVE.
  • the RRC inactive assistant information includes a registration area configured for the UE, a UE-specific DRX, a periodic registration update timer, whether the UE is configured in a Mobile Initiated Connection Only (MICO) mode by the AMF, and a UE identity index value.
  • MICO Mobile Initiated Connection Only
  • the UE registration area is considered by the NG-RAN node when configuring the RAN-based notification area.
  • the UE specific DRX and UE identity index values are used by the NG-RAN node for RAN paging.
  • the periodic registration update timer is considered to configure a periodic RAN notification area update timer in the NG-RAN node.
  • the NG-RAN node can configure the UE with a periodic RNA update timer value.
  • the receiving gNB triggers an XnAP search UE context procedure to obtain the UE context from the last serving gNB and also includes tunnel information for potential recovery of data from the last serving gNB. Data can be triggered.
  • the receiving gNB becomes the serving gNB and further triggers the NGAP path switching request procedure.
  • the serving gNB triggers the release of the UE context at the last serving gNB by the XnAP UE context release procedure.
  • the gNB performs the establishment of a new RRC connection instead of resuming the previous RRC connection.
  • the UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state must start the RNA update procedure when moving out of the configured RNA.
  • the receiving gNB may decide to send the UE back to the RRC_INACTIVE state, move the UE to the RRC_CONNECTED state, or send the UE to RRC_IDLE.
  • the UE of RRC_INACTIVE performs cell reselection.
  • the principle of the procedure is the same as the RRC_IDLE state.
  • the UE procedure related to DRX can be summarized as shown in Table 19.
  • Type of signals UE procedure 1 st step RRC signaling (MAC-CellGroupConfig) -Receive DRX configuration information 2 nd Step MAC CE ((Long) DRX command MAC CE) -Receive DRX command 3 rd Step - -Monitor a PDCCH during an on-duration of a DRX cycle
  • the UE uses DRX (Discontinuous Reception) in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE states to reduce power consumption.
  • DRX Discontinuous Reception
  • the UE When DRX is configured, the UE performs DRX operation according to the DRX configuration information.
  • a UE operating as a DRX repeatedly turns on and off a reception operation.
  • the UE when DRX is set, the UE attempts to receive the downlink channel PDCCH only for a predetermined time interval, and does not attempt to receive the PDCCH for the rest of the period. At this time, the period during which the UE should attempt to receive the PDCCH is called on-duration, and this on-duration is defined once every DRX cycle.
  • the UE may receive DRX configuration information from the gNB through RRC signaling (Long) and operate as DRX through reception of the DRX command MAC CE.
  • RRC signaling Long
  • DRX configuration information may be included in MAC-CellGroupConfig.
  • IE MAC-CellGroupConfig is used to configure MAC parameters for cell groups, including DRX.
  • Table 20 and Table 21 are examples of IE MAC-CellGroupConfig.
  • ms256 INTEGER (0..255), ms320 INTEGER (0..319), ms512 INTEGER (0..511), ms640 INTEGER (0..639), ms1024 INTEGER (0..1023), ms1280 INTEGER (0..1279), ms2048 INTEGER (0..2047), ms2560 INTEGER (0..2559), ms5120 INTEGER (0..5119), ms10240 INTEGER (0..10239) ⁇ , shortDRX SEQUENCE ⁇ drx- ShortCycle ENUMERATED ⁇ ms2, ms3, ms4, ms5, ms6, ms7, ms8, ms10, ms14, ms16, ms20, ms30, ms32, ms35, ms40, ms64, ms80, ms128, ms160, ms256
  • MAC-CellGroupConfig field descriptions drx-Config Used to configure DRX.
  • drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL Value in number of symbols.
  • drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL Value in number of symbols.
  • drx-InactivityTimer Value in multiple integers of 1ms. ms0 corresponds to 0, ms1 corresponds to 1ms, ms2 corresponds to 2ms, and so on.
  • drx-onDurationTimer Value in multiples of 1/32 ms (subMilliSeconds) or in ms (milliSecond). For the latter, ms1 corresponds to 1ms, ms2 corresponds to 2ms, and so on.
  • drx-LongCycleStartOffset drx-LongCycle in ms and drx-StartOffset in multiples of 1ms.
  • drx-RetransmissionTimerDL Value in number of slot lengths.
  • sl1 corresponds to 1 slot
  • sl2 corresponds to 2 slots
  • drx-RetransmissionTimerUL Value in number of slot lengths.
  • sl1 corresponds to 1 slot
  • sl2 corresponds to 2 slots, and so on.
  • drx-ShortCycle Value in ms.
  • ms1 corresponds to 1ms
  • ms2 corresponds to 2ms, and so on.
  • drx-ShortCycleTimer Value in multiples of drx-ShortCycle .
  • a value of 1 corresponds to drx-ShortCycle
  • a value of 2 corresponds to 2 * drx-ShortCycle and so on.
  • drx-SlotOffset Value in 1/32 ms.
  • Value 0 corresponds to 0ms
  • value 1 corresponds to 1 / 32ms
  • value 2 corresponds to 2 / 32ms, and so on.
  • drx-onDurationTimer is the duration at the beginning of the DRX cycle.
  • drx-SlotOffset is the slot delay before starting drx-onDurationTimer.
  • drx-StartOffset is a subframe in which the DRX cycle starts.
  • drx-InactivityTimer is the duration after the PDCCH where the PDCCH occurs.
  • drx-RetransmissionTimerDL (per DL HARQ process) is the maximum duration until DL retransmission is received.
  • drx-RetransmissionTimerUL (per UL HARQ process) is the maximum duration until an acknowledgment for UL retransmission is received.
  • drx-LongCycle is a Long DRX cycle.
  • drx-ShortCycle (optional) is the Short DRX cycle.
  • drx-ShortCycleTimer (optional) is a period in which the UE must follow the Short DRX Cycle.
  • drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL (per DL HARQ process) is the minimum duration before DL allocation for HARQ retransmission is expected by the MAC entity.
  • drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL (per UL HARQ process) is the minimum duration until UL HARQ retransmission authorization is expected by the MAC entity.
  • the DRX Command MAC CE or Long DRX Command MAC CE is identified as a MAC PDU sub-header with LCID.
  • the fixed size is 0 bits.
  • Table 5 shows examples of LCID values for DL-SCH.
  • the UE's PDCCH monitoring activity is managed by DRX and BA.
  • the UE When DRX is configured, the UE does not need to continuously monitor the PDCCH.
  • -on-duration Time to wait for the UE to receive PDCCH after waking.
  • the UE successfully decodes the PDCCH the UE remains awake and starts an inactivity timer;
  • -Inactivity timer the UE waits to successfully decode the PDCCH from the last successful decoding of the PDCCH, and may return to sleep if it fails. The UE must restart the inactivity timer following a single successful decoding of the PDCCH only for the first transmission (ie, not retransmission).
  • -Retransmission timer the period of time until retransmission is expected
  • the MAC entity used below may be expressed as a UE or a MAC entity of the UE.
  • the MAC entity is configured by RRC with DRX function to control the UE's PDCCH monitoring activity for MAC entity's C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI and TPC-SRS-RNTI. Can When using DRX operation, the MAC entity must also monitor the PDCCH. When in RRC_CONNECTED, if DRX is configured, the MAC entity can monitor the PDCCH discontinuously using the DRX operation; Otherwise, the MAC entity must constantly monitor the PDCCH.
  • the RRC controls DRX operation by configuring parameters with Tables 3 and 4 (DRX configuration information).
  • the next time is included in the active time.
  • a PDCCH indicating a new transmission addressed to the C-RNTI of the MAC entity is not received.
  • the MAC entity When DRX is configured, the MAC entity should perform the operations shown in the following table.
  • a MAC PDU is transmitted in a configured uplink grant: 2> start the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL for the corresponding HARQ process immediately after the first repetition of the corresponding PUSCH transmission; 2> stop the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for the corresponding HARQ process.1> if a drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL expires: 2> if the data of the corresponding HARQ process was not successfully decoded: 3> start the drx-RetransmissionTimerDL for the corresponding HARQ process.1> if a drx -HARQ-RTT-TimerUL expires: 2> start the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for the corresponding HARQ process.1> if a DRX Command MAC CE or a Long DRX Command MAC CE is received: 2> stop drx-onDurationTimer ; 2> stop drx -Inactivity
  • the MAC entity transmits HARQ feedback and Type 1 trigger SRS when expected.
  • the MAC entity is not required to monitor the PDCCH if it is not a complete PDCCH occasion (eg, the active time starts or expires in the middle of the PDCCH opportunity).
  • the UE may use DRX (Discontinuous Reception) in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE states to reduce power consumption.
  • the UE monitors one paging occasion (PO) per DRX cycle, and one PO may be configured with multiple time slots (eg, subframes or OFDM symbols) through which paging DCI can be transmitted.
  • PO paging occasion
  • the length of one PO is one period of beam sweeping, and the UE can assume that the same paging message is repeated in all beams of the sweeping pattern.
  • the paging message is the same for both RAN start paging and CN start paging.
  • One paging frame is one radio frame that may include one or more paging events.
  • the UE When the UE receives RAN paging, it initiates an RRC connection resumption procedure. When the UE receives CN initialization paging in the RRC_INACTIVE state, the UE moves to RRC_IDLE and notifies the NAS.
  • a physical sidelink feedback channel may be defined in order to transmit feedback information from a receiver / receiving device to a transmitter in a side link.
  • the transmitter / transmission device transmits a PSCCH including scheduling information necessary for decoding a PSSCH carrying user data (which may be referred to as a PSSCH related to PSCCH).
  • the receiver may transmit PSFCH to transmit feedback information such as HARQ-ACK or CSI.
  • the PSFCH may be referred to as a PSFCH associated with at least one of a PSCCH or a PSSCH associated with the PSCCH.
  • the PSFCH including HARQ-ACK may be generated after decoding the related / associated PSCCH and PSSCH, the PSFCH resource appears after the PSCCH / PSSCH. If fast decoding is possible at the receiver UE, the PSFCH may appear in the same slot as the associated PSCCH / PSSCH, but other slots may be used if more decoding time is required.
  • FIG. 32 shows an example of a PSFCH related to at least one of a PSCCH, a PSSCH related to a PSCCH, a PSCCH, or a PSSCH related to the PSCCH.
  • FIG. 32 (a) shows a case where PSCCH / PSSCH and related PSFCH are transmitted in one slot
  • FIG. 32 (b) shows a case where PSCCH / PSSCH and related PSFCH are transmitted in different slots.
  • the PSCCH / PSSCH may be transmitted to the end of the first slot.
  • a slot in which a PSCCH related to a PSCCH or a PSFCH related to at least one of the PSCCHs is transmitted is a PSCCH or a PSSCH related to the PSCCH. It may correspond to a predetermined number of slots after the transmitted slot.
  • PSCCH is a channel through which sidelink control information (SCI) is transmitted, and does not necessarily mean only one channel.
  • SCI includes two or more channels (PSCCH-1, PSCCH). -2, etc., names may refer to these when transmitted through an example). That is, the PSCCH can be understood to refer to channel or sidelink control information for transmitting SCI.
  • the time and frequency positions of the PSFCH are derived from the time / frequency positions of the associated PSCCH / PSSCH.
  • the frequency resource of the PSFCH may be a subset of the frequency resource used for the associated PSCCH / PSSCH.
  • the terminal measures the signal strength in at least a portion of the first slot related to PSCCH or PSSCH transmission (S3301 in FIG. 33), and based on the measured signal strength is greater than a preset threshold, the terminal In this second slot, the PSSCH may be transmitted by avoiding the first resource region related to the feedback of the PSCCH (S3302 in FIG. 33).
  • the first resource region may include a second resource region (potential time / frequency location of a PSFCH) related to transmission of the PSFCH, and the first resource region may include at least one of the PSCCH or the PSSCH associated with the PSCCH. It may be derived from a time frequency resource.
  • the PSFCH may be related to at least one of the PSCCH or PSSCH related to the PSCCH.
  • the existence of the PSFCH is estimated based on the measurement of the PSCCH / PSSCH slot, and the PSFCH resource region is used based on the estimation. You can decide whether or not.
  • the potential time / frequency location of the PSFCH (potential time / frequency location of a PSFCH, ie, the second resource region) may be derived from the time and frequency resources of the associated PSCCH / PSSCH. Therefore, when the UE detects high RSRP or energy in the frequency resource X of the first slot, it can be seen that even if it does not decode any PSCCH in the resource, that resource has PSCCH / PSSCH transmission of another UE.
  • the first resource region may be at least partially overlapped with the PSSCH on a frequency axis.
  • the PSSCH when transmitted by avoiding the first resource region, it may mean that the PSSCH is transmitted using a symbol until the first resource region is started. That is, it may be to transmit a short PSSCH.
  • the first resource region is not a case where at least a part of the PSSCH and the frequency axis are overlapped, the resource region of the PSFCH and the PSSCH are present on different frequency regions, and thus there is no need to transmit the short PSSCH.
  • the signal strength may correspond to RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
  • FIG. 34 shows an example of the above description.
  • FIG. 34 (a) is a case in which RSRP or energy measured in the frequency resource X exceeds a threshold
  • FIG. 34 (b) is an example in which the measurement value is below a threshold.
  • UE B detects high RSRP or energy in frequency resource X of the first slot, and it can be seen that even if no PSCCH in the resource is decoded, there is a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission of another UE in the resource. .
  • the (PSCCH / PSSCH) transmission of the other UE may use PSFCH in the corresponding time / frequency resource, and will stop PSCCH / PSSCH transmission in frequency resource X before the potential PSFCH symbol in the second slot. Conservative assumptions can be made. If the RSRP or energy detected in the first slot is below a threshold, UE B may assume that it does not interfere with other PSFCH transmissions and continue PSCCH / PSSCH transmission using potential PSFCH symbols.
  • the threshold may be determined according to a quality of service (QoS) index.
  • QoS quality of service
  • a mapping table may be defined to define the mapping between the QoS index of the PSCCH and the corresponding threshold.
  • the threshold may be signaled through PSCCH.
  • the threshold used by UE B can be derived from the relative difference of the QoS index of the two UEs to the related resource.
  • the threshold is set to a lower value if UE A requires a relatively stricter QoS, and is set to a higher value if UE A requires a relatively stricter QoS.
  • the threshold is set to a lower value if UE B requires a relatively stricter QoS, and a higher value if UE B requires a relatively less strict QoS. This is the assumption that the lower QoS index indicates a stricter QoS requirement, the threshold is the increasing function of (UE A's QoS index-UE B's QoS index).
  • the RSRP-based (partial) priority determination made in UE B may be limited based on the absolute QoS requirements derived from UEC's PSCCH. For example, UE B is allowed to perform RSRP based (partial) priority only in the following cases. QoS requirements of the UE A resource are less than the threshold. Alternatively, the RSRP based override decision made in UE B may be limited based on the relative QoS requirements of the two UEs for the related resource. For example, UE B can perform RSRP-based (partial) redefinition (with respect to offset) only when the QoS requirement of the UE B resource is more stringent than the QoS requirement of the UE A resource.
  • the above description related to the threshold and priority may be applied to the case of determining the use of the short PSSCH by decoding the PSCCH described below as well as the above description.
  • UE B can recognize the existence of the PSFCH by decoding the PSCCH of UE A transmitted in the first slot. This is possible by sending an indicator of the presence of the PSFCH to the PSCCH of UE A.
  • UE B decodes the PSCCH of UE A indicating the presence of the PSFCH, UE B stops transmitting PSCCH / PSSCH before the PSFCH symbol in the second slot when using a frequency resource that overlaps UE A's PSFCH.
  • whether or not UE B can use the PSFCH symbol of UE A can be determined based on the RSRP of the signal of UE A measured at UE B. If RSRP is high, the transmission of UE B causes significant interference to UE A's PSFCH reception. However, if RSRP is low, overlapping of PSCCH / PSSCH of UE B and PSFCH of UE A may be allowed. This is because the channel gain between the two UEs is small and mutual interference is not large.
  • UE B stops transmitting PSCCH / PSSCH before the PSFCH symbol in the second slot only when RSRP exceeds a threshold (and a possible offset). If the RSRP is less than the threshold, UE B may continue to transmit PSCCH / PSSCH in the PSFCH symbol of the second slot even if frequency resources overlapping with the PSFCH of UE A are used.
  • This threshold can be set to minus infinity, which means that whenever a PSCCH representing a potentially overlapping PSFCH is detected, UE B stops transmitting PSCCH / PSSCH before the PSFCH symbol.
  • the network or operator can determine the appropriate threshold.
  • the threshold can also be derived from some information contained in the decoded PSCCH. For example, a lower threshold may be used if PSCCH indicates high reliability to better protect transmissions requiring high reliability.
  • FIG. 36 shows a combined method of determining whether to use the short PSSCH based on the measurement of PSCCH-related slots, and determining whether to use the short PSSCH based on decoding of the PSCCH in the two cases described above. It is. The detailed description of each step is replaced with the contents of the corresponding part described above.
  • UE B when UE B decides to use the overlapped frequency resource in the second slot, it checks whether there is a possibility that PSFCH appears in a potential symbol of the frequency resource.
  • UE B decodes the PSCCH of UE A indicating the presence of the PSFCH, UE B avoids the use of potential PSFCH symbols if the measured RSRP of the decoded PSCCH is higher than the threshold. If UE B does not decode UE A's PSCCH and measures high received power or energy in any potential PSCCH / PSSCH resource available to UE A, UE B has PSCCH / PSSCH transmission in the first slot and the second It is assumed that a PSFCH associated with the slot may exist. In this case, UE B avoids the use of potential PSFCH symbols. In other cases, UE B may use a symbol through which PSFCH for another UE can be transmitted.
  • each resource pool may be configured / set with signaling indicating whether PSFCH can be used.
  • the embodiment (s) can be applied when PSFCH transmission is allowed in the resource pool.
  • the content is not limited to direct communication between terminals, and may be used in uplink or downlink.
  • the proposed method may be used by a base station or a relay node.
  • the examples of the proposed method described above can also be included as one of the implementation methods, and thus can be regarded as a kind of proposed methods. Further, the above-described proposed schemes may be implemented independently, but may also be implemented in a combination (or merge) form of some suggested schemes. Whether or not the proposed methods are applied (or information on the rules of the proposed methods) includes a signal predefined in the base station to the terminal or the transmitting terminal to the receiving terminal (eg, a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal). Rules can be defined to inform you through.
  • FIG. 37 illustrates a wireless communication device according to an embodiment.
  • the wireless communication system may include a first device 9010 and a second device 9020.
  • the first device 9010 is a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), UAV), AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, robot, Augmented Reality (AR) device, Virtual Reality (VR) device, Mixed Reality (MR) device, Hologram device, Public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, Medical device, Pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, 5G service related device, or other device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • a drone Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • AI Artificial Intelligence
  • AR Augmented Reality
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • MR Mixed Reality
  • Hologram device Public safety device
  • MTC device IoT device
  • Medical device Pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, 5
  • the second device 9020 is a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), UAV), AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, robot, Augmented Reality (AR) device, Virtual Reality (VR) device, Mixed Reality (MR) device, Hologram device, Public safety device, MTC device, IoT device, Medical device, Pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, 5G service related device, or other device related to the fourth industrial revolution.
  • a drone Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • AI Artificial Intelligence
  • AR Augmented Reality
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • MR Mixed Reality
  • Hologram device Public safety device
  • MTC device IoT device
  • Medical device Pin It may be a tech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environment device, 5
  • the terminal is a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a personal digital assistants (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation, a slate PC, a tablet
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • slate PC a tablet
  • It may include a PC (tablet PC), ultrabook (ultrabook), wearable device (wearable device, for example, a watch-type terminal (smartwatch), glass-type terminal (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display), and the like.
  • the HMD may be a display device worn on the head.
  • HMD can be used to implement VR, AR or MR.
  • a drone may be a vehicle that does not ride and is flying by radio control signals.
  • the VR device may include a device that implements an object or background of a virtual world.
  • the AR device may include a device that is implemented by connecting an object or background of the virtual world to an object or background of the real world.
  • the MR device may include a device that fuses and implements an object or background of the virtual world in an object or background of the real world.
  • the hologram device may include a device that implements a 360-degree stereoscopic image by recording and reproducing stereoscopic information by utilizing the interference phenomenon of light generated when two laser lights called holography meet.
  • the public safety device may include a video relay device or a video device wearable on a user's body.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation.
  • the MTC device and the IoT device may include a smart meter, a bending machine, a thermometer, a smart light bulb, a door lock, or various sensors.
  • a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, treating or preventing a disease.
  • a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, reducing or correcting an injury or disorder.
  • a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of examining, replacing, or modifying a structure or function.
  • the medical device may be a device used to control pregnancy.
  • the medical device may include a medical device, a surgical device, a (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid, or a surgical device.
  • the security device may be a device installed in order to prevent a risk that may occur and to maintain safety.
  • the security device may be a camera, CCTV, recorder or black box.
  • the fintech device may be a device capable of providing financial services such as mobile payment.
  • the fintech device may include a payment device or a point of sales (POS).
  • a climate / environmental device may include a device that monitors or predicts the climate / environment.
  • the first device 9010 may include at least one processor, such as a processor 9011, at least one memory, such as a memory 9012, and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver 9013.
  • the processor 9011 may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above.
  • the processor 9011 may perform one or more protocols.
  • the processor 9011 may perform one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.
  • the memory 9012 is connected to the processor 9011 and may store various types of information and / or instructions.
  • the transceiver 9013 is connected to the processor 9011 and can be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the transceiver 9013 may be connected to one or more antennas 9014-1 to 9014-n, and the transceiver 9013 may include the methods herein and one or more antennas 9014-1 to 9014-n. / Or may be set to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. referred to in the operation flow chart.
  • the n antennas may be the number of physical antennas or the number of logical antenna ports.
  • the second device 9020 may include at least one processor such as a processor 9021, at least one memory device such as a memory 9022, and at least one transceiver such as a transceiver 9023.
  • the processor 9021 may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above.
  • the processor 9021 may implement one or more protocols.
  • the processor 9021 may implement one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.
  • the memory 9022 is connected to the processor 9031 and may store various types of information and / or instructions.
  • the transceiver 9023 is connected to the processor 9021 and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the transceiver 9023 may be connected to one or more antennas 9024-1 to 9024-n, and the transceiver 9023 may include the methods herein and one or more antennas 9024-1 to 9024-n. / Or may be set to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. referred to in the operation flow chart.
  • the memory 9012 and / or the memory 9022 may be connected to each other inside or outside the processor 9011 and / or the processor 9021, and may be connected to other processors through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections. 38 may be a wireless communication device according to an embodiment.
  • the wireless communication device in FIG. 38 may be a more detailed view of the first device or the second device 9010 or 9020 of FIG. 37.
  • the wireless communication device in FIG. 38 is not limited to the terminal.
  • the wireless communication device may be any suitable mobile computer device configured to perform one or more implementations, such as a vehicle communication system or device, a wearable device, a portable computer, a smartphone, and the like.
  • the terminal may include at least one processor (for example, a DSP or microprocessor), a transceiver 9115, a power management module 9125, an antenna 9140, a battery 9155, such as a processor 9110 ), Display 9115, keypad 9120, Global Positioning System (GPS) chip 9160, sensor 9165, memory 9130, (optionally) subscriber identification module (SIM) card 9125, speaker ( 9145), a microphone 9150, and the like.
  • the terminal may include one or more antennas.
  • the processor 9110 may be configured to perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. According to an implementation example, the processor 9110 may perform one or more protocols, such as layers of a radio interface protocol.
  • the memory 9130 is connected to the processor 9110 and may store information related to the operation of the processor 9110.
  • the memory 9130 may be located inside or outside the processor 9110, and may be connected to other processors through various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.
  • the user may input various types of information (for example, command information such as a telephone number) by pressing a button on the keypad 9120 or using various techniques such as voice activation using the microphone 9150.
  • the processor 9110 may receive and process user information and perform an appropriate function, such as dialing a telephone number.
  • data eg, operational data
  • the processor 9110 may receive and process GPS information from the GPS chip 9160 to perform functions related to the location of the terminal, such as vehicle navigation and map services.
  • the processor 9110 may display various types of information and data on the display 9115 for user reference or convenience.
  • the transceiver 9115 is connected to the processor 9110 and may transmit and receive a radio signal such as an RF signal.
  • the processor 9110 may control the transceiver 9115 to initiate communication and to transmit wireless signals including various types of information or data, such as voice communication data.
  • the transceiver 9115 may include one receiver and one transmitter to send or receive wireless signals.
  • the antenna 9140 may facilitate transmission and reception of wireless signals. According to an implementation example, in receiving wireless signals, the transceiver 9115 may forward and convert the signals to a baseband frequency for processing using the processor 9110.
  • the processed signals can be processed according to various techniques, such as being converted into information that can be heard or read to be output through the speaker 9145.
  • the senor 9165 may be connected to the processor 9110.
  • the sensor 9165 may include one or more sensing devices configured to discover various types of information including, but not limited to, speed, acceleration, light, vibration, proximity, location, images, and the like.
  • the processor 9110 may receive and process sensor information obtained from the sensor 9165, and may perform various types of functions such as collision prevention and automatic driving.
  • various components may be further included in the terminal.
  • the camera may be connected to the processor 9110, and may be used for various services such as automatic driving and vehicle safety services.
  • FIG. 38 is only an example of a terminal, and implementation is not limited thereto.
  • some components eg keypad 9120, GPS chip 9160, sensor 9165, speaker 9145 and / or microphone 9150
  • FIG. 39 illustrates a transceiver of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 39 may show an example of a transceiver that may be implemented in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • At least one processor can process data to be transmitted and send signals such as analog output signals to the transmitter 9210.
  • the analog output signal at the transmitter 9210 can be filtered by a low pass filter (LPF) 9211, for example to remove noise due to previous digital-to-analog conversion (ADC).
  • LPF low pass filter
  • ADC analog-to-analog conversion
  • VGA variable gain amplifier
  • the amplified signal can be filtered by filter 9214, amplified by power amplifier (PA) 9215, routed through duplexer 9250 / antenna switches 9260, and antenna 9270 ).
  • PA power amplifier
  • the antenna 9270 can receive signals in a wireless environment, and the received signals can be routed at the antenna switch 9260 / duplexer 9250 and sent to the receiver 9220.
  • the signal received at the receiver 9220 can be amplified by an amplifier such as a low noise amplifier (LNA) 9223, filtered by a band pass filter 9224, and downconverter (e.g. For example, it may be downconverted from RF to baseband by the mixer 9225.
  • LNA low noise amplifier
  • the down-converted signal can be filtered by a low pass filter (LPF) 9262, amplified by an amplifier such as VGA 9227 to obtain an analog input signal, and the analog input signal is one or more processors. Can be provided.
  • LPF low pass filter
  • the local oscillator (LO) 9240 may generate and receive LO signals and send them to the upconverter 9212 and downconverter 9225, respectively.
  • a phase locked loop (PLL) 9230 may receive control information from the processor and may send control signals to the LO generator 9240 to generate transmission and reception of LO signals at a suitable frequency.
  • PLL phase locked loop
  • Implementations are not limited to the particular arrangement shown in FIG. 39, and various components and circuits may be arranged differently from the example shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 40 illustrates a transceiver of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 40 may show an example of a transceiver that may be implemented in a time division duplex (TDD) system.
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the transmitter 9310 and receiver 9320 of the transceiver of the TDD system may have one or more similar characteristics to the transmitter and receiver of the transceiver of the FDD system.
  • the structure of the transceiver of the TDD system will be described.
  • the signal amplified by the transmitter's power amplifier (PA) 9315 is routed through a band select switch 9350, a band pass filter (BPF) 9260, and an antenna switch (s) 9370. It can be transmitted to the antenna 9380.
  • PA power amplifier
  • BPF band pass filter
  • s antenna switch
  • the antenna 9380 receives signals from the wireless environment and the received signals are to be routed through the antenna switch (s) 9370, band pass filter (BPF) 9260, and band select switch 9350. It can be provided to the receiver 9320.
  • the wireless device operation related to the sidelink described in FIG. 41 is merely an example, and sidelink operations using various technologies may be performed on the wireless device.
  • the sidelink may be a terminal-to-terminal interface for sidelink communication and / or sidelink discovery.
  • the sidelink may correspond to the PC5 interface.
  • the sidelink operation may be transmission and reception of information between terminals.
  • the side link can carry various types of information.
  • the wireless device may acquire information related to the sidelink.
  • the information related to the sidelink may be one or more resource configurations.
  • the information related to the sidelink can be obtained from other wireless devices or network nodes.
  • the wireless device may decode the information related to the sidelink.
  • the wireless device may perform one or more sidelink operations based on the information related to the sidelink.
  • the sidelink operation (s) performed by the wireless device may include one or more operations described herein.
  • FIG. 42 illustrates an operation of a network node related to a side link according to an embodiment.
  • the operation of the network node related to the sidelink described in FIG. 42 is merely an example, and sidelink operations using various techniques may be performed at the network node.
  • the network node may receive information on the sidelink from the wireless device.
  • the information on the sidelink may be sidelink UE information used to inform the network node of the sidelink information.
  • the network node may determine whether to transmit one or more commands related to the sidelink based on the received information.
  • the network node may transmit the command (s) related to the sidelink to the wireless device.
  • the wireless device may perform one or more sidelink operation (s) based on the received command.
  • the network node may be replaced with a wireless device or terminal.
  • the wireless device 9610 may include a communication interface 9611 to communicate with one or more other wireless devices, network nodes and / or other elements in the network.
  • Communication interface 9611 may include one or more transmitters, one or more receivers, and / or one or more communication interfaces.
  • the wireless device 9610 may include a processing circuit 9612.
  • the processing circuit 9612 may include one or more processors, such as processor 9313, and one or more memories, such as memory 9614.
  • the processing circuit 9612 may be configured to control any methods and / or processes described herein and / or, for example, to cause the wireless device 9610 to perform such methods and / or processes.
  • the processor 9313 may correspond to one or more processors for performing wireless device functions described herein.
  • the wireless device 9610 may include a memory 9614 configured to store data, program software code, and / or other information described herein.
  • memory 9614 may include software code (including instructions) that, when one or more processors, such as processor 9313, are executed, processor 9613 performs some or all of the processes according to the invention described above. 9615).
  • one or more processors that control one or more transceivers, such as transceiver 2223, to transmit and receive information may perform one or more processes related to the transmission and reception of information.
  • the network node 9620 may include a communication interface 9621 to communicate with one or more other network nodes, wireless devices and / or other elements on the network.
  • the communication interface 9621 may include one or more transmitters, one or more receivers, and / or one or more communication interfaces.
  • Network node 9620 may include processing circuitry 9622.
  • the processing circuit may include a processor 9623 and a memory 9624.
  • memory 9624 when executed by one or more processors, such as processor 9623, software code 9625 including instructions that cause processor 9923 to perform some or all of the processes in accordance with the present invention. ).
  • one or more processors that control one or more transceivers, such as transceiver 2213, to transmit and receive information may perform one or more processes related to the transmission and reception of information.
  • each structural element or function can be considered selectively.
  • Each of the structural elements or features can be performed without being combined with other structural elements or features.
  • some structural elements and / or features can be combined with each other to construct implementations.
  • the order of operation described in the implementation can be changed.
  • Some structural elements or features of one implementation may be included in another implementation, or may be replaced by structural elements or features corresponding to another implementation.
  • Implementations in the present invention can be made by various techniques, such as hardware, firmware, software, or combinations thereof.
  • a method according to implementation may include one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), one or more Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), one or more processors, one or more controllers, one or more microcontrollers, one or more microprocessors, and the like.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGA Field programmable gate arrays
  • processors one or more controllers, one or more microcontrollers, one or more microprocessors, and the like.
  • firmware or software implementations can be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, and the like.
  • the software code can be stored in memory and executed by a processor.
  • the memory may be located inside or outside the processor, and may transmit and receive data from the processor in various ways.

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Abstract

Un mode de réalisation de la présente invention concerne un procédé de transmission d'un canal partagé de liaison latérale physique (PSSCH) par un terminal dans un système de communication sans fil, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant : à mesurer, au moyen du terminal, l'intensité d'un signal dans un premier créneau en rapport avec la transmission d'un PSCCH; et à transmettre un PSSCH dans un second créneau par le terminal tout en évitant une première région de ressource en rapport avec une rétroaction sur le PSCCH, sur la base du fait que l'intensité mesurée du signal est supérieure à un seuil préconfiguré.
PCT/KR2019/014285 2018-10-28 2019-10-28 Procédé et dispositif de transmission de pssch par un terminal dans un système de communication sans fil WO2020091346A1 (fr)

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CN113676303A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2021-11-19 维沃移动通信有限公司 传输处理方法、装置及电子设备
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CN113949495A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-18 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种同步小区时频域资源的方法、终端及网络侧设备
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CN113676303B (zh) * 2020-05-15 2023-02-03 维沃移动通信有限公司 传输处理方法、装置及电子设备
US20220015186A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for sidelink drx operations in a wireless communication system
US11997744B2 (en) * 2020-07-08 2024-05-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for sidelink DRX operations in a wireless communication system
CN113949495A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-18 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种同步小区时频域资源的方法、终端及网络侧设备
WO2022019629A1 (fr) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 삼성전자 주식회사 Appareil et procédé de traitement d'une ressource de liaison latérale requise pour une opération drx de liaison latérale dans un système de communication sans fil
WO2022025524A1 (fr) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-03 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer une valeur cbr pour v2x nr
WO2022203413A1 (fr) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et dispositif par lesquels un équipement utilisateur de réception réalise un fonctionnement d'économie d'énergie en fonction de psfch dans nr v2x
US11627591B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-04-11 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for receiving UE to perform power saving operation based on PSFCH in NR V2X
CN113424471A (zh) * 2021-05-10 2021-09-21 北京小米移动软件有限公司 确定资源的方法、装置及存储介质
WO2022236561A1 (fr) * 2021-05-10 2022-11-17 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de détermination de ressources et support de stockage

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