WO2020087532A1 - 超声成像方法及系统、存储介质、处理器和计算机设备 - Google Patents
超声成像方法及系统、存储介质、处理器和计算机设备 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of ultrasound detection, and in particular, to an ultrasound imaging method and system, storage medium, processor, and computer equipment.
- Ultrasonic detection technology not only has a small impact on the human body, but also has accurate detection, good stability, and is safe, convenient, and non-destructive. It is more commonly used in fetal detection in obstetrics, especially monitoring the biological parameters of the fetus, which can effectively find a variety of fetal development problems. Common biological parameters include head circumference, double top diameter, occipital frontal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length.
- two-dimensional ultrasound is usually used to measure biological parameters such as head circumference and double-top diameter, but because the fetus itself has a three-dimensional structure, there will be large errors, and the use of two-dimensional measurement needs to find the three-dimensional structure to be measured
- the target position has the problems of low accuracy and slow measurement speed.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide an ultrasonic imaging method and system, a storage medium, a processor, and a computer device, to at least solve the technical problems of low accuracy and low measurement speed in the related art measurement methods.
- an ultrasound imaging method including: acquiring three-dimensional volume data of a fetal head, wherein the three-dimensional volume data is data obtained by scanning the head with ultrasound; decomposition Generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images from the three-dimensional volume data; segmenting the predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images respectively to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image; according to the predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sections The contour of the intracranial region in the image is fitted to the three-dimensional skull contour of the skull; according to the three-dimensional skull contour, the volume of the skull in the skull is determined.
- decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images includes: determining a rotation axis of the brain in the skull based on the three-dimensional volume data; generating the predetermined according to the rotation axis of the brain Number of two-dimensional slice images.
- determining the rotation axis of the brain in the head based on the three-dimensional volume data includes: performing ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data; determining the ellipse parameters of the detected ellipse; according to the ellipse The parameter determines the brain rotation axis.
- generating the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the rotation axis of the brain includes: determining a rotation angle according to a rate of change of the contour of the three-dimensional volume data; and generating the predetermined number according to the rotation angle 2D cross-sectional image.
- decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images includes: determining a cranial brain translation direction and cranial brain translation range in the three-dimensional volume data; The translation range generates the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images.
- determining the direction of the brain translation and the range of the brain translation in the three-dimensional volume data includes: performing ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data; determining the ellipse parameters of the detected ellipse; The ellipse parameter determines the direction of the brain translation and the range of the brain translation.
- generating the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range includes: determining the cranial brain translation according to the rate of change of the contour of the three-dimensional volume data The cutting interval in the direction and within the translation range of the craniocerebral brain; generating the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the cutting interval.
- dividing the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images by at least one of the following ways to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image includes: receiving an input boundary for drawing the contour, according to The boundary determines the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image; receives input points or lines in a predetermined target area, and divides the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the points or lines in a predetermined manner To obtain the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; divide the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the image content of the two-dimensional slice images to obtain the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images The outline of the intracranial area.
- fitting the three-dimensional skull outline of the head according to the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images includes: according to the intracranial area of the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images The spatial position corresponding to the contour, correspondingly mapping the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image to the three-dimensional space; filling the other contour surface points in the three-dimensional space by interpolation fitting to obtain the location of the head
- the three-dimensional skull outline is described.
- the method further includes: displaying one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; Adjust the contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images to generate a new contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images; based on the one or more frames The contour of the new intracranial region of the two-dimensional slice image is re-fitted to the three-dimensional skull contour; according to the re-fitted three-dimensional skull contour, the volume of the skull in the head is re-determined.
- adjusting the contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images to generate the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images includes: according to the one The outline of the intracranial region of the frame or multi-frame 2D slice image generates control points and displays the control points; by receiving the operation of the control points, the intracranial area of the one or more 2D slice images The contour of the region is adjusted to generate a new contour of the intracranial region of the one- or more-frame two-dimensional slice images.
- adjusting the contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images to generate the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images includes: according to the one Frame or multiple frames and the outline of the intracranial area in the slice image generates control points in the outline of the skull base and displays the control points; by receiving operations on the control points, the one or more frames and The contour of the bottom of the skull in the slice image is adjusted to generate the outline of the one or more frames and the new intracranial region of the slice image.
- the method further includes: obtaining one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data based on the three-dimensional volume data Adjusting the contour of the intracranial region in the one or more frames of the three-dimensional volume data in the two-dimensional slice image to generate the contour of the new intracranial region in the one or more frames of the three-dimensional volume data in the two-dimensional slice image Re-fitting the contour of the three-dimensional brain according to the contour of the new intracranial region of one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data; re-determining the head in accordance with the re-fitted three-dimensional brain contour The volume of the brain.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data is adjusted to generate a new intracranial one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data
- the contour of the area includes: adjusting the contour of the base of the skull in the contour of the intracranial area in the one- or more-frame two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data to generate one or more two-dimensional frames of the three-dimensional volume data Cut image the outline of the new intracranial region.
- an ultrasound imaging method comprising: displaying three-dimensional volume data of a fetal head, wherein the three-dimensional volume data is data obtained by scanning the head with ultrasound Display and decompose the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; display the outline of the intracranial region in the obtained two-dimensional slice image after segmenting the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; display according to The contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images fits the three-dimensional skull contour of the skull; the volume of the skull in the skull determined according to the three-dimensional skull contour is displayed.
- the method before displaying and decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the method further includes: displaying the rotation axis of the cranial brain in the head in the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the cranial The brain rotation axis is used to generate the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images.
- the method before displaying the rotation axis of the brain in the head in the three-dimensional volume data, the method further includes: displaying an ellipse detected according to a cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the ellipse of the ellipse The parameter is used to determine the axis of rotation of the brain.
- the method before displaying and decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the method further includes: displaying the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range in the three-dimensional volume data, wherein, the The cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range are used to generate the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images.
- the method before displaying the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range in the three-dimensional volume data, the method further includes: displaying an ellipse detected according to the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein The ellipse parameter is used to determine the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image obtained by segmenting the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images is displayed in at least one of the following ways: displaying the boundary for describing the contour, according to The boundary displays the outline of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image; the points or lines displayed in the predetermined target area, and after the two-dimensional slice image is segmented according to the points or lines, the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image is displayed The outline of a predetermined image is displayed, and after dividing the two-dimensional slice image according to the predetermined image content, the outline of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image is displayed.
- displaying the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, and fitting the three-dimensional skull outline of the head includes: displaying the skull in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images
- the contour of the inner region is correspondingly mapped to the three-dimensional contour in the three-dimensional space; the three-dimensional brain contour after filling the other contour surface points in the mapped three-dimensional space is displayed.
- the method further includes: displaying one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images ; Displaying the outline of the new intracranial region of the one- or more-frame 2D cross-sectional image, wherein the new outline of the one- or more-frame 2D cross-sectional image is determined by the one- or more-frame 2D cross-sectional image
- the contour of the intracranial region is adjusted and generated; the three-dimensional brain contour re-fitted according to the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images is displayed; Outline, re-determine the volume of the skull in the head.
- the method further includes: displaying one frame or two frames of the three-dimensional volume data obtained based on the three-dimensional volume data Dimensional slice image; display the outline of the new intracranial region of one or more frame 2D slice images of the 3D volume data, where the new outline of one or more frame 2D slice images of the 3D volume data is passed through The contour of the intracranial region of one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data is adjusted; the contour of the new intracranial region displayed according to the one or more two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data is reconstructed The combined three-dimensional skull outline; showing the volume of the skull in the head re-determined according to the re-fitted three-dimensional skull outline.
- an ultrasound imaging method comprising: transmitting ultrasound waves to a fetal head, and receiving ultrasound echoes, to obtain ultrasound echo signals; obtaining ultrasound signals of the fetal head according to the ultrasound echo signals Three-dimensional volume data; decompose the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; separately divide the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image; according to the predetermined The contour of the intracranial region in the number of two-dimensional slice images fits the three-dimensional brain contour of the fetal head; according to the three-dimensional brain contour, the volume of the skull in the head is determined.
- an ultrasound imaging system including: a probe; a transmitting circuit, the transmitting circuit excites the probe to transmit ultrasonic waves to a fetal head; a receiving circuit, the receiving circuit passes the The probe receives the ultrasonic echo returned from the fetal head to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal; a processor, the processor processes the ultrasonic echo signal to obtain three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head; a display, the display displays The three-dimensional volume data; wherein, the processor further executes the steps of: decomposing the three-dimensional volume data, generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, and segmenting the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, respectively, to obtain two-dimensional The contour of the intracranial region in the cross-sectional image; fitting the three-dimensional cranial brain contour of the head according to the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images; and according to the three-dimensional cranial brain contour,
- the display is further configured to display at least one of the following: the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image, and the three-dimensional skull outline of the head, The volume of the skull in the head.
- an ultrasound imaging system characterized in that it includes: a probe; a transmitting circuit that excites the probe to transmit ultrasonic waves to the fetal head; a receiving circuit that receives The circuit receives the ultrasound echo returned from the fetal head through the probe to obtain an ultrasound echo signal; the processor performs the method described in any one of the above.
- the storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute any one of the above Ultrasound imaging method.
- a processor for running a program wherein the ultrasound imaging method described in any one of the above is executed when the program is executed.
- a computer device including: a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program; the processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, When the computer program runs, it executes any of the ultrasound imaging methods described above.
- three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head is obtained, wherein the three-dimensional volume data is data obtained by scanning the head with ultrasound; the three-dimensional volume data is decomposed to generate a predetermined number of two Dimensional slice image; segment the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image; according to the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, fit The three-dimensional skull outline of the head; according to the three-dimensional skull outline, the way to determine the volume of the skull in the head, through the three-dimensional ultrasound scanning, to achieve the purpose of accurate and rapid scanning of the fetal head, thereby achieving Increasing the fetal head scanning speed and improving the technical effect of measurement accuracy, and thus solving the technical problems in the related art, such as low accuracy and slow measurement speed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of an ultrasound imaging device 10 in an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the measurement positions of the double top diameter head and head circumference according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a fetal brain volume measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of using a short axis of an ellipse as a rotation axis of a brain when generating a two-dimensional slice image according to a rotation method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 7b is a schematic diagram of the rotation axis of the cranial brain with the vertical line centered on the center point of the ellipse when the two-dimensional slice image is generated according to the rotation mode according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of using the long axis direction of the ellipse as the translation direction when determining the translation direction and range according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 8b is a schematic diagram of using the horizontal direction as the translation direction when determining the translation direction and range according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of fitting a three-dimensional skull outline according to a two-dimensional segmentation result according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the display of the cranial brain volume according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a free adjustment mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasound imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of an ultrasound imaging device 10 in an embodiment of the present application.
- the ultrasound imaging apparatus 10 may include a probe 100, a transmission circuit 101, a transmission / reception selection switch 102, a reception circuit 103, a beam synthesis circuit 104, a processor 105, and a display 106.
- the transmitting circuit 101 may excite the probe 100 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the target object.
- the receiving circuit 103 may receive the ultrasonic echo returned from the target object through the probe 100, thereby obtaining an ultrasonic echo signal.
- the processor 105 processes the ultrasound echo signal to obtain an ultrasound image of the target object.
- the ultrasound image obtained by the processor 105 may be stored in the memory 107. These ultrasound images can be displayed on the display 106.
- a method embodiment of an ultrasound imaging method is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and, Although a logical sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from here.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
- Step S202 acquiring three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head, wherein the three-dimensional volume data is data obtained by scanning the head with ultrasound;
- Step S204 decompose the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images
- Step S206 Separate the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice images
- Step S208 Fit the three-dimensional skull outline of the head according to the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images;
- Step S210 Determine the volume of the skull in the head according to the three-dimensional skull outline.
- the measurement method has low accuracy and slow measurement speed.
- the three-dimensional volume data may include the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement points on the fetal head in the spatial solid coordinate system, and may also include the position function of the fetal brain in the three-dimensional solid coordinate system.
- the three-dimensional volume data may further include the three-dimensional dimensions of the fetal brain, and the three-dimensional dimensions may be length, width, and height.
- the three-dimensional volume data may be a three-dimensional array obtained by scanning with ultrasound, that is, the outline of the scanned skull is reflected by the array. According to the above three-dimensional volume data, the three-dimensional size of the fetal brain can be determined.
- the above three-dimensional volume data can be determined in various ways. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional volume data is acquired through ultrasonic detection.
- the above-mentioned acquisition of three-dimensional volume data may be obtained by real-time scanning, or may be scanned and stored in advance, and may be read from the memory when the cranial brain volume needs to be measured.
- Decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images can be based on the three-dimensional volume data to generate a plurality of two-dimensional slice images of the fetal head, the number of the two-dimensional slice images can be preset, the predetermined number Can be multiple. The larger the number of the above two-dimensional slice images, the more accurate the three-dimensional outline of the fetal cranial brain determined, and the greater the corresponding calculation amount. Determine the outlines of multiple two-dimensional slice images, and then determine the three-dimensional outline of the fetal brain according to the outlines of the multiple two-dimensional slice images.
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images may be slice images of the fetal head in various directions.
- the position of the two-dimensional slice images is related to the method of decomposing the three-dimensional volume data.
- the predetermined number may be determined based on a plurality of parallel slice images.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images can also be determined according to a fixed rotation axis to determine a slice image rotating around the rotation axis.
- the predetermined number of generated two-dimensional slice images may vary.
- the predetermined number of generated two-dimensional slices may be adaptively changed according to volume data, and therefore, the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images generated by different volume data may be different. That is to say, in this article, the "predetermined number" is not limited to a predetermined and constant value, but also includes a predetermined change value, also includes the system real-time adaptively set value.
- each two-dimensional slice image is segmented separately to divide the intracranial region in the skull of the two-dimensional slice image, thereby determining the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image Outline.
- the user can manually draw the outline of the intracranial region by using the input device.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image can also be automatically generated according to the contour generation algorithm. It is also possible to determine the intracranial contour in the two-dimensional slice image in combination with the above-mentioned user drawing method using the touch device and the contour generation algorithm. Therefore, the two-dimensional slice images are separated according to the outline.
- the three-dimensional skull outline of the skull is fitted according to the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, and the outline of the intracranial region in the plurality of two-dimensional slice images is used to form the three-dimensional skull outline of the fetal skull.
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are determined based on the three-dimensional volume data, the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images have a certain spatial relationship, and the spatial relationship of the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images is different in different division methods.
- the two-dimensional cross-sectional images with different spatial relationships have different three-dimensional skull contours. Generally, the more the two-dimensional cross-sectional images, the more accurate the three-dimensional brain contours are.
- the determining the volume of the skull in the head according to the three-dimensional skull outline may include: after determining the three-dimensional skull outline, the three-dimensional skull may be determined according to the three-dimensional skull outline and the volume algorithm The volume of the brain.
- decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images includes: determining a brain rotation axis in the brain based on the three-dimensional volume data; generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the brain rotation axis.
- the above method of generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images based on the three-dimensional volume data is opposite to the method of fitting the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to the three-dimensional contour of the brain, but the same kind of generation (fitting) can be used the way.
- the brain rotation axis in the brain is determined based on the three-dimensional volume data; a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated according to the brain rotation axis, and the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images all pass through the rotation axis. That is, when a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated from the three-dimensional volume data, a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated according to the determined rotation axis.
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are divided according to the rotation of the determined rotation axis, and the outline of the three-dimensional brain is fitted according to the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images.
- this embodiment uses the above-mentioned determination of the rotation axis of the brain in the brain based on the three-dimensional volume data; the method of generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the rotation axis of the brain determines the predetermined number of two-dimensional slices
- the image, which uses the rotation axis of the brain to generate a two-dimensional slice image, is not only easy to operate, but also has a high generation efficiency. From one side, the efficiency of determining the volume of the skull in the head is improved.
- determining the rotation axis of the brain in the brain based on the three-dimensional volume data includes: performing ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the skull halo appears as an elliptical target; ; Determine the rotation axis of the brain according to the ellipse parameters.
- the rotation axis of the brain When determining the rotation axis of the brain, it can be determined according to the geometric center of the outline of the fetal head, so that the generation of the entire fetal brain outline can be effectively considered, and the precision and accuracy are relatively uniform. Since the cross-sectional image of the skull halo of the fetal brain is generally elliptical, the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data can be first subjected to ellipse detection to determine the oval shape of the skull halo of the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data.
- the ellipse parameters corresponding to the ellipse are determined according to the ellipse determined above, including the long axis, short axis, and focal length of the ellipse.
- the position of the rotation axis of the brain can be determined by the geometric calculation method based on the above ellipse parameters, which is scientific and efficient, with high accuracy and small error.
- generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the rotation axis of the brain includes: determining a rotation angle according to a rate of change of the contour of the three-dimensional volume data; and generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the rotation angle.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images can be generated in various ways, or according to the rotation angle, the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images generated according to need can be divided equally Rotation angle. It is also possible to determine the rotation angle according to the change rate of the outline of the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, and to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the rotation angle. Compared with the above method of equalizing the rotation angle, it is more reasonable to generate a two-dimensional slice image according to the change rate, which can more accurately reflect the different changes of the outline of the three-dimensional volume data between the two two-dimensional slice images. In the subsequent steps, fitting the three-dimensional brain outline according to the separated two-dimensional slice images can be more realistic and accurate.
- decomposing the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images includes: determining the direction of the brain translation and the range of the brain translation in the three-dimensional volume data; generating a predetermined number of Two-dimensional slice image.
- generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images based on the three-dimensional volume data may also be performed by translating a slice image in a certain direction to determine multiple parallel two-dimensional slice images.
- the length of the brain is different in different directions, so the translation range of the brain in different directions of translation is also different.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images are generated according to the above-mentioned cranial brain translation direction, cranial brain translation range, and the predetermined number of the two-dimensional slice images.
- determining the direction of the brain translation and the range of the brain translation in the three-dimensional volume data includes: performing an ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the skull halo appears as an elliptical target; and the detected ellipse is determined Ellipse parameters; according to the ellipse parameters, determine the direction of brain translation and the range of brain translation.
- the ellipse detection is performed on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data.
- the cross-sectional image may be a cross-sectional image parallel to the cranial brain translation direction.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images are located on the cross-sectional image.
- the position of the predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images may be determined in the ellipse of the cross-sectional image according to the skull halo.
- the ellipse parameters of the ellipse can be determined according to the ellipse of the skull halo, and then the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range can be determined according to the ellipse parameters.
- generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the translational direction of the cranial brain and the translational range of the cranial brain includes: determining the cutting in the translational direction of the cranial brain and within the translational range of the cranial brain according to the rate of change of the contour of the three-dimensional volume data Interval; Generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the cutting interval.
- cranial brain translation range may also be a translation range in which two adjacent two-dimensional slice images are changed according to a rule.
- the cutting interval in the translational direction of the brain and within the translational range of the brain may be determined according to the rate of change of the three-dimensional volume data, that is, the position of the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images. Then, a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated according to the above-mentioned cutting interval.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images can be segmented separately to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice images. For example, at least one of the following methods can be used to divide the predetermined number
- the two-dimensional slice image is segmented to obtain the contour of the intracranial area in the two-dimensional slice image: the input boundary for drawing the contour is received, and the contour of the intracranial area in the two-dimensional slice image is determined according to the boundary; the input is received in the predetermined target area
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are segmented according to the points or lines in a predetermined manner to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image; the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are segmented according to the predetermined image content To obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image.
- the three-dimensional volume data is segmented according to the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image in various ways.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image can be determined according to the boundary by receiving the input boundary for contouring.
- the input boundary can be a contour boundary manually drawn by the user according to the touch screen, or automatically according to the recognition software. Identify the outline boundary of the intracranial region in the above two-dimensional slice image.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image can also be obtained by receiving the input points or lines in the predetermined target area and segmenting a predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images according to the points or lines in a predetermined manner.
- the above outline may be a point or line input by the user according to the touch screen, and then the brain outline is semi-automatically divided according to the segmentation algorithm. For example, you can use Graph Cut, Random Walker, Level Set and other algorithms for semi-automatic segmentation.
- a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images according to the image content of the two-dimensional slice image (for example, the pixel value of each pixel in the two-dimensional slice image, the grayscale characteristics of the image, the texture characteristics of the image, etc.), Obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image.
- the above outline can be directly segmented from the image in the two-dimensional slice image according to the segmentation algorithm to obtain the craniocerebral region.
- traditional image segmentation algorithms such as Graph Cut, Snake, ASM, etc., or UNet in deep learning can also be used.
- MaskRCNN, FCN and other algorithms for automatic segmentation of two-dimensional images of the skull.
- fitting the three-dimensional cranial brain contour of the cranial brain includes: according to the space corresponding to the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images Position, the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image is correspondingly mapped into the three-dimensional space; the other contour surface points in the three-dimensional space are filled by interpolation fitting to obtain the three-dimensional skull contour of the brain.
- the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images corresponding to the spatial position corresponding to the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images Map to the three-dimensional space, according to the generation method of the two-dimensional slice images, and the contour of the intracranial region in each two-dimensional slice image, determine the relationship between the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images in the three-dimensional space, as shown in Figure 9 Is a mapping of a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images determined by the rotation axis of the brain in three-dimensional space, and the points in the figure are three-dimensional contour points on the three-dimensional brain.
- the other contour surface points in the three-dimensional space are filled by interpolation fitting to obtain a three-dimensional brain contour.
- the already generated three-dimensional brain outline can be changed or readjusted, thereby improving the accuracy of the three-dimensional brain outline.
- changing or readjusting the already generated 3D skull outline there are many ways to change the 3D skull outline directly, or by changing the 2D slice image that fits the 3D skull outline , To change the outline of the three-dimensional brain.
- it may further include: displaying one or more frames of the two-dimensional slice images in the aforementioned predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, And adjust the contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images to generate a new contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images; according to the one or more two-dimensional slices The contour of the new intracranial region of the image is re-fitted to the three-dimensional brain contour; according to the re-fitted three-dimensional brain contour, the volume of the brain in the brain is re-determined.
- the adjustment of the contour of the intracranial region may also be performed only for the contour of the base of the skull in the contour of the intracranial region. Thereby reducing the workload of adjustment. For example, in one embodiment, after determining the volume of the skull in the brain according to the three-dimensional skull outline, one or more frames of the two-dimensional slice images of the aforementioned predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images may be displayed, and the The contour of the bottom of the brain in the one- or more-frame 2D slice images is adjusted to generate a new contour of the intracranial region of the one- or more-frame 2D slice images, and then according to the one- or more-frame 2D slices The contour of the new intracranial region of the image is re-fitted to the three-dimensional brain contour, and the volume of the brain in the brain is re-determined based on the re-fitted three-dimensional brain contour.
- the contour of the intracranial region can be adjusted through control points. For example, in one embodiment, after determining the volume of the brain in the brain according to the three-dimensional brain contour, the one- or two-frame two-dimensional slices can be used.
- the contour of the intracranial region of the image (or the contour of the bottom of the brain in the contour of the intracranial region) generates a control point and displays the control point, and then receives the operation on the control point
- the contour of the intracranial region of the frame two-dimensional slice image is adjusted to generate a new contour of the intracranial region of the one or more frame two-dimensional slice images.
- the adjustment of the contour of the intracranial region can also be performed in other suitable ways, which is not limited in this article.
- part of the contours of different intracranial regions can be modified according to actual needs.
- the bottom of the skull is often affected by acoustic shadows, which is prone to erroneous segmentation, so
- a control point is generated according to the outline of the base of the skull in the contour of the intracranial region in any two-dimensional slice image, and the control point is displayed, mainly for the cranial brain The contour of the bottom is changed.
- the contour of the bottom of the brain is changed, thereby changing the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image, and regenerated according to the contour of the modified intracranial region Three-dimensional skull outline. Since the regeneration of the three-dimensional brain contour is obtained by modifying the previously constructed three-dimensional brain contour, it can be more realistic and accurate than the three-dimensional brain contour obtained by segmenting only the two-dimensional slice image The actual situation of the skull is displayed, so it is more accurate to determine the volume of the skull in the head according to the modified three-dimensional skull outline.
- the contour of the intracranial region may also be adjusted or adjusted based on any one or more two-dimensional slice images in the three-dimensional volume data
- one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images of three-dimensional volume data may be obtained based on the aforementioned three-dimensional volume data, and the intracranial region in the one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data
- the contour of the 3D volume data is adjusted to generate the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more 2D slice images of the 3D volume data, and then the new intracranial region of the one or more 2D slice images of the 3D volume data is generated
- the contour is re-fitted to the three-dimensional skull outline, and the volume of the skull in the head is re-determined according to the re-fitted three-dimensional skull outline.
- the generated 3D cranial brain contour When changing or readjusting the generated 3D cranial brain contour, you can obtain any one or more frames of 2D slice images from the 3D volume data through rotation operation or translation operation, and then outline the intracranial region Perform adjustments to generate a new intracranial region contour of the one or more two-dimensional slice images, and then generate a three-dimensional brain contour according to the new intracranial region contour. Since the regeneration of the three-dimensional brain contour is obtained by modifying the previously constructed three-dimensional brain contour, it can be more realistic and accurate than the three-dimensional brain contour obtained by segmenting only the two-dimensional slice image The actual situation of the skull is displayed, so it is more accurate to determine the volume of the skull in the head according to the modified three-dimensional skull outline.
- the adjustment of the contour of the intracranial region can also be performed for the contour of the base of the skull.
- the adjustment of the contour can also be achieved by generating control points on the contour and receiving operations on the control points as described above.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, according to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, another ultrasound imaging method is provided. The method includes:
- Step S302 displaying three-dimensional volume data of the fetal cranial brain, wherein the three-dimensional volume data is data obtained by scanning the cranial brain through ultrasound;
- Step S304 displaying a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images generated by decomposing the three-dimensional volume data
- Step S306 displaying the contour of the intracranial region in the obtained two-dimensional slice image after segmenting the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images respectively;
- Step S308 displaying the three-dimensional craniocerebral contour of the cranial brain fitted according to the contour of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional cross-sectional images;
- Step S310 displaying the volume of the skull in the skull determined according to the three-dimensional skull outline.
- the execution body of the above steps may be a display device.
- the raw data used is the three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head, relative to the determination of the volume of the skull in the head with respect to the two-dimensional section, it will make the determination
- the results are more accurate; in addition, because it is not directly determined based on the three-dimensional volume data, but is determined using the three-dimensional brain contour fitted by the two-dimensional slice image generated by the three-dimensional volume data, due to the data of the two-dimensional slice image Compared with the huge three-dimensional volume data, the processing volume is greatly reduced, so the processing efficiency can be effectively improved.
- the measurement method has low accuracy and slow measurement speed.
- the processor of the display device can perform data processing and acquisition, and the display device can display it. It is also possible to receive and process data according to the processing device, and the processing device sends the displayed data to the display device for display by the display device.
- the method before displaying the decomposed three-dimensional volume data and generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the method further includes: displaying the cranial rotation axis in the cranial brain in the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the cranial rotation axis is used to generate the predetermined Number of two-dimensional slice images.
- the brain rotation axis can be displayed first, and after the brain rotation axis is displayed, the brain rotation can be re-adjusted according to the brain rotation axis displayed on the display in conjunction with the touch device The position of the axis.
- the method before displaying the brain rotation axis in the brain in the three-dimensional volume data, the method further includes: displaying an ellipse detected based on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the ellipse parameter of the ellipse is used to determine the brain rotation axis.
- the brain rotation axis can be determined according to the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data. For example, an ellipse detected based on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data may be displayed, and the brain rotation axis may be determined based on the ellipse.
- the user can change the ellipse according to the ellipse displayed by the display device in combination with the touch device. There are many ways to change the ellipse. For example, the above manual method for the user to completely modify the touch device according to the touch device, and the automatic method to change according to the change algorithm , And a semi-automatic mode combining manual mode and automatic mode.
- the method before displaying the decomposed three-dimensional volume data and generating a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the method further includes: displaying the cranial brain translation direction and cranial brain translation range in the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range The brain translation range is used to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images.
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated according to the translation method
- the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images are generated according to the cranial brain translation direction and the cranial brain translation range, and the cranial brain translation direction and The range of the craniocerebral translation can be changed according to the display device and the touch device to change the direction of the craniocerebral translation and the range of the craniocerebral translation displayed above.
- the method before displaying the cranial brain translation direction and cranial brain translation range in the three-dimensional volume data, the method further includes: displaying an ellipse detected according to the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, wherein the ellipse parameter of the ellipse is used to determine the cranial Brain translation direction and craniocerebral translation range.
- the above-mentioned cranial brain translation direction and cranial brain translation range are determined according to the ellipse of the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data, and the ellipse may be displayed first.
- the above ellipse can also be modified according to the display device and the touch device.
- the outline of the intracranial region in the obtained two-dimensional slice image is obtained by segmenting a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images in at least one of the following ways: displaying the boundary for describing the outline, and displaying according to the boundary The contour of the intracranial area in the two-dimensional slice image; the points or lines displayed in the predetermined target area, after dividing the two-dimensional slice image according to the points or lines, the contour of the intracranial area in the two-dimensional slice image is displayed; the predetermined image is displayed Content, after dividing the two-dimensional slice image according to the predetermined image content, the outline of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image is displayed.
- each mode has a different display mode. At least the state before separation and the state after separation are displayed, and each state at the time of change can also be included.
- the boundary used to describe the contour can be displayed, and the contour of the intracranial area in the two-dimensional slice image can be displayed according to the boundary.
- the semi-automatic mode the point or line within the predetermined target area can be displayed. After dividing the 2D slice image by line, the outline of the intracranial area in the 2D slice image is displayed.
- the predetermined image content can be displayed. After the 2D slice image is divided according to the predetermined image content, the 2D slice is displayed. The outline of the intracranial area in the image.
- fitting the three-dimensional brain outline of the cranial brain may include: displaying the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images in the skull The contour of the inner region is correspondingly mapped to the three-dimensional contour in the three-dimensional space; the three-dimensional brain contour after filling the other contour surface points in the mapped three-dimensional space is displayed.
- the volume of the skull in the brain determined according to the three-dimensional skull outline may further include: displaying one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images in a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; for the predetermined number The one or more two-dimensional slice images in the two-dimensional slice image of the image, showing the outline of the new intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images, wherein the one or more two-dimensional slice images are new
- the contour is generated by adjusting the contour of the intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images; the three-dimensional skull refitted from the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more two-dimensional slice images is displayed.
- Brain outline display the volume of the brain in the brain re-determined according to the three-dimensional brain outline refitted.
- the cranial brain after displaying the volume of the skull in the cranial brain determined according to the three-dimensional cranial contour, it may further include: displaying one or more frames of two-dimensional slice images of the three-dimensional volume data obtained based on the three-dimensional volume data; The contour of the new intracranial region of one or more frames of 2D slice images of the 3D volume data, wherein the new contour of one or more frames of 2D slice images of the 3D volume data passes through one frame of the 3D volume data Or the contour of the intracranial region of the multi-frame two-dimensional slice image is adjusted and generated; the three-dimensional cranial brain contour re-fitted from the contour of the new intracranial region of the one or more frame of the two-dimensional slice image of the three-dimensional volume data is displayed; The volume of the skull in the skull is re-determined according to the re-fitted three-dimensional skull outline.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another ultrasound imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, according to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, an ultrasound imaging method is also provided. The method includes the following steps:
- Step S402 transmitting ultrasound waves to the fetal brain and receiving ultrasound echoes to obtain ultrasound echo signals;
- Step S404 obtaining three-dimensional volume data of the fetal brain according to the ultrasonic echo signal
- Step S406 Decompose the three-dimensional volume data to generate a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images
- Step S408 Segment the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image
- Step S410 Fit the three-dimensional skull outline of the fetal brain according to the outline of the intracranial region in the predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images; according to the three-dimensional skull outline, determine the volume of the skull in the brain.
- the above steps are to obtain real-time three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head.
- the original data used is the three-dimensional volume data of the fetal head
- the determination of the volume of the skull in the head relative to the two-dimensional surface will make the determination result more accurate; in addition, because it is not a direct basis
- Three-dimensional volume data is used to determine, but the three-dimensional brain contour fitted with the two-dimensional slice image generated by the three-dimensional volume data is used to determine. Because the data processing of the two-dimensional slice image is much larger than the huge three-dimensional volume data. The amount of processing is reduced, so the processing efficiency can be effectively improved.
- the measurement method has low accuracy and slow measurement speed.
- This embodiment also provides an ultrasound imaging method. The embodiment will be described in detail below.
- Ultrasound instruments are generally used by doctors to observe the internal tissue structure of the human body.
- the doctor places the ultrasound probe on the skin surface corresponding to the body part to obtain an ultrasound image of the part.
- ultrasound has become one of the main auxiliary methods for doctors to diagnose.
- obstetrics is one of the most widely used areas for ultrasound diagnosis.
- ultrasound avoids X-rays and other maternal and The impact of the fetus is of higher application value.
- Ultrasound can not only observe and measure the morphology of the fetus, but also obtain a variety of physiological and case information such as fetal respiration and urinary to evaluate the health and development of the fetus.
- fetal biological parameters are the most important method to evaluate fetal development.
- Commonly used biological parameters include head circumference, double top diameter, occipital frontal diameter, abdominal circumference and femoral length.
- head circumference, double top diameter and occipital front Diameter is the most important indicator for evaluating fetal cranial brain development.
- These parameters are usually measured on a two-dimensional double-top diameter cross-sectional image. The operation is convenient and simple, but fetal cranial brain development is a three-dimensional development process, only in two-dimensional slices.
- the measurement on the image can reflect the development of the brain to a certain extent, but it also has certain limitations. For example, microcephaly is a congenital malformation.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the measurement position of the double-top diameter head and head circumference according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. The measurement position of the diameter and head circumference is not the most serious area of the microcephaly lesion area, so it is difficult to reflect to a large extent, the head circumference of the fetus of cerebellum.
- the cranial volume of three-dimensional ultrasound is more conducive to reflect the growth and development of the fetal brain, thereby making it easier to diagnose microcephaly.
- the manual measurement of the three-dimensional volume is extremely troublesome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the accuracy of the measurement cannot be guaranteed.
- there is no special tool for automatically measuring the fetal brain volume which limits the clinical promotion of brain volume measurement.
- This embodiment provides a method for automatically measuring the volume of the fetal cranial brain. With the method of this embodiment, the volume of the fetal cranial brain can be quickly obtained.
- the fetal brain volume is also the fetal brain volume.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a fetal brain volume measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a group of pulses that are delayed and focused are sent to a probe through a transmitting circuit.
- the probe transmits ultrasonic waves to the tissue of the body under test after a certain period of time. After the delay, the ultrasonic wave reflected from the tissue of the body under test is received.
- the echo signal enters the beam synthesizer, completes the focus delay, weighting, and channel summation, and undergoes signal processing.
- a complete probe fan sweep cycle is processed by the signal to obtain a volume of reconstructed precursor data (polar coordinates), and then The 3D reconstruction process converts polar coordinate volume data into rectangular coordinate volume data.
- the user places the probe in the fetal cranial region to scan through the above steps to obtain three-dimensional cranial volume data, and then divides the volume data to obtain the contour of the intracranial region, and finally displays the intracranial contour and volume.
- the core link of this embodiment is the brain volume segmentation and measurement.
- the brain volume is a three-dimensional volume data, and the data volume is large. It is time-consuming to directly adopt the three-dimensional segmentation method, and it is difficult to meet the clinical use requirements. Therefore, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional volume data is decomposed into several two-dimensional slice images according to the rules, the image is segmented on the two-dimensional slice image, and then the outline of the three-dimensional brain is fitted according to the result of the two-dimensional segmentation.
- the craniocerebral volume measurement method provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:
- Step 1 Obtain the three-dimensional volume data of the fetal brain
- the cross-section of the brain can be artificially selected as the initial slice image of the 3D or 4D scan, which is more conducive to the clear display of intracranial structures.
- this embodiment is not limited to the use of cross-sectional images as the starting point for other 3D or 4D scans. Both the coronal and sagittal planes can be used as the initial cross-sectional images of the scan.
- Step 2 Decompose the three-dimensional brain volume data into several two-dimensional slice images
- the three-dimensional brain volume data is decomposed into several two-dimensional slice images.
- step 2 When the above step 2 is performed, it can be performed according to different methods.
- the rotation method can be used to generate a two-dimensional slice image, or the translation method can be used to generate a two-dimensional slice image.
- the above two methods for performing step 2 are described in detail below.
- the first method is to generate a two-dimensional slice image using a rotation method, which may include the following steps:
- Step 211 Determine the rotation axis of the brain
- the optimal position of the brain rotation axis is the central area of the brain, so that the generated two-dimensional slice images include the brain.
- a method for determining the brain rotation axis is also provided. The method includes the following step:
- Step 211a Perform ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data of the craniocerebral so that the ellipse contains the skull halo;
- the image in the middle of the frame in the Z direction or the middle-most area is the cross-sectional image of the brain.
- the coronal plane is used as the starting slice image scan
- the image in the middle of the frame in the X direction of the volume data or the image near the middle is the cranial cross-sectional image.
- the sagittal plane is used as the initial slice image
- the image in the middle of the frame in the Y direction of the volume data or the image near the middle is the cranial cross-sectional image.
- the skull halo appears as a highlighted ellipse target.
- the highlighted area of the skull can be extracted first, and then the ellipse detection method is used to detect the ellipse.
- Commonly used ellipse detection methods include but are not limited to least square estimation , Hough transform, Randon transform, Ransac and other algorithms, through ellipse detection, you can get the center coordinates of the ellipse and the length of the long and short axis of the ellipse, the center of the ellipse corresponds to the center of the brain.
- Step 211b Determine the brain rotation axis according to the fitted ellipse parameters.
- FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of using the short axis of the ellipse as the rotation axis of the brain when generating a two-dimensional slice image according to the rotation mode of the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. Axis and short axis After obtaining the ellipse parameters, the short axis of the ellipse can be used as the rotation axis of the brain.
- FIG. 7b is the vertical line centered on the center of the ellipse when generating the two-dimensional slice image according to the rotation mode of the embodiment of the present invention.
- a schematic diagram of the rotation axis of the brain as shown in FIG. 7b, the vertical line centered on the center point of the ellipse may also be the rotation axis of the brain.
- Step 212 Generate a two-dimensional slice image according to the rotation axis.
- a plane is formed every time the rotation axis rotates by a certain angle, and the image content of the plane is obtained from the volume data by interpolation algorithm (such as bilinear, spline interpolation) to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional slice image.
- the rotation process can be uniform sampling, for example, a two-dimensional slice image is generated every 10 °; it can also be non-uniform, for example, in a region with a small change in contour, a two-dimensional slice image is generated every 10 °, and the contour changes For a relatively large area, a two-dimensional slice image is generated every 5 °, and the non-uniform sampling strategy can make the three-dimensional segmentation in the best state in terms of speed and segmentation accuracy.
- Method 2 A translation method is used to generate a two-dimensional slice image.
- the method may include the following steps:
- Step 221 Determine the direction and range of the brain translation
- step 2221 Similar to the method of determining the rotation axis in way 1, another method for determining the direction and range of the brain translation is provided in step 221.
- the method includes the following steps:
- Step 221a Perform ellipse detection on the cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional volume data of the craniocerebral so that the ellipse contains the skull halo;
- the ellipse detection method can be consistent with the ellipse detection method in the first way.
- Step 221b Determine the translation direction and range.
- FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of using the long axis direction of the ellipse as the translation direction when determining the translation direction and range according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the long axis direction of the ellipse can be used as the translation direction.
- the area between the two end points of the long axis is the translation range, as shown in the area between AB in FIG. 8a;
- FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of using the horizontal direction as the translation direction when determining the translation direction and range according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8b
- the horizontal direction can also be used as the translation direction, and the area between the leftmost point and the rightmost point of the ellipse is the translation range, as shown in the area between the CDs in FIG. 8b.
- Step 222 Generate a two-dimensional slice image according to the translation direction and range.
- a plane is formed perpendicular to the cross-sectional image at a certain distance within the translation range, and the image content of the plane is interpolated from the volume data through interpolation algorithms (such as bilinear, spline interpolation) to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional image .
- the translation process can be uniform sampling, for example, divide the AB into 5 planes evenly as shown in Figure 8a, or divide the CD into 5 planes evenly as shown in Figure 8b; it can also be non-uniform sampling, the contour change is relatively small Intensive sampling is performed in areas where the contour changes are relatively large, and sparse sampling is performed.
- Step 3 Segment the above two-dimensional craniocerebral slice image
- each slice image is segmented to obtain the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image.
- Craniocerebral volume measures the area within the skull (excluding the skull). Therefore, the two-dimensional image segmentation is to segment the tissue area within the skull. It can be divided by manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic methods.
- Semi-automatic segmentation involves the user drawing some points or lines in the target area, and then designing a semi-automatic segmentation algorithm to guide the algorithm to image segmentation according to the points / lines drawn by the user. You can then use an interactive algorithm to semi-automatically segment the brain contour You can use Graph Cut, Random Walker, Level Set and other algorithms for semi-automatic segmentation.
- the algorithm directly divides the brain region in the image according to the image content, you can use traditional image segmentation algorithms such as Graph Cut, Snake, ASM, or UNet, MaskRCNN, FCN in deep learning, etc.
- the algorithm performs full-automatic segmentation of the two-dimensional image of the cranial brain.
- the outline of the brain boundary corresponding to the two-dimensional slice image can be obtained.
- Step 4 Fit the three-dimensional brain outline according to the above two-dimensional segmentation results
- the two-dimensional slice images are generated from the craniocerebral volume data according to the rotation or translation rules, and the corresponding contours of the two-dimensional slice images can be mapped back into the three-dimensional volume data to become a closed curve in the three-dimensional space. Therefore, after obtaining the skull boundary contours corresponding to all 2D slice images, the contours in the 2D slice images can be mapped into the 3D space according to the spatial position corresponding to the contours, and then the 3D space can be filled by interpolation fitting. Other contour surface points.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of fitting a three-dimensional brain outline according to a two-dimensional segmentation result according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vertical meridian is a contour map obtained from the two-dimensional slice image segmentation Back to the three-dimensional contour formed in the three-dimensional volume data.
- the three-dimensional contour lines are sampled at equal intervals to form a series of three-dimensional contour points, and then the spline or polynomial interpolation is performed on the same position points on each line to obtain the surface contour of the three-dimensional brain.
- Set the spacing between contours to be dense enough that the surface contours can fill all the surface points of the skull contour.
- the translation method can also obtain the three-dimensional skull outline by interpolation fitting.
- Step 5 Calculate the volume of the brain according to the three-dimensional skull outline
- the volume of the brain can be obtained directly from the surface contour using the Mirtich formula.
- the area growth algorithm or morphology algorithm can fill the area within the outline to obtain the skull outline area mark Mask (in this Mask, the point value belonging to the intracranial tissue area is 1, and the remaining points are 0) .
- the cranial brain volume can be calculated according to the Mask.
- One method is to accumulate the number of voxels with a value of 1 in the Mask, and then multiply the cube of the physical distance of the unit voxel to obtain the cranial brain volume.
- Step 6 display the results
- the displayed result may include the volume measurement result value calculated in step 5.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a skull volume display according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional skull outline by surface rendering or volume rendering using a ray tracing method; the display method may be either physical display or Adopt grid display; it can be displayed opaquely or transparently.
- the projection of the three-dimensional brain outline on the two-dimensional cross-sectional image that is, to display the grayscale image of the two-dimensional slice image and the two-dimensional brain outline map (as shown in Fig. 10A, Fig. 10B, and Fig. 10C, in which the A plane, B plane, and C plane Are three orthogonal slice images).
- This embodiment also provides a method for adjusting the outline of the brain, which will be described in detail below.
- contour adjustment may be performed on the aforementioned predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images obtained by decomposing three-dimensional volume data, and then the three-dimensional contour is refitted according to the result of the adjustment.
- any one frame or multiple frames of 2D slice images of the 3D volume data may be generated based on the 3D volume data, contour adjustment may be performed on any one frame or multiple frames of 2D slice images of the 3D volume data, and then Refit the adjusted two-dimensional contour into a three-dimensional brain contour.
- Multiple two-dimensional slice images and their outlines can be displayed on the screen at the same time.
- the user observes the segmentation effect of the above slice images and adjusts the unsatisfactory segmentation area. It is also possible to display the slice images one by one, and the user observes and adjusts the slice images one by one.
- the adjustment method may be to generate multiple control points by sampling the two-dimensional contour, and the user drags the control points to adjust.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the solid line area in the left figure is the contour of the original segmentation
- the dashed line is the animation line of the user ’s hand.
- the trend of the end extends the curve drawn by the user and forms an intersection with the original contour, thereby forming a new closed contour, that is, the dotted area in the right figure.
- One method of extending the curve is to use the curvature of the curve drawn manually by the user to determine the direction of the curve, for example, to calculate the curvature of the curve near the end point, so that the curvature of the extended portion is consistent with the area near the end of the curve drawn manually by the user.
- the three-dimensional skull outline can be re-fitted according to the adjusted outline, and the brain volume can be calculated according to the re-fitted three-dimensional skull outline.
- the solid outline is the outline before adjustment
- the dashed outline is the outline after adjustment
- point B around point A will also be Automatically move to B 'to.
- the direction of the straight line BB ' can be consistent with that of AA'
- t1 f (t, d).
- a function expression that meets the above conditions is:
- D is the distance threshold.
- D is the distance threshold.
- the above-mentioned distance d may be a straight-line distance between AB or a curve distance between AB along the contour.
- the cranial crest and both sides of the craniocerebral area are skulls, which show high echo on ultrasound, which is easier to segment and generally does not segmentation errors.
- the bottom of the skull is often affected by sound and shadow, which is prone to erroneous segmentation and is the main area to be adjusted. Therefore, in the foregoing embodiment, the contour of the base area of the skull can also be adjusted mainly.
- the ultrasound imaging system includes: a probe 1302, a transmitting circuit 1304, a receiving circuit 1306, a processor 1308, and a display 1310. The device will be described in detail.
- the display 1310 is further used to display at least one of the following: a predetermined number of two-dimensional slice images, the contour of the intracranial region in the two-dimensional slice image, the three-dimensional skull outline of the brain, and the skull volume.
- the storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to perform any one of the ultrasound imaging methods described above.
- a processor for running a program wherein any one of the above-mentioned ultrasound imaging methods is executed when the program runs.
- a computer device including: a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program; a processor, used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, the computer program executes the above when running Any one of the ultrasound imaging methods.
- the disclosed technical content may be implemented in other ways.
- the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
- the division of the unit may be a logical function division.
- there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may Integration into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
- the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in electrical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
- each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
- the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
- the technical solution of the present invention essentially or part of the contribution to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
- the foregoing storage media include: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超声成像方法及系统、存储介质、处理器和计算机设备。其中,该方法包括:获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,三维体数据是经超声对头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定头颅中颅脑的体积。本发明解决了相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
Description
本发明涉及超声探测领域,具体而言,涉及一种超声成像方法及系统、存储介质、处理器和计算机设备。
超声探测技术对于人体检测,不仅对人体影响较小,而且探测准确,稳定性好,具有安全、方便、无损的特点。在产科的胎儿检测中比较常用,尤其对胎儿的生物学参数进行监测,可以有效发现多种胎儿发育问题。常用的生物学参数包括头围、双顶径、枕额径、腹围和股骨长等。
相关技术中通常采用二维超声测量头围、双顶径等生物学参数,但是由于胎儿本身是立体结构,因此会存在较大的误差,而且采用二维测量需要在立体结构中寻找需要测量的目标位置,因此存在准确率较低,测量速度慢的问题。
针对上述相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度慢的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种超声成像方法及系统、存储介质、处理器和计算机设备,以至少解决相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面,提供了一种超声成像方法,包括:获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,所述三维体数据是经超声对所述头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:基于所述三维体数据确定所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴;根据所述颅脑旋转轴生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,基于所述三维体数据确定所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴包括:对所述三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据所述椭圆参数确定所述颅脑旋转轴。
一个实施例中,根据所述颅脑旋转轴生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据所述三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定旋转角度;根据所述旋转角度生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:确定所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围;根据所述颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,确定所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围包括:对所述三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据所述椭圆参数确定所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围。
一个实施例中,根据所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据所述三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定在所述颅脑平移方向上和所述颅脑平移范围内的切割间隔;根据所述切割间隔生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,通过以下方式至少之一,分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓包括:接收输入的用于描绘轮廓的边界,根据所述边界确定所述二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;接收输入在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据所述点或线按照预定方式对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据二维切面图像的图像内容对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
一个实施例中,根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓包括:根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓所对应的空间位置,将二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中;通过插值拟合的方式填补所述三维空间中的其它轮廓表面点,得到所述头颅的所述三维颅脑轮廓。
一个实施例中,在根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示所述预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;根对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图 像新的颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓;依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓生成控制点,并显示所述控制点;通过接收对所述控制点的操作,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
一个实施例中,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:根据所述一帧或多帧而且切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓生成控制点,并显示所述控制点;通过接收对所述控制点的操作,对所述一帧或多帧而且切面图像中的颅脑底部的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧而且切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
一个实施例中,在根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:基于所述三维体数据获得所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓;依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓进行调节,生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种超声成像方法,包括:显示胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,所述三维体数据是经超声对所述头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像;显示分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,在显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示所述三维体数据中所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴,其中,所述颅脑旋转 轴用于生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,在显示所述三维体数据中所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴之前,还包括:显示依据所述三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,所述椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定所述颅脑旋转轴。
一个实施例中,在显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,其中,所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围用于生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,在显示所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围之前,还包括:显示依据所述三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,所述椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围。
一个实施例中,通过以下方式至少之一,显示分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓:显示用于描述轮廓的边界,根据所述边界显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据所述点或线对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示预定图像内容,根据所述预定图像内容对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
一个实施例中,显示根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓包括:显示将所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中后的三维轮廓;显示在映射后的三维空间中填补其它轮廓表面点后的三维颅脑轮廓。
一个实施例中,在显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示所述预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;显示所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的轮廓通过对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成;显示根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,在显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示基于所述三维体数据获得的所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;显示所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的轮廓通过对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节;显示根据所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维 切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓重新确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种超声成像方法,包括:向胎儿头颅发射超声波,并接收超声回波,获得超声回波信号;根据所述超声回波信号获得胎儿头颅的三维体数据;分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述胎儿头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种超声成像系统,包括:探头;发射电路,所述发射电路激励所述探头向胎儿头颅发射超声波;接收电路,所述接收电路通过所述探头接收从所述胎儿头颅返回的超声回波以获得超声回波信号;处理器,所述处理器处理所述超声回波信号以获得所述胎儿头颅的三维体数据;显示器,所述显示器显示所述三维体数据;其中,所述处理器还执行如下步骤:分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像,分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;以及根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,所述显示器,还用于显示以下至少之一:所述预定数量的二维切面图像,所述二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓,所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种超声成像系统,其特征在于,包括:探头;发射电路,所述发射电路激励所述探头向胎儿头颅发射超声波;接收电路,所述接收电路通过所述探头接收从所述胎儿头颅返回的超声回波以获得超声回波信号;处理器,所述处理器执行上述中任意一项所述的方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种存储介质,所述存储介质包括存储的程序,其中,在所述程序运行时控制所述存储介质所在设备执行上述中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种处理器,所述处理器用于运行程序,其中,所述程序运行时执行上述中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种计算机设备,包括:存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序;所述处理器,用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算 机程序,所述计算机程序运行时执行上述中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
在本发明实施例中,采用获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,所述三维体数据是经超声对所述头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积的方式,通过三维超声扫描的方式,达到了对胎儿头颅准确快速扫描的目的,从而实现了提高胎儿头颅扫描速度,提升测量准确率的技术效果,进而解决了相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1为本申请实施例中的超声成像设备10的结构框图示意图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的一种超声成像方法的流程图;
图3是根据本发明实施例的另一种超声成像方法的流程图;
图4是根据本发明实施例的另一种超声成像方法的流程图;
图5是根据本发明实施方式的双顶径头、头围测量位置的示意图;
图6是根据本发明实施方式的胎儿颅脑容积测量方法的流程图;
图7a是根据本发明实施方式的旋转方式生成二维切面图像时采用椭圆的短轴为颅脑旋转轴的示意图;
图7b是根据本发明实施方式的旋转方式生成二维切面图像时以椭圆中心点为中心的竖线为颅脑的旋转轴的示意图;
图8a是根据本发明实施方式的确定平移方向和范围时采用椭圆的长轴方向为平移方向的示意图;
图8b是根据本发明实施方式的确定平移方向和范围时采用水平方向为平移方向的示意图;
图9是根据本发明实施方式的二维分割结果拟合三维颅脑轮廓的示意图;
图10是根据本发明实施方式的颅脑容积显示示意图;
图11是根据本发明实施方式的一种调节方式的示意图;
图12是根据本发明实施方式的自由调节方式的示意图;
图13是根据本发明实施例的一种超声成像系统的示意图。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
图1为本申请实施例中的超声成像设备10的结构框图示意图。该超声成像设备10可以包括探头100、发射电路101、发射/接收选择开关102、接收电路103、波束合成电路104、处理器105和显示器106。发射电路101可以激励探头100向目标对象发射超声波。接收电路103可以通过探头100接收从目标对象返回的超声回波,从而获得超声回波信号。该超声回波信号经过波束合成电路104进行波束合成处理后,送入处理器105。处理器105对该超声回波信号进行处理,以获得目标对象的超声图像。处理器105获得的超声图像可以存储于存储器107中。这些超声图像可以在显示器106上显示。
根据本发明实施例,提供了一种超声成像方法的方法实施例,需要说明的是,在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行,并且,虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序,但是在某些情况下,可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
图2是根据本发明实施例的一种超声成像方法的流程图,如图2所示,该方法包 括如下步骤:
步骤S202,获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,三维体数据是经超声对头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;
步骤S204,分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;
步骤S206,分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;
步骤S208,根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;
步骤S210,根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定头颅中颅脑的体积。
通过上述步骤,获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,依据三维体数据生成的二维切面图像;根据二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓拟合出头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定头颅中颅脑的体积,通过采用上述方式,由于使用的原始数据为胎儿头颅的三维体数据,因此,相对于二维面来确定头颅中颅脑的体积而言,会使得确定的结果更为准确;另外,由于并非直接依据三维体数据来确定,而是采用了三维体数据的生成的二维切面图像拟合的三维颅脑轮廓来确定,由于对二维切面图像的数据处理相对于庞大的三维体数据而言,大大减少了处理量,因而能够有效地提高处理效率。因此,通过上述三维超声扫描的方式,不仅能够准确地获取胎儿头颅中颅脑的体积,而且效率也较高,从而实现了提升测量准确率以及提高测量效率的技术效果,进而解决了相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
上述三维体数据可以包括胎儿头颅上的测量点在空间立体坐标系中的三维坐标,还可以包括上述胎儿颅脑的在三维立体坐标系中的位置函数。上述三维体数据还可以包括上述胎儿颅脑的三维尺寸,上述三维尺寸可以是长度,宽度,高度。上述三维体数据可以是通过超声进行扫描后获得的立体阵列,即通过阵列的方式来体现对扫描的头颅的轮廓。根据上述三维体数据可以确定胎儿颅脑的立体尺寸。上述三维体数据可以通过多种方式确定,在本实施例中,通过超声探测获取上述三维体数据。上述获取三维体数据可以是实时扫查获得的,也可以时预先扫描并存储,在需要测量颅脑体积时从存储器中读取的。
分解三维体数据生成预定数量的二维切面图像,可以是根据上述三维体数据,生成上述胎儿头颅的多个的二维切面图像,上述二维切面图像的数量可以是预设的,上述预定数量可以为多个。上述二维切面图像的数量越多,其确定的胎儿颅脑三维轮廓越准确,相应的计算量会越大。确定多个二维切面图像的轮廓,然后再根据上述多个 二维切面图像的轮廓确定胎儿颅脑的三维轮廓。上述预定数量的二维切面图像可以是各个方向上对上述胎儿头颅的切面图像,二维切面图像的位置根据上述分解上述三维体数据的方式有关,例如,可以根据平行的多个切面图像确定预定数量的二维切面图像,还可以根据固定的旋转轴,确定绕着该旋转轴旋转的切面图像,确定预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,生成的二维切面图像的预定数量可以是变化的。例如,生成的二维切面的预定数量可以根据容积数据自适应地变化,因此,不同的体数据生成的二维切面图像的预定数量可以是不同的。即,本文中,所说的“预定数量”并不限于是某个预先设定并且一直不变的值,而是也包含预先设定的变化的值,也包含系统实时自适应地设定的值。
在获取胎儿头颅的预定数量的二维切面图像之后,分别对每个二维切面图像进行分割,将二维切面图像头颅中的颅内区域分割出来,从而确定二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓。在基于二维切面图像对二维切面图像中颅内区域进行分割时,可以通过用户利用输入装置手工描绘颅内区域的轮廓。还可以根据轮廓生成算法,自动生成二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。还可以结合上述用户利用触控装置进行描绘的方式与轮廓生成算法,确定二维切面图像中颅内轮廓。从而根据该轮廓对二维切面图像进行分离。
根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出头颅的三维颅脑轮廓,上述多个二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓用于形成上述胎儿头颅的三维颅脑轮廓。在根据三维体数据确定预定数量的二维切面图像后,预定数量的二维切面图像具有一定的空间关系,不同的划分方式,预定数量的二维切面图像的空间关系不同。不同空间关系的二维切面图像,拟合的三维颅脑轮廓也不同,通常,二维切面图像的数量越多,拟合的三维颅脑轮廓越准确。
作为一种可选的实施例,上述根据三维颅脑轮廓确定上述头颅中颅脑的体积可以包括:在上述三维颅脑轮廓确定后,可以根据该三维颅脑轮廓,根据体积算法确定该三维颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:基于三维体数据确定颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴;根据颅脑旋转轴生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
上述根据三维体数据生成预定数量的二维切面图像,与上述根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓拟合颅脑三维轮廓的方式相反,但是可以采用同一种生成(拟合)方式。例如,基于三维体数据确定颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴;根据颅脑旋转轴生 成预定数量的二维切面图像,上述预定数量的二维切面图像均过上述旋转轴。也即是根据三维体数据生成预定数量的二维切面图像时,根据确定的旋转轴,生成预定数量的二维切面图像。预定数量的二维切面图像按照确定的旋转轴的旋转进行划分得到,并依据述预定数量的二维切面图像并拟合三维颅脑的轮廓。
作为一种可选的实施例,本实施例采用上述基于三维体数据确定颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴;根据颅脑旋转轴生成预定数量的二维切面图像的方式确定预定数量的二维切面图像,采用颅脑旋转轴的方式来生成二维切面图像,不仅操作方便,而且生成效率较高,从一侧面提高了确定头颅中颅脑的体积的效率。
一个实施例中,基于三维体数据确定颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴包括:对三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,其中,颅骨光环表现为椭圆形目标;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据椭圆参数确定颅脑旋转轴。
在确定颅脑旋转轴时,可以根据胎儿头颅的轮廓的几何中心确定,这样对于整个胎儿颅脑轮廓的生成都可以有效兼顾,精度和准确度比较均匀。由于胎儿颅脑的颅骨光环的横切面图像一般为椭圆形,因此可以先对三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,确定上述三维体数据的横切面图像的颅骨光环契合的椭圆形。根据上述确定的椭圆确定该椭圆对应的椭圆参数,包括椭圆的长轴、短轴、焦距等。可以根据上述椭圆参数,采用几何计算方法确定颅脑旋转轴的位置,科学高效,准确率高,误差较小。
一个实施例中,根据颅脑旋转轴生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定旋转角度;根据旋转角度生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
在颅脑旋转轴确定之后,根据该颅脑旋转轴,生成预定数量的二维切面图像,可以是多种方式,可以是根据旋转角度,根据需要生成的二维切面图像的预定数量均分上述旋转角度。还可以根据上述三维体数据的横切面图像的轮廓的变化率确定旋转角度,根据该旋转角度生成预定数量的二维切面图像。相比于上述按照旋转角度均分的方式,按照变化率来生成二维切面图像会更合理,能够较为准确地体现出上述三维体数据的轮廓在两个二维切面图像之间的不同变化程度,在后续步骤中,根据分离的二维切面图像拟合三维颅脑轮廓可以更加真实,准确。
一个实施例中,分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:确定三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围;根据颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
作为一种可选的实施例,在根据三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像还可以通过,对某个方向的切面图像进行平移,确定多个平行的二维切面图像。可以先确 定三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,对于三维体数据而言,在不同的方向上,颅脑的长度不同,因此不同的平移方向上,颅脑的平移范围也不同。确定颅脑平移的方向和颅脑平移范围之后,根据上述颅脑平移方向、颅脑平移范围、和上述二维切面图像的预定数量,生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,确定三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围包括:对三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,其中,颅骨光环表现为椭圆形目标;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据椭圆参数确定颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围。
上述对三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,上述横切面图像可以是与上述颅脑平移方向平行的横切面图像,在该横切面图像上确定预定数量的二维切面图像的位置。可以是根据颅骨光环在上述横切面图像的椭圆中,确定上述预定数量的二维切面图像的位置。可以先根据颅骨光环的椭圆,确定该椭圆的椭圆参数,然后根据上述椭圆参数确定颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围。
一个实施例中,根据颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定在颅脑平移方向上和颅脑平移范围内的切割间隔;根据切割间隔生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
在根据颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围生成预定数量的二维切面图像时,可以采用多种处理方式,例如,可以根据颅脑平移范围和上述二维切面图像的预定数量确定,可以均分上述颅脑平移范围,还可以是按照规律变化相邻两个二维切面图像的平移范围。还可以是根据三维体数据的变化率,确定在颅脑平移方向上和颅脑平移范围内的切割间隔,也即是上述预定数量的二维切面图像的位置。然后根据上述切割间隔生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
一个实施例中,分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓时也可以采用多种方式,例如,可以通过以下方式至少之一,分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓:接收输入的用于描绘轮廓的边界,根据边界确定二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;接收输入在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据点或线按照预定方式对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据预定图像内容对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
在上述预定数量的二维切面图像确定后,根据上述预定数量的二维切面图像对三维体数据进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓可以通过多种方式实现。例如,可以通过接收输入的用于描绘轮廓的边界,根据边界确定二维切面图像中颅内区 域的轮廓,上述输入的边界可以是用户手动根据触摸屏描绘的轮廓边界,还可以是根据识别软件自动识别上述二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓边界。
还可以通过接收输入在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据点或线按照预定方式对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。上述轮廓,可以是用户根据触摸屏输入的点或者线,然后根据分割算法对颅脑轮廓进行半自动分割。例如,可以采用Graph Cut、Random Walker、Level Set等算法进行半自动分割。
还可以根据二维切面图像的图像内容(例如,二维切面图像中各像素点的像素值、图像的灰度特征、图像的纹理特征,等等)对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。上述轮廓可以是根据分割算法,直接对该二维切面图像中的图像进行分割,得到颅脑区域,例如,可采用Graph Cut、Snake、ASM等传统图像分割算法,也可采用深度学习中的UNet、MaskRCNN、FCN等算法对颅脑二维切面图像进行全自动分割。
一个实施例中,根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓包括:根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓所对应的空间位置,将二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中;通过插值拟合的方式填补三维空间中的其它轮廓表面点,得到颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓。
在根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓时,先根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓所对应的空间位置,将二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中,根据二维切面图像的生成方式,以及每个二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,确定预定数量的二维切面图像在三维空间中的关系,如图9所示,是由颅脑旋转轴确定的预定数量的二维切面图像在三维空间中的映射,图中的点为三维颅脑上的三维轮廓点。
在上述将二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间后,通过插值拟合的方法填补三维空间中的其他轮廓表面点,得到三维颅脑轮廓。
在根据三维颅脑轮廓确定颅脑的体积之后,可以对已经生成的三维颅脑轮廓进行更改或再调节,从而提高三维颅脑轮廓的准确度。在对已经生成的三维颅脑轮廓进行更改或再调节时,可以通过多种方式,可以通过对三维颅脑轮廓直接进行更改,还可以通过对拟合三维颅脑轮廓的二维切面图像进行更改,实现对三维颅脑轮廓的更改。
例如,一个实施例中,在根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,可以还包括:显示前述的预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像,并对该一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成该一帧或多帧二维切面图 像新的颅内区域的轮廓;根据该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓;依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定颅脑中颅脑的体积。
对颅内区域的轮廓的调节,也可以仅针对颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓进行。从而减小调节的工作量。例如,一个实施例中,在根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,可以显示前述的预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像,并对任该一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅脑底部的轮廓进行调节,生成该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,然后根据该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓,并依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定颅脑中颅脑的体积。
对颅内区域的轮廓的调节,可以通过控制点进行,例如,一个实施例中,在根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,可以根据该一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓(或者该颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓)生成控制点,并显示该控制点,然后通过接收对所述控制点的操作,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。当然,对颅内区域的轮廓的调节也可以通过其他适合的方式进行,本文对此不作限定。
在上述通过对二维切面图像进行更改时,可以根据实际需要对不同的颅内区域的轮廓的部分区域进行修改,例如,颅脑底部经常受声影的影响,容易出现错误分割的情况,因此,在一种可选的实施例中,针对二维切面图像,根据任一二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓生成控制点,并显示控制点,主要对颅脑底部的轮廓进行更改,通过改变颅脑底部的轮廓的控制点的位置,更改颅脑底部的轮廓,从而更改二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,根据更改后的颅内区域的轮廓重新生成三维颅脑轮廓。由于重新生成三维颅脑轮廓是对之前构建的三维颅脑轮廓进行修正后得到的,因此,相对于仅通过二维切面图像分割得到的三维颅脑轮廓而言,能够更为真实、更精确地展现颅脑的实际情况,因此,根据更改后的三维颅脑轮廓确定所述头颅中颅脑体积是更为准确的。
一个实施例中,在根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,也可以基于三维体数据中的任意一帧或多帧二维切面图像调节或调整其中的颅内区域的轮廓,从而获得新的三维轮脑轮廓,而不限于通过前述的预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像来调节或调整颅内区域的轮廓。例如,一个实施例中,可以基于前述的三维体数据获得三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像,并对该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,然后根据该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面 图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓,并依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
在对已经生成的三维颅脑轮廓进行更改或再调节时,可以通过旋转操作或者平移操作来从三维体数据中获得任意一帧或多帧二维切面图像,然后对其中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,然后在根据新的颅内区域的轮廓生成三维颅脑轮廓。由于重新生成三维颅脑轮廓是对之前构建的三维颅脑轮廓进行修正后得到的,因此,相对于仅通过二维切面图像分割得到的三维颅脑轮廓而言,能够更为真实、更精确地展现颅脑的实际情况,因此,根据更改后的三维颅脑轮廓确定所述头颅中颅脑体积是更为准确的。
类似地,对颅内区域的轮廓的调节,也可以是针对颅脑底部的轮廓进行。此外,对轮廓的调节也可以如前文所述通过在轮廓上生成控制点并接收对该控制点的操作而实现。
图3是根据本发明实施例的另一种超声成像方法的流程图,如图3所示,根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了另一种超声成像方法,该方法包括:
步骤S302,显示胎儿颅脑的三维体数据,其中,三维体数据是经超声对颅脑进行扫查后得到的数据;
步骤S304,显示分解三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像;
步骤S306,显示分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;
步骤S308,显示根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓;
步骤S310,显示根据三维颅脑轮廓确定的颅脑中颅脑的体积。
上述步骤的执行主体可以是显示设备,通过上述各个显示步骤,由于使用的原始数据为胎儿头颅的三维体数据,因此,相对于二维切面来确定头颅中颅脑的体积而言,会使得确定的结果更为准确;另外,由于并非直接依据三维体数据来确定,而是采用了三维体数据的生成的二维切面图像拟合的三维颅脑轮廓来确定,由于对二维切面图像的数据处理相对于庞大的三维体数据而言,大大减少了处理量,因而能够有效地提高处理效率。因此,通过上述三维超声扫描的方式,不仅能够准确地获取胎儿头颅中颅脑的体积,而且效率也较高,从而实现了提升测量准确率以及提高测量效率的技术效果,进而解决了相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
作为显示设备,可以由显示设备的处理器执行数据处理和获取,由显示设备进行显示。还可以根据处理装置接收和处理数据,并由处理装置将显示的数据发送给显示设备由显示设备显示。
一个实施例中,在显示分解三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示三维体数据中颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴,其中,颅脑旋转轴用于生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
在采用旋转轴的方式确定二维切面图像的情况下,可以先显示颅脑旋转轴,显示颅脑旋转轴之后,可以根据显示器上显示的颅脑旋转轴,配合触控装置重新改编颅脑旋转轴的位置。
一个实施例中,在显示三维体数据中颅脑中的颅脑旋转轴之前,还包括:显示依据三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定颅脑旋转轴。
在显示颅脑旋转轴之前,可以根据三维体数据的横切面图像确定颅脑旋转轴。例如,可以显示依据该三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,并依据该椭圆确定颅脑旋转轴。用户可以根据显示设备显示的椭圆,结合触控设备对该椭圆进行更改,更改的方式可以是多种,例如上述的用户根据触控设备完全手动修改的手动方式,根据更改算法进行更改的自动方式,以及手动方式与自动方式结合的半自动方式。
一个实施例中,在显示分解三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,其中,颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围用于生成预定数量的二维切面图像。
类似的,在上述根据平移的方式生成预定数量的二维切面图像的情况下,根据颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,生成上述预定数量的二维切面图像,可以显示上述颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,可以根据显示设备,以及触控装置,对上述显示的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围进行更改。
一个实施例中,在显示三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围之前,还包括:显示依据三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围。
上述颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围是根据三维体数据的横切面图像的椭圆确定的,可以先对上述椭圆进行显示。还可以根据显示设备和触控设备对上述椭圆进行修改。
一个实施例中,通过以下方式至少之一,显示分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进 行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓:显示用于描述轮廓的边界,根据边界显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据点或线对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示预定图像内容,根据预定图像内容对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
上述对二维切面图像进行分割得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓的方式可以有多种,每种方式的显示方式不同。至少显示分离前的状态和分离后的状态,还可以包括进行更改时的各个状态。在手动方式的情况下,可以显示用于描述轮廓的边界,根据边界显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,在半自动方式下,可以显示在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据点或线对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,在自动方式下,可以显示预定图像内容,根据预定图像内容对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
一个实施例中,在显示根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓过程中,可以包括:显示将预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中后的三维轮廓;显示在映射后的三维空间中填补其它轮廓表面点后的三维颅脑轮廓。
一个实施例中,在显示根据三维颅脑轮廓确定的颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,还可以包括:显示预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;针对预定数量的二维切面图像中的该一帧或多帧二维切面图像,显示该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的轮廓通过对该一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成;显示根据该一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定的颅脑中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,在显示根据三维颅脑轮廓确定的颅脑中颅脑的体积之后,还可以包括:显示基于三维体数据获得的该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;显示该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的轮廓通过对该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成;显示根据该三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定的颅脑中颅脑的体积。
图4是根据本发明实施例的另一种超声成像方法的流程图,如图4所示,根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种超声成像方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤S402,向胎儿颅脑发射超声波,并接收超声回波,获得超声回波信号;
步骤S404,根据超声回波信号获得胎儿颅脑的三维体数据;
步骤S406,分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;
步骤S408,分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;
步骤S410,根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出胎儿颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓;根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积。
上述步骤是实时获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据。通过上述步骤,由于使用的原始数据为胎儿头颅的三维体数据,因此,相对于二维面来确定头颅中颅脑的体积而言,会使得确定的结果更为准确;另外,由于并非直接依据三维体数据来确定,而是采用了三维体数据的生成的二维切面图像拟合的三维颅脑轮廓来确定,由于对二维切面图像的数据处理相对于庞大的三维体数据而言,大大减少了处理量,因而能够有效地提高处理效率。因此,通过上述三维超声扫描的方式,不仅能够准确地获取胎儿头颅中颅脑的体积,而且效率也较高,从而实现了提升测量准确率以及提高测量效率的技术效果,进而解决了相关技术中的测量方式,准确率较低,测量速度较慢的技术问题。
本实施例还提供了一种超声成像方法。下面对该实施方式进行详细说明。
超声仪器一般用于医生观察人体的内部组织结构,医生将超声探头放在人体部位对应的皮肤表面,可以得到该部位的超声图像。超声由于其安全、方便、无损、廉价等特点,已经成为医生诊断的主要辅助手段之一,其中,产科是超声诊断应用最广泛的领域之一,在该领域,超声避免了X射线等母体及胎儿的影响,其应用价值较高。超声不仅能对胎儿进行形态学的观察和测量,还能获得胎儿呼吸、泌尿等生理、病例方面的多种信息,以评价胎儿的健康及发育状况。
胎儿的生物学参数测量是评估胎儿发育状况的最主要手段,常用的生物学参数包括头围、双顶径、枕额径、腹围和股骨长,其中,头围、双顶径和枕额径是评估胎儿颅脑发育的最重要指标,这些参数通常都是在二维双顶径切面图像上进行测量,操作方便简单,但胎儿颅脑发育是一个立体发育的过程,仅在二维切面图像上的测量一定程度上能反映颅脑的发育,但也有一定的局限性。例如,小头畸形是一种先天畸形,患儿颅脑变小,脑的重量明显轻于正常,大脑的发育明显迟缓。大多数患者智力发育显著迟缓,有的患者甚至出现抽风、四肢僵硬及瘫痪。在目前的临床中,主要还是通过在二维超声下测量双顶径、头围来测量胎儿头围,但该方法容易引起较大的测量误差,准确率低。另外,以上述方式测量的胎儿头围,对反应胎儿头围尺寸较为片面, 图5是根据本发明实施方式的双顶径头、头围测量位置的示意图,如图5所示,由于双顶径、头围测量位置并不是小头症病变区域最严重的区域,因此在很大程度上难以反映,小脑症胎儿的头围。
相比于在二维超声下测量头围、双顶径,三维超声的颅脑体积更有利于反映胎儿脑部的生长发育,从而更易于诊断小头症。但手动测量三维容积操作极其麻烦,费时费力,测量的准确性也得不到保证,目前也没有自动测量胎儿颅脑容积的专用工具,限制了颅脑容积测量在临床上的推广。
本实施方式提供了一种自动测量胎儿颅脑容积的方法,通过本实施方式的方法,可以快速获得胎儿颅脑的体积。该胎儿颅脑容积,也即是上述胎儿颅脑体积。
图6是根据本发明实施方式的胎儿颅脑容积测量方法的流程图,如图6所示,一组通过延迟聚焦的脉冲通过发射电路发送到探头,探头向受测机体组织发射超声波,经一定延时后接收从受测机体组织反射回来的超声波。回波信号进入波束合成器,完成聚焦延时、加权和通道求和,并经过信号处理,一个完整的探头扇扫周期都经信号处理后获得一卷重建前体数据(极坐标),再经3D重建环节,将极坐标体数据转换成直角坐标体数据。在本实施方式中,用户将探头置于胎儿颅脑区域通过上述步骤扫描得到三维颅脑体数据,再对该体数据进行颅脑容积分割,得到颅内区域的轮廓,最后显示颅内轮廓及体积。
本实施方式的核心环节在于颅脑容积分割及测量,颅脑容积是一个三维体数据,数据量较大,直接采用三维分割的方法比较耗时,很难达到临床使用需求。因此,本实施方式采用了将三维体数据按规则分解成若干个二维切面图像,在二维切面图像上进行图像分割,然后根据二维分割的结果拟合出三维颅脑的轮廓。
下面对本实施方式提供的颅脑容积测量方法进行详细说明,具体该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:获取胎儿颅脑三维体数据;
在三维或四维超声下进行胎儿的颅内扫查,经3D重建环节,获得颅内3D\4D体数据。值得注意的是,在3D或4D数据采集时,可以人为选择颅脑的横断面作为3D或4D扫查的起始切面图像,这样更有利于颅内结构的清晰显示。但本实施方式不只限于以横切面图像作为起始其它进行3D或4D扫查,冠状面、矢状面均可作为扫查的起始切面图像。
步骤2:将三维颅脑体数据分解成若干二维切面图像;
按照平移或旋转规则将三维颅脑体数据分解成若干二维切面图像。
在执行上述步骤2时可以根据不同的方式来进行,可以采用旋转方式生成二维切面图像,还可以是采用平移方式生成二维切面图像。下面对执行步骤2的上述两种方式进行详细说明。
方式一为采用旋转方式生成二维切面图像,该可以包括以下步骤:
步骤211:确定颅脑旋转轴;
颅脑旋转轴的最佳位置是颅脑中心区域,这样可以使得生成的二维切面图像均包含颅脑,在本步骤211中还提供了一种确定颅脑旋转轴的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤211a:对颅脑三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,使椭圆包含颅骨光环;
如果以颅脑横断面作为3D或4D扫查起始切面图像采集三维体数据,体数据中Z方向最中间的一帧或最中间附近的图像就是颅脑横切面图像。如果以冠状面为起始切面图像扫查,则体数据中X方向最中间的一帧或最中间附近的图像就是颅脑横切面图像。如果以矢状面为起始切面图像,则体数据中Y方向最中间的一帧或最中间附近的图像就是颅脑横切面图像。在颅脑横切面图像中,颅骨光环表现为高亮的椭圆形目标,可先提取颅骨高亮的区域,然后采用椭圆检测的方法检测椭圆,常用的椭圆检测方法包括但不限于最小二乘估计,Hough变换,Randon变换、Ransac等算法,通过椭圆检测,可以获得椭圆的中心坐标和椭圆的长短轴长度,椭圆的中心即对应了颅脑的中心。
步骤211b:根据拟合的椭圆参数确定颅脑旋转轴。
图7a是根据本发明实施方式的旋转方式生成二维切面图像时采用椭圆的短轴为颅脑旋转轴的示意图,如图7a所示,虚线为检测到的椭圆,点滑线为椭圆的长轴和短轴,获得椭圆参数后,可以采用椭圆的短轴为颅脑旋转轴,图7b是根据本发明实施方式的旋转方式生成二维切面图像时以椭圆中心点为中心的竖线为颅脑的旋转轴的示意图,如图7b所示,也可以以椭圆中心点为中心的竖线为颅脑的旋转轴。
值得注意的是,以颅脑的中心位置为旋转轴是本发明的最佳方式,但以颅内的其它组织结构为旋转轴也可以达到相同目的,例如,采用目标检测的方法检测丘脑区域,以丘脑位置为中心的竖线也可作为旋转轴。
步骤212:根据旋转轴生成二维切面图像。
确定好旋转轴后,绕旋转轴每旋转一定角度形成一个平面,通过插值算法(如双线性、样条插值)从体数据中插值得到该平面的图像内容,得到对应的二维切面图像。 旋转过程可以是均匀采样,例如,每隔10°生成一个二维切面图像;也可以是非均匀采用,例如,在轮廓变化比较小的区域,每隔10°生成一个二维切面图像,在轮廓变化比较大的区域,每隔5°生成一个二维切面图像,通过非均匀采样策略可以使得三维分割在速度和分割准确率上处于最佳状态。
方式二:采用平移方式生成二维切面图像,该方法可以包括以下步骤:
步骤221:确定颅脑平移方向和范围;
与方式一中确定旋转轴类似,本步骤221中还提供了另一种确定颅脑平移方向和范围的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤221a:对颅脑三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测,使椭圆包含颅骨光环;
该椭圆检测方法与方式一中的椭圆检测方法可以一致。
步骤221b:确定平移方向和范围。
图8a是根据本发明实施方式的确定平移方向和范围时采用椭圆的长轴方向为平移方向的示意图,如图8a所示,获得椭圆参数后,可采用椭圆的长轴方向为平移方向,椭圆长轴两个端点之间的区域为平移范围,如图8a中AB之间的区域;图8b是根据本发明实施方式的确定平移方向和范围时采用水平方向为平移方向的示意图,如图8b所示,也可采用水平方向为平移方向,椭圆最左侧点及最右侧点之间的区域为平移范围,如图8b中的CD之间的区域。
步骤222,根据平移方向和范围生成二维切面图像。
根据平移方向在平移范围内按照一定距离垂直于横切面图像形成平面,通过插值算法(如双线性、样条插值)从体数据中插值得到该平面的图像内容,得到对应的二维切面图像,平移过程可以是均匀采样,例如,如图8a中将AB之间均匀分成5个平面,或者如图8b中将CD之间均匀分成5个平面;也可以是非均匀采样,在轮廓变化比较小的区域,进行密集采样,在轮廓变化比较大的区域,进行稀疏采样。
步骤3,对上述二维颅脑切面图像进行分割;
获得若干二维切面图像后,对每个切面图像进行分割,获得二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。颅脑容积测量的是颅骨内的区域(不含颅骨),因此,二维切面图像分割就是分割颅内的组织区域。可采用手动、半自动或全自动的方法进行分割。
手动分割直接用鼠标或轨迹球等方式描绘轮廓的边界,得到一个封闭的区域。
半自动分割通过用户在目标区域画一些点或一些线,然后设计半自动分割算法根 据用户画的点/线来指导算法进行图像分割,即可采用交互式的算法对颅脑轮廓进行半自动分割,例如,可以采用Graph Cut、Random Walker、Level Set等算法进行半自动分割。
全自动分割输入二维切面图像,算法直接根据图像内容在图像中分割出颅脑区域,可采用Graph Cut、Snake、ASM等传统图像分割算法,也可采用深度学习中的UNet、MaskRCNN、FCN等算法对颅脑二维切面图像进行全自动分割。
无论采用何种分割方法,都可以得到二维切面图像对应的脑颅边界轮廓。
步骤4,根据上述二维分割结果拟合三维颅脑轮廓;
二维切面图像都是按照旋转或平移规则从颅脑体数据中生成的,二维切面图像对应的轮廓均可映射回三维体数据中,成为三维空间中的一条封闭曲线。因此,得到所有二维切面图像对应的颅脑边界轮廓后,可根据轮廓所对应的空间位置将二维切面图像中的轮廓映射到三维空间中,再通过插值拟合的方式填补三维空间中的其它轮廓表面点。
图9是根据本发明实施方式的二维分割结果拟合三维颅脑轮廓的示意图,如图9所示,以旋转方式为例,竖向的经线为从二维切面图像分割得到的轮廓线映射回三维体数据中形成的三维轮廓线。对这些三维轮廓线进行等距采样,形成一系列的三维轮廓点,再对每条线上相同位置点进行样条或多项式插值,即得到了三维颅脑的表面轮廓。将轮廓之间的采用间距设置到足够密集,表面轮廓即可填满颅脑轮廓所有的表面点。
类似的,平移方式同样可以通过插值拟合的方法得到三维颅脑轮廓。
步骤5,根据三维颅脑轮廓计算颅脑体积;
获得三维颅脑表面轮廓后,可以直接通过表面轮廓采用Mirtich公式得到颅脑的体积。
也可以再采用区域生长算法或形态学算法将轮廓内的区域填满,得到颅脑轮廓区域标记Mask(在该Mask中,属于颅内组织区域的点值为1,其余点的值为0)。获得Mask后,即可根据Mask计算颅脑体积,一种方法是累计Mask中值为1的体素个数,再乘以单位体素物理距离的三次方,即为颅脑体积。
步骤6,显示结果;
显示的结果可以包括步骤5中计算的体积测量结果值。
图10是根据本发明实施方式的颅脑容积显示示意图,如图10所示,对三维颅脑轮廓进行面绘制或采用光线跟踪方法进行体绘制的立体图像;显示方法可以是实体显示,也可采用网格显示;可以不透明显示,也可以使透明显示。
三维颅脑轮廓在二维剖面图像上的投影;即显示二维切面图像灰度图及二维颅脑轮廓图(如图10A、图10B、图10C,其中,A面、B面、C面是三个正交切面图像)。
本实施方式还提供了一种颅脑轮廓调节方法,下面对该方法进行详细说明。
在完成体积测量后,用户可能对自动/半自动的测量结果不满意,需要进行手动调节,用户可在二维平面图像中分割不准确的区域进行调节,系统再根据调节的结果重新拟合三维轮廓。可设计不同的工作流来对颅脑轮廓进行调节。一个实施例中,可以在通过分解三维体数据获得的前述预定数量的二维切面图像上进行轮廓调节,然后根据调节的结果重新拟合三维轮廓。一个实施例中,可以基于三维体数据,生成该三维体数据的任意一帧或者多帧二维切面图像,在该三维体数据的任意一帧或者多帧二维切面图像上进行轮廓调节,然后将调节后的二维轮廓重新拟合成三维颅脑轮廓。
可在屏幕中同时显示多个二维切面图像及其轮廓图,用户观察以上切面图像的分割效果,对分割不满意的区域进行调节。也可以将上述切面图像逐个显示,用户对上述切面图像逐个观察和调节。调节的方式可以是对二维轮廓采样生成多个控制点,用户拖动控制点来进行调节。
也可以是用户在分割不准确的区域直接绘制一段或整个轮廓边沿,再将用户绘制的轮廓替代原来轮廓的一部分或全部,形成新的封闭轮廓。图11是根据本发明实施方式的一种调节方式的示意图,如图11所示,左图中实线区域为原分割的轮廓,虚线为用户手动画的线,可根据用户手动绘制曲线的两端的走向趋势对用户绘制的曲线进行延伸,和原轮廓形成交点,从而形成一个新的封闭轮廓,即右图中的虚线区域。一种延伸曲线的方法为利用用户手动绘制曲线的曲率来判断曲线的走向,例如,计算端点附近曲线曲率,使得延伸部分的曲率和用户手动绘制曲线端点附近的区域一致。
然后,可以根据调节后的轮廓重新拟合三维颅脑轮廓,并根据重新拟合的三维颅脑轮廓计算颅脑体积。
一个实施例中,如图12所示,实线轮廓线为调节前轮廓线,虚线轮廓线为调节后轮廓线,用户将A点拖动到了A’,此时A点周边的点B也将自动移动到B’到。直线BB’的方向可以和AA’的一致,移动距离t1可表达为AA’的长度t和AB之间的距离d的函数,即t1=f(t,d),通常d越大,t1就会越小,即离A点越远的点,往外移动的距离就会越小。例如,一种函数满足上述条件的函数表达式为:
其中D为距离阈值,上式中如果AB之间的距离大于距离阈值D,则B点将不再移动。上述距离d可以是AB之间的直线距离,也可以是AB之间沿轮廓的曲线距离。
得到t1后,即可计算B’的坐标。然后,可以根据调节后的轮廓重新拟合三维颅脑轮廓,并根据重新拟合的三维颅脑轮廓计算颅脑体积。
在颅脑容积分割中,颅顶和颅脑两侧区域都是颅骨,在超声上表现为高回声,比较容易分割,一般不会分割错误。颅脑底部经常受声影的影响,容易出现错误分割的情况,是主要需要调节的区域。因此,在前述的实施例中,也可以主要调节颅脑底部区域的轮廓。
图13是根据本发明实施例的一种超声成像系统的示意图,如图13所示,该超声成像系统,包括:探头1302,发射电路1304,接收电路1306,处理器1308和显示器1310,下面对该装置进行详细说明。
探头1302;发射电路1304,与上述探头1302相连,发射电路激励探头向胎儿颅脑发射超声波;接收电路1306,与上述探头1302相连,接收电路通过探头接收从胎儿颅脑返回的超声回波以获得超声回波信号;处理器1308,与上述接收电路1306相连,处理器处理超声回波信号以获得胎儿颅脑的三维体数据;显示器1310,与上述处理器1308相连,显示器显示三维体数据;其中,处理器还执行如下步骤:分解三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像,分别对预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓;以及根据三维颅脑轮廓,确定颅脑中颅脑的体积。
一个实施例中,显示器1310,还用于显示以下至少之一:预定数量的二维切面图像,二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,颅脑的三维颅脑轮廓,颅脑中颅脑的体积。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种存储介质,存储介质包括存储的程序,其中,在程序运行时控制存储介质所在设备执行上述中任意一项的超声成像方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种处理器,处理器用于运行程序,其中,程序运行时执行上述中任意一项的超声成像方法。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面,还提供了一种计算机设备,包括:存储器和处理器,存储器存储有计算机程序;处理器,用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序,计算机程序运行时执行上述中任意一项的超声成像方法。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。
在本发明的上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述的部分,可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的技术内容,可通过其它的方式实现。其中,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如所述单元的划分,可以为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,单元或模块的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可为个人计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (30)
- 一种超声成像方法,其特征在于,包括:获取胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,所述三维体数据是经超声对所述头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:基于所述三维体数据确定所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴;根据所述颅脑旋转轴生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,基于所述三维体数据确定所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴包括:对所述三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据所述椭圆参数确定所述颅脑旋转轴。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述颅脑旋转轴生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据所述三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定旋转角度;根据所述旋转角度生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像包括:确定所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围;根据所述颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,确定所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围包括:对所述三维体数据的横切面图像进行椭圆检测;确定检测出的椭圆的椭圆参数;根据所述椭圆参数确定所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像包括:根据所述三维体数据的轮廓的变化率,确定在所述颅脑平移方向上和所述颅脑平移范围内的切割间隔;根据所述切割间隔生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通过以下方式至少之一,分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓包括:接收输入的用于描绘轮廓的边界,根据所述边界确定所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;接收输入在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据所述点或线对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据二维切面图像的图像内容对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓包括:根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓所对应的空间位置,将二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中;通过插值拟合的方式填补所述三维空间中的其它轮廓表面点,得到所述头颅的所述三维颅脑轮廓。
- 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示所述预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓;依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓生成控制点,并显示所述控制点;通过接收对所述控制点的操作,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓生成控制点,并显示所述控制点;通过接收对所述控制点的操作,对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅脑底部的轮廓进行调节,生成所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
- 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:基于所述三维体数据获得所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节,生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出三维颅脑轮廓;依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维 切面图像中的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓包括:对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓中颅脑底部的轮廓进行调节,生成所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓。
- 一种超声成像方法,其特征在于,包括:显示胎儿头颅的三维体数据,其中,所述三维体数据是经超声对所述头颅进行扫查后得到的数据;显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像;显示分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示所述三维体数据中所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴,其中,所述颅脑旋转轴用于生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示所述三维体数据中所述头颅中的颅脑旋转轴之前,还包括:显示依据所述三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,所述椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定所述颅脑旋转轴。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示分解所述三维体数据,生成的预定数量的二维切面图像之前,还包括:显示所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围,其中,所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围用于生成所述预定数量的二维切面图像。
- 根据权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示所述三维体数据中的颅脑平移方向和颅脑平移范围之前,还包括:显示依据所述三维体数据的横切面图像检测出的椭圆,其中,所述椭圆的椭圆参数用于确定所述颅脑平移方向和所述颅脑平移范围。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,通过以下方式至少之一,显示分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割后,得到的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓:显示用于描述轮廓的边界,根据所述边界显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示在预定目标区域内的点或线,根据所述点或线对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;显示二维切面图像的图像内容,根据二维切面图像的图像内容对二维切面图像进行分割后,显示二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,显示根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出的所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓包括:显示将所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓对应地映射到三维空间中后的三维轮廓;显示在映射后的三维空间中填补其它轮廓表面点后的三维颅脑轮廓。
- 根据权利要求15至21中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示所述预定数量的二维切面图像中的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;显示所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓通过对所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成;显示根据所述一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓,重新确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求15至21中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在显示根据所述三维颅脑轮廓确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积之后,还包括:显示基于所述三维体数据获得的所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像;显示所述三维体数据中一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓,其中,所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓通过对所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像的颅内区域的轮廓进行调节生成;显示根据所述三维体数据的一帧或多帧二维切面图像新的颅内区域的轮廓重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓;显示依据重新拟合出的三维颅脑轮廓重新确定的所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 一种超声成像方法,其特征在于,包括:向胎儿头颅发射超声波,并接收超声回波,获得超声回波信号;根据所述超声回波信号获得胎儿头颅的三维体数据;分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像;分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述胎儿头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 一种超声成像系统,其特征在于,包括:探头;发射电路,所述发射电路激励所述探头向胎儿头颅发射超声波;接收电路,所述接收电路通过所述探头接收从所述胎儿头颅返回的超声回波以获得超声回波信号;处理器,所述处理器处理所述超声回波信号以获得所述胎儿头颅的三维体数据;显示器,所述显示器显示所述三维体数据;其中,所述处理器还执行如下步骤:分解所述三维体数据,生成预定数量的二维切面图像,分别对所述预定数量的二维切面图像进行分割,得到二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓;根据所述预定数量的二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,拟合出所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓;以及根据所述三维颅脑轮廓,确定所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 根据权利要求25所述的系统,其特征在于,所述显示器,还用于显示以下至少之一:所述预定数量的二维切面图像,所述二维切面图像中颅内区域的轮廓,所述头颅的三维颅脑轮廓,所述头颅中颅脑的体积。
- 一种超声成像系统,其特征在于,包括:探头;发射电路,所述发射电路激励所述探头向胎儿头颅发射超声波;接收电路,所述接收电路通过所述探头接收从所述胎儿头颅返回的超声回波以获得超声回波信号;处理器,所述处理器执行如权利要求1至24中任意一项所述的方法。
- 一种存储介质,其特征在于,所述存储介质包括存储的程序,其中,在所述程序运行时控制所述存储介质所在设备执行权利要求1至24中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
- 一种处理器,其特征在于,所述处理器用于运行程序,其中,所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至24中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
- 一种计算机设备,其特征在于,包括:存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序;所述处理器,用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序,所述计算机程序运行时执行权利要求1至24中任意一项所述的超声成像方法。
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| CN107106143B (zh) * | 2015-05-07 | 2020-10-20 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | 三维超声成像方法和装置 |
| CN106725593B (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-08-11 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | 超声三维胎儿面部轮廓图像处理方法系统 |
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| CN114399493A (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-26 | 汕头市超声仪器研究所股份有限公司 | 超声颅脑异常区域自动检测及显示方法 |
| CN114399493B (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-06-11 | 汕头市超声仪器研究所股份有限公司 | 超声颅脑异常区域自动检测及显示方法 |
| CN115797263A (zh) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-14 | 天津大学 | 一种基于全卷积网络的三维超声颅脑成像方法 |
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| CN112638267A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
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