WO2020082276A1 - 非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质 - Google Patents

非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020082276A1
WO2020082276A1 PCT/CN2018/111733 CN2018111733W WO2020082276A1 WO 2020082276 A1 WO2020082276 A1 WO 2020082276A1 CN 2018111733 W CN2018111733 W CN 2018111733W WO 2020082276 A1 WO2020082276 A1 WO 2020082276A1
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Prior art keywords
channel detection
channel
target beam
beams
detection
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PCT/CN2018/111733
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李明菊
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Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
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Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201880001778.0A priority Critical patent/CN109496456B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/111733 priority patent/WO2020082276A1/zh
Priority to US17/281,110 priority patent/US12538286B2/en
Publication of WO2020082276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020082276A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
    • H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
    • H04W74/085—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
    • H04W74/0875—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access with assigned priorities based access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1861—Physical mapping arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of communications, and in particular, to a channel detection method, device, and storage medium on an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the channel detection before channel access is also based on the omnidirectional antenna channel detection .
  • the base station needs to detect RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) before receiving information on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the RSSI is a certain time granularity
  • the unlicensed spectrum has a higher frequency band.
  • the base station and the terminal use multiple beams with different directions to transmit and receive signals, that is, beam-based transmission. And receive.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a channel detection method, device, and storage medium on an unlicensed spectrum, which can solve the problem of inaccurate channel detection results in different beam directions.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a channel detection method on an unlicensed spectrum includes:
  • n is an integer greater than 1
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam it is detected whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle.
  • the determining a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam includes:
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is determined according to the information that the channel corresponding to the target beam will be occupied for transmission.
  • the method further includes:
  • the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams whether the channels corresponding to the n beams are idle one by one is detected; wherein, among the n beams, a beam that needs channel detection is the target beam.
  • the determining the channel detection sequence corresponding to the n beams includes:
  • the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams is determined according to the priority of information to be transmitted by the channel corresponding to each beam of the n beams.
  • the method further includes:
  • the channel detection time requirement includes a combination of one or more of the following: a detection start time, a detection duration, and a detection end time;
  • the step of detecting whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is performed.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each beam of the n beams is independently determined.
  • the method further includes:
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is the LBT Cat.4 mechanism, determine the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam;
  • the CWS value corresponding to the target beam is updated according to the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam.
  • the method when the method is applied to a terminal, the method further includes:
  • the channel detection instruction information determine the target beam for channel detection.
  • the method when the method is applied to a terminal, the method further includes:
  • the transmission beam used by the most recently transmitted information is determined as the target beam for channel detection.
  • a channel detection device on an unlicensed spectrum including:
  • the first determining module is configured to determine a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam for the target beam of n beams, where n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the detection module is configured to detect whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • the first determining module is configured to determine a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam according to information that will occupy a channel corresponding to the target beam for transmission.
  • the device further includes: a second determination module
  • the second determining module is configured to determine a channel detection order corresponding to the n beams
  • the detection module is further configured to detect whether the channels corresponding to the n beams are idle one by one according to the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams; Describe the target beam.
  • the second determining module is configured to determine the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams according to the priority of information to be transmitted by the channel corresponding to each beam of the n beams.
  • the device further includes: a third determination module
  • the third determination module is configured to determine a channel detection time requirement corresponding to the target beam, and the channel detection time requirement includes a combination of one or more of the following: a detection start time, a detection duration, and a detection end time;
  • the detection module is further configured to perform the step of detecting whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam within a time period that satisfies the channel detection time requirement.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each beam of the n beams is independently determined.
  • the device further includes: a fourth determination module and an update module;
  • the fourth determining module is configured to determine the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam when the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is the LBT Cat.4 mechanism;
  • the update module is configured to update the CWS value corresponding to the target beam according to the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam.
  • the device when the device is applied to a terminal, the device further includes: a receiving module and a fifth determining module;
  • the receiving module is configured to receive channel detection indication information sent by a base station, and the channel detection indication information is used to indicate whether a channel corresponding to the target beam is idle;
  • the fifth determination module is configured to determine the target beam for channel detection according to the channel detection indication information.
  • the device when the device is applied to a terminal, the device further includes: a fifth determination module configured to:
  • the transmission beam used by the most recently transmitted information is determined as the target beam for channel detection.
  • a channel detection device on an unlicensed spectrum including:
  • a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor
  • the processor is configured to:
  • n is an integer greater than 1
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam it is detected whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
  • the channel detection mechanism is independently determined, and channel detection is performed for the channels corresponding to each beam, making the channel detection result more Accurate, more beneficial to beam-based transmission and reception.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a method for channel detection on an unlicensed spectrum according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing a method for channel detection on an unlicensed spectrum according to another exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a channel detection device on an unlicensed spectrum according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a device for detecting a channel on an unlicensed spectrum according to another exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the channel detection mechanism can generally include the following five types:
  • the first type (Cat.1) does not include LBT (Listen before talk, listen before talk), that is, the device does not need to perform channel detection before transmitting information, and sends the information directly.
  • LBT can also be called an interception avoidance mechanism, which is used to realize the effective sharing of unlicensed spectrum. LBT requires monitoring the channel before transmitting information, conducting CCA (Clear Channel Assessment), and then transmitting when the channel is free.
  • the second (LBT Cat. 2) LBT mechanism without random backoff process.
  • the device Before transmitting information, the device only needs to detect a time granularity. For example, the time granularity can be 25us. If the channel is idle within this time granularity, the device can transmit information. Otherwise, the LBT fails to execute and the device cannot transmit information.
  • the fourth (LBT Cat.4) CWS variable random back-off LBT mechanism. That is, on the basis of LBT Cat.3, the sending device can adjust the CWS according to the result of the previous transmission. For example, in the data transmitted within a reference time in the previous transmission process, the proportion that was not correctly received is X. When X is greater than a threshold, the CWS value increases.
  • four priority levels are set in LBT Cat.4, each priority level corresponds to a different parameter configuration, and data transmission of different service types corresponds to different priority levels.
  • the principle of LBT Cat.4 is as follows: The device first detects whether the channel corresponding to the beam is idle at the first time granularity. If the channel corresponding to the beam is detected to be idle, select the random number value N in the first contention window and use the The second time granularity is the time granularity for channel detection; if the channel corresponding to the beam is detected to be idle at the second time granularity, and the value of the random number is not 0, then the value of the random number is decremented by one and the second time granularity is continued Perform channel detection for time granularity; if the channel corresponding to the beam is detected to be busy at the second time granularity, then perform channel detection again at the time granularity with the first time granularity; if the channel corresponding to the beam is detected again at the first time granularity If the value of the random number is not 0, the value of the random number is decremented by 1 and the channel detection is resumed with the second time granularity as the time gran
  • the first time granularity is 16us + M * 9us and the second time granularity is 9us
  • first check whether the channel in 16us + M * 9us is idle if the channel is idle, select the value of random number N in the contention window , Then use 9us as the granularity for detection, if the channel is idle, then N-1, and continue to use 9us as the granularity detection; otherwise, use 16us + M * 9us as the granularity for channel detection, when the detection channel is idle, then N-1, And restore to use 9us as the granularity detection until the random number is 0, it means that the channel is idle and can be used.
  • M The value of M above is determined by m p in Table-1 and Table-2.
  • the channel access priority value p is different, and the value of M is different.
  • Table-1 shows the configuration of the four priority parameters of downlink LBT Cat.4, and Table-2 shows the configuration of the four priority parameters of uplink LBT Cat.4, but the configuration values are slightly different.
  • m p is the number of ECCA (Extended Clear Channel) in a delay time, each delay time is composed of a fixed 16us duration and m p ECCA, which is the first time introduced above granularity.
  • CW min, p and CW max, p are the minimum contention window value and the maximum contention window value, the CWS in the LBT process is generated between these two values, and then from 0 to the generated contention window CW p
  • Randomly generated backoff counter N determines the length of backoff time during LBT channel detection, and T mcot, p is the maximum length of channel that can occupy the channel after the successful execution of LBT Cat.4 corresponding to each priority level, as can be seen from the above table.
  • priority 1 the execution time of LBT processes with priority 3 and 4 is longer, and the chance of obtaining channel access is relatively low.
  • data transmission using these two priorities can be occupied
  • the maximum transmission time is also relatively long.
  • the fixed period refers to the time domain unit scheduled by FBE.
  • the fixed period may be FFP (Fixed Frame Period). The duration of a fixed period can be predetermined by the agreement.
  • the above-mentioned five channel detection mechanisms are only exemplary descriptions. With the evolution of communication technology, the above-mentioned five channel detection mechanisms may change or new channel detection mechanisms may be generated, but they are all applicable to this Publicly describe the technical solution.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. And the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the network architecture may include: a base station 110 and a terminal 120.
  • the base station 110 is deployed in the access network.
  • the access network in the 5G NR system can be called NG-RAN (New Generation-Radio Access Network, a new generation wireless access network).
  • the base station 110 and the terminal 120 communicate with each other through some air interface technology, for example, they can communicate with each other through cellular technology.
  • the base station 110 is a device deployed in an access network to provide a wireless communication function for the terminal 120.
  • the base station 110 may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and so on.
  • the names of devices with base station functions may be different.
  • gNodeB in a 5G NR system
  • gNB gNodeB
  • the name "base station” may change.
  • the above-mentioned devices that provide the terminal 120 with a wireless communication function are collectively referred to as a base station.
  • the number of terminals 120 is usually multiple, and one or more terminals 120 may be distributed in the cell managed by each base station 110.
  • the terminal 120 may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (User Equipment, UE), mobile stations ( Mobile Station (MS), terminal device (terminal) and so on.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS Mobile Station
  • terminal device terminals.
  • the “5G NR system” in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a 5G system or NR system, but those skilled in the art can understand the meaning.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applicable to 5G NR systems, and may also be applicable to subsequent evolution systems of 5G NR systems.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a channel on an unlicensed spectrum according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the execution subject of each step may be the base station 110 in the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 or the terminal 120 in the network architecture shown in FIG. 1.
  • the execution body of each step is described as "device”. The method may include the following steps.
  • step 201 for a target beam among n beams, a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is determined, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the base station may include multiple antennas that can generate multiple beams with different directions to cover the cell served by the base station.
  • the base station may directionally send information to the terminals in the cell through the beam, or may receive the information sent by the terminals in the cell through the beam.
  • the beam used to transmit information may be referred to as a transmit beam
  • the beam used to receive information may be referred to as a receive beam.
  • the terminal may send information to the base station through a beam in a similar manner, or receive information sent by the base station through a beam.
  • the above target beam may be any one of n beams.
  • the above target beam may be a target transmission beam. Because the device needs to send information, it needs to detect whether the channel corresponding to the sending beam is idle. When the device performs channel detection on the channel, it needs to monitor the signal strength from other devices on the channel, and the monitoring uses the receive beam corresponding to the transmit beam to monitor the channel. Therefore, the detection of whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is free is mainly to detect whether the channel corresponding to the target transmit beam is free, and the receiving beam corresponding to the target transmit beam is used to perform LBT detection on the channel.
  • the device determines the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam according to the information that the channel corresponding to the target beam will be occupied for transmission.
  • the base station can determine that the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is Cat.1 or LBT Cat.2. If the information to be transmitted is DCI (Downlink Control Information) or downlink service data, it will soon occupy PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) or PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel). When transmitting information, the base station can determine that the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is LBT Cat. 3, LBT Cat. 4 or FBE mechanism.
  • SSB Synchrom Signal Block
  • RS Reference Signal
  • LBT Cat can be used. 4 Channel detection is performed, but different priorities can be configured according to the information for different QoS requirements, and different other specific parameters can be configured at the same time, such as m p , CW min, p shown in Table-1 and Table-2 CW max, p , T mcot, p and CW p size.
  • priorities can be configured according to the information for different QoS requirements, and different other specific parameters can be configured at the same time, such as m p , CW min, p shown in Table-1 and Table-2 CW max, p , T mcot, p and CW p size.
  • the p value the higher the corresponding priority and the higher the delay requirement. That is, the smaller the value of the parameter in Table-1, the easier it is to detect channel idleness.
  • the terminal When the device is a terminal, if the terminal sends a random access request to the base station, that is, it needs to occupy PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel, physical random access channel) transmission information, the terminal can determine the channel detection corresponding to the target beam The mechanism is Cat.1 or LBTCat.2. If the information to be transmitted is UCI (Uplink Control Information) or uplink service data, it needs to occupy PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) or PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel). When transmitting information, the terminal can determine that the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is LBT Cat. 3, LBT Cat. 4 or FBE mechanism.
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel, physical random access channel
  • the terminal can determine the channel detection corresponding to the target beam The mechanism is Cat.1 or LBTCat.2. If the information to be transmitted is UCI (Uplink Control Information) or uplink service data, it needs to occupy PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) or PUSCH (Physical Uplink Share
  • the terminal when the base station sends resource scheduling information to the terminal in the downlink, the terminal is scheduled to use PUCCH or PUSCH for uplink transmission, and when the gap between downlink transmission and uplink transmission is small, the terminal also performs uplink transmission. You can use LBT Cat. 2 for channel detection.
  • step 202 according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam, it is detected whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle.
  • the device detects whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam. When the channel corresponding to the target beam is detected to be idle, the device can transmit information through the channel corresponding to the target beam. If the device is a base station, the base station can send information such as SSB, RS, DCI, or downlink service data to the terminal through the channel when the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle; if the device is a terminal, the terminal detects the channel corresponding to the target beam When idle, you can send random access requests, UCI, or uplink service data to the base station through this channel.
  • the device can determine the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams, and then detect whether the channels corresponding to the n beams are idle one by one according to the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams; wherein, the n Among the beams, the beam that needs channel detection is the target beam.
  • the device has 4 beams, and the 4 beams include beam 1, beam 2, beam 3, and beam 4. Assuming that the channel detection sequence corresponding to these 4 beams is beam 3, beam 2, beam 4, and beam 1, then The device may first detect whether the channel corresponding to beam 3 is idle, then detect whether the channel corresponding to beam 2 is idle, then detect whether the channel corresponding to beam 4 is idle, and finally detect beam 1, whether the corresponding channel is idle.
  • the number of beams that the device can send simultaneously is limited, for example, the number of beams that can be sent simultaneously is m (m is greater than or equal to 1), if you want to detect channels corresponding to multiple beams (such as n), when m is less than n , You need to determine the channel detection order corresponding to multiple beams in the above manner, so that the device can perform orderly detection according to the determined channel detection order, ensuring that the beam that is sent first has priority for channel detection, so that the device performs the channel corresponding to multiple beams The detection process is more standardized and reasonable.
  • the device determining the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams includes: determining the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams according to the priority of information to be transmitted by the channel corresponding to each beam of the n beams.
  • the priority order of the information to be transmitted may be: SSB is highest, followed by RS, followed by DCI and downlink service data, and DCI and downlink service data may have the same priority. If the information to be transmitted is all downlink service data, the service type is used for sorting. For example, the higher the transmission delay requirement of the information to be transmitted, the higher the priority of channel detection.
  • the terminal 1 within the service range of beam 1 and the terminal 2 within the service range of beam 2 are both service data, but the service of terminal 1 (such as real-time voice) requires a longer delay than the service of terminal 2 ( For example, if the time delay requirement is high, the channel detection corresponding to beam 1 is performed before the channel detection corresponding to beam 2.
  • the priority order of the information to be transmitted may be: the random access request is the highest, followed by RS, then UCI and upstream service data, where UCI and upstream service data may have the same priority.
  • the device When it is detected that the channel corresponding to the target beam is not idle, the device will continue to detect until the channel corresponding to the target beam is detected to be idle, and then start to detect the channel corresponding to the next target beam. For example, the channel detection corresponding to beam 1 before the channel detection corresponding to beam 2, when it is detected that the channel corresponding to beam 1 is not idle, the device cannot use the channel corresponding to beam 1 to transmit information and needs to continue channel detection; when a certain detection When the channel corresponding to beam 1 is idle, the channel can be occupied to transmit information, and after the information is transmitted, the channel corresponding to beam 2 can be detected. However, when the channel corresponding to a certain target beam is not idle for a long time, the channels corresponding to other beams cannot start detection, and even if the channels corresponding to other beams are idle, information cannot be transmitted.
  • the device can also determine the channel detection time requirement corresponding to the target beam.
  • the channel detection time requirement includes one or more of the following Combination: detection start time, detection duration, and detection end time; within the time period that satisfies the channel detection time requirements, the device performs the step of detecting whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • the channel detection duration is a preset duration, and the detection duration corresponding to the target beam refers to the maximum time for channel detection on the channel corresponding to the target beam.
  • the device can determine the channel detection time corresponding to the target beam according to the detection duration corresponding to the target beam.
  • the device can detect whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle within the channel detection time, and does not target the target after the detection duration is exceeded.
  • the channel corresponding to the beam is subjected to channel detection, and the channel corresponding to the other beam is subjected to channel detection.
  • the channel detection mechanism is LBT Cat. 3 or LBT Cat.
  • the channel corresponding to beam 1 if the channel corresponding to beam 1 is detected for a long time, N cannot be reduced to 0, then when the detection time reaches the maximum time, the beam should be stopped. The channel corresponding to 1 is detected, and the channel corresponding to other beams is detected. Otherwise, all the channels corresponding to the beams cannot be used. When the detection of the channel of beam 1 is stopped, and the channel corresponding to the other beam may be idle when other beams are detected, the channel corresponding to the other beam may be occupied for transmission first.
  • the detection end time corresponding to the previous beam cannot exceed the detection start time corresponding to the next beam.
  • beam 1 performs channel detection before beam 2, assuming that for a communication system with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, within 14 symbols of a subframe, where the detection start time of beam 2 is the symbol number 3, then beam The channel detection of 1 must end before the symbol number 3.
  • the detection end time of the channel detection performed before transmitting a certain SSB cannot exceed the transmission time of the SSB.
  • the base station is to transmit SSB through a beam
  • the transmission position of SSB # 0 is a symbol numbered 2-5, SSB # 1
  • the sending position is the symbol number 8-11, then before sending SSB # 0, you need to start channel detection before the symbol number 2, before sending SSB # 1, you need to start before the symbol number 8.
  • Channel detection is the symbol number 8-11, then before sending SSB # 0, you need to start channel detection before the symbol number 2, before sending SSB # 1, you need to start before the symbol number 8.
  • the device can detect the channel corresponding to the other beam Whether it is idle, when it is detected that the channel is idle on other beams, information can be transmitted on the idle channel to avoid that the channel corresponding to a certain beam is not idle for a long time and the channel corresponding to other beams cannot transmit information.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each beam of the n beams is independently determined.
  • the above channel detection energy may be RSSI, and the channel detection energy threshold is the RSSI threshold.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each of the n beams can be determined independently without interfering with each other.
  • the base station may determine the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each of the n beams.
  • the terminal may receive the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each of the n beams indicated by the base station, or may include this in the channel detection indication information.
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is the LBT Cat.4 mechanism, determine the ratio of the HARQ-NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat-request-Non Acknowledge, hybrid automatic repeat request-negative acknowledgement) value corresponding to the target beam;
  • the CWS value corresponding to the target beam is updated according to the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam.
  • the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value here may be the ratio of the data feedback sent by the receiving end to the sending end as a NACK within the reference time, and the device may update the CWS value corresponding to the target beam according to the magnitude relationship between the ratio and the preset threshold.
  • CWS is determined by the channel access priority level p in LBT Cat.4.
  • the channel access priority level is different, and the optional values of CWS are different. Refer to Table-1 and Table-2.
  • the priority will have a CW max, p and CW min, p , and corresponding multiple CW p optional value parameters, the contention window will determine one from these multiple optional values, CW min when the channel is first accessed , p- value.
  • CWS can be adjusted. For example, when the device detects the channel for the first time, the channel is idle, and after the end of T mcot, p , the device will receive the error rate of data transmission within a reference time, that is, the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value that the receiver feeds back.
  • the CWS value needs to be increased, otherwise, the original CWS value is kept unchanged.
  • the CWS value increases to CW max, p , and after maintaining CW max, p a preset number of times, the CWS value is reset to CW min, p .
  • the reference time may be one of the specific subframes within the channel occupation time for the first time, which may be specified by the protocol; the preset threshold and the preset number of times may be specified by the protocol, or the device may determine it by itself.
  • the CWS of the base station accessing the channel for the first time to perform channel detection is 3, the channel is detected to be idle, and after 2ms, the base station determines the second channel detection according to the proportion of the HARQ-NACK value fed back in a specific subframe within these 2ms CWS. Assuming that the ratio of HARQ-NACK values is equal to or greater than 80%, the CWS needs to be increased. According to the optional value of CW p , CWS increases to 7, which is CW max, p . Assuming that the CWS is 7 after 10 times, the CWS is reset to 3.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam-based channel detection scheme in an unlicensed spectrum scenario.
  • the channel detection mechanisms are independently determined, and the The channel corresponding to each beam is subjected to channel detection, which makes the channel detection result more accurate and more beneficial to beam-based transmission and reception.
  • the transmission delay requirement for transmission can be preferentially detected High information channel, which improves the transmission efficiency and enhances the throughput of the communication system.
  • the device can detect other beams Whether the corresponding channel is idle, when it is detected that the channel corresponding to the other beam is idle, information can be transmitted on the idle channel to avoid that the channel corresponding to a certain beam is not idle for a long time and the channel corresponding to the other beam is also caused Unable to transfer information.
  • the method provided in the above embodiment of FIG. 2 is applicable to both the base station and the terminal.
  • the terminal can also determine the target beam for channel detection in the following manner.
  • the terminal receives the channel detection instruction information sent by the base station; the terminal determines the target beam for channel detection according to the channel detection instruction information.
  • the above channel detection indication information is used to indicate whether the channel corresponding to the detection target beam is idle.
  • the channel detection indication information may include identification information of the target beam.
  • the target beam indicated by the base station is a target transmission beam, that is, the terminal needs to use the target transmission beam for uplink transmission. Then the terminal needs to detect whether the channel corresponding to the target transmit beam is idle, and detecting whether the channel is idle requires the terminal to use the receive beam corresponding to the target transmit beam to monitor the signal strength of the transmitted signals of other devices on the channel.
  • the comparison result of the threshold value is used to judge whether the channel is idle.
  • the above channel detection indication information further includes a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam. If the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is LBT Cat. 4, the channel detection indication information may further include a p value, that is, a channel access priority level.
  • the terminal determines the target beam that needs channel detection according to the received channel detection instruction information, and then detects whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • the terminal may also determine the target beam for channel detection by itself.
  • the terminal determines the reception beam used for the most recently received information as the target beam for channel detection; or, the terminal determines the transmission beam used for the most recently transmitted information as the target beam for channel detection.
  • the receiving beam used to receive the above SSB or CSI-RS is determined as the target for channel detection Beam.
  • the receive beam used to receive the DCI or downlink service data is determined as the channel The detected target beam.
  • the transmit beam used by UCI or uplink service data is determined as the target beam for channel detection.
  • the terminal After determining the target beam for channel detection and the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam, the terminal detects whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism. When the channel corresponding to the target beam is detected to be idle, the terminal can pass the The channel corresponding to the target beam transmits information.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a channel detection method on an unlicensed spectrum provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method is mainly applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 for description.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • step 301 the terminal sends an SR (Scheduling Request, scheduling request) to the base station.
  • SR Service Request, scheduling request
  • the terminal When the terminal needs to transmit information to the base station, it sends an SR to the base station, requesting the base station to allocate uplink resources to the terminal. If the terminal uses authorized spectrum to send SR to the base station, there is no need for channel detection; if the terminal uses unlicensed spectrum to send SR to the base station, it needs to use one of the above five channel detection mechanisms for channel detection. When the channel detection is idle , And then send SR.
  • the specific channel detection mechanism to be used is not limited here.
  • step 302 after receiving the SR sent by the terminal, the base station sends channel detection instruction information to the terminal.
  • the above channel detection indication information is used to indicate whether the channel corresponding to the detection target beam is idle.
  • the channel detection indication information may include identification information of the target beam.
  • the channel detection indication information may further include one or a combination of one or more items of information such as channel detection mechanism, p-value, detection start time, detection duration, detection end time, and channel detection energy threshold.
  • the terminal may determine one or more items of information above.
  • step 303 the terminal determines the target beam for channel detection according to the channel detection instruction information.
  • step 304 the terminal determines the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • step 305 the terminal detects whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • step 306 when the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle, the terminal sends information to the base station through the channel corresponding to the target beam.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam-based channel detection scheme in an unlicensed spectrum scenario.
  • the channel detection mechanisms are independently determined, and the The channel corresponding to each beam is subjected to channel detection, which makes the channel detection result more accurate and more beneficial to beam-based transmission and reception.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure is described and explained only from the perspective of interaction between the base station and the terminal.
  • the steps performed by the base station described above can be implemented separately as channel detection on the unlicensed spectrum on the base station side
  • the above-mentioned steps performed by the terminal can be independently implemented as a channel detection method on the unlicensed spectrum on the terminal side.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a channel detection device on an unlicensed spectrum according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device has a function to realize the above method example, and the function may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the device can be applied to the base station or terminal described above.
  • the apparatus 400 may include: a first determination module 401 and a detection module 402.
  • the first determining module 401 is configured to determine a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam among the target beams of n beams, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the detection module 402 is configured to detect whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a beam-based channel detection scheme in an unlicensed spectrum scenario.
  • the channel detection mechanisms are independently determined, and the The channel corresponding to each beam is subjected to channel detection, which makes the channel detection result more accurate and more beneficial to beam-based transmission and reception.
  • the first determining module 401 is configured to determine the channel corresponding to the target beam according to the information that the channel corresponding to the target beam will be occupied for transmission Detection mechanism.
  • the apparatus 400 further includes: a second determination module 403;
  • the second determining module 403 is configured to determine the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams
  • the detection module 402 is further configured to detect whether the channels corresponding to the n beams are idle one by one according to the channel detection sequence corresponding to the n beams; The target beam.
  • the second determining module 403 is configured to determine the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams according to the priority of information to be transmitted by the channel corresponding to each beam of the n beams.
  • the apparatus 400 further includes: a third determination module 404;
  • the third determining module 404 is configured to determine a channel detection time requirement corresponding to the target beam, and the channel detection time requirement includes a combination of one or more of the following: detection start time, detection duration, and detection end time ;
  • the detection module 402 is further configured to execute the step of detecting whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam within a period that meets the channel detection time requirement.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each of the n beams is independently determined.
  • the apparatus 400 further includes: a fourth determination module 405 and an update module 406;
  • the fourth determining module 405 is configured to determine the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam when the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is the LBT Cat.4 mechanism;
  • the update module 406 is configured to update the CWS value corresponding to the target beam according to the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam.
  • the device when the device is applied to a terminal, the device further includes: a receiving module (not shown in the figure) and The fifth determination module (not shown in the figure);
  • the receiving module is configured to receive channel detection indication information sent by a base station, and the channel detection indication information is used to indicate whether a channel corresponding to the target beam is idle;
  • the fifth determining module is configured to determine the target beam that needs to perform channel detection according to the channel detection instruction information.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is applied to a terminal, the apparatus further includes a fifth determination module configured to:
  • the transmission beam used by the most recently transmitted information is determined as the target beam for channel detection.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a channel detection device on an unlicensed spectrum, which can be applied to the base station or terminal described above, and can implement the channel detection method on the unlicensed spectrum provided by the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus may include: a processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor.
  • the processor is configured as:
  • n is an integer greater than 1
  • the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam it is detected whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle.
  • the processor is configured to determine a channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam according to information that will occupy a channel corresponding to the target beam for transmission.
  • the processor is further configured to: determine a channel detection order corresponding to the n beams; according to the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams, detect whether the channels corresponding to the n beams are idle one by one; Wherein, among the n beams, the beams requiring channel detection are the target beams.
  • the processor is configured to determine the channel detection order corresponding to the n beams according to the priority of information to be transmitted by the channel corresponding to each beam of the n beams.
  • the processor is further configured to determine a channel detection time requirement corresponding to the target beam, and the channel detection time requirement includes a combination of one or more of the following: detection start time, detection duration, detection End time
  • the step of detecting whether the channel corresponding to the target beam is idle according to the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is performed.
  • the channel detection energy threshold corresponding to each beam of the n beams is independently determined.
  • the processor is further configured to: when the channel detection mechanism corresponding to the target beam is the LBT Cat. 4 mechanism, determine the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam;
  • the CWS value corresponding to the target beam is updated according to the ratio of the HARQ-NACK value corresponding to the target beam.
  • the processor is further configured to receive channel detection indication information sent by a base station, where the channel detection indication information is used to indicate whether a channel corresponding to the target beam is idle ; According to the channel detection instruction information, determine the target beam that needs channel detection.
  • the processor is further configured to: determine the receive beam used by the most recently received information as the target beam for channel detection; or, transmit the most recent The transmission beam used for the information of the source is determined as the target beam for channel detection.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a channel detection system on an unlicensed spectrum, which may include the base station and the terminal described above.
  • the base station and the terminal include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or computer software driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the base station 600 includes a transmitter / receiver 601 and a processor 602.
  • the processor 602 may also be a controller, which is represented as “controller / processor 602” in FIG. 6.
  • the transmitter / receiver 601 is used to support sending and receiving information between the base station and the terminal in the foregoing embodiments, and to support communication between the base station and other network entities.
  • the processor 602 performs various functions for communicating with the terminal.
  • the uplink signal from the terminal is received via the antenna, demodulated by the receiver 601 (eg, demodulate the high-frequency signal into a baseband signal), and further processed by the processor 602 to recover the terminal Send to business data and signaling information.
  • the service data and signaling messages are processed by the processor 602 and modulated by the transmitter 601 (for example, modulating the baseband signal to a high-frequency signal) to generate a downlink signal, which is transmitted to the terminal via the antenna .
  • the above demodulation or modulation function may also be completed by the processor 602.
  • the processor 602 is further configured to execute various steps on the base station side in the foregoing method embodiments, and / or other steps of the technical solution described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the base station 600 may further include a memory 603, which is used to store the program code and data of the base station 600.
  • the base station may also include a communication unit 604.
  • the communication unit 604 is used to support the base station to communicate with other network entities (such as network devices in the core network).
  • the communication unit 604 may be an NG-U interface for supporting communication between a base station and a UPF (User Plane Function) entity; or, the communication unit 604 may also be an NG-C Interface, used to support access to AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function access and mobility management function) entities to communicate.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function access and mobility management function
  • FIG. 6 only shows a simplified design of the base station 600.
  • the base station 600 may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, memories, communication units, etc., and all base stations that can implement the embodiments of the present disclosure are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure Inside.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the terminal 700 includes a transmitter 701, a receiver 702, and a processor 703.
  • the processor 703 may also be a controller, which is represented as "controller / processor 703" in FIG.
  • the terminal 700 may further include a modem processor 705, where the modem processor 705 may include an encoder 706, a modulator 707, a decoder 708, and a demodulator 709.
  • the transmitter 701 adjusts (eg, analog conversion, filtering, amplification, up-conversion, etc.) the output samples and generates an uplink signal, which is transmitted to the base station via the antenna.
  • the antenna receives the downlink signal transmitted by the base station.
  • the receiver 702 adjusts (eg, filters, amplifies, down-converts, digitizes, etc.) the signal received from the antenna and provides input samples.
  • the encoder 706 receives service data and signaling messages to be sent on the uplink, and processes the service data and signaling messages (eg, formatting, encoding, and interleaving).
  • the modulator 707 further processes (eg, symbol mapping and modulation) the encoded service data and signaling messages and provides output samples.
  • the demodulator 709 processes (eg, demodulates) the input samples and provides symbol estimates.
  • the decoder 708 processes (e.g., deinterleaves and decodes) the symbol estimate and provides the decoded data and signaling messages sent to the terminal 700.
  • the encoder 706, the modulator 707, the demodulator 709, and the decoder 708 may be implemented by a synthesized modem processor 705. These units are processed according to the wireless access technology adopted by the wireless access network (for example, the access technology of 5G NR and other evolved systems). It should be noted that, when the terminal 700 does not include the modem processor 705, the above functions of the modem processor 705 may also be completed by the processor 703.
  • the processor 703 controls and manages the operation of the terminal 700, and is used to execute the processing procedure performed by the terminal 700 in the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the processor 703 is further configured to execute various steps on the terminal side in the foregoing method embodiments, and / or other steps of the technical solution described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal 700 may further include a memory 704, and the memory 704 is used to store program codes and data for the terminal 700.
  • FIG. 7 only shows a simplified design of the terminal 700.
  • the terminal 700 may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, modem processors, memories, etc., and all terminals that can implement the embodiments of the present disclosure are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure Inside.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor of the device, the steps of the channel detection method on the unlicensed spectrum described above are implemented.

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Abstract

一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质，所述方法包括：对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。本公开实施例提供了一种在非授权频谱场景下，基于波束的信道检测方案，针对不同波束对应的信道，其信道检测机制各自独立确定，并对各个波束对应的信道分别进行信道检测，使得信道检测结果更加准确，更有益于基于波束的发送和接收。

Description

非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质 技术领域
本公开实施例涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质。
背景技术
LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)通信系统中，在使用非授权频谱时，信号是通过全向天线进行全向发送的，因而，在信道接入之前的信道检测也是基于全向天线的信道检测。例如，基站需要在非授权频谱上发送信息之前，先检测该基站周围的RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator，接收信号强度指示)，由于上述RSSI是基于全向天线接收，因而上述RSSI是某一个时间粒度内所有方向能够接收到的RSSI的总和；然后该将所有方向能够接收到的RSSI的总和与门限值相比较，若大于该门限值，则表示信道被占用，若RSSI小于该门限值，则表示信道空闲。
在5G NR(New Radio，新空口)系统中，非授权频谱的频段较高，为了增加覆盖范围，基站和终端会使用多个具有不同指向的波束进行信号的发送和接收，即基于波束的发送和接收。
但是，不同波束方向上的信道使用情况不一样，若仍旧采用LTE系统中的基于全向天线的信道检测，则会导致信道检测结果不准确的问题。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质，可以解决不同波束方向上的信道检测结果不准确的问题。技术方案如下：
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法，所述方法包括：
对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是 否空闲。
可选地，所述确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，包括：
根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；
根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
可选地，所述确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，包括：
根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
可选地，当所述方法应用于终端时，所述方法还包括：
接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；
根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
可选地，当所述方法应用于终端时，所述方法还包括：
将最近使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；
或者，
将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置，所述装置包括：
第一确定模块，被配置为对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
检测模块，被配置为按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
可选地，所述第一确定模块，被配置为根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
可选地，所述装置还包括：第二确定模块；
所述第二确定模块，被配置为确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；
所述检测模块，还被配置为根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
可选地，所述第二确定模块，被配置为根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
可选地，所述装置还包括：第三确定模块；
所述第三确定模块，被配置为确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
所述检测模块，还被配置为在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
可选地，所述装置还包括：第四确定模块和更新模块；
所述第四确定模块，被配置为当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
所述更新模块，被配置为根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
可选地，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述装置还包括：接收模块和第五确定模块；
所述接收模块，被配置为接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检 测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；
所述第五确定模块，被配置为根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
可选地，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述装置还包括：第五确定模块，被配置为：
将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；
或者，
将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置，所述装置包括：
处理器；
用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
其中，所述处理器被配置为：
对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
根据本公开实施例的第四方面，提供了非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述方法的步骤。
本公开实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
提供了一种在非授权频谱场景下，基于波束的信道检测方案，针对不同波束对应的信道，其信道检测机制各自独立确定，并对各个波束对应的信道分别进行信道检测，使得信道检测结果更加准确，更有益于基于波束的发送和接收。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种网络架构的示意图；
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法的流程图；
图3是根据另一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法的流程图；
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置的框图；
图5是根据另一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置的框图；
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种基站的结构示意图；
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在对本公开实施例进行介绍说明之前，首先对本公开中涉及的信道检测机制进行解释说明。
信道检测机制通常可以包括以下五种：
第一种(Cat.1)：不含LBT(Listen before talk，先听后说)，即设备在传输信息之前不需要进行信道检测，直接发送信息。LBT也可以称为监听避让机制，用于实现非授权频谱的有效共享。LBT要求在传输信息前先监听信道，进行CCA(Clear Channel Assessment，空闲信道评估)，在确保信道空闲的情况下再进行传输。
第二种(LBT Cat.2)：不含随机退避过程的LBT机制。设备在传输信息之前，只需要检测一个时间粒度即可，例如时间粒度可以是25us，如果在该时间 粒度内信道空闲，那么设备就可以传输信息，否则，LBT执行失败，设备不可以传输信息。
第三种(LBT Cat.3)：CWS(Contention Window Size，竞争窗口大小)固定的随机退避型LBT机制，发送设备首先在第一时间粒度检测该波束对应的信道是否空闲，若检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，在第一竞争窗口内选取随机数的值N，并以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果在第二时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，且随机数的值不为0，则将随机数的值减1，并继续以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果在第二时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道忙，则再次以第一时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果再次在第一时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，且随机数的值不为0，则将随机数的值减1，并恢复以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；直至随机数的值减为0，才表示信道空闲。
第四种(LBT Cat.4)：CWS可变的随机退避型LBT机制。即在LBT Cat.3的基础上，发送设备可以根据前一次传输的结果调整CWS。比如前一次传输过程中的一个参考时间内传输的数据中，没有被正确接收的比例为X，当X大于一个门限时，则CWS值增加。为了细化LBT过程中的参数设置，在LBT Cat.4中设置了四种优先级，每种优先级对应不同的参数配置，不同业务类型的数据传输对应不同的优先级。
LBT Cat.4的原理如下：设备首先在第一时间粒度检测该波束对应的信道是否空闲，若检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，在第一竞争窗口内选取随机数的值N，并以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果在第二时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，且随机数的值不为0，则将随机数的值减1，并继续以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果在第二时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道忙，则再次以第一时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；如果再次在第一时间粒度检测到该波束对应的信道空闲，且随机数的值不为0，则将随机数的值减1，并恢复以第二时间粒度为时间粒度进行信道检测；直至随机数的值减为0，才表示信道空闲。
举例来说，第一时间粒度为16us+M*9us，第二时间粒度为9us，则先检测16us+M*9us内信道是否空闲，若信道空闲，则在竞争窗口内选取随机数的值N，再以9us为粒度进行检测，若信道空闲，则N-1，并继续以9us为粒度检测；否则，以16us+M*9us为粒度进行信道检测，当检测信道空闲，则N-1，并恢 复以9us为粒度检测直到随机数为0才表示信道空闲，可以使用。
其中，上述M的取值由表-1和表-2里的m p决定，信道接入优先级值p不同，M取值不同。表-1为下行LBT Cat.4四种优先级参数配置，表-2为上行LBT Cat.4四种优先级参数配置，两者只是配置的数值略有不同。
表-1
Figure PCTCN2018111733-appb-000001
表-2
Figure PCTCN2018111733-appb-000002
上述表-1和表-2所示的四种信道接入优先级中，p值越小，对应的优先级越高。m p是一个延迟时间中所包含ECCA(Extended Clear Channel，延长空闲信道评估)的个数，每个延迟时间是由固定的16us时长和m p个ECCA组成的，即上文介绍的第一时间粒度。CW min,p和CW max,p是最小竞争窗口值和最大竞争窗口值，在LBT过程中的CWS便是在这两个值之间生成的，然后再由0到生成的竞争窗口CW p中随机生成的退避计数器N来决定LBT信道检测过程中退避的时间长短，而T mcot,p是每种优先级对应的LBT Cat.4执行成功之后能占用信道的最大时长，由上表可知相较于优先级1，2而言，优先级3，4的LBT过程的执行时间较长，获得信道接入的机会相对较低，为了保证公平性，使用这两种优先级的数据传输能占用的最大传输时间也相对较长。
第五种：基于帧结构的信道检测机制，即FBE(Frame Based Equipment)。对于FBE，设定一个周期，每个周期的固定位置进行一次信道检测，如在每个CCA检测时间内进行CCA检测。若检测到信道状态为空闲，即可占用信道进行传输，且最大信道占用时间长度固定，到了下个周期的CCA检测时间时再 次进行CCA检测；若检测到信道状态为非空闲，则在这个周期内设备不能占用信道，直至等到下一个周期的固定位置继续检测。固定周期是指FBE调度的时域单元，例如固定周期可以是FFP(Fixed Frame Period，固定帧周期)。固定周期的时长可以由协议预先规定。
需要说明的是，上述五种信道检测机制只是示例性介绍说明，随着通信技术的演进，上述五种信道检测机制可能有所变化，或者有新的信道检测机制产生，但都是适用于本公开描述的技术方案。
本公开实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，并不构成对本公开实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本公开实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种网络架构的示意图。该网络架构可以包括：基站110和终端120。
基站110部署在接入网中。5G NR系统中的接入网可以称为NG-RAN(New Generation-Radio Access Network，新一代无线接入网)。基站110与终端120之间通过某种空口技术互相通信，例如可以通过蜂窝技术相互通信。
基站110是一种部署在接入网中用以为终端120提供无线通信功能的装置。基站110可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站，接入点等等。在采用不同的无线接入技术的系统中，具备基站功能的设备的名称可能会有所不同，例如在5G NR系统中，称为gNodeB或者gNB。随着通信技术的演进，“基站”这一名称可能会变化。为方便描述，本公开实施例中，上述为终端120提供无线通信功能的装置统称为基站。
终端120的数量通常为多个，每一个基站110所管理的小区内可以分布一个或多个终端120。终端120可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(User Equipment，UE)，移动台(Mobile Station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)等等。为方便描述，本公开实施例中，上面提到的设备统称为终端。
本公开实施例中的“5G NR系统”也可以称为5G系统或者NR系统，但本领域技术人员可以理解其含义。本公开实施例描述的技术方案可以适用于5G  NR系统，也可以适用于5G NR系统后续的演进系统。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法的流程图。在本实施例中，各步骤的执行主体可以是图1所示网络架构中的基站110，也可以是图1所示网络架构中的终端120。为了便于说明，在下述方法实施例中，除特别说明之外，以各步骤的执行主体为“设备”进行描述说明。该方法可以包括如下几个步骤。
在步骤201中，对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制，n为大于1的整数。
在5G NR系统中，为了提升无线信号的传输质量，引入波束成形(beamforming)技术，实现定向信息发送或接收，即基于波束的发送接收。基站可以包括多个天线，该多个天线能够产生多个不同指向的波束，覆盖基站所服务的小区。基站可以通过波束向小区内的终端定向发送信息，也可以通过波束定向接收小区内的终端发送的信息。其中，用于发送信息的波束可以称为发送波束，用于接收信息的波束可以称为接收波束。同样地，终端也可以采用类似方式通过波束向基站发送信息，或者通过波束接收基站发送的信息。
当设备需要在非授权频谱上使用目标波束对应的信道传输信息时，首先要检测该目标波束对应的信道是否空闲，只有在信道空闲的时候才可以占用该信道传输信息。上述目标波束可以是n个波束中的任意一个波束。上述目标波束可以是目标发送波束。因为设备需要发送信息时，需要检测的是发送波束对应的信道是否空闲。而设备要对信道进行信道检测时，需要监听该信道上来自其它设备的信号强度，而监听使用的则是该发送波束对应的接收波束来监听该信道。所以这里检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲，主要是检测目标发送波束对应的信道是否空闲，而使用的是目标发送波束对应的接收波束来对信道进行LBT检测。
在一种可能的实施方式中，设备根据将要占用目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
当设备为基站时，若所需传输的信息为SSB(Synchronization Signal Block，同步信号块)或者RS(Reference Signal，参考信号)时，基站可以确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制为Cat.1或者LBT Cat.2。若将要传输的信息为DCI(Downlink Control Information，下行控制信息)或者下行业务数据时，即将 要占用PDCCH(Physical Downlink Control Channel，物理下行控制信道)或者PDSCH(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，物理下行共享信道)传输信息时，基站可以确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.3、LBT Cat.4或者FBE机制。
另外，即使将要传输的都是通过PDSCH发送的下行业务数据，但将要传输的信息的QoS(Quality of Service，服务质量：比如时延要求、传输速率要求等)不同时，可以都采用LBT Cat.4进行信道检测，但可以根据为不同的QoS需求的信息配置不同的优先级，同时可以配置不同的其它具体参数，如表-1和表-2中示出的m p、CW min,p、CW max,p、T mcot,p和CW p大小。四种优先级中，p值越小，对应的优先级越高，时延要求越高，也就是表-1中的参数取值越小，越容易检测到信道空闲。
当设备为终端时，若终端向基站发送随机接入(random access)请求时，即需要占用PRACH(Physical Random Access Channel，物理随机接入信道)传输信息时，终端可以确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制为Cat.1或者LBT Cat.2。若所需传输的信息UCI(Uplink Control Information，上行控制信息)或者上行业务数据时，即需要占用PUCCH(Physical Uplink Control Channel，物理上行控制信道)或者PUSCH(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，物理上行共享信道)传输信息时，终端可以确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.3、LBT Cat.4或者FBE机制。
需要说明的一点是，当基站下行向终端发送资源调度信息后，调度终端使用PUCCH或者PUSCH上行发送，且下行传输和上行传输之间的时间间隔(gap)较小时，终端在进行上行发送时也可以使用LBT Cat.2进行信道检测。
通过针对不同的传输信息配置不同的信道检测机制，进一步可以配置对应于信道检测机制的检测参数，从而提高信道检测的准确率与检测效率。
在步骤202中，按照目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
设备按照目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲，当检测到目标波束对应的信道空闲时，即可通过该目标波束对应的信道传输信息。如果设备是基站，基站在检测到目标波束对应的信道空闲时，可以通过该信道向终端发送SSB、RS、DCI或者下行业务数据等信息；如果设备是终端，终端在检测到目标波束对应的信道空闲时，可以通过该信道向基站发送随 机接入请求、UCI或者上行业务数据等信息。
另外，由于设备具有n个波束，设备可以确定该n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，然后根据该n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。例如，设备具有4个波束，该4个波束包括波束1、波束2、波束3和波束4，假设这4个波束对应的信道检测顺序依次是波束3、波束2、波束4、波束1，那么设备可以先检测波束3对应的信道是否空闲，再检测波束2对应的信道是否空闲，然后检测波束4对应的信道是否空闲，最后检测波束1，对应的信道是否空闲。由于设备能同时发送的波束的数目有限，比如能同时发送的波束数目为m(m大于或等于1)，若要对多个波束(比如n个)对应的信道进行检测，当m小于n时，则需要通过上述方式确定多个波束对应的信道检测顺序，从而设备可以根据确定的信道检测顺序进行有序检测，确保先发送的波束优先进行信道检测，使得设备对多个波束对应的信道进行检测的过程更加规范合理。
可选地，设备确定n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，包括：根据n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
当设备为基站时，将要传输的信息的优先级顺序可以为：SSB最高，接下来是RS，其次是DCI和下行业务数据，DCI和下行业务数据的优先级可以相同。若将要传输的信息都是下行业务数据时，则参考其业务类型进行排序，比如根据将要传输的信息对传输时延的要求越高，信道的检测优先级越高的原则进行排序。
示例性地，波束1服务范围内的终端1和波束2服务范围内的终端2，将要传输的信息都是业务数据，但是终端1的业务(如实时语音)时延要求比终端2的业务(如影音视频)时延要求高，那么波束1对应的信道检测在波束2对应的信道检测之前执行。
当设备为终端时，将要传输的信息的优先级顺序可以为：随机接入请求最高，接下来是RS，然后是UCI和上行业务数据，其中UCI和上行业务数据的优先级可以相同。
通过根据各个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定多个波束对应的信道检测顺序，当设备有多个信息将要传输时，可以优先检测用于传输对传输时延要求高的信息的信道，从而提高了传输效率，提升了通信系统的吞吐 量。
当检测到目标波束对应的信道不空闲时，设备将继续检测，直到检测到该目标波束对应的信道空闲后，开始检测下一个目标波束对应的信道。例如，波束1对应的信道检测在波束2对应的信道检测之前，当检测到波束1对应的信道不空闲时，设备不能采用波束1对应的信道传输信息，需要继续进行信道检测；当某一次检测到波束1对应的信道空闲时，可以占用该信道传输信息，传完信息之后，开始检测波束2对应的信道。但是，当某一目标波束对应的信道长时间不空闲时，其它波束对应的信道也不能开始检测，即便其它波束对应的信道空闲，也无法传输信息。
为了避免因某一波束对应的信道长时间不空闲而导致其它波束对应的信道也无法传输信息，设备还可以确定目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；在满足信道检测时间要求的时段内，设备执行按照目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
信道检测时长为预设时长，目标波束对应的检测时长是指对该目标波束对应的信道进行信道检测的最大时间。在这种情况下，设备可以根据目标波束对应的检测时长确定目标波束对应的信道检测时间，设备可以在该信道检测时间内检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲，超过该检测时长后就不对该目标波束对应的信道进行信道检测，而对其它波束对应的信道进行信道检测。比如当信道检测机制为LBT Cat.3或LBT Cat.4时，如果对波束1对应的信道检测了很长时间N一直不能减为0，那么当检测时长达到最大时间时，应停止对该波束1对应的信道进行检测，而开始对其它波束对应的信道进行检测。否则，所有的波束对应的信道都无法使用。而停止对波束1的信道进行检测，开始检测其它波束时可能其它波束对应的信道是空闲的，就可以先占用其它波束对应的信道来进行传输。
此外，当信道检测时间要求包括检测起始时刻和检测结束时刻时，在这种情况下，前一个波束对应的检测结束时刻不能超过其下一个波束对应的检测起始时刻。例如，波束1在波束2之前进行信道检测，假设对于子载波间隔为15kHz的通信系统，一个子帧的14个符号内，其中，波束2的检测起始时刻为编号为3的符号，那么波束1的信道检测必须在编号为3的符号之前结束。
另外，当传输的信息是SSB时，由于SSB有固定的发送时间，因而在传 输某一SSB之前进行的信道检测的检测结束时刻不能超过该SSB的发送时刻。
示例性地，如果基站要通过波束发送SSB，假设对于子载波间隔为15kHz的通信系统，一个子帧的14个符号内，SSB#0的发送位置为编号为2-5的符号，SSB#1的发送位置为编号为8-11的符号，则在发送SSB#0之前，需要在编号为2的符号之前开始进行信道检测，在发送SSB#1之前，需要在编号为8的符号之前开始进行信道检测。
通过对波束对应的信道检测的检测起始时刻、检测时长或者检测结束时刻进行限制，使得设备在某一波束对应的信道上长时间内检测不到信道空闲时，设备可以检测其它波束对应的信道是否空闲，当在其它波束上检测到信道空闲时，就可以在该空闲信道上传输信息，避免因某一波束对应的信道长时间不空闲而导致其它波束对应的信道也无法传输信息。
可选地，n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
上述信道检测能量可以是RSSI，信道检测能量阈值即RSSI的阈值。n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值可以各自独立确定，互不干扰。
当设备为基站时，基站可以自己确定n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值。
当设备为终端时，终端可以接收基站指示的n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值，也可以将此包含在信道检测指示信息中。
可选地，当目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat request-Non Acknowledge，混合自动重传请求-否定确认)值的比例；根据目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新目标波束对应的CWS值。这里的HARQ-NACK值的比例可以是参考时间内接收端对发送端发送的数据反馈为NACK的比例值，设备可以根据该比例值与预设阈值的大小关系来更新目标波束对应的CWS值。
在LBT Cat.4中，CWS是由LBT Cat.4中的信道接入优先级别p决定的，信道接入优先级别不同，CWS的可选值不同，参考表-1和表-2，每种优先级会带有一个CW max,p和CW min,p，以及对应多个CW p可选值参数，竞争窗口就从这多个可选值中确定一个，初次接入信道时为CW min,p值。CWS是可以进行调整的。例如，设备在第一次信道检测时，信道空闲，并在T mcot,p结束之后，设备会根据一个参考时间内的数据传输的接收错误率，即接收端反馈为HARQ-NACK值的比例，来确定第二次信道检测时的CWS。若该HARQ-NACK 值的比例等于或大于预设阈值时，则需要增大CWS值，否则，保持原CWS值不变。当CWS值增大到CW max,p时，并维持CW max,p预设次数之后，将CWS值重新设置为CW min,p。其中，参考时间可以是第一次占用信道时间内的其中一个特定子帧，可以由协议规定；预设阈值和预设次数可由协议规定，或者设备自己确定。
示例性地，假设下行传输过程中，采用LBT Cat.4进行信道检测，并采用优先级别为1对应的具体参数，即CW max,p＝7，CW min,p＝3，T mcot,p＝2ms，参考表-1。基站初次接入信道执行信道检测的CWS则为3，检测到信道空闲，并在2ms之后，基站根据这2ms内的一个特定子帧内反馈的HARQ-NACK值的比例来确定第二次信道检测时的CWS。假设HARQ-NACK值的比例等于或大于80％时，需要增大CWS。按照CW p的可选值，则CWS增大到7，也就是CW max,p。假设CWS为7的情况维持了10次之后，则将CWS重新设置为3。
综上所述，本公开实施例提供的技术方案中，提供了一种在非授权频谱场景下，基于波束的信道检测方案，针对不同波束对应的信道，其信道检测机制各自独立确定，并对各个波束对应的信道分别进行信道检测，使得信道检测结果更加准确，更有益于基于波束的发送和接收。
另一方面，通过根据各个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定多个波束对应的信道检测顺序，当设备有多个信息将要传输时，可以优先检测用于传输对传输时延要求高的信息的信道，从而提高了传输效率，提升了通信系统的吞吐量。
再一方面，通过对波束对应的信道检测的检测起始时刻、检测时长或者检测结束时刻进行限制，使得设备在某一波束对应的信道上长时间检测不到信道空闲时，设备可以检测其它波束对应的信道是否空闲，当在其它波束对应的信道上检测到信道空闲时，就可以在该空闲信道上传输信息，避免因某一波束对应的信道长时间不空闲而导致其它波束对应的信道也无法传输信息。
上述图2实施例提供的方法，对于基站和终端均可适用。
需要补充说明的一点是，当上述设备为终端时，终端还可采用下述方式确定进行信道检测的目标波束。
在一种可能的实施方式中，终端接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息；终端根据该信道检测指示信息，确定进行信道检测的目标波束。
上述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。信道检测指示信息可以包括目标波束的标识信息。基站指示的目标波束为目标发送波束，即终端需要用该目标发送波束进行上行发送。那么终端需要检测该目标发送波束对应的信道是否空闲，而检测该信道是否空闲就需要终端使用目标发送波束对应的接收波束来监听该信道上其它设备的发送信号的信号强度，根据该信号强度与门限值的比较结果，来判断信道是否空闲。
可选地，上述信道检测指示信息还包括目标波束对应的信道检测机制。若目标波束对应的信道检测机制是LBT Cat.4，则信道检测指示信息还可包括p值，即信道接入优先级别。
终端根据接收到的信道检测指示信息，确定出需要进行信道检测的目标波束，然后按照该目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测该目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，终端还可以自己确定该进行信道检测的目标波束。终端将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的目标波束；或者，终端将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的目标波束。
示例性地，当终端最近接收的是SSB或者CSI-RS(channel state information reference signal，信道状态信息参考信号)时，将接收上述SSB或者CSI-RS所使用的接收波束确定为进行信道检测的目标波束。
示例性地，当终端最近接收的是基站发送的DCI或者下行业务数据时，即接收的是来自占用PDCCH或者PDSCH的信息时，将接收上述DCI或者下行业务数据所使用的接收波束确定为进行信道检测的目标波束。
示例性地，当终端最近发送的是SRS(Sounding Reference Signal，探测参考信号)、UCI和上行业务数据中的任意一种时，即需要占用PUCCH或者PUSCH给基站发送信息时，将发送上述SRS、UCI或者上行业务数据所使用的发送波束确定为进行信道检测的目标波束。
终端在确定进行信道检测的目标波束以及该目标波束对应的信道检测机制之后，按照该信道检测机制检测该目标波束对应的信道是否空闲，当检测到目标波束对应的信道空闲时，即可通过该目标波束对应的信道传输信息。
请参考图3，其示出了本公开另一个实施例提供的一种非授权频谱上的信 道检测方法的流程图。在本实施例中，主要以该方法应用于图1所示的网络架构中来介绍说明。该方法可以包括以下几个步骤：
在步骤301中，终端向基站发送SR(Scheduling Request，调度请求)。
当终端有向基站传输信息的需求时，向基站发送SR，请求基站为终端分配上行资源。终端若使用授权频谱向基站发送SR，则不需要进行信道检测；终端若使用非授权频谱向基站发送SR，则需要使用上述5种信道检测机制中的一种进行信道检测，当信道检测空闲时，再发送SR。具体使用哪一种信道检测机制，此处不做限制。
在步骤302中，基站在接收到终端发送的SR后，向终端发送信道检测指示信息。
上述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。信道检测指示信息可以包括目标波束的标识信息。
在一些其它示例中，信道检测指示信息还可以包括信道检测机制、p值、检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻、信道检测能量阈值等信息中的一项或者多项的组合。或者，终端可以自己确定上述一项或者多项信息。
在步骤303中，终端根据信道检测指示信息，确定进行信道检测的目标波束。
在步骤304中，终端确定目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
在步骤305中，终端按照目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
在步骤306中，当目标波束对应的信道空闲时，终端通过该目标波束对应的信道向基站发送信息。
对于图3实施例中未详细说明的细节，可参见上述图2实施例。
综上所述，本公开实施例提供的技术方案中，提供了一种在非授权频谱场景下，基于波束的信道检测方案，针对不同波束对应的信道，其信道检测机制各自独立确定，并对各个波束对应的信道分别进行信道检测，使得信道检测结果更加准确，更有益于基于波束的发送和接收。
需要说明的一点是，在上述图3实施例中，仅从基站和终端交互的角度对本公开技术方案进行介绍说明，上述有关基站执行的步骤可以单独实现成为基站侧的非授权频谱上的信道检测方法，上述有关终端执行的步骤可以单独实现成为终端侧的非授权频谱上的信道检测方法。
下述为本公开装置实施例，可以用于执行本公开方法实施例。对于本公开装置实施例中未披露的细节，请参照本公开方法实施例。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置的框图。该装置具有实现上述方法示例的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该装置可应用于上文介绍的基站或终端中。如图4所示，该装置400可以包括：第一确定模块401和检测模块402。
第一确定模块401，被配置为对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数。
检测模块402，被配置为按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
综上所述，本公开实施例提供的技术方案中，提供了一种在非授权频谱场景下，基于波束的信道检测方案，针对不同波束对应的信道，其信道检测机制各自独立确定，并对各个波束对应的信道分别进行信道检测，使得信道检测结果更加准确，更有益于基于波束的发送和接收。
在基于图4实施例提供的一个可选实施例中，所述第一确定模块401，被配置为：根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
在基于图4实施例或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，如图5所示，所述装置400还包括：第二确定模块403；
所述第二确定模块403，被配置为确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；
所述检测模块402，还被配置为根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
可选地，所述第二确定模块403，被配置为根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
在基于图4实施例或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，如图5所示，所述装置400还包括：第三确定模块404；
所述第三确定模块404，被配置为确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
所述检测模块402，还被配置为在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
在基于图4实施例或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
在基于图4实施例或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，如图5所示，所述装置400还包括：第四确定模块405和更新模块406；
所述第四确定模块405，被配置为当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
所述更新模块406，被配置为根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
在基于图4实施例提供或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述装置还包括：接收模块(图中未示出)和第五确定模块(图中未示出)；
所述接收模块，被配置为接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；
所述第五确定模块，被配置为根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定需要进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
在基于图4实施例或者上述任一可选实施例提供的另一个可选实施例中，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述装置还包括第五确定模块，被配置为：
将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；
或者，
将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
本公开一示例性实施例还提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置，该装置可应用于上文介绍的基站或终端中，能够实现本公开提供的非授权频谱上的信道检测方法。该装置可以包括：处理器，以及用于存储处理器的可执行指令的存储器。其中，处理器被配置为：
对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所 述n为大于1的整数；
按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
可选地，所述处理器被配置为：根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
可选地，所述处理器还被配置为：确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
可选地，所述处理器被配置为：根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
可选地，所述处理器还被配置为：确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
可选地，所述处理器还被配置为：当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
可选地，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述处理器还被配置为：接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定需要进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
可选地，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述处理器还被配置为：将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；或者，将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
本公开一示例性实施例还提供了一种非授权频谱上的信道检测系统，该系统可以包括上文介绍的基站和终端。
上述主要从基站和终端的角度，对本公开实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，基站和终端为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。结合本公开中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本公开实施例能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同的方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本公开实施例的技术方案的范围。
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种基站的结构示意图。
基站600包括发射器/接收器601和处理器602。其中，处理器602也可以为控制器，图6中表示为“控制器/处理器602”。所述发射器/接收器601用于支持基站与上述实施例中的所述终端之间收发信息，以及支持所述基站与其它网络实体之间进行通信。所述处理器602执行各种用于与终端通信的功能。在上行链路，来自所述终端的上行链路信号经由天线接收，由接收器601进行解调(例如将高频信号解调为基带信号)，并进一步由处理器602进行处理来恢复终端所发送到业务数据和信令信息。在下行链路上，业务数据和信令消息由处理器602进行处理，并由发射器601进行调制(例如将基带信号调制为高频信号)来产生下行链路信号，并经由天线发射给终端。需要说明的是，上述解调或调制的功能也可以由处理器602完成。例如，处理器602还用于执行上述方法实施例中基站侧的各个步骤，和/或本公开实施例所描述的技术方案的其它步骤。
进一步的，基站600还可以包括存储器603，存储器603用于存储基站600的程序代码和数据。此外，基站还可以包括通信单元604。通信单元604用于支持基站与其它网络实体(例如核心网中的网络设备等)进行通信。例如，在5G NR系统中，该通信单元604可以是NG-U接口，用于支持基站与UPF(User Plane Function，用户平面功能)实体进行通信；或者，该通信单元604也可以是NG-C接口，用于支持接入AMF(Access and Mobility Management Function接入和移动性管理功能)实体进行通信。
可以理解的是，图6仅仅示出了基站600的简化设计。在实际应用中，基站600可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器，控制器，存储器，通信 单元等，而所有可以实现本公开实施例的基站都在本公开实施例的保护范围之内。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种终端的结构示意图。
所述终端700包括发射器701，接收器702和处理器703。其中，处理器703也可以为控制器，图7中表示为“控制器/处理器703”。可选的，所述终端700还可以包括调制解调处理器705，其中，调制解调处理器705可以包括编码器706、调制器707、解码器708和解调器709。
在一个示例中，发射器701调节(例如，模拟转换、滤波、放大和上变频等)该输出采样并生成上行链路信号，该上行链路信号经由天线发射给基站。在下行链路上，天线接收基站发射的下行链路信号。接收器702调节(例如，滤波、放大、下变频以及数字化等)从天线接收的信号并提供输入采样。在调制解调处理器705中，编码器706接收要在上行链路上发送的业务数据和信令消息，并对业务数据和信令消息进行处理(例如，格式化、编码和交织)。调制器707进一步处理(例如，符号映射和调制)编码后的业务数据和信令消息并提供输出采样。解调器709处理(例如，解调)该输入采样并提供符号估计。解码器708处理(例如，解交织和解码)该符号估计并提供发送给终端700的已解码的数据和信令消息。编码器706、调制器707、解调器709和解码器708可以由合成的调制解调处理器705来实现。这些单元根据无线接入网采用的无线接入技术(例如，5G NR及其他演进系统的接入技术)来进行处理。需要说明的是，当终端700不包括调制解调处理器705时，调制解调处理器705的上述功能也可以由处理器703完成。
处理器703对终端700的动作进行控制管理，用于执行上述本公开实施例中由终端700进行的处理过程。例如，处理器703还用于执行上述方法实施例中的终端侧的各个步骤，和/或本公开实施例所描述的技术方案的其它步骤。
进一步的，终端700还可以包括存储器704，存储器704用于存储用于终端700的程序代码和数据。
可以理解的是，图7仅仅示出了终端700的简化设计。在实际应用中，终端700可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器，调制解调处理器，存储器等，而所有可以实现本公开实施例的终端都在本公开实施例的保护范围之内。
本公开实施例还提供了一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被设备的处理器执行时实现上述非授权频谱上的信道检测方法的步骤。
应当理解的是，在本文中提及的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本公开旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种非授权频谱上的信道检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
    按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，包括：
    根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；
    根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，包括：
    根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
    在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
    根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述方法应用于终端时，所述方法还包括：
    接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；
    根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定需要进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述方法应用于终端时，所述方法还包括：
    将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；
    或者，
    将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
  10. 一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    第一确定模块，被配置为对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
    检测模块，被配置为按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一确定模块，被配置为根据将要占用所述目标波束对应的信道进行传输的信息，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：第二确定模块；
    所述第二确定模块，被配置为确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序；
    所述检测模块，还被配置为根据所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序，逐个检测所述n个波束对应的信道是否空闲；其中，所述n个波束中需要进行信道检测的波束为所述目标波束。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二确定模块，被配置为根据所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道将要传输的信息的优先级，确定所述n个波束对应的信道检测顺序。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：第三确定模块；
    所述第三确定模块，被配置为确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测时间要求，所述信道检测时间要求包括以下一项或多项的组合：检测起始时刻、检测时长、检测结束时刻；
    所述检测模块，还被配置为在满足所述信道检测时间要求的时段内，执行所述按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲的步骤。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述n个波束中每个波束对应的信道检测能量阈值各自独立确定。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：第四确定模块和更新模块；
    所述第四确定模块，被配置为当所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制为LBT Cat.4机制时，确定所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例；
    所述更新模块，被配置为根据所述目标波束对应的HARQ-NACK值的比例，更新所述目标波束对应的CWS值。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述装置应用于终端时， 所述装置还包括：接收模块和第五确定模块；
    所述接收模块，被配置为接收基站发送的信道检测指示信息，所述信道检测指示信息用于指示检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲；
    所述第五确定模块，被配置为根据所述信道检测指示信息，确定进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述装置应用于终端时，所述装置还包括：第五确定模块，被配置为：
    将最近接收到的信息所使用的接收波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束；
    或者，
    将最近发送的信息所使用的发送波束，确定为进行信道检测的所述目标波束。
  19. 一种非授权频谱上的信道检测装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理器；
    用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为：
    对于n个波束中的目标波束，确定所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，所述n为大于1的整数；
    按照所述目标波束对应的信道检测机制，检测所述目标波束对应的信道是否空闲。
  20. 一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至9任一项所述方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2018/111733 2018-10-24 2018-10-24 非授权频谱上的信道检测方法、装置和存储介质 Ceased WO2020082276A1 (zh)

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