WO2020080914A1 - Procédé et appareil permettant de sélectionner une ressource relative à une communication de liaison latérale sur la base des informations de commande de liaison latérale dans nr v2x - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil permettant de sélectionner une ressource relative à une communication de liaison latérale sur la base des informations de commande de liaison latérale dans nr v2x Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020080914A1
WO2020080914A1 PCT/KR2019/013841 KR2019013841W WO2020080914A1 WO 2020080914 A1 WO2020080914 A1 WO 2020080914A1 KR 2019013841 W KR2019013841 W KR 2019013841W WO 2020080914 A1 WO2020080914 A1 WO 2020080914A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resource
communication
information
sidelink
unit
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PCT/KR2019/013841
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English (en)
Inventor
Sunghoon Jung
Jinwoo Kim
Hanbyul Seo
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Lg Electronics Inc.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.
  • a 5G communication system or pre-5G communication system is referred to as a beyond-4G-network communication system or post-long-term evolution (LTE) system.
  • the UE may interfere with another sidelink communication for another UEs.
  • the UE may perform sidelink communication using resources adjacent to a resource used for another sidelink communication between another UEs in frequency domain.
  • spectrum emission mask applied for transmission power is not ideal and therefore any transmission for the sidelink communication incurs non-trivial amount of emission of transmission power outside the intended resource range in frequency domain. Therefore, even if the resource used for another sidelink communication between another UEs is orthogonal to the resources adjacent to the resource in frequency domain, any transmission using the resources adjacent to the resource may cause interference with another sidelink communication between another UEs.
  • One embodiment provides a method for selecting a resource related to communication by a first apparatus (100).
  • the method may comprise: receiving a first information from a second apparatus; receiving a second information from a third apparatus; determining an interference level to communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information; selecting a resource related to communication based on the interference level; and performing communication with a fourth apparatus based on the resource related to communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) may comprise: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: receiving a first information from a second apparatus; receiving a second information from a third apparatus; determining an interference level to communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information; selecting a resource related to communication based on the interference level; and performing communication with a fourth apparatus based on the resource related to communication.
  • a sidelink communication can be performed efficiently between apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture of a user plane of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol architecture of a control plane of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a structure of an NR system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structure of a radio frame of an NR, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 shows a protocol stack for a sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a protocol stack for a sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 shows an apparatus performing V2X or sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of configuration of a resource unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 shows UE operations according to a transmission mode (TM) being related to sidelink/V2X communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • TM transmission mode
  • FIG. 13 shows an example where a transmission resource to which an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example for communication pairs affecting potential mutual interference.
  • FIG. 15 shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to sidelink communication based on the sidelink control information, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16(a) shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to sidelink communication in consideration of potential interference to other (scheduled) sidelink communication, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • FIG. 17(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 1, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • FIG. 18(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 2, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • FIG. 19(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 3, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • FIG. 20(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 4, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • FIG. 21 shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to sidelink communication by a first apparatus (100), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 22 shows a communication system 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 23 shows wireless devices, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 24 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 25 shows another example of a wireless device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 26 shows a hand-held device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 27 shows a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 28 shows a vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 29 shows an XR device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 30 shows a robot, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 31 shows an AI device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the term “/” and “,” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A/B” may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A, B may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A/B/C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • A, B, C may mean “at least one of A, B, and/or C.”
  • the term “or” should be interpreted to indicate “and/or.”
  • the expression “A or B” may comprise 1) only A, 2) only B, and/or 3) both A and B.
  • the term “or” in this document should be interpreted to indicate "additionally or alternatively.”
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • the CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000.
  • UTRA universal terrestrial radio access
  • the TDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet ratio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE).
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet ratio service
  • EDGE enhanced data rate for GSM evolution
  • the OFDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), and so on.
  • IEEE 802.16m is an evolved version of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with a system based on the IEEE 802.16e.
  • the UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS).
  • 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using the E-UTRA.
  • the 3GPP LTE uses the OFDMA in a downlink and uses the SC-FDMA in an uplink.
  • LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of the LTE.
  • 5G NR is a successive technology of LTE-A corresponding to a new Clean-slate type mobile communication system having the characteristics of high performance, low latency, high availability, and so on.
  • 5G NR may use resources of all spectrum available for usage including low frequency bands of less than 1GHz, middle frequency bands ranging from 1GHz to 10GHz, high frequency (millimeter waves) of 24GHz or more, and so on.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. This may also be referred to as an Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), or a Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-A system.
  • E-UTRAN Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • the E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) (20), which provides a control plane and a user plane to a user equipment (UE) (10).
  • the UE (10) may be fixed or mobile and may also be referred to by using different terms, such as Mobile Station (MS), User Terminal (UT), Subscriber Station (SS), Mobile Terminal (MT), wireless device, and so on.
  • the BS (20) refers to a fixed station that communicated with the UE (10) and may also be referred to by using different terms, such as evolved-NodeB (eNB), Base Transceiver System (BTS), Access Point (AP), and so on.
  • eNB evolved-NodeB
  • BTS Base Transceiver System
  • AP Access Point
  • the BSs (20) are interconnected to one another through an X2 interface.
  • the BSs (20) are connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) (30) through an S1 interface.
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • the BS (20) are connected to a Mobility Management Entity (MME) through an S1-MME interface and connected to Serving Gateway (S-GW) through an S1-U interface.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving Gateway
  • the EPC (30) is configured of an MME, an S-GW, and a Packet Data Network-Gateway (P-GW).
  • the MME has UE access information or UE capability information, and such information may be primarily used in UE mobility management.
  • the S-GW corresponds to a gateway having an E-UTRAN as its endpoint.
  • the P-GW corresponds to a gateway having a PDN as its endpoint.
  • Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network may be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the lower three layers of an open system interconnection (OSI) model, which is well-known in the communication system.
  • OSI open system interconnection
  • a physical layer belonging to the first layer provides a physical channel using an Information Transfer Service, and a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, which is located in the third layer, executes a function of controlling radio resources between the UE and the network.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS.
  • FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture of a user plane of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 shows a radio protocol architecture of a control plane of an LTE system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the user plane corresponds to a protocol stack for user data transmission
  • the control plane corresponds to a protocol stack for control signal transmission.
  • a physical (PHY) layer belongs to the L1.
  • a physical (PHY) layer provides an information transfer service to a higher layer through a physical channel.
  • the PHY layer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer.
  • Data is transferred (or transported) between the MAC layer and the PHY layer through a transport channel.
  • the transport channel is sorted (or categorized) depending upon how and according to which characteristics data is being transferred through the radio interface.
  • the physical channel may be modulated by using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and uses time and frequency as radio resource.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the MAC layer provides services to a radio link control (RLC) layer, which is a higher layer of the MAC layer, via a logical channel.
  • RLC radio link control
  • the MAC layer provides a function of mapping multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels.
  • the MAC layer also provides a function of logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel.
  • the MAC layer provides data transfer services over logical channels.
  • the RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDU.
  • QoS quality of service
  • RB radio bearer
  • the RLC layer provides three types of operation modes, i.e., a transparent mode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (AM).
  • TM transparent mode
  • UM unacknowledged mode
  • AM acknowledged mode
  • An AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request (ARQ).
  • the radio resource control (RRC) layer is defined only in a control plane. And, the RRC layer performs a function of controlling logical channel, transport channels, and physical channels in relation with configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers.
  • the RB refers to a logical path being provided by the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layer (MAC layer, RLC layer, and PDCP layer) in order to transport data between the UE and the network.
  • Functions of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane include transfer, header compression, and ciphering of user data.
  • Functions of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane include transfer and ciphering/integrity protection of control plane data.
  • the configuration of the RB refers to a process for specifying a radio protocol layer and channel properties in order to provide a particular service and for determining respective detailed parameters and operation methods.
  • the RB may then be classified into two types, i.e., a signalling radio bearer (SRB) and a data radio bearer (DRB).
  • SRB is used as a path for transmitting an RRC message in the control plane
  • DRB is used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.
  • an RRC_CONNECTED state When an RRC connection is established between an RRC layer of the UE and an RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state, and, otherwise, the UE may be in a RRC_IDLE state.
  • an RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a UE being in the RRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with a core network whereas its connection with the BS is released.
  • Downlink transport channels transmitting (or transporting) data from a network to a UE include a Broadcast Channel (BCH) transmitting system information and a downlink Shared Channel (SCH) transmitting other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted via the downlink SCH or may be transmitted via a separate downlink Multicast Channel (MCH).
  • uplink transport channels transmitting (or transporting) data from a UE to a network include a Random Access Channel (RACH) transmitting initial control messages and an uplink Shared Channel (SCH) transmitting other user traffic or control messages.
  • RACH Random Access Channel
  • SCH uplink Shared Channel
  • Logical channels existing at a higher level than the transmission channel and being mapped to the transmission channel may include a Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), a Paging Control Channel (PCCH), a Common Control Channel (CCCH), a Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), a Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH), and so on.
  • BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
  • PCCH Paging Control Channel
  • CCCH Common Control Channel
  • MCCH Multicast Control Channel
  • MTCH Multicast Traffic Channel
  • a physical channel is configured of a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain and a plurality of sub-carriers in the frequency domain.
  • One subframe is configured of a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain.
  • a resource block is configured of a plurality of OFDM symbols and a plurality of sub-carriers in resource allocation units. Additionally, each subframe may use specific sub-carriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g., first OFDM symbol) of the corresponding subframe for a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), i.e., L1/L2 control channels.
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) refers to a unit time of a subframe transmission.
  • FIG. 4 shows a structure of an NR system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an NG-RAN may include a gNB and/or eNB providing a user plane and control plane protocol termination to a user.
  • FIG. 4 shows a case where the NG-RAN includes only the gNB.
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected to one another via Xn interface.
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected to one another via 5th Generation (5G) Core Network (5GC) and NG interface.
  • 5G 5th Generation
  • 5GC 5th Generation
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) via NG-C interface
  • the gNB and the eNB are connected to a user plane function (UPF) via NG-U interface.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • FIG. 5 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the gNB may provide functions, such as Inter Cell Radio Resource Management (RRM), Radio Bearer (RB) control, Connection Mobility Control, Radio Admission Control, Measurement Configuration & Provision, Dynamic Resource Allocation, and so on.
  • RRM Inter Cell Radio Resource Management
  • RB Radio Bearer
  • An AMF may provide functions, such as NAS security, idle state mobility processing, and so on.
  • a UPF may provide functions, such as Mobility Anchoring, PDU processing, and so on.
  • a Session Management Function may provide functions, such as UE IP address allocation, PDU session control, and so on.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structure of a radio frame of an NR, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a radio frame may be used for performing uplink and downlink transmission.
  • a radio frame has a length of 10ms and may be defined to be configured of two half-frames (HFs).
  • a half-frame may include five 1ms subframes (SFs).
  • a subframe (SF) may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined in accordance with subcarrier spacing (SCS).
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • Each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • each slot may include 14 symbols.
  • each slot may include 12 symbols.
  • a symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) and an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).
  • Table 1 shown below represents an example of a number of symbols per slot (N slot symb ), a number slots per frame (N frame,u slot ), and a number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) in accordance with an SCS configuration (u), in a case where a normal CP is used.
  • Table 2 shows an example of a number of symbols per slot, a number of slots per frame, and a number of slots per subframe in accordance with the SCS, in a case where an extended CP is used.
  • OFDM(A) numerologies e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on
  • a (absolute time) duration (or section) of a time resource e.g., subframe, slot or TTI
  • TU time unit
  • FIG. 7 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a slot includes a plurality of symbols in a time domain.
  • one slot may include 14 symbols.
  • one slot may include 12 symbols.
  • one slot may include 7 symbols.
  • one slot may include 6 symbols.
  • a carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain.
  • a Resource Block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain.
  • a Bandwidth Part (BWP) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (P)RBs in the frequency domain, and the BWP may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on).
  • a carrier may include a maximum of N number BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication may be performed via an activated BWP.
  • Each element may be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) within a resource grid and one complex symbol may be mapped to each element.
  • RE Resource Element
  • V2X or sidelink communication will be described in detail.
  • FIG. 8 shows a protocol stack for a sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. More specifically, (a) of FIG. 8 shows a user plane protocol stack of LTE, and (b) of FIG. 8 shows a control plane protocol stack of LTE.
  • FIG. 9 shows a protocol stack for a sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. More specifically, (a) of FIG. 9 shows a user plane protocol stack of NR, and (b) of FIG. 9 shows a control plane protocol stack of NR.
  • SLSS Sidelink Synchronization Signal
  • SLSS corresponds to a sidelink specific sequence, which may include a Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (PSSS) and a Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SSSS).
  • PSSS Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
  • SSSS Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
  • S-PSS Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal
  • S-SSS Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel may correspond to a (broadcast) channel through which basic (system) information that should first be known by the UE before transmitting and receiving sidelink signals.
  • the basic information may correspond to information related to SLSS, a Duplex mode (DM), TDD UL/DL configuration, information related to a resource pool, application types related to SLSS, a subframe offset, broadcast information, and so on.
  • the S-PSS, the S-SSS, and the PSBCH may be included in a block format (e.g., a sidelink SS/PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB).
  • the S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH)/Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) within the carrier, and a transmission bandwidth may exist within a (pre-)configured SL BWP. And, a frequency position of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the UE is not required to perform a hypothesis detection in order to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.
  • PSCCH Physical Sidelink Control Channel
  • PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
  • Each SLSS may have a physical layer sidelink synchronization identity (ID), and the respective value may be equal to any one value ranging from 0 to 335.
  • ID physical layer sidelink synchronization identity
  • a synchronization source may also be identified.
  • values of 0, 168, 169 may indicate global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)
  • values from 1 to 167 may indicate BSs
  • values from 170 to 335 may indicate that the source is outside of the coverage.
  • values 0 to 167 may correspond to value being used by a network
  • values from 168 to 335 may correspond to value being used outside of the network coverage.
  • FIG. 10 shows an apparatus performing V2X or sidelink communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus may refer to a UE.
  • a network equipment such as a BS
  • the BS may also be viewed as a type of the UE.
  • UE1 may select a resource unit corresponding to a specific resource within a resource pool, which refers to a set of resources, and UE1 may then be operated so as to transmit a sidelink signal by using the corresponding resource unit.
  • UE2, which corresponds to a receiving UE, may be configured with a resource pool to which UE1 can transmit signals, and may then detect signals of UE1 from the corresponding resource pool.
  • the BS may notify the resource pool.
  • another UE may notify the resource pool or a pre-determined resource may be used.
  • a resource pool may be configured in a plurality of resource units, and each UE may select one resource unit or a plurality of resource units and may use the selected resource unit(s) for its sidelink signal transmission.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of configuration of a resource unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the total frequency resources of the resource pool may be divided into NF number of resource units, the total time resources of the resource pool may be divided into NT number of resource units. Therefore, a total of NF * NT number of resource units may be defined in the resource pool.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a case where the corresponding resource pool is repeated at a cycle of NT number of subframes.
  • one resource unit (e.g., Unit #0) may be periodically and repeatedly indicated.
  • an index of a physical resource unit to which a logical resource unit is mapped may be changed to a pre-determined pattern in accordance with time.
  • the resource pool may refer to a set of resource units that can be used for a transmission that is performed by a UE, which intends to transmit sidelink signals.
  • the resource pool may be segmented to multiple types. For example, depending upon the content of a sidelink signal being transmitted from each resource pool, the resource pool may be divided as described below.
  • SA Scheduling Assignment
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • TA Timing Advance
  • the SA may also be multiplexed with sidelink data within the same resource unit and may then be transmitted, and, in this case, an SA resource pool may refer to a resource pool in which the SA is multiplexed with the sidelink data and then transmitted.
  • the SA may also be referred to as a sidelink control channel.
  • a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel may correspond to a resource pool that is used by a transmitting UE for transmitting user data. If the SA is multiplexed with sidelink data within the same resource unit and then transmitted, only a sidelink data channel excluding the SA information may be transmitted from the resource pool that is configured for the sidelink data channel. In other words, REs that were used for transmitting SA information within a separate resource unit of the SA resource pool may still be used for transmitting sidelink data from the resource pool of a sidelink data channel.
  • a discovery channel may correspond to a resource pool that is used by the transmitting UE for transmitting information, such as its own ID. By doing so, the transmitting UE may allow a neighbouring UE to discover the transmitting UE.
  • the resource pool may be identified as a different resource pool depending upon a transmission timing decision method (e.g., whether the transmission is performed at a reception point of the synchronization reference signal or whether transmission is performed at the reception point by applying a consistent timing advance), a resource allocation method (e.g., whether the BS designates a transmission resource of a separate signal to a separate transmitting UE or whether a separate transmitting UE selects a separate signal transmission resource on its own from the resource pool), and a signal format (e.g., a number of symbols occupied by each sidelink signal within a subframe or a number of subframes being used for the transmission of one sidelink signal) of the sidelink signal, signal intensity from the BS, a transmitting power intensity (or level) of a sidelink UE, and so
  • a transmission timing decision method e.g., whether the transmission is performed at a reception point of the synchronization reference signal or whether transmission is performed at the reception point by applying a consistent timing advance
  • a resource allocation method
  • FIG. 12 shows UE operations according to a transmission mode (TM) being related to sidelink/V2X communication, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • TM transmission mode
  • FIG. 12 shows UE operations being related to transmission mode 1 or transmission mode 3
  • (b) of FIG. 12 shows UE operations being related to transmission mode 2 or transmission mode 4.
  • the BS performs resource scheduling to UE1 via PDCCH (more specifically, DCI), and UE1 performs sidelink/V2X communication with UE2 according to the corresponding resource scheduling.
  • PDCCH more specifically, DCI
  • UE1 performs sidelink/V2X communication with UE2 according to the corresponding resource scheduling.
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • transmission mode 1 may be applied to a general sidelink communication
  • transmission mode 3 may be applied to a V2X sidelink communication.
  • transmission modes 2/4 the UE may schedule resources on its own. More specifically, in case of LTE sidelink, transmission mode 2 may be applied to a general sidelink communication, and the UE may select a resource from a predetermined resource pool on its own and may then perform sidelink operations. Transmission mode 4 may be applied to a V2X sidelink communication, and the UE may carry out a sensing/SA decoding procedure, and so on, and select a resource within a selection window on its own and may then perform V2X sidelink operations. After transmitting the SCI to UE2 via PSCCH, UE1 may transmit SCI-based data via PSSCH.
  • the transmission mode may be abbreviated to mode.
  • the BS may schedule sidelink resources that are to be used for sidelink transmission.
  • the user equipment UE
  • the user equipment may determine a sidelink transmission resource from sidelink resources that are configured by the BS/network or predetermined sidelink resources.
  • the configured sidelink resources or the pre-determined sidelink resources may correspond to a resource pool.
  • the UE may autonomously select a sidelink resource for transmission.
  • the UE may assist (or help) sidelink resource selection of another UE.
  • the UE may be configured with an NR configured grant for sidelink transmission.
  • the UE may schedule sidelink transmission of another UE.
  • mode 2 may at least support reservation of sidelink resources for blind retransmission.
  • the sensing procedure may be defined as a process decoding the SCI from another UE and/or sidelink measurement.
  • the decoding of the SCI in the sensing procedure may at least provide information on a sidelink resource that is being indicated by a UE transmitting the SCI.
  • the sensing procedure may use L1 SL RSRP measurement, which is based on SL DMRS.
  • the resource (re-)selection procedure may use a result of the sensing procedure in order to determine the resource for the sidelink transmission.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example where a transmission resource to which an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the UE may identify transmission resources reserved by another UE or resources being used by another UE via sensing within a sensing window, and, after excluding the identified resources from a selection window, the UE may randomly select a resource from resources having low interference among the remaining resources.
  • the UE may decode the PSCCH including information on the cycles of the reserved resources, and, then, the UE may measure a PSSCH RSRP from resources that are periodically determined based on the PSCCH. The UE may exclude resources having the PSSCH RSRP that exceed a threshold value from the selection window. Thereafter, the UE may randomly select a sidelink resource from the remaining resources within the selection window.
  • the UE may measure a Received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the periodic resources within the sensing window and may then determine the resources having low interference (e.g., the lower 20% of the resources). Additionally, the UE may also randomly select a sidelink resource from the resources included in the selection window among the periodic resources. For example, in case the UE fails to perform decoding of the PSCCH, the UE may use the above described methods.
  • RSSI Received signal strength indication
  • inter-UE service such as inter-UE data transfer
  • This disclosure allows inter-UE services to be under the fine control that includes a selection of controlling node in charge of configuring the UEs for the inter-UE service as well as selection of the link/interface to be used for the concerned inter-UE services. Further, this disclosure allows the UE to report cast type of each destination.
  • the inter-UE may be referred to as sidelink
  • a remote UE may be referred to as a first UE or transmitting UE
  • a host UE may be referred to as a second UE or receiving UE.
  • the proposed below procedure involving inter-UE messaging protocol can be realized as direct RRC protocol.
  • This realization requires introduction of the inter-UE messages in RRC specification. If these direct RRC message are generated, the UE delivers the RRC messages to the PDCP entity applicable for or dedicated to the control plane of direct communication such that such direct RRC message is prioritized over other sidelink data transmission.
  • the procedure (messaging protocol) proposed below can be realized as peer UE-to-peer UE PC5 signalling protocol defined at NAS layer.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example for communication pairs affecting potential mutual interference.
  • UE1 transmits data to UE2 using RB#1 at slot t.
  • UE3 transmits data to UE4 using resources that are adjacent to RB#1 in frequency domain. If transmission power of UE1 is strictly confined within RB#1 without generating any emission to adjacent frequency resources such as RB#2 and RB#3, the transmission of UE1 does not incur any interference to the communication between UE3 and UE4. Similarly, if transmission power of UE3 is strictly confined within its intended transmission resource range in frequency domain, the transmission of UE3 does not cause any interference to the communication between UE1 and UE2.
  • FIG. 15 shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to sidelink communication based on the sidelink control information, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • UE3 just for convenience, the operation of UE3 is focused, where UE1 intends to communicate with or transmit to UE2, and UE3 intends to communicate with or transmit to UE4. From UE3 perspective, UE4 is its intended receiver, but UE2 is unintended receiver..
  • UE1 may transmit first signal or first sidelink control information to UE2.
  • UE2 may transmit second signal or second sidelink control information to UE1.
  • the signal/sidelink control information may include at least one of information related to sidelink scheduling that may indicate time and/or frequency domain resource location, information related to location of UE (transmitter location (UE1 location) and/or receiver location(UE2 location)) related to the sidelink grant, information on transmit power strength of the signal/sidelink control information transmitted by UE2, information related to received signal/power strength of the signal/sidelink control information transmitted by UE1, information related to link between UEs or sidelink scheduling grant.
  • the information related to location of UE may include at least one of zone ID or GPS coordinate or low granularity GPS coordinate information.
  • the information related to sidelink scheduling may include at least one of layer-1 ID or layer-2 ID.
  • UE3 may receive the first signal/sidelink control information and/or the second signal/sidelink control information from UE1 and/or UE2.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information. For instance, UE3 may identify scheduling for the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the first signal/sidelink control information and/or the second signal/sidelink control information. For instance, UE3 may identify frequency domain resources and/or time domain resources of the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the first signal/sidelink control information and/or the second signal/sidelink control information.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference impact from UE3 to the unintended receiver (e.g., UE2) of the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the first signal/sidelink control information and/or the second signal/sidelink control information. And, UE3 select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 considering the potential interference impact.
  • the unintended receiver e.g., UE2
  • UE3 select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 considering the potential interference impact.
  • UE3 may perform the sidelink communication for UE4 using the selected resource. For instance, UE3 may transmit sidelink information to UE4 using the selected resource.
  • the sidelink information may include sidelink control information and/or sidelink data.
  • the sidelink information may be referred to as the sidelink transmission or the sidelink reception.
  • the number of receivers of UE3 transmission may be larger than one.
  • the number of receivers of UE1 transmission may larger than one.
  • FIG. 16(a) shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to sidelink communication in consideration of potential interference to other (scheduled) sidelink communication, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • UE1 may transmit first sidelink control information to UE2.
  • UE2 may transmit second sidelink control information to UE1.
  • the sidelink control information may include at least one of information related to sidelink scheduling, information related to location of UE, information related to power strength, information related to signal strength, information related to link between UEs or sidelink scheduling grant.
  • the information related to location of UE may include at least one of zone ID or GPS coordinate.
  • the information related to sidelink scheduling may include at least one of layer-1 ID or layer-2 ID.
  • UE3 may receive the first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information from UE1 and/or UE2. For instance, UE3 may receive sidelink signal or sidelink control information from the receiver (e.g., UE2) of another (e.g., scheduled) sidelink communication. For instance, UE3 may identify the scheduling associated with sidelink information of other UE. For instance, UE3 may identify the scheduling for sidelink transmission of other UE. For instance, UE3 may identify resources associated with scheduled sidelink transmissions. UE3 may identify transmission resources of scheduled sidelink transmissions. For instance, UE3 may identify the scheduling of other UE's sidelink transmission by sensing/receiving sidelink control information or reservation sequence sent by other UE.
  • sidelink signal or sidelink control information from the receiver (e.g., UE2) of another (e.g., scheduled) sidelink communication.
  • UE3 may identify the scheduling associated with sidelink information of other UE.
  • UE3 may identify the scheduling for sidelink transmission of other UE
  • UE3 may identify scheduling for the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information. For instance, UE3 may identify frequency domain resources and/or time domain resources of the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information. Referring to FIG. 16(b), for instance, UE may identify resource k of the sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information.
  • UE2 may measure the received power/signal strength for the sidelink transmission and UE2 may send/announce/respond the measurement results to inform other nearby UEs.
  • the measurement results may be included in the sidelink control information.
  • the measurement results may be included in the sidelink data.
  • UE2 may identify the distance between UE1 and UE2 and UE2 and UE2 may send/announce/respond the distance information to inform other nearby UEs.
  • the distance information may be included in the sidelink control information.
  • the distance information may be included in the sidelink data.
  • UE3 may identify the receiver of the other (e.g., scheduled) sidelink communication, where the receiver UE (e.g., UE2) may be identified as layer-1 ID or layer-2 ID included in the sidelink scheduling information. For instance, the step S1520 may be omitted.
  • the receiver UE e.g., UE2
  • the step S1520 may be omitted.
  • UE3 may evaluate interference impact from UE3 to UE2. For instance, UE3 may evaluate the potential interference impact from UE3 to the receiver of the scheduled sidelink transmission with respect to the transmission resources to be selected by UE3. For instance, UE3 may determine the potential interference impact caused by using resources that are adjacent to the identified scheduled transmission resources in frequency domain. Referring to FIG. 16(b), for instance, UE3 may determine the potential interference impact caused by using resource j and/or resource k that are adjacent to the identified scheduled transmission resource k in frequency domain.
  • the evaluation methodologies are described in detail below.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the first sidelink control information and/or the second sidelink control information. For instance, UE3 may consider the evaluation results on the potential interference impact from UE3 to the receiver (e.g., UE2) of the identified scheduled sidelink transmission. For instance, UE3 may de-prioritize the resources if transmission using the resources may cause interference to the receiver of the identified scheduled sidelink transmission beyond threshold. A resource that is expected to cause higher interference is more de-prioritized than a resource that is expected to cause relatively lower interference.
  • the threshold for deciding the severity of interference impact may be a single threshold may be configured to distinguish two states, ⁇ severe, not severe ⁇ . For instance, multiple thresholds may be configured to distinguish several level of severity.
  • the selected resource may be not adjacent to the resource that is used by the identified scheduled transmission, in case UE3 determined that using adjacent resource for its transmission does cause interference higher than some threshold to the receiver (e.g., UE2) of the identified scheduled sidelink transmission.
  • the selected resource may be adjacent to the resource that is used by the identified scheduled transmission, in case the UE3 determined that using adjacent resource for its transmission does not cause interference higher than some threshold to the receiver of the identified scheduled SL transmission.
  • UE3 may determine that using adjacent resource for its transmission does cause interference to the UE2 higher than the threshold.
  • UE3 may select resource not adjacent to the resource that is used by sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the determination.
  • UE3 may determine that using adjacent resource for its transmission does cause interference to the UE2 lower than the threshold. UE3 may select resource adjacent to the resource that is used by sidelink communication between UE1 and UE2 based on the determination.
  • the evaluation methodologies are described in detail below.
  • UE3 may perform the sidelink communication for UE4 using the selected resource. For instance, UE3 may transmit sidelink information to UE4 using the selected resource.
  • the sidelink information may include sidelink control information and/or sidelink data.
  • UE3 may apply the above behaviours (resource selection in consideration of in-band emission) if the UE1's scheduled transmission is high priority transmission. If the UE1's scheduled transmission is not high priority transmission, the UE3 may not apply the above behaviour. There may be various embodiments on criteria regarding in which condition UE3 considers that the UE1's scheduled transmission is high priority transmission.
  • UE3 may select resources related to sidelink communication in consideration of potential interference to other (scheduled) sidelink communication.
  • pre-emption indication may be indicated in the UE1' scheduling information (e.g., information related to sidelink scheduling).
  • the first sidelink control information may include the UE1' scheduling information.
  • UE3 may select resources related to sidelink communication in consideration of potential interference to other (scheduled) sidelink communication.
  • priority of UE1' scheduling transmission may be indicated in the UE1's scheduling information.
  • UE3 may have information on the link quality or received signal power or path loss or geometric distance of the link between UE2 and UE3 and/or the link between UE1 and UE3 and/or the link between UE1 and UE2, UE3 may roughly estimate its relative geometry with respect to the unknown position of UE1 and UE3.
  • UE3 may obtain the information on the link between UE1 and UE3 by measuring sidelink transmission sent by UE1. For example, UE3 may receive sidelink control information including sidelink scheduling information of UE1.
  • UE3 may obtain the information on the link between UE2 and UE3 by measuring sidelink transmission sent by UE2. For example, UE3 may receive sidelink control information including sidelink scheduling grant for UE1's sidelink scheduling.
  • UE3 may be informed of information on the link between UE1 and UE2 by receiving sidelink transmission sent by UE2, where the UE2's sidelink transmission or sidelink control information includes the information on the link between UE1 and UE2.
  • the UE2 may transmit sidelink control information that includes the measured signal level of sidelink control information sent by UE1.
  • UE3 may receive the UE2's sidelink control information.
  • UE3 may be informed of the measured signal level of sidelink control information.
  • UE3 may roughly evaluate the extent of severity of interference to UE2, caused by UE3's transmits on the same/overlapping time domain (e.g., slot) as the UE1's scheduled transmission timing. For instance, using the information on the received level of signal for each link, UE3 may determine the potential interference impact to UE2.
  • time domain e.g., slot
  • FIG. 17(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 1, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • step S1710 UE1 may schedule sidelink transmission with transmission resource k to UE2.
  • UE2 may grant the sidelink transmission scheduling.
  • step S1720 UE3 may receive or listen to the sidelink scheduling of UE1 and UE scheduling grant of UE2 from UE1 and/or UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2. For instance, UE3 may use the sidelink scheduling of UE1 and/or UE scheduling grant of UE2 to evaluate the potential interference to UE2 when it selects transmission resource adjacent to resource k. For instance, UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on R(X) and R(I).
  • the R(I) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE2's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information transmitted by UE2 or UE2's response to UE1's scheduling information), measured by UE3.
  • R(I) may represent or reflect the relative distance between UE2 and UE3.
  • the R(X) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE1's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information or scheduling information), measured by UE2.
  • the value of R(X) can be included in the signal/sidelink control information transmitted by UE2.
  • UE3 can receive/overhear the signal/sidelink control information transmitted by UE and obtain the value of R(X).
  • S may be each evaluated resource that are candidate resources for transmission resources of UE3.
  • K(S) may represent or reflect the fraction of power leakage to the concerned resource k (or the resource adjacent resource to S) when UE3 uses resource S for transmission.
  • the factor K(S) may be defined with respect to transmission power.
  • K(S) increases if the resource k and the resource S is closer each other in frequency domain, and the factor K(S) decreases if the resource k and the resource S is more distant each other in frequency domain.
  • K(S) and K may be interchangeably used for notional simplicity.
  • distance metric may be used for interference estimation, instead of received signal power metric.
  • UE3 since low received power corresponds to longer distance, UE3 still may evaluate the potential interference to UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on evaluation criterion 1 as follows.
  • threshold_i threshold_j for i ⁇ j
  • UE3 may consider that the resource S causes the interference level 1 (lowest). Or, alternatively, UE3 may temporarily set the interference level of resource S to K*R(X) - threshold_1, where threshold_1 may be very large value and the interference level of S(I) may be set to a very small value (e.g., non-negative or possibly zero).
  • UE3 may consider that the resource S causes the interference level 2(second lowest). Alternatively, UE3 may temporarily set the interference level of resource S to K*R(X)-threshold_ 2(e.g., given the channel reciprocity).
  • UE3 may consider that the resource S causes the interference level N-1 (second highest interference). Or, alternatively, UE3 may temporarily set the interference level of resource S to K*R(X)-threshold_N-1.
  • UE3 may consider that the resource S causes the interference level N (highest interference). Or, alternatively, UE3 may temporarily set the interference level of resource S to K*R(X) - threshold_N, where threshold_N may be very small value (e.g., possibly zero or negative value) and interference level of S(I) may be set to a very large value.
  • threshold_N may be very small value (e.g., possibly zero or negative value) and interference level of S(I) may be set to a very large value.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the evaluated interference impact to UE2. For instance, UE3 may select its transmission resources for which the interference evaluation indicates lower interference. In case UE3 may apply resource selection based on the level of interference to UE2, UE3 may select the resource causing lowest interference. Or, UE3 may randomly select some resource among those that cause interference level lower than threshold. For instance, UE3 may further exclude the resource that causes interference higher than threshold on top of existing resource exclusion mechanism. When there are multiple unintended receivers that are interfered by the resource S, the UE consider the highest R(I) when evaluating K(S)*R(I).
  • UE3 may transmit sidelink data to UE4. For instance, based on the relative distance comparison or receiver power comparison for the link between UE1 and UE3 and the link between UE2 and UE3, UE3 may determine that the resource j and k cause low interference to UE2. UE3 may select at least one of resource j or resource k for its transmission to UE4.
  • FIG. 18(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 2, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • step S1810 UE1 may schedule sidelink transmission with transmission resource k to UE2.
  • UE2 may grant the sidelink transmission scheduling.
  • step S1820 UE3 may receive or listen to the UE scheduling grant of UE2 from UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2. For instance, UE3 may use the UE scheduling grant of UE2 to evaluate the potential interference to UE2 when it selects transmission resource adjacent to resource k. For instance, UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on R(I).
  • the R(I) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE2's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information transmitted by UE2 or UE2's response to UE1's scheduling information), measured by UE3.
  • R(I) may represent or reflect the relative distance between UE2 and UE3.
  • S may be each evaluated resource that are candidate resources for transmission resources of UE3.
  • K(S) may represent or reflect the fraction of power leakage to the concerned resource k (or the resource adjacent resource to S) when UE3 uses resource S for transmission.
  • the factor K(S) may be defined with respect to transmission power.
  • the factor K(S) increases if the resource k and the resource S is closer each other in frequency domain, and the factor K(S) decreases if the resource k and the resource S is more distant each other in frequency domain.
  • K(S) and K may be interchangeably used for notional simplicity.
  • distance metric may be used for interference estimation, instead of received signal power metric.
  • UE3 since low received power corresponds to longer distance, UE3 still may evaluate the potential interference to UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on evaluation criterion 2 as follows.
  • threshold_i threshold_j for i ⁇ j
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes interference level K.
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes acceptable interference level to untended receiver for resource k.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the evaluated interference impact to UE2. For instance, UE3 may select its transmission resources for which the interference evaluation indicates lower interference. In case UE3 may apply resource selection based on the level of interference to UE2, UE3 may select the resource causing lowest interference. Or, UE3 may randomly select some resource among those that cause interference level lower than threshold. For instance, UE3 may further exclude the resource that causes interference higher than threshold on top of existing resource exclusion mechanism.
  • the special case of this embodiment is that UE3 excludes, from the transmission resources, the reception resource of UE2 indicated by the signal/sidelink control information transmitted by the UE2.
  • UE3 may transmit sidelink data to UE4. For instance, based on the received power of UE2 sidelink transmission or based on the distance between UE2 and UE3, UE3 may determine the potential interference to UE2. For instance, if UE2 may be very close to UE3, UE3 may determine that the resource j and K cause high interference to UE2. UE3 may not select resource j or K for its transmission to UE4.
  • FIG. 19(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 3, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • step S1910 UE1 may transmit sidelink information to UE2.
  • step S1920 UE3 may receive or listen to the sidelink information of UE1 from UE1.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2. For instance, UE3 may use the sidelink information of UE1 to evaluate the potential interference to UE2 when it selects transmission resource adjacent to resource k. For instance, UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on R(Y).
  • the R(Y) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE1's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information transmitted by UE1 or UE1's scheduling information), measured by UE3.
  • R(Y) may represent or reflect the relative distance between UE1 and UE3.
  • S may be each evaluated resource that are candidate resources for transmission resources of UE3.
  • K(S) may represent or reflect the fraction of power leakage to the concerned resource k (or the resource adjacent resource to S) when UE3 uses resource S for transmission.
  • the factor K(S) may be defined with respect to transmission power.
  • the factor K(S) increases if the resource k and the resource S is closer each other in frequency domain, and the factor K(S) decreases if the resource k and the resource S is more distant each other in frequency domain.
  • K(S) and K may be interchangeably used for notional simplicity.
  • distance metric may be used for interference estimation, instead of received signal power metric.
  • UE3 since low received power corresponds to longer distance, UE3 still may evaluate the potential interference to UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on evaluation criterion 3 as follows.
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes acceptable interference (i.e. usable in terms of interference to UE2) such that UE3 may select the resource S.
  • the threshold may be different for different priority of UE3 traffic.
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes high interference (i.e. unusable in terms of interference to UE2) such that UE3 may not select the resource S.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the evaluated interference impact to UE2. For instance, UE3 may select its transmission resources for which the interference evaluation indicates lower interference. In case UE3 may apply resource selection based on the level of interference to UE2, UE3 may select the resource causing lowest interference. Or, UE3 may randomly select some resource among those that cause interference level lower than threshold. For instance, UE3 may further exclude the resource that causes interference higher than threshold on top of existing resource exclusion mechanism.
  • UE3 may transmit sidelink data to UE4. For instance, unless UE1 may be close to UE3 (or equivalently unless received power of sidelink transmission of UE1 may be high), UE3 may determine that any resource adjacent to resource k will potentially cause high interference to UE2 (e.g., in worst case). For instance, UE3 may exclude the adjacent resource for its transmission to UE4.
  • FIG. 20(a) shows a procedure for selecting resources related to sidelink communication based on evaluation criterion 4, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20(b) shows frequency domain resources associated with the procedure for selecting a resource in slot t.
  • step S2010 UE1 may schedule sidelink transmission with transmission resource k to UE2.
  • UE2 may grant the sidelink transmission scheduling.
  • UE1 may transmit the sidelink data to UE2.
  • step S2020 UE3 may receive or listen to the sidelink scheduling, the UE scheduling grant of UE2 and/or sidelink transmission of UE1 from UE1 and/or UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2. For instance, UE3 may use the sidelink scheduling, the UE scheduling grant of UE2 and/or sidelink transmission of UE1 to evaluate the potential interference to UE2 when it selects transmission resource adjacent to resource k. For instance, UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on R(I) and R(Y).
  • the R(I) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE2's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information transmitted by UE2 or UE2's response to UE1's scheduling information), measured by UE3.
  • R(I) may represent or reflect the relative distance between UE2 and UE3.
  • the R(Y) may be the received signal quality/level/strength of UE1's transmission (e.g., sidelink control information transmitted by UE1 or UE1's scheduling information), measured by UE3.
  • R(Y) may represent or reflect the relative distance between UE1 and UE3.
  • S may be each evaluated resource that are candidate resources for transmission resources of UE3.
  • K(S) may represent or reflect the fraction of power leakage to the concerned resource k (or the resource adjacent resource to S) when UE3 uses resource S for transmission.
  • the factor K(S) may be defined with respect to transmission power.
  • K(S) increases if the resource k and the resource S is closer each other in frequency domain, and the factor K(S) decreases if the resource k and the resource S is more distant each other in frequency domain.
  • K(S) and K may be interchangeably used for notional simplicity.
  • distance metric may be used for interference estimation, instead of received signal power metric.
  • UE3 since low received power corresponds to longer distance, UE3 still may evaluate the potential interference to UE2.
  • UE3 may evaluate the potential interference to UE2 based on evaluation criterion 3 as follows.
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes acceptable interference (i.e. usable in terms of interference to UE2) such that UE3 may select the resource S.
  • acceptable interference i.e. usable in terms of interference to UE2
  • K(S)*R(I) + offset > R(Y) this may be the case where the distance between UE2 and UE3 is likely shorter than that between UE1 and UE3.
  • UE3 may consider that the concerned resource S causes high interference (i.e. unusable in terms of interference to UE2) such that UE3 may not select the resource S. this strategy may be to prevent worst case interference under topology ambiguity.
  • UE3 may select resource related to sidelink communication for UE4 based on the evaluated interference impact to UE2.
  • UE3 considers K(S)*R(I) to be the interference level to unintended receiver UE2 using resource k, when using the transmission resource S to its intended receiver. For instance, UE3 may select its transmission resources for which the interference evaluation indicates lower interference.
  • UE3 may apply resource selection based on the level of interference to UE2, UE3 may select the resource causing lowest interference.
  • UE3 may randomly select some resource among those that cause interference level lower than threshold. For instance, UE3 may further exclude the resource that causes interference higher than threshold on top of existing resource exclusion mechanism.
  • the UE consider the highest R(I) when evaluating K(S)*R(I).
  • UE3 may transmit sidelink data to UE4. For instance, if UE3 determine the distance between UE2 and UE3 is shorter than that between UE1 and UE3 based on the interference evaluation, UE3 may determine that any resource adjacent to resource k will potentially cause high interference to UE2 (e.g., in worst case). For instance, UE3 may exclude the adjacent resource for its transmission to UE4. For instance, if UE3 determine the distance between UE2 and UE3 is longer than that between UE1 and UE3 based on the interference evaluation, UE3 may determine that the resource j and k cause low interference to UE2. For instance, UE3 may select at least one of resource j or resource k for its transmission to UE4.
  • the present disclosure may provide mechanisms that allow transmission resource selection to effectively avoid interference to unintended receiver(s) of scheduled or on-going SL communication. This results in the coordinated transmission resource selection that allows minimal mutual interference when in-band emission may cause non-trivial interference.
  • the present disclosure enables coordinated SL communicatons that generates minimal mutial interfrence, increasng system performance.
  • FIG. 21 shows a procedure for selecting a resource related to communication by a first apparatus (100), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with the embodiments of FIG. 21.
  • the first apparatus (100) may receive a first information from a second apparatus.
  • the first apparatus (100) may receive a second information from a third apparatus.
  • the information includes at least one of data, control information, service and/or packet.
  • the first information and the second information may include at least one of information related to scheduling, information related to location of apparatus, information related to received power strength, information related to transmitted signal strength, information related to link between apparatus or scheduling grant.
  • the information related to location of apparatus may include at least one of zone ID or GPS coordinate.
  • the information related to scheduling may include at least one of layer-1 ID or layer-2 ID.
  • the third apparatus may be a receiver for the second apparatus.
  • the information may be sidelink information.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine an interference level to communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information.
  • the first device (100) may determine an interference level to communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the resource related to communication is a transmission resource of the first apparatus (100).
  • the resource related to communication is a reception resource of the first apparatus (100).
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine the interference level to the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the information related to power strength. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may determine the interference level to communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus, based on measured power strength of the first information and the second information by the first apparatus (100).
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine a plurality of interference levels to resources used by the one or more apparatus based on the one or more sidelink control information.
  • the first apparatus (100) may select a resource associated with a lowest interference level among the plurality of interference levels as the resource related to sidelink communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine one or more resources associated with an interference level lower than a threshold among the plurality of interference levels as the resource related to sidelink communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) select any one of the one or more resources as the resource related to sidelink communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) may select a resource related to communication based on the interference level. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may select a resource adjacent to a scheduled resource for the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus in the frequency domain as the resource related to communication, based on determining that the interference level is lower than a threshold value. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may determine that a resource adjacent to a scheduled resource for the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus in the frequency domain is excluded from a resource to be selected by first apparatus (100), based on determining that the interference level is greater than a threshold value.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine a plurality of interference levels to scheduled resources for the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may select a resource associated with a lowest interference level among the plurality of interference levels as the resource related to communication. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may determine one or more resources associated with an interference level lower than a threshold among the plurality of interference levels as the resource related to communication. The first apparatus (100) select any one of the one or more resources as the resource related to communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine a priority associated with the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the first information and the second information. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may select the resource related to communication based on determining that the priority is higher than a threshold value. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may determine that the priority is higher than the threshold value, when resources used by the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus include pre-empted resources.
  • the first apparatus (100) may a first distance between the first apparatus and the second apparatus based on the first information.
  • the first apparatus (100) may a second distance between the first apparatus and the third apparatus based on the sidelink information
  • the first apparatus (100) may select the resource related to communication based on the first distance and the second distance.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine that a resource adjacent to a scheduled resource for the communication between the second apparatus and the third apparatus in the frequency domain is excluded from a resource to be selected by first apparatus (100), based on determining that the the second distance is less than the first distance.
  • a first received power may be power at which the first apparatus (100) receives a signal transmitted by the second apparatus.
  • a second received power may be power at which the third apparatus receives a signal transmitted through a resource to be selected by the first apparatus (100).
  • the third received power may be a power at which the third apparatus receives a signal transmitted by the second apparatus.
  • the first apparatus (100) may determine a resource having the first received power greater than the second received power as a resource having less interference. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may determine a resource having a third received power greater than the second received power. The first apparatus (100) may select a resource having a third received power greater than the second received power as the resource related to communication.
  • the first apparatus (100) may perform sidelink communication with a fourth apparatus (200) based on the resource related to communication. For instance, the first apparatus (100) may transmit information to fourth apparatus (200) using the selected resource.
  • FIG. 22 shows a communication system 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure includes wireless devices, Base Stations (BSs), and a network.
  • the wireless devices represent devices performing communication using Radio Access Technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices.
  • RAT Radio Access Technology
  • the wireless devices may include, without being limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100c, a hand-held device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an Artificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400.
  • RAT Radio Access Technology
  • NR 5G New RAT
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • the wireless devices may include, without being limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100c, a hand-held device 100d, a home appliance 100
  • the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles.
  • the vehicles may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone).
  • UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • the XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
  • the hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook).
  • the home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine.
  • the IoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter.
  • the BSs and the network may be implemented as wireless devices and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a BS/network node with respect to other wireless devices.
  • the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BSs 200.
  • An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI server 400 via the network 300.
  • the network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network.
  • the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without passing through the BSs/network.
  • the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g.
  • V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle
  • V2X Vehicle-to-everything
  • Wireless communication/connections 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f/BS 200, or BS 200/BS 200.
  • the wireless communication/connections may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or, D2D communication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB)).
  • the wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b.
  • the wireless communication/connections 150a and 150b may transmit/receive signals through various physical channels.
  • various configuration information configuring processes various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resource allocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may be performed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.
  • various signal processing processes e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping
  • resource allocating processes for transmitting/receiving radio signals
  • FIG. 23 shows wireless devices, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a first wireless device 100 and a second wireless device 200 may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g., LTE and NR).
  • ⁇ the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 ⁇ may correspond to ⁇ the wireless device 100x and the BS 200 ⁇ and/or ⁇ the wireless device 100x and the wireless device 100x ⁇ of FIG. 22.
  • the first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108.
  • the processor(s) 102 may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor(s) 102 may process information within the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the first information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106.
  • the processor(s) 102 may receive radio signals including second information/signals through the transceiver 106 and then store information obtained by processing the second information/signals in the memory(s) 104.
  • the memory(s) 104 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s) 102.
  • the memory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR).
  • the transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.
  • Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • the transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with Radio Frequency (RF) unit(s).
  • the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
  • the second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one or more transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208.
  • the processor(s) 202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor(s) 202 may process information within the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and then transmit radio signals including the third information/signals through the transceiver(s) 206.
  • the processor(s) 202 may receive radio signals including fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information/signals in the memory(s) 204.
  • the memory(s) 204 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of information related to operations of the processor(s) 202.
  • the memory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performing a part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR).
  • the transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.
  • Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • the transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RF unit(s).
  • the wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.
  • One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP).
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • PDUs Protocol Data Units
  • SDUs Service Data Unit
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide the generated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • signals e.g., baseband signals
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmware or software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, or functions.
  • Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202.
  • the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.
  • the one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.
  • the one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-Only Memories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives, registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more memories 104 and 204 may be located at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors 102 and 202.
  • the one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies such as wired or wireless connection.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methods and/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or more other devices.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices.
  • the one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to the one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one or more antennas 108 and 208.
  • the one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals/channels etc.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the base band signals into the RF band signals.
  • the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.
  • FIG. 24 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a signal processing circuit 1000 may include scramblers 1010, modulators 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, resource mappers 1050, and signal generators 1060.
  • An operation/function of FIG. 24 may be performed, without being limited to, the processors 102 and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 23.
  • Hardware elements of FIG. 24 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 23.
  • blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 23.
  • the blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 23 and the block 1060 may be implemented by the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 23.
  • Codewords may be converted into radio signals via the signal processing circuit 1000 of FIG. 24.
  • the codewords are encoded bit sequences of information blocks.
  • the information blocks may include transport blocks (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block).
  • the radio signals may be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH and a PDSCH).
  • the codewords may be converted into scrambled bit sequences by the scramblers 1010.
  • Scramble sequences used for scrambling may be generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of a wireless device.
  • the scrambled bit sequences may be modulated to modulation symbol sequences by the modulators 1020.
  • a modulation scheme may include pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK), and m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM).
  • Complex modulation symbol sequences may be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layer mapper 1030.
  • Modulation symbols of each transport layer may be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 1040.
  • Outputs z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained by multiplying outputs y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W.
  • N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transport layers.
  • the precoder 1040 may perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.
  • transform precoding e.g., DFT
  • the resource mappers 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources.
  • the time-frequency resources may include a plurality of symbols (e.g., a CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • the signal generators 1060 may generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols and the generated radio signals may be transmitted to other devices through each antenna.
  • the signal generators 1060 may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) modules, Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserters, Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs), and frequency up-converters.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • CP Cyclic Prefix
  • DACs Digital-to-Analog Converters
  • Signal processing procedures for a signal received in the wireless device may be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processing procedures 1010 to 1060 of FIG. 24.
  • the wireless devices e.g., 100 and 200 of FIG. 23
  • the received radio signals may be converted into baseband signals through signal restorers.
  • the signal restorers may include frequency downlink converters, Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), CP remover, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) modules.
  • ADCs Analog-to-Digital Converters
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the baseband signals may be restored to codewords through a resource demapping procedure, a postcoding procedure, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling procedure.
  • a signal processing circuit for a reception signal may include signal restorers, resource demappers, a postcoder, demodulators, descramblers, and decoders.
  • FIG. 25 shows another example of a wireless device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer to FIG. 22 and FIG. 26 to FIG. 31).
  • wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to the wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 23 and may be configured by various elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules.
  • each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional components 140.
  • the communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and transceiver(s) 114.
  • the communication circuit 112 may include the one or more processors 102 and 202 and/or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 23.
  • the transceiver(s) 114 may include the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 23.
  • the control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140 and controls overall operation of the wireless devices. For example, the control unit 120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit 130.
  • the control unit 120 may transmit the information stored in the memory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store, in the memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wired interface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110.
  • the additional components 140 may be variously configured according to types of wireless devices.
  • the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit.
  • the wireless device may be implemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100a of FIG. 22), the vehicles (100b-1 and 100b-2 of FIG. 22), the XR device (100c of FIG. 22), the hand-held device (100d of FIG. 22), the home appliance (100e of FIG. 22), the IoT device (100f of FIG.
  • the wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed place according to a use-example/service.
  • the entirety of the various elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may be connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a part thereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.
  • the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and the control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.
  • Each element, component, unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may further include one or more elements.
  • the control unit 120 may be configured by a set of one or more processors.
  • control unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphical processing unit, and a memory control processor.
  • memory 130 may be configured by a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM)), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • DRAM Dynamic RAM
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • flash memory a volatile memory
  • non-volatile memory and/or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 25 An example of implementing FIG. 25 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 26 shows a hand-held device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook).
  • the hand-held device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT).
  • MS mobile station
  • UT user terminal
  • MSS Mobile Subscriber Station
  • SS Subscriber Station
  • AMS Advanced Mobile Station
  • WT Wireless Terminal
  • a hand-held device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I/O unit 140c.
  • the antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110.
  • Blocks 110 to 130/140a to140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 25, respectively.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs.
  • the control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the hand-held device 100.
  • the control unit 120 may include an Application Processor (AP).
  • the memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-held device 100.
  • the memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information.
  • the power supply unit 140a may supply power to the hand-held device 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
  • the interface unit 140b may support connection of the hand-held device 100 to other external devices.
  • the interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection with external devices.
  • the I/O unit 140c may input or output video information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input by a user.
  • the I/O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
  • the I/O unit 140c may acquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video) input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130.
  • the communication unit 110 may convert the information/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to a BS.
  • the communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signals into original information/signals.
  • the restored information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.
  • FIG. 27 shows a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle may be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned Aerial Vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.
  • AV Aerial Vehicle
  • a vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a driving unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d.
  • the antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110.
  • the blocks 110/130/140a to 140d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 25, respectively.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers.
  • the control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100.
  • the control unit 120 may include an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
  • the driving unit 140a may cause the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 to drive on a road.
  • the driving unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, a wheel, a brake, a steering device, etc.
  • the power supply unit 140b may supply power to the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
  • the sensor unit 140c may acquire a vehicle state, ambient environment information, user information, etc.
  • the sensor unit 140c may include an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc.
  • IMU Inertial Measurement Unit
  • the autonomous driving unit 140d may implement technology for maintaining a lane on which a vehicle is driving, technology for automatically adjusting speed, such as adaptive cruise control, technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, technology for driving by automatically setting a path if a destination is set, and the like.
  • the communication unit 110 may receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server.
  • the autonomous driving unit 140d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan from the obtained data.
  • the control unit 120 may control the driving unit 140a such that the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 may move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed/direction control).
  • the communication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically acquire recent traffic information data from the external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles.
  • the sensor unit 140c may obtain a vehicle state and/or surrounding environment information.
  • the autonomous driving unit 140d may update the autonomous driving path and the driving plan based on the newly obtained data/information.
  • the communication unit 110 may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomous driving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server.
  • the external server may predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles or autonomous driving vehicles and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or the autonomous driving vehicles.
  • FIG. 28 shows a vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the vehicle may be implemented as a transport means, an aerial vehicle, a ship, etc.
  • a vehicle 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I/O unit 140a, and a positioning unit 140b.
  • the blocks 110 to 130/140a and 140b correspond to blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 25.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles or BSs.
  • the control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the vehicle 100.
  • the memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands for supporting various functions of the vehicle 100.
  • the I/O unit 140a may output an AR/VR object based on information within the memory unit 130.
  • the I/O unit 140a may include an HUD.
  • the positioning unit 140b may acquire information about the position of the vehicle 100.
  • the position information may include information about an absolute position of the vehicle 100, information about the position of the vehicle 100 within a traveling lane, acceleration information, and information about the position of the vehicle 100 from a neighboring vehicle.
  • the positioning unit 140b may include a GPS and various sensors.
  • the communication unit 110 of the vehicle 100 may receive map information and traffic information from an external server and store the received information in the memory unit 130.
  • the positioning unit 140b may obtain the vehicle position information through the GPS and various sensors and store the obtained information in the memory unit 130.
  • the control unit 120 may generate a virtual object based on the map information, traffic information, and vehicle position information and the I/O unit 140a may display the generated virtual object in a window in the vehicle (1410 and 1420).
  • the control unit 120 may determine whether the vehicle 100 normally drives within a traveling lane, based on the vehicle position information. If the vehicle 100 abnormally exits from the traveling lane, the control unit 120 may display a warning on the window in the vehicle through the I/O unit 140a. In addition, the control unit 120 may broadcast a warning message regarding driving abnormity to neighboring vehicles through the communication unit 110. According to situation, the control unit 120 may transmit the vehicle position information and the information about driving/vehicle abnormality to related organizations.
  • FIG. 29 shows an XR device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the XR device may be implemented by an HMD, an HUD mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
  • an XR device 100a may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I/O unit 140a, a sensor unit 140b, and a power supply unit 140c.
  • the blocks 110 to 130/140a to 140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 25, respectively.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., media data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, hand-held devices, or media servers.
  • the media data may include video, images, and sound.
  • the control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the XR device 100a.
  • the control unit 120 may be configured to control and/or perform procedures such as video/image acquisition, (video/image) encoding, and metadata generation and processing.
  • the memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the XR device 100a/generate XR object.
  • the I/O unit 140a may obtain control information and data from the exterior and output the generated XR object.
  • the I/O unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
  • the sensor unit 140b may obtain an XR device state, surrounding environment information, user information, etc.
  • the sensor unit 140b may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone and/or a radar.
  • the power supply unit 140c may supply power to the XR device 100a and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
  • the memory unit 130 of the XR device 100a may include information (e.g., data) needed to generate the XR object (e.g., an AR/VR/MR object).
  • the I/O unit 140a may receive a command for manipulating the XR device 100a from a user and the control unit 120 may drive the XR device 100a according to a driving command of a user. For example, when a user desires to watch a film or news through the XR device 100a, the control unit 120 transmits content request information to another device (e.g., a hand-held device 100b) or a media server through the communication unit 130.
  • another device e.g., a hand-held device 100b
  • a media server e.g., a media server
  • the communication unit 130 may download/stream content such as films or news from another device (e.g., the hand-held device 100b) or the media server to the memory unit 130.
  • the control unit 120 may control and/or perform procedures such as video/image acquisition, (video/image) encoding, and metadata generation/processing with respect to the content and generate/output the XR object based on information about a surrounding space or a real object obtained through the I/O unit 140a/sensor unit 140b.
  • the XR device 100a may be wirelessly connected to the hand-held device 100b through the communication unit 110 and the operation of the XR device 100a may be controlled by the hand-held device 100b.
  • the hand-held device 100b may operate as a controller of the XR device 100a.
  • the XR device 100a may obtain information about a 3D position of the hand-held device 100b and generate and output an XR object corresponding to the hand-held device 100b.
  • FIG. 30 shows a robot, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the robot may be categorized into an industrial robot, a medical robot, a household robot, a military robot, etc., according to a used purpose or field.
  • a robot 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I/O unit 140a, a sensor unit 140b, and a driving unit 140c.
  • the blocks 110 to 130/140a to 140c correspond to the blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 25, respectively.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., driving information and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, other robots, or control servers.
  • the control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the robot 100.
  • the memory unit 130 may store data/parameters/programs/code/commands for supporting various functions of the robot 100.
  • the I/O unit 140a may obtain information from the exterior of the robot 100 and output information to the exterior of the robot 100.
  • the I/O unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
  • the sensor unit 140b may obtain internal information of the robot 100, surrounding environment information, user information, etc.
  • the sensor unit 140b may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, a radar, etc.
  • the driving unit 140c may perform various physical operations such as movement of robot joints. In addition, the driving unit 140c may cause the robot 100 to travel on the road or to fly.
  • the driving unit 140c may include an actuator, a motor, a wheel, a brake, a propeller, etc.
  • FIG. 31 shows an AI device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the AI device may be implemented by a fixed device or a mobile device, such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a notebook, a digital broadcast terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a Set Top Box (STB), a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc.
  • an AI device 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I/O unit 140a/140b, a learning processor unit 140c, and a sensor unit 140d.
  • the blocks 110 to 130/140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 25, respectively.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive wired/radio signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning models, or control signals) to and from external devices such as other AI devices (e.g., 100x, 200, or 400 of FIG. 22) or an AI server (e.g., 400 of FIG. 22) using wired/wireless communication technology.
  • the communication unit 110 may transmit information within the memory unit 130 to an external device and transmit a signal received from the external device to the memory unit 130.
  • the control unit 120 may determine at least one feasible operation of the AI device 100, based on information which is determined or generated using a data analysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm.
  • the control unit 120 may perform an operation determined by controlling constituent elements of the AI device 100. For example, the control unit 120 may request, search, receive, or use data of the learning processor unit 140c or the memory unit 130 and control the constituent elements of the AI device 100 to perform a predicted operation or an operation determined to be preferred among at least one feasible operation.
  • the control unit 120 may collect history information including the operation contents of the AI device 100 and operation feedback by a user and store the collected information in the memory unit 130 or the learning processor unit 140c or transmit the collected information to an external device such as an AI server (400 of FIG. 22). The collected history information may be used to update a learning model.
  • the memory unit 130 may store data for supporting various functions of the AI device 100.
  • the memory unit 130 may store data obtained from the input unit 140a, data obtained from the communication unit 110, output data of the learning processor unit 140c, and data obtained from the sensor unit 140.
  • the memory unit 130 may store control information and/or software code needed to operate/drive the control unit 120.
  • the input unit 140a may acquire various types of data from the exterior of the AI device 100.
  • the input unit 140a may acquire learning data for model learning, and input data to which the learning model is to be applied.
  • the input unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, and/or a user input unit.
  • the output unit 140b may generate output related to a visual, auditory, or tactile sense.
  • the output unit 140b may include a display unit, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
  • the sensing unit 140 may obtain at least one of internal information of the AI device 100, surrounding environment information of the AI device 100, and user information, using various sensors.
  • the sensor unit 140 may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, and/or a radar.
  • the learning processor unit 140c may learn a model consisting of artificial neural networks, using learning data.
  • the learning processor unit 140c may perform AI processing together with the learning processor unit of the AI server (400 of FIG. 22).
  • the learning processor unit 140c may process information received from an external device through the communication unit 110 and/or information stored in the memory unit 130.
  • an output value of the learning processor unit 140c may be transmitted to the external device through the communication unit 110 and may be stored in the memory unit 130.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de sélectionner une ressource relative à une communication par un premier appareil (100). Le procédé peut comprendre : la réception de premières informations en provenance d'un second appareil ; la réception de secondes informations en provenance d'un troisième appareil ; la détermination d'un niveau d'interférence de communication entre le second appareil et le troisième appareil sur la base des premières informations et des secondes informations ; la sélection d'une ressource relative à une communication sur la base du niveau d'interférence ; et la réalisation d'une communication avec un quatrième appareil sur la base de la ressource relative à la communication.
PCT/KR2019/013841 2018-10-19 2019-10-21 Procédé et appareil permettant de sélectionner une ressource relative à une communication de liaison latérale sur la base des informations de commande de liaison latérale dans nr v2x WO2020080914A1 (fr)

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KR20180125245 2018-10-19

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WO2020080914A1 true WO2020080914A1 (fr) 2020-04-23

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WO2022094811A1 (fr) * 2020-11-04 2022-05-12 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de transmission d'ensemble de ressources auxiliaires, et support de stockage

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