WO2020068751A1 - Ventilation adaptor and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Ventilation adaptor and method of use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020068751A1
WO2020068751A1 PCT/US2019/052602 US2019052602W WO2020068751A1 WO 2020068751 A1 WO2020068751 A1 WO 2020068751A1 US 2019052602 W US2019052602 W US 2019052602W WO 2020068751 A1 WO2020068751 A1 WO 2020068751A1
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Prior art keywords
port
elongated member
distal end
proximal end
proximal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/052602
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jie Li
Keith M. ROBERTS
Tyler T. WEISS
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Rush University Medical Center
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Publication of WO2020068751A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020068751A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105Filters
    • A61M16/106Filters in a path
    • A61M16/1065Filters in a path in the expiratory path
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0816Joints or connectors
    • A61M16/0833T- or Y-type connectors, e.g. Y-piece
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0875Connecting tubes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0883Circuit type
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105Filters
    • A61M16/1055Filters bacterial
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04Tracheal tubes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/75General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
    • A61M2205/7581General characteristics of the apparatus with filters with means for switching over to a fresh filter on clogging or saturation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to an adaptor for use with an endotracheal ventilation system and to a method of using such a device.
  • the adaptor provides for a method of replacing a ventilation filter without interrupting ventilation of the patient.
  • Ventilation is a physiologic process which supplies oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide, a gaseous waste product. Ventilation is provided by the rhythmic back and forth motion of air in the trachea, caused by the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm. In seriously ill or injured patients unable to breathe adequately on their own, ventilation can be assisted by inserting an endotracheal tube through the oral or nasal cavity of the patient, a process often referred to as endotracheal intubation.
  • An endotracheal tube is a single or double-lumen catheter that is open at both ends. One end extends outside of the patient and is engaged with a mechanical ventilator for supplying a ventilation fluid. The other end extends between the vocal cords and into the trachea of the patient.
  • An expiratory filter is normally positioned in-line with the endotracheal tube to prevent the inhalation of harmful pathogens by the patient.
  • the expiratory filter needs to be replaced every 24 to 48 hours. This frequency increases to every 2 to 4 hours for
  • the ventilator circuits must be disconnected when changing filters and the mechanical ventilation support is interrupted. This interruption causes detrimental effects for the patients, for example, losing positive pressure may cause alveolar collapse, especially for the critically ill patients who need high pressure. In addition, the decruitment of alveoli may worsen lung compliance and hypoxemia. Moreover, disconnection of circuits which are being used on patients also causes contamination of the environment, due to the positive pressure dispersing the condensation within the ventilator circuit to the room. This condensation contains bacteria which can lead to an infection control issue.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a ventilation system including a first component and a second component.
  • the first component includes a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from an adaptor proximal end, through a first bifurcation point, to a first distal end and a second distal end.
  • a first valve is positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and first distal end.
  • a second valve is positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and second distal end.
  • the second component includes a second elongated member having a second lumen extending therethrough from an adaptor distal end, through a second bifurcation point to a first proximal end and a second proximal end.
  • a third valve is positioned in-line with the lumen between the second bifurcation point and the first proximal end.
  • a fourth valve positioned in-line with the lumen between the bifurcation point and the second proximal end.
  • Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of a ventilation system.
  • proximal and distal will be used to describe the opposing axial ends of the ventilation adaptor system, as well as
  • proximal is used in its conventional sense to refer to the end of the assembly (or component) that is closest to the medical professional, or mechanical ventilator, during use of the assembly.
  • distal is used in its conventional sense to refer to the end of the system (or component) that is closest to the end of an attached intubation that is initially inserted into the patient, or that is closest to the patient during use.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides an adaptor device that, when used in conjunction with a mechanical ventilator and an intubation tube, prevents interruption of mechanical ventilation during the process of replacing expiratory filters during the ventilation of a patient.
  • the adaptor is placed in-line
  • Each pathway includes expiratory filter connectors allowing an expiratory filter to the positioned between two valves, each having an open position and a closed position.
  • the two valves in the first of the two pathways will be positioned in the open position, providing a ventilation pathway enabling mechanical ventilation of the patient through this pathway.
  • the valves in the second pathway may be closed, allowing for isolation of and replacement of the expiratory filter positioned in this pathway without interruption of mechanical ventilation.
  • the two valves in the second pathway may be opened so as to provide a ventilation pathway through the second pathway.
  • the valves in the first pathway may then be closed isolating the expiratory filter in this pathway and allowing for the replacement of this filter without interruption of mechanical ventilation of the patient.
  • the adaptor allows for continuous mechanical ventilation of the patient.
  • the device avoids disconnection of the ventilation circuit, which controls the spread of bacteria.
  • FIG. 1 there is here illustrated a view of one embodiment of a ventilation system including an adaptor and associated filters.
  • the adaptor includes a first component 10 and a second component 100.
  • First component 10 and second component 100 are shown connected by a first expiratory filter 200 and a second expiratory filter 210.
  • the first component 10 includes a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from proximal end 20 through first bifurcation point
  • first valve 70 is positioned in-line with first pathway segment 40 of the first lumen between bifurcation point 12 and first distal end 50.
  • a second valve 80 is positioned in-line with second pathway segment 45 of the first lumen between first bifurcation point 12 and second distal end 60.
  • the first elongated member and/or the second elongated member may be, for example, a bifurcated tubular member formed from a flexible polymer.
  • the second component 100 includes a second elongated member having a second lumen extending therethrough from a distal end 130, through a second bifurcation point 120 to a first proximal end 150 and a second proximal end 160.
  • a third valve 170 is positioned in-line with the first pathway segment 140 between second bifurcation point 120 and the first proximal end 150.
  • a fourth valve 180 is positioned in-line with the second pathway segment 145 between bifurcation point 120 and second proximal end 160.
  • Each of the valves 70, 80, 170 and 180 has a closed valve position and an open valve position.
  • at least one of the valves is, for example, a ball valve.
  • First expiratory filter 200 includes a first port and a second port. In one embodiment, the first port to connected to first distal end 50 of first component 10. The second port is connected to the first proximal end 150 of second component 100.
  • second expiratory filter 210 includes a first port and a second port. In one embodiment, the first port to connected to second distal end 60 of first component 10. The second port of second expiratory filter 210 is connected to the second proximal end 160 of second component 100.
  • Ventilation fluid may be passed through either, or both, of
  • the first pathway extends from proximal end 20 through first pathway segment 40, first expiratory filter 200 and first pathway segment 140 to distal end 130.
  • the second pathway extends from proximal end 20 through second pathway segment 45, second expiratory filter 210 and second pathway segment 145 to distal end 130.
  • At least one, or both, of the expiratory filters includes a filter cartridge comprising a filter cartridge proximal port and a filter cartridge distal port and enclosing a filter pad disposed in a fluid path between the filter cartridge proximal port and the filter cartridge distal port.
  • the filter cartridge proximal port is sized and shaped to accept the first or second distal end of the first elongated member
  • the filter cartridge distal port is sized and shaped to accept the first or second proximal end of the second elongated member.
  • Proximal end 20 of the adaptor may be connected to a first portion of an intubation tube, the proximal end of which is connected to a ventilation device.
  • Distal end 130 may be connected to a second portion of an intubation tube, the distal end of which is positioned within the trachea of the patient, for example, a human patient.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of providing endotracheal ventilation to a patient.
  • the method includes positioning the distal end of an intubation tube in the patient’s trachea and attaching the proximal end of the intubation tube to the distal end of a distal component of a ventilation adaptor as disclosed herein.
  • a ventilation adaptor as disclosed herein.
  • one of the two pathways through the adaptor provides a fluid path from the proximal end of the
  • the adaptor through a filter to the distal end of the adaptor.
  • the second pathway is typically closed by positioning the valves in that pathway in the closed position.
  • the proximal end of the proximal component of the adaptor is connected to a mechanical ventilator and ventilation fluid provided to the patient from the ventilator.
  • a second filter is placed in the second fluid pathway though the adaptor and the valves in this pathway placed in the open position. At this time, ventilator fluid is provided to the patient through both the first and the second pathway.
  • valves in the first pathway are then closed while ventilation fluid continues to be provided to the patient through the second pathway.
  • the filter in the first pathway may then be replaced with a new filter.
  • the valves in the first pathway are again opened and those in the second pathway closed.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure relates generally to an adaptor for use with an endotracheal ventilation system and to a method of using such a device. In one embodiment, the adaptor provides for a method of replacing a ventilation filter without interrupting ventilation of the patient.

Description

Figure imgf000003_0001
Ventilation Adaptor and Method of Use Thereof RELATED APPLICATION
[001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.
62/736,062, filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office on
September 25, 2018, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety
TECHNICAL FIELD
[002] The present disclosure relates generally to an adaptor for use with an endotracheal ventilation system and to a method of using such a device. In one embodiment, the adaptor provides for a method of replacing a ventilation filter without interrupting ventilation of the patient.
BACKGROUND
[003] Ventilation is a physiologic process which supplies oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide, a gaseous waste product. Ventilation is provided by the rhythmic back and forth motion of air in the trachea, caused by the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm. In seriously ill or injured patients unable to breathe adequately on their own, ventilation can be assisted by inserting an endotracheal tube through the oral or nasal cavity of the patient, a process often referred to as endotracheal intubation. An endotracheal tube is a single or double-lumen catheter that is open at both ends. One end extends outside of the patient and is engaged with a mechanical ventilator for supplying a ventilation fluid. The other end extends between the vocal cords and into the trachea of the patient. An expiratory filter is normally positioned in-line with the endotracheal tube to prevent the inhalation of harmful pathogens by the patient.
[004] For mechanically ventilated patients, the expiratory filter needs to be replaced every 24 to 48 hours. This frequency increases to every 2 to 4 hours for
Figure imgf000004_0001
patients who need continuous aerosol therapy. The ventilator circuits must be disconnected when changing filters and the mechanical ventilation support is interrupted. This interruption causes detrimental effects for the patients, for example, losing positive pressure may cause alveolar collapse, especially for the critically ill patients who need high pressure. In addition, the decruitment of alveoli may worsen lung compliance and hypoxemia. Moreover, disconnection of circuits which are being used on patients also causes contamination of the environment, due to the positive pressure dispersing the condensation within the ventilator circuit to the room. This condensation contains bacteria which can lead to an infection control issue.
SUMMARY
[005] One aspect of the present invention provides a ventilation system including a first component and a second component. In one embodiment, the first component includes a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from an adaptor proximal end, through a first bifurcation point, to a first distal end and a second distal end. A first valve is positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and first distal end. A second valve is positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and second distal end.
[006] In another embodiment, the second component includes a second elongated member having a second lumen extending therethrough from an adaptor distal end, through a second bifurcation point to a first proximal end and a second proximal end. A third valve is positioned in-line with the lumen between the second bifurcation point and the first proximal end. A fourth valve positioned in-line with the lumen between the bifurcation point and the second proximal end.
Figure imgf000005_0001
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[007] Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of a ventilation system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions
[008] For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. Any alterations and further modifications in the described embodiments, and any further applications of the principles of the invention as described herein are contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates. In the discussions that follow, a number of potential features, methods of use, or other aspects, are disclosed. It is to be understood that each such disclosed feature or features can be combined with the generalized features discussed, to form a disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
[009] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In case of conflict, the present document, including definitions, will control. Preferred methods and materials are described below, although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.
[010] In the following discussion, the terms "proximal" and "distal" will be used to describe the opposing axial ends of the ventilation adaptor system, as well as
Figure imgf000006_0001
the axial ends of various component features. The term "proximal" is used in its conventional sense to refer to the end of the assembly (or component) that is closest to the medical professional, or mechanical ventilator, during use of the assembly. The term "distal" is used in its conventional sense to refer to the end of the system (or component) that is closest to the end of an attached intubation that is initially inserted into the patient, or that is closest to the patient during use.
[011] The uses of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar references in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., "such as",“for example”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
Ventilation Adaptor
[012] One aspect of the present invention provides an adaptor device that, when used in conjunction with a mechanical ventilator and an intubation tube, prevents interruption of mechanical ventilation during the process of replacing expiratory filters during the ventilation of a patient. The adaptor is placed in-line
Figure imgf000007_0001
with the intubation tube and provides a first pathway and a second pathway from the proximal end to the distal end of the device. Each pathway includes expiratory filter connectors allowing an expiratory filter to the positioned between two valves, each having an open position and a closed position. Such a configuration permits the isolation of each of the filters and allows for the replacement of the filter in one of the pathways while the other pathway provides ventilation fluid to and from the patient’s lungs.
[013] Typically, the two valves in the first of the two pathways will be positioned in the open position, providing a ventilation pathway enabling mechanical ventilation of the patient through this pathway. The valves in the second pathway may be closed, allowing for isolation of and replacement of the expiratory filter positioned in this pathway without interruption of mechanical ventilation. With the filter in the second pathway in position, the two valves in the second pathway may be opened so as to provide a ventilation pathway through the second pathway. The valves in the first pathway may then be closed isolating the expiratory filter in this pathway and allowing for the replacement of this filter without interruption of mechanical ventilation of the patient. Thus, the adaptor allows for continuous mechanical ventilation of the patient. In addition, the device avoids disconnection of the ventilation circuit, which controls the spread of bacteria.
[014] Turning now to Figure 1 , there is here illustrated a view of one embodiment of a ventilation system including an adaptor and associated filters. The adaptor includes a first component 10 and a second component 100. First component 10 and second component 100 are shown connected by a first expiratory filter 200 and a second expiratory filter 210.
[015] The first component 10 includes a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from proximal end 20 through first bifurcation point
Figure imgf000008_0001
12 to a first distal end 50 and a second distal end 60. A first valve 70 is positioned in-line with first pathway segment 40 of the first lumen between bifurcation point 12 and first distal end 50. A second valve 80 is positioned in-line with second pathway segment 45 of the first lumen between first bifurcation point 12 and second distal end 60. The first elongated member and/or the second elongated member may be, for example, a bifurcated tubular member formed from a flexible polymer.
[016] The second component 100 includes a second elongated member having a second lumen extending therethrough from a distal end 130, through a second bifurcation point 120 to a first proximal end 150 and a second proximal end 160. A third valve 170 is positioned in-line with the first pathway segment 140 between second bifurcation point 120 and the first proximal end 150. A fourth valve 180 is positioned in-line with the second pathway segment 145 between bifurcation point 120 and second proximal end 160.
[017] Each of the valves 70, 80, 170 and 180 has a closed valve position and an open valve position. In one embodiment at least one of the valves is, for example, a ball valve.
[018] First expiratory filter 200 includes a first port and a second port. In one embodiment, the first port to connected to first distal end 50 of first component 10. The second port is connected to the first proximal end 150 of second component 100. Similarly, second expiratory filter 210 includes a first port and a second port. In one embodiment, the first port to connected to second distal end 60 of first component 10. The second port of second expiratory filter 210 is connected to the second proximal end 160 of second component 100.
[019] With both expiratory filters in place and all valves positioned in an open (pass-through) position, two pathways are provided between proximal end 20 and distal end 130. Ventilation fluid may be passed through either, or both, of
Figure imgf000009_0001
the pathways, which are not in fluid contact with the exterior of the adaptor except through proximal end 20 and distal end 130. The first pathway extends from proximal end 20 through first pathway segment 40, first expiratory filter 200 and first pathway segment 140 to distal end 130. The second pathway extends from proximal end 20 through second pathway segment 45, second expiratory filter 210 and second pathway segment 145 to distal end 130.
[020] In one embodiment, at least one, or both, of the expiratory filters includes a filter cartridge comprising a filter cartridge proximal port and a filter cartridge distal port and enclosing a filter pad disposed in a fluid path between the filter cartridge proximal port and the filter cartridge distal port. In such an embodiment, the filter cartridge proximal port is sized and shaped to accept the first or second distal end of the first elongated member, and the filter cartridge distal port is sized and shaped to accept the first or second proximal end of the second elongated member.
[021] Proximal end 20 of the adaptor may be connected to a first portion of an intubation tube, the proximal end of which is connected to a ventilation device. Distal end 130 may be connected to a second portion of an intubation tube, the distal end of which is positioned within the trachea of the patient, for example, a human patient.
Method of Providing Endotracheal Ventilation to a Patient
[022] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of providing endotracheal ventilation to a patient. In one embodiment, the method includes positioning the distal end of an intubation tube in the patient’s trachea and attaching the proximal end of the intubation tube to the distal end of a distal component of a ventilation adaptor as disclosed herein. Typically, one of the two pathways through the adaptor provides a fluid path from the proximal end of the
Figure imgf000010_0001
adaptor through a filter to the distal end of the adaptor. The second pathway is typically closed by positioning the valves in that pathway in the closed position.
[023] The proximal end of the proximal component of the adaptor is connected to a mechanical ventilator and ventilation fluid provided to the patient from the ventilator. When the filter in the fluid path requires changing, a second filter is placed in the second fluid pathway though the adaptor and the valves in this pathway placed in the open position. At this time, ventilator fluid is provided to the patient through both the first and the second pathway.
[024] The valves in the first pathway are then closed while ventilation fluid continues to be provided to the patient through the second pathway. The filter in the first pathway may then be replaced with a new filter. When the second filter requires replacing, the valves in the first pathway are again opened and those in the second pathway closed. By providing two pathways for the delivery of ventilation fluid, the adaptor allows for continuous ventilation of the patient and replacement of the filters when required.
[025] Although the invention has been described and illustrated with reference to specific illustrative embodiments thereof, it is not intended that the invention be limited to those illustrative embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that variations and modifications can be made without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims that follow. It is therefore intended to include within the invention all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A ventilation system comprising
a first component comprising:
a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from an adaptor proximal end, through a first bifurcation point, to a first distal end and a second distal end;
a first valve positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and first distal end;
a second valve positioned in-line with the first lumen between the bifurcation point and second distal end;
and
a second component comprising:
a second elongated member having a second lumen extending
therethrough from an adaptor distal end, through a second bifurcation point to a first proximal end and a second proximal end;
a third valve positioned in-line with the lumen between the second bifurcation point and the first proximal end;
a fourth valve positioned in-line with the lumen between the bifurcation point and the second proximal end.
2. The ventilation system of claim 1 , wherein each of the first, second, third and fourth valves has a closed valve position and an open valve position.
Figure imgf000012_0001
3. The ventilation system of claim 2, wherein at least one of the first, second, third and fourth valves is a ball valve.
4. The ventilation system of claim 1 , further comprising a first filter cartridge comprising a first filter cartridge proximal port and a first filter cartridge distal port and enclosing a first filter pad disposed in a fluid path between the first filter cartridge proximal port and the first filter cartridge distal port, wherein the first filter cartridge proximal port is sized and shaped to accept the first distal end of the first elongated member, and wherein the first filter cartridge distal port is sized and shaped to accept the first proximal end of the second elongated member.
5. The ventilation system of claim 4, further comprising a second filter cartridge comprising a second filter cartridge proximal port and a second filter cartridge distal port and enclosing a second filter pad disposed in a fluid path between the second filter cartridge proximal port and the second filter cartridge distal port, wherein the second filter cartridge proximal port is sized and shaped to accept the second distal end of the first elongated member, and wherein the second filter cartridge distal port is sized and shaped to accept the second proximal end of the second elongated member.
6. The ventilation system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first elongated member and the second elongated member is a bifurcated tubular member formed from a flexible polymer.
Figure imgf000013_0001
7. A method of providing endotracheal ventilation to a patient
comprising:
positioning a distal end of an intubation tube in the patient’s trachea;
attaching a proximal end of the intubation tube to a distal end of a distal component of a ventilation system comprising:
(i) a proximal component comprising: a first elongated member having a first lumen extending therethrough from a proximal end, through a first bifurcation point, to a first distal end and a second distal end; a first valve positioned in-line with the first lumen between the first bifurcation point and the first distal end; a second valve positioned in-line with the first lumen between the first bifurcation point and second distal end;
(ii) the distal component comprising: a second elongated member having a second lumen extending
therethrough from a distal end, through a second bifurcation point to a first proximal end of and a second proximal end, wherein the distal end attaches to a proximal end of an endotracheal tube; a third valve positioned in-line with the second lumen between the second bifurcation point and first proximal end; a fourth valve positioned in-line with the second lumen between the second bifurcation point and second proximal end, and
Figure imgf000014_0001
(iii) a plurality of filter cartridges each comprising a first port and a second port and enclosing a filter pad disposed in a fluid path between the first port and the second port, wherein the first port is sized and shaped to accept the first or the second distal end of the first elongated member, and wherein the second port is sized and shaped to accept the first or the second proximal end of the second elongated member; connecting the first port of a first of the plurality of filter cartridges to the first distal end of the first elongated member; connecting the second port of the first of the plurality of filter cartridges to the first proximal end of the second elongated member; closing the third and fourth valves; opening the first and second valves, wherein a closed fluid path is provided from the proximal end of the first elongated member through the first of the plurality of filter cartridges to the distal end of the second elongated member; attaching the proximal end of the proximal component to a mechanical ventilator; providing a ventilation fluid to the patient from the mechanical ventilator and from the proximal end of the first elongated member to the distal end of the second elongated member; connecting the first port of a second of the plurality of filter cartridges to the second distal end of the first elongated member;
Figure imgf000015_0001
connecting the second port of a second of the plurality of filter cartridges to the second proximal end of the second elongated member; opening the third and fourth valves, wherein a closed fluid path is provided from the proximal end of the first elongated member through the second of the plurality of filter cartridges to the distal end of the second elongated member; closing the first and second valves; and continuing to provide the ventilation fluid to the patient from the mechanical ventilator.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the patient is a human patient.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first, second, third and fourth valves is a ball valve.
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CN111569222A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-08-25 浙江省科技宣传教育中心 Breather valve assembly structure for breathing machine
US20220211965A1 (en) * 2019-07-24 2022-07-07 Bunnell Incorporated Pulmonary ventilator with changeable filters
WO2024044163A1 (en) * 2022-08-22 2024-02-29 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Expiratory filter adapter

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US20220211965A1 (en) * 2019-07-24 2022-07-07 Bunnell Incorporated Pulmonary ventilator with changeable filters
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WO2024044163A1 (en) * 2022-08-22 2024-02-29 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Expiratory filter adapter

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